Organic substrate cultivation fertilization method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides an organic substrate cultivation fertilization method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and comprises the following steps: determining the nutrient release amount of the forestry waste layer in real time according to the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the forestry waste layer; obtaining the nutrient demand amount of the target crop; determining the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release amount of the forestry waste layer, the nutrient demand amount of the target crop and the initial nutrient amount of the conventional substrate layer; and fertilizing the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount. The application quantitatively analyzes the supply and demand of nutrients by determining the nutrient release amount of the forestry waste layer in real time and combining the nutrient demand amount of the target crop and the initial nutrient amount of the conventional substrate layer to determine the recommended fertilization amount, so that dynamic and accurate matching between the supply of nutrients and the demand of crops can be realized, and the problems of water and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution caused by mismatching between supply and demand can be effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, and in particular to an organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Straw, kitchen waste, garden fruit tree branches and other agricultural and forestry wastes are important organic matter resources. If they are not utilized reasonably, they will cause waste of organic matter resources and environmental pollution, and even affect the efficiency and sustainable development of agricultural production. At present, substrate is one of the important treatment and utilization methods of agricultural and forestry wastes. It is mainly pretreated by crushing and fermentation to convert it into seedling substrate or soilless culture substrate for vegetable, flower seedling and edible fungus cultivation. However, the substrate treatment process of agricultural and forestry wastes has long cycle, high cost and high energy consumption, especially the fermentation and decomposition process directly leads to heat loss and gas emission, causing energy waste and increasing environmental protection pressure. Direct substrate cultivation and utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes can effectively solve the above problems and provide a new idea for the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes. At present, there is a technology (patent application number CN202410355934.0) that utilizes the decomposition reaction of agricultural and forestry wastes to regulate carbon dioxide for crop cultivation. However, this technology belongs to the field of environmental gas fertilizer regulation. At present, in the process of substrate cultivation and fertilization, it is usually dependent on the experience of the grower or the preset irrigation and fertilization system, and the nutrient solution concentration-based timed and quantitative irrigation strategy is used to supply nutrients to crops. Due to the weak water and fertilizer holding capacity of the cultivation substrate, this fertilization method will cause a large amount of leaching and loss of water and fertilizer resources. However, for the mode of directly using agricultural and forestry wastes as organic substrate for cultivation, the conventional nutrient solution concentration-based regulation is used for water and fertilizer management, which does not consider the nutrient supply and utilization potential of the cultivation substrate, and lacks consideration of factors such as decomposition and mineralization of agricultural and forestry wastes, making it difficult to match the actual supply amount of nutrients with the demand amount of crops at different growth stages, which not only affects the yield and quality of crops, but also causes serious resource waste and environmental pollution. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium to solve the defects of water and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution in the prior art.

[0004] The present application provides an organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method, which comprises the following steps:

[0005] According to the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined in real time;

[0006] The nutrient demand amount of the target crop is obtained;

[0007] Based on the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop is determined.

[0008] Fertilize the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount;

[0009] The conventional substrate layer is laid on the agricultural and forestry waste layer, together forming the cultivation substrate for the target crop.

[0010] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention further includes:

[0011] The nutrient content of the circulating fluid is determined based on the volume of the rinsing solution and the nutrient concentration of the rinsing solution.

[0012] Based on the nutrient release rate of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, the recommended fertilization rate for the target crop is determined.

[0013] According to an organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the step of determining the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop based on the nutrient release rate of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirement of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid includes:

[0014] The first effective nutrient supply is determined based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the utilization rate of the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer.

[0015] The second effective nutrient supply is determined based on the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer and the utilization rate of the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer.

[0016] Based on the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, the first effective nutrient supply, the second effective nutrient supply, and the nutrient loss coefficient, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop is determined.

[0017] According to the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the nutrient loss coefficient is determined through the following steps:

[0018] The initial baseline value of the nutrient loss coefficient is determined based on the type of cultivation substrate, the species of the target crop, and its growth stage.

[0019] Obtain the volume of the rinsing solution and the nutrient concentration in the rinsing solution;

[0020] The volume of the leaching solution and the nutrient concentration in the leaching solution are input into the nutrient loss model to obtain the nutrient loss results output by the nutrient loss model.

[0021] The initial baseline value is adjusted based on the nutrient loss results to obtain the nutrient loss coefficient.

[0022] According to the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop is calculated based on the following mathematical model:

[0023] ;

[0024] in, The recommended fertilization amount for the target crop. This is the nutrient loss coefficient; The nutrient requirements of the target crop; The nutrient content of the circulating fluid; This refers to the nutrient release from the aforementioned agricultural and forestry waste layer; The utilization rate of nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer; This refers to the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer; The utilization rate of the initial nutrients in the conventional matrix layer.

[0025] According to an organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the step of determining the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer includes:

[0026] The effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined based on the material temperature and baseline temperature of the layer.

[0027] Based on the effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the cultivation time of the target crop, the accumulated temperature over time is determined;

[0028] Based on the correlation coefficient between the accumulated temperature over time and the first nutrient mineralization amount, the first nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined;

[0029] The nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined based on the correlation coefficient between the first nutrient release amount and the second nutrient mineralization amount.

[0030] According to the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient and the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient are predetermined through the following steps:

[0031] Obtain agricultural and forestry waste samples, and then crush and sieve the agricultural and forestry waste samples;

[0032] Indoor culture experiments were conducted on the agricultural and forestry waste samples after crushing and sieving, under different material temperature conditions.

[0033] The material temperature, cultivation days, and nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste were obtained during the indoor cultivation experiment.

[0034] Based on the material temperature, the number of cultivation days, and the nutrient release amount, the correlation coefficients for the first nutrient mineralization amount and the second nutrient mineralization amount are determined.

[0035] According to the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is calculated based on the following mathematical model:

[0036] ;

[0037] in, For the first i Nutrient release from the Tiannong Forestry waste layer; The material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; Base point temperature; The cultivation time of the target crop; p The correlation coefficient for the first nutrient mineralization. k This is the correlation coefficient for the second nutrient mineralization.

[0038] According to an organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, obtaining the nutrient requirements of the target crop includes:

[0039] Based on the cultivation time of the target crop, the first fitting parameter, and the second fitting parameter, the growth stage parameters are determined.

[0040] The nutrient requirements of the target crop are determined based on the maximum nutrient accumulation of the target crop and the growth stage parameters.

[0041] According to the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by the present invention, the formula for calculating the nutrient requirements of the target crop is as follows:

[0042] ;

[0043] in, The nutrient requirements of the target crop; This represents the maximum nutrient accumulation of the target crop; The cultivation time of the target crop; a The first fitted parameter is... b is the second fitting parameter.

[0044] According to the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer is determined through the following steps:

[0045] The conventional matrix layer is divided into regions, and matrix samples are collected from each region.

[0046] The matrix sample was dried and ground.

[0047] Obtain the unit mass of the main nutrients in the matrix sample after drying and grinding;

[0048] The initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer is determined based on the unit mass of the main nutrients in the matrix sample.

[0049] The present invention also provides an organic substrate cultivation fertilization device, comprising the following modules:

[0050] A substrate cultivation module includes an agricultural and forestry waste layer and a conventional substrate layer laid on the agricultural and forestry waste layer for cultivating target crops;

[0051] A temperature sensing module is used to acquire the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time.

[0052] The control module, electrically connected to the temperature sensing module, is used to determine the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the temperature of the material; obtain the nutrient requirement of the target crop; and determine the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirement of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer.

[0053] The fertilization module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to fertilize the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount determined by the control module.

[0054] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method as described above.

[0055] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method as described above.

[0056] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method as described above.

[0057] The organic substrate cultivation fertilization method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium provided by this invention determine the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time, and combine the nutrient requirements of the target crop and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer to perform quantitative analysis of nutrient supply and demand to determine the recommended fertilization amount. This enables dynamic and precise matching of nutrient supply and crop demand, effectively solving the problems of water and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution caused by supply and demand mismatch. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the recommended fertilization amount for a target crop, provided by the present invention.

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the nutrient loss coefficient provided by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the nutrient release amount of agricultural and forestry waste layers provided by the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the correlation coefficient of nutrient mineralization provided by the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the initial nutrient content of a conventional matrix layer provided by the present invention.

[0065] Figure 7 This is the second flowchart of the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention.

[0066] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate cultivation and fertilization management system based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by the present invention.

[0067] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization device provided by the present invention.

[0068] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0070] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this invention are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, without limiting the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0072] The following is combined Figures 1-10 This invention describes the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method, apparatus, electronic equipment, and storage medium provided by the present invention.

[0073] Figure 1This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the main body for implementing the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention can be a substrate cultivation and fertilization device. Unless otherwise specified, the subsequent embodiments will be described using a substrate cultivation and fertilization device as an example.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, this organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method mainly includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0075] Step 110: Determine the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer.

[0076] The target crop refers to the cultivation object to which the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by the present invention is applicable. For example, the target crop can be vegetables, fruits, flowers, etc. Unless otherwise specified, cucumber will be used as the target crop in the following embodiments.

[0077] The cultivation time of a target crop refers to the cumulative number of days from the start of transplanting or sowing. The cultivation time is a key indicator reflecting the growth stage of the crop. For example, the cultivation time can be the 10th day, the 30th day, or the 50th day after transplanting the target crop.

[0078] Agricultural and forestry waste refers to the residual materials from agricultural or forestry production. This waste is rich in organic matter and can be decomposed and release nutrients under the action of microorganisms. For example, agricultural and forestry waste can be one or more of the following: crop straw, mushroom residue, fallen leaves and branches, and sawdust.

[0079] The material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer refers to the temperature value that reflects the intensity of microbial activity inside the agricultural and forestry waste layer, which is monitored and obtained in real time by temperature sensors. For example, one or more temperature sensors can be deployed in the agricultural and forestry waste layer to obtain the average temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer or the temperature at a specific location.

[0080] Nutrient release from agricultural and forestry waste layers refers to the total amount of nutrients that can be absorbed and utilized by the target crop from the start of cultivation to the current cultivation period, due to the mineralization of agricultural and forestry waste layers by microorganisms. For example, the nutrient release from agricultural and forestry waste layers can be the release of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

[0081] The real-time nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer can be determined by establishing a mathematical model based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the waste layer. For example, the nutrient mineralization rate of specific types of agricultural and forestry waste at different temperatures can be studied in advance through indoor cultivation experiments. Then, the real-time material temperature data is accumulated and calculated to quantify the total intensity of microbial activity. Combined with the current cultivation time, the total nutrient release from the start of cultivation to the current moment can be estimated using a preset mathematical relationship or model.

[0082] Step 120: Obtain the nutrient requirements of the target crop.

[0083] The nutrient requirements of a target crop refer to the cumulative total amount of various nutrient elements that the target crop needs to absorb to maintain its normal growth and development during a specific cultivation period (i.e., a specific growth stage). For example, it can be the cumulative total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium required for the growth of the target crop on the 30th day after transplanting.

[0084] The nutrient requirements of the target crop can be obtained by establishing a predictive model of crop growth and nutrient absorption. For example, based on the growth patterns of a specific type of target crop, a mathematical model can be established that reflects the relationship between its dry matter accumulation and nutrient requirements at different cultivation times. By substituting the current cultivation time as an input parameter into this mathematical model, the nutrient requirements of the target crop at that time point can be calculated.

[0085] Step 130: Based on the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, determine the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop; the conventional substrate layer is laid on the agricultural and forestry waste layer to jointly constitute the cultivation substrate for the target crop.

[0086] A conventional substrate layer refers to a cultivation medium laid on top of an agricultural and forestry waste layer to provide a direct growth environment for the roots of the target crop. It has good aeration, water retention, and fertilizer retention capabilities. For example, a conventional substrate layer can be one or more of peat, sphagnum moss, coconut coir, vermiculite, and perlite, or a mixture thereof.

[0087] The initial nutrient content of a conventional substrate layer refers to the amount of nutrients available to crops that are contained in the conventional substrate layer itself and determined in advance through sampling and testing before cultivation begins. For example, it can be the number of grams of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contained in each liter of conventional substrate.

[0088] The recommended fertilization amount for a target crop refers to the amount of nutrients that need to be supplemented through external fertilization to meet the nutrient requirements of the current growth stage. For example, it can be the specific number of grams or milligrams of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer that need to be supplemented for each target crop during the current irrigation cycle.

[0089] Based on the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop can be determined by establishing a nutrient balance model. For example, the obtained nutrient requirements of the target crop can be taken as the total nutrient requirement, and the real-time determined nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer can be taken as the total nutrient supply. By subtracting the total nutrient supply from the total nutrient requirement, the nutrient deficit at the current growth stage can be obtained. This nutrient deficit is the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop that needs to be supplemented by external fertilization.

[0090] Step 140: Apply fertilizer to the target crop according to the recommended amount.

[0091] Specifically, after determining the required nutrient levels for the target crop, the control module in the substrate cultivation fertilization device generates corresponding fertilization instructions and controls the fertilization module to execute the fertilization operation. This fertilization operation is usually combined with the irrigation process, using a water-fertilizer integration method to deliver nutrient solution containing precise nutrient amounts to the roots of the target crop. For example, if the determined recommended fertilization amount is 150mg of nitrogen and 200mg of potassium per cucumber plant for the current irrigation cycle, the control module will instruct the fertilization module to extract precisely measured amounts of nitrogen and potassium source stock solutions from the corresponding concentrated stock solution tank, mix them thoroughly with a measured amount of irrigation water in a mixing tank, and prepare a nutrient solution that meets the recommended fertilization amount. Subsequently, this nutrient solution is precisely delivered and applied to the root zone substrate of each cucumber plant through drip irrigation pipes and drippers, completing a precise fertilization process.

[0092] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention determines the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time, and combines the nutrient requirements of the target crop and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer to perform quantitative analysis of nutrient supply and demand to determine the recommended fertilization amount. This enables dynamic and precise matching of nutrient supply and crop demand, effectively solving the problems of water and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution caused by supply and demand mismatch.

[0093] In another embodiment of the present invention, the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method further includes: determining the nutrient content of the circulating liquid based on the volume and nutrient concentration of the leaching liquid; and determining the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop based on the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid.

[0094] The volume and nutrient concentration of the leachate refer to the total volume of liquid that seeps out from the bottom of the cultivation substrate and is collected after one or more irrigation and fertilization events, and the concentration of nutrients contained therein. For example, the volume and nutrient concentration of the leachate can be obtained in real time by installing a flow meter and an online water quality sensor (such as a potassium ion sensor) at the collection port at the bottom of the cultivation trough, or by collecting all the leachate over a certain period of time, measuring its total volume, and taking a sample to the laboratory to analyze its nutrient concentration.

[0095] The nutrient content of the circulating liquid refers to the total mass of reusable nutrient elements contained in all collected leachate. It represents the total amount of nutrients that were lost from the previous round of fertilization but can be recovered and reused. For example, if 5 liters of leachate are collected and its nitrogen concentration is measured to be 60 mg / L, then the nitrogen nutrient content of the circulating liquid is 300 mg.

[0096] As an optional embodiment, the nutrient content of the circulating fluid can be calculated as shown in formula (1):

[0097] (1)

[0098] in, This refers to the nutrient content of the circulating fluid; This represents the volume of the eluent. This refers to the nutrient concentration of the rinsing solution.

[0099] Based on the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop can be determined by optimizing the nutrient balance model.

[0100] For example, when determining the total nutrient supply, in addition to considering the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer as nutrient supply sources, the nutrient content of the circulating liquid is also included in the total nutrient supply. Subsequently, by subtracting this more comprehensive total nutrient supply from the total nutrient demand, a more accurate nutrient deficit can be obtained. This nutrient deficit is the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop that needs to be supplemented through external fertilization. By incorporating lost nutrients back into the calculation process in this way, unnecessary fertilization can be further reduced, and nutrient utilization efficiency can be improved.

[0101] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention incorporates the nutrient content of the circulating liquid back into the calculation of the total nutrient supply, enabling a more comprehensive quantification of the available nutrients in the system. This further improves nutrient utilization efficiency and saves fertilizer input costs while achieving supply and demand matching.

[0102] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for determining the recommended fertilization amount for a target crop, as provided by the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, as another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop is determined based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirement of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0103] Step 210: Determine the first effective nutrient supply based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the utilization rate of the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer.

[0104] The first effective nutrient supply refers to the portion of nutrients released from the agricultural and forestry waste layer that can be actually absorbed and utilized by the root system of the target crop. For example, the first effective nutrient supply can be the result of multiplying the nutrient release amount from the agricultural and forestry waste layer by the utilization rate of the nutrient release amount from the agricultural and forestry waste layer.

[0105] Step 220: Determine the second effective nutrient supply based on the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer and the utilization rate of the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer.

[0106] The second effective nutrient supply refers to the portion of the initial nutrients inherent in the conventional substrate layer that can be actually absorbed and utilized by the target crop roots. For example, the second effective nutrient supply can be the result of multiplying the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer by the utilization rate of the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer.

[0107] Step 230: Determine the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop based on the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, the first effective nutrient supply, the second effective nutrient supply, and the nutrient loss coefficient.

[0108] For example, this can be achieved by constructing a nutrient balance model. First, the first effective nutrient supply, the second effective nutrient supply, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid are added together to obtain a total effective nutrient supply. Then, this total effective nutrient supply is subtracted from the nutrient requirements of the target crop to obtain a theoretical net nutrient deficit. Finally, considering that some nutrients will be lost due to volatilization, fixation, or re-leaching during actual fertilization and cannot be fully utilized by the crop, the theoretical net nutrient deficit needs to be divided by the nutrient loss coefficient to obtain a more accurate recommended fertilization amount for the target crop after loss correction.

[0109] The organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by this invention introduces and applies nutrient utilization rate and nutrient loss coefficient, which can refine the effective supply of nutrients in the substrate and the nutrient loss during the fertilization process. This makes the calculation results of the recommended fertilization amount closer to the nutrient transformation and loss patterns under actual cultivation conditions, thereby achieving higher precision fertilization control.

[0110] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the nutrient loss coefficient provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the nutrient loss coefficient is determined through the following steps:

[0111] Step 310: Determine the initial baseline value of the nutrient loss coefficient based on the type of cultivation substrate, the type of target crop, and the growth stage.

[0112] The type of cultivation substrate refers to the physicochemical properties of the cultivation medium, such as porosity, water retention capacity, and cation exchange capacity. These properties affect the retention and loss of nutrients. For example, the cultivation substrate can be a peat substrate with good water and fertilizer retention, or a coconut coir substrate with better aeration but slightly poorer fertilizer retention.

[0113] The growth stage of a target crop refers to the different developmental stages of the target crop. The root vitality and nutrient absorption capacity are different at different stages. For example, it can be divided into the seedling stage, the vegetative growth stage, and the flowering and fruiting stage.

[0114] The initial baseline value of the nutrient loss coefficient refers to an empirical value preset based on historical experience data, scientific research literature or expert knowledge base. It represents an expected efficiency or discount coefficient in the process of nutrient application and effective utilization by crops under specific cultivation conditions. For example, for cucumbers in the fruiting stage, the initial baseline value of the nutrient loss coefficient can be preset to 0.85 when cultivated in coconut coir substrate.

[0115] Step 320: Obtain the volume of the rinsing solution and the nutrient concentration in the rinsing solution.

[0116] Step 330: Input the volume of the leaching solution and the nutrient concentration in the leaching solution into the nutrient loss model to obtain the nutrient loss results output by the nutrient loss model.

[0117] Nutrient loss model refers to a mathematical model used to quantify the actual degree of nutrient leaching loss in the previous fertilization cycle. For example, the nutrient loss model can compare the total amount of nutrients monitored in the leachate with the total amount of fertilizer applied in the previous cycle to calculate the actual nutrient leaching loss rate.

[0118] Nutrient loss results refer to the quantitative indicators output by the nutrient loss model that can characterize the actual nutrient loss situation. For example, if the total nitrogen application in the previous cycle was 1000 mg, and the nitrogen content in the leachate collected this time was 180 mg, then the nutrient loss result output by the nutrient loss model can be 18%.

[0119] Step 340: Adjust the initial baseline value based on the nutrient loss results to obtain the nutrient loss coefficient.

[0120] For example, if the initial baseline value is 0.85, and the nutrient loss results indicate that the actual loss rate is 18% (i.e., the actual utilization rate is close to 82%), the initial baseline value can be lowered to 0.82, or the initial baseline value and the actual utilization rate can be calculated using a weighted average algorithm to obtain a more stable final nutrient loss coefficient that better reflects recent trends, which can then be used to calculate the recommended fertilization amount.

[0121] The organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by this invention establishes a closed-loop feedback mechanism based on the actual nutrient loss of the leachate, and dynamically adjusts the nutrient loss coefficient, enabling the fertilization recommendation to have adaptive correction capabilities, thereby improving the response speed and accuracy of fertilization decisions to changes in the actual cultivation environment.

[0122] As an optional embodiment, the method for calculating the recommended fertilizer application rate for the target crop is shown in formula (2):

[0123] (2)

[0124] in, Recommended fertilizer application rate for the target crop. This is the nutrient loss coefficient; The nutrient requirements of the target crop; This refers to the nutrient content of the circulating fluid; Nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer; The utilization rate of nutrient release from agricultural and forestry waste layers; This represents the initial nutrient content of a conventional matrix layer; This represents the utilization rate of the initial nutrients in a conventional matrix layer.

[0125] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention integrates key parameters such as crop demand, multi-source supply, and loss coefficient into a clear mathematical model, which can provide a standard quantitative basis for calculating the recommended fertilization amount, thereby significantly improving the operability and accuracy in the automated control system.

[0126] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the nutrient release from agricultural and forestry waste layers provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4As shown, as another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0127] Step 410: Determine the effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer based on the material temperature and baseline temperature of the waste layer.

[0128] The baseline temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer refers to the minimum threshold temperature required for microorganisms to begin effective decomposition activities in the agricultural and forestry waste. Below this baseline temperature, microbial activity is considered to have essentially ceased. For example, depending on the type of waste material and the microbial community, the baseline temperature can be 10°C or 15°C. As a preferred embodiment, the baseline temperature is 15°C.

[0129] The effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer refers to the sum of daily temperature values ​​above the baseline temperature during the cultivation period. For example, the effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer can be calculated by summing the daily real-time monitoring differences between the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the baseline temperature.

[0130] Step 420: Determine the accumulated temperature over time based on the effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the cultivation time of the target crop.

[0131] Accumulated temperature over time combines effective accumulated temperature and cultivation time to comprehensively characterize the dual driving forces of time and temperature on nutrient mineralization processes. For example, accumulated temperature over time can be obtained by multiplying the effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer by the cultivation time of the target crop.

[0132] Step 430: Determine the first nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer based on the correlation coefficient between accumulated temperature over time and first nutrient mineralization amount;

[0133] The first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient refers to an empirical index coefficient used to characterize the nonlinear relationship between accumulated temperature over time and nutrient release. This first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient is usually determined through indoor culture experiments.

[0134] The first nutrient release is an intermediate calculation result that reflects the non-linear growth trend of nutrient release. For example, the first nutrient release can be obtained by exponentiation using the cumulative time and temperature as the base and the correlation coefficient of the first nutrient mineralization as the exponent.

[0135] Step 440: Determine the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer based on the correlation coefficient between the first nutrient release amount and the second nutrient mineralization amount.

[0136] The second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient refers to a proportionality or scaling factor used to convert intermediate calculation results into actual nutrient release mass. This second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient is also calibrated through indoor incubation experiments, and its unit is related to the unit of the final nutrient release amount. The nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer can be obtained by multiplying the first nutrient release amount by the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient.

[0137] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention decomposes the calculation process of nutrient release from agricultural and forestry waste into multiple logical steps to determine the effective accumulated temperature, accumulated temperature over time, and intermediate release amount. This provides a clear and feasible technical path for estimating the nutrient release amount, thereby improving the rigor and reliability of the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method.

[0138] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for determining the correlation coefficient of nutrient mineralization provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, in another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient and the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient are predetermined through the following steps:

[0139] Step 510: Obtain agricultural and forestry waste samples and crush and sieve the samples.

[0140] Agricultural and forestry waste samples refer to a representative batch of agricultural and forestry waste materials. For example, if corn stalks are planned to be used as the agricultural and forestry waste layer in actual cultivation, then this sample is a batch of corn stalks. By crushing and sieving the agricultural and forestry waste samples, the surface area for microbial reaction is increased, making the experimental results more representative.

[0141] Step 520: Based on the agricultural and forestry waste samples after crushing and sieving, an indoor culture experiment was conducted under different material temperature conditions.

[0142] Indoor incubation experiments under different material temperature conditions refer to simulating the natural decomposition process of agricultural and forestry waste under controlled laboratory conditions and examining the impact of temperature, a key variable, on this process. For example, multiple samples of treated agricultural and forestry waste can be placed in incubation containers, and their moisture content can be adjusted and maintained to a specific level (such as 60% of the maximum water holding capacity). These incubation containers are then placed in incubators set with different constant temperatures, such as 15℃, 25℃, and 35℃, for parallel experiments.

[0143] Step 530: Obtain the material temperature, cultivation days, and nutrient release of agricultural and forestry waste during the indoor cultivation experiment.

[0144] For example, during indoor cultivation experiments, destructive samples can be taken from cultivation containers treated at different temperatures at regular intervals (e.g., every 10 days). The content of mineralized nutrients (such as nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen) in the samples can be determined by chemical analysis methods such as potassium chloride extraction. This yields measured data on nutrient release at different cultivation days and corresponding material temperatures (i.e., the incubator set temperature).

[0145] Step 540: Based on material temperature, number of cultivation days, and nutrient release, determine the correlation coefficient of the first nutrient mineralization and the correlation coefficient of the second nutrient mineralization.

[0146] For example, multiple sets of measured material temperature, cultivation days, and nutrient release data can be substituted into a preset mathematical model, and statistical analysis software can be used for fitting calculations to solve for the first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient and the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient that minimize the error between the model's predicted value and the experimental measured value.

[0147] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention provides a calibration method based on indoor cultivation experiments for the correlation coefficients in the nutrient release mathematical model, which can ensure that the parameters of the nutrient release mathematical model have objective experimental basis, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the prediction results of nutrient release from agricultural and forestry waste.

[0148] As an optional embodiment, the method for calculating the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer is shown in formula (3):

[0149] (3)

[0150] in, For the first i Nutrient release from the Tiannong Forestry waste layer; The material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; Base point temperature; The cultivation period for the target crop; p The correlation coefficient for the first nutrient mineralization. k This is the correlation coefficient for the second nutrient mineralization.

[0151] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention integrates key factors such as cultivation time, effective accumulated temperature, and mineralization correlation coefficient into a clear mathematical model, which can provide a standard and unambiguous quantitative basis for calculating the nutrient release of agricultural and forestry waste layers, thereby significantly improving the automation and accuracy of the nutrient release prediction process.

[0152] In another embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the nutrient requirements of a target crop includes: determining growth stage parameters based on the cultivation time of the target crop, a first fitting parameter, and a second fitting parameter; and determining the nutrient requirements of the target crop based on the maximum value of the cumulative nutrient amount of the target crop and the growth stage parameters.

[0153] For example, crop dry matter and nutrient uptake data at different cultivation times can be obtained in advance through crop growth experiments. Then, the maximum nutrient accumulation, first fitting parameter, and second fitting parameter for a specific crop can be obtained through nonlinear fitting. When determining the growth stage parameters, the current cultivation time, first fitting parameter, and second fitting parameter can be substituted into a preset exponential function for calculation. After determining the growth stage parameters, the nutrient requirement of the target crop at the current growth stage can be obtained by dividing the pre-obtained maximum nutrient accumulation by the growth stage parameter.

[0154] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention decomposes the calculation process of crop nutrient requirements into two logical steps: determining growth stage parameters and final requirements. This provides a clear and feasible technical path for estimating crop nutrient requirements, thereby improving the scientificity and reliability of the estimation results.

[0155] As an optional embodiment, the nutrient requirements of the target crop can be calculated as shown in formula (4):

[0156] (4)

[0157] in, The nutrient requirements of the target crop; This represents the maximum nutrient accumulation of the target crop. The cultivation period for the target crop; a The first fitted parameter is... b is the second fitting parameter.

[0158] The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention uses a mathematical model to calculate the nutrient requirements of crops, which can provide a standardized mathematical basis for predicting nutrient requirements that conforms to the laws of biological growth, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and scientific nature of the nutrient requirement prediction results.

[0159] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining the initial nutrient content of a conventional matrix layer provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, in another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer is determined by the following steps:

[0160] Step 610: Divide the conventional matrix layer into regions and collect matrix samples from each region.

[0161] For example, a multi-point mixed sampling method can be used. Multiple sampling points are randomly selected in the conventional matrix layer to be tested in an S-shaped or checkerboard pattern. Matrix samples from the surface to the bottom layer at the same depth are taken and thoroughly mixed to form a representative mixed sample.

[0162] Step 620: Dry and grind the matrix sample.

[0163] By drying and grinding the matrix sample, moisture interference is removed and the sample homogeneity is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent chemical analysis.

[0164] Step 630: Obtain the unit mass of the main nutrients in the dried and ground matrix sample.

[0165] For example, the content of major nutrients such as available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in a sample can be determined by chemical analysis methods. For instance, the Kjeldahl method can be used to determine total nitrogen, the molybdenum blue colorimetric method can be used to determine available phosphorus, and the flame photometry method can be used to determine available potassium, thereby obtaining the nutrient content per unit mass of matrix sample.

[0166] Step 640: Determine the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer based on the unit mass of the main nutrients in the matrix sample.

[0167] For example, the total initial nutrient content in the entire conventional matrix layer can be calculated by multiplying the measured nutrient content per unit mass by the pre-determined bulk density of the conventional matrix and the total volume of the entire conventional matrix layer.

[0168] The organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided by this invention provides a standardized measurement method including sampling, pretreatment and chemical analysis for obtaining the initial nutrients of the conventional substrate layer, which can ensure that the initial nutrients of the conventional substrate layer have an objective measurement basis, thereby improving the accuracy of fertilization.

[0169] Figure 7 This is the second flowchart illustrating the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 7As shown, in step S1, the initial nutrient concentration of the cultivation substrate layer is determined based on the type and composition of the substrate, serving as a source of nutrient supply. Next, in step S2, the nutrient release from the decomposition of agricultural and forestry waste is calculated and determined based on the current cultivation time and real-time monitored material layer temperature. Simultaneously, in step S3, the nutrient content in the reusable circulating liquid is determined based on the volume and nutrient concentration of the leaching solution from the substrate cultivation system, including any lost nutrients in the calculation. Then, in step S4, the nutrient requirements of the crop at that stage are determined based on the crop type and its growth stage, serving as a target for nutrient demand. Finally, in step S5, based on the principle of nutrient balance, a balance calculation is performed by integrating the determined nutrient supply and nutrient demand to determine the final nutrient supply required for the crop, i.e., the recommended fertilization amount.

[0170] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate cultivation and fertilization management system based on agricultural and forestry waste provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the substrate cultivation and fertilization management system based on agricultural and forestry waste includes a cooperative cultivation trough subsystem, a circulating liquid monitoring subsystem, and a fertilization management subsystem.

[0171] Specifically, the cultivation trough system is the physical carrier for crop growth. It mainly consists of the cultivation trough body, the cultivation substrate laid in the trough body, and agricultural and forestry waste, with the agricultural and forestry waste located below the cultivation substrate layer. At the bottom of the cultivation trough body, there is a mesh screen and a drainage pipe to separate the leaching liquid generated during cultivation from the substrate and guide it to the circulating liquid monitoring subsystem.

[0172] The circulating fluid monitoring subsystem is responsible for collecting, processing, and analyzing the leachate. It includes a collection device for receiving and temporarily storing the leachate; a disinfection device for sterilizing the recovered leachate to prevent disease transmission; testing devices (e.g., including various water quality sensors) for detecting key parameters such as nutrient concentration and pH value in the leachate; and circulating fluid pipelines for transporting the liquid. The data detected by this subsystem is transmitted to the fertilizer management subsystem.

[0173] The fertilization management subsystem includes a power system (such as a water pump) that provides power for liquid transport; a flow monitoring system for accurately measuring the amount of fertilizer applied; a valve control system for controlling the direction and on / off of the liquid; and a control system. The control system receives data from the circulating liquid monitoring subsystem and the cultivation tank subsystem, calculates the recommended amount of fertilizer, generates control commands, and ultimately completes the precise fertilizer mixing and application operations by driving the power system and the valve control system.

[0174] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization device provided by the present invention, as shown below.Figure 9 As shown, it mainly includes, but is not limited to:

[0175] The substrate cultivation module 910 includes an agricultural and forestry waste layer and a conventional substrate layer laid on top of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, used for cultivating target crops;

[0176] Temperature sensing module 920 is used to acquire the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time.

[0177] The control module 930 is electrically connected to the temperature sensing module and is used to determine the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature; obtain the nutrient requirements of the target crop; and determine the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer.

[0178] The fertilization module 940 is electrically connected to the control module and is used to fertilize the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount determined by the control module.

[0179] It should be noted that the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization device provided by the present invention can perform the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method described in any of the above embodiments during specific operation, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0180] The organic substrate cultivation fertilization device provided by this invention determines the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time, and combines the nutrient requirements of the target crop and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer to perform quantitative analysis of nutrient supply and demand to determine the recommended fertilization amount. This enables dynamic and precise matching of nutrient supply and crop demand, effectively solving the problems of water and fertilizer waste and environmental pollution caused by supply and demand mismatch.

[0181] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 10As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 1010, a communications interface 1020, a memory 1030, and a communication bus 1040, wherein the processor 1010, the communications interface 1020, and the memory 1030 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1040. The processor 1010 can call logical instructions in the memory 1030 to execute an organic substrate cultivation fertilization method, which includes: determining the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; obtaining the nutrient requirements of the target crop; determining the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer; fertilizing the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount; and laying the conventional substrate layer on the agricultural and forestry waste layer to jointly constitute the cultivation substrate of the target crop.

[0182] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 1030 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0183] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is able to execute the organic substrate cultivation fertilization method provided in the above embodiments, the method comprising: determining the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time according to the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; obtaining the nutrient requirements of the target crop; determining the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer; fertilizing the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount; and laying the conventional substrate layer on the agricultural and forestry waste layer to jointly constitute the cultivation substrate of the target crop.

[0184] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method provided in the above embodiments. The method includes: determining the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; obtaining the nutrient requirements of the target crop; determining the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer; fertilizing the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount; and laying the conventional substrate layer on the agricultural and forestry waste layer to jointly constitute the cultivation substrate of the target crop.

[0185] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0186] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0187] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation, characterized in that, include: The nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer. Obtain the nutrient requirements of the target crop; Based on the nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop is determined. Fertilize the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount; The conventional substrate layer is laid on the agricultural and forestry waste layer, together forming the cultivation substrate of the target crop; The nutrient release rate of the agricultural and forestry waste layer was calculated based on the following mathematical model: ； in, This represents the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer on day i. The material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; Base point temperature; is the cultivation time of the target crop; p is the first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient, and k is the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient; The first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient and the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient are predetermined through the following steps: Obtain agricultural and forestry waste samples, and then crush and sieve the agricultural and forestry waste samples; Indoor culture experiments were conducted on the agricultural and forestry waste samples after crushing and sieving, under different material temperature conditions. The material temperature, cultivation days, and nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste were obtained during the indoor cultivation experiment. Based on the material temperature, the number of cultivation days, and the nutrient release amount, the correlation coefficients for the first nutrient mineralization amount and the second nutrient mineralization amount are determined.

2. The method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The nutrient content of the circulating fluid is determined based on the volume of the rinsing solution and the nutrient concentration of the rinsing solution. Based on the nutrient release rate of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, the recommended fertilization rate for the target crop is determined.

3. The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of determining the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop based on the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer, and the nutrient content of the circulating liquid includes: The first effective nutrient supply is determined based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the utilization rate of the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer. The second effective nutrient supply is determined based on the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer and the utilization rate of the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer. Based on the nutrient requirements of the target crop, the nutrient content of the circulating liquid, the first effective nutrient supply, the second effective nutrient supply, and the nutrient loss coefficient, the recommended fertilization amount for the target crop is determined.

4. The organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nutrient loss coefficient is determined through the following steps: The initial baseline value of the nutrient loss coefficient is determined based on the type of cultivation substrate, the species of the target crop, and its growth stage. Obtain the volume of the rinsing solution and the nutrient concentration in the rinsing solution; The volume of the leaching solution and the nutrient concentration in the leaching solution are input into the nutrient loss model to obtain the nutrient loss results output by the nutrient loss model. The initial baseline value is adjusted based on the nutrient loss results to obtain the nutrient loss coefficient.

5. The method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The recommended fertilization rate for the target crop is calculated based on the following mathematical model: ； in, The recommended fertilization amount for the target crop. This is the nutrient loss coefficient; The nutrient requirements of the target crop; The nutrient content of the circulating fluid; This refers to the nutrient release from the aforementioned agricultural and forestry waste layer; The utilization rate of nutrient release from the aforementioned agricultural and forestry waste layer; This refers to the initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer; The utilization rate of the initial nutrients in the conventional matrix layer.

6. The method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the nutrient release rate of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the material temperature of the waste layer includes: The effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined based on the material temperature and baseline temperature of the layer. Based on the effective accumulated temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer and the cultivation time of the target crop, the accumulated temperature over time is determined; Based on the correlation coefficient between the accumulated temperature over time and the first nutrient mineralization amount, the first nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined; The nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer is determined based on the correlation coefficient between the first nutrient release amount and the second nutrient mineralization amount.

7. The method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the nutrient requirements of the target crop includes: Based on the cultivation time of the target crop, the first fitting parameter, and the second fitting parameter, the growth stage parameters are determined. The nutrient requirements of the target crop are determined based on the maximum nutrient accumulation of the target crop and the growth stage parameters.

8. The method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the nutrient requirements of the target crop is as follows: ； in, The nutrient requirements of the target crop; This represents the maximum nutrient accumulation of the target crop; denoted as the cultivation time of the target crop; a is the first fitting parameter, and b is the second fitting parameter.

9. The method for fertilizing organic substrate cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer was determined through the following steps: The conventional matrix layer is divided into regions, and matrix samples are collected from each region. The matrix sample was dried and ground. Obtain the unit mass of the main nutrients in the matrix sample after drying and grinding; The initial nutrient content of the conventional matrix layer is determined based on the unit mass of the main nutrients in the matrix sample.

10. An organic substrate cultivation and fertilization device, characterized in that, include: A substrate cultivation module includes an agricultural and forestry waste layer and a conventional substrate layer laid on the agricultural and forestry waste layer for cultivating target crops; A temperature sensing module is used to acquire the material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time. The control module, electrically connected to the temperature sensing module, is used to determine the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer in real time based on the cultivation time of the target crop and the temperature of the material; obtain the nutrient requirement of the target crop; and determine the recommended fertilization amount of the target crop based on the nutrient release amount of the agricultural and forestry waste layer, the nutrient requirement of the target crop, and the initial nutrient content of the conventional substrate layer. The nutrient release rate of the agricultural and forestry waste layer was calculated based on the following mathematical model: ； in, This represents the nutrient release from the agricultural and forestry waste layer on day i. The material temperature of the agricultural and forestry waste layer; Base point temperature; is the cultivation time of the target crop; p is the first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient, and k is the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient; The first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient and the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient are predetermined through the following steps: Obtain agricultural and forestry waste samples, and then crush and sieve the agricultural and forestry waste samples; Indoor culture experiments were conducted on the agricultural and forestry waste samples after crushing and sieving, under different material temperature conditions. The material temperature, cultivation days, and nutrient release of the agricultural and forestry waste were obtained during the indoor cultivation experiment. Based on the material temperature, the number of cultivation days, and the nutrient release amount, determine the first nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient and the second nutrient mineralization correlation coefficient; The fertilization module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to fertilize the target crop according to the recommended fertilization amount determined by the control module.

11. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the organic substrate cultivation and fertilization method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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