Lightweight non-stick cooker and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-weight non-stick cooker and a manufacturing method thereof. The light-weight non-stick cooker comprises an aluminum-based pot body and an in-pot functional layer. The in-pot functional layer is a composite layer formed by performing nitrogen oxidation treatment on a cold spraying Fe-Ti-Cu alloy, and comprises a TiN phase and a dispersion copper phase; the functional layer in the pot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 63-68% of iron element; 28-32% of a titanium element; and 3.5 to 5.0 percent of copper element. According to the light-weight non-stick cooker and the manufacturing method thereof, the light-weight non-stick cooker has the advantages of being light in weight, hard, resistant to abrasion, uniform in heat conduction, good in magnetic conduction effect, good in anti-rust effect and free of perforation corrosion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cookware surface treatment, and more particularly to a lightweight non-stick cookware and a manufacturing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of modern kitchen utensils, the performance of cookware directly affects the cooking efficiency, user experience and food safety, so the research on cookware materials and manufacturing processes has always been the focus of the industry. The main cookware materials on the market currently mainly include aluminum alloy, iron, stainless steel, etc., but all kinds of materials have obvious performance short boards. Aluminum alloy cookware is widely used due to its small density and light weight, but its surface hardness is low, and scratches and wear are easy to occur. The destruction of the surface oxide layer after long-term use will cause metal ions to precipitate, affecting food safety. At the same time, pure aluminum does not have magnetic permeability and cannot be adapted to mainstream heating equipment such as induction cookers, so it needs to be combined with a magnetic permeability layer to achieve heating compatibility, increasing the production complexity and cost. Traditional iron pots have good magnetic permeability and wear resistance, but they are heavy and uneven in heat conduction during use, causing local food to be burnt. In addition, the surface of the iron pot is prone to rust after long-term use, and frequent maintenance is required to maintain the anti-rust performance. Although stainless steel cookware solves the problem of rust, its high density makes it heavy and its heat conduction performance is poor, often requiring a bottom aluminum layer to improve heat conduction, which not only increases the process steps, but also may cause delamination and failure due to poor interlayer bonding. In addition, the non-stick performance of existing cookware is mainly achieved by using organic coatings such as Teflon. Such coatings have limited high-temperature resistance and are prone to decomposition and the generation of harmful substances under long-term high-temperature use. In addition, the hardness of such coatings is low and they are easily scratched by hard objects, thereby losing their non-stick effect. Therefore, developing a lightweight, high-hardness, wear-resistant, rust-resistant, and uniform heat-conducting cookware has become a key direction to solve the defects of existing technology. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a lightweight non-stick cookware and a manufacturing method thereof, which has the advantages of light weight, hardness, wear resistance, uniform heat conduction, good rust prevention effect, and corrosion resistance. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a lightweight non-stick cookware, comprising: an aluminum-based pot body; a pot inner functional layer, which is a composite layer formed by cold spraying Fe-Ti-Cu alloy and nitrogen oxide treatment, and contains TiN phase and dispersed copper phase, and is arranged on the inner surface of the pot body; The pot inner functional layer contains, by mass percentage: 63-68% of iron element; 28-32% of titanium element; 3.5-5.0% of copper element. By adopting the technical scheme, the aluminum-based pot body provides a lightweight basis, and after the Fe-Ti-Cu alloy layer formed by cold spraying is treated by nitriding, titanium elements combine with nitrogen to form a high-hardness TiN phase (microhardness can reach 1800-2200HV), which significantly improves the surface wear resistance; the dispersed copper phase (3.5-5.0% by mass) can build a continuous heat conduction path, which, in combination with the high heat conduction characteristics of the aluminum base, realizes the improvement of the overall heat conduction uniformity of the cooker; the iron element as the base phase ensures the magnetic permeability, so that the cooker can be adapted to mainstream heating equipment such as an electromagnetic oven, without the need for an additional magnetic permeability layer. The nitriding treatment forms a Fe3O4-TiO2 composite oxide film on the surface of the functional layer in the pot, according to the surface energy theory, the synergistic effect of TiO2 (surface energy about 45-50 mN / m) and Fe3O4 (surface energy about 50-55 mN / m) can control the surface energy to below 60 mN / m, which is lower than the surface energy of oil and water in food, realizing the liquid-repellent effect of increasing the liquid contact angle, thereby producing the non-stick property. At the same time, the nano-level protrusions of the TiN phase form a micro-nano composite structure, reducing the actual contact area between food and the pot body, further reducing the adhesion, solving the problem of food adhesion caused by the high surface energy of traditional cookers.

[0004] Further, the composition of the functional layer in the pot is: Iron element: 66±0.5%; Titanium element: 30±0.5%; Copper element: 4±0.2%. By adopting the technical scheme, the optimized element ratio (Fe 66±0.5%, Ti 30±0.5%, Cu 4±0.2%) forms a more stable three-phase equilibrium structure, the TiN phase generation amount is controlled in the optimal interval of 35-45vol%, which not only avoids the increase of brittleness caused by too high titanium content, but also prevents the decrease of rust resistance caused by too high iron content, and at the same time, the uniform and dispersed distribution of the copper phase can maximize the heat conduction gain, so that the surface hardness and heat conduction coefficient of the cooker are improved.

[0005] Further, the phase structure of the functional layer in the pot comprises: TiN phase proportion 35~45vol%; Copper phase particle size 0.5~1.5μm; Porosity 1.5~2.5%. By adopting the technical scheme, the performance is synergistically optimized by the precisely controlled phase structure parameters (TiN phase 35-45vol%, copper phase particle size 0.5-1.5μm, porosity 1.5-2.5%): the submicron copper phase particle strengthens the grain boundary heat conduction effect, and the low porosity ensures the interlayer bonding strength > 30MPa; the TiN phase forms a continuous wear-resistant skeleton, and cooperates with the dense oxide layer (thickness 3-5μm) to build a double protection system, and the salt spray test shows that the corrosion resistance is improved to 500 hours without rust. Further, the outer surface of the pot is provided with an outer pot functional layer, which is a composite layer formed by cold spraying Fe-Cr alloy and nitrogen oxide treatment. By adopting the technical scheme, the outer pot Fe-Cr alloy layer forms a Cr2O3 passivation film after nitrogen oxide treatment, and forms an internal and external synergistic protection with the TiN layer in the pot, and the Cr element preferentially forms a dense oxide layer in the oxidation process, which significantly improves the overall weather resistance of the cookware, especially the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the contact area between the pot bottom and the stove. Further, the outer pot functional layer contains, by mass percentage: Iron element: 78~82%; Chromium element: 18~22%. By adopting the technical scheme, the golden ratio of 80±0.5% iron and 20±0.5% chromium makes the outer pot layer form an α-Fe (Cr) solid solution, and the uniform distribution of chromium elements ensures the formation of a continuous Cr2O3 film (coverage > 99%) after oxidation treatment, and the oxidation weight gain after 1000℃ high-temperature cycle test is significantly reduced compared with traditional stainless steel cookware. Further, the composition of the outer pot functional layer is preferably: Iron element: 80±0.5%; Chromium element: 20±0.5%. By adopting the technical scheme, the cold spraying process realizes the synchronous construction of the double-sided functional layer of the pot, the Fe-Ti-Cu layer inside the pot focuses on wear resistance, heat conduction and non-stickness, and the Fe-Cr layer outside the pot strengthens the rust resistance and weather resistance, and the two alloy systems form a metallurgical bond through the high-speed particle deposition (speed 300-500m / s) of cold spraying, the interlayer bonding strength is increased by 2-3 times compared with the traditional electroplating process, and the risk of coating falling off during use is avoided. In a second aspect, the application provides a manufacturing method of a lightweight non-stick cookware, comprising the following steps: Forming an aluminum-based pot blank; Cold spraying: spraying Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder on the inner surface of the pot; Composite heat treatment: nitriding treatment and oxidation treatment; The Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder contains, by mass percentage: Iron element: 63~68%; Titanium element: 28~32%; Copper element: 3.5~5.0%; Preferably, the Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder is: Iron powder: 66±0.5%; Titanium powder: 30±0.5%; Copper powder: 4±0.2%. By adopting the above technical solution, the strictly controlled powder particle size ensures sufficient plastic deformation of particles during cold spraying, 80% iron phase ensures the continuity of magnetic conduction, and 20% chromium phase uniformly distributed provides sufficient Cr source for the oxidation layer. Cross-section analysis shows that the powder deposition efficiency is more than 85%, and the coating density is greater than 97%. Further, the cold spraying coating further comprises Fe-Cr mixed powder sprayed on the outer surface of the pot.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the stepwise composite heat treatment realizes precise performance control: nitriding at 530-570℃ makes titanium preferentially form TiN strengthening phase, and the nitrogen potential control ensures the uniformity of the phase structure; oxidation at 480-520℃ forms a Fe3O4 / TiO2 composite oxide film on the surface layer, the thickness is controlled at 2-3μm to realize the non-stick effect, and the oxidation layer is gradiently combined with the base layer to avoid the problem of high-temperature decomposition of traditional organic coatings. Further, the Fe-Cr mixed powder contains, by mass percentage: Iron powder: 75~85%, particle size 25~45μm; Chromium powder: 15~25%, particle size 15~35μm; Preferably, the Fe-Cr mixed powder is: Iron powder: 80±0.5%; Chromium powder: 20±0.5%. By adopting the above technical solution, the cold spraying process realizes synchronous construction of the functional layers on both sides of the pot, the Fe-Ti-Cu layer inside the pot focuses on wear resistance and heat conduction, the Fe-Cr layer outside the pot strengthens the rust resistance and weather resistance, and the two alloy systems form metallurgical bonding through the high-speed particle deposition (speed 300-500m / s) of cold spraying, the interlayer bonding strength is increased by 2-3 times compared with traditional electroplating process, and the risk of coating falling off during use is avoided. Further, the composite heat treatment specifically comprises: Nitriding treatment: 530~570℃ for 8~12 hours, nitrogen potential KN=1.5~3.0; Oxidation treatment: 480~520℃ for 1~3 hours, oxygen partial pressure 0.05~0.2atm; Preferably, the heat treatment parameters are: Nitriding: 550±5℃ for 10±0.5 hours, KN=2.0~2.5; Oxidation: 500±5℃ for 1.5±0.3 hours. By adopting the technical scheme, the stepwise composite heat treatment realizes precise performance regulation: nitriding at 530-570℃ makes titanium preferentially form TiN strengthening phase, and the nitrogen potential control ensures the uniformity of the phase structure; oxidation at 480-520℃ forms a Fe3O4 / TiO2 composite oxide film on the surface layer, the thickness of which is controlled at 2-3μm to realize the non-stick effect, and the oxidation layer is gradiently combined with the base layer to avoid the problem of high-temperature decomposition of traditional organic coatings. In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Material system innovation: the Fe-Ti-Cu ternary alloy cold spraying + nitrogen-oxidation composite process is first created, through the synergistic effect of TiN hard phase, Cu thermal conductivity phase and Fe magnetic conductivity phase, the mutual restriction of single material in hardness, thermal conductivity and magnetic conductivity performance is broken through, and the unity of lightweight and multifunctionality is realized. 2. Process synergy optimization: the high-speed deposition characteristics of cold spraying are combined with stepwise nitrogen-oxidation treatment to solve the problem of oxidation burning loss of traditional thermal spraying, and through phase structure regulation, the functional layer has both hardness above HV 1800 and thermal conductivity coefficient above 65W / (m·K), and the wear resistance of the existing aluminum alloy cookware is improved by more than 5 times.

[0007] 3. Protection system upgrade: a double protection network of TiN / oxidation layer in the pot and Cr2O3 oxidation layer outside the pot is constructed, the salt mist resistance is above 500 hours, the industry pain points of iron pot rusting and aluminum pot corrosion are solved, there is no risk of organic coating falling off, and the upper limit of the use temperature is increased to above 400℃. 4. Cost benefit improvement: the integrated cold spraying process replaces the traditional multi-layer composite structure of “aluminum base + magnetic conductivity layer + non-stick coating”, the production process is reduced by more than 30%, the functional layer thickness is controlled at 50-80μm, the material utilization rate is increased to more than 90%, and the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced. 5. Application scenario expansion: it has the lightweight of aluminum alloy (the weight is reduced by 40% compared with the same size iron pot), the magnetic conductivity performance of iron pot and the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and can be adapted to various heating methods such as open flame and induction cooker, and meets the diversified use demands of modern kitchen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0009] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0010] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the shown orientation or positional relationship, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0011] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. The features in the following embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0012] Embodiment 1: Basic lightweight non-stick cookware The embodiment discloses a lightweight non-stick cookware, comprising an aluminum-based pot body and a pot inner functional layer. The pot inner functional layer is formed by a composite layer of a cold sprayed Fe-Ti-Cu alloy treated by nitridation and oxidation, and contains TiN phase and dispersed copper phase. The pot inner functional layer contains, by mass percentage: iron element: 63-68%; titanium element: 28-32%; and copper element: 3.5-5.0%. The lightweight non-stick cookware of the embodiment has the advantages of light weight, hard wear resistance, uniform heat conduction, good non-stick performance, magnetic conductivity, rust prevention, and no perforation corrosion.

[0013] In some embodiments, further, the components of the pot inner functional layer are: Iron element: 66±0.5%; Titanium element: 30±0.5%; Copper element: 4±0.2%.

[0014] The phase structure of the pot inner functional layer contains: TiN phase accounts for 35-45vol%; Copper phase particle size: 0.5-1.5μm; Porosity 1.5~2.5%.

[0015] The corresponding optimized phase structure parameters are: TiN phase accounts for 35~45vol%, microhardness reaches 1800-2200HV, and surface wear resistance is significantly improved; The copper phase particle size is controlled at 0.5~1.5μm, and is uniformly dispersed to strengthen heat conduction, so that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the functional layer is improved to 65-70 W / (m・K); Porosity 1.5~2.5%, ensuring interlayer bonding strength >30MPa, and avoiding coating falling off during use.

[0016] The lightweight non-stick cookware of the embodiment realizes the comprehensive advantages of light weight, hard wear resistance, uniform heat conduction, good non-stick performance, strong magnetic compatibility, rust prevention and anti-puncture corrosion resistance.

[0017] For further explanation of the technical effects and creativity of the present application, the following comparative analysis is carried out through multiple examples and comparative examples. All examples and comparative examples use the same manufacturing process parameters, and only the material components of the functional layer are changed.

[0018] Example 1-1: basic component Component: iron 63%, titanium 32%, copper 5.0%; Phase structure: TiN phase 35vol%, copper phase particle size 1.5μm, porosity 2.5%.

[0019] Example 1-2: preferred component Component: iron 66%, titanium 30%, copper 4%; Phase structure: TiN phase 40vol%, copper phase particle size 1.0μm, porosity 2.0%.

[0020] Example 1-3: upper limit component Component: iron 68%, titanium 28%, copper 4.5%; Phase structure: TiN phase 38vol%, copper phase particle size 0.8μm, porosity 1.8%.

[0021] Comparative Example 1-1: too high iron content Component: iron 75%, titanium 20%, copper 5%.

[0022] Comparative Example 1-2: too high titanium content Component: iron 55%, titanium 40%, copper 5%.

[0023] Comparative Example 1-3: too low copper content Composition: iron 66%, titanium 30%, copper 2%.

[0024] Table 1 Comparison of in-pot functional layer (Fe-Ti-Cu alloy system): Innovative comparison analysis of examples and comparative examples: 1. Creative breakthrough of component design Examples 1-1 to 1-3 limit the ternary proportion range of iron element 63~68%, titanium element 28~32%, and copper element 3.5~5.0%. This design is not a simple element stacking, but an innovative application based on the principle of "precise control of functional phase". Iron is used as the base phase to construct the magnetic flux path, titanium forms TiN hard phase through nitriding to provide wear resistance, and copper forms a thermal conduction network with dispersed particles. The three elements need to form a strict proportion balance: when the iron content exceeds 68% (such as comparative example 1-1 containing 75% iron), the TiN phase occupies 20vol%, the surface hardness drops to HV 1200, and the wear resistance is only 50,000 times; when the titanium content exceeds 32% (such as comparative example 1-2 containing 40% titanium), although the hardness reaches HV 2100, the alloy brittleness increases, causing cracks in the bending test, and the thermal conductivity coefficient decreases to 45 W / (m・K); when the copper content is less than 3.5% (such as comparative example 1-3 containing 2% copper), the thermal conduction path is broken, and the heating temperature difference reaches 15℃. The proportion range of example 1 breaks through the performance limit of single element through the "iron-titanium-copper" functional complementarity, and proves that the component design has non-obviousness. 2. Creative breakthrough of performance synergy The core creativity of example 1 is to achieve "multi-performance synergy" that traditional cookware cannot achieve, rather than single index optimization: Synergy of wear resistance and non-stick: Example 1-2 builds a wear-resistant framework through 35~45vol% TiN phase (hardness HV 1950), and forms Fe3O4-TiO2 composite oxide film (contact angle 112°) through nitroxide treatment, realizing the combination of "high wear resistance + excellent non-stickness". While comparative example 1-1 has only 50,000 wear times due to insufficient TiN; although the contact angle of traditional organic non-stick coating can reach 110°, the wear resistance is less than 10,000 times, and example 1 solves the technical contradiction of "wear resistance sacrificing non-stickness". Thermal and magnetic synergy: 4% copper phase in Example 1-2 is dispersed at 0.5-1.5 pm particle size, with a thermal conductivity of 68 W / (m·K), and a continuous magnetic path formed with 66% iron phase, with a magnetic permeability of 90% or more. Comparative Example 1-3 has insufficient copper content, with a thermal conductivity of 50 W / (m·K); pure iron cookware has excellent magnetic properties but a thermal conductivity of only 40 W / (m·K), and Example 1 achieves a synergistic improvement in “high thermal conductivity + high magnetic permeability”. 3. Substantial differences from the prior art Traditional functional layer technology in cookware has obvious limitations: pure aluminum layer is lightweight but low in hardness (HV 50-80), pure iron layer is wear-resistant but heavy (density 7.8 g / cm³), and organic coating is non-stick but poor in temperature resistance (≤260°C). The innovation of Example 1 lies in the construction of a completely new “metal-ceramic-alloy” composite system: Material system innovation: Abandoning the traditional single material approach, Example 1 achieves low-temperature deposition of Fe-Ti-Cu alloy through cold spraying, and then generates TiN ceramic phase in situ through nitriding and oxidizing treatment, forming a multi-level structure of “metal matrix + ceramic strengthening phase + dispersed thermal conductivity phase”. This is fundamentally different from the single coating or alloy system of the prior art. Process-performance matching innovation: The “low-temperature consolidation” characteristics of cold spraying are combined with the “phase transformation regulation” of nitriding and oxidizing, avoiding the element burning problem of traditional thermal spraying, and improving the uniformity of TiN phase by 40%, with a porosity of 1.5-2.5%, which is more dense than traditional electroplated layers (porosity 5-8%). 4. Creative solution to technical problems The existing technology of functional layer in cookware faces three major contradictions: the contradiction between lightweight and wear resistance, the contradiction between uniform thermal conductivity and magnetic properties, and the contradiction between non-stick effect and corrosion resistance. Example 1 creatively resolves these contradictions through component optimization: Lightweight and wear resistance balance: Aluminum-based pot body + 0.2-0.5 mm functional layer design, weight reduced by 40% compared to iron pot, while TiN phase gives a hardness of HV 1850-1950, with a wear resistance of 10-15 million times, more than 5 times that of aluminum alloy cookware, solving the problem of “lightweight but not wear-resistant”. Non-stick and corrosion resistance synergy: The composite oxide film of Example 1 has both liquid repellency (contact angle > 105°) and corrosion resistance (salt spray test 480-550 hours), while Comparative Example 1-1 rusts after 200 hours of salt spray testing due to high iron content, and traditional iron pots have no oxide film protection, with a salt spray test of less than 100 hours, and Example 1 builds a “non-stick - corrosion resistant” double protection.

[0025] Process stability guarantee: The component range of Example 1 is verified multiple times, with performance fluctuations ≤5% in different batches of production, while the comparative example has performance fluctuations of 15-20% due to component imbalance, proving that the proportion range is the key to achieving process stability and is not a routine attempt by those skilled in the art. In summary, the component design, performance synergy mechanism and technical problem solving idea of Example 1 break through the performance bottleneck of existing cookware materials, and its technical solution cannot be obtained through routine experiments or logical reasoning, which embodies substantial improvement and creative contribution to the existing technology.

[0026] Example 2: Lightweight non-stick cookware with external pot protection The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the outer surface of the pot is provided with a composite layer formed by cold spraying Fe-Cr alloy and nitrogen oxide treatment. The outer functional layer of the pot contains, by mass percentage: Iron element: 78-82%; Chromium element: 18-22%.

[0027] In some embodiments, the component of the outer functional layer of the pot is preferably: Iron element: 80±0.5%; Chromium element: 20±0.5%.

[0028] For further illustration of the technical effects and creativity of the present application, the following comparative analysis is carried out through multiple groups of examples and comparative examples. All examples and comparative examples use the same manufacturing process parameters, only the material components of the functional layer are changed.

[0029] Example 2-1: Basic components Components: Iron 78%, Chromium 22%. Example 2-2: Preferred components Components: Iron 80%, Chromium 20%. Example 2-3: Upper limit components Components: Iron 82%, Chromium 18%. Comparative Example 2-1: Too low chromium content Components: Iron 85%, Chromium 15%. Comparative Example 2-2: Too high chromium content Components: Iron 70%, Chromium 30%. Table 2: Comparison of outer functional layer (Fe-Cr alloy system) Creative comparison analysis of examples and comparative examples: 1. Creative breakthrough in component design The content of iron element in the outer functional layer of the pot is 78-82% and the content of chromium element is 18-22% in embodiments 2-1 to 2-3. The determination of the proportion range is not a simple numerical selection, but an innovative application based on the principle of "solid solution strengthening and oxidation protection synergy" in material science. Iron as the matrix phase ensures the magnetic conductivity and structural strength, and chromium as the alloying element forms a Cr2O3 passivation film through selective oxidation. The proportion of the two needs to be accurately balanced: when the chromium content is lower than 18% (such as comparative example 2-1 containing 15% chromium), it is not possible to form a continuous and dense oxide film, the high-temperature oxidation weight gain reaches 0.10 g / cm², and the salt spray resistance is only 150 hours; when the chromium content is higher than 22% (such as comparative example 2-2 containing 30% chromium), although the oxidation weight gain is as low as 0.02 g / cm², too much brittle phase is formed, which leads to a decrease in coating hardness to HV 1100 and a decrease in magnetic conductivity by 30%. The component range of embodiment 2 realizes the triangular balance of "oxidation protection - mechanical properties - magnetic conductivity", and this proportion optimization breaks through the inherent cognition of traditional stainless steel that "high chromium means high corrosion resistance". 2. Creative effect of performance synergy The core creativity of embodiment 2 lies in the synergistic improvement of multiple performance indicators, rather than the optimization of a single performance: Corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance synergy: after 1000°C high-temperature cycle, the oxidation weight gain of embodiment 2-2 (80% iron + 20% chromium) is only 0.02 g / cm², which is the same as that of high-chromium comparative example 2-2, but the coating hardness reaches HV 1850, which is 68% higher than that of comparative example 2-2 (HV 1100), solving the technical contradiction that "improving corrosion resistance must sacrifice mechanical properties" of high-chromium alloy. Magnetic conductivity and protection performance synergy: the magnetic conductivity of embodiments 2-1 to 2-3 remains "good - excellent" level, while the magnetic conductivity of comparative example 2-2 decreases by 30% due to too high chromium content, which cannot be adapted to induction cookers. This synergistic effect is due to the continuous distribution of iron phase, which makes the magnetic path not diluted by excessive chromium element, embodying the innovative idea of "spatial distribution regulation of functional phase". 3. Substantial difference from prior art Traditional cookware outer protective layer usually adopts two schemes: one is pure iron layer, which has good magnetic conductivity but poor corrosion resistance; the other is high-chromium stainless steel layer (containing 18-25% chromium), which has good corrosion resistance but poor magnetic conductivity and high cost. The innovation of embodiment 2 lies in: Abandoning the traditional idea of "single material performance compromise", the uniform distribution of iron and chromium elements is realized through cold spraying process, so that the outer layer of the pot has both the magnetic conductivity advantage of iron and the corrosion resistance advantage of chromium. It is found that the chromium content of 18-22% is the "economic corrosion threshold": within this range, every 1% increase in chromium can improve the salt spray resistance by about 25 hours, while beyond 22%, the marginal benefit drops sharply and the cost rises linearly. The 20% chromium content of Example 2-2 is the optimal balance point of "performance-cost ratio", which reduces the raw material cost by 40% compared with the 30% chromium content of Comparative Example 2-2. 4. Creative solution to technical problem There are three major pain points in the existing technology of the outer functional layer of the pot: yellowing at the bottom caused by high-temperature oxidation, rust perforation after long-term use, and uneven heating caused by insufficient magnetic conduction. Example 2 creatively solves these problems through component optimization: For high-temperature oxidation: the Cr2O3 film of Example 2 has self-repairing ability, with an oxidation rate of 0.01 μm / h, which is 70% lower than that of Comparative Example 2-1, making the bottom of the pot body not significantly discolored after 1000 stove heating. For rust problem: the salt spray resistance of Example 2 reaches 400-500 hours, which is 1.7-2.3 times higher than that of Comparative Example 2-1, solving the industry problem of traditional iron pot "easy rust perforation at the bottom". For magnetic conduction problem: through the design of continuous distribution of iron phase, the magnetic permeability of the outer functional layer of the pot is maintained above 85%, which is 43% higher than that of Comparative Example 2-2, ensuring the heating efficiency of the induction cooker.

[0030] In summary, the component range determination, performance synergy design and technical problem solving idea of Example 2 all reflect substantial improvement and creative contribution to the existing technology, rather than routine selection of those skilled in the art.

[0031] Example 3: Basic manufacturing method of lightweight non-stick cookware The present embodiment discloses a manufacturing method of lightweight non-stick cookware, comprising the following steps: Aluminum-based pot blank forming; Pre-treatment: cleaning and degreasing the inner and outer surfaces of the pot blank (ultrasonic cleaning is adopted, the cleaning agent is a neutral oil removal agent, the temperature is 50-60°C, and the time is 15-20 minutes); then sandblasting and roughening treatment is carried out, and the inner and outer surfaces are uniformly sprayed with 80 mesh or 100 mesh white corundum sand, so that the surface roughness reaches Ra 3.2-6.3 μm, and the subsequent coating adhesion is enhanced; Cold spraying coating: using a high-pressure cold spraying equipment (working pressure 3-5 MPa, spraying distance 150-200 mm) to spray Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder on the inner surface of the pot, and the spraying thickness is controlled at 0.2-0.5 mm. The Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder contains: Iron element: 63~68%; Titanium element: 28~32%; Copper element: 3.5~5.0%; The preferred powder components are: iron powder 66±0.5%, titanium powder 30±0.5%, and copper powder 4±0.2%, and the powder particle size is controlled at 20-50 μm to ensure deposition efficiency; Brushing: After spraying, the inner surface of the pot is brushed with a nylon brush wheel to remove loose particles on the surface, and the surface roughness is controlled at 1.0~1.5 μm, which lays the foundation for subsequent heat treatment and non-stick performance; Composite heat treatment: The phase structure is controlled by step-by-step heat treatment, which specifically includes: Nitriding treatment: carried out in a controllable atmosphere furnace, temperature 530~570℃, holding time 8~12 hours, nitrogen potential KN=1.5~3.0, so that the titanium element fully diffuses and combines with nitrogen to form TiN phase; Oxidation treatment: After nitriding, the temperature is lowered to 480~520℃, and the temperature is held for 1~3 hours, and the oxygen partial pressure is controlled at 0.05~0.2atm, to form a Fe3O4-TiO2 composite oxide film on the surface; The preferred heat treatment parameters are: nitriding at 550±5℃ for 10±0.5 hours (KN=2.0~2.5), and oxidation at 500±5℃ for 1.5±0.3 hours, to achieve precise control of the proportion of TiN phase and the thickness of the oxide film; Post-processing: Fine polishing is performed using a wool wheel to remove surface oxidation layer dust, and the smoothness of the inner surface of the pot is improved to Ra 0.8-1.2 μm, finally forming a functional surface with wear resistance and non-stick performance.

[0032] Example 4: Manufacturing method of pot with outer functional layer This embodiment is based on Example 3, and adds the manufacturing process of the outer functional layer of the pot. It is suitable for producing the lightweight non-stick cookware with outer protection described in Example 2. The difference between it and Example 3 is: In the cold spraying coating step, in addition to spraying Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder on the inner surface of the pot, Fe-Cr mixed powder is then sprayed on the outer surface of the pot. The composition of the Fe-Cr mixed powder is as follows (by mass percentage): Iron powder: 75~85%, particle size 25~45 μm, to ensure magnetic permeability and spraying fluidity; Chromium powder: 15~25%, particle size 15~35 μm, to provide Cr element source for the oxidation layer; The preferred powder components are: iron powder 80±0.5%, and chromium powder 20±0.5%, to balance the magnetic permeability and corrosion resistance.

[0033] The process parameters of the outside spraying are consistent with those of the inside (working pressure 3-5 MPa, spraying distance 150-200 mm), and the spraying thickness is 0.15-0.3 mm. In the subsequent composite heat treatment process, the Fe-Cr layer outside the pot and the Fe-Ti-Cu layer inside the pot are subjected to nitriding and oxidation treatment synchronously, so that a continuous Cr2O3 passivation film is formed on the surface of the pot outside, and the inside and outside are cooperatively protected.

[0034] Through the process design of the above embodiments, the lightweight non-stick cookware with light weight and excellent performance can be stably produced.

[0035] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present text, and the above embodiment descriptions are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight non-stick cookware, characterized in that, include: Aluminum-based pot body; The inner functional layer of the pot is a composite layer formed by cold spraying Fe-Ti-Cu alloy and nitrogen oxidation treatment, which is located on the inner surface of the pot and contains TiN phase and dispersed copper phase. The functional layer inside the pot contains, by mass percentage: Iron content: 63-68%; Titanium content: 28-32%; Copper content: 3.5~5.0%.

2. The lightweight non-stick cookware as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The components of the functional layer inside the pot are: Iron content: 66±0.5%; Titanium content: 30±0.5%; Copper content: 4 ± 0.2%.

3. The lightweight non-stick cookware as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The phase structure of the functional layer inside the pot includes: TiN phase content: 35-45 vol% The copper phase particle size is 0.5~1.5μm; Porosity 1.5~2.5%.

4. The lightweight non-stick cookware as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the pot is provided with an outer functional layer, which is a composite layer formed by cold spraying Fe-Cr alloy and nitrogen oxidation treatment.

5. The lightweight non-stick cookware as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outer functional layer of the pot contains, by mass percentage: Iron content: 78~82%; Chromium content: 18-22%.

6. The lightweight non-stick cookware as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The preferred composition of the outer functional layer of the pot is: Iron content: 80±0.5%; Chromium content: 20 ± 0.5%.

7. A method for manufacturing a lightweight non-stick cookware, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Aluminum-based pot blank forming; Cold spray coating: Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder is sprayed onto the inner surface of the pot; Composite heat treatment: nitriding and oxidation treatments are performed; The Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder contains, by mass percentage: Iron content: 63-68%; Titanium content: 28-32%; Copper content: 3.5~5.0%; Preferably, the Fe-Ti-Cu mixed powder is: Iron powder: 66±0.5%; Titanium powder: 30±0.5%; Copper powder: 4±0.2%.

8. The manufacturing method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The cold spray coating also includes spraying Fe-Cr mixed powder onto the outer surface of the pot.

9. The manufacturing method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The Fe-Cr mixed powder contains, by mass percentage: Iron powder: 75~85%, particle size 25~45μm; Chromium powder: 15~25%, particle size 15~35μm; Preferably, the Fe-Cr mixed powder is: Iron powder: 80±0.5%; Chromium powder: 20±0.5%.

10. The manufacturing method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The composite heat treatment specifically includes: Nitriding treatment: Hold at 530~570℃ for 8~12 hours, nitrogen potential KN=1.5~3.0; Oxidation treatment: Hold at 480~520℃ for 1~3 hours, oxygen partial pressure 0.05~0.2 atm; Preferably, the heat treatment parameters are: Nitriding: Heat treatment at 550±5℃ for 10±0.5 hours, KN=2.0~2.5; Oxidation: Hold at 500±5℃ for 1.5±0.3 hours.

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