Machining method for slender structural part of ship

Abstract

A machining method for slender structural parts of a ship comprises the steps that the parts with the same width are placed in a row in the length direction to form a trepanning drawing, the trepanning drawing generates a laser code spraying instruction, a laser scribing instruction and a laser cutting instruction, and the basic attribute information of the parts is subjected to code spraying through the laser code spraying instruction; scribing the end part of the steel plate according to the part width by adopting a laser scribing instruction; and a laser cutting machine is adopted to cut the end shapes of all the parts on the whole plate one by one. According to laser scribing of the width of the part on the steel plate, the distance between cutting nozzles of the multi-head gate-type cutting machine is adjusted, and a plurality of slender parts are cut at a time along the long edge of the part. Existing equipment can be fully utilized for efficient implementation, the layout is reasonable, digital application is achieved in the whole process, and supporting is facilitated for future intelligent production line layout. According to the technology method, the three procedures of code spraying, line drawing and cutting are integrated, machining is conducted through the laser cutting machine, the precision deviation caused by repeated feeding and repeated positioning can be reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of shipbuilding and design, and particularly relates to a processing method for a ship elongated structure part. BACKGROUND

[0002] There is a typical elongated structure part in the ship structure. There are two traditional cutting methods, one is numerical control cutting, and the other is multi-head door cutting. The numerical control cutting has low cutting efficiency and large deformation due to the characteristics of the elongated part. The multi-head door cutting has low efficiency of cutting the end part of the part by hand. The multi-head door cutting machine cannot cut the end part shape, and the part needs to be transferred to the cutting end part station, resulting in an increase in the process.

[0003] A new method patent appears in the prior art, a strip processing production method authorized patent CN103878540A, the technical feature point is feeding, multi-head door cutting, single strip cutting end part, forming a part, that is, cutting the long edge by the multi-head gantry and then cutting the end part by the numerical control equipment. The disadvantage is that the long strip material needs to be transferred by an independent conveying device after cutting. The numerical control cutting device of the end part shape is a specialized equipment, which is not a general numerical control cutting equipment, and is not conducive to the optimization of traditional equipment. The specialized numerical control cutting end part equipment needs to have a cutting instruction conversion of the special software. The actual application range of the manufacturing enterprise is greatly limited, the initial investment is very huge, and it cannot be widely applied.

[0004] The elongated part has two parallel long edges, and the length-width ratio is generally greater than 5. The end part shape is not limited during nesting. Laser is used for code spraying, line marking, cutting and beveling. The nesting, feeding, code spraying, line marking, cutting, beveling, polishing and sorting whole process machining process is realized automatically, and has the characteristics of wide application range and obvious support effect on the improvement of existing equipment and intelligent production line construction. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a processing method for a ship elongated structure part, which aims to realize unrestricted end part shape during nesting, more flexible nesting layout, ensure cutting quality, make full use of existing equipment, meet the cutting of large quantities of elongated parts with different end part shapes, and realize automatic whole processing flow to improve the overall processing efficiency. The technical scheme adopted is as follows: A processing method for a ship elongated structure part, which is placed according to the width of the ship elongated structure part. The ship elongated structure parts with the same width are placed in the same row to form multiple nesting diagrams. The specific method is as follows: S1: A numerical control laser code spraying is generated for each nesting diagram. The laser code spraying is input into the numerical control machine tool, and the numerical control laser line marking instruction and the laser cutting instruction are set.

[0006] S2: According to the laser marking instruction, the self-owned attribute information of the part is marked on the steel plate to be cut; and then the laser marking instruction is used to mark the width of the part at the end of the steel plate.

[0007] S3: The end shape of all parts on the whole plate is cut one by one by using a laser cutting machine, and the slope at the end is processed synchronously.

[0008] S4: According to the width marking of the parts on the steel plate, the nozzle spacing of the multi-head door type cutting machine is adjusted, and the parts are cut into multiple slender parts along the long side at one time.

[0009] S5: The free edge polishing of the cut slender parts is automatically realized by a conveying device or a crane, and the polished parts are sorted and distributed.

[0010] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, in the nesting drawing, there is a spacing between the adjacent ship slender structure parts in the same row, and the spacing is 2mm~3mm.

[0011] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, in the nesting drawing, there is a spacing between the adjacent ship slender structure parts in the same row.

[0012] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, in the nesting drawing, if the shapes of the ends of the adjacent ship slender structure parts in the same row are the same, the ends of the two ship slender structure parts can be coincided.

[0013] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, the basic attribute information of the ship slender structure part includes part name, specification, material, length, curve type, flow direction and polishing.

[0014] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, the marking instruction is only at the end of the whole plate, the length of the line marked by the marking instruction is less than 500mm, and the spacing value between the adjacent ship slender structure parts is 2mm~3mm.

[0015] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, in step S4, the cutting gap of the multi-head door type flame matches the start and end points of the end laser cutting line, if the laser cutting gap exceeds the door type cutting line, the multi-head flame will be interrupted, and if it does not reach the door type cutting line, the parts will be connected, which needs to be manually cut off.

[0016] The above-mentioned processing method of the ship slender structure part, further, the polishing is manual polishing or automatic polishing.

[0017] The ship elongated structure part is characterized by two parallel long sides, unrestricted end shape during nesting, more flexible nesting layout, shallow ablation technology of the laser cutting machine, integrated automatic realization of code spraying, line marking, cutting and beveling process, reduction of repeated positioning, realization of simplified processing flow. The present application can fully utilize the existing equipment to implement efficiently, has reasonable layout, realizes digital application in the whole process, and is beneficial to support the future intelligent production line layout. The present application integrates the code spraying, line marking and cutting processes by the laser cutting machine, which can reduce repeated feeding and repeated positioning, precision deviation and improve processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a nesting diagrammatic view; Figure 2 is a structure diagram of a gap of a ship elongated structure part; Figure 3 is a numerical control laser code spraying diagram; Figure 4 is a numerical control laser line marking diagram; Figure 5 is a numerical control laser cutting diagram; Figure 6 is a multi-head door type cutting diagram; Figure 7 is Figure 6 is a diagram of detailed view A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application is described in detail in combination with specific embodiments.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1 and 2 , a processing method of a ship elongated structure part, comprises the following steps: S1, the ship elongated structure part is placed according to different width elongated parts to form a nesting diagram; the ship elongated structure part is placed according to the same thickness, material, same width part in the length direction in a row, different width elongated parts are placed in rows to form a nesting diagram, as shown in Figure 1 .

[0021] The ship elongated structure part is placed according to the same thickness, material, same width part, from the left end of the whole plate to the right side, for example, parts S1 and S2 are 120mm wide, and need to be placed in the same row during nesting.

[0022] Different width parts cannot be placed in a row, and 120 / 150 / 175 / 125 width parts are placed according to the width.

[0023] The gap value between the long edges of the ship elongated structural parts in the nesting drawing is left, as shown in Figure 2 The gap value a between the long edges of the ship elongated structural parts in the nesting drawing is left, and a = 2-3 mm.

[0024] In order to improve the cutting efficiency, the gap between the end portions of the left and right two adjacent ship elongated structural parts with the same end portion shape should be overlapped, and the gap value should be left for the end portions with different end portion shapes. The end portions of the left and right two adjacent parts with the same end portion shape in the nesting drawing should be overlapped, and the gap b2 between the end portions of the left and right two adjacent parts with the same end portion shape is 0 mm.

[0025] The end portion shape is not limited when the nesting drawing is placed, and the end portions of the ship elongated structural parts do not need to be flush when nesting.

[0026] The numerical control laser code and numerical control laser marking instructions, laser cutting instructions are generated according to the obtained nesting drawings of a plurality of elongated parts, and the instructions contain basic attribute information of the parts, part end portion shape information, part end portion bevel information, and part end portion cutting path.

[0027] The basic attribute information of the parts is marked according to the laser code instructions, and the basic attribute information of the parts includes but is not limited to: part name, specification, material, length, curve type, flow direction, polishing, etc. For example Figure 3 The-S1FB120*12 A letters and numbers in the figure are examples of code marking.

[0028] The part width is marked at the end of the steel plate using laser marking instructions. The numerical control laser marking instructions are generated according to the nesting drawing information, and the numerical control laser marking instructions use the principle of laser light ablation to form marks of part width information on the surface of the steel plate. Since the same width is nested in one row, the marking instruction is only at the end of the whole plate, and the marking length is about 500 mm, and the gap value between the two parts is a = 2-3 mm. As shown in Figure 4 The dashed line in the figure is the laser marking trajectory.

[0029] The laser cutting machine is used to cut the end portion shape of all parts on the whole plate one by one, and the end portion with the bevel is processed synchronously. The laser cutting instructions are generated according to the nesting drawing information, and the laser cutting instructions are used to cut the end portion shape of each part, as shown in Figure 5 The double single-dot line in the figure is the laser cutting trajectory. Further optimization can be performed according to the end portion position to optimize the cutting path.

[0030] According to the marking of the part width on the steel plate, the nozzle spacing of the multi-head gantry cutting machine is adjusted, and the parts are cut into a plurality of elongated parts at one time along the long edges of the parts, as shown in Figure 6 、 7

[0031] ​The multi-head door type cutting line position is in the middle of the contour line, and the double-dot line in the figure is the multi-head door type cutting line.

[0032] The multi-head door type cutting slot matches the start and end points of the end laser cutting line. Generally, multi-head door type cutting adopts flame cutting method, that is, if the laser cutting slot exceeds the door type cutting line, it will cause the multi-head flame to be extinguished, and if it does not reach the door type cutting line, it will cause the part to be connected, which needs to be manually cut off.

[0033] The free edge polishing of the cut elongated part is automatically realized by the conveying device or the crane.

[0034] Step 8: Sorting and distributing the polished elongated part through the conveying device or the crane.

Claims

1. A method for machining slender structural parts for ships, characterized in that, The components are arranged according to their width, with components of the same width placed in the same row to form multiple nesting diagrams; the specific method is as follows: S1: Generate a CNC laser marking for each nesting drawing. Input the laser marking into the CNC machine tool and set the CNC laser scribing command and laser cutting command. S2: The laser marking instruction is used to mark the inherent attribute information of the part on the steel plate to be cut; then the laser scribing instruction is used to scribing the width of the part on the end of the steel plate. S3: Use a laser cutting machine to cut the end shapes of all parts on the whole plate one by one, and simultaneously beveling the ends with bevels. S4: Based on the markings on the steel plate indicating the width of the parts, adjust the nozzle spacing of the multi-head gantry cutting machine to cut multiple slender parts along the long side of the parts in one go; S5: The free edge grinding of slender parts after cutting is achieved through automated conveying devices or cranes, followed by sorting and palletizing.

2. The method for processing a slender structural part for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the nesting diagram, there is a gap between adjacent rows of slender ship structural parts, with a gap of 2mm to 3mm.

3. The method for processing a slender structural part for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the nesting diagram, there is a gap between adjacent slender ship structural parts in the same row.

4. The method for processing a slender structural part for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, In nesting diagrams, if the ends of adjacent slender structural parts of a ship located in the same row have the same shape, the ends of the two slender structural parts can overlap.

5. The method for processing a slender structural part for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic attribute information of slender structural parts of ships includes part name, specifications, material, length, curvature, flow direction, and grinding.

6. The method for processing a slender structural part for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scribing command is only applied to the ends of the entire plate. The length of the scribing command is less than 500 mm, and the scribing gap between adjacent slender structural parts of the ship is 2 mm to 3 mm.

7. A method for processing slender structural parts for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the kerf of the multi-head gantry flame must match the start and end points of the end laser cutting line. If the laser cutting kerf exceeds the gantry cutting line, the multi-head flame will be cut off. If it does not reach the gantry cutting line, the parts will be disconnected and need to be manually cut off.

8. A method for processing slender structural parts for ships according to claim 5, characterized in that, Sanding can be done manually or automatically.

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