High-flash-point environment-friendly insulating cleaning agent for electrified maintenance of electrical equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-flash-point environment-friendly insulating cleaning agent for electrified maintenance of electrical equipment. The high-flash-point environment-friendly insulating cleaning agent comprises an alkane hydrocarbon solvent, a nonionic surfactant, polysiloxane and an inorganic nano additive. According to the insulating cleaning agent disclosed by the invention, by scientifically adjusting the ratio of C11-C15 alkane components, a synergistic effect among the components is realized, so that key indexes such as volatility, dissolving capacity and viscosity are well balanced, and under the condition of not containing any environment-unfriendly component, the opening flash point is improved, and the live working danger is effectively prevented; the non-ionic surfactant, the polysiloxane and the inorganic nano additive are added, so that the viscosity of a system is effectively reduced, the cleaning efficiency and the overall stability are remarkably improved, the use safety is improved, and the cleaning agent is particularly suitable for the fields of high-voltage electric power facilities, precision electronic devices and the like with high cleaning requirements and has wide application prospects. The method has the outstanding advantages of safety, reliability, cleanness, high efficiency, environmental friendliness and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment maintenance, and particularly relates to a high-flash-point and environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent, which is suitable for the insulation cleaning of electrical power systems, transformers, switch cabinets and the like, and is particularly suitable for safe operation in flammable and explosive environments. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional insulation cleaning agents mostly use solvents containing chlorine and fluorine (such as trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, etc.) or aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene, toluene), which have good cleaning effects but have problems such as high toxicity and carcinogenicity, high ODP value and strong ozone destruction, low flash point and easy ignition and explosion, and have been strictly limited by the Montreal Protocol. In recent years, environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agents have gradually become the replacement direction, but the existing environmentally friendly technologies still have obvious defects. For example, low-carbon hydrocarbon solvents (such as n-heptane, isopropyl alcohol) represented by short-chain alkanes (C6-C 10 ) have a flash point generally lower than 20 o C, high risk of flammability and explosiveness, and cannot meet the safety requirements of electrical equipment cleaning under voltage, and their rapid evaporation leads to poor controllability of cleaning, insufficient penetration depth, limited cleaning effect on polar contaminants, and the like. At the same time, the insulation performance of short-chain alkanes is easily affected by trace amounts of water or impurities, and significantly decreases, which may cause partial discharge and threaten the safety of the equipment. In addition, short-chain alkanes have swelling properties on rubber / plastic parts, and long-term use may lead to sealing failure, high VOCs emission and neurotoxicity risk, poor biodegradability, and prominent environmental residue problems, which do not meet the requirements of environmental regulations. On the other hand, mineral oil-based cleaning agents mainly based on long-chain alkanes (C 16 and above) have a high flash point, but their poor flowability and weak penetration ability make it difficult to effectively clean narrow gaps in electrical equipment, and their slow evaporation rate and high residue after cleaning easily cause secondary pollution by adsorbing dust. At the same time, long-chain alkanes easily solidify in low-temperature environments, and the use conditions are limited, and have poor solubility for polar contaminants and low cleaning efficiency, and often need to rely on mechanical wiping or heating systems, which is poor in economy. Based on the above problems, the industry still faces two technical bottlenecks: first, there is an inherent contradiction between high flash point and low viscosity - high flash point solvents often have increased viscosity due to increased molecular weight, which seriously affects the penetration and volatility; second, cleaning efficiency and environmental friendliness are difficult to balance, and many products still rely on fluorine-containing surfactants to improve penetration, which has high toxicity and high ozone destruction potential, and does not meet the requirements of environmental regulations such as the EU REACH. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent with high flash point (≥100 o C), low viscosity, good insulation, fast evaporation and high cleaning efficiency, to overcome the multiple limitations of existing short-chain and long-chain alkanes in performance, safety and environmental friendliness, and meet the high standard requirements of the electrical power industry for cleaning under voltage. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the problems of low flash point, flammability, slow evaporation and environmental pollution of the existing insulation cleaning agent, and provides a high flash point environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent with specific hydrocarbon compound as the core and functional additives.

[0004] The high flash point environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent provided by the present application comprises alkane hydrocarbon solvents, non-ionic surfactants, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano additives. In terms of weight percentage, the alkane hydrocarbon solvents account for at least 94%, the non-ionic surfactants account for 1% to 5%, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.1% to 1%, and the inorganic nano additives account for 0.1% to 1%.

[0005] Preferably, in terms of weight percentage, the alkane hydrocarbon solvents account for 95% to 97%, the non-ionic surfactants account for 2% to 4%, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.5% to 0.8%, and the inorganic nano additives account for 0.1% to 0.4%.

[0006] The above-mentioned alkane hydrocarbon solvents only include undecane, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane and pentadecane. Specifically, in terms of weight percentage, the undecane accounts for 0% to 10%, the dodecane accounts for 20% to 40%, the tridecane accounts for 20% to 40%, the tetradecane accounts for 20% to 40%, and the pentadecane accounts for 0% to 30%. Further, in terms of weight percentage, preferably, the undecane accounts for 2% to 10%, the dodecane accounts for 22% to 35%, the tridecane accounts for 24% to 32%, the tetradecane accounts for 20% to 30%, and the pentadecane accounts for 6% to 15%. In the past, it is common to add a single alkane to the formula of the insulation cleaning agent and cooperate with other components to improve the flash point. However, such insulation cleaning agent still has several shortcomings. For example, decane and lower alkanes (such as n-heptane) have very low flash point and are flammable and explosive, and cannot be used for live-line work. The flash point of dodecane is about 74 o C, close to the safety threshold (80 o C), but still has the risk of burning and exploding in a high-temperature environment. The flash point of tetradecane is about 100 o C, and the flash point meets the standard, but the viscosity is high, the evaporation is slow, the cleaning efficiency is low, and it is difficult to meet the actual demand. The present application adopts a C 11 -C 15 alkane compound system, which produces a synergistic effect by adjusting the ratio of alkanes and combining the characteristics of each component, thereby simultaneously improving the flash point to the greatest extent and having significant advantages in performance, safety and applicability.

[0007] Further, the non-ionic surfactant is at least one of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO). Compared with traditional ionic surfactants, the non-ionic surfactant is not charged, has no charge interference, is suitable for an electric environment, and has almost no corrosion or swelling risk to metal, plastic, and coating. Therefore, the addition of the non-ionic surfactant can enhance the cleaning ability while maintaining high insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, and open flash point performance of the insulating cleaning agent.

[0008] Further, the polyorganosiloxane is at least one of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polydiethylsiloxane (PDES), polymethylvinylsiloxane (PMVS), and polyoctylmethylsiloxane (POMS). Compared with traditional insulating cleaning agents, the polyorganosiloxane introduced in the present application has ultra-low surface tension, which can enhance the permeability of the cleaning agent, thereby achieving more in-depth and thorough cleaning. In addition, the polyorganosiloxane can inhibit foam in spray or ultrasonic cleaning, ensuring cleaning uniformity and effectiveness.

[0009] Further, the inorganic nano additive is composed of one or more than two of SiO2, TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3, and the SiO2, TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3 are spherical particles with a particle size of 20 nm to 500 nm. Compared with the traditional insulation cleaning agent, the inorganic nano additive is introduced in the present application, and the function of the cleaning agent is redesigned at the molecular level by means of the size effect and surface engineering technology, so that the cleaning efficiency, safety performance and additional functions of the cleaning agent are significantly enhanced. First, the introduction of inorganic nano materials enhances the physical cleaning capacity of the insulation cleaning agent at the nanoscale. The nano particles can provide moderate mechanical friction in the cleaning process, effectively remove stubborn contaminants such as oxide layers and particulate impurities, while avoiding damage to the precision surface. At the same time, the nano particles can fill the surface micro defects, uniformly disperse the electric field and suppress partial discharge. In addition, the nano particles have high specific surface area and surface energy, which makes them more easily penetrate into the micron-level gaps, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and coverage of cleaning. Second, nano-SiO2 can build a stable three-dimensional network structure on the surface of the equipment, significantly enhancing the dielectric strength of the cleaning agent. Nano-ZnO and TiO2 materials have semiconductor properties, which can effectively neutralize static electricity and reduce the possibility of electronic components being attracted by dust and particulate contaminants due to static electricity. In addition, the excellent moisture absorption properties of ZnO nanoparticles can quickly remove the residual water film on the surface, further optimizing the insulation effect. The addition of TiO2 can accelerate the decomposition of oil stains through photocatalysis, thereby synergistically improving the cleaning efficiency. Nano-ZnO also has antibacterial and mildew-resistant properties, which can help to inhibit the growth of bacteria and mold during storage or recycling of the cleaning agent, especially for food industry equipment cleaning. Nano-Al2O3 can significantly improve the volume resistivity of the material after directional arrangement, and its insulation performance is still better than that of traditional alkane solvents even in an environment with a humidity of more than 80%. In addition, nano-Al2O3 and SiO2 can generate a protective passivation film on the metal surface, which can isolate water and oxygen and prevent oxidation reaction of copper, silver and other metal circuits. Finally, compared with organic additives, inorganic nano additives belong to inorganic nano materials and do not produce volatile pollution, have low VOCs emission, and are more environmentally friendly and safe.

[0010] The preparation method of the high-flash-point environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent is as follows: uniformly mixing the components according to the weight percentage composition to form a stable and uniform solution.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. The insulation cleaning agent of the present application can improve the cleaning efficiency by scientifically adjusting the C 11 ~ C 15The ratio of each component of the alkane achieves the synergistic effect between the components, so as to achieve a good balance in key indicators such as volatility, solubility and viscosity, and to improve the opening flash point without any environmentally unfriendly components, and effectively prevent the occurrence of live working danger. The present application discards the chemical components commonly used in traditional insulation cleaning agents which are harmful to the environment, such as trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, freon, acetone and toluene. Therefore, there is no need to worry about the release of chlorine free radicals which destroy the ozone layer in the decomposition process of chlorine-containing solvents, and there is no need to worry about the impact on the climate caused by some fluorinated solvents due to their high global warming potential (GWP). At the same time, the insulation cleaning agent does not contain halogenated hydrocarbon substances which are difficult to degrade, and such compounds can accumulate in the environment for a long time and produce an enrichment effect through the biological chain, eventually forming persistent organic pollutants (POPs). In addition, the insulation cleaning agent also does not contain strong polar solvents such as acetone, and such solvents can corrode plastics, rubber or insulation coatings, thereby accelerating the aging of the equipment. Compared with cleaning agents based on low flash point solvents (such as benzene, acetone), the insulation cleaning agent of the present application does not need to be equipped with explosion-proof devices when used, thereby effectively reducing the safety protection investment and operation difficulty. Compared with cleaning agents using high boiling point solvents (such as xylene), the insulation cleaning agent does not leave residues on the surface of the equipment after cleaning, and thus does not affect the insulation performance of the live equipment.

[0012] 2、The insulation cleaning agent of the present application adds non-ionic surfactants, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano additives, which not only effectively reduce the viscosity of the system, but also significantly improve the cleaning efficiency and overall stability, and improve the safety in use, overcome the limitations of traditional cleaning products in flash point control, volatility characteristics, solubility range and manufacturing cost, and are especially suitable for high-voltage power facilities and precision electronic devices and other fields with high cleaning requirements, and have many outstanding advantages such as safety and reliability, high cleaning efficiency and environmental friendliness. The inorganic nano additive cooperatively reduces the viscosity of the composition, and the cleaning agent not only realizes excellent natural volatility but also improves the cleaning capacity. The polyorganosiloxane and C 11 ~C 15The alkane is used in combination, which can realize fast volatilization, no residue, no need for secondary rinsing, and no influence on the insulation performance of the cleaned object, and is suitable for precision electronic equipment. In summary, the polyorganosiloxane is introduced to achieve the triple goals of performance enhancement, foam control, and safety assurance. In addition, the polyorganosiloxane has a synergistic effect with the non-ionic surfactant, which can further enhance the permeability of the cleaning agent, quickly wet the micron-level gap of the electronic component, and improve the stripping efficiency of the oil and fat. In particular, the polyorganosiloxane has excellent thermal stability and chemical inertness, which is due to the characteristics of the Si-O bond, and can maintain its structural integrity during high-temperature cleaning (such as precision cleaning after reflow soldering or laser equipment maintenance), and is not prone to decomposition. This feature effectively avoids the pollution of residues caused by thermal degradation, ensuring the purity and efficiency of the cleaning effect. In addition, the polyorganosiloxane has strong antioxidant ability, which can form a protective barrier for the alkane solvent in the cleaning agent to prevent the oxidation and decomposition of the alkane solvent, thereby significantly extending the storage life of the cleaning agent, and making the insulating cleaning agent of the application particularly suitable for industrial cleaning systems that need to be used for a long time, providing reliable protection for industrial production.

[0013] 3、The alkane mixture is used to replace halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene compounds to prepare an environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent. The cleaning agent can significantly improve the open flash point while avoiding the use of environmentally harmful ODS, VOC, heavy metals, and halogen element pollutants, and exhibits excellent natural volatility and cleaning effect. The insulating cleaning agent of the application is not only easy to prepare, but also easy to carry and store, and has good compatibility, which is easy to mix with various additives. The cleaning agent can be directly filled into a container, thereby greatly simplifying the preparation process and improving the production efficiency. The insulating cleaning agent of the application has excellent insulation performance, low toxicity, and biodegradability, and has been widely used in power systems, electronic devices, and various industrial equipment, and is particularly suitable for occasions that need to be cleaned in a powered state. For example, such a cleaning agent can be effectively used for high-voltage power transmission and distribution equipment. The insulating cleaning agent of the application strictly meets the standard requirements of GB 38508-2020, and the volatile organic compound (VOC) content is lower than the national limit value. At the same time, according to the test results of the EU RoHS directive 2011 / 65 / EU and its amendment (EU) 2015 / 863, no limited heavy metals and halogen harmful substances are detected in the cleaning agent. In addition, through the US EPA 8260C-2006 standard test verification, there is no chemical component that can destroy the ozone layer in the volatile matter contained in the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions of the present application are described below in conjunction with the embodiments, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Example 1

[0015] As shown in Table 1, the insulation cleaning agent of the present embodiment includes 95% alkane hydrocarbon solvent, 4% non-ionic surfactant, 0.7% polyorganosiloxane and 0.3% inorganic nano additive by weight percentage. Among them, the 95% alkane hydrocarbon solvent is specifically 4% undecane, 27% dodecane, 24% tridecane, 25% tetradecane and 15% pentadecane. The non-ionic surfactant is specifically fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO), the polyorganosiloxane is specifically polydiethylsiloxane (PDES), and the inorganic nano additive is specifically 200 nm spherical SiO2 nanoparticles.

[0016] Comparative Example 1 As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 1 is that 4% undecane is replaced by 4% octane.

[0017] Comparative Example 2 As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 2 is that 4% undecane is replaced by 4% decane.

[0018] Comparative Example 3 As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 3 is that 15% pentadecane is replaced by 15% hexadecane.

[0019] Comparative Example 4 As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 4 is that 15% pentadecane is replaced by 15% octadecane.

[0020] Comparative Example 5 As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 5 is that the non-ionic surfactant is removed, and the proportion of dodecane is adjusted from 27% to 28%, the proportion of tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 25%, the proportion of tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 26%, and the proportion of pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 16%.

[0021] Comparative Example 6 As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 6 is that the polyorganosiloxane is removed, and the proportion of non-ionic surfactant is adjusted from 4% to 4.7%.

[0022] Comparative Example 7 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 1 is that the inorganic nano-additive is removed, and the non-ionic surfactant is adjusted from 4% to 4.3%.

[0023] Comparative Example 8 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 8 and Example 1 is that the non-ionic surfactant, polyorganosiloxane, and inorganic nano-additive are removed, and the undecane is adjusted from 4% to 5%, the dodecane is adjusted from 27% to 28%, the tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 25%, the tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 26%, and the pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 16%.

[0024] Comparative Example 9 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 9 and Example 1 is that the undecane is adjusted from 4% to 14% (not within the range of 0% to 10%), the dodecane is adjusted from 27% to 26%, the tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 22%, the tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 24%, and the pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 11%.

[0025] Comparative Example 10 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 10 and Example 1 is that the dodecane is adjusted from 27% to 18% (not within the range of 20% to 40%), the tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 28%, the tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 28%, and the pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 17%.

[0026] Comparative Example 11 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 11 and Example 1 is that the tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 18% (not within the range of 20% to 40%), the tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 28%, and the pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 18%.

[0027] Comparative Example 12 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 12 and Example 1 is that the tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 18% (not within the range of 20% to 40%), the dodecane is adjusted from 27% to 29%, the tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 26%, and the pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 18%.

[0028] Comparative Example 13 As shown in Table 1, the difference between Comparative Example 13 and Example 1 is that the pentadecane is adjusted from 15% to 32% (not within the range of 0% to 30%), the undecane is adjusted from 4% to 2%, the dodecane is adjusted from 27% to 21%, the tridecane is adjusted from 24% to 20%, and the tetradecane is adjusted from 25% to 20%.

[0029] Table 1 Composition of insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-13

[0030] The open flash point of the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-13 was measured according to GB / T 3536 test standard (measurement condition: burning for 5 s), and the results are shown in Table 2. The flash point refers to the lowest temperature at which a liquid releases a sufficient concentration of flammable vapors under certain conditions to produce an instantaneous flash when exposed to an open flame. The higher the open flash point, the lower the risk of fire, indicating that the cleaning agent is less likely to ignite in a high-temperature environment, thereby significantly improving safety and reducing the risk of fire.

[0031] Table 2 Open flash point of insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-13

[0032] As can be seen from Table 2, the flash point of the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 is 117.2 o C. Among them, from Comparative Examples 9-13, it can be seen that the alkanes of C 11 -C 15 mixed in a certain proportion, the synergistic effect between alkanes can increase the flash point to 117.2 o C. The flash point of Example 1 is significantly higher than all the comparative examples, indicating that it has better fire safety. Example 1 uses C 11 -C 15 as the main component (4% undecane, 27% dodecane, 24% tridecane, 25% tetradecane, 15% pentadecane), forming a balanced high-boiling alkane combination. Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 contain C8 and C 10 short-chain alkanes (4% octane / decane), resulting in a flash point below 55 o C; Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 replace C 16 and C 18 long-chain alkanes (15% hexadecane / octadecane) with C 15 (pentadecane), but the high boiling point reduces the volatility synergistic effect. Example 1 retains non-ionic surfactant (4%), polyorganosiloxane (0.7%), and inorganic nano additives (0.3%), while some comparative examples lack key components (such as Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 8 without non-ionic surfactant, and Comparative Example 7 without inorganic nano additives), resulting in performance degradation. Although Comparative Example 13 increases pentadecane to 32%, the dodecane / tridecane ratio is unbalanced (21% / 20%), resulting in uneven intermolecular forces, with a flash point of only 90.5 oC. All high flash point comparative examples (such as Comparative Examples 9-13) contain 0.7% polyorganosiloxane, which can inhibit the release of flammable vapor. The flash point of Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 7 is reduced by 5-10 o C. Comparative Example 7 does not add inorganic nano-additives, and the flash point (75.3 o C) is significantly lower than the same formula (Comparative Example 6 is 78.5 o C), which proves that inorganic nano-additives have the effect of filling micro defects and inhibiting discharge. In summary, by optimizing the alkane distribution (C 11 -C 15 as the main) and the complete functional additive system, Example 1 first realizes the synergistic effect of high-boiling alkane, balanced carbon chain length to improve evaporation temperature; secondly realizes the additive effect, non-ionic surfactant enhances solubility, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano-additives inhibit flammability; finally realizes the stability of the formula, avoids the performance fluctuation caused by the excessive single component (such as pentadecane in Comparative Example 13).

[0033] According to the DL / T 421 test standard, the volume resistivity of the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-13 was measured at 20°C, and the measurement time points were 20s and 60s, and the specific results are shown in Table 3. Generally, the higher the volume resistivity value, the better the insulation performance, and the safer and more reliable in live cleaning operation.

[0034] Table 3 Volume resistivity of insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-13

[0035] As can be seen from Table 3, the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 has an absolute advantage in live operation, with a volume resistivity of 9.3 × 10 14 Ω·cm. This shows that the formula of Example 1 has unparalleled insulation safety, and is very suitable for high-voltage, super-high-voltage electrical equipment live cleaning with extremely high safety requirements. Comparative Example 1 (containing C8) and Comparative Example 2 (containing C 10 ) have the lowest resistivity, indicating that alkanes with too short carbon chains may cause a decrease in insulation performance. The resistivity of Comparative Example 3 (C 16 is used instead of C 15 ) and Comparative Example 4 (C 18 is used instead of C 15 ) is better than Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, but far lower than the standard formula, proving that the C 11 -C 15 alkane combination used in Example 1 is an ideal choice after optimization. The complete absence of non-ionic surfactant components in Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 8 results in a resistivity (3.6 × 10 10Ω-cm and 2.8 x 10 10 Ω-cm)at a medium-low level, indicating that the non-ionic surfactant plays an important role in maintaining the stability and insulation of the system. The absence of polyorganosiloxane components in Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 8 did not result in a very high resistivity, indicating that it may have a positive contribution to the formation of a protective film and enhanced insulation. The absence of inorganic nano-additive components in Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 also resulted in the highest resistivity. It is particularly noteworthy that Comparative Example 8, which lacked both non-ionic surfactant and polyorganosiloxane, had a lower resistivity. This indicates that the three additives work synergistically to collectively enhance the final insulation performance of the cleaning agent. The success of Example 1 is not due to the extraordinary effect of a single component, but rather to its balanced and complete formulation system. First, there is an optimized solvent system containing 4% undecane, 27% dodecane, 24% tridecane, 25% tetradecane, and 15% pentadecane. Second, there is a complete additive combination containing 4% non-ionic surfactant, 0.7% polyorganosiloxane, and 0.3% inorganic nano-additive. In summary, the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 has a decisive advantage in volume resistivity, a key indicator, and its insulation performance far exceeds that of all comparative examples. This outstanding performance is attributed to the optimized carbon chain length distribution of the alkane solvents and the synergistic effect of the complete non-ionic surfactant, polyorganosiloxane, and inorganic nano-additive.

[0036] The insulation cleaning agents of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-13 were subjected to cleaning effect tests, with the dirt formula shown in Table 4, and the cleaning effect performance (measurement conditions: 60 o C environment for 12 h) washout rate (%). This indicator directly reflects the effectiveness of the cleaning agent in removing dirt, and the higher the value, the stronger the cleaning ability.

[0037] Table 4 Dirt formula

[0038] Table 5 Cleaning effect of high-flash-point environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent

[0039] As can be seen from Table 5, the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 has an absolute leading advantage in cleaning efficiency, with a washout rate of 98.9%, close to complete cleanliness. This value is 18.4% higher than that of Comparative Example 13, with a very significant advantage. It is more than twice as high as the worst Comparative Example 2. This indicates that the formula of Example 1 has reached the top level in cleaning performance, and can meet the cleaning needs of precision electrical equipment with extremely high cleanliness requirements. Comparative Examples 1-4 use different short-chain (octane, decane) or long-chain (hexadecane, octadecane) alkanes to replace part of the C 11 ~ C 15Alkanes, all with mid to low washout rates (48.5% - 60.2%). This demonstrates that the C 11 ~C 15 Alkanes provide the best balance of solvency and volatility for dissolving common electrical contaminants (oils, dust). Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 8 are missing nonionic surfactant entirely, but Comparative Example 8 has a lower washout rate (53.5%) than Comparative Example 5 (73.0%) which contains polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nanoadditive. More importantly, Example 1 with the full formulation outperforms them both, demonstrating that nonionic surfactant significantly improves the ability to penetrate and emulsify stubborn contaminants, and is key to achieving high washout rates. Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 7 have similar nonionic surfactant content (4.7%, 4.3%), but have a large difference in effectiveness (washout rates 75.5%, 55.3%), indicating that the cleaning effect of inorganic nanoadditive is superior to that of polyorganosiloxane. Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 8 are missing polyorganosiloxane, and their washout rates (75.5%, 53.5%) do not reach top level. Polyorganosiloxane can play a role in wetting, spreading, and anti-redeposition after cleaning, helping to improve the final cleaning effect. Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 are missing inorganic nanoadditive, and their washout rates (55.3%, 53.5%) are relatively low. And Comparative Example 8 is completely missing nonionic surfactant, polyorganosiloxane, and inorganic nanoadditive, so its cleaning effect is even worse. Inorganic nanoadditive can deeply decompose and remove dirt through unique physicochemical effects (photocatalysis, superhydrophilicity, etc.). Comparative Example 13 has a high washout rate (80.5%), but its pentadecane content is as high as 32%, much higher than the 15% of Example 1. This unbalanced formulation can have hidden dangers in other properties (flash point, volatility, material compatibility). In summary, the insulating cleaner of Example 1 also has an absolute advantage in the key indicator of washout rate, and its cleaning performance far exceeds all comparative examples, achieving a nearly perfect dirt removal effect. This outstanding performance is the result of the synergistic effect of its optimized solvent system (C 11 ~C 15 alkanes), nonionic surfactant, and polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nanoadditive. This formulation not only ensures very high insulation (as shown in Table 3), but also achieves top-level cleaning ability, fully embodying its comprehensive advantages as a high-performance, high-flash-point, environmentally friendly insulating cleaner, and is an ideal choice for safe and efficient maintenance and cleaning of electrical equipment.

[0040] Examples 2-10 The insulating cleaning agents of Examples 2-10 were prepared according to the components and their weight percentages shown in Table 6, the open flash point thereof was measured according to the GB / T 3536 test standard (measurement condition: burning for 5 s), the volume resistivity thereof was measured at 20 DEG C according to the DL / T 421 test standard (measurement time point was 20 s and 60 s), and the cleaning effect test was carried out according to the above method, and the results are shown in Tables 7, 8 and 9, respectively.

[0041] Table 6 Components of insulating cleaning agents of Examples 2-10

[0042] Table 7 Open flash point of environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agents of Examples

[0043] Table 8 Volume resistivity of environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agents of Examples

[0044] Table 9 Cleaning effect of environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agents of Examples

[0045] From Tables 7, 8 and 9, it can be seen that the open flash point temperature of the insulating cleaning agents of Examples 2-10 of the present application is all greater than 100 DEG C, the volume resistivity is all greater than 1.0 x 10 o 14 Ω·cm, and the cleaning rate can reach more than 95%, so the insulating cleaning agents have high flash point, extremely high insulation, and top cleaning capacity, and are ideal choices for safe and efficient maintenance and cleaning of power equipment.​

Claims

1. A high flash point environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent for live maintenance of electrical equipment, characterized by: The insulating cleaning agent comprises alkane hydrocarbon solvent, non-ionic surfactant, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano additive; the alkane hydrocarbon solvent accounts for at least 94%, the non-ionic surfactant accounts for 1-5%, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.1-1% and the inorganic nano additive accounts for 0.1-1% in the insulating cleaning agent by weight percentage; The alkane hydrocarbon solvent only comprises undecane, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane and pentadecane; the undecane accounts for 1-10%, the dodecane accounts for 20-40%, the tridecane accounts for 20-40%, the tetradecane accounts for 20-40% and the pentadecane accounts for 1-30% in the insulating cleaning agent by weight percentage; The inorganic nano additive is selected from any one or more than two of SiO2, TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3.

2. The high flash point environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent for live maintenance of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating cleaning agent comprises alkane hydrocarbon solvent, non-ionic surfactant, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano additive; the alkane hydrocarbon solvent accounts for at least 94%, the non-ionic surfactant accounts for 1-5%, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.1-1% and the inorganic nano additive accounts for 0.1-1% in the insulating cleaning agent by weight percentage; 3. The high flash point environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent for live maintenance of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkane hydrocarbon solvent only comprises undecane, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane and pentadecane; the undecane accounts for 1-10%, the dodecane accounts for 20-40%, the tridecane accounts for 20-40%, the tetradecane accounts for 20-40% and the pentadecane accounts for 1-30% in the insulating cleaning agent by weight percentage; 4. The high flash point environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent for live maintenance of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-ionic surfactant is selected from at least one of alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

5. The high flash point environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent for live maintenance of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyorganosiloxane is selected from at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, polymethyl vinyl siloxane and polyoctylmethylsiloxane.

6. The high flash point environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent for live maintenance of electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic nano additive is spherical particle with a particle size of 20-500 nm.

Images