Monitoring system based on RFID

Abstract

The invention provides an RFID-based monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the system comprises a deployment module which is used for deploying a plurality of RFID readers in a monitoring area, forming a read-write network, and recording the geographic coordinates of the readers; constructing an electronic map of the monitoring area based on the geographic coordinates of each reader-writer, and carrying out spatial buffer area analysis by taking a hazard source as a center and combining hazard source attribute data to obtain area boundaries of different hazard levels; dividing an area in the area boundary into two annular monitoring areas; and the positioning module is used for configuring an identity certificate of an RFID electronic tag for a person entering the monitoring area, scanning in a preset period through a read-write network, and obtaining the identity information of the person and the corresponding real-time position. Through cooperation of all the modules, full coverage of a monitoring area, personnel positioning and identity association, risk quantification fusion early warning and full-process datamation management after alarm are achieved, and the accuracy and timeliness of safety monitoring of a crowded place are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a monitoring system based on RFID. BACKGROUND

[0002] In crowded public places such as museums, personnel safety monitoring is one of the key links of operation management. At present, video monitoring is a commonly used technical solution in such places, which can provide continuous visual feedback. However, the full play of the monitoring effect depends largely on the continuous attention and accurate judgment of the background personnel on the screen. For example, in areas with complex layout and visual obstruction, such as exhibition halls with partitions or large exhibits, the camera view may be limited. If the visitor temporarily leaves the monitoring range and enters the non-visiting area during the moving process, the existing video monitoring system may have difficulty in identifying and warning in time in some cases, and its ability to actively discover potential risks still has room for optimization. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a monitoring system based on RFID, which realizes automatic grading warning of risks.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the monitoring system based on RFID comprises:

[0006] A deployment module is configured to deploy a plurality of RFID readers in the monitoring area to form a reading and writing network, and record the geographic coordinates of each reader; based on the geographic coordinates of each reader, an electronic map of the monitoring area is constructed, and a spatial buffer analysis is performed based on the center of the hazard source and the hazard source attribute data to obtain the boundaries of areas with different hazard levels; the area within the boundary is divided into two annular monitoring areas;

[0007] A positioning module is configured to provide personnel entering the monitoring area with an identity card with an RFID electronic tag, and scan through the reading and writing network at a preset period to obtain personnel identity information and corresponding real-time location;

[0008] An analysis module is configured to generate a set of personnel distribution points on the electronic map based on the real-time location of the personnel, construct a virtual monitoring plane based on the set of personnel distribution points, and discretize the virtual monitoring plane into a plurality of grid units; the set of distribution points is mapped into the corresponding grid units, and the monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid unit is calculated;

[0009] The judgment module is used for matching the real-time position of the personnel with the two annular monitoring areas, and combining the monitoring coefficients of the grid units where the corresponding personnel positions are located to perform risk fusion calculation to obtain a fusion risk value, if the fusion risk value exceeds a first threshold value, a first-level alarm is triggered, and if the fusion risk value exceeds a second threshold value, a second-level alarm is triggered;

[0010] The processing module is used for sending the alarm information, the corresponding personnel identity information, the real-time position and the fusion risk value to the monitoring center after triggering the alarm, dynamically updating the personnel position and the moving track on the electronic map, and finally obtaining a safety management report.

[0011] The above scheme of the present application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The RFID reading and writing network is constructed to eliminate the visual field limitation of monitoring, and the electronic map constructed based on the coordinates of the reader and the multi-level annular monitoring area division make the risk range around the dangerous source clear and controllable, and avoid the management omission caused by the fuzzy area risk definition; the personnel are provided with the identity credentials with RFID electronic tags to solve the problem that the video monitoring can only capture images and cannot quickly associate the personnel identity, and the reading and writing network is scanned according to the preset period to ensure that the personnel position is continuously traceable; the personnel distribution is converted into the monitoring coefficients of the grid units, the personnel density of each area is quantified, the management personnel can intuitively master the flow distribution law, and the problem that the local area overcrowding is difficult to detect in the overall monitoring is avoided; the fusion risk value is calculated to realize the automatic grading early warning of the risk, compared with the subjectivity and hysteresis of manual judgment, different levels of alarms can be triggered according to the fusion risk value without manual intervention, the high risk conditions of the core dangerous area and the personnel intensive area can be quickly responded, and the misjudgment caused by the single dimension risk determination is avoided; the event whole process data is automatically recorded after the alarm, and the management personnel can analyze the high frequency risk area, the flow peak law and the like based on the report, and the exhibition area layout is optimized, the reader deployment is adjusted or the early warning threshold value is revised. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the RFID-based monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the identity credentials with RFID electronic tags provided for the personnel entering the monitoring area, which are scanned by the reading and writing network at a preset period to obtain the personnel identity information and the corresponding real-time position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0016] As shown in the drawings, embodiments of the present application propose an RFID-based monitoring system, comprising: Figure 1

[0017] a deployment module for deploying a plurality of RFID readers in a monitoring area to form a reading and writing network, and recording the geographic coordinates of each reader; constructing an electronic map of the monitoring area based on the geographic coordinates of each reader, and performing spatial buffer analysis with the dangerous source as the center and in combination with the dangerous source attribute data to obtain the boundaries of areas of different dangerous levels; and dividing the area within the boundaries into two annular monitoring areas;

[0018] a positioning module for providing personnel entering the monitoring area with an identity credential with an RFID electronic tag, and performing scanning through the reading and writing network at a preset period to obtain personnel identity information and corresponding real-time positions;

[0019] an analysis module for generating a personnel distribution point set on the electronic map based on the real-time positions of the personnel, constructing a virtual monitoring plane according to the personnel distribution point set, and discretizing the virtual monitoring plane into a plurality of grid units; mapping the distribution point set into the corresponding grid units, and calculating the monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid units;

[0020] a judgment module for matching the real-time positions of the personnel with the two annular monitoring areas, and performing risk fusion calculation in combination with the monitoring coefficient of the grid unit where the corresponding personnel position is located to obtain a fusion risk value, and triggering a first-level alarm if the fusion risk value exceeds a first threshold value, and triggering a second-level alarm if the fusion risk value exceeds a second threshold value;

[0021] a processing module for sending the alarm information, corresponding personnel identity information, real-time position and fusion risk value to the monitoring center after triggering the alarm, dynamically updating the personnel positions and moving tracks on the electronic map, and finally obtaining a safety management report.

[0022] ​In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the visual limitations of monitoring are eliminated by constructing an RFID read-write network, and the risk range around the hazard source is clearly controllable based on the electronic map constructed based on the coordinates of the readers and the division of the multi-level ring-shaped monitoring zones, avoiding management omissions caused by ambiguous regional risk definition; the problem that video monitoring can only capture images and cannot quickly associate personnel identities is solved by providing personnel with identity credentials with RFID electronic tags, and the read-write network scans at a preset period to ensure that the personnel location is continuously traceable; the personnel distribution is converted into a monitoring coefficient of the grid unit, quantifying the personnel density of each area, allowing management personnel to intuitively grasp the flow distribution law, avoiding the problem of excessive crowding in local areas that is difficult to detect in overall monitoring; the fusion risk value is calculated to realize automatic classification and early warning of risks, compared with the subjectivity and lag of manual judgment, different levels of alarms can be triggered according to the fusion risk value without human intervention, which not only ensures that high-risk situations in core hazard areas and personnel-intensive areas can be quickly responded, but also avoids misjudgment caused by single-dimensional risk determination; after the alarm, the full-process data of the event is automatically recorded, and management personnel can analyze high-frequency risk areas, flow peak laws, etc. based on the report, and optimize the layout of the exhibition area, adjust the deployment of the reader, or revise the warning threshold.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a plurality of RFID readers are deployed in the monitoring area to form a read-write network, and the geographic coordinates of each reader are recorded; an electronic map of the monitoring area is constructed based on the geographic coordinates of each reader, and the region boundaries of different hazard levels are obtained by spatial buffer analysis centered on the hazard source and combined with hazard source attribute data; the region within the region boundary is divided into two ring-shaped monitoring zones, including:

[0024] A plurality of RFID readers are deployed at the main entrance gate of the monitoring area, at the internal load-bearing structure area, and at the emergency passage, forming a read-write network covering the monitoring area, and recording the geographic coordinates of each reader, specifically including: RFID, which can realize non-contact information interaction through wireless radio frequency signals, first determines the key deployment nodes in the monitoring area, i.e. the main entrance gate needs to cover the starting point of personnel entering, and one RFID reader is deployed beside each gate to ensure that the tag signal is stably captured when personnel pass through; the internal load-bearing structure area, such as the load-bearing column of a museum or the surrounding wall of a dangerous and old building support, is deployed with readers at an interval of 5-10 meters to focus on covering the surrounding weak structure points; one reader is deployed at both ends and the intermediate turning point of the emergency passage to avoid signal interruption when personnel move, after deployment, a high-precision handheld GPS (Global Positioning System, which can obtain accurate latitude and longitude coordinates) device is used to collect the latitude and longitude coordinates of each reader, which are recorded to the system database, and the coordinate data is retained to 6 decimal places.

[0025] Based on the geographic coordinates of each reader, an electronic map of the monitoring area is constructed, and the positions of all dangerous sources are marked on the electronic map, specifically including: first, taking the latitude and longitude coordinates of the RFID reader as the reference, opening the geographic information system (GIS) tool, importing the CAD drawing of the building in the monitoring area, establishing a coordinate matching relationship in the tool, and corresponding each reader's coordinate to the corresponding physical position on the drawing, such as the gate, load-bearing column, and channel corner point, etc., through fine tuning to ensure that the scale of the electronic map and the actual space of the monitoring area is 1:1, and the basic electronic map construction is completed, then, according to the list of dangerous sources determined by the preliminary site investigation, find the corresponding position of each dangerous source on the electronic map, such as dangerous and old building ruins, unstable structure wall, and exhibit load-bearing frame, mark them with different icons, such as broken wall icon for dangerous wall, and warning triangle icon for load-bearing frame, and associate basic description information with each icon, such as west exhibition hall dangerous wall and north area cultural relic exhibition stand load-bearing frame.

[0026] The attribute data of each dangerous source is obtained, including the dangerous type, the influence radius, and the dangerous level; according to the dangerous level of each dangerous source, the number of buffer zone levels corresponding to the dangerous source is determined, specifically including: collecting the attribute data of each dangerous source through historical safety records and industry standards, first, determining the dangerous type, mainly divided into building collapse risk and object falling risk, etc.; second, calculating the influence radius, the influence radius of building collapse risk is calculated according to 0.5-1 times of the height of the dangerous source, such as a building with a height of 10 meters, the influence radius is 10 meters x 0.5 to 10 meters x 1, the range is 5-10 meters, and the influence radius of object falling risk is calculated according to the weight, volume and possible falling trajectory of the falling object; third, dividing the dangerous level, combining the dangerous type and the influence radius to formulate clear standards, if the dangerous type is building collapse risk and the influence radius is ≥8 meters, or the dangerous type is object falling risk and the influence radius is ≥5 meters, it is determined as high risk; if the influence radius of building collapse risk is between 5-8 meters, or the influence radius of object falling risk is between 3-5 meters, it is determined as medium risk; if the influence radius of building collapse risk is <5 meters, or the influence radius of object falling risk is <3 meters, it is determined as low risk, then according to the dangerous level, the number of buffer zone levels is determined, that is, high-risk dangerous sources need more detailed risk division, corresponding to 2-level buffer zone; medium-risk dangerous sources can be flexibly adjusted, corresponding to 1-2 level buffer zone; low-risk dangerous sources have clear risk range, corresponding to 1 level buffer zone.

[0027] The ring-shaped buffer zones are generated from inside to outside and the radii gradually increase, each ring-shaped buffer zone represents an independent dangerous area, specifically including: taking each dangerous source position marked on the electronic map as the center, combining the determined influence radius and the number of buffer zone levels, and generating a ring-shaped buffer zone by means of GIS tools, if it is a high-risk dangerous source and corresponds to a 2-level buffer zone, the lower limit of the influence radius is taken as the inner circle radius and the upper limit is taken as the outer circle radius, for example, if the influence radius is 5-10 meters, the inner circle radius is 5 meters and the outer circle radius is 10 meters, two ring-shaped buffer zones with the same center are generated, wherein the inner circle buffer zone represents a high-risk core area and the outer circle buffer zone represents a medium-risk early warning area; if it is a medium-risk dangerous source and corresponds to a 1-level buffer zone, a ring-shaped buffer zone is generated directly with a radius of 6 meters, and the buffer zone represents a medium-risk area, after generation, each ring-shaped buffer zone is given a unique identifier in the generation order, such as a high-risk core area marked as 01 and a medium-risk early warning area marked as 02, which is used to distinguish different dangerous levels.

[0028] The multiple ring-shaped buffer zones are subjected to spatial superposition processing to obtain the complete area boundary of the corresponding dangerous source, wherein each ring-shaped buffer zone area is given a corresponding danger level according to the level; all ring-shaped buffer zone areas of the same dangerous source are subjected to fusion processing to generate the final multi-level dangerous area boundary of the corresponding dangerous source, specifically including: first opening the GIS spatial analysis tool, importing all ring-shaped buffer zone data of the same dangerous source, and performing spatial superposition operation, during the superposition process, if there is an overlapping part between different buffer zones, such as the edge overlap between the high-risk core area and the medium-risk early warning area, the highest danger level involved in the overlapping area is taken as the final danger level of the part, that is, the overlapping area is classified as high risk; if there is an uncovered gap between the buffer zones, such as a 1-meter blank area between the high-risk core area and the medium-risk early warning area, first, the difference in danger levels of adjacent buffer zones is determined, such as a difference of 1 level between high risk and medium risk, then the level difference is evenly distributed to the gap area by linear interpolation, so that the danger level of the gap area gradually transitions from the high-risk end to the medium-risk end, such as a 1-meter gap smoothly transitioning from high risk to medium risk, after completing the superposition and gap filling, the boundary smoothing function of the GIS tool is used to eliminate the polyline corners of all buffer zone boundaries, forming a continuous and breakpoint-free dangerous source multi-level dangerous area boundary, finally, the boundary data is saved and stored in the electronic map database in vector graphics format.

[0029] The area within the boundary of each hazard source is divided into two annular monitoring areas, wherein the area within a preset distance from the center of the hazard source is defined as the first annular monitoring area, and the area within the boundary of the area outside the preset distance is defined as the second annular monitoring area, which specifically comprises: for the multi-level hazard area boundary of each hazard source, first, set the preset distance according to the hazard level, if it is a high-risk hazard source, the preset distance is 1 / 2 of the inner circle radius of the buffer zone, such as the inner circle radius of the buffer zone is 5 meters, the preset distance is 5 meters x 1 / 2 = 2.5 meters; if it is a medium-risk hazard source, the preset distance is 1 / 2 of the radius of the buffer zone, such as the radius of the buffer zone is 6 meters, the preset distance is 6 meters x 1 / 2 = 3 meters; taking the marked position of the hazard source on the electronic map as the center origin, the preset distance as the inner circle radius, the first annular monitoring area is divided in the multi-level hazard area boundary, which is the core hazard area; then taking the preset distance as the inner circle radius and the hazard area boundary as the outer circle radius, the second annular monitoring area is divided, which is the early warning hazard area, after the division, the two annular monitoring areas are color filled on the electronic map, the first annular monitoring area is marked with red color, and the second annular monitoring area is marked with yellow color, the risk levels of the two areas are directly distinguished by color difference.

[0030] In this embodiment, by deploying an RFID reader and combining GPS to obtain accurate coordinates, it is ensured that there is no signal blind area in the monitoring area, and the risk omission judgment problem caused by incomplete coverage is solved; based on the reader coordinates and CAD drawings, a 1:1 electronic map is constructed, the hazard source mark is superimposed, the spatial layout of the monitoring area and the distribution of the risk points are directly visible; the hazard area is divided with objective basis by obtaining the attribute data of the hazard source and matching the buffer level, and subjective judgment deviation is avoided; according to the risk level, a multi-level annular buffer area is generated, the risk is controlled in layers, and the basis for formulating differentiated monitoring strategies for different areas is provided; through buffer superposition fusion and boundary smoothing processing, the gaps and overlapping conflicts between areas are eliminated, a complete and continuous hazard boundary is formed, and the monitoring loopholes caused by unclear boundary are avoided; the annular monitoring area is divided according to the hazard level and is differentially marked, the core hazard area and the early warning area are clearly distinguishable, and it is convenient for management personnel to focus on high-risk areas, optimize resource allocation, and improve the accuracy of safety control.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2 In another preferred embodiment of the present application, the personnel entering the monitoring area are provided with RFID electronic tag identity credentials, which are scanned at a preset period through the reading and writing network to obtain personnel identity information and corresponding real-time positions, including:

[0032] An RFID electronic tag is assigned to each person entering the monitoring area, and the RFID electronic tag pre-stores the identity information of the person, specifically including: at the registration place of the main entrance of the monitoring area, an identity certificate integrated with an RFID electronic tag is assigned to each person entering, a visitor corresponds to an electronic ticket, and a staff member corresponds to a work card; before the assignment, the identity of the person is verified through an identity card reader and other identity verification equipment, and the name and ID number of the person are collected; the basic identity information of the visitor is additionally recorded, such as the visiting batch, and the basic identity information of the staff member is additionally recorded, such as the affiliated unit; then, the identity information is encrypted through an AES encryption algorithm and written into the non-volatile storage unit of the RFID electronic tag through a tag writing device, and a unique 16-bit electronic code is assigned to each tag; the code is associated with the personnel identity information in the system database to ensure that one tag corresponds to one person.

[0033] A radio frequency signal is emitted at a preset time period through a read-write network to cyclically scan the monitoring area; when the RFID electronic tag enters the radio frequency field range of the reader, the response signal containing the identity information is activated and fed back, specifically including: all RFID readers in the read-write network are started, the preset time period is set according to the monitoring accuracy requirement, the personnel-intensive area is set to 8 seconds / time, and the personnel-sparse area is set to 15 seconds / time, to ensure that the reader continuously emits a 915 MHz (ultra-high frequency) radio frequency signal at the set period to cyclically scan the monitoring area; when the person carrying the RFID electronic tag enters the radio frequency field (radius 5-10 meters) range of a reader, the passive tag obtains energy through the induced radio frequency signal to generate an induced current, and the active tag actively receives the radio frequency signal; after the activation of both types of tags, the response signal containing the 16-bit electronic code and the pre-stored encrypted identity information of the tag is automatically fed back to the reader.

[0034] The reader receives the response signal, decodes it to obtain the person's identity information, and records the reception timestamp and the reader's own geographical coordinates. Based on the response signals received by multiple readers and the reader's own geographical coordinates, a positioning algorithm is used to calculate the real-time location of each RFID tag to obtain the person's real-time location. Specifically, after receiving the response signal from the RFID tag, the reader first uses its built-in decoding unit to call the AES decryption algorithm to decrypt the encrypted signal, and then decodes the decrypted signal to extract the person's identity information corresponding to the tag, such as name, ID number, and the tag's unique electronic code. Simultaneously, the reader reads and writes... The device automatically records the signal reception timestamp and its pre-stored latitude and longitude coordinates. For example, the coordinates of reader A are (x1=104.06°, y1=30.67°). If the response signal of the same RFID tag is captured simultaneously by multiple readers within the monitored area, the system will first select the top 3 readers with the strongest signal reception. Based on the triangulation algorithm, it will calculate the real-time location of the tag, i.e., the person carrying the tag. Specifically, it will determine the coordinates of the 3 readers, let these 3 readers be A, B, and C, and their corresponding latitude and longitude coordinates be A(x1, y1), B(x2, y2), and C(x3, y3). For example, A( , B(x2=) y2= C(x3=) y3= The signal detection unit of the reader measures the signal strength received by the three readers from the tag, denoted as S1, S2, and S3. Since signal attenuation increases with distance during propagation, the closer the reader is to the tag, the stronger the received signal. Therefore, signal strength is inversely proportional to the distance between the reader and the tag. Based on this characteristic, the weight of each reader is calculated using the formula: weight = signal strength of a single reader / sum of the signal strengths of the three readers, ensuring that the sum of the three weights is 1. For example, if S1 = 60dBm, S2 = 30dBm, and S3 = 10dBm, then the three readers... The total signal strength of the three readers is 60 + 30 + 10 = 100 dBm, with corresponding weights of 1 = 60 / 100 = 0.6, 2 = 30 / 100 = 0.3, and 3 = 10 / 100 = 0.1. Substituting the coordinates of the three readers and their corresponding weights into the weighted average formula, the real-time latitude and longitude coordinates of the tag are calculated. The formula is x = x1 × weight1 + x2 × weight2 + x3 × weight3, y = y1 × weight1 + y2 × weight2 + y3 × weight3. Assuming x = 104.065° and y = 30.675°, these coordinates represent the real-time location of the person carrying the RFID tag.

[0035] If only a single reader captures the signal, the latitude and longitude of that reader are temporarily used as the reference position for the person carrying the tag. The system continues to track the tag's signal. When the tag enters the radio frequency field of other readers and is simultaneously captured by two or more readers, the system first calculates the current real-time coordinates based on the newly captured reader coordinates and signal strength using the aforementioned triangulation algorithm. Then, it retrieves the reference coordinates stored in the tag's previous three scan cycles from the system database. Let the timestamps corresponding to the three reference coordinates be t1, t2, and t3 (in seconds, and t1 < t2 < t3), and the coordinates be... , , The current real-time coordinates correspond to timestamp t4 (t4 > t3), and the coordinates are... Arrange these 4 sets of time-coordinate data in chronological order as follows: , , , Using time (t) as the horizontal axis, longitude (x) as the vertical axis, and latitude (y) as the vertical axis, substitute these values ​​into the linear fitting formula y = kx + b (where y represents longitude / latitude coordinates and x represents time), and calculate the fitting coefficients k and b. Taking longitude fitting as an example, first calculate the time average tavg = (t1 + t2 + t3 + t4) / 4, and the longitude average xavg = ( + + + ) / 4, then use the formula k=Σ[(ti-tavg)×( Calculate the slope k using [-xavg)] / Σ[(ti-tavg)²] (index i=1 to 4), b=xavg-k×tavg, to obtain the fitted straight line for longitude changing with time; similarly, obtain the fitted straight line for latitude changing with time. The two fitted straight lines together form a smooth movement trajectory curve; select the coordinate points corresponding to two adjacent timestamps, such as... and Calculate the longitude difference Δx = - Latitude difference Δy= - If Δx > 0 and Δy > 0, it is determined that the movement is from northwest to southeast; the speed of movement is calculated by first calculating the straight-line distance between the two points using the latitude and longitude distance formula d = 111 × (111 represents latitude and longitude, approximately equal to kilometers per degree), then calculate the time interval Δt = t4 - t3, and convert Δt to hours. =Δt / 3600), then the moving speed v=d / The speed is measured in kilometers per hour. Finally, based on the generated movement trajectory, which consists of two linearly fitted lines showing the changes in longitude and latitude over time, the reference coordinates recorded when a single reader captured the signal are corrected. This involves first retrieving the reference coordinates to be corrected from the system database and then determining the timestamp corresponding to those coordinates. (Between t1 and t3); then... Substituting each value into the longitude fitting straight line formula x= ×t+ Latitude fitting linear formula y= ×t+ (in , The slope and intercept of the longitude-fitted straight line are given. , (These are the slope and intercept of the latitude-fitted straight line, respectively), calculate... The theoretical coordinates corresponding to time ( , ); compare with the previously recorded reference coordinates ( , ) and theoretical coordinates ( , If the difference between the latitude and longitude of the two coordinates is within 0.0001° (meeting the positioning accuracy requirements), no correction is needed; if the difference exceeds 0.0001°, it is determined that the reference coordinates deviate from the trajectory curve, and the reference coordinates ( , Replace with theoretical coordinates () , ), and then match the corrected coordinates with the corresponding timestamps. Re-associate and update the historical location data table of the person corresponding to the tag to ensure that the location data corresponding to each timestamp throughout the entire time period is consistent with the movement trajectory and conforms to the actual movement of the person.

[0036] This embodiment, by pre-collecting and storing personnel identity information, strongly associates RFID electronic tags with personnel identities, avoiding the problem of recognizing images but not identities during monitoring, thus improving management accuracy; the read / write network scans cyclically according to a preset period, ensuring uninterrupted dynamic tracking of personnel movement; the tag automatically activates upon entering the radio frequency field, requiring no manual intervention, solving the lag problem of manual triggering for positioning in monitoring, and making personnel location perception more timely; through multi-reader data fusion and triangulation algorithms, combined with signal strength to assign weights for calculating real-time location, it reduces the positioning error of a single reader, and even if only a single reader captures a signal, it can provide reference coordinates and subsequent corrections, ensuring reliable real-time personnel location data and providing accurate location basis for functions such as security monitoring and trajectory tracking.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, based on the real-time location of personnel, a personnel distribution point set is generated on the electronic map, a virtual monitoring plane is constructed according to the personnel distribution point set, and the virtual monitoring plane is discretized into a plurality of grid cells; the distribution point set is mapped into the corresponding grid cell, and the monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid cell is calculated, including:

[0038] Based on the real-time location of personnel, a personnel distribution point set is generated on the electronic map, each point representing the real-time location of a personnel; a virtual monitoring plane covering the monitoring area is constructed according to the personnel distribution point set, the virtual monitoring plane being consistent with the spatial range of the electronic map, specifically including: first, the real-time location data (latitude and longitude coordinates) of all personnel is retrieved from the system database, an independent point is marked on the constructed electronic map for the real-time location of each personnel, and all points together form a personnel distribution point set, each point being associated with the RFID electronic tag code of the corresponding personnel, and the personnel identity can be traced; then, the spatial range of the electronic map is taken as a reference to construct a virtual monitoring plane, the longitude range of the virtual monitoring plane being consistent with the longitude range of the electronic map, and the latitude range being consistent with the latitude range of the electronic map, so as to ensure that the virtual monitoring plane can completely cover the entire monitoring area, and the spatial position in the plane corresponds to the physical position of the electronic map one by one.

[0039] The virtual monitoring plane is discretized into a plurality of grid cells of the same size, each grid cell representing an independent monitoring sub-area; each point in the personnel distribution point set is mapped into the corresponding grid cell, and the number of personnel points in each grid cell is counted, specifically including: according to the area of the monitoring area and the management accuracy requirement, the size of the grid cell is determined, for example, if the monitoring area is a rectangle with a longitude span of 0.02° and a latitude span of 0.01°, the virtual monitoring plane can be divided into 0.001°×0.001° grid cells, the virtual monitoring plane is uniformly divided along the longitude and latitude directions by a GIS tool to form a plurality of grid cells of the same size, each grid cell is assigned a unique number, for example, marked in row number and column number format, representing an independent monitoring sub-area, then each point in the personnel distribution point set is traversed, the grid cell to which the point belongs is determined according to the latitude and longitude coordinates of the point, for example, if the coordinates of a point are , , the point falls into the grid cell in the column of longitude and the row of latitude 30.675°, and the point is mapped to the corresponding grid cell, after the traversal is completed, the number of personnel points contained in each grid cell is counted, and recorded as the personnel number value of the grid cell.

[0040] The number of personnel points in each grid cell is divided by the number of personnel points in all grid cells to obtain a monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid cell, specifically including: the number of personnel in all grid cells is counted to calculate the maximum number of personnel, that is, the maximum value of the number of personnel in all grid cells, if the maximum number of personnel is 0 (no personnel distribution), the monitoring coefficients of all grid cells are set to 0; if the maximum number of personnel is greater than 0, the monitoring coefficient is calculated by the formula: monitoring coefficient = personnel number value of a certain grid cell / maximum number of personnel, for example, the personnel number value of a certain grid cell is 15, and the maximum number of personnel of all grid cells is 30, then the monitoring coefficient of the grid cell = 15 / 30 = 0.5; if the personnel number value of another grid cell is 30, the monitoring coefficient = 30 / 30 = 1, to ensure that the monitoring coefficients of all grid cells are between 0 and 1, and the closer the coefficient is to 1, the more personnel in the grid cell.

[0041] In this embodiment, the personnel distribution point set is generated to convert the scattered personnel position data into points visible on the electronic map, so that the management personnel can quickly master the overall personnel distribution; a virtual monitoring plane consistent with the spatial range of the electronic map is constructed to avoid statistical errors caused by spatial misplacement; the virtual monitoring plane is dispersed into independent grid cells to divide the large-scale monitoring area into small-scale sub-areas, realize partition monitoring, and avoid the problem that the personnel-intensive area is ignored in traditional overall monitoring; the monitoring coefficient obtained by the normalization calculation converts the number of personnel in different grid cells into a unified scale quantitative index to intuitively reflect the differences in the degree of personnel concentration in each area; the coefficient value can be directly used as an important basis for risk assessment to help the system quickly identify high-density risk areas, provide data support for optimizing people flow scheduling, and improve the efficiency of safety management.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the real-time position of personnel is matched with two annular monitoring areas, and the monitoring coefficient of the grid cell where the corresponding personnel position is located is combined for risk fusion calculation to obtain a fusion risk value, if the fusion risk value exceeds a first threshold value, a first-level alarm is triggered; if it exceeds a second threshold value, a second-level alarm is triggered, including:

[0043] The real-time position coordinates of each person are subjected to spatial position relationship judgment with the multi-level dangerous area boundary corresponding to each dangerous source. If the real-time position coordinates of the person fall within the range of the first annular monitoring area of any dangerous source, it is determined that the corresponding person is in the first annular monitoring area type. If the real-time position coordinates of the person do not fall within the range of the first annular monitoring area of any dangerous source, but fall within the range of the second annular monitoring area of any dangerous source, it is determined that the corresponding person is in the second annular monitoring area type. If the real-time position coordinates of the person do not fall within the range of the annular monitoring area of any dangerous source, it is determined that the corresponding person is in the safe area type. Specifically, the multi-level dangerous area boundary data of all dangerous sources, including the latitude and longitude range of the first and second annular monitoring areas, and the real-time position coordinates (latitude and longitude) of each person are retrieved from the system database. The real-time position coordinates of a single person are subjected to spatial relationship judgment with the annular monitoring area boundary of each dangerous source one by one through GIS spatial analysis tools. First, the straight-line distance between the person's coordinates and the center of the dangerous source is calculated. If the distance is less than or equal to the radius of the first annular monitoring area, such as a dangerous source with a first annular monitoring area radius of 2 meters and a person with a center distance of 1.8 meters, it is determined that the person is in the first annular monitoring area type. If the distance is greater than the first annular monitoring area radius and less than or equal to the second annular monitoring area radius, such as a second annular monitoring area radius of 5 meters and a person with a center distance of 3.2 meters, it is determined that the person is in the second annular monitoring area type. If the distance is greater than the second annular monitoring area radius of all dangerous sources, it is determined that the person is in the safe area type. After the single person is determined, all persons are processed in turn, and the determination results are stored in association with the person's identity information and real-time coordinates.

[0044] According to the type of the annular monitoring area currently occupied by the person, the corresponding dangerous level weight is obtained, wherein the dangerous level weight of the first annular monitoring area is greater than that of the second annular monitoring area. Specifically, the system presets the corresponding rules of the annular monitoring area type and the dangerous level weight, wherein the first annular monitoring area is the core dangerous area, the dangerous level weight is set to 0.7; the second annular monitoring area is the early warning dangerous area, the dangerous level weight is set to 0.3; the safe area has no risk hidden danger, the dangerous level weight is set to 0. According to the annular monitoring area type of the person, the corresponding dangerous level weight is automatically matched and retrieved, for example, a person determined to be in the first annular monitoring area type obtains a weight of 0.7; a person determined to be in the second annular monitoring area type obtains a weight of 0.3; a person in the safe area obtains a weight of 0.

[0045] The monitoring coefficient of the grid unit corresponding to the position of the personnel is obtained, the danger level weight is weighted with the monitoring coefficient, and a fusion risk value corresponding to the personnel is obtained. Specifically, according to the real-time position coordinates of the personnel, the grid unit to which the personnel belongs is located (by matching the latitude and longitude range of the grid unit with the coordinates), the monitoring coefficient of the grid unit, such as 0.5, is called from the database, the danger level weight and the monitoring coefficient are substituted into a weighted calculation formula, and the fusion risk value = danger level weight x monitoring coefficient. For example, a personnel in the first annular monitoring area, with a weight of 0.7 and a grid monitoring coefficient of 0.6, has a fusion risk value of 0.7 x 0.6 = 0.42; a personnel in the second annular monitoring area, with a weight of 0.3 and a grid monitoring coefficient of 0.8, has a fusion risk value of 0.3 x 0.8 = 0.24; and a personnel in a safe area, with a weight of 0, has a fusion risk value of 0.

[0046] The fusion risk value is compared with a preset first threshold value and a second threshold value, a first-level alarm is triggered when the fusion risk value exceeds the first threshold value, and a second-level alarm is triggered when the fusion risk value exceeds the second threshold value, wherein the second threshold value is greater than the first threshold value. Specifically, the system presets two risk threshold values, wherein the first threshold value is 0.3 (low risk warning line), and the second threshold value is 0.5 (high risk warning line), and the second threshold value is greater than the first threshold value. The fusion risk value of each personnel is compared with the two threshold values. If the fusion risk value is greater than 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.5, a first-level alarm is triggered, such as a field voice prompt and an electronic map yellow highlighted personnel position. If the fusion risk value is greater than 0.5, a second-level alarm is triggered, such as an emergency sound and light alarm and automatic pushing of information to a security terminal. If the fusion risk value is less than or equal to 0.3, no alarm is triggered. After the alarm is triggered, the system automatically records the alarm time, personnel identity, real-time position and fusion risk value.

[0047] In this embodiment, by matching the personnel position with all annular monitoring areas of the danger sources one by one, the risk area type where the personnel is located is determined, the problem of ambiguous determination of the danger area in monitoring is solved, and the personnel belonging to the core danger area, the warning area and the safe area is ensured without omission; different danger level weights are set for different annular monitoring areas, the high risk property of the core danger area and the secondary risk property of the warning area are highlighted, and the risk assessment is more in line with the actual risk degree; the region danger level and the monitoring coefficient are combined to calculate the fusion risk value, the inherent risk of the region where the personnel is located is considered, and the personnel congestion degree of the region is also considered, so as to avoid the deviation caused by single dimension evaluation; different threshold values are set to trigger graded alarms, a first-level alarm is triggered in a low risk case to avoid excessive disturbance, a second-level alarm is triggered in a high risk case to ensure emergency response, and no alarm is triggered in a no risk case to reduce invalid disposal. This grading mechanism not only ensures timely disposal of risks, but also avoids waste of resources, improves the efficiency and rationality of safety management.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, after triggering the alarm, the alarm information, corresponding personnel identity information, real-time position and fusion risk value are sent to the monitoring center, the personnel position and moving track are dynamically updated on the electronic map, and finally the safety management report is obtained, including:

[0049] When triggering the first-level alarm or the second-level alarm, the alarm event record is automatically generated, the alarm event record contains the alarm time, the alarm level, the personnel identity information triggering the alarm, the real-time position coordinates and the corresponding fusion risk value; the alarm event record is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network, after the monitoring center receives the alarm event record, the latest position of the alarm personnel is dynamically updated and displayed on the electronic map, and the moving track of the corresponding personnel is drawn, specifically including: when the system triggers the first-level or second-level alarm, the alarm event record generation program is automatically started, that is, the system time at the alarm triggering time is obtained as the alarm time, the alarm level (first-level or second-level) is determined, then the identity information (name, ID number) of the personnel triggering the alarm, the real-time position coordinates (longitude and latitude) and the fusion risk value are called from the database, these data are integrated into the structured alarm event record, the alarm event record is transmitted to the management server of the monitoring center in real time through the Ethernet or 4G / 5G communication network, after the monitoring center receives the record, the management system automatically locates the real-time position coordinates of the alarm personnel on the electronic map, uses the flashing icon (yellow flashing icon for first-level alarm, red flashing icon for second-level alarm) to highlight, and calls the historical position data of the personnel within the previous 30 minutes, connects each position point in time sequence to generate a smooth moving track line, the track line color is consistent with the alarm icon color, which is convenient for staff to intuitively trace the personnel moving path.

[0050] Based on the alarm event record and the drawn moving track, the state data in the alarm processing process is continuously collected, including personnel position change data, alarm state duration and disposal measure record, and the state data is stored in association with the corresponding alarm event record to generate a safety management report, specifically including: the real-time position change data (coordinates recorded every 5 seconds) of the alarm personnel is obtained through the RFID read-write network, the alarm state duration (the time difference from the alarm triggering time to the alarm release time, such as the alarm triggering time is 14:05:20, the release time is 14:10:35, the duration = 14:10:35-14:05:20 = 5 minutes and 15 seconds, which is converted to 315 seconds) is calculated, and at the same time, through the operation terminal of the monitoring center, the disposal measure record is input by the staff, such as notifying the on-site security personnel to guide, reminding the personnel to leave the dangerous area through broadcast, the collected position change data, duration, disposal measure record and the corresponding alarm event record are associated through the unique alarm number, and stored in the system database, then, the system extracts all alarm event records and associated state data from the database according to the daily / weekly / monthly period, classifies and statistics according to the alarm level (first alarm, second alarm), alarm area (the first ring-shaped monitoring area, the second ring-shaped monitoring area corresponding to each dangerous source, different exhibition halls or functional areas), disposal result, such as personnel successfully evacuating the dangerous area, alarm release, disposal timeout and the like, for example, the number of first alarms and the number of second alarms per day are counted, the proportion of the number of high-risk area alarms to the total number of alarms, and the alarm proportion of different disposal results are calculated, and a safety management report containing a data table is automatically generated.

[0051] In this embodiment, the alarm information is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network, avoiding the disposal lag caused by information delay; the dynamic position update and track drawing on the electronic map enable the staff to quickly master the alarm personnel dynamics without repeatedly checking the data, solving the problems of information fragmentation and tracking difficulty in monitoring; the continuous collection of state data and the association of alarm records completely retain the whole process information from the triggering to the release of the alarm, avoiding the omission of information in the disposal process; the safety management report generated according to the period clearly presents the alarm law through multi-dimensional statistics, providing data support for the management personnel to review the safety loopholes and optimize the monitoring strategy, such as adjusting the density of the high-risk area reader and optimizing the alarm threshold.

[0052] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled personnel in the technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An RFID-based monitoring system, characterized in that, include: The deployment module is used to deploy multiple RFID readers within the monitored area to form a reading and writing network, and to record the geographical coordinates of each reader. An electronic map of the monitoring area is constructed based on the geographic coordinates of each reader / writer. Spatial buffer analysis is performed with the hazard source as the center and the hazard source attribute data is combined to obtain the area boundaries of different hazard levels. The area within the area boundary is divided into two ring-shaped monitoring zones. The positioning module is used to equip personnel entering the monitored area with RFID electronic tags as identification credentials. It scans the tags at preset intervals through a read / write network to obtain personnel identification information and their corresponding real-time location. The analysis module is used to generate a set of personnel distribution points on an electronic map based on the real-time location of personnel, construct a virtual monitoring plane based on the personnel distribution point set, and discretize the virtual monitoring plane into multiple grid cells; map the distribution point set to the corresponding grid cells, and calculate the monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid cells; The judgment module is used to match the real-time location of personnel with two ring monitoring zones, and perform risk fusion calculation by combining the monitoring coefficient of the grid cell where the corresponding personnel location is located to obtain a fused risk value. If the fused risk value exceeds the first threshold, a level one alarm is triggered; if it exceeds the second threshold, a level two alarm is triggered. The processing module is used to send alarm information, corresponding personnel identity information, real-time location and fused risk value to the monitoring center after an alarm is triggered. It dynamically updates the personnel location and movement trajectory on the electronic map and finally obtains a safety management report.

2. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple RFID readers are deployed within the monitored area to form a reading and writing network, and the geographical coordinates of each reader are recorded. An electronic map of the monitored area is constructed based on the geographical coordinates of each reader, and spatial buffer analysis is performed with the hazard source as the center, combined with the hazard source attribute data, to obtain the boundaries of areas with different hazard levels. The area within the regional boundary is divided into two ring-shaped monitoring zones, including: Multiple RFID readers are deployed at the main entrance gate, the internal load-bearing structure area, and the emergency exit of the monitored area to form a reading and writing network covering the monitored area, and the geographical coordinates of each reader are recorded. Based on the geographical coordinates of each reader, an electronic map of the monitored area is constructed, and the locations of all hazards are marked on the electronic map; Taking each hazard source on the electronic map as the center, and combining the attribute data of the corresponding hazard source, including hazard type, influence radius and hazard level, spatial buffer analysis is performed to generate the area boundary of different hazard levels for each hazard source; The area within the boundary of each hazard source is divided into two ring-shaped monitoring zones. The area within a preset distance from the center of the hazard source is defined as the first ring-shaped monitoring zone, and the area outside the preset distance but within the boundary of the area is defined as the second ring-shaped monitoring zone.

3. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Centered on each hazard source on the electronic map, and combining the corresponding hazard source's attribute data, including hazard type, influence radius, and hazard level, spatial buffer analysis is performed to generate regional boundaries for different hazard levels corresponding to each hazard source, including: Acquire the attribute data for each hazard source, including hazard type, influence radius, and hazard level; determine the number of buffer zones for each hazard source based on its hazard level. Centered on the location of each hazard source, and according to the influence radius and number of buffer zones for each hazard source, annular buffer zones with progressively increasing radii are generated from the inside out, where each annular buffer zone represents an independent hazard area; Multiple annular buffer zones are spatially superimposed to obtain the complete boundary of the corresponding hazard source. Each annular buffer zone is assigned a corresponding hazard level according to its level. All annular buffer zones of the same hazard source are merged to generate the final multi-level hazard zone boundary of the corresponding hazard source.

4. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Personnel entering the monitored area are equipped with RFID electronic tags as identification credentials. These tags are scanned at preset intervals via a read / write network to obtain personnel identification information and their corresponding real-time location, including: Each person entering the monitored area is assigned an RFID electronic tag, which pre-stores the person's identity information. The reader transmits radio frequency signals at preset time intervals through the reader network to scan the monitored area in a loop. When the RFID electronic tag enters the radio frequency field range of the reader, it is activated and a response signal containing identity information is fed back. The reader receives the response signal, decodes it to obtain the person's identity information, and records the receiving timestamp and the reader's own geographical coordinates. Based on the response signals received by multiple readers and the reader's own geographical coordinates, the real-time location of each RFID tag is calculated through a positioning algorithm to obtain the person's real-time location.

5. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the real-time location of personnel, a set of personnel distribution points is generated on the electronic map. A virtual monitoring plane is constructed based on the personnel distribution point set, and the virtual monitoring plane is discretized into multiple grid units. Map the distribution point set to the corresponding grid cells, and calculate the monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid cells, including: Based on the real-time location of personnel, a set of personnel distribution points is generated on the electronic map, with each point representing the real-time location of a person; based on the personnel distribution point set, a virtual monitoring plane covering the monitoring area is constructed, and the virtual monitoring plane is consistent with the spatial range of the electronic map; The virtual monitoring plane is discretized into multiple grid cells of uniform size, each grid cell representing an independent monitoring sub-area; each point in the personnel distribution point set is mapped to the corresponding grid cell, and the number of personnel points in each grid cell is counted; The monitoring coefficient of the corresponding grid cell is obtained by calculating the ratio of the number of personnel points in each grid cell to the total number of personnel points in all grid cells.

6. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The real-time location of personnel is matched with two ring-shaped monitoring areas, and the risk fusion calculation is performed by combining the monitoring coefficient of the grid unit where the corresponding personnel location is located to obtain the fusion risk value. If the fusion risk value exceeds the first threshold, a level one alarm is triggered. If the second threshold is exceeded, a level two alarm will be triggered, including: Match the real-time location of each person with the ring-shaped monitoring area corresponding to all hazards to determine the type of ring-shaped monitoring area in which the corresponding person is currently located. Based on the type of the ring-shaped monitoring zone where the personnel are currently located, the corresponding risk level weight is obtained, where the risk level weight of the first ring-shaped monitoring zone is greater than that of the second ring-shaped monitoring zone. Obtain the monitoring coefficient of the grid cell corresponding to the location of the personnel, and calculate the fusion risk value of the corresponding personnel by weighting the hazard level weight with the monitoring coefficient. The fusion risk value is compared with a preset first threshold and a second threshold. When the fusion risk value exceeds the first threshold, a level one alarm is triggered. When the fusion risk value exceeds the second threshold, a level two alarm is triggered, where the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

7. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Match each person's real-time location with the corresponding ring-shaped monitoring zones for all hazard sources to determine the type of ring-shaped monitoring zone the person is currently in, including: The spatial relationship between the real-time location coordinates of each person and the boundary of the multi-level hazard zone corresponding to each hazard source is determined. If the real-time location coordinates of a person fall within the first ring monitoring zone of any hazard source, the person is determined to be in the first ring monitoring zone type. If the real-time location coordinates of a person do not fall within the first ring monitoring zone of any hazard source, but fall within the second ring monitoring zone of any hazard source, the person is determined to be in the second ring monitoring zone type. If the real-time location coordinates of a person do not fall within the ring monitoring zone of any hazard source, the person is determined to be in the safe zone type.

8. The RFID-based monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, After an alarm is triggered, the alarm information, corresponding personnel identification information, real-time location, and fused risk value are sent to the monitoring center. The personnel's location and movement trajectory are dynamically updated on the electronic map, ultimately generating a safety management report, including: When a Level 1 or Level 2 alarm is triggered, an alarm event record is automatically generated. The alarm event record includes the alarm time, alarm level, identity information of the person who triggered the alarm, real-time location coordinates, and corresponding fusion risk value. The alarm event record is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network. After receiving the alarm event record, the monitoring center dynamically updates and displays the latest location of the person who triggered the alarm on the electronic map and draws the movement trajectory of the corresponding person. Based on alarm event records and drawn movement trajectories, the system continuously collects status data during the alarm handling process, including personnel location change data, alarm status duration, and handling measures records. The status data is then associated and stored with the corresponding alarm event records to generate safety management reports.

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