Electric machine, compressor and refrigeration device

Abstract

This invention discloses an electric motor, a compressor, and a refrigeration device, relating to the field of refrigeration equipment technology. The motor comprises a rotor and a stator, with the rotor rotatably disposed within the stator. The thickness of the permanent magnet in the magnetization direction is h. m And the coercivity is H cj The rotor has p poles; the stator includes a stator core, which comprises multiple stacked first stator laminations and multiple second stator laminations. The first stator laminations are made of silicon steel, and the total length of all first stator laminations along the stator axial direction is h1; the second stator laminations are made of amorphous alloy, and the total length of all second stator laminations along the stator axial direction is h2. At least one first stator lamination is located at the lowest end of the stator core along the axial direction. The technical solution provided by this invention, through relevant parameter constraints, strikes a balance between retaining the low iron loss advantage of amorphous alloy materials and achieving reliable assembly of the stator and the main housing. This avoids compression of the amorphous core, thereby reducing costs and improving compressor energy efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigeration equipment technology, and particularly to a motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Using amorphous materials to make the stator core can greatly improve the energy efficiency of the motor. To take advantage of the low iron loss characteristics of amorphous materials, the stator core in the relevant scheme is made of amorphous laminations stacked together. The outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the compressor main housing. It is fixed by a heat fitting process (the main housing is heated and expanded and then fitted into the stator, and after cooling, it is interference-fitted). In order to avoid the compressor main housing squeezing the amorphous stator core, which would seriously affect its performance, the relevant scheme needs to add an additional fixing bracket (such as an annular end plate) to indirectly connect the stator core and the main housing, so as to avoid the amorphous material being directly stressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a motor, compressor, and refrigeration equipment that aims to achieve reliable fixation of the amorphous stator core without the use of additional supports, while avoiding performance degradation caused by compression.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a motor comprising:

[0005] A rotor, wherein a permanent magnet is disposed within the rotor; the thickness of the permanent magnet in the magnetization direction is h. m And the coercivity is H cj The rotor has p poles; and

[0006] A stator, in which the rotor is rotatably disposed, comprises a stator core, the stator core including a stator yoke and a plurality of stator teeth disposed inside the stator yoke. The minimum width of the stator teeth along the stator circumference is a1, and the minimum width of the stator yoke in the stator radial direction is a2. The stator core includes a plurality of first stator laminations and a plurality of second stator laminations stacked together. The first stator laminations are made of silicon steel, and the total length of all first stator laminations along the stator axial direction is h1. The second stator laminations are made of amorphous alloy, and the total length of all second stator laminations along the stator axial direction is h2. At least one first stator lamination is located at the lowest point along the axial direction of the stator core. The maximum relative permeability of the first stator lamination is μ1, and the maximum relative permeability of the second stator lamination is μ2. The following relationship is satisfied: .

[0007] In one embodiment, at least one stator tooth of the first stator lamination is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove being filled with an iron core portion, the maximum relative permeability of the iron core portion being μ3, satisfying μ3>μ1.

[0008] In one embodiment, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first stator lamination perpendicular to the stator axis is S, the number of slots in the stator is q, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the core is S1, the remanent magnetization of the permanent magnet is Br, and the cross-sectional area of ​​all permanent magnets under any magnetic pole of the rotor perpendicular to the rotor axis is S3, satisfying the following relationship: .

[0009] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the outer edge of the core portion and the outer edge of the stator tooth portion is d, where d / a1≥0.1.

[0010] In one embodiment, the core portion is made of an amorphous alloy material.

[0011] In one embodiment, the stator core includes two first core segments disposed along its axial direction and a second core segment located between the two first core segments, wherein the first core segment includes at least one first stator lamination and the second core segment includes a plurality of second stator laminations.

[0012] In one embodiment, the stator core is provided with a plurality of first core segments and a plurality of second core segments along the axial direction, the plurality of second core segments being located between two adjacent first core segments; each first core segment includes at least one first stator lamination, and each second core segment includes a plurality of second stator laminations.

[0013] In one embodiment, the stator core is composed of a plurality of first stator laminations and a plurality of second stator laminations stacked sequentially along the axial direction.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first stator lamination and the second stator lamination are bonded and fixed together by epoxy adhesive.

[0015] In one embodiment, two adjacent second stator laminations are bonded and fixed together with epoxy adhesive; two adjacent first stator laminations are fixed together by rivets or by epoxy adhesive.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a compressor, including a main housing, a motor and a pump assembly as described above, wherein the motor and the pump assembly are both disposed within the main housing, the first stator lamination is interference-fitted with the main housing, and the second stator lamination is clearance-fitted with the main housing; the pump assembly is located below the motor, and the pump assembly includes a crankshaft, which is driven by the rotor.

[0017] In one embodiment, the stator and the main housing are connected by a heat-fitting assembly; and after the heat-fitting assembly is completed, the first stator lamination is fixed at the position corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the main housing by laser welding or argon arc welding.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a refrigeration device, including the compressor described above.

[0019] The technical solution of this invention, through a stacked stator lamination assembly (stator laminations of amorphous alloy material and silicon steel material), protects the amorphous alloy laminations from compression while retaining their low iron loss advantage without the need for additional supports. The first stator lamination (silicon steel) bears the compression, preventing damage to the amorphous structure. The mechanical strength of the first stator lamination (silicon steel) is much higher than that of the amorphous alloy, and it is directly assembled with the main shell through an interference fit. During the interference fit, the radial compression force of the main shell is borne by the silicon steel lamination. The amorphous alloy lamination (second stator lamination), because it does not directly contact the main shell (or only bears the small indirect stress transmitted by the silicon steel lamination), avoids brittle fracture or structural distortion caused by radial compression, ensuring that the magnetic properties (such as permeability and iron loss) of the amorphous material are not damaged. In this way, the interference fit between the silicon steel lamination and the main shell can directly achieve radial positioning and fixation of the stator without the need for additional supports, simplifying the assembly process (eliminating the support installation and positioning steps) and reducing structural complexity. The second stator lamination (amorphous alloy) ensures the advantage of low iron loss. The low iron loss characteristics of the second stator lamination (amorphous alloy) can significantly reduce the eddy current loss and hysteresis loss of the stator core, thereby reducing the total motor loss (iron loss accounts for a large proportion of motor loss) and achieving energy efficiency improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the electric motor;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a stator embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the stator provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the stator teeth are provided with an iron core portion;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another embodiment in which the stator teeth are provided with an iron core portion;

[0027] Figure 7 A comparison chart of the energy efficiency of conventional compressors and the compressor provided by this invention under different operating conditions;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing how the compressor's energy efficiency and stator holding force change with the ratio of h2 / (h1+h2);

[0029] Figure 9 The demagnetization rate of the motor varies with Trend graph of changes at different ratios;

[0030] Figure 10 For compressor energy efficiency Trend graph showing changes at different ratios.

[0031] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0032] 100. Rotor; 110. Permanent magnet;

[0033] 200, Stator; 210, Stator core; 211, Stator yoke; 212, Stator teeth; 212a, Mounting slot; 210a, First stator lamination; 210b, Second stator lamination; 220, First core section; 230, Second core section; 240, Core section;

[0034] 300. Pump body assembly; 310. Crankshaft;

[0035] 400. Main shell.

[0036] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0039] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0040] Using amorphous alloy materials to make stator cores can significantly reduce iron loss and improve motor efficiency. However, amorphous materials are brittle, and radial extrusion during interference fit of the main shell can cause stress damage to the amorphous structure, leading to a decrease in magnetic properties (such as reduced permeability and increased iron loss), which will prevent the goal of improving energy efficiency from being achieved.

[0041] To prevent the amorphous iron core from being squeezed, traditional solutions require additional fixing brackets to secure the stator. This involves both the installation and positioning assembly of the brackets, as well as the space occupied by the brackets, which increases the complexity of the structure.

[0042] To address this, the present invention proposes a motor, a compressor, and a refrigeration device. The aim is to find a balance between retaining the low iron loss advantage of amorphous alloy materials and achieving reliable assembly of the stator and main housing. This avoids compression of the amorphous iron core and eliminates the need for additional supports, thereby simplifying the process, reducing costs, and improving compressor energy efficiency.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the motor is used in a compressor. The compressor includes a main housing 400, a pump assembly 300, and a motor. Both the motor and the pump assembly 300 are housed within the main housing 400, with the pump assembly 300 located below the motor. The compressor drives the pump assembly 300 via the motor to achieve the compression and circulation of the refrigerant. The main housing 400 is the outer shell structure of the compressor, used to house core components such as the motor and pump assembly 300, and also provides the mounting foundation and structural support for the stator 200. (Refer to reference...) Figure 2 The motor includes a stator 200 and a rotor 100. The stator 200 is the stationary part of the motor. The rotor 100 is rotatably disposed within the stator 200 and achieves energy conversion through electromagnetic induction. The pump body assembly 300 is located below the motor and is driven by the rotor 100 through a crankshaft 310, converting the rotational motion of the motor into the mechanical motion of compressing the refrigerant.

[0044] The rotor 100 contains a permanent magnet 110; the thickness of the permanent magnet 110 in the magnetization direction is h. m And the coercivity is H cj (Unit is A / m. Coercivity is an inherent property of permanent magnet materials and is usually determined by the material grade); The number of poles of rotor 100 is p.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 To allow the stator 200 to utilize the low iron loss advantage of amorphous alloy materials without requiring a fixed support, the stator 200 includes a stator core 210. The stator core 210 includes a stator yoke 211 and multiple stator teeth 212 located inside the stator yoke 211. The minimum width of the stator teeth 212 along the circumference of the stator 200 is a1, and the minimum width of the stator yoke 211 in the radial direction of the stator 200 is a2. 210 includes a plurality of first stator laminations 210a and a plurality of second stator laminations 210b stacked together. The first stator laminations 210a are made of silicon steel, and their total length along the stator axial direction is h1. The second stator laminations 210b are made of amorphous alloy, and their total length along the stator axial direction is h2. At least one first stator lamination 210a is located at the lowest end of the stator core 210 along the axial direction, satisfying the following relationship: , .

[0046] First stator lamination 210a: Made of silicon steel, it has high mechanical strength and certain magnetic properties. As a "stress support layer", it is used to withstand the radial compressive stress during the interference fit of the main shell 400.

[0047] The second stator lamination 210b is made of amorphous alloy material (such as iron-based amorphous alloy strip) and has extremely low iron loss. As a "low-loss functional layer", it is used to reduce the overall iron loss of the stator core 210 and improve the motor energy efficiency.

[0048] h1: The total length of all first stator laminations 210a stacked along the axial direction (i.e., the total axial thickness of the silicon steel lamination group); h2: The total length of all second stator laminations 210b stacked along the axial direction (i.e., the total axial thickness of the amorphous alloy lamination group).

[0049] The total axial length of stator 200 is H = h1 + h2.

[0050] Amorphous alloy is used in the main body (with a large proportion of h2) by using h2 / (h1+h2) to reduce iron loss, while silicon steel is placed at the axial ends (at least the bottom end) to enhance structural reliability. That is, the total length of the second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy) accounts for 60%~92% of the total length of the stator 200. If the proportion of amorphous alloy is less than 60% (i.e., the proportion of silicon steel is too high), the overall iron loss of the stator 200 will increase due to the increased proportion of silicon steel, and the low iron loss advantage of amorphous materials cannot be reflected. If the proportion of amorphous alloy is higher than 92% (i.e., the proportion of silicon steel is too low), the "supporting role" of the silicon steel lamination is weakened, which may lead to insufficient overall stiffness of the stator 200 (excessive deformation of the silicon steel lamination during interference fit, indirectly transmitting stress to the amorphous lamination exceeding its bearing limit), which may cause damage to the amorphous structure and affect its performance.

[0051] Through the layered design of silicon steel laminations and amorphous alloy laminations, the stator 200 can be directly interference-fitted with the main shell 400 (the silicon steel laminations bear the compression), while the amorphous alloy laminations are "wrapped" or "spaced-supported" by the silicon steel laminations (such as silicon steel laminations at both ends of the stator 200 axially, and amorphous laminations in the middle). This avoids stress on the amorphous material and eliminates the need for additional supports, achieving the goal of fixing the stator 200 without supports while simultaneously possessing the low iron loss characteristics of amorphous materials.

[0052] Furthermore, .

[0053] In the molecule:

[0054] a1 is the minimum circumferential width of the stator teeth, which affects the magnetic flux carrying capacity of the teeth.

[0055] a2 is the minimum radial width of the stator yoke, which determines the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic circuit loop.

[0056] (a1+a2) can be regarded as the sum of the main magnetic circuit dimensions of the stator, reflecting the "capacity" of the magnetic circuit.

[0057] (h1×μ1+h2×μ2) is the equivalent maximum relative permeability of the stator core.

[0058] In the denominator:

[0059] (h1+h2) is the total axial length of the stator.

[0060] h m The thickness (radial) in the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 110 affects the air gap magnetomotive force.

[0061] H cj The intrinsic coercivity of the permanent magnet 110 is its resistance to demagnetization.

[0062] p is the number of poles, which affects the magnetic flux per pole and the magnetic field strength for reverse demagnetization.

[0063] A ratio ≥0.2 ensures sufficient stator magnetic permeability, preventing insufficient air gap magnetic flux density and torque reduction due to excessive magnetic reluctance; a ratio ≤0.45 prevents an overly "strong" magnetic circuit or an overly "weak" permanent magnet 110, which could cause the permanent magnet 110's operating point to be too close to the demagnetization inflection point. Thus, the stator is primarily composed of amorphous alloy with reliable silicon steel end protection, and the overall magnetic circuit parameters are matched to those of the permanent magnet 110. Based on this hybrid stator structure using silicon steel end protection and an amorphous alloy body for reduced losses, a balance between high efficiency, high reliability, and anti-demagnetization performance is achieved by controlling the material ratio and matching electromagnetic parameters.

[0064] The technical solution of this invention, through a stacked stator lamination assembly (stator laminations of amorphous alloy material and silicon steel material), protects the amorphous alloy laminations from compression while retaining their low iron loss advantage without the need for additional supports. The first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel material) bears the compression, avoiding damage to the amorphous structure. The mechanical strength of the first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel material) is much higher than that of the amorphous alloy, and it is directly assembled with the main shell 400 through an interference fit. During the interference fit, the radial extrusion force of the main shell 400 is borne by the silicon steel lamination. The second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy material), because it does not directly contact the main shell 400 (or only bears the small indirect stress transmitted by the silicon steel lamination), avoids brittle fracture or structural distortion caused by radial compression, ensuring that the magnetic properties (such as permeability and iron loss) of the amorphous material are not damaged. Thus, the interference fit between the silicon steel laminations and the main housing 400 directly enables the radial positioning and fixation of the stator 200 without the need for additional supports, simplifying the assembly process (eliminating the need for support installation and positioning procedures) and reducing structural complexity. The second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy material) ensures low iron loss. The second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy material) accounts for 60% to 92% of the total material. The low iron loss characteristics of the amorphous alloy can significantly reduce the eddy current loss and hysteresis loss of the stator core 210, thereby reducing the total motor loss (iron loss accounts for a significant portion of motor loss) and improving energy efficiency.

[0065] Furthermore, at least one stator tooth 212 of the first stator lamination 210a is provided with a mounting groove 212a, and the mounting groove 212a is filled with an iron core portion 240. The maximum relative permeability of the iron core portion 240 is μ3, satisfying μ3>μ1. By introducing a high-permeability iron core portion 240, the magnetic flux density in this region can be increased, thereby improving the overall efficiency or performance of the motor. In one embodiment, the mounting groove 212a is circular; in other embodiments, the mounting groove 212a is a triangle, quadrilateral, or a pattern composed of straight lines and arcs. In this embodiment, the iron core portion 240 is made of an amorphous alloy material. In other embodiments, other high-permeability materials may also be used.

[0066] Specifically, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the first stator lamination 210a perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator 200 is S, the number of slots in the stator 200 is q, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the core portion 240 is S1, the remanent magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnet 110 is Br, and the cross-sectional area of ​​all permanent magnets 110 under any magnetic pole of the rotor 100 perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor 100 is S3, satisfying the following relationship: .

[0067] If the ratio is less than 10, the magnetic flux is insufficient and the output torque is too low; if the ratio is greater than 22, the magnetic circuit is oversaturated or the cost is too high. By controlling the above parameters within the range of 10 to 22, cogging torque can be effectively suppressed and sufficient output capacity can be ensured while using an amorphous alloy stator.

[0068] Specifically, the minimum distance between the outer edge of the core portion 240 and the outer edge of the stator tooth portion 212 is d, where d / a1≥0.1; in order to improve magnetic performance while ensuring mechanical strength.

[0069] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The stator tooth section 212 is the inwardly protruding part of the stator core used to support the windings and form the main magnetic circuit. The core section 240 is a high-permeability material embedded in the stator tooth mounting groove 212a. d is the minimum radial or circumferential distance (referring to radial thickness) between the outer edge of the core section 240 (near the air gap side) and the outer edge of the stator tooth section (i.e., the surface closest to the rotor). a1 is the minimum width of the stator tooth section along the circumferential direction (i.e., the narrowest point of the tooth width). The formula indicates that the core section 240 cannot be too close to the outer edge of the tooth section, and at least 10% of the original lamination material (silicon steel) must be retained as the "skeleton". By limiting the minimum distance d between the outer edge of the core section 240 and the outer edge of the stator tooth section, satisfying d / a1≥0.1, the effective reinforcement effect of the high-permeability core section 240 on the magnetic circuit is ensured, while sufficient original lamination material is retained to maintain the mechanical strength and anti-saturation capability of the tooth section.

[0070] Reference Figure 3 Specifically, the maximum diameter of the first stator lamination 210a is D1, and the maximum diameter of the second stator lamination 210b is D2, where D1 > D2.

[0071] Specifically, the gap between the inner wall of the main shell 400 and the second stator lamination 210b ranges from 0.02mm to 0.15mm. The maximum inner diameter of the main shell is D3, where D1 > D3 > D2, and 0.02mm ≤ D3 - D2 ≤ 0.15mm.

[0072] The first stator lamination 210a (made of silicon steel) has a maximum diameter of D1. Its outer circumferential surface is the force-bearing surface that mates with the main housing 400, and must meet the interference fit requirements. The outer circumferential surface of the first stator lamination 210a will directly contact the inner wall of the main housing 400 and form an interference fit. During interference fit assembly, the radial shrinkage force of the main housing 400 is completely borne by the silicon steel lamination, ensuring a rigid connection between the stator 200 and the main housing 400 (without circumferential movement or axial loosening).

[0073] The second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy material) has a maximum diameter of D2. Its outer circumferential surface is a non-mating surface and does not directly contact the inner wall of the main shell 400 (there is a certain gap). There is an annular gap between the outer circumferential surface of the amorphous alloy lamination and the inner wall of the main shell 400, so it does not directly bear the radial extrusion force of the interference fit. Amorphous alloy material is highly brittle, and this gap design can prevent it from developing micro-cracks or structural distortions due to extrusion, thereby protecting the disordered atomic arrangement structure of the amorphous alloy (the amorphous structure is the core reason for low iron loss).

[0074] By designing a diameter difference of D1>D2, the support structure that allows the first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel material) to contact the main shell 400 is made smaller, and the second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy material) is not subjected to greater compressive force from the main shell 400, thus achieving reliable assembly without a support frame and protection of amorphous materials.

[0075] Regarding the arrangement of the first stator lamination 210a and the second stator lamination 210b.

[0076] Reference Figure 3 In one embodiment, the stator core 210 includes two first core segments 220 disposed along its axial direction and a second core segment 230 located between the two first core segments 220. The first core segment 220 includes at least one first stator lamination 210a, and the second core segment 230 includes a plurality of second stator laminations 210b.

[0077] The first core segment 220 (support segment) is formed by stacking at least one first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel material) along the axial direction, and has high mechanical strength and good magnetic permeability. Each first core segment 220 includes at least one first stator lamination 210a (the number of laminations can be increased according to the total length of the stator and the interference fit of the main shell 400, for example, 2 to 5 laminations, to ensure support strength).

[0078] The second core section 230 is formed by stacking multiple second stator laminations 210b (amorphous alloy material) along the axial direction. It includes multiple second stator laminations 210b (the number is determined according to the total length of the stator and the amorphous ratio requirement, usually 5 to 20 pieces, accounting for 60% to 92% of the total number of stator laminations).

[0079] The second core segment 230 serves as the intermediate main body, with its two axial ends tightly fitted to the inner end faces of the two first core segments 220 in the axial direction (axial compression is achieved through stacking fixtures to ensure the rigidity of the overall structure). The interference fit between the stator core 210 and the main shell 400 is achieved only through the first core segments 220 (silicon steel) at both axial ends. During interference fitting, the radial shrinkage force of the main shell 400 is entirely borne by the silicon steel laminations. The upper first core segment 220 (total thickness a) and the lower first core segment 220 (total thickness b) have a total thickness of h1 = a + b. The stator core 210 is fixed inside the main shell 400 as a whole by the first core segments 220 made of silicon steel at both ends, without the need for additional supports.

[0080] The second core segment 230 (amorphous alloy material) is located between the two first core segments 220, and its axial ends are "wrapped" by the first core segments 220. Therefore, it does not contact the inner wall of the main shell 400 at all (radial gap 0.02mm~0.15mm). From the spatial layout, it avoids the radial extrusion force during interference fit from acting directly on the amorphous alloy stamping.

[0081] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment, the stator core 210 is provided with a plurality of first core segments 220 and a plurality of second core segments 230 along the axial direction, and the plurality of second core segments 230 are respectively located between two adjacent first core segments 220; each first core segment 220 includes at least one first stator lamination 210a, and each second core segment 230 is formed by stacking a plurality of second stator laminations 210b.

[0082] Multiple first core segments 220 (e.g., 3 or 4), each containing at least one first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel material) as spacer support.

[0083] Multiple second core segments 230 (number = number of first core segments 220 - 1), each containing multiple second stator laminations 210b (amorphous alloy material), located between two adjacent first core segments 220.

[0084] The multiple first iron core segments 220 and multiple second iron core segments 230 are distributed alternately in a "support-function-support" manner, forming multiple support points (each first iron core segment 220 is interference-fitted with the main shell 400).

[0085] For example, three first core segments 220 and two second core segments 230 constitute the stator core 210 (the total length of the stator core 210 is H=h1+h2), and the length of each second core segment 230 can be adjusted independently (the proportion still needs to meet 60% to 92%).

[0086] In one embodiment, the stator core 210 is composed of multiple first stator laminations 210a and multiple second stator laminations 210b stacked sequentially along the axial direction. It can be constructed by directly stacking a single first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel) and a single second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy) sequentially along the axial direction, or by small-batch combination stacking (e.g., 2 first stator laminations 210a + 3 second stator laminations 210b + 2 first stator laminations 210a + 3 second stator laminations 210b). Different energy efficiency targets can be flexibly adapted by adjusting the number of individual laminations (e.g., increasing the amorphous alloy content from 75% to 85% only requires reducing the number of first laminations), thus meeting customized needs. Furthermore, the first laminations are uniformly distributed, and the radial compressive stress is shared by multiple silicon steel laminations, resulting in less stress on the amorphous laminations.

[0087] Specifically, two adjacent first stator laminations 210a are fixed together by rivets or glue, the first stator laminations 210a and the second stator laminations 210b are fixed together by glue, and two adjacent second stator laminations 210b are fixed together by glue.

[0088] The first stator lamination 210a is made of silicon steel, possessing high mechanical strength. The fixing method for adjacent laminations must meet the requirements of high mechanical connection strength and adaptability to interference fit stress. Specifically, there are two solutions: riveting (the mainstream solution) and adhesive bonding (an auxiliary / alternative solution). Riveting: Rivets and rivet holes are set on the outer or inner circumference of the silicon steel lamination (avoiding the toothed area). (For example, a semi-punched rivet: a raised "rivet" is stamped on the lamination, and a recessed "rivet hole" is stamped at the corresponding position). When adjacent laminations are stacked, the rivets of the upper lamination are pressed into the rivet holes of the lower lamination using a stamping die, forming a mechanical interlocking fixation. Riveting is a traditional and mature process, with low cost and high production efficiency, suitable for mass production.

[0089] Adhesive bonding: A thin layer of epoxy adhesive is applied to the contact surfaces (usually the end faces of the laminations) of adjacent silicon steel laminations (the coating thickness can be designed according to requirements). After curing, the epoxy adhesive forms a high-strength bond (higher than the shear strength of traditional riveting). Epoxy adhesives are resistant to media corrosion and insoluble in commonly used refrigerants and lubricants inside the compressor. Examples include two-component solvent-free epoxy adhesives, toughened epoxy structural adhesives, and high-temperature resistant epoxy films. They can adapt to the temperature rise during compressor motor operation, avoiding bonding failure due to high-temperature aging. They are also immiscible with the refrigerants and lubricants inside the compressor, making them difficult to peel off. The bonding process can be referenced from relevant technologies. Here is a brief introduction: After pre-treating the laminations, adhesive is applied. The application method is not limited, and the thickness of the adhesive layer can be determined according to specific design requirements. The adhesive application area mainly covers the toothed and magnetically conductive areas of the laminations and yoke. The stator laminations are then stacked and formed, and finally cured to set the shape.

[0090] Amorphous alloys can be classified into three main categories according to their composition: iron-based, cobalt-based, and nickel-based. Among them, iron-based amorphous alloys are currently the mainstream choice for stator cores due to their low cost and uniform magnetic properties.

[0091] Rivets occupy the stamping area and cause local bulges. Adhesive bonding can eliminate rivet gaps, increase the overlap factor, reduce air gap magnetic reluctance, and lower iron loss. Specifically, the overlap factor F of the stator ranges from 0.88 to 0.92. The overlap factor F is a parameter that balances the magnetic permeability of amorphous alloys with material brittleness.

[0092] The second stator lamination 210b is made of amorphous alloy material, which is extremely brittle and cannot be mechanically connected (such as by riveting or welding). It must be fixed by adhesive bonding. Epoxy adhesive is uniformly coated on the contact surface (end face) of each amorphous alloy lamination. After stacking, axial pressure is applied by special tooling and then heated and cured, so that adjacent laminations are formed into an integral structure by the adhesive.

[0093] Similarly, the first stator lamination 210a (silicon steel) and the second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy) are "inter-segment connections" made of different materials, requiring adhesive bonding to achieve axial positioning and structural integrity, and to prevent relative movement between the two segments. Epoxy adhesive is applied between the inner end face of the first core segment 220 (silicon steel) and the outer end face of the second core segment 230 (amorphous alloy). During lamination, axial force is used to tightly bond the two segments, which then cure to form a unified whole.

[0094] Reference Figure 1 The present invention also proposes a compressor, which includes a main housing 400, a pump assembly 300, and a motor. The specific structure of the motor is as described in the above embodiments. Since this compressor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here. The motor and the pump assembly 300 are both disposed inside the main housing 400, and the inner wall of the main housing 400 is clearance-fitted with the stator 200; the pump assembly 300 is located below the motor, and the pump assembly 300 includes a crankshaft 310, which is driven by the rotor 100.

[0095] The main housing 400 carries the motor and pump assembly 300, forming a refrigerant compression chamber that isolates the internal high pressure from the external environment. The motor (referring to the aforementioned scheme) is mounted on the upper part of the main housing 400, with the stator and the inner wall of the main housing 400 having a clearance fit. The rotor 100 is supported by bearings on the end cover of the main housing 400. The motor provides the power source, driving the crankshaft 310 to rotate via the rotor 100. The pump assembly 300 includes the crankshaft 310, cylinder, piston, valve plate assembly (intake valve + exhaust valve), etc., and is mounted on the lower part of the main housing 400. The crankshaft 310 drives the piston to reciprocate within the cylinder, completing the intake-compression-exhaust cycle.

[0096] Specifically, the stator 200 and the main housing 400 are connected by a thermal fit. After the thermal fit is completed, the first stator lamination 210a is fixed at the position corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the main housing 400 by laser welding or argon arc welding. The thermal fit (also known as "hot fitting") is a connection method in which the main housing 400 is heated to expand it thermally, forming a sufficient gap before the stator core 210 is installed. After cooling, the main housing 400 contracts, forming an interference fit with the stator core 210. Through the process of "thermal expansion - stress-free assembly - cold contraction", the thermal fit avoids the generation of axial compressive stress inside the stator core 210, protecting the second core section 230 (amorphous alloy material) from mechanical damage.

[0097] While the heat-shrink fitting provides sufficient radial clamping force, long-term motor operation (e.g., 10 years / 20,000 hours) may lead to interference fit attenuation (metal creep) due to vibration and temperature cycling (-40℃~120℃). Therefore, welding can be performed on the outer peripheral surface of the main housing 400 corresponding to the first stator lamination 210a, forming a dual fixation of interference fit and welding. The welding is only performed on the outer peripheral surface of the main housing 400 corresponding to the first stator lamination 210a. Because the first core section 220 is a silicon steel lamination (high mechanical strength and high temperature resistance), it can withstand the welding thermal stress; while the second stator lamination 210b (amorphous alloy material) is located in the middle and has no contact with the main housing 400, the welding heat will not be transferred to the amorphous alloy section.

[0098] The table below shows the compressor energy efficiency (%) under different operating conditions of the conventional scheme of fixing the stator with a fixed bracket and the improved scheme of using the first stator lamination 210a and the second stator lamination 210b.

[0099]

[0100] Combination Figure 7 SEER 30 / 60 / 90 represent the operating frequencies of 30Hz, 60Hz, and 90Hz, respectively, indicating low, medium, and high load operation of the compressor. Under SEER 30 (low load), SEER 60 (medium load), and SEER 90 (high load) conditions, the compressor using this solution's motor exhibits higher energy efficiency than the conventional solution, and the energy efficiency gap widens as the operating condition increases from SEER 30 to SEER 90. Therefore, the compressor in this solution (with a 210b hybrid iron core for the first / second stator laminations) achieves improved energy efficiency across all operating conditions through amorphous alloy low-iron-loss materials and a supportless structure, with the most significant advantage at SEER 90, showing an energy efficiency improvement of 2.45%. Thus, compressors using this solution's motor can significantly reduce long-term energy consumption compared to compressors using conventional solutions, aligning with the industry trend of high efficiency and energy saving.

[0101] The table below shows the compressor energy efficiency (%) and stator holding force (kN) for different ratios of h2 / (h1+h2).

[0102]

[0103] Reference Figure 8 The horizontal axis in the figure represents the ratio of the total length (h2) of the amorphous alloy laminations to the sum of the total lengths (h1+h2) of the silicon steel laminations in the stator core 210, characterizing the axial proportion of the amorphous alloy material in the stator core 210 (dimensionless, ranging from 0.2 to 1). The left vertical axis represents the compressor energy efficiency (%), with the solid line reflecting the energy conversion efficiency of the motor during operation (range 654% to 666%). The right vertical axis represents the stator holding force (kN), with the dashed line representing the structural fastening performance of the stator core 210 and the housing (such as interference fit force and vibration-resistant clamping force), ranging from 20 to 60 kN.

[0104] Depend on Figure 8 It is evident that as the ratio of h2 / (h1+h2) increases (the proportion of amorphous alloy laminations increases), i.e., the higher the proportion of h2, the lower the magnetic circuit loss of the stator core 210, and the more significant the improvement in motor efficiency. However, the stator holding force decreases linearly, indicating a negative correlation between the two. When the ratio of h2 / (h1+h2) is in the range of 0.6-0.92, the compressor exhibits a high stator holding force, while also achieving good energy efficiency.

[0105] In this way, a balance is found between retaining the low iron loss advantage of amorphous alloy materials and achieving reliable assembly of stator 200 and main housing 400. This avoids the amorphous iron core being squeezed and eliminates the need for additional supports, thereby simplifying the process, reducing costs, and ensuring improved compressor energy efficiency.

[0106] Reference Figure 9 The horizontal axis in the figure is The ratio range. The vertical axis represents the motor demagnetization rate (%). A higher demagnetization rate indicates faster degradation of the permanent magnet performance, resulting in reduced motor efficiency and output torque. As shown in the figure, the curve is U-shaped (first decreasing and then increasing); as the ratio increases, the motor demagnetization rate curve first decreases and then increases. Figure 9 It can be seen that when the ratio is in the range of 0.2 to 0.45, it is a safe and efficient demagnetization control region. At this time, the corresponding motor efficiency and output torque are better, and the system achieves the optimal balance between energy efficiency and the safety of permanent magnet 110.

[0107] Reference Figure 10 The horizontal axis in the figure is Ratio range. The vertical axis represents compressor energy efficiency (%), indicating the overall energy conversion efficiency of the compressor. The curve in the graph is inverted U-shaped (increasing first and then decreasing), therefore there exists an optimal range. Figure 10As can be seen, the compressor's energy efficiency first increases and then decreases with the increase of the ratio; when the parameter is in the range of 10 to 22, the energy efficiency reaches its peak, and the system achieves the optimal balance between electromagnetic performance and material utilization. At the same time, it avoids the increase in iron loss caused by stator core saturation.

[0108] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric machine characterized in that, Comprising: A rotor, wherein a permanent magnet is arranged in the rotor; the thickness of the permanent magnet in the magnetization direction is h m , and the coercivity is H cj ; the pole number of the rotor is p; and A stator, the rotor is rotatable arranged in the stator, the stator comprises a stator core, the stator core comprises a stator yoke and a plurality of stator tooth arranged inside the stator yoke, the minimum width of the stator tooth along the stator circumferential direction is a1, the minimum width of the stator yoke in the stator radial direction is a2, the stator core comprises two first core segments arranged along its axial direction and a second core segment located between the two first core segments, the first core segment comprises at least one first stator sheet, and the second core segment comprises a plurality of second stator sheets; or the stator core is provided with a plurality of first core segments and a plurality of second core segments along the axial direction, and the plurality of second core segments are respectively located between the two adjacent first core segments; each first core segment comprises at least one first stator sheet, and each second core segment comprises a plurality of second stator sheets; or the stator core is composed of a plurality of first stator sheets and a plurality of second stator sheets stacked along the axial direction in sequence; Wherein, the first stator sheet is made of silicon steel material, the total length of all the first stator sheets after stacking in the stator axial direction is h1; the second stator sheet is made of amorphous alloy material, the total length of all the second stator sheets after stacking in the stator axial direction is h2, at least one first stator sheet is located at the lowest end of the stator core in the axial direction, the maximum relative magnetic permeability of the first stator sheet is μ1, and the maximum relative magnetic permeability of the second stator sheet is μ2; the relationship is satisfied: 。 2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, At least one stator tooth of the first stator sheet is provided with a mounting groove, and the mounting groove is filled with a core part, and the maximum relative magnetic permeability of the core part is μ3, and μ3> μ1 is satisfied.

3. The electric machine of claim 2, wherein, The first stator lamination has a total cross-sectional area S perpendicular to the axial direction of the stator, the stator has q slots, the total cross-sectional area of the core portion is S1, the residual magnetism induction intensity of the permanent magnet is Br, and the cross-sectional area of all permanent magnets under any magnetic pole of the rotor perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor is S3. The following relationship is satisfied: .

4. The electric machine of claim 2, wherein, The minimum distance between the outer edge of the core part and the outer edge of the stator tooth is d, and d / a1≥0.1; and / or, the core part is made of amorphous alloy material.

5. The electric machine of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The first stator sheet and the second stator sheet are fixed by epoxy adhesive; and / or, the two adjacent second stator sheets are fixed by epoxy adhesive; the two adjacent first stator sheets are fixed by rivet or epoxy adhesive.

6. A compressor characterized by, Comprising: A main shell; The motor of any one of claims 1 to 5; And A pump body assembly, the motor and the pump body assembly are arranged in the main shell, the first stator sheet is in interference fit with the main shell, and the second stator sheet is in clearance fit with the main shell; the pump body assembly is located below the motor, and the pump body assembly comprises a crankshaft, and the crankshaft is in transmission fit with the rotor.

7. The compressor of claim 6, wherein, The stator and the main shell are connected by hot fit; and after the hot fit is completed, the first stator sheet is fixed by laser welding or argon arc welding at the position corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the main shell.

8. A refrigeration appliance characterized in that, The compressor of claim 6 or 7 is included.

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