A welding machine suitable for welding of straight and switch rails

Abstract

The application discloses a welding machine suitable for welding of straight line and turnout rails, and relates to the technical field of track welding equipment. The welding machine comprises a first part, a second part, a first clamping mechanism, a second clamping mechanism, a first telescopic mechanism and a second telescopic mechanism. The first clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping assembly for clamping a rail. The second clamping mechanism comprises a second clamping assembly for clamping another rail. The first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are in the same horizontal plane and in the same linear direction in the state of clamping the rails. The first telescopic mechanism comprises a first telescopic assembly capable of driving the first part and the second part to approach each other. The second telescopic mechanism comprises a second telescopic assembly capable of driving the first part and the second part to generate a mutual moving-away trend. The application can effectively avoid the V-shaped structure of the rails after rail welding construction, thereby effectively improving the rail welding quality and ensuring the structural stability and service life of the rails.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of track welding equipment, and in particular to a welding machine suitable for welding rails of main lines and turnouts. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional rail welding machines, two sections of rail to be welded are clamped and fixed on the stationary and moving ends of the machine, respectively, ensuring that the two rails are aligned. The moving end is then driven by an upsetting cylinder to bring the stationary end closer together, thus completing the butt welding of the two rails. After that, the welding system is started to heat the connection end of the two rails to the required welding temperature. Then, the upsetting cylinder drives the two rails to quickly bring them closer together to achieve upsetting welding of the rails.

[0003] Traditional rail welding machines are limited by their structure, such as an excessively wide clamping area, making them unsuitable for welding in railway turnout areas. Therefore, to adapt to rail welding at turnout locations, welding machines with narrow clamping capabilities have emerged. This involves placing the rail clamping component at the bottom of the welding machine and narrowing its structure, allowing it to be inserted into the turnout location to clamp the rail.

[0004] However, in actual construction, existing narrow clamp welding machines have an eccentric force when the upsetting cylinder applies force to the two rails during the upsetting process. This is because the rails are at the bottom and the cylinder applies force above them. As a result, the welding machine deforms when the cylinder applies force, and a V-shaped structure is formed at the rail weld, meaning the weld is lower than the sides of the weld. This seriously affects the structural stability and service life of the rail. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a welding machine suitable for welding rails of main lines and turnouts.

[0006] This application provides a welding machine suitable for welding mainline and turnout rails, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] A welding machine suitable for welding rails of main lines and turnouts, including

[0008] Part One

[0009] Part Two,

[0010] The first clamping mechanism is located in the first part.

[0011] The second clamping mechanism is located in the second part.

[0012] A first telescopic mechanism is disposed between the first part and the second part to cause horizontal relative displacement between the first part and the second part.

[0013] A second telescopic mechanism is disposed between the first part and the second part to cause the first part and the second part to tend to move away from each other;

[0014] The first clamping mechanism includes a first clamping assembly for clamping the rail;

[0015] The second clamping mechanism includes a second clamping assembly for clamping another rail;

[0016] When the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are clamping the rail, they are on the same horizontal plane and in the same straight direction.

[0017] The first telescopic mechanism includes a first telescopic component capable of bringing the first part and the second part closer to each other;

[0018] The second telescopic mechanism includes a second telescopic component capable of causing the first part and the second part to move away from each other;

[0019] The first telescopic assembly and the first clamping assembly are spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the first telescopic assembly is located above the part of the first clamping assembly that contacts the rail.

[0020] The second telescopic component is spaced apart from the first telescopic component in the vertical direction, and the second telescopic component is located above the first telescopic component.

[0021] Optionally, the mid-section a of the first telescopic component and the second telescopic component in the stroke direction is located on the same vertical plane; when the first clamping component and the second clamping component are clamping the rail, the mid-section b of the first clamping component and the second clamping component in the length direction is located on the same vertical plane; the mid-section a and the mid-section b coincide.

[0022] Optionally, the first telescopic component is positioned below the center of gravity of the rail welding machine, and the second telescopic component is positioned above the center of gravity of the rail welding machine.

[0023] Optionally, the first telescopic component includes a first guide rod that slides through the first part, and the second part is provided with a first mounting hole, the first guide rod passing through the first mounting hole and being fixedly connected to the second part;

[0024] The first telescopic mechanism further includes a first hydraulic cylinder for driving the first guide rod to slide.

[0025] Optionally, the second telescopic component includes a second guide rod that slides through the first part, the second part is further provided with a second mounting hole, the second guide rod passes through the second mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the second part, and the length directions of the first guide rod and the second guide rod are parallel.

[0026] The second telescopic mechanism also includes a second hydraulic cylinder for driving the second guide rod to slide.

[0027] Optionally, the diameter of the first mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the first guide rod, and the diameter of the second mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the second guide rod.

[0028] Optionally, the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the first part, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, the push rod being sleeved and fixed on the second guide rod.

[0029] Optionally, the first clamping assembly includes a first mounting block fixedly disposed in the first part, and two first clamping arms rotatably disposed on the first mounting block. The two first clamping arms are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the first mounting block, and each of the two first clamping arms is fixedly disposed with a first clamping block for clamping the rail.

[0030] The first clamping mechanism further includes a first drive component for deflecting the two first clamping arms in a direction that brings them closer or further apart from each other, thereby achieving the clamping or releasing action on the rail.

[0031] The second clamping assembly includes a second mounting block fixedly disposed in the second part, and two second clamping arms rotatably disposed on the second mounting block. The two second clamping arms are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the second mounting block, and each of the two second clamping arms is fixedly disposed with a second clamping block for clamping the rail.

[0032] The second clamping mechanism further includes a second drive assembly for deflecting the two second clamping arms in a direction that brings them closer or further apart, thereby achieving the clamping or releasing action on the rail.

[0033] Optionally, the first drive assembly includes a first sleeve fixedly mounted on a first mounting block, a first clamping cylinder slidably passing through the first sleeve, a first movable block fixedly mounted on the first clamping cylinder, and two first connecting rods rotatably mounted on the first movable block. The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the first mounting block, each first connecting rod corresponds to a first clamping arm, and the first connecting rod is hinged to the corresponding first clamping arm.

[0034] The second drive assembly includes a second sleeve fixedly mounted on the second mounting block, a second clamping cylinder slidably passing through the second sleeve, a second movable block fixedly mounted on the second clamping cylinder, and two second connecting rods rotatably mounted on the second movable block. The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the second mounting block, each second connecting rod corresponds to a second clamping arm, and the second connecting rod is hinged to the corresponding second clamping arm.

[0035] Optionally, a first friction plate is detachably provided on the first clamping block, and the first friction plate is provided with anti-slip texture for abutting against the steel rail;

[0036] The second clamping block is detachably equipped with a second friction plate, which is also provided with anti-slip texture for abutting against the rail.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] 1. When the rail welding machine of this application is in use, the first part clamps one section of rail through the first clamping assembly, and the second part clamps another section of rail through the second clamping assembly. The first telescopic mechanism drives the first part and the second part to move closer to each other. When the two rails are upsetting, the second telescopic mechanism causes the first part and the second part to move away from each other. During this process, the angle of the two rails is corrected, and the contact ends of the two rails are arched upward at a certain angle, which avoids the formation of a V-shaped structure after the rail welding is completed, thereby effectively improving the quality of the rail welding and ensuring the structural stability and service life of the rail.

[0039] 2. By controlling the mid-section a of the first telescopic component and the second telescopic component in the stroke direction to be located on the same vertical plane; and when the first clamping component and the second clamping component are clamping the rail, the mid-section b of the first clamping component and the second clamping component in the length direction is located on the same vertical plane; the mid-section a and the mid-section b coincide, which helps to more accurately correct the angle of the two rails when the first telescopic component drives the first part and the second part to move closer to each other during the rail upsetting process, and when the second telescopic component causes the first part and the second part to move away from each other, thereby further improving the quality of rail welding and ensuring the structural stability and service life of the rail.

[0040] 3. This application uses a first mounting hole diameter larger than the first guide rod diameter and a second mounting hole diameter larger than the second guide rod diameter to provide a certain angular adjustable space between the first guide rod and the first mounting hole, and between the second guide rod and the second mounting hole. This allows the second hydraulic cylinder to precisely control the camber of the rails, thereby better correcting the angle of the two rails and causing the contact ends of the two rails to camber upwards at a certain angle. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a structural front view of an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application used to illustrate the mating relationship between the first guide rod and the second part;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application used to illustrate the mating relationship between the second guide rod and the second part;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a right view of the structure of an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a front view of the structure in this application embodiment, showing the installation of a heating device and a push-protrusion device.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First part; 2. Second part; 21. First mounting hole; 22. Second mounting hole; 3. First clamping mechanism; 31. First clamping assembly; 311. First mounting block; 312. First clamping arm; 313. First clamping block; 314. First friction plate; 32. First drive assembly; 321. First sleeve; 322. First clamping cylinder; 323. First movable block; 324. First connecting rod; 4. Second clamping mechanism; 41. Second clamping assembly; 411. Second mounting block; 412. Second clamping arm ; 413, Second clamping block; 414, Second friction plate; 42, Second drive assembly; 421, Second sleeve; 422, Second clamping cylinder; 423, Second movable block; 424, Second connecting rod; 5, First telescopic mechanism; 51, First telescopic assembly; 511, First guide rod; 512, First locking ring; 52, First cylinder; 6, Second telescopic mechanism; 61, Second telescopic assembly; 611, Second guide rod; 612, Second locking ring; 62, Second cylinder; 621, Push rod; 7, Heating device; 8, Pushing device. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 6 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention and not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] The inventors of this application discovered that, in actual construction, existing narrow-clamp welding machines, when the upsetting cylinder is upsetting two rails, create an eccentric force because the rails are at the bottom and the force applied by the upsetting cylinder is above the rails. Therefore, when the upsetting cylinder applies force, the welding machine deforms, and a V-shaped structure forms at the rail weld, which seriously affects the structural stability and service life of the rail. To address this, this application discloses a welding machine suitable for welding mainline and turnout rails, mainly employing the following solution:

[0050] This application discloses a welding machine suitable for welding rails of main lines and turnouts. (Refer to...) Figure 1The system comprises a first part 1, a second part 2, a first clamping mechanism 3, a second clamping mechanism 4, a first telescopic mechanism 5, and a second telescopic mechanism 6. The first clamping mechanism 3 is located in the first part 1 and includes a first clamping assembly 31 for clamping a rail. The second clamping mechanism 4 is located in the second part 2 and includes a second clamping assembly 41 for clamping another rail. Both the first telescopic mechanism 5 and the second telescopic mechanism 6 are located between the first part 1 and the second part 2. The first telescopic mechanism 5 includes a first telescopic assembly 51 capable of bringing the first part 1 and the second part 2 closer together, and the second telescopic mechanism 6 includes a second telescopic assembly 61 capable of causing the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move away from each other.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 The first telescopic component 51 and the first clamping component 31 are spaced apart vertically, with the first telescopic component 51 positioned above the contact portion between the first clamping component 31 and the rail. The second telescopic component 61 is also spaced apart vertically from the first telescopic component 51, and is positioned above the first telescopic component 51. The first telescopic component 51 is positioned below the center of gravity of the rail welding machine, while the second telescopic component 61 is positioned above the center of gravity. When the first clamping component 31 and the second clamping component 41 are clamping the rail, the mid-section a of the first telescopic component 51 and the second telescopic component 61 in the travel direction is located in the same vertical plane, and the mid-section b of the first clamping component 31 and the second clamping component 41 in the length direction is located in the same vertical plane, with mid-section a and mid-section b coinciding. It helps to more accurately correct the angle of the two rails when the first telescopic component 51 drives the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move closer to each other during the rail upsetting process, and when the second telescopic component 61 causes the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move away from each other, it can deflect along a specific plane, and make the contact end of the two rails arch upward at a certain angle.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Specifically, the first telescopic component 51 includes a first guide rod 511 slidably passing through the first part 1. The first guide rod 511 is parallel to the length direction of the second guide rod 611. The second part 2 is provided with a first mounting hole 21, and the first guide rod 511 passes through the first mounting hole 21 and is fixedly connected to the second part 2. Specifically, the end of the first guide rod 511 is provided with a first support, and the first mounting hole 21 is provided with a first receiving part, with the first support abutting against the first receiving part. The end of the first guide rod 511 is also provided with a first locking ring 512. The first support, the first receiving part, and the first locking ring 512 prevent the first guide rod 511 from sliding in the first mounting hole 21.

[0053] Reference Figure 1The first telescopic mechanism 5 also includes a first hydraulic cylinder 52 for driving the first guide rod 511 to slide; the first hydraulic cylinder 52 is installed in the first part 1 and is powered by a hydraulic system. The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the end of the first guide rod 511 by a connector to ensure effective power transmission and push the first guide rod 511 to slide within the first part 1, thereby causing the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move closer or further apart.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically, the second telescopic component 61 includes a second guide rod 611 slidably passing through the first part 1. The second part 2 also has a second mounting hole 22, in which the second guide rod 611 passes and is fixedly connected to the second part 2. Specifically, the end of the second guide rod 611 is provided with a second support, and the second mounting hole 22 is provided with a second receiving part, with the second support abutting against the second receiving part. The end of the second guide rod 611 is also provided with a second locking ring 612. The second support, the second receiving part, and the second locking ring 612 prevent the second guide rod 611 from sliding within the second mounting hole 22.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 The second telescopic mechanism 6 also includes a second hydraulic cylinder 62 for driving the second guide rod 611 to slide. The second hydraulic cylinder 62 is fixedly mounted on the first part 1, and a push rod 621 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 62. The push rod 621 is sleeved and fixed on the second guide rod 611. When the rail is upsetting, the second hydraulic cylinder generates a thrust, which is transmitted to the second guide rod 611 by the push rod 621, causing the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move away from each other.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The diameter of the first mounting hole 21 is larger than the diameter of the first guide rod 511, and the diameter of the second mounting hole 22 is larger than the diameter of the second guide rod 611. By making the diameter of the first mounting hole 21 larger than the diameter of the first guide rod 511, and the diameter of the second mounting hole 22 larger than the diameter of the second guide rod 611, there is a certain angular adjustable space between the first guide rod 511 and the first mounting hole 21, and between the second guide rod 611 and the second mounting hole 22. This allows for a certain deformable angle between the first part 1 and the second part 2, enabling the second hydraulic cylinder to precisely control the camber of the rails and correct the angle between the two rails, ultimately causing the contact ends of the two rails to camber upwards at a certain angle. Specifically, in actual construction, the camber of the rails is controlled between 0.6-0.8 mm. In addition, the adjustable angle space between the first guide rod 511 and the first mounting hole 21, and between the second guide rod 611 and the second mounting hole 22, needs to be controlled so that when the rails are arched, the maximum arching amount of the two rails does not exceed 1mm. This can avoid the arching angle being too large, and can ensure that the relative positions of the first part 1 and the second part 2 in the length direction of the first guide rod 511 will not have too large deviations.

[0057] Reference Figure 4 One or more first guide rods 511 may be provided. The number of first mounting holes 21 is equal to the number of first guide rods 511 and they correspond one-to-one. The first guide rods 511 pass through the corresponding first mounting holes 21. When there is only one first guide rod 511, the mid-section of the first telescopic component 51 in the stroke direction is the central symmetry plane of the first guide rod 511 in the vertical direction. When there are multiple first guide rods 511, the multiple first guide rods 511 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first part 1 and the second part 2, and the mid-section of the first telescopic component 51 in the stroke direction is the symmetry plane of each first guide rod 511 in the vertical direction.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 One or more second guide rods 611 can be provided. The number of second mounting holes 22 is equal to the number of second guide rods 611 and they correspond one-to-one. The second guide rods 611 pass through the corresponding second mounting holes 22. When there is only one second guide rod 611, the mid-section of the second telescopic component 61 in the stroke direction is the central symmetry plane of the second guide rod 611 in the vertical direction. When there are multiple second guide rods 611, the multiple second guide rods 611 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first part 1 and the second part 2, and the mid-section of the second telescopic component 61 in the stroke direction is the symmetry plane of each second guide rod 611 in the vertical direction.

[0059] Furthermore, the first telescopic mechanism 5 can be replaced by other methods, as long as it can drive the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move closer or further apart, and the first part 1 and the second part 2 can achieve a certain angular deflection. For example, the first guide rod 511 and the second part 2 can be hinged, and the relative rotation angle between the first guide rod 511 and the second part 2 can be limited. Similarly, other methods can be used as the power source to drive the first guide rod 511, such as using a cylinder, a motor, etc., in conjunction with a gear transmission structure, linkage transmission, etc., to drive the first guide rod 511 to move. The second telescopic mechanism 6 can also be replaced by other methods, as long as it can drive the first part 1 and the second part 2 to tend to move away from each other.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 The first clamping assembly 31 includes a first mounting block 311 fixedly disposed in the first part 1, and two first clamping arms 312 rotatably disposed on the first mounting block 311. The two first clamping arms 312 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the first mounting block 311, and the rotation axes of the two first clamping arms 312 are parallel. Each of the two first clamping arms 312 is fixedly provided with a first clamping block 313 for clamping the rail. The first clamping block 313 can be fixed to the first clamping arm 312 by welding or bolt connection. The first clamping block 313 is typically made of high-strength alloy steel. Furthermore, a first friction plate 314 is detachably disposed on the first clamping block 313. The first friction plate 314 is made of a metal plate with a special texture, and its surface has anti-slip texture. The first friction plate 314 is fixed to the first clamping block 313 by bolts, increasing the firmness of the first clamping block 313 clamping the rail. The first friction plate 314 and the first clamping block 313 are detachably connected by bolts for easy replacement. In practical applications, the anti-slip texture of the first friction plate 314 can be designed in different shapes, such as wavy or serrated, to adapt to the surface characteristics and clamping requirements of different types of rails.

[0061] Reference Figure 5 The first clamping mechanism 3 further includes a first drive assembly 32 for deflecting the two first clamping arms 312 in a direction that moves closer or further away from each other, thereby achieving clamping or releasing action on the rail. The first drive assembly 32 includes a first sleeve 321 fixedly mounted on the first mounting block 311, a first clamping cylinder 322 slidably passing through the first sleeve 321, a first movable block 323 fixedly mounted on the first clamping cylinder 322, and two first connecting rods 324 rotatably mounted on the first movable block 323. The piston rod of the first clamping cylinder 322 is fixedly connected to the first mounting block 311. The two first connecting rods 324 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first movable block 323. Each first connecting rod 324 corresponds to one first clamping arm 312, and the first connecting rod 324 is hinged to the corresponding first clamping arm 312.

[0062] Specifically, the first sleeve 321 can be fixed to the first mounting block 311 by welding or bolting, and is compatible with the first clamping cylinder 322. The first clamping cylinder 322 is a key component providing power, which is provided by a hydraulic system to drive the first movable block 323 to move. The first movable block 323 is usually a block structure, fixedly connected to the end of the first clamping cylinder 322. Its function is to convert the linear motion of the first clamping cylinder 322 into the swing of the first connecting rod 324. When the piston rod of the first clamping cylinder 322 retracts, the first movable block 323 moves downward, driving the two first connecting rods 324 to swing, thereby bringing the bottom positions of the two first clamping arms 312 closer together, achieving clamping of the rail; when the piston rod extends, the bottom positions of the two first clamping arms 312 move away from each other, thereby releasing the clamping of the rail. In practical applications, the first drive assembly 32 can also use other drive methods such as electric push rods to replace the first clamping cylinder 322 to meet different working requirements.

[0063] Reference Figure 5 Specifically, the structure of the second clamping assembly 41 is similar to that of the first clamping assembly 31. It includes a second mounting block 411 fixedly mounted on the second part 2, and two second clamping arms 412 rotatably mounted on the second mounting block 411. The two second clamping arms 412 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second mounting block 411, and their rotation axes are parallel. The materials and structures of the second mounting block 411 and the second clamping arms 412 are similar to those of the first mounting block 311 and the first clamping arms 312, both made of high-strength metal to ensure they can withstand the corresponding pressure. Each of the two second clamping arms 412 is fixedly equipped with a second clamping block 413 for clamping the rail. The characteristics and fixing method of the second clamping blocks 413 are also similar to those of the first clamping blocks 313. A second friction plate 414 is detachably mounted on the second clamping block 413. The second friction plate 414 has a similar structure to the first friction plate 314, also using a metal plate with a special texture and an anti-slip surface. The second friction plate 414 is bolted to the second clamping block 413, increasing the firmness of the second clamping block 413 in clamping the rail. The second friction plate 414 and the second clamping block 413 are detachably connected by bolts for easy replacement.

[0064] Reference Figure 5The second clamping mechanism 4 further includes a second drive assembly 42 for deflecting the two second clamping arms 412 in a direction that brings them closer or further apart, thereby clamping or releasing the rail. The structure of the second drive assembly 42 is similar to that of the first drive assembly 32, including a second sleeve 421 fixedly mounted on the second mounting block 411, a second clamping cylinder 422 slidably passing through the second sleeve 421, a second movable block 423 fixedly mounted on the second clamping cylinder 422, and two second connecting rods 424 rotatably mounted on the second movable block 423. The piston rod of the second clamping cylinder 422 is fixedly connected to the second mounting block 411. The two second connecting rods 424 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second movable block 423, each second connecting rod 424 corresponding to one second clamping arm 412, and the second connecting rod 424 is hinged to the corresponding second clamping arm 412. The working principle and functions of each component of the second drive assembly 42 are the same as those of the first drive assembly 32. The opening and closing of the two second clamping arms 412 are controlled by the extension and retraction of the second clamping cylinder 422, thereby clamping and releasing the other rail. In some cases, to improve the automation level of the entire rail welding machine, synchronous control can be adopted, allowing the first drive assembly 32 and the second drive assembly 42 to operate simultaneously, ensuring that the first clamping assembly 31 and the second clamping assembly 41 can synchronously clamp and release the rail.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Furthermore, when clamping the rail, the first clamping assembly 31 and the second clamping assembly 41 are on the same horizontal plane and in the same straight direction, ensuring that the mid-section b of the first clamping assembly 31 and the second clamping assembly 41 coincide. Here, the mid-section b of the first clamping assembly 31 is the plane of symmetry of the two first clamping arms 312 in the vertical direction, and the mid-section b of the second clamping assembly 41 is the plane of symmetry of the two second clamping arms 412 in the vertical direction. This ensures the alignment accuracy of the rail during the welding process and improves the welding quality.

[0066] The first clamping assembly 31, whose contact portion with the rail is located at the bottom of the first part 1, and the second clamping assembly 41, whose contact portion with the rail is located at the bottom of the second part 2, both employ a rotating clamping method. This allows the rail welding machine to quickly detach from the rail and be hoisted onto an adjacent rail line for rail welding. When clamping the rail, the two first clamping arms 312 of the first clamping assembly 31 gradually move closer together in the opposite direction. The minimum distance between the two opposite ends of the first and second clamping arms 412 is 100mm, allowing the machine to be inserted into the turnout position of the track for rail welding. Through the above design, the rail welding machine of this application can adapt to rail welding construction in multiple scenarios such as main lines (including the same line and adjacent lines) and turnout positions. Thus, while retaining the functions of traditional rail welding machines, it realizes rail welding construction at track turnout positions, meeting the multi-functional design concept.

[0067] Reference Figure 6 The welding machine applicable to welding rails of main lines and turnouts in this application also includes a heating device 7 and a pusher device 8 installed between the first part 1 and the second part 2. Both the heating device 7 and the pusher device 8 can be installed on the first part 1 or the second part 2. The heating device 7 can be gas pressure welding, flash welding or aluminothermic welding, used to heat the welding end faces of the two rails to the welding temperature. The pusher device 8 is used to push the welding position across the entire section after the rail welding is completed to remove the weld bead.

[0068] The implementation principle of a welding machine applicable to welding rails of main lines and turnouts according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: Existing welding machines capable of narrow clamping require the rail clamping component to be positioned at the bottom of the welding machine to accommodate rail welding at turnout locations. During upsetting of the two rails, because the rails are at the bottom, the force applied by the upsetting cylinder is above the rails, creating an eccentric force. This results in different forces at different locations on the contact surfaces of the two rails, with the force at the upper part of the contact surface typically being greater than that at the lower part. Furthermore, because the clamping component is fixed to the rails through friction, and due to assembly tolerances in the equipment itself, the welding machine deforms when the upsetting cylinder applies force, causing a V-shaped structure to form at the rail weld. However, rail welding requires an upward arch. Therefore, existing narrow-clamping welding machines cannot meet construction requirements, which seriously affects the structural stability and service life of the rails.

[0069] Based on the above problems, the welding machine of this application, applicable to welding rails of main lines and turnouts, uses a first clamping assembly 31 to clamp one section of rail and a second clamping assembly 41 to clamp the other section of rail. The relative positions of the two rails are adjusted to ensure accurate alignment. The welding machine is supported by the already constructed rails. A first telescopic mechanism 5 moves the first part 1 and the second part 2 closer together, allowing the two rails to connect. The connecting ends of the two rails are heated to the required welding temperature. Then, the first telescopic mechanism 5 drives the first part 1 and the second part 2 closer together, causing the end faces of the two rails to press against each other, forming an upsetting process. During the upsetting process, [the process continues]. The second telescopic mechanism 6 causes the first part 1 and the second part 2 to move away from each other, even making the top distance between the first part 1 and the second part 2 greater than the bottom distance. During this process, the angle of the two rails is corrected, and the contact ends of the two rails are arched upward at a certain angle. Through the thrust control of the second telescopic mechanism 6 and the first telescopic mechanism 5, as well as the stroke control, the arching amount of the rails is kept between 0.6-0.8mm, avoiding the formation of a V-shaped structure after rail welding, thereby effectively improving the quality of rail welding and ensuring the structural stability and service life of the rails. The stroke control can be achieved through limit blocks or through program control.

[0070] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A welding machine suitable for use in welding of straight and switch tracks, characterized in that Comprising a first part (1), a second part (2), a first clamping mechanism (3) arranged on the first part (1), a second clamping mechanism (4) arranged on the second part (2), a first telescopic mechanism (5) arranged between the first part (1) and the second part (2) for enabling the first part (1) and the second part (2) to produce horizontal relative displacement, a second telescopic mechanism (6) arranged between the first part (1) and the second part (2) for enabling the first part (1) and the second part (2) to produce mutual trend of moving away from each other; the first clamping mechanism (3) comprises a first clamping assembly (31) for clamping a steel rail; the second clamping mechanism (4) comprises a second clamping assembly (41) for clamping another steel rail; the first clamping assembly (31) and the second clamping assembly (41) are in the same horizontal plane and in the same linear direction in the state of clamping the steel rail; the first telescopic mechanism (5) comprises a first telescopic assembly (51) capable of driving the first part (1) and the second part (2) to move close to each other; the second telescopic mechanism (6) comprises a second telescopic assembly (61) capable of driving the first part (1) and the second part (2) to produce mutual trend of moving away from each other; the first telescopic assembly (51) and the first clamping assembly (31) have a spacing in the vertical aspect, and the first telescopic assembly (51) is located above the contact part of the first clamping assembly (31) and the steel rail; the second telescopic assembly (61) and the first telescopic assembly (51) have a spacing in the vertical direction, and the second telescopic assembly (61) is located above the first telescopic assembly (51); the first telescopic assembly (51) comprises a first guide rod (511) slidingly arranged in the first part (1), the second part (2) is provided with a first assembly hole (21), the first guide rod (511) is arranged in the first assembly hole (21) and is fixedly connected with the second part (2); the first telescopic mechanism (5) further comprises a first oil cylinder (52) for driving the first guide rod (511) to slide; the second telescopic assembly (61) comprises a second guide rod (611) slidingly arranged in the first part (1), the second part (2) is further provided with a second assembly hole (22), the second guide rod (611) is arranged in the second assembly hole (22) and is fixedly connected with the second part (2), and the length direction of the first guide rod (511) and the second guide rod (611) are parallel; the second telescopic mechanism (6) further comprises a second oil cylinder (62) for driving the second guide rod (611) to slide; the diameter of the first assembly hole (21) is greater than the diameter of the first guide rod (511), and the diameter of the second assembly hole (22) is greater than the diameter of the second guide rod (611); the angle adjustable space between the first guide rod (511) and the first assembly hole (21) and between the second guide rod (611) and the second assembly hole (22) needs to be controlled to be not more than 1mm when the steel rail is arched; The first clamping assembly (31) comprises a first mounting block (311) fixedly arranged on the first part (1) and two first clamping arms (312) rotatably arranged on the first mounting block (311); The second clamping assembly (41) comprises a second mounting block (411) fixedly arranged on the second part (2) and two second clamping arms (412) rotatably arranged on the second mounting block (411).

2. A welder suitable for use in welding of running rail and switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle section a of the first telescopic assembly (51) and the second telescopic assembly (61) in the stroke direction is located in the same vertical plane; the middle section b of the first clamping assembly (31) and the second clamping assembly (41) in the length direction is located in the same vertical plane in the state of clamping the rail; and the middle section a coincides with the middle section b.

3. A welding machine suitable for use in welding of straight and switch tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first telescopic assembly (51) is arranged below the center of gravity of the rail welding machine, and the second telescopic assembly (61) is arranged above the center of gravity of the rail welding machine.

4. A welder suitable for use in welding of running rail and switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second oil cylinder (62) is fixedly arranged on the first part (1), and a top rod (621) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (62) and is sleeved and fixed on the second guide rod (611).

5. A welder suitable for use in welding of running rail and switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first clamping arms (312) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first mounting block (311), and a first clamping block (313) for clamping the rail is fixedly arranged on each of the two first clamping arms (312); The first clamping mechanism (3) further comprises a first driving assembly (32) for deflecting the two first clamping arms (312) in the direction of approaching or moving away from each other to realize the clamping or loosening action of the rail; The two second clamping arms (412) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second mounting block (411), and a second clamping block (413) for clamping the rail is fixedly arranged on each of the two second clamping arms (412); The second clamping mechanism (4) further comprises a second driving assembly (42) for deflecting the two second clamping arms (412) in the direction of approaching or moving away from each other to realize the clamping or loosening action of the rail.

6. A welder suitable for use in welding of running rail and switch rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first driving assembly (32) comprises a first sleeve (321) fixedly arranged on the first mounting block (311), a first clamping oil cylinder (322) slidingly arranged in the first sleeve (321), a first movable block (323) fixedly arranged on the first clamping oil cylinder (322), and two first connecting rods (324) rotatably arranged on the first movable block (323); the piston rod of the first clamping oil cylinder (322) is fixedly connected to the first mounting block (311); each first connecting rod (324) corresponds to a first clamping arm (312), and the first connecting rod (324) is hinged to the corresponding first clamping arm (312); The second driving assembly (42) comprises a second sleeve (421) fixed on the second mounting block (411), a second clamping oil cylinder (422) slidingly arranged in the second sleeve (421), a second movable block (423) fixed on the second clamping oil cylinder (422), and two second connecting rods (424) rotatably arranged on the second movable block (423), wherein the piston rod of the second clamping oil cylinder (422) is fixedly connected with the second mounting block (411), each second connecting rod (424) corresponds to a second clamping arm (412), and the second connecting rod (424) is hingedly connected with the corresponding second clamping arm (412).

7. A welder suitable for use in welding of running rail and switch rail according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first friction plate (314) is detachably arranged on the first clamping block (313), and the first friction plate (314) is provided with anti-skid lines for abutting against the rail. A second friction plate (414) is detachably arranged on the second clamping block (413), and the second friction plate (414) is also provided with anti-skid lines for abutting against the rail.

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