A method for rapid planting of prickly licorice in erosion trenches

Abstract

This invention provides a method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches, relating to the field of erosion trench planting technology. The method includes: Step S1: Pre-treating the erosion trench; Step S2: Mixing well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil of the erosion trench to prepare a planting substrate; Step S3: Laying the planting substrate in planting holes and sowing *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* seeds and auxiliary plant seeds together in the planting holes using direct seeding; Step S4: Laying a straw mat after planting and irrigating; Step S5: Fertilizing and irrigating as needed during plant growth. The auxiliary plant is ryegrass. This invention, by mixing well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil of the erosion trench to prepare the planting substrate, specifically improves the fertility and structure of the original soil in the erosion trench. The germination rate of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and the auxiliary plant (ryegrass) is increased in the suitable substrate, resulting in robust seedling growth and a significant reduction in seedling mortality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of erosion trench planting technology, specifically a method for rapidly planting prickly licorice in erosion trenches. Background Technology

[0002] Erosion gullies, a typical landform of soil erosion, are widely distributed in agricultural and ecologically sensitive areas such as the Loess Plateau in northern China and the black soil region in northeastern my country. Their formation not only leads to a reduction in arable land but also exacerbates soil nutrient loss, disrupts regional hydrological cycles, and triggers secondary disasters such as droughts and floods.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for repairing erosion gullies are divided into engineering measures (such as building gully blocks and slope reinforcement) and biological measures (such as vegetation planting). Among them, biological measures have become the core method for long-term restoration due to their low cost and strong sustainability.

[0004] As a perennial herbaceous plant of the legume family, prickly licorice has natural advantages in adapting to the environment of erosion gullies: its taproot is well-developed and can penetrate hard soil layers to fix the gully slope, while the rhizobia can fix nitrogen and improve soil fertility; in addition, its drought-resistant, barren-resistant and mildly saline-alkali-resistant characteristics can adapt to the variable microenvironment of erosion gullies.

[0005] Existing methods for managing gullies (such as CN117536243A, a method for protecting gully slopes) often only use the original soil of the gully for planting when planting vegetation, without preparing planting substrate to improve the planting soil, which affects the survival rate of the vegetation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method for rapidly planting prickly licorice in erosion trenches, in order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention discloses a method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches, comprising:

[0008] Step S1: Pre-treat the erosion gullies;

[0009] Step S2: Mix well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil at the site of the erosion ditch to prepare a planting substrate;

[0010] Step S3: Lay the planting substrate in the planting hole and sow the seeds of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and auxiliary plants together in the planting hole using direct seeding.

[0011] Step S4: After planting, lay down the straw mat and irrigate;

[0012] Step S5: During the plant growth process, fertilize and irrigate as needed.

[0013] Preferably, step S1 includes: removing stones and debris from the erosion gully; and repairing the gully walls and bottom to make the gully walls and bottom surfaces relatively flat, creating conditions for subsequent planting.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary plant is ryegrass.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the row spacing of the planting holes is controlled at 40-50 cm, and the seeds of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and auxiliary plants are evenly scattered into the planting holes. The amount of seeds sown in each hole is determined according to the seed purity and germination rate. Then, a layer of soil is used to cover the seeds.

[0016] Preferably, nitrogen fertilizer is applied once during the early growth stage of licorice and its auxiliary plants; compound fertilizer is applied once during the middle growth stage; and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is supplemented according to the plant growth status during the later growth stage.

[0017] Preferably, the steps preceding step S2 include:

[0018] Step S201: Crush the soil blocks and farmyard manure blocks, and obtain the target ratio of soil and farmyard manure;

[0019] Step S202: The soil and farmyard manure treated in step S201 are mixed according to the target ratio.

[0020] Preferably, step S202 includes:

[0021] Step S021: Select the treated soil and farmyard manure based on the target ratio;

[0022] Step S2022: Spread the soil treated in step S201 on the mixing area to form a soil layer, and then spread the farmyard manure treated in step S204 on the soil layer to form a farmyard manure layer.

[0023] Step S2023: Repeat step S2022 several times, stacking multiple layers of soil and farmyard manure, and then mixing them.

[0024] Preferably, the soil layer is 10-15 cm thick, and the farmyard manure layer is 8-10 cm thick.

[0025] Preferably, step S201 includes:

[0026] Step S2011: Take soil samples from the location of the erosion gully for testing to determine the actual key soil parameters, including pH, organic matter content, and soil clay-sand ratio.

[0027] Step S2012: Sample and test the actual key parameters of the well-rotted farmyard manure. The key parameters of the well-rotted farmyard manure include: carbon-nitrogen ratio and total nitrogen.

[0028] Step S2013: Based on the soil and fertilizer compatibility parameters of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and auxiliary plants, the actual key parameters of the soil and farmyard manure are standardized to obtain a standardized coefficient group; the standardized coefficient group consists of the standardized coefficients of the actual key parameters of the soil and the standardized coefficients of the actual key parameters of the farmyard manure.

[0029] Step S2014: Based on step S2013, determine the actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient, and based on the actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient, determine the initial ratio of soil and well-rotted farmyard manure; determine the target particle size of soil and farmyard manure according to the initial ratio of soil and well-rotted farmyard manure, and perform actual particle size control treatment on soil and farmyard manure.

[0030] Step S2015: Take the soil and farmyard manure treated in step S2014 and mix them according to the initial ratio to determine the porosity of the mixture. When the porosity is qualified, the initial ratio is determined as the target ratio; when the porosity is not qualified, the target ratio is determined based on the porosity deviation and the initial ratio.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] By mixing well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil of the erosion gully, the fertility and structure of the original soil in the erosion gully were specifically improved, solving the problem of low vegetation survival rate (due to defects in the original soil) caused by direct sowing in the original soil in existing technologies. The germination rate of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and its auxiliary plant (ryegrass) was improved in the suitable substrate, resulting in robust seedling growth and a significant reduction in seedling mortality.

[0034] Direct seeding with a mixture of prickly licorice and auxiliary plants (ryegrass) is employed. Ryegrass can germinate quickly and cover the ground surface (coverage can reach more than 60% in about 30 days after sowing), while the taproot of prickly licorice can deeply anchor the soil. The synergistic effect of the two can form an ecological protection system of "surface interception - deep soil stabilization" within 1-2 months, significantly shortening the cycle of biological treatment of erosion gullies and achieving rapid restoration.

[0035] Irrigation is carried out in stages (high-frequency small-volume irrigation during seed germination and seedling stages, and reasonable water control during the seedling stage) and fertilization (nitrogen, compound fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer applied as needed during the growth period). This not only ensures the water and fertilizer needs of plants at different growth stages, but also avoids waterlogging, root rot and fertilizer waste, so that licorice and its auxiliary plants grow vigorously, have strong resistance to adverse conditions, and can play a long-term and stable role in ecological governance.

[0036] Biological control (releasing natural enemies) and physical control (setting up insect-proof nets) are given priority. Low-toxicity and high-efficiency chemical pesticides are used when necessary, and the dosage is strictly controlled. This effectively controls pests and diseases while avoiding pollution of the ecological environment of the erosion gully, which meets the requirements of green ecological governance. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, in this invention, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and does not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor is it intended to limit the invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions and features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If a combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0041] The present invention provides the following embodiments:

[0042] Example 1: This embodiment of the invention provides a method for rapidly planting prickly licorice in erosion trenches, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0043] Step S1: Pre-treat the erosion gullies;

[0044] Step S2: Mix well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil at the site of the erosion ditch to prepare a planting substrate;

[0045] Step S3: Lay the planting substrate in the planting hole and sow the seeds of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and auxiliary plants together in the planting hole by direct seeding.

[0046] Step S4: After planting, lay down the straw mat and irrigate. After planting, lay down the straw mat and irrigate promptly using sprinkler or drip irrigation to keep the substrate moist but avoid waterlogging. During seed germination and seedling growth, irrigate every 2-3 days depending on weather conditions and soil moisture to ensure sufficient water supply.

[0047] Step S5: During the plant growth process, fertilize and irrigate as needed.

[0048] Preferably, step S1 includes: removing larger stones, debris, etc. from the erosion gully; and properly repairing the gully walls and bottom to make the gully walls and bottom surfaces relatively flat, creating conditions for subsequent planting.

[0049] Preferably, the auxiliary plant is ryegrass.

[0050] Preferably, in step S3, the row spacing of the planting holes is controlled at 40-50 cm. The seeds of licorice and auxiliary plants are evenly scattered into the planting holes. The amount of seeds sown per hole is determined according to the seed purity and germination rate; generally, there are 5-10 seeds per hole. Then, a thin layer of soil is covered, with the thickness just enough to cover the seeds.

[0051] Preferably, nitrogen fertilizer is applied once during the early growth stage of licorice and its auxiliary plants to promote seedling growth; compound fertilizer is applied once during the middle growth stage to provide comprehensive nutrients; and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are appropriately supplemented according to the plant's growth status in the later growth stage to enhance the plant's resistance to adverse conditions.

[0052] At the same time, we must do a good job in pest and disease control. Regularly inspect the growth of plants in the erosion gullies. Once pests and diseases are found, take appropriate control measures in a timely manner, giving priority to biological and physical control methods, such as releasing natural enemies and setting up insect-proof nets. If necessary, use low-toxicity and high-efficiency chemical pesticides for control, but strictly control the amount and frequency of pesticide use to ensure compliance with environmental protection requirements.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0054] By mixing well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil of the erosion gully, the fertility and structure of the original soil in the erosion gully were specifically improved, solving the problem of low vegetation survival rate (due to defects in the original soil) caused by direct sowing in the original soil in existing technologies. The germination rate of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and its auxiliary plant (ryegrass) was improved in the suitable substrate, resulting in robust seedling growth and a significant reduction in seedling mortality.

[0055] Direct seeding with a mixture of prickly licorice and auxiliary plants (ryegrass) is employed. Ryegrass can germinate quickly and cover the ground surface (coverage can reach more than 60% in about 30 days after sowing), while the taproot of prickly licorice can deeply anchor the soil. The synergistic effect of the two can form an ecological protection system of "surface interception - deep soil stabilization" within 1-2 months, significantly shortening the cycle of biological treatment of erosion gullies and achieving rapid restoration.

[0056] Irrigation is carried out in stages (high-frequency small-volume irrigation during seed germination and seedling stages, and reasonable water control during the seedling stage) and fertilization (nitrogen, compound fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer applied as needed during the growth period). This not only ensures the water and fertilizer needs of plants at different growth stages, but also avoids waterlogging, root rot and fertilizer waste, so that licorice and its auxiliary plants grow vigorously, have strong resistance to adverse conditions, and can play a long-term and stable role in ecological governance.

[0057] Biological control (releasing natural enemies) and physical control (setting up insect-proof nets) are given priority. Low-toxicity and high-efficiency chemical pesticides are used when necessary, and the dosage is strictly controlled. This effectively controls pests and diseases while avoiding pollution of the ecological environment of the erosion gully, which meets the requirements of green ecological governance.

[0058] Example 2, based on Example 1,

[0059] Before step S2, the following are included:

[0060] Step S201: Crush the soil blocks and farmyard manure blocks, and obtain the target ratio of soil and farmyard manure;

[0061] Step S202: The soil and farmyard manure treated in step S201 are mixed according to the target ratio (the farmyard manure accounts for 30% to 50% of the total weight of the soil and farmyard manure mixture).

[0062] Preferably, step S202 includes:

[0063] Step S021: Select the treated soil and farmyard manure based on the target ratio;

[0064] Step S2022: Spread the soil treated in step S201 on the mixing area to form a soil layer, and then spread the farmyard manure treated in step S204 on the soil layer to form a farmyard manure layer.

[0065] Step S2023: Repeat step S2022 several times, stacking multiple layers of soil and farmyard manure, and then mixing them.

[0066] Preferably, the soil layer is 10-15 cm thick, and the farmyard manure layer is 8-10 cm thick;

[0067] The target particle size of the soil is less than or equal to 1 cm, and the particle size of the farmyard manure is less than or equal to 0.5 cm (when the soil clay content is >60%, the particle size of the farmyard manure is less than or equal to 0.8 cm).

[0068] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0069] The proportion of farmyard manure (all farmyard manure mentioned in this example is the well-rotted farmyard manure mentioned in Example 1) in the total weight of the soil and farmyard manure mixture is specified to be 30%–50%. This range provides sufficient organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for the growth of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis*, while avoiding the risk of root burn caused by excessive farmyard manure. The substrate treated with this ratio ensures sufficient nutrient supply for *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* seedlings, accelerates growth, and increases plant height by more than 30 days compared to the conventional ratio.

[0070] The soil and farmyard manure were subjected to particle size reduction treatment, with a target particle size of ≤1cm for soil and ≤0.5cm for farmyard manure (this can be relaxed to 0.8cm when the soil clay content is >60%), ensuring a reasonable particle size distribution in the substrate. This method not only solves the problem of uneven mixing of large soil clods and coarse fertilizer clumps in erosion gullies, but also provides a special adaptation for heavy clay soils. It enables efficient cultivation of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion gullies with various soil textures, significantly improving the applicability and compatibility of the technology.

[0071] The process involves stacking and mixing multiple layers of soil (10-15cm) and farmyard manure (8-10cm). Through repeated stacking and mixing, the soil and farmyard manure are fully integrated in three-dimensional space, avoiding uneven nutrient distribution or root burn caused by soil-fertilizer layering.

[0072] Through scientific formulation of farmyard manure, precise particle size control, and efficient mixing processes, a planting substrate with ample fertility and excellent structure is prepared, creating favorable conditions for the growth of prickly licorice. Prickly licorice can quickly germinate and deeply root to stabilize the soil. Combined with auxiliary plants, it can form effective vegetation cover in a short time, accelerating the ecological restoration of erosion gullies. At the same time, due to the strong adaptability of the substrate, frequent water and fertilizer adjustments and pest and disease control are not required in the later stages, significantly reducing maintenance costs.

[0073] Example 3, based on Example 2, step S201 includes:

[0074] Step S2011: Sampling and testing of the soil at the location of the erosion gully to determine the actual key soil parameters, including: pH, organic matter content, and soil clay-sand ratio (measuring the proportion of clay and sand in the soil, calculating the clay-sand ratio, which is the clay-sand ratio divided by the sand proportion; the sand proportion in normal soil is not 0, but if it is 0 in special cases, it needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation).

[0075] For example, soils with a clay content of >60% are prone to compaction, and the particle size of farmyard manure needs to be appropriately relaxed in subsequent particle size control; soils with a sand content of >80% have poor water retention, and the ratio of farmyard manure to soil needs to be adjusted to enhance water retention capacity.

[0076] Step S2012: Sample and test the actual key parameters of the well-rotted farmyard manure. The key parameters of the well-rotted farmyard manure include: carbon-nitrogen ratio and total nitrogen.

[0077] Step S2013: Based on the soil and fertilizer compatibility parameters of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and auxiliary plants, the actual key parameters of the soil and farmyard manure are standardized to obtain a standardized coefficient group; the standardized coefficient group consists of the standardized coefficients of the actual key parameters of the soil and the standardized coefficients of the actual key parameters of the farmyard manure.

[0078] Step S2014: Based on step S2013, determine the actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient, and based on the actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient, determine the initial ratio of soil and well-rotted farmyard manure; determine the target particle size of soil and farmyard manure according to the initial ratio of soil and well-rotted farmyard manure (with preset target particle size mapping relationships for different initial ratio ranges), and perform actual particle size control treatment on soil and farmyard manure.

[0079] Large clods of soil can be broken up by repeatedly patting and crushing them with a hoe or rake, and then sieved through a 1cm soil sieve. The sieved soil can be set aside for later use. Farmyard manure can be repeatedly turned over and crushed with a shovel or fork, and then sieved through a fertilizer sieve.

[0080] Step S2015: Take the soil and farmyard manure treated in step S2014 and mix them according to the initial ratio to determine the porosity of the mixture. When the porosity is qualified (meets the target porosity range required for planting), the initial ratio is determined as the target ratio. When the porosity is unqualified, the target ratio is determined based on the porosity deviation (ΔP = (actual porosity - median of the target porosity range required for planting) / half width of the target porosity range required for planting) and the initial ratio. Adjust the ratio gradient according to the porosity deviation. After adjusting the ratio, the porosity needs to be tested again according to the steps until the porosity is qualified and the target ratio is finally determined (porosity qualified).

[0081] The target porosity range to meet planting requirements can be 40%-50%;

[0082] After step S2014 is completed, step S2015 will result in qualified porosity, and the proportions will rarely need to be adjusted.

[0083] In step S2013, the soil and fertilizer suitability parameters for prickly licorice and ryegrass (to maintain the growth conditions of prickly licorice and ryegrass):

[0084] Soil pH: 6.5–7.5;

[0085] Soil organic matter content: ≥1.5%;

[0086] Soil clay-to-sand ratio (clay percentage ÷ sand percentage): 0.3–0.8;

[0087] The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of well-rotted farmyard manure is 15:1 to 25:1.

[0088] Total nitrogen in well-rotted farmyard manure: ≥1%.

[0089] The standardization coefficient of the current key parameter (which can be a key parameter of soil or a key parameter of farmyard manure) = the actual detection value of the current key parameter in step S2011 or step S2012 ÷ the characteristic value of the adaptation range of the current key parameter.

[0090] The feature value of the above adaptation range is: when the adaptation range has two sides, the median value is taken; when it is a one-sided value, the value is taken (such as 1.0% above).

[0091] Obtain the optimal ratio under the feature values ​​of each adaptation range (i.e., each key parameter is a feature value within the adaptation range). (i.e., characteristic ratio: the ratio of soil to well-rotted farmyard manure), and then determine the initial ratio based on the following. ;

[0092] ;

[0093] Actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient : ;

[0094] N represents the total number of standardized coefficients for the actual key parameters of farmyard manure; M represents the total number of standardized coefficients for the actual key parameters of soil. This is the standardized coefficient of soil pH; The standardized coefficient for the carbon-nitrogen ratio of well-rotted farmyard manure;

[0095] The correction factor is the ratio (the proportion of farmyard manure in the total weight of the soil and farmyard manure mixture) corresponding to the standardization coefficient of the actual key parameters of the i-th farmyard manure. The correction factor is the ratio (the proportion of farmyard manure in the total weight of the soil and farmyard manure mixture) corresponding to the standardized coefficient of the j-th actual soil key parameter.

[0096] The data were obtained (based on experimental calibration, univariate control), such as the correction coefficient corresponding to soil pH: fixing soil organic matter, clay-to-sand ratio, and farmyard manure carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and total nitrogen as corresponding characteristic values; the standardized coefficient for gradient changes in soil pH; measuring indicators such as porosity after mixing for each gradient; screening out qualified mixing ratios; and then fitting the data to obtain the correct values. The correction coefficients for other key soil parameters can be obtained using similar methods described above.

[0097] Similarly, The acquisition of correction coefficients (based on experimental calibration and univariate control), such as the acquisition of the correction coefficient corresponding to the carbon-nitrogen ratio, can be achieved by fixing soil pH, clay-sand ratio, and total nitrogen as corresponding characteristic values, and then gradually changing the standardized coefficient of the carbon-nitrogen ratio of farmyard manure. After determining the appropriate mixing ratio, the coefficients are fitted. Through this gradient univariate experiment, the correction coefficients can be accurately obtained, ensuring the operability and accuracy of the formula in practical scenarios. Similar methods can be used to obtain the correction coefficients for other key parameters of farmyard manure.

[0098] When the proportion of farmyard manure is 20%-30%, the target particle size of the soil is ≤1cm. It needs to be sieved through a 1cm sieve and large soil clods need to be broken up manually to avoid clumping. The target particle size of farmyard manure is 0.7-0.8cm. It needs to be sieved through a 0.8cm sieve to retain an appropriate amount of coarse particles to improve the permeability of the substrate.

[0099] When farmyard manure accounts for 30%-40%, the target particle size of the soil should be ≤1cm, passing through a 1cm sieve; the target particle size of farmyard manure should be 0.6-0.7cm, passing through a 0.7cm sieve, with fine particles as the main component, taking into account both air permeability and basic fertilizer retention.

[0100] When farmyard manure accounts for 40%-50%, the target particle size of the soil is ≤1cm, passing through a 1cm sieve; the target particle size of farmyard manure is 0.5-0.6cm, passing through a 0.6cm sieve, with high particle uniformity, balancing the needs of aeration and fertilizer retention.

[0101] For the 50%-60% auxiliary range, the target particle size for soil is ≤1cm, and it should be sieved through a 1cm sieve; the target particle size for farmyard manure is 0.5cm, and it should be sieved through a 0.5cm sieve and crushed into fine particles to reduce nutrient loss under high proportion conditions.

[0102] "The soil and fertilizer suitability parameters for prickly licorice and its auxiliary plants were determined through multiple pot experiments and field trials in the early stages to ensure the scientific validity and practicality of the parameters."

[0103] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0104] By testing and standardizing key parameters of soil and farmyard manure, and combining them with the compatibility parameters of prickly licorice and ryegrass (such as soil pH 6.5–7.5, farmyard manure carbon-nitrogen ratio 15:1–25:1, etc.), the mixing coefficient and initial ratio can be accurately determined, ensuring that the soil-farmyard manure mixture meets the physicochemical conditions for plant growth and provides a high-quality substrate for the growth of prickly licorice and ryegrass.

[0105] By testing the porosity of the mixture in the initial ratio and adjusting the ratio based on the deviation when the porosity is unqualified, the porosity of the mixture can be precisely controlled, so that the soil has good aeration (to meet the root respiration) and water and fertilizer retention, thus optimizing the physical environment for plant growth.

[0106] Based on scientifically determined ratios and particle sizes, the random mixing of soil and farmyard manure can be avoided, reducing resource waste (such as avoiding excessive or insufficient farmyard manure). At the same time, precise regulation can improve the efficiency of soil improvement and plant planting, enabling rapid restoration of soil fertility and vegetation reconstruction in scenarios such as gully erosion control.

[0107] The logical framework of this derivation can be adjusted according to the soil-fertilizer compatibility parameters of different plants (such as other forage grasses and crops), and has a certain degree of universality and scalability, which can be applied to a variety of soil improvement and plant planting scenarios.

[0108] Example 4, based on any one of Examples 1-3, the irrigation process includes:

[0109] Step S51: Determine the basic irrigation amount for a single irrigation based on the porosity of the soil and farmyard manure (well-rotted farmyard manure) mixture and the farmyard manure-soil ratio (e.g., 18-22 L / mu; the basic irrigation amount corresponds to the basic slope, basic air temperature, and basic wind speed).

[0110] First, it is necessary to determine the porosity range corresponding to different soil-farmyard manure ratios (such as 7:3, 1:1, etc., the above are weight ratios) and the range of basic irrigation amounts under that porosity through experiments or empirical data. For example, when the proportion of farmyard manure is 30% (soil-farmyard manure weight ratio of approximately 7:3) and the porosity is 50%-60%, the basic irrigation amount is set at 18-22 L / mu; when the proportion of farmyard manure is 50% (soil-farmyard manure ratio of approximately 1:1) and the porosity is >60%, the basic irrigation amount can be reduced to 15-18 L / mu (because the porosity is large, the water retention is good, and the water requirement is reduced).

[0111] In practical applications, it is only necessary to determine the current soil-farmyard manure mixing ratio and the corresponding porosity range to directly match the preset basic irrigation amount value. No real-time detection is required; the determination can be achieved quickly through the accumulation of prior data.

[0112] Step S52: Determine the mixed-sowing growth period and determine the irrigation correction coefficient based on the mixed-sowing growth period;

[0113] For example:

[0114] The irrigation correction factor is 1.4 during the transplanting period (within 1 month after sowing); 1.2 during the root expansion period (1-3 months); and 0.9 during the stabilization period (after 3 months).

[0115] The transplanting period (within one month after sowing) coefficient is 1.4: At this stage, seedlings have just taken root, their root systems are weak, and their water absorption capacity is poor, requiring sufficient water to ensure survival. Experimental observations show that water consumption at this stage is 40% higher than the water consumption corresponding to the "determined basic irrigation amount," therefore, the basic irrigation amount needs to be increased by 40%, and the correction coefficient is set to 1.4. The above experiments were conducted under typical local climatic conditions, using multiple parallel pot experiments combined with field micro-plot experiments to determine the irrigation correction coefficient.

[0116] Root expansion period (1-3 months) coefficient 1.2: Licorice with deep roots and ryegrass with shallow roots enter a rapid growth stage, requiring moderate watering to promote root development and soil stabilization. Experiments show that water consumption during this stage is 20% higher than the water consumption corresponding to the "determined basic irrigation amount," therefore, the correction coefficient is set to 1.2.

[0117] The coefficient for the stabilization period (after 3 months) is 0.9: vegetation cover basically meets the standard, the growth rate slows down, and water demand decreases. Observations show that water consumption at this stage is 10% lower than the water consumption corresponding to the "determined basic irrigation amount", so the correction coefficient is set to 0.9 (i.e., a 10% reduction in the basic irrigation amount).

[0118] Step S53: Obtain climate characteristic information of the current mixed-sowing growth period at the erosion gully. The climate characteristic information includes temperature and wind speed. Based on the slope, temperature and wind speed of each planting area, determine the climate-irrigation correction coefficient for each mixed-sowing growth period.

[0119] Climate characteristics acquisition: Collect weather data for the current irrigation, and obtain the ambient wind speed and ambient temperature (take the average of the ambient wind speed and the average of the ambient temperature within a certain period of time before and after irrigation).

[0120] When the actual irrigation volume of a single irrigation in the previous period = the basic irrigation volume of a single irrigation × the current period's irrigation volume correction factor × the current period's climate-irrigation correction factor;

[0121] When the climate-irrigation correction factor is greater than 1.5, it automatically switches to pulse drip irrigation (irrigating for 10-15 minutes, stopping for 5-7 minutes, and repeating multiple times; the irrigation and stopping time needs to be adjusted according to the actual soil infiltration rate, generally based on the standard that water infiltrates to the target root layer and there is no surface runoff), so that water infiltrates slowly and reduces surface runoff; when the climate-irrigation correction factor is less than or equal to the slope coefficient.

[0122] Reference benchmark: Ditch bottom (slope < 5°), slope coefficient 1.0 (at this coefficient, conventional drip irrigation is used, taking into account both water conservation and efficiency).

[0123] Ditch slope (slope > 15°): Water loss is 5% faster, slope coefficient 1.05;

[0124] Gentle slopes (5°-15°): water consumption is 5% slower, slope coefficient is 0.95;

[0125] 2. Temperature coefficient:

[0126] Reference standard: 20℃ ambient temperature, temperature coefficient 1.0 (at this coefficient, conventional drip irrigation is used, taking into account both water conservation and efficiency);

[0127] For every 10°C increase in temperature, the evaporation rate increases by 15%. The temperature coefficient is calculated as "increase × 0.015" (e.g., coefficient 1.15 at 30°C, coefficient 1.3 at 40°C).

[0128] For every 10°C decrease in temperature, the evaporation rate slows down by 10%, and the temperature coefficient is calculated as "decrease amount × 0.01" (e.g., coefficient 0.9 at 10°C, coefficient 0.8 at 0°C).

[0129] 3. Wind speed coefficient:

[0130] Reference standard: 2 m / s light wind, wind speed coefficient 1.0 (at this coefficient, conventional drip irrigation is used, taking into account both water conservation and efficiency);

[0131] For every 2 m / s increase in wind speed, the wind erosion rate increases by 8% (e.g., coefficient 1.08 at 4 m / s, coefficient 1.16 at 6 m / s).

[0132] For every 2 m / s decrease in wind speed, the wind erosion rate slows down by 5% (e.g., coefficient 0.95 at 0 m / s).

[0133] The percentages and coefficients mentioned above were determined based on current soil conditions through experiments or historical testing.

[0134] The preset climate-irrigation correction coefficient is the sum of the slope coefficient correction ratio, the temperature correction ratio, and the wind speed correction ratio of the basic irrigation amount (preset climate-irrigation correction coefficient = slope coefficient × temperature coefficient × wind speed coefficient).

[0135] During pretreatment, well-rotted farmyard manure and crushed corn stalks are mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1 and applied at a depth of 20-30cm below the planting soil layer, and then tilled evenly to form a "nutrient-fiber" composite improvement layer.

[0136] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0137] By increasing watering during the transplanting period, the problems of weak root systems and poor water absorption capacity of licorice and ryegrass seedlings can be solved, significantly improving the survival rate of seedlings. During the root expansion period, moderate watering can promote the deep roots of licorice to penetrate into the "nutrient-fiber" composite improvement layer, and the shallow roots of ryegrass to intertwine on the surface, forming a complete root network of "deep soil stabilization + shallow water retention", accelerating the vegetation cover process.

[0138] Water reduction during the stabilization period prevents the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis from rotting due to excessive soil moisture. At the same time, dynamic adjustment of the climate coefficient can compensate for evaporation losses under conditions of high temperature and strong winds, prevent ryegrass from turning yellow due to drought, maintain the stability of vegetation growth throughout the year, and reduce abnormal growth.

[0139] Protecting the "nutrient-fiber" composite improvement layer: The basic irrigation amount is precisely matched according to the porosity to avoid excessive irrigation causing the corn stalk fiber in the improvement layer to be washed away and lost. At the same time, it reduces the leaching loss of nutrients from farmyard manure, ensuring that the improvement layer continues to play its role in "loosening soil structure and enhancing fertilizer and water retention capacity", thus extending the duration of soil improvement effect.

[0140] The combination of slope coefficient and pulse drip irrigation can significantly reduce the amount of surface runoff generated during irrigation in gully and slope areas, and reduce soil loss caused by runoff erosion; moreover, the water infiltration depth can be precisely controlled at the target root layer, avoiding the risk of gully and slope collapse caused by excessive moisture content in deep soil, and ensuring the stability of erosion gully topography.

[0141] Dynamic correction coefficients can reduce unnecessary and ineffective irrigation and reduce water waste; compared with traditional continuous irrigation, the "short cycle start-stop" mode of pulse drip irrigation can further save water consumption, while reducing the continuous running time of irrigation equipment, reducing equipment energy consumption and wear, and indirectly reducing later operation and maintenance costs.

[0142] The wind speed coefficient can compensate for water loss caused by wind erosion, preventing vegetation degradation due to water shortage in arid and windy areas; and the multiplicative logic of climate-irrigation correction coefficient can comprehensively address the combined effects of multiple factors such as slope, temperature, and wind speed, improving the adaptability of the solution to erosion gullies under different regions and climate conditions, and expanding its application scope.

[0143] Under appropriate irrigation, the "nutrient-fiber" composite improvement layer can maintain soil moisture content within the range suitable for microbial activity, promoting the reproduction and activity of rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria (such as phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ryegrass seed dressing), thereby accelerating the decomposition and transformation of farmyard manure, providing a continuous and stable nutrient supply for vegetation growth, forming a virtuous ecological cycle of "irrigation-microorganisms-vegetation", and enhancing the long-term effect of gully erosion control.

[0144] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly planting prickly licorice in erosion trenches, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Pre-treat the erosion gullies; Step S2: Mix well-rotted farmyard manure with the soil at the site of the erosion ditch to prepare a planting substrate; Step S3: Lay the planting substrate in the planting hole and sow the seeds of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and auxiliary plants together in the planting hole using direct seeding. Step S4: After planting, lay down the straw mat and irrigate; Step S5: During plant growth, fertilize and irrigate as needed; Before step S2, the following are included: Step S201: Crush the soil blocks and farmyard manure blocks, and obtain the target ratio of soil and farmyard manure; Step S202: The soil and farmyard manure treated in step S201 are mixed according to the target ratio; Step S201 includes: Step S2011: Take soil samples from the location of the erosion gully for testing to determine the actual key soil parameters, including pH, organic matter content, and soil clay-sand ratio. Step S2012: Sample and test the actual key parameters of the well-rotted farmyard manure. The key parameters of the well-rotted farmyard manure include: carbon-nitrogen ratio and total nitrogen. Step S2013: Based on the soil and fertilizer compatibility parameters of *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* and auxiliary plants, standardize the actual key parameters of the soil and farmyard manure to obtain a standardized coefficient group; the standardized coefficient group consists of the standardized coefficients of the actual key parameters of the soil and the standardized coefficients of the actual key parameters of the farmyard manure. Step S2014: Based on Step S2013, determine the actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient; based on the actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient, determine the initial ratio of soil and well-rotted farmyard manure; based on the initial ratio of soil and well-rotted farmyard manure, determine the target particle size of the soil and farmyard manure, and perform actual particle size control treatment on the soil and farmyard manure. Step S2015: Take the soil and farmyard manure treated in Step S2014 and perform a mixing test based on the initial ratio to determine the porosity of the mixture. When the porosity is qualified, determine the initial ratio as the target ratio; when the porosity is unqualified, determine the target ratio based on the porosity deviation and the initial ratio. The standardization coefficient of the current key parameter = the actual detection value of the current key parameter in step S2011 or step S2012 ÷ the characteristic value of the adaptation range of the current key parameter; the current key parameter is a key soil parameter or a key parameter of farmyard manure. Feature value of the fitting range: when the fitting range has two sides, take the median value; when it is a one-sided value, take this value. Obtain the optimal ratio under the feature values ​​of each adaptation range Then, the initial proportions are determined based on the following. ; ； Actual soil-farmyard manure mixing coefficient : ; N represents the total number of standardized coefficients for the actual key parameters of farmyard manure; M represents the total number of standardized coefficients for the actual key parameters of soil. This is the standardized coefficient of soil pH; The standardized coefficient for the carbon-nitrogen ratio of well-rotted farmyard manure; The standardization coefficient of the actual key parameters of the i-th farmyard manure corresponds to the ratio correction coefficient; is the ratio correction coefficient corresponding to the standardized coefficient of the j-th actual soil key parameter.

2. The method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: removing stones and debris from the erosion gully; and repairing the gully walls and bottom to make the gully walls and bottom relatively flat, creating conditions for subsequent planting.

3. The method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary plant is ryegrass.

4. The method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the row spacing of the planting holes is controlled at 40-50 cm. The seeds of licorice and auxiliary plants are evenly scattered into the planting holes. The amount of seeds sown in each hole is determined according to the seed purity and germination rate. Then, a layer of soil is used to cover the seeds.

5. The method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches according to claim 3, characterized in that: Apply nitrogen fertilizer once during the early growth stage of licorice and its auxiliary plants; apply compound fertilizer once during the middle growth stage; and supplement with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer according to the plant's growth status during the later growth stage.

6. The method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S202 includes: Step S021: Select the treated soil and farmyard manure based on the target ratio; Step S2022: Spread the soil treated in step S201 on the mixing area to form a soil layer, and then spread the farmyard manure treated in step S204 on the soil layer to form a farmyard manure layer. Step S2023: Repeat step S2022 several times, stacking multiple layers of soil and farmyard manure, and then mixing them.

7. The method for rapidly planting *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* in erosion trenches according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soil layer is 10-15 cm thick, and the farmyard manure layer is 8-10 cm thick.

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