A method and system for multi-process collaborative control of a sintering process

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sinter production, in particular to a multi-process collaborative control method and system for sintering process, aiming to comprehensively improve the sintering production level. The control method comprises: mixed material replacement control logic: a feedforward compensation model is established with the material ferrous composition and the burn loss rate as variables, and the fuel and flux ratio is adjusted; solid waste recycling control logic: an access and replacement mechanism for gravity dust removal ash and environmental dust removal ash is established; water and heat collaborative control logic: a coupling adjustment mechanism for the temperature and moisture of the mixed material is established; ignition-sintering endpoint collaborative control logic: the ignition parameters and the main fuel usage are adjusted in linkage; return ore balance control logic: through the physical state and flow feedback of the return ore, the sintering process is reversely diagnosed and adjusted; fuel and flux replacement control logic: precise replacement calculation is performed based on the basic principle of carbon balance or alkalinity conservation, and a particle size or activity degree correction coefficient is introduced for optimization. The multi-process collaborative control system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sinter production technology, and in particular to a multi-process collaborative control method and system for sintering processes. Background Technology

[0002] Sintering is an indispensable and crucial step in modern steel production. The process involves mixing various powdered iron-containing raw materials, fuels, and fluxes, granulating them, and then sintering them to produce artificial lumps with specific chemical compositions and physical strengths. The stability and yield of sintered ore directly affect the smooth operation of blast furnace ironmaking, energy consumption, and the final quality of molten iron.

[0003] Currently, sintering production processes are lengthy and involve many steps, typically including batching, mixing, ignition, sintering, cooling, and sieving. This complex system presents numerous technical challenges that significantly impact the stability and optimization of the sintering process:

[0004] Frequent material fluctuations and difficulties in composition control: The iron-containing raw materials, fuels, and fluxes used in sintering are diverse and widely sourced, and their chemical composition and physical properties (such as moisture, particle size, and activity) inherently fluctuate. Especially during the batching and repacking process, changes in material characteristics can lead to significant fluctuations in key chemical components of the sinter, such as ferrous oxide (FeO) content and basicity (R2), disrupting the raw material conditions for stable blast furnace operation. Existing control methods largely rely on operator experience or delayed laboratory feedback, making it difficult to achieve a smooth transition during batching.

[0005] The contradiction between solid waste recycling and production stability: To achieve green production, steel companies are committed to recycling carbon- and iron-containing solid wastes such as gravity dust and environmental dust during the sintering process. However, these solid wastes have complex compositions; the accumulation of harmful elements such as potassium, sodium, and zinc can damage the blast furnace's lifespan, while their fine particle size and unstable composition can worsen the permeability of the mixture, affecting the sintering process. Currently, the lack of a standardized access and substitution mechanism leads to a conservative approach to solid waste blending due to concerns about quality fluctuations, failing to fully realize its potential for cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0006] Insufficient synergy of key process parameters: Sintering is a complex process involving the coupling of various energy sources. For example, the temperature and moisture content of the mixture jointly determine the thickness of the over-wet layer and the permeability of the material layer; there is a strong correlation between ignition intensity, sintering endpoint temperature, and fuel ratio. However, existing control strategies often treat these parameters as independent variables for adjustment, lacking a systematic synergistic mechanism. This leads to unstable thermal states during the sintering process, easily resulting in problems such as uneven ignition, under-melting or over-burning, and large fluctuations in the endpoint, thus hindering the simultaneous improvement of sinter production and quality.

[0007] The balance of returned ore and the accuracy of material metering are often overlooked: The balance of the internal circulation returned ore is a "buffer" that maintains the stability of the sintering process, and abnormalities in its particle size and bin position are early signals of production process malfunctions. Meanwhile, the accuracy of batching and metering is the foundation of all process control. However, in actual production, dynamic monitoring and closed-loop feedback control of these factors are often insufficient, resulting in delayed production adjustments and inadequate basis for these adjustments. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-process collaborative control method and system for sintering, realizing a sintering process control method from local optimization to global collaboration, so as to comprehensively improve the stability, economy and environmental protection of sintering production.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] The first aspect of this invention provides a multi-process coordinated control method for a sintering process, wherein the method dynamically and collaboratively adjusts key materials and process parameters in sintering production based on real-time detection data by constructing and executing at least one of the following control logics:

[0011] Mixed material replacement control logic: During the mixed material replacement process, a feedforward compensation model with the ferrous content and burn-off rate of the material as variables is established to dynamically pre-adjust the fuel and flux ratio in the secondary batching.

[0012] Solid waste recycling and utilization control logic: Establish an access and substitution mechanism for gravity dust and environmental dust; firstly, dynamically confirm whether to use it based on the detection results of its harmful components and preset thresholds; then, based on its fixed carbon and iron and calcium effective components, replace part of the solid fuel and iron-containing raw materials / flux in equal amounts.

[0013] Hydrothermal Co-control Logic: By establishing a coupled regulation mechanism between the temperature and moisture of the mixture, the preheating steam, process hot water and water added to the mixer are controlled in a coordinated manner to ensure that the temperature of the mixture in the distribution zone is stable above the dew point and the moisture content is in the optimal pelletizing range.

[0014] Ignition-Sintering Endpoint Co-control Logic: The ignition process and the sintering endpoint are correlated and controlled. The permeability index of the front material layer is used as feedforward, and the exhaust gas temperature and the state of the red-fire layer at the tail end are used as feedback. The ignition parameters and the amount of main fuel are adjusted in a coordinated manner to form a closed-loop thermal state control throughout the sintering process.

[0015] Return ore balance control logic: Establish a balance mechanism with return ore bin position and key particle size content as the core criteria, and diagnose and adjust the sintering process in reverse through the physical state and flow feedback of the return ore;

[0016] Fuel and flux replacement control logic: During raw material replacement, precise replacement calculations are performed based on the principle of carbon balance or alkalinity conservation, and particle size or activity correction coefficients are introduced for optimization.

[0017] Furthermore, the feedforward compensation model in the mixing material replacement control logic includes:

[0018] Fuel adjustment amount based on ferrous composition = percentage of replaced material * (percentage change in burn-off) * (-0.03%);

[0019] Fuel adjustment based on burn-off rate = Percentage of replaced material * (Percentage change in burn-off) * (+0.13%).

[0020] Furthermore, the specific steps of the dynamic pre-adjustment in the mixing material replacement control logic include:

[0021] (1) Analyze the composition of the added materials and calculate the proportion of each material;

[0022] (2) Prepare the mixed material by piling it up and take multiple samples to test its chemical composition;

[0023] (3) Based on the ingredient calculation results, determine the initial amount of auxiliary materials to be added in the secondary ingredient batching;

[0024] (4) The ferrous composition and burn-off rate of the submitted material are substituted into the feedforward compensation model to calculate the fuel adjustment amount;

[0025] (5) Adjust the fuel supply amount according to the fuel adjustment amount;

[0026] (6) The ferrous content of the sinter was tested and verified, and the results were used for feedback and fine-tuning.

[0027] (7) Test the silicon and calcium content in the mixed material and adjust the amount of flux according to the test results of the basicity of the sinter.

[0028] The turbine's multiple extraction ports are connected to the steam inlets of the corresponding low-pressure heater and high-pressure heater via extraction pipes, providing them with a heat source.

[0029] Furthermore, in the solid waste recycling and utilization control logic: the hazardous components include potassium, sodium, and zinc; the preset threshold is set as a three-level control threshold: when the detection value exceeds the standard by less than 0.005%, the usage is reduced; when the exceedance is less than 0.01%, the usage is halved; and when the exceedance is greater than 0.01%, the usage is stopped.

[0030] Furthermore, in the solid waste recycling and allocation control logic, the equivalent substitution includes:

[0031] For gravity dust, based on its fixed carbon content, a portion of the solid fuel is replaced using the following formula:

[0032] Replacement fuel quantity = (gravity ash fixed carbon content / fuel fixed carbon content) * gravity ash quantity;

[0033] For environmental dust, based on its iron and calcium content, a portion of iron-containing raw materials or fluxes can be replaced.

[0034] Furthermore, the water-thermal coordinated control logic includes:

[0035] The temperature of the mixed material at the outlet of the primary mixer is controlled at 55~65℃, and the temperature of the mixed material at the outlet of the secondary mixer is controlled at 65~85℃; and the temperature of the mixed material in the distribution area is ensured to be ≥75℃ through auxiliary preheating and steam compensation in the mixing silo.

[0036] Control the heating water temperature of the mixer at 70~85℃;

[0037] The moisture content of the mixture is controlled within the range of (7.5±0.3)% through an online moisture detection and intelligent adjustment system.

[0038] Furthermore, the ignition-sintering endpoint coordinated control logic includes:

[0039] The ignition negative pressure is controlled at -5 to 15 Pa, the ignition depth is 5 to 15 mm, the ignition excess coefficient is 1.0 to 1.2, and the ignition temperature is 1050 to 1150 °C.

[0040] The sintering endpoint temperature is controlled at 400~450℃, and the exhaust gas temperature in the main pipe is 110~150℃;

[0041] When the endpoint or exhaust gas temperature is abnormal, priority should be given to adjusting the material layer thickness, mixture moisture content and temperature.

[0042] If the above adjustments are ineffective, the ignition parameters and main fuel quantity shall be adjusted synchronously according to the thickness and brightness of the red flame layer at the tail.

[0043] Furthermore, the return ore balance control logic includes:

[0044] If the content of particles ≥5mm in the returned ore exceeds 10%, it is determined that the screen is worn and a replacement warning is triggered.

[0045] Monitor the return ore storage position. When the storage position continues to deviate from the stable range, trace back and adjust the sintering fuel consumption or other mining parameters.

[0046] Regularly test the chemical composition of the returned ore, including iron, silicon, calcium, and residual carbon, and use the results to guide fine-tuning of the sintering process.

[0047] Furthermore, the fuel replacement control logic includes:

[0048] (1) Adjustment for moisture content: When the moisture content of the fuel changes while the carbon content remains constant, the adjusted fuel quantity is calculated using the following formula:

[0049] Q2 = Q1 * (1 - M1) / (1 - M2)

[0050] in,

[0051] Q1 is the amount of fuel added before the moisture content changes;

[0052] M1 is the as-received moisture content of the fuel before the change (expressed as a decimal).

[0053] M2 is the as-received moisture content of the fuel after the change (expressed as a decimal).

[0054] Q2 is the fuel quantity adjusted after changes in moisture content;

[0055] (2) Adjustment of carbon content variables: When replacing fuels with different carbon contents, based on the completion of step (1), or when there is no change in moisture content, calculate the amount of fuel used after replacement using the following formula:

[0056] Q B =Q A *(C dA / C dB )

[0057] in,

[0058] Q A The amount of fuel A used before replacement;

[0059] Q B This refers to the amount of fuel B used after the replacement;

[0060] C dA and C dB The dry basis carbon content of fuel A and fuel B are respectively.

[0061] The conversion formula for the carbon content of the drying basis is:

[0062] C d =C ar / (1 - M ar )

[0063] Among them, C ar To obtain the carbon content of the base, M ar The received basis water content (expressed as a decimal);

[0064] (3) Particle size adjustment: After performing the above steps, a fuel particle size correction coefficient is introduced to optimize the feed amount: when the content of 0.5~3mm particles is in the range of 65%~75%, the particle size correction coefficient is 1.0; for every 5% deviation of the particle size content from the above range, the correction coefficient is increased or decreased by 0.1 accordingly.

[0065] Furthermore, the flux replacement control logic includes:

[0066] (1) For alkalinity control, the displacement calculation is based on the effective CaO content, and the formula is:

[0067] m2 = m1 * (CaO1 / CaO2);

[0068] in,

[0069] m1 is the proportion of virgin lime, kg / t;

[0070] CaO1: Effective CaO content of virgin lime, %

[0071] CaO2: Effective CaO content in fresh lime, %

[0072] m2 represents the required adjustment ratio for slaked lime, expressed in kg / t.

[0073] (2) For changes in activity, an empirical correction coefficient K is introduced for compensation:

[0074] When the activity is ≥320mL, K = 0.95~1.0;

[0075] When the activity is 250~280mL, K=1.05~1.10;

[0076] When the activity is 220~250mL, K=1.10~1.15;

[0077] (3) The alkalinity of the replaced sinter is tested, and feedback fine-tuning is performed based on the test results; the calculation formula for the feedback fine-tuning is: quicklime dosage adjustment amount = (tested alkalinity value - target alkalinity value) * current SiO2 mass fraction / effective CaO mass fraction of quicklime.

[0078] Furthermore, it also includes material feeding verification logic, which includes:

[0079] Manual tray weighing verification: Samples are taken and weighed on a belt scale using a standard container. The actual proportion is calculated and verified using the formula: actual proportion = average weight of trays * belt conveyor idle speed * 3600 / 1000 / feed rate.

[0080] Belt scale body verification: Zero point calibration and chain / hanging weight verification are performed under specific conditions to ensure that the error between the actual weight and the theoretical weight is kept within 5‰.

[0081] A second aspect of the present invention provides a multi-process collaborative control system for a sintering process, used to implement the multi-process collaborative control method for the sintering process as described above.

[0082] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0083] This invention discloses a multi-process collaborative control method and system for sintering, breaking through the local and isolated adjustment mode of traditional sintering control. By introducing multiple control logics and enabling them to operate collaboratively, a globally optimized control system is constructed. Data sharing and decision linkage among the logics enable the system to systematically cope with complex production fluctuations, significantly improving the stability of the entire sintering production system.

[0084] By establishing corresponding "feedforward compensation models" and "closed-loop control" mechanisms in key logical links such as blending material replacement and fuel and flux replacement, it is possible to intervene in the process in advance and make precise compensation, thereby reducing the fluctuation of key chemical components of sinter and providing raw material guarantee for the stable operation of blast furnace.

[0085] By establishing an "access and substitution mechanism," a reliable technical path is provided for the safe, efficient, and large-scale recycling of solid wastes such as gravity ash and dust collector ash. This method achieves effective resource utilization while effectively controlling the risks of hazardous elements.

[0086] In response to the strong coupling of multiple energy sources during the sintering process, this invention effectively solves a series of problems caused by parameter mismatch, such as excessively wetted layer thickness, poor air permeability, and unstable thermal state, through the logic of "hydrothermal synergy" and "ignition-endpoint synergy", laying a solid foundation for high-yield, low-consumption, and high-quality production. Attached Figure Description

[0087] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the invention in detail by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or portions. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0088] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the mixing material replacement control provided in this invention;

[0089] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the gravity ash preparation process provided in this invention;

[0090] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the use of sintering dust provided in this invention.

[0091] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the sintering mixture temperature control provided in this invention;

[0092] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the ignition temperature control process for a sintering machine provided in this invention.

[0093] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the sintering endpoint temperature control provided in this invention;

[0094] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the moisture control process for sintering mixtures provided in this invention;

[0095] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the sintering internal return ore control provided in this invention;

[0096] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the sintering fuel replacement process provided in this invention;

[0097] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the sintering flux replacement process provided in this invention.

[0098] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the sintering material feeding verification process provided in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0099] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0100] This example discloses a multi-process collaborative control method and system for sintering, which aims to solve the problems of unstable sinter quality, fluctuating output, and high production costs caused by the long sintering production process, many links, large material fluctuations, and strong parameter coupling.

[0101] Specifically, this control method dynamically and collaboratively adjusts key materials and process parameters in sintering production based on real-time detection data by constructing and executing the following multiple control logics.

[0102] The aforementioned control logic includes mixing material replacement control logic, solid waste recycling and distribution control logic, hydrothermal synergy control logic, ignition-sintering endpoint synergy control logic, ore return balancing control logic, fuel and flux replacement control logic, and material feeding verification logic. These control logics work together to form a highly efficient and stable sintering process control system.

[0103] The control logic for changing the blending material is based on an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of current sintering batching processes. In current sintering production processes, the batching stage typically combines primary and secondary batching. The main function of primary batching is to thoroughly mix and pile various iron-containing raw materials with necessary fluxes (such as limestone powder). Through a scientific "flat-laying and direct-takeout" operation method, the materials achieve a relatively uniform state in terms of particle size distribution, chemical composition, and moisture content, thereby effectively reducing fluctuations in the chemical composition of the materials. Subsequently, the mixed material is transported to the secondary batching chamber, where it is further batched with fuel, return ore, dust, and other components according to precise proportions.

[0104] It is important to note that blended materials, as a batch-processed material unit, have a defined lifecycle. Each batch of blended material possesses unique physicochemical properties and related metallurgical performance due to its different sources and proportions. Especially during batch changeover operations, the transition zone between the head and tail of the material significantly impacts the final composition of the sinter. Therefore, establishing a refined changeover control process is crucial. This control process needs to achieve two key objectives: first, ensuring that the physicochemical composition of the sinter is consistently controlled within the specified range to avoid adverse effects on subsequent blast furnace smelting processes due to compositional fluctuations; and second, ensuring the stability and continuity of the production process, achieving a smooth transition between different batches of material.

[0105] The specific implementation of the mixing material replacement control logic in this example is achieved through the following steps. (See also...) Figure 1First, a comprehensive composition test is conducted on all materials to be added, and the results are input into the batching calculation system to accurately calculate the theoretical proportion of each material. Second, the mixed material is prepared and piled up according to the predetermined proportioning scheme. During this process, a multi-point sampling method is used to systematically test the chemical composition of the pile material to ensure that the actual composition characteristics of the mixed material are understood. Third, the actual test results are compared and analyzed with the theoretical calculation values ​​of the batching to determine the specific amount of various auxiliary materials (including fuel and flux) to be added in the secondary batching. Fourth, the ferrous content of the materials is specifically tested, and based on the changes in ferrous content, the fuel ratio is dynamically adjusted using a specific calculation formula. The compensation formula used is: Fuel adjustment amount = Percentage of replaced materials * Percentage change in burnout * (-0.03%), this formula reflects the quantitative relationship that for every 1% increase in burn-off rate, the fuel ratio decreases by 0.03% accordingly; Fifth, the burn-off rate index of the materials sent for simultaneous testing is adjusted according to the actual change in burn-off rate using another dedicated formula, namely: Fuel adjustment amount = percentage of replaced materials * percentage change in burn-off * (+0.13%). This formula establishes a compensation mechanism that for every 1% increase in burn-off rate, the fuel ratio increases by 0.13% accordingly; Sixth, the ferrous content of the sinter that has already been produced is tested and verified. Based on the verification results, the fuel ratio is finely adjusted as necessary to ensure a stable transition of ferrous content in the sinter during the replacement of the blended material; Finally, the content of key elements such as silicon and calcium in the blended material is tested, and combined with the test results of the sinter basicity, the flux addition is precisely adjusted to ensure that the basicity index of the sinter is always under control.

[0106] Through the systematic implementation of the above steps, the blending material replacement control logic establishes a complete feedforward-feedback composite control system. This system can both provide anticipatory compensation and adjustment for material changes and perform verification-based fine adjustments based on actual output, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of sinter quality during the blending material replacement process. This refined control method not only effectively avoids production fluctuations caused by raw material switching but also provides a reliable guarantee for the stable operation of the entire sintering production system.

[0107] The control logic for solid waste recycling includes the use of sintering gravity ash and environmental dust removal ash.

[0108] Specifically, the gravity dust generated during blast furnace ironmaking contains 10% to 30% fixed carbon, possessing significant calorific value. It can effectively replace some traditional fuels, achieving the goals of reducing solid fuel consumption and conserving natural resources. This measure not only promotes the resource utilization of ironmaking waste but also drives the green and circular development of steel production while reducing production costs.

[0109] See Figure 2The preparation and use of gravity ash follows a rigorous process. First, the amount of gravity ash generated must be accurately measured to establish a material balance basis. Then, strict testing for harmful components is conducted, with a focus on monitoring the content of elements such as potassium, sodium, and zinc. Based on the test results, tiered control measures are implemented: when the exceedance is within 0.005%, the usage is appropriately reduced; when the exceedance is within 0.01%, the usage is halved; when the exceedance exceeds 0.01%, use is immediately stopped and resumed only after the blast furnace burden structure is adjusted and restored to normal. In the component testing stage, the fixed carbon content of the gravity ash must also be measured, as this is a key parameter for subsequent calculations of the replacement ratio.

[0110] In practical applications, the amount of sintering gravity ash added needs to be rationally balanced based on the actual amount of gravity ash produced in the blast furnace. A scientific replacement calculation formula is established: Replacement Amount = Fixed Carbon Content of Gravity Ash / Fixed Carbon Content of Fuel * Gravity Ash Usage, to determine the specific amount of traditional fuel to be replaced. During use, a dynamic monitoring mechanism also needs to be established to continuously track changes in the harmful element content, fixed carbon content, and inventory of gravity ash, and to adjust the blending plan and fuel compensation amount in a timely manner to ensure stable production operation.

[0111] Meanwhile, the rational utilization of sintering environmental dust is also an important way to achieve the goals of "cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and environmental protection." Environmental dust mainly comes from particulate matter collected during the production process. Its effective utilization can improve the on-site working environment and avoid environmental pollution problems caused by solid waste accumulation. This dust contains various beneficial components required for sintering, such as iron, carbon, calcium, and silicon. By recycling it and using it directly in sintering production, it can partially replace purchased raw materials, forming a good resource recycling model.

[0112] However, environmental dust, due to its fine particle size and essentially powdery nature, can negatively impact the particle size distribution of the mixture and the permeability of the sintering process if directly added. Furthermore, the composition of the dust exhibits some fluctuation, potentially affecting the stability of the sinter's composition. Therefore, establishing standardized usage procedures is particularly important.

[0113] See Figure 3 The process of using environmental dust collector ash includes the following key steps: First, systematic sampling and analysis of ash samples from each dust collection point are conducted; second, ash is classified and managed according to the content of major components such as iron, calcium, and carbon, as well as its hydrophilicity; third, the allocation and usage ratio of distribution bins are rationally determined based on the characteristics and generation volume of various types of dust collector ash; during batching calculations, the calcium, carbon, and other components contained in the dust collector ash need to be included in the material balance system, and the amount of fuel and flux added should be adjusted accordingly; to improve its performance, the dust collector ash also needs to be appropriately moistened with water and pelletized; finally, during the production process, the changes in the composition and performance of the dust collector ash should be continuously monitored, and dynamic adjustments should be made in a timely manner.

[0114] By establishing the aforementioned solid waste resource utilization system, not only has the value of waste been maximized, but reliable technical support has also been provided for the green transformation and sustainable development of steel enterprises. This ensures both the stability of the production process and improves resource utilization efficiency.

[0115] Regarding the hydrothermal synergistic control logic, the control of sintering mixture temperature and moisture is the core link to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the sintering process. The two are interconnected and work together to affect the yield and quality of sintered ore.

[0116] When it comes to controlling the temperature of the sintering mixture, the core objective is to stabilize it above the dew point temperature. This effectively inhibits the formation of an overly wet layer during sintering and significantly improves the permeability of the material layer. Simultaneously, a stable temperature helps maintain a uniform distribution of moisture in the mixture and promotes the full digestion and mineralization reaction of quicklime, resulting in multiple positive effects on optimizing overall sintering performance.

[0117] See Figure 4 In the specific implementation process, it is first necessary to clarify the temperature control range of each key link. Based on the industry-standard process of steam preheating combined with the exothermic reaction of quicklime digestion, the target temperature of the primary mixer outlet is set at 55~65℃, and the secondary mixer outlet temperature is increased to 65~85℃. Considering the heat loss during the conveying process from the secondary mixer to the distribution area, a steam-assisted preheating device is added to the mixing silo to ensure that the temperature of the final mixed material entering the distribution area is not lower than 75℃. The steam required for preheating is preferentially used from the steel company's own steam, realizing the cascade utilization of energy.

[0118] To achieve the aforementioned temperature control targets, the system employs multiple safeguards: First, a hot water process is used in the water addition stage of the mixer, where steam is used to heat a dedicated water tank, stabilizing the water temperature within the range of 70~85℃. This promotes material preheating and enhances the digestion effect of quicklime. Second, a complete temperature monitoring system is established, with detection points set at key locations such as the water addition point of the mixer, the outlet of the primary mixer, the outlet of the secondary mixer, and the discharge port of the roller in the material distribution area, achieving a combination of real-time monitoring and inspection throughout the entire process.

[0119] When the material temperature in the fabric distribution area is detected to be below the critical value of 75℃, the system activates a tiered troubleshooting mechanism: First, the steam supply system is checked to ensure that the steam pressure is maintained at 0.3~0.6MPa and the flow rate is not less than 25t / h. If insufficient steam supply is detected, internal balancing is performed according to the principle of "hot water preheating first, followed by mixing silo preheating," gradually restoring steam operation from the secondary mixer to the primary mixer. The reference values ​​for steam consumption at each point are: maximum 5t / h for the mixing silo, maximum 20t / h for a single mixer, and maximum 4t / h for the hot water tank.

[0120] If the steam supply is normal but the temperature still does not meet the standard, a thorough investigation of the equipment status and raw material quality is required. Check the valve openings at each heating point and ensure the steam nozzles are unobstructed. Simultaneously, strictly test the quality of the quicklime, requiring a hydration time not exceeding 80 seconds, an activity level of at least 320 mL, an effective calcium content of at least 85%, and a mineralization degree controlled below 5%. For quicklime that does not meet the quality standards, adjust the mix ratio promptly or coordinate with suppliers to improve quality. Furthermore, simultaneously verify the moisture control of the mixture, stabilizing it within the ideal range of 7.5% ± 0.3%, and ensure uniform moisture distribution through precise adjustment of the water supply.

[0121] Moisture control in sintering mixes is crucial, as it is a key element among the three essential factors of sintering production (air, water, and carbon) and directly affects the pelletizing effect and permeability of the material layer. A suitable water addition process can effectively wet the materials, promote pelletizing, and create favorable conditions for stabilizing the sintering process and improving the quality and yield of sintered ore.

[0122] See Figure 5 Modern sintering moisture control employs a dual-track system of manual and automatic operation: In terms of manual control, operators assess the moisture content by sensory judgment (such as clumping when squeezed in the hand or crumbling upon light touch) combined with production parameters (negative pressure trend, moisture detection data) and manually adjust the water supply valve; in terms of automatic control, an intelligent adjustment system is established with an online moisture meter (neutron moisture meter / microwave moisture meter) as its core. By setting the initial moisture content of the raw materials, the system detects the moisture content at the outlet of the primary mixer in real time, automatically adjusts the water spray volume, and performs verification and fine-tuning at the outlet of the secondary mixer, forming a complete closed-loop control of detection-adjustment-compensation.

[0123] This temperature and moisture coordinated control mode, through the establishment of a multi-parameter linkage adjustment mechanism, achieves precise control of key process indicators in the sintering process, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the production of high-quality sintered ore.

[0124] For the coordinated control logic of ignition and sintering endpoint, the ignition and endpoint temperature control of the sintering machine are crucial for ensuring the smooth progress of the sintering process and the stability of sinter quality. Ignition temperature control serves a dual purpose: firstly, to provide the necessary initial heat for the sintering process; and secondly, to ignite the solid fuel in the mixture through a high-temperature flame, creating a favorable start for continuous combustion and the sintering reaction. To achieve this goal, precise and stable control of core parameters such as ignition negative pressure, ignition depth, and ignition temperature is essential. This not only affects the continuity of the sintering process but also directly impacts the product quality indicators and energy consumption efficiency of the sinter.

[0125] See Figure 6In the specific implementation of ignition temperature control, it is first necessary to establish a scientific parameter control range. According to the production process requirements, the ignition negative pressure should be maintained between -5 and 15 Pa, the ignition depth should be controlled within the range of 5 to 15 mm, the ignition excess coefficient is usually set between 1.0 and 1.2, and the ignition temperature should be maintained within a reasonable range of 1100 ± 50℃.

[0126] The control of the above parameters requires coordinated management from two dimensions: first, the permeability index of the sintering bed, which comprehensively reflects factors such as the structural characteristics of the raw materials, the pelletizing effect of the mixture, the temperature and moisture content of the mixture, the condition of the grate bars on the trolley, the intensity of the negative pressure of the ventilation system, the quality of the material distribution operation, and the configuration of the bed thickness; second, the sintering ignition conditions, including the stability of the gas supply pressure and calorific value, the sealing condition of the sintering ventilation system, and the negative pressure matching degree of the ignition wind boxes. It is particularly important to note that the negative pressure of wind boxes 1 to 3 should be controlled at approximately -2 kPa, -5 kPa, and -6 kPa, respectively, to form a reasonable negative pressure gradient. These two dimensions of control are interconnected and complementary, jointly ensuring that the ignition flame uniformly covers the material surface, achieving an ideal state where the ignition depth is appropriate and the material surface neither expands outwards nor contracts inwards, ultimately obtaining high-quality sintered ore with uniform melting and no over- or under-burning defects.

[0127] Meanwhile, controlling the final sintering temperature is equally crucial. The final temperature refers to the highest temperature reached by the sintered ore deposit when the sintering trolley reaches the tail of the sintering machine. Traditional processes use the temperature of the penultimate air box as the criterion for determining the final temperature, typically requiring this temperature to be about 20°C higher than the adjacent air box, and the minimum temperature should not be lower than 360°C. Depending on the characteristics of different raw materials, the optimal final temperature control range is generally set between 400 and 450°C. Reasonable control within this temperature range ensures a complete and thorough sintering process, avoiding both insufficient strength due to under-firing and energy waste caused by over-firing.

[0128] See Figure 7 In the joint control of the endpoint temperature and the main exhaust gas temperature, it is first necessary to determine the appropriate temperature control range based on the material characteristics. Typically, the endpoint temperature is controlled between 400 and 450°C, and the exhaust gas temperature between 110 and 150°C, with fluctuations minimized. When abnormal temperatures occur, the changes in process parameters such as material layer thickness, mixture moisture content, and temperature should be systematically checked. Initial adjustments can be made by modifying the material surface flatness and sintering machine operating speed. If these adjustments are ineffective, the focus should shift to optimizing the fuel ratio, and adjustments should be made based on the appearance of the red-hot layer at the tail discharge section.

[0129] When the red-hot layer is too thin and the brightness is insufficient, the amount of fuel should be increased appropriately; when the red-hot layer is too thick and the brightness is too high, the fuel ratio should be reduced accordingly. In addition, fluctuations in the basicity of the sintered ore will also have a certain impact on the final temperature, and the basicity needs to be strictly controlled within the target range.

[0130] It is particularly important to note that air leakage in the sintering system can severely interfere with the stability of temperature control. Therefore, a standardized leak detection and sealing mechanism must be established. Regular inspections and maintenance should be conducted on easily leaking components such as the air box, branch pipes, and ash discharge valves. Continuous improvement of the sealing devices at the machine head and tail is essential. Any leaks discovered during planned maintenance should be thoroughly addressed. In cases of significant air leakage, the fuel consumption can be appropriately increased for heat compensation to meet the basic requirements of the production process.

[0131] This coordinated control mode of ignition and final temperature, by establishing a temperature management system that corresponds to the start and end of the process, enables precise control of the thermal state throughout the sintering process, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the production of high-quality sinter.

[0132] Regarding the return ore balance control logic, controlling the internal circulation of sintered ore is a crucial aspect of maintaining stable sintering production. During the granulation and classification process of the finished sintered product, fine-grained sintered ore with a particle size ≤5mm is separated by a vibrating screen and returned to the batching chamber silo via a conveying system to participate in the recycling process. This returned ore has a dual value: firstly, it can serve as an effective substitute for iron, reducing raw material costs; secondly, its specific particle morphology can act as a "skeleton" support during the pelletizing process, significantly improving the strength and permeability of the pellets, thereby stabilizing the sintering process.

[0133] The control concept of return ore balance is based on the principle of dynamic equilibrium. Depending on the material characteristics and sintering conditions, the system will generate a corresponding amount of return ore. Ideally, the amount of return ore should be maintained at an optimal balance point with the total amount of sintered ore. Excessive return ore often indicates an abnormality in the sintering process, leading to an imbalance in the production system and creating a vicious cycle of declining quality and increased return ore, severely impacting production stability and product quality. Conversely, insufficient return ore will result in a lack of necessary skeletal support for the fine iron powder, leading to deterioration in the pelletizing performance of the mixture, weakening the sintering process's ability to buffer against material fluctuations, and consequently causing a series of problems such as decreased production stability, lower finished ore qualification rate, and reduced output.

[0134] See Figure 8The implementation of return ore control involves three key aspects. First, particle size monitoring: regularly testing the content of particles ≥5mm in the return ore. When this index exceeds 10%, it indicates potential wear on the vibrating screen plates, requiring planned replacement to ensure screening efficiency. Second, silo and flow control: real-time monitoring of return ore inventory and instantaneous flow rate using silo metering devices and return ore belt scales. If data exceeds stable ranges, an investigation procedure is immediately initiated to analyze and adjust relevant process parameters, such as adjusting for changes in return ore volume caused by fuel fluctuations. Finally, composition analysis: regular chemical testing of key indicators such as iron, silicon, calcium, and residual carbon in the return ore. This data provides crucial information for optimizing sintering batching and process control, helping to stabilize the chemical composition quality of the sinter.

[0135] The aforementioned return ore control system enables comprehensive management of the quantity, quality, and location of returned ore, ensuring continuous and stable sintering production while promoting efficient resource utilization and creating a virtuous cycle in the production system. This refined control strategy not only enhances the sintering process's resistance to interference but also lays a solid foundation for optimizing overall production indicators.

[0136] Regarding the control logic of fuel and flux replacement, the sintering fuel and flux replacement process is a key technical measure to ensure stable and smooth sintering production and consistent product quality. In modern sintering production, establishing a scientific and standardized replacement control system is of paramount importance for maintaining carbon balance, thermal regime stability, and chemical composition control during the production process.

[0137] Regarding fuel replacement control, the core objective of fuel replacement is to maintain the carbon balance stability during the sintering process, ensure that the ferrous iron (FeO) content of the sinter is controlled within the ideal range, and avoid quality fluctuations caused by changes in fuel characteristics.

[0138] See Figure 9 When implementing fuel replacement, it is first necessary to obtain detailed indicators of the fuel before and after replacement, including key parameters such as industrial analysis, elemental analysis and particle size composition, so as to lay a data foundation for subsequent accurate calculations.

[0139] The replacement calculation follows the principle of multi-factor coordinated adjustment. For moisture changes, a quantitative calculation formula is used: Q2=Q1*(1-M1) / (1-M2), where Q1 is the amount of fuel added before the moisture change, M1 is the received basis moisture content of the fuel before the change (expressed as a decimal), M2 is the received basis moisture content of the fuel after the change (expressed as a decimal), and Q2 is the adjusted amount of fuel after the moisture change. This calculation ensures that the dry basis ratio remains stable when the fuel moisture content changes.

[0140] Regarding carbon content adjustment, moisture interference is eliminated by converting the carbon content on a dry basis, based on formula C. d =C ar / (1-M ar Standardize the process, C ar To obtain the carbon content of the base, M ar To receive the base moisture (expressed as a decimal); then press Q. B = Q A *(C dA / C dB To achieve accurate carbon balance, C dA and C dB The dry basis carbon content of fuel A and fuel B, respectively, Q A Q represents the amount of fuel A used before replacement. B This represents the amount of fuel B used after the replacement.

[0141] In addition, the influence of fuel particle size must be considered. Based on a particle size content of 65% to 75% of 0.5 to 3 mm, a particle size correction factor of 1.0 is set. For every 5% deviation of the particle size content from the benchmark, the correction factor is adjusted by ±0.1.

[0142] The production verification after replacement employed a multi-dimensional evaluation method. This involved monitoring the changing trends of the sintering endpoint temperature and the main exhaust gas temperature, observing the thickness and brightness characteristics of the red-hot layer at the tail unloading section, analyzing the flue gas temperature fluctuations in the cooling section of the annular cooler, and comprehensively assessing the results by combining this with the appearance quality of the finished ore (such as color and pore structure). Finally, laboratory testing of the ferrous content in the sinter was used to refine the fuel blending, ensuring stable and controlled FeO levels.

[0143] For flux displacement control, the flux displacement operation aims to precisely regulate the basicity (R2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) content of sinter, while optimizing the thermal regime of the sintering process, improving the metallurgical properties of the sinter, and providing high-quality raw materials for blast furnace smelting. Based on their functions, limestone powder and quicklime are mainly used to adjust basicity, while dolomite and magnesite powder focus on controlling magnesium oxide content.

[0144] Taking quicklime replacement as an example, the implementation process emphasizes precise calculation and dynamic adjustment. (See also...) Figure 10When the effective CaO content of quicklime changes, the proportion is adjusted according to the formula m2=m1*(CaO1 / CaO2), where m1 is the proportion of virgin quicklime (kg / t); CaO1: effective CaO content of virgin quicklime (%); CaO2: effective CaO content of slaked quicklime (%); and m2 is the proportion of slaked quicklime to be adjusted (kg / t). This ensures a stable input of the total effective CaO. Simultaneously, the influence of quicklime activity must be considered, establishing a graded correction system: when activity ≥ 320 mL, the correction coefficient K is 0.95~1.0; when activity 250~280 mL, K is 1.05~1.10; and when activity 220~250 mL, K is 1.10~1.15. By introducing the activity correction coefficient, the influence caused by differences in quicklime reactivity is effectively compensated.

[0145] A comprehensive verification and feedback mechanism was established during the replacement process. The basicity index of the sintered ore was regularly tested, and when the deviation exceeded ±0.05, fine-tuning was performed according to the principle of "K value ±0.02". Simultaneously, the replacement effect was comprehensively evaluated by combining the actual production parameter changes with observations of the unloading section, the appearance characteristics of the finished ore, and laboratory test data, forming a complete quality control closed loop.

[0146] By establishing a scientific calculation model and a comprehensive verification mechanism, a stable transition in sintering production under changing raw material conditions was ensured, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the continuous production of high-quality sinter. The establishment of this system not only improved the production process's resistance to interference but also significantly enhanced the consistency of product quality, reflecting the trend of modern sintering production towards refinement and intelligence.

[0147] The logic for verifying the feeding of materials is a fundamental step in ensuring stable sintering production quality. As the core of the sintering process, the accuracy of the batching operation directly determines the stability of the components of the sinter, thus affecting the smooth operation of the blast furnace smelting process. The accurate and reliable operation of the batching weighing scale is the basic guarantee for achieving precise ore batching; therefore, establishing a systematic feeding verification system is crucial for quality control.

[0148] In practical applications, refer to Figure 11 The material feeding verification employs a dual-safety mechanism combining manual pallet inspection and belt scale body inspection. Manual pallet inspection uses a standard inspection container (1000mm*600mm*50mm). Following a standardized sampling procedure, the inspection pallet is placed at the tail of the belt scale, allowing it to travel with the belt through the feeding point. The material is then removed and weighed at the outlet, and its net weight is recorded. The actual feeding rate is verified by comparing the calculated result ("Actual feeding rate (kg / h) = Average pallet weight (kg) * Belt speed (m / s) * 3600 (s / h)") with the instrument display value. This method is intuitive and effective, and is an important means of daily verification.

[0149] The calibration of the belt scale itself is a more systematic maintenance and calibration process. Calibration must be performed in the following situations: after replacing the weighing idler rollers or adjusting their level; after replacing the sensor; after addressing severe misalignment or scraping issues; after replacing the scraper plate; and after replacing the front and rear rollers or pressure rollers. Before calibration, comprehensive preparatory work is required, including clearing accumulated material from the belt, measuring the actual circumference of the belt, and checking the operating speed. At the same time, a detailed inspection of the equipment condition is necessary to ensure that the weighing idler rollers are balanced and stable, and that their installation height is precisely 1-2 mm higher than the front and rear transition idler rollers. It must also be confirmed that the weighing frame is free of accumulated material and looseness.

[0150] In the sensor detection stage, it is necessary to monitor whether the signal value is within the normal range and fluctuates smoothly. For multi-sensor systems, it is essential to ensure that the force on each sensor is balanced and the difference in signal value is minimized. Simultaneously, the speed sensor rollers must be kept clean to avoid measurement fluctuations caused by material adhesion. After completing these preparations, zero-point calibration is performed first. The zero-point value is confirmed to be stable under belt no-load operation. For frequency conversion belts, a standard frequency of 50Hz must be maintained. After passing the zero-point calibration, the range is calibrated using calibrated chain weights or hanging weights. The chain weights must be accurately positioned, centered on the weighing idler roller, and securely fixed to prevent swaying during operation. The theoretical value is calculated by measuring the belt length, operating cycle, and standard weight. The actual detection value is compared with the theoretical value, and the error must be strictly controlled within 0.5%.

[0151] It is particularly important to note that the measurement accuracy of sensors is susceptible to various factors, including high-temperature operating environments, improper welding, material accumulation on the weighing frame, moisture in the sensors, belt misalignment and vibration, and human intervention such as stepping on the sensor's stress points. These factors require careful attention during routine maintenance. After verification, all protective devices should be promptly restored, work order completion procedures should be completed, and a formal handover should be conducted with the production team to ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0152] This complete feeding and verification system provides a reliable guarantee for precise batching in sintering production through standardized operating procedures and strict quality standards. It ensures the stability and consistency of sinter composition from the source, laying a solid foundation for the stable operation of subsequent processes.

[0153] Based on the above-mentioned multi-process collaborative control method for sintering, a multi-process collaborative control system for sintering is applied.

[0154] By constructing the organic synergy of the aforementioned core control logic, refined and intelligent management of the entire sintering production process is achieved. The control system, driven by data, establishes a complete closed-loop control system from front-end material preparation to final quality verification, effectively solving the problem of unstable product quality caused by large material fluctuations and strong parameter coupling in traditional sintering processes.

[0155] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for multi-pass coordinated control of a sintering process, characterized in that, The method dynamically adjusts key materials and process parameters in the sintering production based on real-time detection data by constructing and implementing the following control logics: Mixed material replacement control logic: during the mixed material replacement, a feedforward compensation model is established with the material ferrous composition and sintering loss rate as variables to dynamically pre-adjust the fuel and flux ratio in the secondary proportioning; The ferrous composition of the special inspection material is adjusted, and based on the change of the ferrous content, a calculation formula is used to dynamically adjust the fuel ratio, wherein the compensation formula used is: fuel adjustment amount=percentage of replaced material*percentage of sintering loss change*(-0.03%); The sintering loss rate index of the synchronous inspection material is adjusted according to the actual change of the sintering loss rate, and the fuel ratio is adjusted according to the formula, that is: fuel adjustment amount=percentage of replaced material*percentage of sintering loss change*(+0.13%); Solid waste recycling control logic: an access and replacement mechanism for gravity dust and environmental dust is established; first, whether to use it is dynamically confirmed according to the detection results and the preset threshold value of the harmful components; then, according to the fixed carbon and iron and calcium effective components, part of the solid fuel and iron-containing raw materials / flux are replaced in equal amount; the harmful components include potassium, sodium and zinc; the preset threshold value is set to three control threshold values: if the detection value exceeds the standard by less than 0.005%, the usage amount is reduced, if it exceeds the standard by less than 0.01%, the usage amount is halved, and if it exceeds the standard by more than 0.01%, the usage is stopped; Hydrothermal synergistic control logic: by establishing a coupling adjustment mechanism of mixed material temperature and moisture, the preheating steam, process hot water and mixed machine water amount are synergistically controlled to ensure that the mixed material temperature in the material distribution area is stable above the dew point and the moisture is in the best balling interval; Ignition-sintering endpoint synergistic control logic: the ignition process and the sintering endpoint are associated and controlled, with the front-end material layer permeability index as the feedforward, the rear-end exhaust gas temperature and the machine tail red fire layer state as the feedback, and the ignition parameters and the main fuel usage amount are adjusted to form a thermal state closed-loop control throughout the sintering process; Return fines balancing control logic: a balancing mechanism is established with return fines bin position and key particle size content as the core criteria, and the sintering process is diagnosed and adjusted in the reverse direction through the physical state and flow feedback of the return fines; Fuel replacement control logic and flux replacement control logic: when the raw material is replaced, the precise replacement calculation is performed based on the principle of carbon balance or alkalinity conservation, and the particle size or activity degree correction coefficient is introduced for optimization; The fuel replacement control logic includes: (1) Moisture variable adjustment: when the fuel moisture changes and the carbon content remains unchanged, the adjusted fuel amount is calculated; (2) Carbon content variable adjustment: when different carbon content fuels are replaced, the fuel usage after replacement is calculated based on the completion of step (1) or when the moisture does not change; (3) Particle size variable adjustment: after the above steps are executed, the fuel particle size correction coefficient is introduced for the final optimization of the amount of fuel to be added; The flux replacement control logic includes: (1) For alkalinity control, the replacement calculation is performed based on the effective CaO content; (2) For activity degree change, an empirical correction coefficient K is introduced for compensation; (3) The sinter after replacement is detected for alkalinity, and feedback fine adjustment is made according to the detection result.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. The specific steps of the dynamic pre-adjustment in the mixed material replacement control logic include: (1) The ingredients of the mixed material are detected, and the proportion of each material is calculated; (2) The mixed material is stacked and sampled at multiple points to detect its chemical composition; (3) The initial amount of auxiliary material in the secondary proportioning is determined in combination with the calculation result of the proportioning; (4) The ferrous content and burning loss rate of the detected material are calculated, and the fuel adjustment amount is calculated by substituting the feedforward compensation model; (5) The fuel proportioning amount is corrected according to the fuel adjustment amount; (6) The ferrous content of the sinter is detected and verified, and feedback fine adjustment is made according to the verification result; (7) The silicon and calcium contents in the mixed material are detected, and the flux proportioning amount is adjusted according to the sinter alkalinity detection result.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. In the solid waste recycling proportioning control logic, the equivalent replacement includes: For gravity dust, according to its fixed carbon content, part of the solid fuel is replaced by the following formula: Replacement fuel amount = (gravity ash fixed carbon content / fuel fixed carbon content) * gravity ash amount; For environmental dust, according to its iron and calcium content, part of the iron-containing raw material or flux is replaced.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. The water-heat synergistic control logic includes: The mixed material temperature at the outlet of the primary mixer is controlled to be 55-65℃, and the mixed material temperature at the outlet of the secondary mixer is controlled to be 65-85℃; and auxiliary preheating and steam compensation are used to ensure that the mixed material temperature in the distribution area is greater than or equal to 75℃; The heating water temperature of the mixer is controlled to be 70-85℃; Through online moisture detection and intelligent adjustment system, the moisture content of the mixed material is controlled within the range of (7.5±0.3) %.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. The ignition-sintering endpoint synergistic control logic includes: The ignition negative pressure is controlled to be -5 to -15 Pa, the ignition depth is 5-15 mm, the ignition excess coefficient is 1.0-1.2, and the ignition temperature is 1050-1150℃; The sintering endpoint temperature is controlled to be 400-450℃, and the total pipe exhaust gas temperature is 110-150℃; When the endpoint or exhaust gas temperature is abnormal, the layer thickness, mixed material moisture and temperature are adjusted; If the above adjustment is invalid, the ignition parameters and main fuel proportioning amount are adjusted simultaneously according to the red fire layer thickness and brightness at the tail of the machine.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. The returned ore balance control logic includes: If the content of the ≥5 mm particle size in the returned ore exceeds 10%, it is determined that the screen plate is worn out, and a replacement warning is triggered; The returned ore bin position is monitored, and when the bin position continuously deviates from the stable interval, the sintering fuel amount is adjusted in the reverse direction; The chemical composition of the returned ore, such as iron, silicon, calcium and residual carbon content, is detected regularly, and the results are used to guide the fine adjustment of the sintering process.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. The fuel replacement control logic includes: (1) Moisture variable adjustment: when the fuel moisture changes and the carbon content remains unchanged, the adjusted fuel amount is calculated according to the following formula: Q2=Q1*(1 - M1) / (1 - M2) Wherein, Q1 is the proportioning amount of the fuel before the moisture change; M1 is the received base moisture of the fuel before the change, expressed in decimal; M2 is the received base moisture of the fuel after the change, expressed in decimal; Q2 is the adjusted fuel amount after the moisture change; (2) Carbon content variable adjustment: when replacing fuels with different carbon contents, on the basis of performing step (1), or when the moisture content is unchanged, the amount of fuel after replacement is calculated according to the following formula: Q B =Q A *(C dA / C dB ) wherein, Q A for the amount of fuel A before displacement; Q B for the amount of post displacement fuel B; C dA and C dB are the dry basis carbon contents of fuels A and B, respectively; The conversion formula of the dry basis carbon content is: C d =C ar / (1 - M ar ) wherein C ar as received basis, M ar as received basis, expressed as a decimal fraction; (3) Particle size variable adjustment: after performing the above steps, a fuel particle size correction factor is introduced to optimize the final amount of addition: when the content of the 0.5-3 mm particle size is set to be within the range of 65%-75%, the particle size correction factor is 1.0; for each 5% deviation of the particle size content from the above range, the correction factor is increased or decreased by 0.1 accordingly.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering process is a multi-pass process. The flux replacement control logic includes: (1) For alkalinity control, the replacement calculation is performed with the effective CaO content as the core, and the formula is: m2=m1*(CaO1 / CaO2); wherein, m1 is the original lime ratio, kg / t; CaO1: effective CaO content of the original lime, %; CaO2: effective CaO content of the new lime, %; m2 is the adjusted ratio of the new lime, kg / t; (2) For activity degree change, an empirical correction factor K is introduced for compensation: When the activity degree is ≥320 mL, K=0.95-1.0; When the activity degree is 250-280 mL, K=1.05-1.10; When the activity degree is 220-250 mL, K=1.10-1.15; (3) The alkalinity of the sinter after replacement is detected, and feedback fine tuning is performed according to the detection results; the calculation formula of the feedback fine tuning is: quicklime addition amount adjustment=(detected alkalinity value-target alkalinity value)*current SiO2 mass fraction / effective CaO mass fraction of quicklime.

9. A multi-process collaborative control system of a sintering process, used to implement the multi-process collaborative control method of the sintering process according to any one of claims 1-8.

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