A convex cylindrical array ultra-precision single-point diamond finishing method

Abstract

The application discloses a convex cylindrical array ultra-precision single-point diamond finishing machining method and relates to the technical field of convex cylindrical array machining, and specifically comprises the following steps: S100, a single-crystal diamond cutter is installed on a single-point diamond ultra-precision lathe, and one workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array is cut, wherein the single-crystal diamond cutter comprises a cutter handle and a diamond blade, and the diamond blade is in a rectangular or trapezoidal shape; the application adopts the trapezoidal or rectangular cutter which belongs to a straight-line blade cutter, so that the manufacturing cost of the cutter is lower; secondly, the single-crystal diamond cutter in the rectangular or trapezoidal shape moves along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction in the unit horizontal plane and rotates around the B-axis, the invalid area at the root of the convex cylindrical array can be effectively removed, the tool path interval during cutting can be larger by adopting the single-crystal diamond cutter with a straight-line blade, the cutting time is effectively shortened, the machining efficiency is improved, and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of convex cylindrical array machining technology, specifically to a method for ultra-precision single-point diamond root cleaning machining of convex cylindrical arrays. Background Technology

[0002] A convex cylindrical array is an array structure with a surface similar to a cylinder, and a portion of the array is arranged together along the axial direction of the cylinder. The surface shape is not limited to a cylindrical surface, but can also be aspherical, etc. It is mostly used in line focal point applications, as well as in photovoltaic, lighting and laser shaping fields. It needs to be cut by a cutting tool during the production process.

[0003] Existing technologies generally employ circular arc cutting tools to process convex cylindrical surface arrays. This involves using a circular arc-shaped cutting edge, where the tool edge is tangent to the various arc surfaces of the array to machine the cylindrical surfaces. However, when machining cylindrical surfaces with circular arc cutting tools, residual circular arcs at concave corners cannot be removed. The size of the residual arc radius depends on the tool's arc radius value; the smaller the tool's arc radius, the smaller the residual arc at the root of the convex cylindrical surface array. However, a smaller tool arc radius requires more cutting passes because the overlapping of the tool's arcs creates residual height on the surface. To achieve good surface quality, the residual height must be reduced. Smaller arcs require denser cutting spacing, creating a trade-off between efficiency and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for ultra-precision single-point diamond root cleaning of convex cylindrical arrays, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for ultra-precision single-point diamond root cleaning machining of convex cylindrical arrays, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S100, mounts a single crystal diamond tool onto a single-point diamond ultra-precision lathe, and cuts one of the workpiece units of a convex cylindrical array, wherein the single crystal diamond tool includes a tool holder and a diamond insert, and the diamond insert is rectangular or trapezoidal.

[0008] S200: During cutting, the single crystal diamond tool translates in two directions along the surface of the workpiece unit in the horizontal plane, and the single crystal diamond tool rotates during the translation process.

[0009] S300, the cutting ends when the single crystal diamond tool moves from one edge of the workpiece unit to the other edge of the workpiece unit. The above operation is repeated to clean the left and right concave sharp corners on all workpiece units of the convex cylindrical array.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle of the diamond cutting tool is determined by the normal direction of the workpiece unit boundary of the convex cylindrical array.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S200, the two moving directions are the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction in the horizontal plane, respectively, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other, and the rotation axis of the single crystal diamond tool is the B-axis.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S200, when the single crystal diamond tool moves along the X-axis and Z-axis, the motion trajectory is confirmed by calculation.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, when the single crystal diamond tool cuts to the edge of the workpiece unit, the straight cutting edge of the tool is tangent to the boundary arc surface of the workpiece unit.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, when the tool cuts to the edge of the workpiece unit, the corner point of the tool moves to the edge position of the workpiece unit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] This invention employs trapezoidal or rectangular straight-edged tools, resulting in lower tool manufacturing costs. Furthermore, by using rectangular or trapezoidal single-crystal diamond tools that move along the X and Z axes within the unit's horizontal plane and rotate around the B axis, the ineffective area at the root of the convex cylindrical array can be effectively removed, increasing the application area of ​​the workpiece unit and improving optical performance. The use of straight-edged single-crystal diamond tools allows for a larger toolpath spacing during cutting, effectively shortening cutting time, improving processing efficiency, and reducing processing costs. It also transforms the residual surface grooves of the convex cylindrical array from circular arcs into straight lines, improving the surface appearance and forming state of the array and enhancing surface processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall machining process of the prior art of circular arc machining according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the residual area of ​​the concave-sharp corner arc after the prior art of arc processing in this invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the left and right root clearing processes of this invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the left-side root clearing process of this invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the right-side root clearing process of this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the movement trajectory and rotation angle of the single-crystal diamond tool in this invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the single-crystal diamond cutting tool in this invention;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the convex cylindrical array in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The concepts involved in this application will first be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following descriptions of various concepts are only for the purpose of making the content of this application easier to understand and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this invention provides a method for ultra-precision single-point diamond root cleaning machining of convex cylindrical arrays, the specific steps of which include:

[0029] S100, mounts a single crystal diamond tool onto a single-point diamond ultra-precision lathe, and cuts one of the workpiece units of a convex cylindrical array, wherein the single crystal diamond tool includes a tool holder and a diamond insert, and the diamond insert is rectangular or trapezoidal.

[0030] In this embodiment, the single-point diamond ultra-precision lathe is a five-axis lathe. The diamond inserts of the single-crystal diamond tool are rectangular and trapezoidal, belonging to straight-edge tools. The grinding process of straight-edge tools only requires single-axis linear motion for grinding, ensuring that the straight edge is in parallel contact with the grinding wheel surface. Then, the linear axis drives the tool to move linearly along the grinding wheel surface to shape the tool. The grinding process of diamond arc tools involves aligning the center of the arc of the tool with the center of the rotation axis of the grinding equipment. While the tool rotates around the center of the arc, the tool also needs to translate along the plane of the grinding wheel. During the translation process, the arc cutting edge continuously changes position and becomes tangent to the grinding wheel surface, achieving the purpose of grinding the arc cutting edge. Compared with straight-edge tools, the motion mechanism for grinding arc-edge tools is more complex and the grinding efficiency is lower. Therefore, compared with the grinding process of arc-edge tools, straight-edge tools are easier to manufacture from a process perspective and have lower manufacturing costs.

[0031] In S200, during cutting, the single-crystal diamond tool translates in two directions along the surface of the workpiece unit in the horizontal plane, and the single-crystal diamond tool rotates during the translation process.

[0032] When the workpiece is rotated and translated to the predetermined position, the convex cylindrical array moves up and down, generating a planing action, and the material in the corresponding area of ​​the workpiece is cut away.

[0033] A single-crystal diamond tool rotates around a center to adjust its position. After the single-crystal diamond tool rotates to the corresponding rotation point, tool trajectory planning is performed to achieve the cutting of the concave corners at both ends of the convex cylindrical array using the two corner points of the single-crystal diamond tool.

[0034] S300, the cutting ends when the single crystal diamond tool moves from one edge of the workpiece unit to the other edge of the workpiece unit. The above operation is repeated to clean the left and right concave sharp corners on all workpiece units of the convex cylindrical array.

[0035] The angle of the diamond cutting tool is determined by the normal direction of the workpiece cell boundary of the convex cylindrical array.

[0036] The angle between the straight cutting edge and the side cutting edge on the single-crystal diamond tool must be smaller than the concave angle of the convex cylindrical array workpiece. This is because the two corner points of the single-crystal diamond tool must cut to the concave tips at both ends of the workpiece unit. When the corner point of the single-crystal diamond tool cuts to the concave tip of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array, the corner point of the single-crystal diamond tool coincides with the concave tip, and the straight cutting edge at the front end of the single-crystal diamond tool needs to be tangent to the concave tip.

[0037] In step S200, the two moving directions are the X-axis and Z-axis directions in the horizontal plane, respectively, and the X-axis and Z-axis directions are perpendicular to each other. The rotation axis of the single crystal diamond tool is the B-axis.

[0038] In step S200, when the single-crystal diamond tool moves along the X-axis and Z-axis, the motion trajectory is confirmed by calculation.

[0039] The coordinate system is the machine tool coordinate system, with the X and Z axes in the horizontal plane, the Y axis in the height direction, and the B axis for rotation around the Y axis. The two movement directions of the single crystal diamond tool are the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and the rotation axis of the single crystal diamond tool is the B axis.

[0040] The motion of a single-crystal diamond tool is calculated based on the cutting relationship between the straight-edged tool (i.e., the single-crystal diamond tool) and the convex cylindrical array. The goal is to ensure that the left and right extreme positions of the straight-edged edge of the single-crystal diamond tool can precisely cut to the left and right concave corners of the convex cylindrical array. If we assume the width of the convex cylindrical array is M, the length of the straight-edged edge of the single-crystal diamond tool is F, the normal vector direction of the convex cylindrical array at the left concave corner is angle A, and at the right concave corner is angle B, then during the cutting process from left to right, the single-crystal diamond tool's movement S = (MF) / (2 * cosA), and the rotation angle Q = BA. The calculation of the single-crystal diamond tool involves a combination of movement and rotation, allowing the left and right convex cylindrical array corners to cut at their respective concave corners, achieving root clearing.

[0041] The motion trajectory of the single-crystal diamond tool during the entire root cleaning process is as follows: The center of the straight cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool is set as the programming zero point. When the straight cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool is parallel to the X-axis, the B-axis is set to 0. The left side is set as the starting position of the single-crystal diamond tool motion, and the right side is set as the ending position. The starting position is the left limit of the straight cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool. The B-axis rotation angle A makes the straight cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool tangent to the left end of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array. Simultaneously, the ZX-axis combined motion makes the left end of the straight cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool coincide with the left end of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array. The ending position is the right limit of the straight cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool. The B-axis rotation angle -A makes the single-crystal diamond tool... The linear cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool is tangent to the left end of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array. Simultaneously, the ZX-axis compound motion causes the left end of the linear cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool to coincide with the left end of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array. During the cutting process from the left limit to the right limit of the linear cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool, the tangent point between the single-crystal diamond tool and the surface of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array gradually moves on the linear cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool. In order to make the tangent relationship between the tangent point of the linear cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool and the surface of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array, the single-crystal diamond tool also needs to make a corresponding rotation angle from A to -A. This ensures that the linear cutting edge of the single-crystal diamond tool is always correctly tangent to the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical array, thereby achieving the required machining surface shape. This motion trajectory is called the multi-axis linkage trajectory.

[0042] Among them, the corner points of single-crystal diamond cutting tools are generally the corners on both sides of the short edge of the diamond cutting tool, which is shaped like an isosceles trapezoid or rectangle.

[0043] Secondly, when a single-crystal diamond tool performs cutting, it moves along the X-axis and Z-axis directions within the unit's horizontal plane and rotates around the B-axis, effectively removing the invalid area at the root of the convex cylindrical array (the invalid area is formed because the current processing method uses a circular arc tool, which cannot cut to the concave corner, so there will be an area that cannot be processed at the concave corner, which is the invalid area). This invention changes the shape of the tool and uses a specific tool movement processing method to cut the root of the convex cylindrical array to a point where there is no residual area.

[0044] In step S300, when the tool cuts to the edge of the workpiece unit, the straight cutting edge of the tool is tangent to the boundary arc surface of the workpiece unit.

[0045] In step S300, when the tool cuts to the edge of the workpiece unit, the corner point of the tool moves to the edge position of the workpiece unit.

[0046] In the attached diagram, T represents a diamond circular arc tool, P represents the residual area, L represents left-side root clearing, R represents right-side root clearing, F represents a diamond insert, G represents a tool holder, and H represents a straight cutting edge.

[0047] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are merely preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for implementing the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as the technology or embodiments that are substantially the same as the present invention.

[0048] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A convex cylindrical array ultra-precision single-point diamond truing method, characterized in that, The specific steps include: S100, installing a single crystal diamond cutter on a single-point diamond ultra-precision lathe, and cutting one workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical surface array, wherein the single crystal diamond cutter comprises a tool handle and a diamond blade, and the diamond blade is rectangular or trapezoidal; S200, during the cutting, the single crystal diamond cutter moves in two directions along the surface of the workpiece unit in the horizontal plane, and the single crystal diamond cutter rotates during the movement; S300, the cutting is ended when the single crystal diamond cutter moves from one side edge of the workpiece unit to the other side edge of the workpiece unit, and the above operation is repeated to perform the root removal processing on the left and right concave sharp corners of all workpiece units of the convex cylindrical surface array; In step S200, the two moving directions are X-axis direction and Z-axis direction in the horizontal plane, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other, and the rotation axis of the single crystal diamond cutter is B-axis; In step S300, when the cutter cuts to the edge of the workpiece unit, the straight edge of the cutter is tangent to the boundary curved surface of the workpiece unit; In step S300, when the cutter cuts to the edge of the workpiece unit, the corner point of the cutter moves to the edge position of the workpiece unit.

2. The convex cylindrical array ultra-precision single-point diamond finishing method according to claim 1, wherein, The angle of the diamond blade is determined by the direction of the normal vector of the boundary of the workpiece unit of the convex cylindrical surface array.

3. The convex cylindrical array ultra-precision single-point diamond finishing method according to claim 1, wherein, In step S200, when the single crystal diamond cutter moves along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, the movement track is confirmed by calculation.

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