Hub motor integrated with planetary gear speed change mechanism and hub system

Abstract

The invention discloses a hub motor integrated with a planetary gear speed change mechanism and a hub system, and relates to the technical field of electric power-assisted bicycle driving. The motor comprises a rotor. Magnetic steel is installed on the inner side wall of the rotor at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A sun wheel is coaxially and fixedly installed at the center position of the rotor, a plurality of planet wheels are connected to the outer ring of the sun wheel in a meshing mode at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a gear ring is connected to the outer sides of the planet wheels in a meshing mode, a one-way clutch is fixedly installed on one side of the gear ring, and the planet wheels are installed on the one-way clutch through a wheel shaft. By means of the sun gear, the planet gear, the rotor and other structures, the one-way clutch can bear large torque, reverse transmission of power can be prevented, meanwhile, continuous output of the torque is ensured, the problem of power output interruption is avoided, and the slipping phenomenon can also be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric-assisted bicycle drive technology, specifically to a hub motor and hub system integrating a planetary gear transmission mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicles, or electric-powered vehicles, use batteries as their energy source and convert electrical energy into mechanical energy for movement through components such as controllers and motors. Based on their type, electric vehicles can be divided into two-wheeled electric vehicles, three-wheeled electric vehicles, and electric cars. Hub motors are mainly used in two-wheeled and three-wheeled electric vehicles, but can also be used in electric cars.

[0003] Traditional hub motors use the motor rotor to directly drive the wheel, which simplifies the structure and reduces transmission losses. They have become a commonly used transmission device in the field of electric bicycles. However, in climbing scenarios, there is usually a problem of insufficient torque leading to power output interruption. For example, when climbing, there may be a brief slippage due to excessive resistance.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a hub motor and hub system integrating a planetary gear transmission mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hub motor and hub system with an integrated planetary gear transmission mechanism, which enables a one-way clutch to carry a large torque, prevents reverse power transmission, ensures continuous torque output, avoids power output interruption, and also avoids slippage.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hub motor with an integrated planetary gear transmission mechanism, applied to an electric off-road bicycle, comprising a motor housing, a rotor installed inside the motor housing, and magnets installed at equal intervals in a circumferential direction on the inner sidewall of the rotor;

[0007] A sun gear is coaxially fixedly mounted at the center of the rotor. Several planet gears are circumferentially meshed and connected to the outer ring of the sun gear. A gear ring is meshed and connected to the outer side of the planet gears. The outer wall of the gear ring is interference-fitted with the motor housing. A one-way clutch is fixedly mounted on one side of the gear ring. Several planet gears are mounted on the one-way clutch through a gear shaft.

[0008] When the rotor drives the sun gear to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch is locked. Due to the locking of the one-way clutch, the axles of several planet gears cannot revolve around the sun gear. The sun gear will only drive the planet gears to rotate on their own axis. The planet gears will drive the ring gear to rotate, thereby driving the motor housing and the rotor to rotate synchronously, thus realizing power output.

[0009] When the rotor drives the sun gear to rotate counterclockwise, the one-way clutch is in the unlocked state. At this time, relative rotation occurs between the gear ring and the one-way clutch. The sun gear drives the planet gears to revolve counterclockwise and the planet gears to rotate on their own axes. At this time, the rotor rotates, the motor housing and the gear ring stop rotating, and the power output is interrupted.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a stator, which is coaxially arranged with the rotor and rotates relative to it. A motor shaft is fixedly installed at the center of the stator, and the motor shaft passes through the center of the rotor and the sun gear, with a gap between the motor shaft and the sun gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the stator is provided with Hall slots and stator slots for winding, and a Hall switch is inserted into the stator through the Hall slots.

[0012] Furthermore, the Hall slot is located on the side of the stator, and the Hall switch is connected to a circuit board via solder leads. The circuit board is installed in the groove inside the stator.

[0013] Furthermore, an insulating sheet of the same size is placed under the circuit board, and the insulating sheet and the circuit board are connected and fixed to the stator with screws. The Hall leads are straightened and laid flat on the stator copper wires.

[0014] Furthermore, the circuit board adopts a fan-ring structure adapted to the inner groove of the stator.

[0015] Furthermore, the motor shaft has a wiring outlet hole on the side near the Hall slot for installing wiring.

[0016] Furthermore, the one-way clutch includes an outer race and an inner race disposed within the outer race. The outer race and the inner race are coaxially arranged and rotate relative to each other. A wedge, an annular retainer for holding the wedge, and a spring are disposed between the outer race and the inner race. The inner race of the one-way clutch is fixedly installed to the motor shaft via a flat key and a keyway.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a hub system including a hub motor with an integrated planetary gear transmission mechanism described in the first aspect.

[0018] According to a third aspect of the invention, the present invention provides an electric off-road bicycle including the hub system described in the second aspect.

[0019] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Traditional hub motors rely on controller parameter adjustments to amplify torque, which carries the risk of signal delay. In contrast, the one-way clutch of this invention uses instantaneous locking of the gear ring to bring the planetary gears into a fixed reduction ratio state. During the driving process, the inner and outer rings of the one-way clutch are locked, forcing the motor power to be output through the sun gear → planetary gears → inner gear ring, forming a transmission path with a fixed reduction ratio, thereby amplifying the torque. The torque amplification factor is determined by the gear ratio, ensuring continuous torque output.

[0021] 2. When climbing a hill, there may be a brief slippage due to excessive resistance. In this invention, the one-way clutch has a large torque capacity and can block the transmission of reverse torque, preventing the wheels from reversing and impacting the motor.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the planetary gear mechanism in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board installation in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the motor output wires of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1. Rotor; 2. Magnet; 3. Stator; 31. Stator slot; 32. Hall effect slot; 4. Circuit board; 5. Hall effect switch; 6. Motor housing; 7. Motor shaft; 71. Cable outlet; 8. Motor wire; 81. Connector; 9. Planetary gear mechanism; 91. Planetary gear; 92. One-way clutch; 93. Sun gear; 94. Gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] Please see Figures 1-4The present invention provides a technical solution: a hub motor with an integrated planetary gear transmission mechanism, applied to an electric off-road bicycle, including a motor housing 6, a rotor 1 installed inside the motor housing 6, and magnets 2 installed circumferentially at equal intervals on the inner sidewall of the rotor 1.

[0032] A sun gear 93 is coaxially fixedly mounted at the center of the rotor 1. Several planet gears are circumferentially meshed and connected to the outer ring of the sun gear 93. A gear ring 94 is meshed and connected to the outer side of the planet gears. The outer wall of the gear ring 94 is interference-fitted with the motor housing 6. A one-way clutch 92 is fixedly mounted on one side of the gear ring 94. Several planet gears are mounted on the one-way clutch 92 through a gear shaft.

[0033] When the rotor 1 drives the sun gear 93 to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch 92 is locked. Due to the locking of the one-way clutch 92, the axles of several planetary gears cannot revolve around the sun gear 93. The sun gear 93 will only drive the planetary gears to rotate on their own axis. The planetary gears will drive the gear ring 94 to rotate, thereby driving the motor housing 6 to rotate synchronously with the rotor 1 to achieve power output.

[0034] When rotor 1 drives sun gear 93 to rotate counterclockwise, one-way clutch 92 is in the unlocked state. At this time, relative rotation occurs between gear ring 94 and one-way clutch 92. Sun gear 93 drives planetary gears to revolve counterclockwise and planetary gears to rotate on their own axis. At this time, rotor 1 rotates, motor housing 6 and gear ring 94 stop rotating, and power output is interrupted.

[0035] It should be noted that the planetary gear 91, one-way clutch 92, sun gear 93, and ring gear 94 constitute the planetary gear mechanism 9. The planetary gear mechanism 9 enables the one-way clutch 92 to bear a large torque, which can prevent the reverse transmission of power while ensuring continuous torque output, avoiding the problem of power output interruption, and also preventing slippage.

[0036] The technical solution of this embodiment also includes a stator 3, which is coaxially arranged with the rotor 1 and rotates relative to it. A motor shaft 7 is fixedly installed at the center of the stator 3. The coaxial arrangement and relative rotation of the stator 3 and the rotor 1 ensure the smooth operation of the motor, reduce the vibration and noise caused by eccentric force, and optimize the utilization efficiency of magnetic field energy. The motor shaft 7 passes through the center of the rotor 1 and the sun gear 93, and there is a gap between the motor shaft 7 and the sun gear 93. The gap between the motor shaft 7 and the sun gear 93 avoids mechanical friction and improves the rotational flexibility of the sun gear 93.

[0037] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, the stator 3 is provided with a Hall slot 32 and a stator slot 31 for winding. The stator 3 is connected to a Hall switch 5 through the Hall slot 32 to improve the stability of the circuit board 4 connection.

[0038] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, the Hall slot 32 is located on the side of the stator 3, and the Hall switch 5 is connected to the circuit board 4 through solder leads. The circuit board 4 is installed in the inner groove of the stator 3. The Hall slot 32 is located on the side of the stator 3 and equipped with the Hall switch 5. The Hall switch 5 is connected to the circuit board 4 through solder leads. The circuit board 4 is installed in the inner groove of the stator 3. An insulating sheet of the same size is placed under the circuit board 4, and the insulating sheet and the circuit board 4 are connected and fixed to the stator 3 with screws. The Hall leads are straightened and laid flat on the copper wires of the stator 3, which not only reduces the lead resistance and reduces signal interference, but also improves the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

[0039] Specifically, the circuit board 4 is placed in the groove inside the stator 3 and fixed with an insulating sheet, which saves space, makes the stator 3 more compact, and prevents the circuit board 4 from contacting the metal part of the stator 3 and causing a short circuit. At the same time, the insulating sheet can also play a certain role in heat dissipation.

[0040] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, the circuit board 4 adopts a fan ring structure that is adapted to the inner groove of the stator 3, which facilitates high matching with the shape of the inner groove of the stator 3, saves space, and optimizes the compact layout of the stator 3.

[0041] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, the motor shaft 7 is provided with a wire outlet hole 71 for installing wiring on the side near the Hall slot 32. The wire outlet end of the motor wire 8 adopts an integrated connector 81. When the motor connection section is installed on the electric bicycle, there is no need to install wiring first, and the motor installation is convenient.

[0042] Regarding the technical solution of this embodiment, the one-way clutch 92 adopts a wedge-type one-way clutch 92. The one-way clutch 92 includes an outer race and an inner race disposed in the outer race. The outer race and the inner race are coaxially arranged and rotate relative to each other. A wedge, an annular retainer for holding the wedge, and a spring are disposed between the outer race and the inner race. The inner race of the one-way clutch 92 is fixedly installed to the motor shaft 7 through a flat key and a keyway. The planetary gears are installed on the outer race of the one-way clutch 92 through the gear shaft. In this way, when the rotor 1 drives the sun gear 93 to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch 92 is in a locked state. At this time, the inner and outer races of the one-way clutch 92 are relatively fixed and form a whole. Due to the locking of the one-way clutch 92, the planetary gear shafts of several planetary gears are fixed, and the planetary gears only rotate on their own axis and cannot revolve around the sun gear. At this time, the energy flow is transmitted from the sun gear 93 through the planetary gears to the gear ring 94. At the same time, since the gear ring 94 is integrated with the outer casing, the energy is transmitted to the motor casing 6 for power output.

[0043] When rotor 1 rotates counterclockwise, one-way clutch 92 is in the unlocked state. At this time, the inner and outer rings of one-way clutch 92 can rotate relative to each other. Due to the relative rotation, the planetary gear shaft can drive the planetary gears to revolve. At this time, an extra degree of freedom is released, which prevents the energy flow from the sun gear 93 through the planetary gears to the ring gear 94. As a result, the ring gear 94 and the housing cannot output power. The purpose of this function is to prevent the motor housing 6 from reversing when rotor 1 rotates in the opposite direction, so that the vehicle will not be in danger of running in reverse. Secondly, since electric bicycles have pedals, there will be times when the rider pedals. At this time, due to the presence of one-way clutch 92, the speed output by the housing is always less than the speed of the rider pedaling, preventing accidents.

[0044] The usage process and working principle of this invention:

[0045] When the rotor 1 drives the sun gear 93 to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch 92 is locked. At this time, the inner and outer rings of the one-way clutch 92 are relatively fixed and form a whole. Due to the locking of the one-way clutch 92, the planet gear shafts of several planet gears are fixed, and the planet gears only rotate on their own axis and cannot revolve around the sun gear. At this time, the energy flow is transmitted from the sun gear 93 through the planet gears to the gear ring 94. At the same time, since the gear ring 94 is integrated with the outer casing, the energy is transmitted to the motor housing 6 for power output.

[0046] When rotor 1 rotates counterclockwise, one-way clutch 92 is in the unlocked state. At this time, the inner and outer rings of one-way clutch 92 can rotate relative to each other. Due to the relative rotation, the planetary gear shaft can drive the planetary gears to revolve. At this time, an extra degree of freedom is released, which prevents the energy flow from the sun gear 93 through the planetary gears to the ring gear 94. As a result, the ring gear 94 and the outer casing cannot output power. The purpose of this function is that when rotor 1 rotates in the opposite direction, it cannot drive the motor casing 6 to rotate in the opposite direction, so there is no danger of the vehicle running in the opposite direction. Secondly, since electric bicycles have pedals, there will be times when the rider pedals. At this time, due to the existence of one-way clutch 92, the speed output by the casing is always less than the speed of the rider pedaling, preventing accidents.

[0047] The motor rotor 1 is directly connected to the sun gear 93. The rotation of the rotor 1 transmits high-speed rotation to the sun gear 93. The one-way clutch 92 acts as a planet carrier. The sun gear 93 drives the planet gears to rotate. The planet gears mesh with the fixed ring gear 94, forcing the one-way clutch 92 to output greater torque at a lower speed (related to the gear reduction ratio design).

[0048] When climbing a hill, the one-way clutch 92 automatically locks its inner race, forcing the planetary gears into a fixed reduction ratio state, which can achieve passive torque amplification.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] This embodiment provides a hub system, including a hub motor with an integrated planetary gear transmission mechanism as described in Embodiment 1.

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] This embodiment provides an electric off-road bicycle, including the hub system described in Embodiment 2.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0054] For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When an element is referred to as being "assembled on," "mounted on," "fixed to," or "set on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0056] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. An integrated planetary gear variable mechanism hub motor applied to an electric power-assisted bicycle, characterized in that, Including motor shell (6), the rotor (1) is installed inside the motor shell (6), the inner side wall of the rotor (1) is installed with magnetic steel (2) in equidistantly in circumference; The center position of the rotor (1) is coaxially fixedly installed with the sun gear (93), the outer ring of the sun gear (93) is meshingly connected with a plurality of planetary gears in equidistantly in circumference, the outer side of the planetary gear is meshingly connected with the ring gear (94), the outer side wall of the ring gear (94) is interference fit between the motor shell (6), and the ring gear (94) is fixedly installed with the one-way clutch (92) on one side, and a plurality of planetary gears are installed on the one-way clutch (92) through the wheel shaft. When the rotor (1) drives the sun gear (93) to rotate clockwise, the one-way clutch (92) is in the locked state, and due to the locking of the one-way clutch (92), the wheel shaft of the plurality of planetary gears cannot revolve, and the sun gear (93) will only drive the planetary gear to rotate, and the planetary gear will drive the ring gear (94) to rotate, thereby driving the motor shell (6) and the rotor (1) to rotate synchronously, and power output is realized. When the rotor (1) drives the sun gear (93) to rotate counterclockwise, the one-way clutch (92) is in the unlocked state, at this time, the ring gear (94) and the one-way clutch (92) are relatively rotated, the sun gear (93) drives the planetary gear to revolve counterclockwise and rotate, at this time, the rotor (1) rotates, the motor shell (6) and the ring gear (94) stop rotating, and the power output is interrupted.

2. The integrated planetary gear variable mechanism's hub motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also including the stator (3), the stator (3) is coaxially arranged with the rotor (1) and relatively rotates, the center position of the stator (3) is fixedly installed with the motor shaft (7), the motor shaft (7) penetrates the center of the rotor (1) and the sun gear (93), and there is a gap between the motor shaft (7) and the sun gear (93).

3. The integrated planetary gear variator hub motor of claim 2, wherein: The stator (3) is provided with a Hall slot (32) and a stator slot (31) for winding, and the stator (3) is inserted with a Hall switch (5) through the Hall slot (32).

4. The integrated planetary gear variator hub motor of claim 3, wherein: The Hall slot (32) is arranged on the side of the stator (3), and the Hall switch (5) is connected with a circuit board (4) through a soldered lead, and the circuit board (4) is installed in the recess on the inner side of the stator (3).

5. The integrated planetary gear variator hub motor of claim 4, wherein: The circuit board (4) is connected and fixed with the stator (3) by screwing the same size insulating sheet under the circuit board (4), and the Hall lead is straightened and laid flat on the copper wire of the stator (3).

6. The integrated planetary gear variator hub motor of claim 5, wherein: The circuit board (4) adopts a fan ring structure suitable for the recess on the inner side of the stator (3).

7. The integrated planetary gear variator hub motor of claim 6, wherein: The motor shaft (7) is provided with a wire outlet hole (71) for installing a wire on the side close to the Hall slot (32).

8. The integrated planetary gear variator hub motor of claim 7, wherein: The one-way clutch (92) comprises an outer race and an inner race arranged in the outer race, the outer race and the inner race are coaxially arranged and relatively rotate, a wedge, an annular retainer for retaining the wedge and a spring member are arranged between the outer race and the inner race, and the inner race of the one-way clutch (92) is fixedly installed with the motor shaft (7) through a flat key and a key groove.

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