Balance shaft machining device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of balance shaft machining, and provides a balance shaft machining device and method.The balance shaft machining device comprises a frame provided with a rotary main shaft and a centering clamp, and the centering clamp can clamp a shaft head of a balance shaft in a centering mode and drive the balance shaft to rotate integrally; the supporting frame is arranged on one side of the frame body, a swing bracket is rotationally arranged on the supporting frame, and the swing bracket can swing to move between a lifting position and a working position; the balance frame is provided with a main body and a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly can be clamped on the outer wall of a shaft barrel of the balance shaft so that the balance frame can rotate along with the balance shaft, and the balance frame and a shaft frame on the balance shaft are located on the two sides of the shaft barrel respectively so that the mass center of the balance shaft and the whole mass center of the balance frame can be located on the axis of the balance shaft; rapid installation of the balance frame is achieved through the swing bracket, adjustment of the overall mass center of the balance shaft is achieved through the balance frame, and the technical problem that in the prior art, a workpiece rotary machine tool cannot be provided with a shaft frame for machining is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of balance shaft processing, in particular to a balance shaft processing device and a processing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The balance shaft is a key mechanical component in an internal combustion engine for offsetting reciprocating inertial force and rotating inertial force, reducing engine body vibration, and improving running smoothness. It is mainly composed of a shaft head, a shaft tube and a shaft stand. The core principle is that the shaft stand acts as an eccentric weight to make the shaft tube rotate synchronously with the crankshaft, generating an inertial force equal in size and opposite in direction to the original engine vibration, thereby achieving "force balance".

[0003] Due to the presence of the shaft stand on the balance shaft, the center of mass of the balance shaft as a whole is not on the axis of the shaft tube. This results in the balance shaft being unable to be directly placed on a workpiece rotating rotary processing machine tool for processing, otherwise the eccentricity of the balance shaft can easily cause damage to the main shaft of the processing machine tool and damage to the clamp. In addition, the low surface processing quality or tool damage caused by eccentric vibration.

[0004] In the prior art, the shaft head, the shaft tube and the shaft stand are processed separately. Specifically, the shaft head is first roughly processed, then the assembly surface of the shaft head and the shaft tube is precisely processed, and then the shaft tube is assembled. The shaft head and the shaft tube are welded together and then the shaft head is precisely processed by a machine tool to complete the precise processing of the shaft head. Finally, the shaft stand is welded to the shaft tube to complete the processing of the entire balance shaft. However, this method involves two welding deformations, which can cause the shaft head to deviate in size twice. The cumulative deviation in size of the shaft head twice results in a final pass rate of less than 10% for the balance stand. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, embodiments of the present application provide a balance shaft processing device and a processing method, which solve the technical problem that the workpiece rotary machine tool cannot be processed with the shaft stand in the prior art.

[0006] A balance shaft processing device, comprising: a frame body provided with a rotary main shaft and a centering clamp, the centering clamp being capable of centering and clamping a shaft head of a balance shaft and driving the balance shaft as a whole to rotate; a support frame provided on one side of the frame body, the support frame being provided with a swing seat swingably arranged thereon; a balance stand comprising a main body and a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly being used to clamp the outer periphery of a shaft cylinder of the balance shaft, so that the balance stand can rotate with the balance shaft, and the balance stand and the shaft stand on the balance shaft are respectively located on both sides of the shaft cylinder; The swing supporting base is used for supporting the balance frame, and when the clamping assembly clamps the balance shaft, the swing supporting base can swing away from the balance frame, so that the balance frame can rotate with the balance shaft.

[0007] As a further technical scheme, a weight adjusting box is arranged on the main body, and a plurality of mass adjusting blocks are clamped in the weight adjusting box, so as to match the mass of the balance frame and the shaft frame.

[0008] As a further technical scheme, the moving assembly for driving the supporting frame to move includes: The sliding frame is slidingly arranged on one side of the frame body, and the sliding direction of the sliding frame is parallel to the axis direction of the rotary main shaft. The lifting frame is liftingly arranged on the sliding frame, and the supporting frame is arranged on the lifting frame.

[0009] As a further technical scheme, the clamping assembly includes: The rotating clamping rods are arranged on the main body, and the two rotating clamping rods can rotate towards each other to clamp the upper and lower sides of the shaft cylinder. The auxiliary clamping rod is rotationally arranged at one end of the rotating clamping rod away from the rotation axis, and the auxiliary clamping rod can rotate and extend out of the rotating clamping rod to clamp the side of the shaft cylinder. As a further technical scheme, the rotating clamping rod is provided with a sliding groove at one end away from the rotation axis, and the auxiliary clamping rod can slide into the sliding groove. The extension frame is arranged at one end of the rotating clamping rod away from the axis and extends along the length direction of the rotating clamping rod, and one end of the extension frame away from the rotating clamping rod is provided with a limiting shaft, and the limiting shaft is located in the straight slot through hole, so that the auxiliary clamping rod can rotate around the limiting shaft after sliding out of the sliding groove. The locking piece is slidingly arranged on the limiting shaft, and the locking piece can slide close to the auxiliary clamping rod and can abut against the side wall of the auxiliary clamping rod to lock the rotation of the auxiliary clamping rod.

[0010] As a further technical scheme, the extension frame is composed of an elastic piece, the extension frame can elastically close to the auxiliary clamping rod, the limiting shaft is a screw rod, the limiting shaft penetrates through the extension frame along the deformation direction of the extension frame, and the two ends of the limiting shaft penetrating out of the extension frame are respectively threadedly connected with two locking nuts, and the two locking nuts can rotate to extrude the elastic deformation of the extension frame and push the locking piece close to the auxiliary clamping rod. The auxiliary clamping rod has a plurality of locking holes, the locking piece has a plurality of protrusions matched with the locking holes, and the protrusions can enter the locking holes to limit the rotation of the auxiliary clamping rod after the locking piece is slid close to the auxiliary clamping rod.

[0011] As a further technical solution, a driving assembly for driving the rotation of the rotation clamping rod is further included, and the driving assembly includes: A wedge-shaped push block is slidably arranged on the main body and used for approaching or moving away from the shaft cylinder, and the wedge-shaped push block has an inclined pushing surface for pushing the rotation clamping rod to rotate; A pushing rod is arranged on the wedge-shaped push block and extends between the two rotation clamping rods, and the pushing rod can be driven by the wedge-shaped push block to approach the shaft cylinder and abut against the outer wall of the shaft cylinder.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the wedge-shaped push block has a driving through hole, the inner wall of the driving through hole has a spiral slide, and the driving assembly further includes: A rotation rod is rotationally arranged on the main body and located in the driving through hole, and the outer wall of the rotation rod has a pushing column matched with the spiral slide, the pushing column is located in the spiral slide, so that the rotation of the rotation rod can drive the wedge-shaped push block to slide; A rotation driving device is slidably arranged on the support frame, and the rotation driving device can slide close to one end of the rotation rod and drive the rotation rod to rotate; A jacking bolt is threadedly connected to the main body, and the jacking bolt can approach the rotation rod radially and tightly abut against the rotation rod.

[0013] A balanced shaft processing method for processing a balanced shaft by using the balanced shaft processing device, including: S10, rough machining of the shaft head, the shaft head is welded and connected after being assembled with the shaft cylinder, and then the shaft support is welded and assembled to the shaft cylinder to obtain a balanced shaft blank; S20, using the processing device to finish machining the outer circle of the shaft head.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the S20 includes: S21, placing the balanced support to the swing holder; S22, assembling the balanced shaft blank to the centering clamp, adjusting the mass of the balanced support according to the mass of the shaft support and moving the balanced support to a position symmetrical to the shaft support; S23, clamping the shaft cylinder by using the clamping assembly, and then making the swing holder rotate away from the balanced support; S24, starting the rotary main shaft to finish machining the shaft head.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: In the present application, the center of mass of the balance shaft and the balance frame as a whole is located on the axis of the balance shaft by fixing the balance frame with a counterweight on one side of the balance shaft, effectively solving the technical problem that the workpiece rotary machine tool cannot process with the shaft frame in the prior art. Avoid the damage of the main shaft of the machining machine tool and the damage of the clamp due to the eccentricity of the balance shaft, and also reduce the problem of low surface machining quality or tool damage caused by eccentric vibration, and ensure the normal operation and processing quality of the machining equipment.

[0016] Compared with the way of hoisting and installing the balance frame in the prior art, the device realizes the rapid installation of the balance frame through the swing bracket. In the hoisting and installation mode, the position and posture of the balance frame need to be controlled during the hoisting process by using hoisting equipment such as a crane, and the operation is complex and time-consuming, and it may take 5-10 minutes or even longer each time. The device only needs to place the balance frame on the lifting plane of the swing bracket, and the installation of the balance frame can be completed through the simple swing of the swing bracket. The whole process only takes 1-2 minutes, which improves the installation efficiency of the balance frame, reduces the auxiliary processing time, and further improves the overall processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some example embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the content of the example embodiments of the present application and these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the balance shaft; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure in the embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the embodiment; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the balance frame; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the balance frame from another angle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the direction of C-C in the embodiment; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at D; Figure 10 Structure diagram of auxiliary clamping rod; Figure 11 Structure diagram of auxiliary clamping rod; Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at E; Figure 12 Structure diagram of balanced frame clamping state; Figure 13 Structure diagram of balanced frame clamping state and shaft cylinder; In the figure: 01, balance shaft, 011, shaft head, 012, shaft cylinder, 013, shaft frame, 100, frame body, 110, rotating main shaft, 120, centering clamp, 200, support frame, 210, swing holder, 300, balanced frame, 310, main body, 320, clamping assembly, 321, rotating clamping rod, 3211, sliding groove, 322, auxiliary clamping rod, 3221, straight slot through hole, 3222, lock hole, 323, extension frame, 324, locking piece, 3241, protruding block, 325, limiting shaft, 400, weight adjusting box, 500, moving assembly, 510, sliding frame, 520, lifting frame, 610, wedge-shaped push block, 611, inclined pushing surface, 612, driving through hole, 613, spiral slide, 620, pushing rod, 630, rotating rod, 631, pushing column, 640, rotating driving device, 650, jacking bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and are not a limitation on the application.

[0020] In order to make the drawing simple, only the parts related to the application are shown in each drawing, which does not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawing simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown, or only one of them is marked. In this text, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0021] In this document, unless otherwise indicated and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0023] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right" and other orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0024] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] As Figures 1-13 As shown in the figure, it shows a balancing shaft processing device in an embodiment of the present application, which comprises a frame body 100, a support frame 200 and a balancing frame 300, the frame body 100 is provided with a rotary main shaft 110 and a centering clamp 120, the centering clamp 120 can center and clamp the shaft type parts and drive the shaft type parts to rotate for processing. The frame body 100, the rotary main shaft 110 and the centering clamp 120 as a whole can be a workpiece rotary machine tool, such as a lathe, a grinding machine, etc.

[0026] Support frame 200 is located on one side of frame 100 and is fixed to the ground or other foundation structure by bolts or welding, etc. to provide stable support for swing bracket 210. Swing bracket 210 is arranged on support frame 200 by a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is arranged horizontally to enable swing bracket 210 to swing in a vertical plane. Swing bracket 210 is shaped like a cantilever, one end of which is connected to the rotating shaft and the other end is a free end, and a lifting plane is arranged on the free end. When swing bracket 210 swings to the lifting position, the lifting plane is horizontal and can lift balance frame 300; when it swings to the working position, swing bracket 210 is away from balance frame 300 and does not hinder balance frame 300 from rotating with balance shaft 01. The rotating bracket is driven by independent rotating drive device 640, which can be a servo motor, and swing bracket 210 is driven to rotate by gear engagement, chain transmission or synchronous belt transmission.

[0027] The main body 310 of balance frame 300 is a frame structure with a certain mass, and the clamping assembly 320 is arranged on the main body 310. The clamping assembly 320 can be in various forms, such as clamping blocks, clamping jaws, etc., which are not limited here. When the clamping assembly 320 clamps the outer wall of the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01, the balance frame 300 can rotate with the balance shaft 01. The balance frame 300 is installed on one side of the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01, and the shaft bracket 013 is located on the other side of the shaft cylinder 012. The mass and position of the balance frame 300 are calculated by counterweight calculation method, so that the center of mass of the balance shaft 01 and the balance frame 300 as a whole can be located on the axis of the balance shaft 01.

[0028] First, the balance shaft 01 is placed near the frame 100, and the centering clamp 120 is used to center and clamp the shaft head 011 of the balance shaft 01. At this time, the balance frame 300 is placed on the swing bracket 210 of the support frame 200, and the swing bracket 210 is in the lifting position and the lifting plane is lifting the balance frame 300. Then, the clamping assembly 320 clamps the outer wall of the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01, and the swing bracket 210 swings away from the balance frame 300, so that the balance frame 300 stays on one side of the shaft cylinder 012 by the clamping force of the clamping assembly 320. Then, the swing bracket 210 continues to rotate away from the balance frame 300 to avoid the rotating path of the balance frame 300, so that the balance frame 300 can rotate with the balance shaft 01. When the balance shaft 01 is processed, the operator can control the rotating speed of the rotary main shaft 110 to 10 r / min, and then control the rotating bracket to rotate to the lifting position. When the balance frame 300 rotates to a position that can be lifted by the rotating bracket, the clamping assembly 320 releases the balance shaft 01, so that the balance shaft 01 can be removed from the centering clamp 120, facilitating the replacement of another balance shaft 01 for processing.

[0029] The counterweight calculated balance frame 300 is fixed on one side of the balance shaft 01 through the clamping assembly 320, so that the center of mass of the balance shaft 01 and the balance frame 300 as a whole is located on the axis of the balance shaft 01, effectively solving the technical problem that the existing workpiece rotating machine tool cannot process with the shaft frame 013. Avoid the damage of the main shaft of the machining machine tool and the damage of the clamp due to the eccentricity of the balance shaft 01, and also reduce the problem of low surface machining quality or tool damage caused by eccentric vibration, and ensure the normal operation and machining quality of the machining equipment.

[0030] Compared with the existing technology of hoisting and installing the balance frame 300, the device realizes the rapid installation of the balance frame 300 through the swing bracket 210. In the hoisting and installing mode, it is necessary to use a lifting device such as a crane, and the position and posture of the balance frame 300 need to be controlled during the lifting process. The operation is complex and time-consuming, and each installation may take 5-10 minutes or even longer. However, the device only needs to place the balance frame 300 on the lifting plane of the swing bracket 210, and the installation of the balance frame 300 can be completed through the simple swing of the swing bracket 210. The whole process only takes 1-2 minutes, which improves the installation efficiency of the balance frame 300, reduces the auxiliary processing time, and further improves the overall processing efficiency.

[0031] Further, in order to adapt to the processing needs of shaft frames 013 of different masses, the main body 310 is also welded or bolted with a weight adjusting box 400. The weight adjusting box 400 is usually in the shape of a cuboid or a square, and a plurality of clamping grooves are arranged inside the weight adjusting box 400. The clamping grooves are uniformly distributed along the length or width direction of the weight adjusting box 400, and the shape of the clamping grooves is rectangular. The width and depth of the clamping grooves are adapted to the size of the mass adjusting block to ensure that the mass adjusting block can be tightly clamped in the clamping groove. Optionally, the clamping grooves can be connected with the mass adjusting block through interference fit, or can be clamped with flexible rubber blocks, and a baffle is screwed at the inlet of the clamping groove to prevent the mass adjusting block from flying out of the clamping groove during the rotation of the main body 310.

[0032] The mass adjusting block is made according to the size of the clamping groove and is usually in the shape of a rectangular block. The material is selected to be a metal with high and uniform density, such as cast iron or lead block, to provide effective mass adjustment. The mass adjusting block can be provided in multiple different models according to needs.

[0033] By arranging the weight adjusting box 400 and the mass adjusting block on the main body 310 of the balance frame 300, the mass of the balance frame 300 can be quickly and flexibly adjusted to accurately match the shaft frame 013 of different mass. In actual production, the mass of the adjustment box only needs to be adjusted once for the processing of the same batch of balance shafts 01.

[0034] Further, in order to adapt to different sizes of the balancing shaft 01 leading to different positions of the shaft stand 013 on the shaft cylinder 012, a moving assembly is further included, which can drive the support frame 200 to move. The moving assembly includes a sliding frame 510 and a lifting frame 520. The sliding frame 510 is in a vertical long strip frame structure, and the sliding direction is parallel to the axis direction of the rotary main shaft 110. The sliding frame 510 is located on one side of the frame body 100, and a linear guide rail and a sliding block assembly are installed on the ground on the side of the frame body 100. The linear guide rail is fixed on the ground by bolts, and the sliding block is installed at the bottom of the sliding frame 510 and cooperates with the linear guide rail, so that the sliding frame 510 can slide along the axis direction of the rotary main shaft 110.

[0035] In order to drive the sliding frame 510 to slide, an electric screw rod transmission mechanism can be used. One end of the electric screw rod is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a shaft coupling, and the other end is connected to the sliding frame 510 through a nut. When the motor is started, the screw rod rotates, driving the nut and the sliding frame 510 connected thereto to slide along the linear guide rail.

[0036] The lifting frame 520 is installed on the sliding frame 510, which can adopt a scissor lifting structure or a screw rod nut lifting structure. Taking the screw rod nut lifting structure as an example, screw rods are installed on both sides of the sliding frame 510, and the upper and lower ends of the screw rods are fixed on the sliding frame 510 through bearings. The lifting frame 520 is provided with nut seats on both sides, which are threadedly connected with the screw rods. When the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the nut seat drives the lifting frame 520 to move up and down along the axis direction of the screw rod, thereby realizing the lifting function.

[0037] The support frame 200 is fixed on the lifting frame 520 by bolt connection or welding to ensure firm connection. In this way, when the sliding frame 510 slides along the axis direction of the rotary main shaft 110 and the lifting frame 520 moves up and down, the support frame 200 can move accordingly, thereby driving the swing holder 210 and the balancing frame 300 on it to adjust the position, so as to adapt to the processing requirements of balancing shafts 01 of different sizes.

[0038] Further, in order to improve the stability of the clamping assembly 320 during the rotation of the balance shaft 01, the clamping assembly 320 includes a rotating clamp rod 321 and an auxiliary clamp rod 322. The rotating clamp rod 321 is rotatably arranged on the main body 310 of the balance frame 300 through a bearing, and two rotating clamp rods 321 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01, and the rotating axis of the rotating clamp rod 321 is parallel to the rotating axis of the rotary main shaft 110, so as to ensure that the force direction is the same as the radial direction of the balance shaft 01 when clamping the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01, and it is more conducive to clamping the balance shaft 01 by the rotating clamp rod 321. The main body 310 of the rotating clamp rod 321 is in a rod structure, and the length of the rotating clamp rod 321 should be greater than the vertical distance from the rotating axis of the rotating clamp rod 321 to the axis of the rotary main shaft 110. The auxiliary clamp rod 322 is rotatably arranged on the end of the rotating clamp rod 321 away from the rotating axis through a pin shaft, and the rotating axis of the auxiliary clamp rod 322 is parallel to the rotating axis of the rotating clamp rod 321. The auxiliary clamp rod 322 is in a rod shape, and the length of the auxiliary clamp rod 322 is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the length of the rotating clamp rod 321. When the rotating clamp rod 321 rotates to be close to the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01 and is clamped, the operator can manually drive the auxiliary clamp rod 322 to rotate around the pin shaft, so that the auxiliary clamp rod 322 rotates and presses another point on the shaft cylinder 012, further enhancing the stability of clamping.

[0039] The rotating clamp rod 321 and the auxiliary clamp rod 322 clamp the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01 from multiple points, which can better resist various forces generated during the rotation of the balance shaft 01 compared to single clamping, thereby enhancing the stability of the clamping assembly 320 during the rotation of the balance shaft 01, effectively preventing the balance frame 300 from loosening or falling off during machining, and improving the safety and reliability of machining.

[0040] Further, in order to avoid the auxiliary clamp rod 322 at the front end of the rotating clamp rod 321 affecting the disassembly of the balance shaft 01 on the centering clamp 120 when the rotating clamp rod 321 rotates to the limit position away from the balance shaft 01 due to the long extension distance, a sliding groove 3211 is processed on the end of the rotating clamp rod 321 away from the rotating axis along the length direction thereof. The sliding groove 3211 is in a rectangular shape, and the width and depth thereof are designed according to the size of the auxiliary clamp rod 322, so as to ensure that the auxiliary clamp rod 322 can smoothly slide in the sliding groove 3211.

[0041] A straight slot through hole 3221 is processed on the auxiliary clamp rod 322, and the length direction of the straight slot through hole 3221 is consistent with the length direction of the auxiliary clamp rod 322. The width of the straight slot through hole 3221 is slightly greater than the diameter of the limiting shaft 325, so as to form a gap fit, so that the limiting shaft 325 can freely slide in the straight slot through hole 3221, and at the same time, the stability of the auxiliary clamp rod 322 rotating around the limiting shaft 325 can be ensured.

[0042] The extension frame 323 is composed of two elongated plate structures, and the auxiliary clamping rod 322 is located between the two elongated plate structures. The extension frame 323 is fixed at the end of the rotating clamping rod 321 away from the rotation axis and extends outward along the length direction of the rotating clamping rod 321. The end of the extension frame 323 away from the rotating clamping rod 321 is provided with a limiting shaft 325, and the diameter of the limiting shaft 325 is determined according to the size of the straight slot through hole 3221, so as to ensure that the limiting shaft 325 does not affect the movement of the auxiliary clamping rod 322 and can play a role in limiting rotation in the straight slot through hole 3221.

[0043] Further, the extension frame 323 is composed of two elastic sheets, and the elastic sheets are usually made of spring steel material. The shape of the elastic sheet is long strip shape, one end of the elastic sheet is fixed at the end of the rotating clamping rod 321 away from the axis, and the fixed mode can be welding or bolt connection to ensure firm connection. The elastic sheet can elastically deform under stress, and move close to or away from the auxiliary clamping rod 322. The limiting shaft 325 is a screw rod, which penetrates the elastic sheet along the deformation direction of the elastic sheet. The two ends of the screw rod penetrating out of the elastic sheet are respectively screwed with two locking nuts, and the elastic sheet can be adjusted by rotating the locking nut to adjust the extrusion force on the elastic sheet, so as to control the elastic deformation degree of the elastic sheet.

[0044] The locking sheet 324 is a rectangular sheet or a circular sheet structure, and a plurality of protrusions 3241 are arranged on the locking sheet 324. The shape of the protrusion 3241 is cylindrical or prismatic, and the diameter or side length thereof is determined according to the size of the locking hole 3222 on the auxiliary clamping rod 322. The locking sheet 324 is sleeved on the limiting shaft 325 and can slide along the limiting shaft 325. The locking sheet 324 can be connected to the end of the elastic sheet close to each other by a connecting rod or fixed on the elastic sheet, so that the locking sheet 324 can be driven by the elastic sheet to move close to or away from the auxiliary clamping rod 322. Under the elastic force of the elastic sheet, the locking sheet 324 can be pushed close to the auxiliary clamping rod 322.

[0045] The auxiliary clamping rod 322 is provided with a plurality of locking holes 3222 matched with the protrusions 3241 of the locking pieces 324. The locking holes 3222 are cylindrical or prismatic holes consistent with the shape of the protrusions 3241. The protrusions 3241 can completely enter the locking holes 3222, effectively limiting the rotation of the auxiliary clamping rod 322. When the balance shaft 01 is installed and the auxiliary clamping rod 322 needs to be fixed to enhance the clamping stability, the auxiliary clamping rod 322 is first slid out of the sliding groove 3211 and rotated to the position of pressing the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01. Then, the locking nuts at both ends of the limiting shaft 325 are rotated to make the two locking nuts approach each other, extruding the extension frame 323 (elastic piece). The elastic piece is elastically deformed under the extrusion of the locking nut, and bends towards the auxiliary clamping rod 322, thereby pushing the locking piece 324 to slide along the limiting shaft 325 and approach the auxiliary clamping rod 322. When the locking piece 324 approaches the auxiliary clamping rod 322, the protrusions 3241 on the locking piece 324 are aligned with and enter the locking holes 3222 on the auxiliary clamping rod 322, limiting the rotation of the auxiliary clamping rod 322 and ensuring that the auxiliary clamping rod 322 always remains in the state of pressing the shaft cylinder 012 during the rotation of the balance shaft 01, thereby improving the stability of the clamping assembly 320.

[0046] When the balance shaft 01 needs to be disassembled, the locking nuts at both ends of the limiting shaft 325 are reversely rotated to move away from each other, the extension frame 323 (elastic piece) restores part of the elastic deformation, the locking piece 324 moves away from the auxiliary clamping rod 322 under the action of the elastic force, the protrusions 3241 are out of the locking holes 3222, and the rotation of the auxiliary clamping rod 322 is released. At this time, the auxiliary clamping rod 322 can be slid into the sliding groove 3211 to avoid affecting the disassembly of the balance shaft 01 on the centering clamp 120.

[0047] Through the cooperation of the protrusions 3241 on the locking piece 324 and the locking holes 3222 of the auxiliary clamping rod 322, the rotation of the auxiliary clamping rod 322 can be accurately limited. Compared with simply relying on friction force locking, this mode is more reliable, further improves the stability of the clamping assembly 320 during the rotation of the balance shaft 01, ensures the smooth progress of the machining process, and improves the machining precision.

[0048] Further, to increase the clamping force of the rotating clamping rod 321 and the auxiliary clamping rod 322, a driving assembly for driving the rotating clamping rod 321 to rotate is further included. The driving assembly includes a wedge-shaped push block 610 and a pushing rod 620, and a sliding groove 3211 or a guide rail matched with the wedge-shaped push block 610 is processed on the main body 310 of the balance frame 300, so that the wedge-shaped push block 610 can slide in a specific direction on the main body 310. The two side surfaces of the wedge-shaped push block 610 are inclined pushing surfaces 611, and the two inclined pushing surfaces 611 correspond to the two rotating clamping rods 321 respectively. The inclined pushing surfaces 611 can contact and push the rotating clamping rod 321 to rotate around the rotation axis of the rotating clamping rod 321 during the sliding process of the wedge-shaped push block 610.

[0049] The push rod 620 is fixed to the front end of the wedge-shaped push block 610 by welding, screwing or other fastening methods. The end of the push rod 620 close to the outer wall of the shaft cylinder 012 can be designed as an arc or a spherical surface to better fit the outer wall of the shaft cylinder 012, increase the contact area and uniformly transmit the pushing force.

[0050] The slope of the inclined pushing surface 611 can be determined by the predicted movement of the wedge-shaped push block 610, so that the front end of the push rod 620 and the side surface of the rotating clamp rod 321 can simultaneously contact the axis of the rotary main shaft 110, thereby ensuring that the push rod 620 and the rotating clamp rod 321 can simultaneously contact the outer wall of the shaft cylinder 012 of the balance shaft 01 during the movement of the wedge-shaped push block 610 when machining balance shafts 01 of different diameters.

[0051] The movement of the wedge-shaped push block 610 can synchronously drive the push rod 620 and the two rotating clamp rods 321 to move together. By selecting the slope of the inclined pushing surface 611, the rotating clamp rod 321 and the push rod 620 can be simultaneously contacted with the outer wall of the shaft cylinder 012 of different diameters to achieve clamping. The push rod 620, the two rotating clamp rods 321 and the two auxiliary clamp rods 322 form a five-point clamping structure, and the five clamping points form an inscribed pentagon in the axial cross section of the balance shaft 01, thereby achieving multi-directional clamping and avoiding falling caused by single-directional clamping.

[0052] To ensure the reset of the rotating clamp rod 321, a reset torsional spring can be optionally added between the rotating shaft of the rotating clamp rod 321 and the main body 310, or the two ends of the rotating clamp rod 321 can be located on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the end not participating in the clamping action is slidingly connected to the inclined pushing surface 611.

[0053] Further, to avoid directly installing a driving device for driving the rotating clamp rod 321 to rotate on the main body 310, thereby causing the driving device to be affected by centrifugal force and reducing the service life, the wedge-shaped push block 610 has a driving through hole 612 penetrating the body thereof, and the inner wall of the driving through hole 612 is processed with a spiral slide 613. The pitch of the spiral slide 613 is generally between 10-30 mm, and the spiral rise angle is generally within the range of 15°-45°, so that the rotation can be effectively converted into the linear sliding of the wedge-shaped push block 610 when the rotating rod 630 rotates.

[0054] The driving assembly further includes a rotating rod 630, a rotating driving device 640 and a jacking bolt 650. The rotating rod 630 is rotatably arranged on the main body 310 of the balance frame 300 through a bearing, and its position corresponds to the driving through hole 612 of the wedge-shaped push block 610 and is located in the driving through hole 612. The spiral slide 613 can be provided in a plurality of forms, and the plurality of bolt slides are arranged in an array along the inner wall circumference of the driving through hole 612 without intersecting each other.

[0055] The outer wall of the rotating rod 630 is fixed with a push column 631 matched with the spiral slide 613, and the push column 631 can be connected with the rotating rod 630 by welding or one-piece forming. The number of the push column 631 is determined according to the number of the spiral slide 613, and is generally 2-4, which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating rod 630. The shape of the push column 631 is cylindrical, and the diameter is matched with the width of the spiral slide 613.

[0056] The rotating drive device 640 is slidably arranged on the support frame 200 through a linear guide rail and a sliding block assembly. The linear guide rail is installed on the support frame 200 in the direction close to or away from the rotating rod 630, so as to ensure that the rotating drive device 640 can stably close to or away from the rotating rod 630. When the rotating drive device 640 slides to close to one end of the rotating rod 630, the driving gear is engaged with the teeth or grooves at the end of the rotating rod 630. When the motor is started, the gear box is rotated, and then the rotating rod 630 is driven to rotate. When the rotating clamp rod 321 reaches the appropriate clamping degree, the rotating drive device 640 slides away from the rotating rod 630, so as to avoid interference between the rotating rod 630 and the rotating drive device 640 during the rotation of the rotating rod 630 following the balance shaft 01.

[0057] The balance frame 300 main body 310 is machined with a threaded hole matched with the jacking bolt 650, and the jacking bolt 650 is screwed into the threaded hole from the radial direction of the rotating rod 630. The end of the jacking bolt 650 can be a flat surface or a spherical surface. The flat end can better contact the surface of the rotating rod 630 and transmit the jacking force. When the rotating rod 630 is rotated to the appropriate position, the wedge-shaped push block 610 pushes the rotating clamp rod 321 to the required clamping degree, and then the jacking bolt 650 is tightened. The end of the jacking bolt 650 tightly presses the rotating rod 630, preventing the rotating rod 630 from rotating due to external force, thereby maintaining the position of the wedge-shaped push block 610 and maintaining the clamping state of the rotating clamp rod 321.

[0058] The rotating drive device 640 is arranged on the support frame 200, and indirectly drives the rotating clamp rod 321 to rotate, which effectively avoids that the driving device directly bears the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the balance shaft 01, significantly prolongs the service life of the driving device, reduces the equipment maintenance cost, improves the stability and reliability of the equipment operation, and ensures the continuity of the balance shaft 01 processing.

[0059] Through the cooperation of the rotating rod 630 and the spiral slide 613, the rotating drive device 640 can control the sliding distance of the wedge-shaped push block 610, so as to adjust the clamping degree of the rotating clamp rod 321. The operator can control the rotating angle of the rotating drive device 640 according to the specific situation of the balance shaft 01, so as to realize the control of the clamping force, and improve the stability of clamping and the processing precision.

[0060] Further, in order to improve the safety of the device as a whole, a trigger switch can be added to the end of the tightening bolt 650. When the trigger switch is triggered, a signal can be sent to the controller. After the controller receives the signal, the rotary spindle 110 can be started.

[0061] In another aspect, the present application also provides a balancing shaft processing method for processing a balancing shaft by using a balancing shaft processing device, characterized in that the method comprises: S10, rough machining of the shaft head 011, welding connection after assembly of the shaft head 011 and the shaft cylinder 012, and then welding assembly of the shaft support 013 to the shaft cylinder 012 to obtain a balancing shaft 01 rough piece; S20, external circle finish machining of the shaft head 011 by using the processing device.

[0062] Further, S20 comprises: S21, placing the balancing support 300 to the swing holder 210; S22, assembling the balancing shaft 01 rough piece to the centering clamp 129, adjusting the mass of the balancing support 300 according to the mass of the shaft support 013 and moving the balancing support 300 to a position symmetrical to the shaft support 013; S23, clamping the shaft cylinder 012 by using the clamping assembly 320, and then rotating the swing holder 210 away from the balancing support 300; S24, starting the rotary spindle 110 to finish machine the shaft head 011.

[0063] Optionally, a lathe, a milling machine or other processing equipment is used to preliminarily process the shaft head 011. Most of the excess material on the raw material of the shaft head 011 is removed, so that the shaft head 011 basically reaches the required shape and size, and a margin is left for subsequent finish machining. A grinding machine or other high-precision processing equipment is used to finish machine the assembly surface of the shaft head 011 and the shaft tube. Through the grinding process, the surface roughness of the assembly surface is brought to a low level, such as Ra0.8-Ra1.6μm, while the dimensional accuracy of the assembly surface is ensured, and the tolerance is controlled within the range of ±0.01-±0.05mm, so as to ensure the close fit of the shaft head 011 and the shaft tube when they are assembled.

[0064] The finish-machined shaft head 011 is assembled with the shaft tube, so that the assembly surfaces of the shaft head 011 and the shaft tube are closely fitted. An interference fit or a clearance fit can be used. If an interference fit is used, the size of the assembly surface of the shaft head 011 is slightly larger than the size of the assembly hole of the shaft tube, and the interference amount is generally controlled within the range of 0.02-0.05mm. The shaft head 011 is pressed into or assembled into the shaft tube by using a press or hot assembly method. A suitable welding process, such as argon arc welding or carbon dioxide gas shielded welding, is used to weld the connection between the shaft head 011 and the shaft tube. During the welding process, the welding parameters are controlled to ensure that the weld is uniform and firm, and welding defects such as pores and cracks are avoided.

[0065] The shaft stand 013 is installed on the shaft cylinder 012, and the position of the shaft stand 013 on the shaft cylinder 012 is determined to meet the design requirements of the balance shaft 01. The accuracy of the installation position of the shaft stand 013 can be ensured by marking the position on the shaft cylinder 012 or using a positioning tool. The connection between the shaft stand 013 and the shaft cylinder 012 is welded using a suitable welding process. The welding parameters are adjusted according to the material and thickness of the shaft stand 013 and the shaft cylinder 012 to ensure the welding quality, so that the shaft stand 013 is firmly connected to the shaft cylinder 012, and the balance shaft 01 blank is obtained.

[0066] Using the counterweight method, the installation position and required mass of the balance stand 300 are calculated according to the structure of the balance shaft 01 blank, including the size and mass distribution of the shaft head 011, the shaft tube, and the shaft stand 013. Through accurate mechanical calculation, it is determined that the balance stand 300 should be placed on which side of the shaft cylinder 012, and the mass of the balance stand 300, so that the center of mass of the balance shaft 01 and the balance stand 300 as a whole is located on the axis of the balance shaft 01.

[0067] The processed balance shaft 01 with the installed balance stand 300 is installed on the balance shaft 01 processing device, and the outer circle of the shaft head 011 is finished to ensure the normal operation of the components such as the rotary main shaft 110 and the centering clamp 120.

[0068] By first rough machining the shaft head 011 and finishing the assembly surface, then assembling and welding the shaft head 011, the shaft tube, and the shaft stand 013, and finally installing the balance stand 300 and finishing the outer circle of the shaft head 011, the machining precision is gradually controlled. In particular, after installing the balance stand 300, the outer circle of the shaft head 011 is finished, which avoids the influence of multiple weldings on the dimensional accuracy of the shaft head 011, effectively improving the overall machining precision of the balance shaft 01.

[0069] Further, the balance shaft 01 processing device is used to perform the processing of S40 and S50.

[0070] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A balanced axle machining apparatus, characterized by, The utility model relates to a balance frame and supporting frame movable mechanism, including: The frame body (100) is provided with the rotation main shaft (110) and the centering clamp (120), the centering clamp (120) can center clamping the axle head (011) of balanced shaft (01) and drive balanced shaft (01) whole rotation, the support frame (200) is set up in one side of the frame body (100), and the swing support base (210) is set up on the support frame (200) swing, the balance frame (300) includes the main part (310) and clamping subassembly (320), and the clamping subassembly (320) is used for clamping on the outer periphery of the axle cylinder (012) of balanced shaft (01), so that the balance frame (300) can follow balanced shaft (01) rotates, and the balance frame (300) and the axle frame (013) on balanced shaft (01) are located respectively on both sides of the axle cylinder (012), Wherein, the swing support base (210) is used for lifting the balance frame (300), when the clamping subassembly (320) clamps balanced shaft (01), the swing support base (210) can swing away from the balance frame (300), so that the balance frame (300) follows balanced shaft (01) rotates. The main part (310) is provided with the weight adjusting box (400), and a plurality of mass deployment blocks are clamped in the weight adjusting box (400), which is used for matching the mass of the balance frame (300) and the axle frame (013). Still include the moving assembly (500) for driving the support frame (200) moves, and the moving assembly (500) includes:

2. A balanced axle machining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein The sliding frame (510) is slidably arranged on one side of the frame body (100), and the sliding direction of the sliding frame (510) is parallel to the axis direction of the rotation main shaft (110); 3. The balanced axle machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The lifting frame (520) is arranged on the sliding frame (510), and the support frame (200) is arranged on the lifting frame (520). The clamping subassembly (320) includes: The rotating clamp rod (321) has two, and the two rotating clamp rods (321) are rotatably arranged on the main part (310), and the two rotating clamp rods (321) can be rotated towards each other to clamp the upper and lower sides of the axle cylinder (012); 4. The balanced axle machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The auxiliary clamp rod (322) is rotatably arranged at one end of the rotating clamp rod (321) away from the rotation axis, and the auxiliary clamp rod (322) can be rotated and extended outside the rotating clamp rod (321) to clamp the side of the axle cylinder (012) in cooperation with the rotating clamp rod (321). One end of the rotating clamp rod (321) away from the rotation axis is provided with a sliding groove (3211), the auxiliary clamp rod (322) can slide into the sliding groove (3211), the auxiliary clamp rod (322) has a straight slot through hole (3221), and the clamping subassembly (320) further includes: ​ 5. A balanced axle machining apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein ​ An extension frame (323) is arranged at the end of the rotating clamp rod (321) away from the axis and extends along the length direction of the rotating clamp rod (321), and the end of the extension frame (323) away from the rotating clamp rod (321) is provided with a limiting shaft (325) located in the straight slot through hole (3221), so that the auxiliary clamp rod (322) can rotate around the limiting shaft (325) after sliding out of the sliding groove (3211); A locking piece (324) is slidingly arranged on the limiting shaft (325), and the locking piece (324) can slide close to the auxiliary clamp rod (322) and abut against the side wall of the auxiliary clamp rod (322) to lock the rotation of the auxiliary clamp rod (322).

6. A balanced axle machining apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein The extension frame (323) is composed of an elastic piece, the extension frame (323) can elastically close to the auxiliary clamp rod (322), the limiting shaft (325) is a screw rod, the limiting shaft (325) penetrates the extension frame (323) along the deformation direction of the extension frame (323), and the two ends of the limiting shaft (325) penetrating out of the extension frame (323) are respectively threadedly connected with two locking nuts, and the two locking nuts can rotate to extrude the elastic deformation of the extension frame (323) to push the locking piece (324) to close to the auxiliary clamp rod (322); The auxiliary clamp rod (322) has a plurality of lock holes (3222), the locking piece (324) has a plurality of protrusions (3241) matched with the lock holes (3222), and after the locking piece (324) slides close to the auxiliary clamp rod (322), the protrusions (3241) can enter the lock holes (3222) to limit the rotation of the auxiliary clamp rod (322).

7. A balanced axle machining apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein, Further comprising a driving assembly for driving the rotating clamp rod (321) to rotate, the driving assembly comprising: A wedge-shaped push block (610) is slidingly arranged on the main body (310) and used for closing to or away from the shaft cylinder (012), and the wedge-shaped push block (610) has an inclined pushing surface (611) for pushing the rotating clamp rod (321) to rotate; A pushing rod (620) is arranged on the wedge-shaped push block (610) and extends between the two rotating clamp rods (321), and the pushing rod (620) can be driven by the wedge-shaped push block (610) to close to the shaft cylinder (012) and abut against the outer wall of the shaft cylinder (012).

8. A balanced axle machining apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein The wedge-shaped push block (610) has a driving through hole (612), the inner wall of the driving through hole (612) has a spiral slide (613), and the driving assembly further comprises: A rotating rod (630) is rotationally arranged on the main body (310) and located in the driving through hole (612), and the outer wall of the rotating rod (630) has a pushing column (631) matched with the spiral slide (613), and the pushing column (631) is located in the spiral slide (613), so that the rotation of the rotating rod (630) can drive the sliding of the wedge-shaped push block (610). A rotating driving device (640) is slidably arranged on the support frame (200), and the rotating driving device (640) is capable of sliding to be close to one end of the rotating rod (630) and driving the rotating rod (630) to rotate; A clamping bolt (650) is threadedly connected to the main body (310), and the clamping bolt (650) is capable of being close to the rotating rod (630) from the radial direction of the rotating rod (630) and clamping the rotating rod (630).

9. A method for processing a counter shaft by using the counter shaft processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein Comprise: S10, rough machining of the shaft head (011), the shaft head (011) and the shaft cylinder (012) are assembled and welded, and then the shaft support (013) is welded and assembled to the shaft cylinder (012), to obtain a balance shaft (01) blank; S20, using a processing device to perform outer circle finishing of the shaft head (011).

10. A method of balancing a shaft according to claim 9, wherein, The S20 comprises: S21, placing the balance frame (300) to the swing holder (210); S22, assembling the balance shaft (01) blank to the centering clamp (129), adjusting the mass of the balance frame (300) according to the mass of the shaft support (013) and moving the balance frame (300) to a position symmetrical to the shaft support (013); S23, clamping the shaft cylinder (012) by using the clamping assembly (320), and then rotating the swing holder (210) away from the balance frame (300); S24, starting the rotary main shaft (110) to perform finishing machining of the shaft head (011).

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