A deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment

Abstract

The application provides a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft sealing life verification test device simulating a complex environment, and belongs to the technical field of rotating sealing of ships and underwater vehicles. A pressure system comprises a pressure tank, pressure pipelines, a rudder shaft sealing device and a load device; the rudder shaft sealing device and the load device are arranged inside the pressure tank; the rudder shaft sealing device comprises a rudder shaft and a sealing element providing sealing between the rudder shaft and the pressure tank; a part of the rudder shaft is inside the pressure tank and a part of the rudder shaft is outside the pressure tank; the load device is connected with the rudder shaft to provide load and torque for the rudder shaft; a driving system is connected with the rudder shaft to drive the rudder shaft to rotate or reciprocate; a monitoring system can detect the pressure, temperature of a test medium in the pressure tank, torque of the rudder shaft and whether the pressure tank leaks, and transmit the monitoring results to a control system; and the control system controls the pressure system and the driving system according to the monitoring results. The working state of the rudder shaft sealing in a deep-sea environment can be simulated, and a reliable experimental platform is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotary sealing technology for ships and underwater vehicles, and in particular to a test device for verifying the lifespan of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible in a simulated complex environment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of marine engineering technology, anti-roll devices and their sealing performance for ships and underwater vehicles have become a research focus. As a core component of anti-roll devices, the performance of rudder shaft seals directly affects the reliability and service life of the equipment. The deep-sea environment is complex and variable; rudder shaft seals operate under multiple stress conditions, including high pressure, low temperature, seawater particles and salinity, variable speed, load force, and torque. Traditional single-sample testing devices are insufficient to fully simulate these complex working conditions and have low testing efficiency.

[0003] Most existing rotary seal testing systems can only perform single-sample tests and cannot conduct multi-sample comparative tests simultaneously, resulting in long test cycles and poor data comparability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can conduct multi-sample tests simultaneously to more efficiently simulate the complex deep-sea environment and compare the sealing performance of different samples under the same working conditions.

[0004] During operation, anti-roll devices on ships and underwater vehicles are subjected to high pressure, low temperature, seawater particles and salinity, variable speed, load force, and torque in the deep sea. The high pressure includes pressure pulses caused by pressure fluctuations, which can take various forms such as sine waves, triangular waves, and shock waves. These pressures and pulses act directly as forces on the rudder shaft and sealing structure, generating loads and torques on these components. Anti-roll fins on ships and underwater vehicles generate reaction forces by adjusting the fin angle, effectively counteracting wave swaying, thus stabilizing the hull and reducing the risk of capsizing. However, due to the extreme complexity of the deep-sea environment, the operating conditions of the rudder shaft and its sealing devices are particularly harsh. The rudder shaft must not only withstand the corrosive effects of high pressure, low temperature, seawater particles, and salinity, but also cope with the radial loads and torques from wave impacts and deep-sea pressure. These complex stress conditions directly affect the rudder shaft's seals, causing their performance to gradually degrade under long-term harsh conditions. When the pressure reaches a critical point, leaks may occur at the sealing points, leading to severe corrosion or even damage to the equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device that can simulate real-world operating conditions to comprehensively test the rudder shaft and sealing performance of the roll damping device.

[0005] A review of relevant domestic and international patents and technologies revealed that most existing rotary seal testing systems can only simulate single or simple operating conditions, such as using only pressure and rotational speed as input conditions to study the sealing performance of the seal ring. In tests targeting ship rudder shaft seals, these systems fail to comprehensively simulate the real-world working environment under complex multi-stress conditions. In particular, rudder shafts are subjected to additional forces such as radial loads and torques from ocean waves and deep-sea pressure during actual operation, forces that are often ignored in existing testing devices. Therefore, existing testing devices struggle to comprehensively assess the performance degradation of rudder shaft seals under complex operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a test apparatus for verifying the lifespan of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal under simulated complex environments. This apparatus can simulate not only the working conditions of the rudder shaft under single stress conditions such as high pressure, low temperature, seawater particles, and salinity, but also comprehensively simulate complex multi-stress conditions, especially the sealing performance of the rudder shaft under additional load forces and torque. This apparatus can more realistically simulate the working state of the rudder shaft seal in the deep-sea environment, providing a reliable experimental platform for studying the degradation of rudder shaft seal performance under complex environments, thereby improving experimental efficiency and data comparability.

[0007] This invention provides a test device for verifying the sealing life of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft in a simulated complex environment, comprising: a pressure system, a drive system, a monitoring system, and a control system; the monitoring system and the control system are respectively connected to the pressure system and the drive system; the monitoring system and the control system are connected.

[0008] The pressure system includes a pressure tank, pressure pipelines, a rudder shaft sealing device, and a load device; the rudder shaft sealing device and the load device are disposed inside the pressure tank; the rudder shaft sealing device includes a rudder shaft and a sealing element that provides a seal between the rudder shaft and the pressure tank; part of the rudder shaft is inside the pressure tank and part of the rudder shaft is outside the pressure tank; the load device is connected to the rudder shaft and provides load and torque to the rudder shaft.

[0009] The drive system is connected to the rudder shaft and drives the rudder shaft to rotate or reciprocate.

[0010] The monitoring system can detect the pressure and temperature of the test medium inside the pressure tank, the torque of the steering shaft, and whether the pressure tank is leaking. The monitoring results are transmitted to the control system, which then controls the pressure system and the drive system based on the monitoring results.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure tank includes a pressure tank body, a pressure tank cover clamp, a pressure tank body base, and a pressure tank cover clamp base; the pressure tank cover clamp is connected to the pressure tank body; the pressure tank body base and the pressure tank cover clamp base are respectively supported below the pressure tank body and the pressure tank cover clamp; the upper end of the pressure tank body is provided with a water inlet and a vent, and the lower end is provided with a water outlet.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure tank base and the pressure tank cover clamp base are fixed on the test platform; the upper end of the pressure tank base is fixedly connected to the pressure tank; and the pressure tank cover clamp base is fixed to the pressure tank cover clamp by bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the rudder shaft sealing device further includes a sealing seat, a static seal, and a dynamic seal. The sealing seat is sealed to the pressure tank cover clamp by the static seal, and the rudder shaft is sealed to the sealing seat by the dynamic seal.

[0014] Preferably, the static seal is an O-ring static seal, and the dynamic seal is an O-ring dynamic seal.

[0015] Preferably, the load device includes a compression spring, a compression spring column for fixing the compression spring, a sleeve mounted on the rudder shaft, a roller fixing plate fixed on the sleeve, and a pair of rollers.

[0016] Preferably, one end of the compression spring column is bolted to the pressure tank cover clamp and placed horizontally inside the pressure tank body. The sleeve is rotatably mounted on the rudder shaft inside the pressure tank body. The roller is fixed to the roller bracket by a pin and bolted to the roller fixing plate. The roller fixing plate is bolted to the side of the sleeve with bolt holes. The compression spring is bolted to the side of the compression spring column with bolt holes. The roller and the compression spring are disposed between the sleeve and the compression spring column. When the rudder shaft rotates, it drives the sleeve and the roller on it to rotate together. At the same time, the roller periodically contacts the upper end face of the compression spring, thereby providing load force and torque to the rudder shaft.

[0017] Preferably, there are four rudder shafts, and the top and bottom surfaces of the compression spring columns are square, with the two diagonal side edges located directly above and below, so that all four rudder shafts can be equipped with load devices without affecting each other.

[0018] Preferably, all parts of the load device except the compression spring are made of stainless steel. The compression spring is integrally formed from 38CrMoAl material through a heat treatment process. The wheel surface of the roller has a planar structure and forms line contact with the contact surface of the compression spring. The size of the roller is related to the height, thickness, and length of the compression spring, as well as the number of rollers installed on the sleeve and the number of compression springs on the compression spring column. The rollers are matched and combined according to the load force or torque required for the test.

[0019] Preferably, the drive system includes at least one servo drive motor, the number of which is the same as the number of rudder shafts, driving the corresponding rudder shafts to rotate or reciprocate, and the servo drive motors are fixed on a motor stand.

[0020] Preferably, the speed, angle, and start / stop of each servo drive motor are independently controlled by the control system to ensure that each sample is tested under different speeds and motion modes.

[0021] Preferably, the monitoring system includes a pressure monitoring section, a temperature monitoring section, a torque monitoring section, a rudder shaft reciprocation frequency monitoring section, and a leakage monitoring section; the pressure monitoring section and the temperature monitoring section monitor the pressure and temperature of the test medium inside the pressure tank, respectively; the torque monitoring section can monitor the dynamic friction between the dynamic seal of the rudder shaft sealing device and the rudder shaft, as well as the torque caused by the additional resistance of the load device and water pressure; the rudder shaft reciprocation frequency monitoring section is located between the torque monitoring section and the servo drive motor, and monitors the number of rotations and reciprocation frequency of the rudder shaft; the leakage monitoring section can monitor whether the test medium leaks from the pressure tank.

[0022] Preferably, the torque monitoring part is a torque sensor, the number of which is the same as the number of the steering shafts. One end of the torque sensor is connected to the corresponding servo drive motor through a coupling, and the other end is connected to one end of the steering shaft outside the pressure tank.

[0023] Preferably, the rudder shaft reciprocation count monitoring part is a photoelectric displacement sensor module. The photoelectric displacement sensor module includes a slotted photoelectric displacement sensor, a sensor bracket, and a light-shielding plate. The sensor bracket is set on the motor stand, the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor is mounted on the sensor bracket, and the light-shielding plate is L-shaped with its short side fixed to the coupling, so that the long side passes through the slot of the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor and blocks the light beam in the slot when it rotates with the output shaft of the servo drive motor. This enables the counting of the number of rotations of the rudder shaft and the number of reciprocations during the reciprocating motion.

[0024] Preferably, when there are three slotted photoelectric displacement sensors, the light-shielding plate can sweep across the slot of the photoelectric displacement sensor once when it rotates with the servo drive motor shaft. That is, the three slotted photoelectric displacement sensors are located on a circle with the axis center as the center and the long side of the light-shielding plate as the radius. When the starting position of the reciprocating motion is known, the photoelectric displacement sensor in the middle position can be placed at the light-shielding plate at that position, and the light-shielding plate can sweep across the slot. Similarly, the other two photoelectric displacement sensors are adjusted and fixed according to the reciprocating motion angle, which can limit the angle of the rudder shaft that is making reciprocating motion. When the rudder shaft rotates beyond the set angle due to abnormal conditions, the photoelectric displacement sensor module can detect it and limit the rudder shaft accordingly.

[0025] Preferably, the pressure monitoring section includes a pressure transmitter and a pressure gauge, which are integrated into the pressure pipeline to determine whether the rudder shaft sealing device is leaking or leaking by measuring pressure changes.

[0026] Preferably, the temperature monitoring section includes a temperature transmitter and a temperature sensor, the temperature transmitter being integrated into the pressure pipeline and the temperature sensor being mounted on the pressure tank cover clamp.

[0027] Preferably, the leakage monitoring part adopts a physical monitoring method, in which a water-absorbing test paper is placed on the rudder shaft near the pressure tank cover clamp outside the pressure tank, and a humidity sensor is inserted.

[0028] Preferably, the control system includes a pressure control section, a temperature control section, and a servo drive motor control section.

[0029] Preferably, the pressure control section controls the output pressure of the pressure pipeline through a PLC program. The pressure pipeline includes a pump source module, an accumulator, a shut-off valve, and a check valve. The pump source module is a pressure source used to provide pressure. One end of the pressure pipeline has two valve ports, which are respectively connected to the inlet water storage tank and the pressure relief water storage tank. The other end of the pressure pipeline has two valve ports, which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure tank. A pressure relief pipeline with the shut-off valve and a pressure relief port are branched off from the pressure pipeline. The pressure of the entire pressure pipeline is controlled by a computer based on the pressure monitored by the pressure monitoring section to control the opening of the check valve.

[0030] Preferably, the temperature control section includes cooling pipes enclosing the pressure vessel and a cooling circulator for providing water cooling to the cooling pipes. The temperature of the test medium inside the pressure vessel is controlled by controlling the water temperature and the water cooling circulation speed on the cooling pipes based on the temperature monitored by the temperature monitoring section.

[0031] Preferably, the pressure tank and cooling pipes are wrapped with heat-insulating cotton.

[0032] Preferably, the servo drive motor control unit controls the speed, angle, and start / stop of the servo drive motor through a PLC module based on the torque monitored by the torque monitoring unit.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] (1) This invention fills the gap in related tests and overcomes the shortcomings of existing related test systems. It can comprehensively simulate the complex working conditions of rudder shaft seal under high pressure, low temperature, medium particles and salinity, variable speed and additional load and torque. In particular, it is designed to conduct tests on four samples at the same time, which significantly improves test efficiency, shortens test cycle, and can compare the sealing performance of different samples under the same working conditions. It is also designed to provide load and torque for each rudder shaft, so that the equipment can better simulate the real working conditions of rudder shaft seal.

[0035] (2) The present invention realizes the deep-sea pressure simulation of the rudder shaft seal under different pressures and pressure fluctuations (0~20MPa range) through the pressure system; the temperature control part controls the temperature required for the test to realize the temperature simulation of the variation in the range of 5~20℃; the rudder shaft is driven by the servo drive motor to realize arbitrary speed change and rotation; the operation status of the test system is monitored by different types of sensors such as pressure, temperature, torque, humidity and photoelectric displacement, which greatly and effectively improves the rigor, diversity and reliability of the test; by adapting to different pressure tank cover clamps, the present invention can be tested on more types of seals.

[0036] (3) This invention has the characteristics of being easy to use, running smoothly, testing accurately, and having a long service life. It can simultaneously test the seals of four rudder shafts and simultaneously measure the performance of various types of seals. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a test device for verifying the seal life of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft under a complex environment using four samples, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device with four samples simulating a complex environment, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Some components of the monitoring system and control system are not shown.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a top view of a test apparatus for verifying the seal life of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft under a complex environment using four samples, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Some components of the monitoring and control systems are not shown.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device with four samples simulating a complex environment, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The pressure tank, some monitoring systems, and control system components are not shown.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a top view of a test apparatus for verifying the seal life of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft under a complex environment using four samples, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Components of the pressure tank, some of the monitoring system, and the control system are not shown.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a side view of a pressure tank lid clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a side view of a load device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a pressure tank cover clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a load device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the rudder shaft and the sealing seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the rudder shaft, sleeve, and sealing seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a load device according to an embodiment of the present invention (also showing the rudder shaft and sealing seat).

[0050] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a rudder shaft sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 14 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a load device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure supply pipeline in a pressure system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a photoelectric displacement module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a photoelectric displacement module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a four-sample test method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] In the diagram: 1. Pressure system; 2. Drive system; 3. Monitoring system; 4. Control system; 5. Pressure tank; 6. Load device; 11. Cooling pipe; 12. Pressure tank body; 13. Pressure tank cover clamp; 14. Torque sensor; 15. Coupling; 16. Servo drive motor; 17. Motor stand; 18. Torque sensor bracket; 19. Pressure tank cover clamp base; 20. Pressure tank body base; 21. Steering shaft; 22. Compression spring column; 23. Sleeve; 24. Sealing seat; 25. Roller fixing plate; 26. Roller bracket; 27. Roller; 28. Compression spring; 29. ​​Photoelectric displacement module base; 30. Photoelectric displacement module support rod; 31. Photoelectric displacement module crossbar support; 32. Slotted photoelectric displacement sensor; 33. Light shield; 34. Servo drive motor output shaft; 35. Photoelectric displacement module support parts; 101. Through-hole on the base plate of the pressure tank cover clamp base. Holes; 102. Through hole on torque sensor bracket; 103. Through hole on servo drive motor support; 104, 105. Single diaphragm coupling; 106. Threaded eye hole on top of pressure tank cover clamp; 107. Through hole around pressure tank cover clamp for connection to pressure tank body; 108. Through hole for fixing seal seat; 109. Through hole at bottom of compression spring column; 110. Through hole for fixing bearing cover; 111. Radial through hole for rudder shaft; 112. 113. Through hole on the edge of the sleeve; 114. Threaded hole in the spring column; 115. Hole at the bottom of the spring; 201. Filter; 202. Pressure relief water tank; 203. Throttling valve; 204. Pressure relief valve; 205. Temperature transmitter; 206. Pressure transmitter; 207. Pressure holding valve; 208. Pressure gauge; 209. Shut-off valve; 210. Accumulator; 211. Check valve; 212. Servo-driven motor pump; 213. Booster water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0058] This invention provides a test device for verifying the sealing life of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft in a simulated complex environment, comprising: a pressure system 1, a drive system 2, a monitoring system 3, and a control system 4; the monitoring system and the control system 4 are respectively connected to the pressure system 1 and the drive system 2; the monitoring system 3 and the control system 4 are connected.

[0059] The pressure system 1 includes a pressure tank 5, pressure pipelines, a rudder shaft sealing device, and a load device 6; the rudder shaft sealing device and the load device 6 are disposed inside the pressure tank 5; the rudder shaft sealing device includes a rudder shaft 21 and a sealing element that provides a seal between the rudder shaft 21 and the pressure tank 5; part of the rudder shaft 21 is inside the pressure tank 5 and part is outside the pressure tank 5; the load device 6 is connected to the rudder shaft 21 and provides load and torque to the rudder shaft 21.

[0060] The drive system 2 is connected to the rudder shaft 21 and drives the rudder shaft 21 to rotate or reciprocate.

[0061] The monitoring system 3 can detect the pressure and temperature of the test medium in the pressure tank 5, the torque of the rudder shaft 21, and whether the pressure tank 5 is leaking. The monitoring results are transmitted to the control system 4, which controls the pressure system 1 and the drive system 2 based on the monitoring results.

[0062] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure tank 5 includes a pressure tank body 12, a pressure tank cover clamp 13, a pressure tank body base 20, and a pressure tank cover clamp base 19; the pressure tank cover clamp 13 is connected to the pressure tank body 12; the pressure tank body base 20 and the pressure tank cover clamp base 19 are respectively supported below the pressure tank body 12 and the pressure tank cover clamp 13; the upper end of the pressure tank body 12 is provided with a water inlet and a vent, and the lower end is provided with a water outlet.

[0063] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure tank base 20 and the pressure tank cover clamp base 19 are fixed on the test platform; the upper end of the pressure tank base 20 is fixedly connected to the pressure tank 12; and the pressure tank cover clamp base 19 is fixed to the pressure tank cover clamp 13 by bolts.

[0064] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the rudder shaft sealing device further includes a sealing seat 24, a static sealing element and a dynamic sealing element. The sealing seat 24 is sealed to the pressure tank cover clamp 13 by the static sealing element, and the rudder shaft 21 is sealed to the sealing seat 24 by the dynamic sealing element.

[0065] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the static seal is an O-ring static seal, and the dynamic seal is an O-ring dynamic seal.

[0066] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the load device 6 includes a compression spring 28, a compression spring column 22 for fixing the compression spring 28, a sleeve 23 mounted on the rudder shaft 21, a roller fixing plate 25 fixed on the sleeve 23, and a pair of rollers 27.

[0067] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, one end of the compression spring column 22 is bolted to the pressure tank cover clamp 13 and placed horizontally inside the pressure tank body 12. The sleeve 23 is rotatably mounted on the rudder shaft 21 inside the pressure tank body 12. The roller 27 is fixed to the roller bracket 26 by a pin and bolted to the roller fixing plate 25. The roller fixing plate 25 is bolted to the side of the sleeve 23 with bolt holes. The compression spring 28 is bolted to the side of the compression spring column 22 with bolt holes. The roller 27 and the compression spring 28 are disposed between the sleeve 23 and the compression spring column 22. When the rudder shaft 21 rotates, it drives the sleeve 23 and the roller 27 on it to rotate together. At the same time, the roller 27 periodically contacts the upper end face of the compression spring 28, thereby providing load force and torque to the rudder shaft 21.

[0068] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, there are four rudder shafts 21, and the top and bottom surfaces of the compression spring column 22 are square, with the two diagonal side edges located directly above and below, so that the four rudder shafts 21 can all be loaded with the load device 6 without affecting each other.

[0069] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, all parts of the load device 6 except the compression spring 28 are made of stainless steel. The compression spring 28 is integrally formed of 38CrMoAl material through a heat treatment process. The wheel surface of the roller 27 adopts a planar structure to form line contact with the contact surface of the compression spring 28. The size of the roller 27 is related to the height, thickness, and length of the compression spring 28, as well as the number of rollers 27 installed on the sleeve 23 and the number of compression springs 28 on the compression spring column 22. The rollers 27 are matched and combined according to the load force or torque required for the test.

[0070] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the drive system 2 includes at least one servo drive motor 16, the number of which is the same as the number of rudder shafts 21, driving the corresponding rudder shafts 21 to rotate or reciprocate, and the servo drive motor 16 is fixed on the motor stand 17.

[0071] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the speed, angle and start / stop of each servo drive motor 16 are independently controlled by the control system 4 to ensure that each sample is tested under different speeds and motion modes.

[0072] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring system 3 includes a pressure monitoring section, a temperature monitoring section, a torque monitoring section, a rudder shaft 21 reciprocating frequency monitoring section, and a leakage monitoring section; the pressure monitoring section and the temperature monitoring section respectively monitor the pressure and temperature of the test medium in the pressure tank 5; the torque monitoring section can monitor the dynamic friction between the dynamic seal of the rudder shaft sealing device and the rudder shaft 21, as well as the torque caused by the additional resistance of the load device 6 and the water pressure; the rudder shaft 21 reciprocating frequency monitoring section is arranged between the torque monitoring section and the servo drive motor 16, and monitors the number of rotations and reciprocating motions of the rudder shaft 21; the leakage monitoring section can monitor whether the test medium leaks from the pressure tank 5.

[0073] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the torque monitoring part is a torque sensor 14. The number of torque sensors 14 is the same as the number of steering shafts 21. One end of the torque sensor 14 is connected to the corresponding servo drive motor 16 through a coupling 15, and the other end is connected to the end of the steering shaft 21 outside the pressure tank 5. Preferably, the torque sensor 14 is mounted on a torque sensor bracket 18.

[0074] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reciprocating frequency monitoring part of the rudder shaft 21 is a photoelectric displacement sensor module. Preferably, it is set on the photoelectric displacement module support part 35. The photoelectric displacement sensor module includes a slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 32, a sensor bracket, and a light shield 33. The sensor bracket is set on the motor stand 17. The slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 32 is mounted on the sensor bracket. The light shield 33 is L-shaped and its short side is fixed on the coupling 15, so that the long side passes through the slot of the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 32 and blocks the light beam in the slot when it rotates with the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor. This realizes the counting of the number of rotations of the rudder shaft 21 and the counting of the reciprocating frequency during the reciprocating motion.

[0075] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when there are three slotted photoelectric displacement sensors 32, the light-shielding plate 33 can sweep across the slot of the photoelectric displacement sensor once when it rotates with the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor. That is, the three slotted photoelectric displacement sensors 32 are located on a circle with the axis center as the center and the long side of the light-shielding plate 33 as the radius. When the starting position of the reciprocating motion is known, the photoelectric displacement sensor in the middle position can be placed at the light-shielding plate 33 at that position, and the light-shielding plate 33 can sweep across the slot. Similarly, the other two photoelectric displacement sensors are adjusted and fixed according to the reciprocating motion angle, which can limit the angle of the rudder shaft 21 that is reciprocating. When the rudder shaft 21 rotates beyond the set angle due to abnormal conditions, the photoelectric displacement sensor module can detect it and limit the rudder shaft 21 accordingly.

[0076] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure monitoring part includes a pressure transmitter 206 and a pressure gauge 208, which are integrated into the pressure pipeline to determine whether the rudder shaft sealing device has leaked or leached by the pressure change.

[0077] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature monitoring part includes a temperature transmitter 205 and a temperature sensor. The temperature transmitter 205 is integrated into the pressure pipeline, and the temperature sensor is mounted on the pressure tank cover clamp 13.

[0078] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the leakage monitoring part adopts a physical monitoring method. A ring of absorbent paper is placed on the rudder shaft 21 near the pressure tank cover clamp 13 outside the pressure tank 5, and a humidity sensor is inserted.

[0079] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the control system 4 includes a pressure control section, a temperature control section, and a servo drive motor control section.

[0080] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure control section controls the output pressure of the pressure pipeline through a PLC program. The pressure pipeline includes a pump source module, an accumulator 210, a shut-off valve 209, and a check valve 211. The pump source module is a pressure source used to provide pressure. One end of the pressure pipeline is provided with two valve ports, which are respectively connected to an inlet water storage tank and a pressure relief water storage tank. The other end of the pressure pipeline is provided with two valve ports, which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure tank 12. A pressure relief pipeline and a pressure relief port are branched from the pressure pipeline and connected to the shut-off valve 209. The pressure of the entire pressure pipeline is controlled by a computer according to the opening degree of the pressure control check valve 211 monitored by the pressure monitoring section.

[0081] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control section includes a cooling pipe 11 enclosing the pressure tank 12 and a cooling circulation machine for providing water cooling to the cooling pipe 11. The temperature of the test medium in the pressure tank 12 is controlled by controlling the water temperature and the water cooling circulation speed on the cooling pipe 11 according to the temperature monitored by the temperature monitoring section.

[0082] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, heat insulation cotton is used to wrap the pressure tank 12 and the cooling pipe 11.

[0083] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the servo drive motor control section controls the speed, angle and start / stop of the servo drive motor 16 according to the torque monitored by the torque monitoring section via a PLC module.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] The following describes in detail the test device for verifying the sealing life of a deep-sea submersible rudder shaft in a simulated complex environment, using a specific embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can perform tests on four samples.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention includes a pressure system 1, a drive system 2, a monitoring system 3, and a control system 4 according to the location layout and system function distribution. The entire system can comprehensively simulate the complex deep-sea environment, meet the multi-stress condition test of the rudder shaft seal under complex working conditions, and each working condition can be loaded independently or simultaneously.

[0087] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the pressure system 1 not only provides pressure, but its comprehensive nature enables it to provide pressure, temperature, load and torque, salinity and particle levels. It includes a high-pressure vessel mainly composed of a pressure tank 12 and a pressure tank cover clamp 13; cooling pipes 11 wound around the pressure tank 12 to raise and lower the temperature of the high-pressure vessel and the test medium; and a load device 6 located inside the pressure tank 12, consisting of a compression spring 28 and a compression spring column 22, providing load force and torque. The drive system 2 includes four servo drive motors with reducers. 16. A motor stand 17 supporting the servo drive motor 16 and torque sensor 14, and a single diaphragm key type coupling 15 for connecting the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor and the torque sensor 14; the monitoring system 3 includes a pressure transmitter 206, a pressure gauge 208, a temperature transmitter 205 integrated on the pressure pipeline, and the torque sensor 14 on the motor stand 17; the control system 4 includes a pressure control section, a temperature control section, and a servo drive motor control section, which are integrated on their respective control computers and do not affect each other.

[0088] like Figure 3As shown, the pressure system 1 and drive system 2 are arranged on the same straight line. Workpieces such as the motor stand 17, torque sensor bracket 18, and pressure tank cover clamp support 19, which significantly affect the system's levelness, require accurate drawing parameters and high machining precision to avoid misalignment during assembly and subsequent rework. When assembling the entire system, it is essential to ensure that the system's centerline is on the same straight line. This can be assisted by using an infrared level or other tools and instruments capable of measuring centerline alignment. The servo drive motor 16 is fixed to the servo drive motor bracket, and a through hole is machined on the servo drive motor bracket for fixing it. The upper surface of the motor stand 17 in drive system 2 has a connection and fixing through hole identical to the through hole 103 on the servo drive motor bracket. The torque sensor 14 is fixed to the torque sensor bracket 18, and the torque sensor bracket is fixed to the through hole machined on the platform of the motor stand 17 through the through hole 102 on the torque sensor bracket. The servo drive motor 16, torque sensor 14, and rudder shaft 21 are connected via single diaphragm couplings 104 and 105. After alignment with auxiliary instruments, the through holes 103 on the servo drive motor support are fixed with bolts. The motor stand 17 has two layers and can hold a total of four servo drive motors 16. The pressure tank cover fixture base 19 has through holes (i.e., through holes 101 on the base plate of the pressure tank cover fixture base) on its base plate. It is fixed to the test platform with bolts. A total of eight through holes 101 are machined on the base plate of the pressure tank cover fixture base and are distributed in pairs to improve the stability of the device. During setup, lifting rings can be installed through the lifting ring threaded holes 106 on the top and side of the pressure tank cover fixture, and then the pressure tank 5 is lifted and installed.

[0089] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressure tank 5 of the pressure system 1 contains a load device 6 that provides load and torque.

[0090] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the pressure tank cover clamp 13 has through holes around it for connecting to the pressure tank body (i.e., through holes 107 around the pressure tank cover clamp for connecting to the pressure tank body). The pressure tank cover clamp 13 can be fixed to the pressure tank body 12 with bolts. When machining the pressure tank body 12, grooves need to be machined on the mating surface with the pressure tank cover clamp 13 to place a sealing ring, or a circular boss can be machined on the side of the pressure tank cover clamp 13 near the pressure tank body 12. Grooves can be machined around the boss, and after placing the sealing ring, it can fit with the inner wall of the pressure tank body 12 to achieve a sealing effect. The pressure tank cover clamp 13 has a thrust bearing cover on the outside that can press against the sealing seat 24 to prevent the rudder shaft 21 from moving axially due to excessive water pressure in the pressure tank 5. The thrust bearing cover can be fixed to the threaded hole machined on the outside of the pressure tank cover clamp 13 through the bearing cover fixing through hole 110.

[0091] like Figures 6-7As shown, the rudder shaft 21 and the sealing seat 24 are fixed in the through hole 108 for fixing the sealing seat on the pressure tank cover clamp 13. At the same time, the compression spring column 22 is also horizontally fixed to the pressure tank cover clamp 13 by high-strength stainless steel bolts. During installation, the compression spring column 22 has a through hole at the bottom (i.e., the through hole 109 at the bottom of the compression spring column). The two edges of the compression spring column 22 need to be positioned directly above and directly below before fixing the bolts. The square sleeve 23 passes through the rudder shaft 21, and the pin passes through two places: the radial through hole 111 of the rudder shaft and the through hole 112 on the edge surface of the sleeve. The four square sleeves 23 and the compression spring column 22 all have the closest side, so that four sets of load structures can be placed without affecting each other. The number of load devices 6 should be as large as possible to reduce the force on each roller 27 and compression spring 28, and improve the durability and reliability of the device.

[0092] like Figures 10-13 As shown, the rudder shaft 21 mates with the sealing seat 24. The sealing seat 24 has an internal groove for mounting a sealing ring, forming a dynamic seal with the contact surface of the rudder shaft 21. The external sealing seat 24 also has an external groove for mounting a sealing ring, forming a static seal with the wall of the pressure tank cover clamp 13. In this embodiment, the method used allows for the study of both static and dynamic sealing performance after the experiment. The sealing seat 24 needs to contain a radial bearing and a thrust bearing. The rudder shaft 21 is subjected to radial forces from loads and torques. Using a radial bearing prevents the rudder shaft 21 from bending due to radial forces. When there is significant pressure inside the pressure tank 5, axial forces are generated in the axial direction of the rudder shaft 21. The thrust bearing, under the action of its thrust bearing cap, prevents the rudder shaft 21 from shifting outwards.

[0093] like Figure 14As shown in the figure, the structure, installation, and function of a single load device 6 are illustrated. In this embodiment, different load forces and torques are achieved by adjusting the compression springs 28 of different thicknesses or heights, the roller fixing plates 25 of different thicknesses, and the rollers 27 of different sizes. Using two rollers 27 allows the rudder shaft 21 to be subjected to load forces or torques multiple times during unidirectional or reciprocating rotation, improving efficiency. Furthermore, the wheel surface of the rollers 27 is designed as a flat surface, increasing the contact area between the wheel surface and the compression springs 28, reducing stress concentration, and ensuring the reliability and service life of the device. The installation method is the same: two rollers 27 are mounted on their roller brackets 26 using bolts or pins, then the roller brackets 26 are mounted on the roller fixing plate 25, and then the roller fixing plate 25 is fixed to the square sleeve 23 using bolts. Next, the compression springs 28 are installed. First, the compression spring 28 closest to the pressure tank cover clamp 13 is installed, and the compression spring 28 is placed between the positioning grooves of the compression spring column 22. The positioning grooves ensure that the compression spring 28 and the compression spring column 22 are in a perpendicular state. Then, a large-diameter screw is used... The spring 28 is fixed to the spring post threaded hole 113 of the spring post 22 through the hole 114 at the bottom of the spring. In this embodiment, the bolts that mate with the spring post threaded hole 113 are all of large diameter, and there are stainless steel washers of the same width and length as the spring 28 under the bolts, which can ensure that the bottom of the spring 28 is evenly stressed. After installation, the four rudder shafts 21 can be rotated to check whether the rollers 27 and the spring 28 are in good contact. Lubricant can also be applied to the rollers 27 and the spring 28 to reduce rolling friction.

[0094] like Figure 15 As shown, the pressure module providing the pressure source for pressure system 1 has a circuit including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe includes an external pressurized water tank 213, a filter 201 for filtering impurities in the water in the pressurized water tank 213, a servo-driven motor pump 212 consisting of a servo-driven motor and a plunger pump to provide water pressure, a check valve 211 and a pressure holding valve 207, and a pressure gauge 208. A branch is provided on the inlet pipe, on which an accumulator 210 and a shut-off valve 209 are installed to supplement the pressure of the inlet pipe. The outlet pipe has an external pressure relief water tank 202 for storing the test medium during pressure relief, a throttle valve 203 and a pressure relief valve 204, a temperature sensor 205 and a pressure transmitter 206. In the design, the throttle valve 203 and the pressure relief valve 204 are used together to control the pressure relief rate, especially at high pressure, to prevent liquid from spraying out at the pressure relief port and improve test safety.

[0095] like Figures 16-17 As shown, Figure 16The photoelectric displacement module is viewed from the axial perspective of the rudder shaft 21. The module's position is flexible and can be installed according to actual conditions. It is mounted on the photoelectric displacement module support part 35. Preferably, the photoelectric displacement module support part 35 includes a photoelectric displacement module base 29, a photoelectric displacement module support rod 30, and a photoelectric displacement module crossbar support 31. The sensor bracket is mounted on the motor stand 17 via the photoelectric displacement module support part 35. In this embodiment, the photoelectric displacement module is mounted near the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor, and the photoelectric displacement module crossbar support of the three slotted photoelectric displacement sensors 32 is used. The seat 31 passes through the photoelectric displacement module support rod 30 in sequence, and fixes the photoelectric displacement module support rod 30 on the photoelectric displacement module base 29. Adjust the position of the photoelectric displacement module base 29, the height and extension length of the photoelectric displacement module crossbar support 31 to ensure that the light shield 33 can pass through the slot of the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 32 when rotating with the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor and can block the infrared light in the slot from touching the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 32. After adjusting the position of all parts, tighten each bolt. The photoelectric displacement module base 29 can be fixed by a tiger-shaped clamp or other pressure plate. Figure 17 Viewed from above, the photoelectric displacement module is perpendicular to the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor. One end of the light-shielding plate 33, which is fixed on the output shaft 34 of the servo drive motor, can bypass the slot of the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 32.

[0096] The implementation process of this invention:

[0097] like Figure 18 As shown, before the test, it is necessary to determine the test input object and the test sample. Based on the relevant standards and specifications for testing and sealing, determine the stress level achievable on the test platform and the test time and cycle. Also, determine the seal of the rudder shaft 21 or other device under test, and design as follows: Figure 13 The sealing device can be installed on the pressure tank cover clamp 13. The main design part is the groove in the sealing seat 24 for installing the dynamic seal.

[0098] like Figure 4As shown in the overall system structure diagram, the installation sequence of the entire system is from right to left. Components that do not require alignment adjustments can be installed first, such as the spring column 22, sealing seat 24, rudder shaft 21, seals, sleeve 23, bearing cap, roller 27, and matching parts. After installing the components on the pressure tank cover fixture 13, install the lifting ring on the threaded hole 106 at the top of the pressure tank cover fixture. Then, lift the entire pressure tank cover fixture 13 and place it on the test platform. After aligning the rudder shaft 21 on the pressure tank cover fixture 13 with the shaft of the torque sensor 14, fix the pressure tank cover fixture base 19 and connect the rudder shaft 21 and the shaft of the torque sensor 14 using a coupling. Place the springs 28 sequentially, starting from the side closest to the pressure tank cover fixture 13, and fix them to the threaded hole 113 of the spring column 22 with bolts. Rotate the rudder shaft 21 to check if the roller 27 and spring 28 are in good contact and match the design specifications. This completes the installation of the internal components of the pressure system.

[0099] Complete as Figure 4 After the procedures shown, place the pressure tank 12 horizontally and mate it with the pressure tank cover clamp 13. Secure the two together with bolts through the through holes, and fix the pressure tank base 20. The entire system is now basically assembled. Connect the inlet and outlet connectors of the pressure pipeline to the threaded holes machined on the tank. Before the test, water can be introduced as the pressure medium inside the pressure tank 5. Pressurize to a certain pressure to check for leaks. After identifying and fixing any leaks, the formal test can be carried out.

[0100] Depending on the test medium, the test medium can be added via a small pump from the inlet or by pressurizing the pressure tank 5. When pressurizing the medium into the pressure tank 5 with a small pump, stop adding the test medium when liquid flows out of the vent, connect the inlet hose, and plug the vent with a plug. Similarly, when adding the test medium into the pressure tank 5 using a pressure cabinet, stop adding liquid when liquid flows out of the outlet, and then plug the internally threaded vent with a threaded plug. When loading the test medium and pressurizing, the throttle valve 203 and pressure relief valve 204 of the pressure relief pipeline need to be closed to prevent the test medium from flowing out. At the start of the pressure test, set the pressure on the pressure control cabinet computer, open the one-way valve 211 and the shut-off valve 209 of the inlet pipeline, and after starting, the servo drive motor works, driving the plunger pump. Pressure control is achieved by controlling the motor speed. The pressure control system will pressurize according to the set pressure. At the same time, a pressure gradient can be set. After the first stage pressure is held for a period of time, the equipment automatically enters the second stage for pressurization and pressure holding. When pressure relief is required upon reaching the test time, the throttle valve 203 and the pressure relief valve 204 can be used together to achieve rapid or slow pressure relief. Simultaneously, the pressure system 1 is designed with a pressure replenishment function. When the pressure replenishment switch is turned on, and the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure has dropped below the set value, the program can control the motor to operate and increase the pressure. The pressure will stop once it recovers. Since temperature has a significant impact on pressure, the pressure will decrease when the temperature drops. This function ensures that the pressure remains constant at the set value during cooling.

[0101] The servo drive motor 16 of drive system 2 can be controlled by setting parameters through the motor control cabinet. During the test, there are two operating conditions: unidirectional rotation and reciprocating rotation. In unidirectional rotation, the speed and time can be set. In reciprocating rotation, the forward and reverse rotation angles, speeds, and times can be set. In the unidirectional rotation test, a low speed can be set first, and then the speed can be gradually increased to prevent damage to the motor shaft and rudder shaft 21 and other parts from high speed at startup. Similarly, in reciprocating rotation, a small angle and low speed can be set first, and then gradually increased.

[0102] After adjusting the system pressure and the rotation of the rudder shaft 21, the pressure, temperature, torque, and number of rotation cycles can be viewed in real time through the monitoring system 3. Leakage and leakage amount can be monitored through the washing cotton and humidity monitoring system installed at the rudder shaft seal. The entire system is convenient to use, stable in operation, accurate in testing, and has a long service life. It can test the performance of various types of sealing rings, thus demonstrating the significant technical advantages of this invention.

[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment, characterized in that, include: A pressure system, a drive system, a monitoring system, and a control system; the monitoring system and the control system are respectively connected to the pressure system and the drive system; the monitoring system and the control system are connected. The pressure system includes a pressure tank, pressure pipelines, a rudder shaft sealing device, and a load device; the rudder shaft sealing device and the load device are disposed inside the pressure tank; the rudder shaft sealing device includes a rudder shaft and a sealing element that provides a seal between the rudder shaft and the pressure tank; part of the rudder shaft is inside the pressure tank and part of the rudder shaft is outside the pressure tank; the load device is connected to the rudder shaft and provides load and torque to the rudder shaft. The drive system is connected to the rudder shaft and drives the rudder shaft to rotate or reciprocate. The monitoring system can detect the pressure and temperature of the test medium inside the pressure tank, the torque of the rudder shaft, and whether the pressure tank is leaking. The monitoring results are transmitted to the control system, which then controls the pressure system and the drive system based on the monitoring results. The pressure tank includes a pressure tank body, a pressure tank cover clamp, a pressure tank body base, and a pressure tank cover clamp base; the pressure tank cover clamp is connected to the pressure tank body; the pressure tank body base and the pressure tank cover clamp base are respectively supported below the pressure tank body and the pressure tank cover clamp; the upper end of the pressure tank body is provided with a water inlet and a vent, and the lower end is provided with a water outlet; the pressure tank body base and the pressure tank cover clamp base are fixed on the test platform; the upper end of the pressure tank base is fixedly connected to the pressure tank body; the pressure tank cover clamp base is fixed to the pressure tank cover clamp by bolts. The load device includes a compression spring, a compression spring column for fixing the compression spring, a sleeve mounted on the rudder shaft, a roller fixing plate fixed on the sleeve, and a pair of rollers. One end of the compression spring column is bolted to the pressure tank cover clamp and is placed horizontally inside the pressure tank. The sleeve is rotatably mounted on the rudder shaft inside the pressure tank. The rollers are fixed to the roller bracket by pins and bolted to the roller fixing plate. The roller fixing plate is bolted to the side of the sleeve with bolt holes. The compression spring is bolted to the side of the compression spring column with bolt holes. The rollers and the compression spring are positioned between the sleeve and the compression spring column. When the rudder shaft rotates, it drives the sleeve and the rollers on it to rotate together. At the same time, the rollers periodically contact the upper surface of the compression spring, thereby providing load force and torque to the rudder shaft.

2. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rudder shaft sealing device further includes a sealing seat, a static sealing element, and a dynamic sealing element. The sealing seat is sealed to the pressure tank cover clamp by the static sealing element, and the rudder shaft is sealed to the sealing seat by the dynamic sealing element.

3. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating complex environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, All parts of the load device except the compression spring are made of stainless steel. The compression spring is made of 38CrMoAl material and is integrally formed by heat treatment. The wheel surface of the roller has a planar structure and forms line contact with the contact surface of the compression spring. The size of the roller is related to the height, thickness, and length of the compression spring, as well as the number of rollers installed on the sleeve and the compression springs on the compression spring column. The rollers are matched and combined according to the load force or torque required for the test.

4. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive system includes at least one servo drive motor, the number of which is the same as the number of rudder shafts, driving the corresponding rudder shafts to rotate or reciprocate. The servo drive motors are fixed on a motor stand. The speed, angle, and start / stop of each servo drive motor are independently controlled by the control system to ensure that each sample is tested under different speeds and motion modes.

5. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes a pressure monitoring section, a temperature monitoring section, a torque monitoring section, a rudder shaft reciprocation frequency monitoring section, and a leakage monitoring section. The pressure monitoring section and the temperature monitoring section monitor the pressure and temperature of the test medium inside the pressure tank, respectively. The torque monitoring section can monitor the dynamic friction between the dynamic seal of the rudder shaft sealing device and the rudder shaft, as well as the torque caused by the additional resistance of the load device and water pressure. The rudder shaft reciprocation frequency monitoring section is located between the torque monitoring section and the servo drive motor, and monitors the number of rotations and reciprocation frequency of the rudder shaft. The leakage monitoring section can monitor whether the test medium leaks from the pressure tank.

6. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The torque monitoring section consists of torque sensors, the number of which matches the number of steering shafts. One end of each torque sensor is connected to the corresponding servo drive motor via a coupling, and the other end is connected to the end of the steering shaft outside the pressure tank. The steering shaft reciprocation frequency monitoring section consists of a photoelectric displacement sensor module, which includes a slotted photoelectric displacement sensor, a sensor bracket, and a light-shielding plate. The sensor bracket is mounted on the motor stand, and the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor is mounted on the sensor bracket. The light-shielding plate is L-shaped, with its short side fixed to the coupling, so that its long side passes through the slotted photoelectric sensor when rotating with the output shaft of the servo drive motor. The sensor's slot blocks the light beam, thus counting the number of rotations of the rudder shaft and the number of reciprocating motions. The pressure monitoring section includes a pressure transmitter and a pressure gauge, integrated into the pressure pipeline, to determine whether the rudder shaft sealing device is leaking by measuring pressure changes. The temperature monitoring section includes a temperature transmitter and a temperature sensor; the temperature transmitter is integrated into the pressure pipeline, and the temperature sensor is mounted on the pressure tank cover clamp. The leakage monitoring section uses a physical monitoring method, placing a ring of absorbent paper around the rudder shaft near the pressure tank cover clamp on the outside of the pressure tank and inserting a humidity sensor.

7. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating complex environments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control system includes a pressure control section, a temperature control section, and a servo drive motor control section. The pressure control section controls the output pressure of the pressure pipeline through a PLC program. The pressure pipeline includes a pump source module, an accumulator, a shut-off valve, and a check valve. The pump source module is a pressure source used to provide pressure. One end of the pressure pipeline has two valve ports, which are respectively connected to an inlet water tank and a pressure relief water tank. The other end of the pressure pipeline has two valve ports, which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure tank. A pressure relief pipeline with the shut-off valve and a pressure relief port branch off from the pressure pipeline. The pressure of the entire pressure pipeline is controlled by a computer based on the pressure monitored by the pressure monitoring section, which controls the opening of the check valve. The temperature control section includes a cooling pipeline surrounding the pressure tank and a cooling circulator for providing water cooling to the cooling pipeline. The temperature of the test medium inside the pressure tank is controlled by controlling the water temperature and the water cooling circulation speed on the cooling pipeline based on the temperature monitored by the temperature monitoring section.

8. The deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal life verification test device simulating a complex environment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure tank and cooling pipes are wrapped with heat insulation cotton; the servo drive motor control unit controls the speed, angle and start / stop of the servo drive motor through the PLC module according to the torque monitored by the torque monitoring unit.

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