A deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal accelerated life test and test device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ship and underwater vehicle sealing, specifically to an accelerated life testing and evaluation device for deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seals. The device includes a pressure system, a drive system, a monitoring system, and a control system. The pressure system provides the basic conditions required for testing, including pressure, temperature, load, and torque. The drive system is connected to the pressure system and provides the driving force required for testing. The monitoring system is connected to the pressure system and monitors the basic conditions required for testing. The control system is connected to both the pressure system and the drive system for integrated control of the testing and evaluation device. This invention comprehensively simulates the complex operating conditions of rudder shaft seals under high pressure, low temperature, particle and salinity conditions, variable speed, and additional loads and torque, enabling accelerated life testing and evaluation of deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seals under complex conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sealing technology for ships and underwater vehicles, specifically to an accelerated life test and testing device for the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible. Background Technology

[0002] As crucial components of anti-roll devices, the rudder shaft and seals are essential parts of ships and underwater vehicles, and their sealing performance directly affects the reliability of the devices and equipment. To better cope with the complex marine and deep-sea environments, the sealing requirements for anti-roll devices on ships and underwater vehicles are becoming increasingly stringent, and the research and application of anti-roll devices are receiving growing attention. Simultaneously, to better study the performance of rudder shaft and rotary seals and establish relevant testing standards, there is an urgent need to develop a testing system capable of simulating the real-world operating conditions of rudder shaft anti-roll devices on ships and deep-sea underwater vehicles.

[0003] The operating conditions of anti-roll devices for ships and underwater vehicles mainly include: high pressure in the deep sea, low temperature, seawater particles and salinity, variable speed, load force, and torque. High pressure includes pressure pulses caused by pressure fluctuations, which can take various forms such as sine waves, triangular waves, and shock waves. These pressures and pulses directly act as forces on the rudder shaft and sealing structure of the device, generating load and torque on the rudder shaft and seals. Anti-roll fins on ships and underwater vehicles generate reaction forces by adjusting the fin angle to counteract the rolling of waves, stabilizing the hull and reducing the risk of capsizing. Due to the complexity of the deep-sea environment, the environment in which the rudder shaft and its sealing devices operate is even more complex. Therefore, there is an urgent need for experimental devices capable of simulating real-world operating conditions to test the rudder shaft and seals of anti-roll devices.

[0004] Existing technologies rarely include sealing test systems capable of simultaneously simulating multiple stresses and studying complex multi-stress conditions. Most rely on simple pressure and rotational speed as input conditions to study the sealing performance of the seal ring. Existing rotary sealing test systems, especially those for ship rudder shaft seals, fail to comprehensively simulate the actual working conditions of the device under multiple stresses. In particular, rudder shafts are subjected to additional forces such as radial loads and torques from ocean waves and deep-sea pressure during operation. These forces all act on the rudder shaft's seal ring. Prolonged operation in harsh environments inevitably leads to a decline in the performance of the seal ring. When the pressure reaches a critical point, leakage will occur at the sealing point, severely corroding and damaging the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a sealing test device for the rudder shaft seal (hereinafter referred to as rudder shaft seal) of the anti-roll device of ships and underwater vehicles, which simulates the real complex environment of the deep sea. In particular, it can simulate the working conditions of the rudder shaft seal under additional load force, torque and high pressure, and provide a reliable device for the performance degradation of the rudder shaft seal under complex environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a test and testing device for accelerated life testing of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible, comprising a pressure system, a drive system, a monitoring system, and a control system;

[0007] The pressure system is used to provide the basic conditions required for testing and evaluation, including pressure, temperature, load, and torque.

[0008] The drive system is connected to the pressure system to provide the driving force required for testing and experimentation.

[0009] The monitoring system is connected to the pressure system and is used to monitor the basic conditions required for testing and experimentation.

[0010] The control system is connected to the pressure system and the drive system respectively, and is used for the integrated control of the test and measurement device.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the pressure system includes a pressure tank for storing the test medium, a cooling pipeline for cooling water temperature, a load device for providing load and torque, and a rudder shaft sealing structure;

[0012] The cooling pipes are wrapped around the pressure tank to cool the test medium stored in the pressure tank; the load device and the rudder shaft sealing structure are installed inside the pressure tank, the load device is used to provide load force and torque to the rudder shaft; the rudder shaft sealing structure is used to achieve the seal between the rudder shaft and the pressure tank.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the pressure tank includes a pressure tank body, a pressure tank cover clamp, a pressure tank base, and a pressure tank cover clamp base, wherein the pressure tank body is a single container, the upper end of the pressure tank body is provided with a water inlet and a vent, and the lower end is provided with a water outlet;

[0014] The pressure tank base and the pressure tank cover clamp base are fixed on the test platform and are used to support the pressure tank body and the pressure tank cover clamp, respectively; the upper end of the pressure tank base is fixedly connected to the pressure tank body; the upper end of the pressure tank cover clamp base is fixedly connected to the pressure tank cover clamp.

[0015] This design reduces material costs and manufacturing complexity while maintaining the strength of the base and lid clamps. All metal components of the pressure tank are made of stainless steel or processed using corrosion-resistant techniques.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that the cooling pipes surround the pressure tank and cool the pressure tank and the internal test medium through water cooling circulation; the cooling pipes and the outside of the pressure tank are also wrapped with heat insulation cotton.

[0017] By wrapping the pressure tank and cooling pipes with heat insulation cotton, the influence of the external ambient temperature on the tank is reduced, while ensuring the stability of the internal temperature.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that a rudder shaft sealing structure is provided inside the pressure tank body. The rudder shaft sealing structure includes a sealing seat, a rudder shaft, a static O-ring seal, and a dynamic O-ring seal. The sealing seat is sealed to the pressure tank cover clamp by the static O-ring seal, and the rudder shaft is sealed to the sealing seat by the dynamic O-ring seal.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that: a load device is provided inside the pressure tank body, the load device including a spring clamp column for fixing the spring, a rudder shaft sleeve mounted on the rudder shaft, a roller fixing plate fixed on the rudder shaft sleeve, and a pair of rollers and a spring;

[0020] One end of the spring clamp column is fixed to the pressure tank cover clamp by a high-strength corrosion-resistant bolt and is placed horizontally inside the pressure tank. A square rudder shaft sleeve is rotatably installed on the rudder shaft part inside the pressure tank. Rollers are fixed by pins and bolts to a roller fixing plate. The roller fixing plate is fixed to the side of the square rudder shaft sleeve with bolt holes by bolts. The spring is also fixed to the side of the spring clamp column with bolt holes by bolts. The rollers and springs are located between the rudder shaft sleeve and the spring clamp column. When the rudder shaft rotates, it will drive the rudder shaft sleeve and the rollers on it to rotate together. At the same time, the rollers will periodically contact the upper end face of the spring, thereby providing load force and torque to the rudder shaft.

[0021] All parts of the load device, except for the compression spring, are made of stainless steel. The compression spring is made of 38CrMoAl material and is integrally formed by heat treatment, which has good corrosion resistance, good elasticity, and high fatigue strength. The wheel surface of the roller adopts a planar structure and makes line contact with the compression spring, which greatly reduces the stress concentration on the compression spring. The size of the roller is related to the height, thickness, and length of the compression spring, as well as the number of compression springs installed on the rollers of the rudder shaft sleeve and the compression spring clamp column. It can be matched and combined according to the load force or torque required for the test.

[0022] The invention is further configured such that: the drive system includes a servo drive motor, a single diaphragm coupling, and a motor stand; the bottom of the motor stand is fixed on the test platform, the servo drive motor is horizontally fixed on the upper surface of the motor stand, the output shaft of the servo drive motor is connected to one end of the torque sensor of the monitoring system through the single diaphragm coupling, the servo drive motor transmits power to the torque sensor and then to the rudder shaft, causing the rudder shaft to rotate in a single line or reciprocate according to the setting, and the servo drive motor dissipates heat through its own heat sink when operating at high speed.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that the monitoring system includes a pressure monitoring section, a temperature monitoring section, a torque monitoring section, a steering shaft reciprocating frequency monitoring section, and a leakage monitoring section.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that: the pressure monitoring part includes a pressure transmitter and a pressure gauge, and the pressure transmitter and pressure gauge are integrated into the pressure transmission pipeline.

[0025] High-precision pressure transmitters and pressure gauges monitor the pressure of the medium inside the tank. Since water is an incompressible medium, abnormal and sudden drops in pressure can be used to determine whether there is leakage or even seepage at the seal.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that: the temperature monitoring part includes a temperature transmitter and a threaded temperature sensor, the temperature transmitter is integrated into the pressure delivery pipeline to monitor the temperature of the medium inside the tank, and the threaded temperature sensor is installed on the cover surface of the pressure tank cover clamp to monitor the temperature of the medium near the seal.

[0027] The present invention is further configured such that: the torque monitoring part includes a torque sensor, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the servo drive motor via a single diaphragm coupling, and the other end is connected to one end of the rudder shaft passing through the pressure tank cover clamp.

[0028] The torque source is the torque generated by the non-eliminable dynamic friction between the dynamic seal in the sealing seat and the rudder shaft, as well as the torque generated by the additional resistance of the load device and water pressure. The torque monitoring part obtains data in real time to monitor and determine whether there is any abnormality at the seal, thereby indirectly obtaining the performance status of the seal.

[0029] The present invention is further configured such that: the rudder shaft reciprocation number monitoring part includes a photoelectric displacement sensor module, which realizes the monitoring of the rudder shaft reciprocation number by the photoelectric displacement sensor module set between the torque sensor and the servo drive motor; the photoelectric displacement sensor module consists of a slotted photoelectric sensor, a sensor bracket and a light shield, the slotted photoelectric sensor is installed on the sensor bracket of the motor frame fixed by bolts or C-type clamps, the light shield is L-shaped and its short side is fixed to the shaft wall of the motor output shaft and fixed to the coupling, so that the long side passes through the slot of the slotted photoelectric sensor and blocks the light beam in the slot when rotating with the motor shaft, thereby realizing the counting of the number of rotations of the rudder shaft and the counting of the number of reciprocation cycles during the reciprocating motion.

[0030] When there are three slotted photoelectric sensors in the module, the light shield can sweep across the slot of the photoelectric displacement sensor once when it rotates with the servo drive motor shaft. That is, the positions of the three sensors are on a circle with the axis as the center and the long side of the light shield as the radius. When the starting position of the reciprocating motion is known, the photoelectric displacement sensor in the middle position can be placed on the light shield at that position and the light shield can sweep across the slot. Similarly, the other two photoelectric displacement sensors are adjusted and fixed according to the reciprocating motion angle, which can limit the angle of the rudder shaft that is reciprocating. When the rudder shaft rotates beyond the set angle due to abnormal conditions, the photoelectric displacement module can limit it.

[0031] The invention is further configured such that the leakage monitoring part adopts a physical monitoring method. A ring of absorbent paper is placed on the rudder shaft near the sealing seat on the outside of the pressure tank cover clamp, and a humidity sensor is inserted. When an abnormality occurs at the seal or the seal fails, the absorbent paper can absorb the leaked liquid and monitor the humidity change. When the test medium is not transparent, the color of the absorbent cotton can be used to determine whether leakage has occurred, or the humidity sensor can be used to determine the seal failure by a sudden increase in humidity.

[0032] The present invention is further configured such that the control system includes a pressure control section, a temperature control section, and a motor control section;

[0033] The pressure control section is located on the pressure pipeline. The pressure output of the pipeline is controlled by a PLC program. The pressure pipeline includes a pump source module, an accumulator, a shut-off valve, a check valve, a water storage tank, and a small computer. The pump source module is a pressure source used to provide pressure, consisting of a servo motor and a plunger pump. The pressure pipeline is equipped with a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter, and a mechanical pressure gauge. One end of the pipeline has two valve ports connected to the inlet water storage tank and an external water storage tank for pressure relief, respectively. The other end has two valve ports connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure tank, respectively. A pressure relief pipeline with a shut-off valve and a pressure relief port branches off from the pipeline loop. The pressure of the entire loop can be precisely controlled by the computer-controlled servo motor.

[0034] The temperature control section includes a cooling circulator connected to cooling pipes; the motor control section controls the speed, angle, and start / stop of the servo drive motor via a PLC module.

[0035] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] This invention fills the gaps in related experiments and overcomes the shortcomings of existing related experimental systems. It can comprehensively simulate the complex working conditions of the rudder shaft seal under high pressure, low temperature, medium particles and salinity, variable speed and additional load and torque. In particular, it is designed with a load device that can provide load and torque, so that the equipment can better simulate the real working conditions of the rudder shaft seal.

[0037] The invention achieves deep-sea pressure simulation of the rudder shaft seal under different pressures and pressure fluctuations (0~20MPa range) through a pressure and pressure control system; it achieves temperature simulation within the range of 5~20℃ by controlling the required temperature through a cooling circulation system; it achieves arbitrary speed change and rotation by driving the rudder shaft through a servo motor; and it monitors the operating status of the test system through various types of sensors such as pressure, temperature, torque, humidity, and photoelectric displacement, as well as a monitoring camera, which greatly and effectively improves the rigor, diversity, and reliability of the test. By adapting to different canister cap clamps, the invention can be tested on more types of seals.

[0038] This invention features ease of use, stable operation, accurate testing, and long service life, and can measure the performance of various types of sealing rings. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 is an overall diagram of the test system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the test system structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the system device and the connections between the components of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the tankless device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 is an external schematic diagram of the pressure tank cover clamp of the pressure system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 is an internal schematic diagram of the pressure system portion of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the steering shaft and sealing device in the pressure system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal load device structure of the pressure system of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the pressure system control module of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 10 is a front view of the arrangement of the rudder shaft photoelectric displacement module of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 is a top view of the arrangement of the rudder shaft photoelectric displacement module of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the test method of the present invention.

[0052] In the attached figures, the meanings of the various reference numerals are as follows:

[0053] 1. Pressure system; 2. Drive system; 3. Monitoring system; 4. Control system;

[0054] 5. Internal structure of the pressure tank; 6. Load structure device; 11. Water-cooled hose; 12. Pressure tank body; 13. Pressure tank cover clamp; 14. Torque sensor; 15. Coupling; 16. Servo motor; 17. Motor stand; 18. Torque sensor bracket; 19. Canister cover clamp support; 20. Tank body support; 21. Bearing cap; 22. Canister cover clamp outer boss; 23. Rudder shaft sleeve; 24. Compression spring clamp column; 25. Rudder shaft; 26. Sealing seat; 27. Roller fixing plate; 28. Roller; 29. ​​Compression spring; 30. Photoelectric displacement module base; 31. Photoelectric displacement module support rod; 32. Photoelectric displacement module crossbar support; 33. Groove-type photoelectric displacement sensor; 34. Light shield; 35. Motor shaft;

[0055] 101. Through hole in the bottom plate of the can lid clamp; 102. Through hole in the motor stand; 103. Through hole for fixing the motor; 104. Single diaphragm coupling one; 105. Single diaphragm coupling two; 106. Threaded hole for the lifting eyelet at the top of the can lid clamp; 107. Through hole for connecting the can lid clamp to the can body; 108. Threaded hole for fixing the compression spring; 109. Radial through hole for the rudder shaft; 110. Radial through hole for the rudder shaft sleeve; 111. Through hole for fixing the compression spring;

[0056] 201. Filter; 202. Pressure relief water tank; 203. Pipeline throttle valve; 204. Pressure relief valve; 205. Temperature transmitter; 206. Pressure transmitter; 207. Pressure holding valve; 208. Mechanical pressure gauge; 209. Shut-off valve; 210. Accumulator; 211. Pipeline check valve; 212. Servo motor pump; 213. External booster water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0059] Example

[0060] like Figures 1-12As shown, this is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a test device for accelerated life testing of rudder shaft seals of deep-sea submersibles, which solves the problem that current tests on rudder shaft seals of ships and underwater vehicles lack multi-stress environments, monitoring, and comprehensive reliability testing.

[0061] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention includes a pressure system 1, a drive system 2, a monitoring system 3, and a control system 4 according to the location layout and system function distribution. The entire system can comprehensively simulate the complex deep-sea environment, meet the multi-stress condition test of the rudder shaft seal under complex working conditions, and each working condition can be loaded independently or simultaneously.

[0062] As attached Figures 2-4 As shown, the pressure system 1 not only provides pressure, but its comprehensive nature enables it to provide functions such as pressure, temperature, load and torque, salinity and particle detection. It includes a high-pressure vessel that provides pressure, mainly composed of a pressure tank body 12 and a pressure tank cover clamp 13; a water-cooled hose 11 wound around the pressure tank body 12 for raising and lowering the temperature of the high-pressure vessel and the test medium; and a load device located inside the pressure tank body 12, consisting of a load structure device 6 and a compression spring clamp column 24, which provides load force and torque. The drive system 2 includes a high-power and high-torque servo motor 16, a motor stand 17 supporting the motor, and a single-diaphragm key coupling 15 for connecting the motor output shaft and the torque sensor 14. The coupling 15 includes a single-diaphragm coupling one 104 and a single-diaphragm coupling two 105. The monitoring system includes a pressure transmitter 206, a mechanical pressure gauge 208, a temperature transmitter 205, and a torque sensor 14 integrated on the pressure control cabinet pipeline; the control system 4 includes motor control and pressure control, which are integrated on their respective control boxes and do not affect each other.

[0063] As attached Figure 3As shown, the pressure system 1 and drive system 2 are arranged on the same straight line. When machining workpieces such as the motor stand 17, torque sensor bracket 18, and can lid clamp support 19, which significantly affect the system's levelness, it is essential to ensure the accuracy of their drawing parameters and high machining precision to avoid misalignment during assembly and subsequent rework. When assembling the entire system, it is crucial to ensure that the system's axis is on the same straight line. This can be assisted by using an infrared level or other tools and instruments capable of measuring axis alignment. The motor stand 17 in drive system 2 has four rows of equally spaced, varying numbers of motor stand through holes 102, providing adjustable space for the servo motor 16 and other equipment parts. The torque sensor 14 is fixed to its torque sensor bracket 18, which is then fixed to the motor stand 17. The single diaphragm coupling 104 is connected to the servo motor 16. After alignment using auxiliary instruments, the fixed motor through hole 103 and the motor stand through hole 102 are secured with bolts. Similarly, after the pressure tank part of the pressure system 1 and the drive system 2 are aligned, the single diaphragm coupling 105 is connected. Then, the tank body support 20 and the tank cover clamp support 19 are fixed with bolts. The tank cover clamp base plate through hole 101 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base plate with the tank cover clamp support 19 as the base plate, which improves the stability of the device. During the construction, the pressure tank can be lifted and installed by installing the lifting ring through the threaded hole 106 of the top lifting ring of the pressure tank cover clamp 13 above and on the side.

[0064] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the internal structure 5 of the pressure tank in part 1 of the pressure system has a load device that provides load and torque.

[0065] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the pressure tank cover clamp 13 has a through hole 107 around it for connecting the pressure tank cover clamp and the tank body. The pressure tank cover clamp 13 and the pressure tank body 12 can be fixed together by bolts. The pressure tank cover clamp 13 has a boss 22 on the outside. On the one hand, it can reduce the depth of the pressure tank body 12 and reduce its weight. On the other hand, it can increase the strength of the pressure tank cover clamp 13. The pressure tank cover clamp 13 has a bearing cover 21 on the outside that can hold the thrust bearing in place. This can prevent the rudder shaft 25 from moving outward due to excessive water pressure in the pressure tank. The thrust bearing cover 21 can be fixed to the threaded hole of the boss on the outside of the pressure tank cover clamp 13 by bolts.

[0066] As attached Figure 6 As shown, the rudder shaft 25 and the sealing seat are fixed inside the outer boss 22 of the can lid clamp. At the same time, the spring clamp column 24 is also placed horizontally inside the outer boss 22 of the can lid clamp by high-strength stainless steel bolts. The rudder shaft sleeve 23 passes through the rudder shaft 25. Below the rudder shaft sleeve 23 is the load structure device 6. The more load structure devices 6 there are, the less stress each roller and spring will bear, and the more durable and reliable the device will be.

[0067] As attached Figure 7 As shown, the rudder shaft 25 mates with the sealing seat 26. The sealing seat 26 can be designed with grooves to install a sealing ring that forms a dynamic seal with the rudder shaft 25. The sealing seat 26 can also be designed with grooves to install a sealing ring that forms a static seal with the tank cover clamp hole wall. In this embodiment, this method allows for the study of both static and dynamic sealing performance after the experiment. The rudder shaft 25 is mounted on a stepped shaft inside the pressure tank, with a radial through hole 109 machined on it. This radial through hole 109 can engage with the radial through hole 110 of the rudder shaft sleeve 23 via a pin or a long stainless steel bolt, allowing the rudder shaft sleeve 23 to rotate with the rudder shaft 25 and also providing axial restraint. Additionally, the sealing seat needs to contain a radial bearing and a thrust bearing. The rudder shaft is subjected to load and torque, resulting in radial force. The radial bearing prevents the rudder shaft from bending due to radial force. When there is significant pressure inside the pressure tank, axial force is generated in the rudder shaft's axial direction. The thrust bearing, under the action of its bearing cap 21, prevents the rudder shaft from shifting outwards.

[0068] As attached Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the structure, installation, and function of a single load structure device 6 are explained using this example. In this embodiment, different load forces and torques are achieved by adjusting the compression springs 29 of different thicknesses or heights, the roller fixing plates 27 of different thicknesses, and the rollers of different sizes. The use of dual rollers allows the rudder shaft to be subjected to load forces or torques multiple times during unidirectional or reciprocating rotation, improving efficiency. Furthermore, the flat rollers reduce stress concentration at the contact points between the wheel surface and the compression spring, ensuring the reliability and service life of the device. The installation method is the same. The double rollers are installed on the roller fixing plate 27 with bolts. Then the roller fixing plate 27 is fixed on the rudder shaft sleeve 23 with bolts. In this embodiment, the rudder shaft sleeve 23 is equipped with 8 sets of load structure devices 6. Then the compression spring 29 is installed. First, the compression spring near the pressure tank cover clamp 13 is installed. The compression spring is placed between the positioning grooves of the compression spring clamp column 24. The positioning groove can ensure that the compression spring 29 and the compression spring clamp column 24 are in a perpendicular state. Then, the compression spring 29 is fixed in the compression spring fixing through hole 111 of the compression spring clamp column 24 with large diameter bolts. In this embodiment, the compression spring fixing through hole 111 and the bolts that cooperate with it are all of large diameter. There is a stainless steel washer with the same width and length as the compression spring under the bolt, which can ensure that the force at the bottom of the compression spring is uniform. After installation, the rudder shaft 25 can be rotated to check whether the roller 28 and the compression spring 29 are in good contact. Lubricant can also be applied to the roller 28 and the compression spring 29 to reduce rolling friction.

[0069] As attached Figure 9As shown, the pressure module providing the pressure source for pressure system 1 has a circuit including an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe includes an external pressurized water tank 213, a filter 201 for filtering impurities in the water in the external pressurized water tank 213, a servo motor pump 212 providing water pressure power (composed of a servo motor and a plunger pump), a pipeline check valve 211 and a pressure holding valve 207, and a mechanical pressure gauge 208. A branch line is provided on the inlet pipe with an accumulator 210 and a shut-off valve 209 to supplement the pressure of the inlet pipe. The outlet pipe has an external pressure relief water tank 202 for storing the test medium during pressure relief, a pipeline throttle valve 203 and a pressure relief valve 204, a temperature transmitter 205 and a pressure transmitter 206. In the design, the pipeline throttle valve 203 and the pressure relief valve 204 are used together to control the pressure relief rate, especially under high pressure, to prevent liquid from spraying out at the pressure relief port and improve test safety.

[0070] As attached Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the photoelectric displacement module is viewed from the axial perspective of the rudder shaft. The module position is flexible and can be installed according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, it is installed near the motor on the side of the motor shaft 35. The three sets of slotted photoelectric displacement sensors 33 are passed through the photoelectric displacement module support rod 31 in sequence through the photoelectric displacement module crossbar support 32. The photoelectric displacement module support rod 31 is fixed on the photoelectric displacement module base 30. The position of the photoelectric displacement module base 30, the height and extension length of the photoelectric displacement module support rod 31 are adjusted to ensure that the light shield 34 can pass through the slot of the photoelectric displacement sensor when rotating with the motor shaft 35 and can block the infrared light in the slot from touching the sensor. After adjusting the position of all parts, tighten each bolt. The photoelectric displacement module base 30 can be fixed by a tiger-shaped clamp or other pressure plate.

[0071] As attached Figure 11 As shown, from the top view of the photoelectric displacement module, it can be seen that the module is perpendicular to the motor shaft, and one end of the light shield 34 fixed on the motor shaft 35 can bypass the slot of the slotted photoelectric displacement sensor 33.

[0072] The implementation process of this invention:

[0073] As attached Figure 12 As shown, before the test, it is necessary to determine the test input object and the test sample. Based on the relevant testing and sealing standards and specifications, determine the stress level achievable on the test platform and the test time and cycle. Also, determine whether the sealing design of the rudder shaft or other device under test can be compatible with... Figure 5The workpiece that fits into the pressure tank cover fixture 13 can be installed on the pressure tank cover fixture 13, or a similar tank cover fixture can be designed according to the sealing position of the actual equipment mounted on the test device and can be matched with the tank body. The main design part is the outer boss 22 structure of the tank cover fixture. The pressure tank body 12 has machined grooves on the table surface to place the sealing ring, so it is not necessary to machine grooves on the tank cover fixture. Unless the pressure is very high, a boss can be designed inside the tank cover fixture to machine grooves to place the sealing ring and form a static seal with the inner wall of the tank.

[0074] As attached Figure 4 As shown in the overall system structure diagram, the entire system is assembled and installed from right to left. First, the drive system is assembled and aligned before placing the pressure tank cover clamp 13. After aligning the pressure tank cover clamp 13 with the torque sensor shaft, the tank cover clamp support 19 is fixed. The rudder shaft 25 is connected to the shaft of the torque sensor 14 using a coupling. The rudder shaft and sealing seat are installed into the holes of the tank cover clamp. The compression spring clamp column 24 is horizontally assembled in the tank cover clamp. Finally, the rudder shaft sleeve 23, which has already been fitted with rollers, is fitted onto the rudder shaft. Align the radial through hole 109 on the rudder shaft with the radial through hole 110 on the rudder shaft sleeve 23, insert the pin or long bolt into the radial through hole 110 to fix the rudder shaft sleeve 23, and then place the compression spring 29 in sequence starting from the side closest to the pressure tank cover clamp 13, and fix it to the compression spring fixing through hole 111 on the compression spring clamp column 24 with bolts. Rotate the rudder shaft to check whether the roller and the compression spring are in good contact and whether they match the design state, and complete the installation of the internal device of the pressure system.

[0075] Completed as attached Figure 4 After the steps shown, place the pressure tank 12 horizontally and mate it with the pressure tank cover clamp 13. Secure both with bolts through the tank cover clamp and the tank body connection through hole 107, and fix the tank body support 20. The entire system is now basically assembled. Connect the inlet and outlet connectors of the pressure hose to the threaded holes machined on the tank body. Before testing, water can be introduced as the pressure medium inside the pressure tank. Pressurize to a certain pressure to check for leaks. After identifying and fixing any leaks, proceed with the formal test.

[0076] Depending on the test medium, the test medium can be added via a small pump from the inlet or by pressurizing the pressure tank. When pressurizing the medium into the pressure tank with a small pump, stop adding the test medium when liquid flows out of the vent. Connect the inlet hose and plug the vent with a plug. Similarly, when adding the test medium into the pressure tank using a pressure tank, stop adding liquid when liquid flows out of the outlet, and then plug the internally threaded vent with a threaded plug. When loading the test medium and pressurizing, the throttle valve 203 and pressure relief valve 204 of the pressure relief pipeline need to be closed to prevent the test medium from flowing out. At the start of the pressure test, set the pressure on the pressure control cabinet computer, open the one-way valve 211 and the shut-off valve 209 of the inlet pipeline. After starting, the servo motor drives the plunger pump. Pressure control is achieved by controlling the motor speed. The pressure control system will pressurize according to the set pressure. A pressure gradient can also be set. After the first stage pressure is held for a period of time, the equipment automatically enters the second stage for pressurization and pressure holding. When pressure relief is required upon reaching the test time, it can be achieved quickly or slowly by using the pipeline throttle valve 203 in conjunction with the pressure relief valve 204. Simultaneously, this pressure module is designed with a pressure replenishment function. When the pressure replenishment switch is turned on, and the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure has dropped below the set value, the program can control the motor to increase the pressure. The pressure will stop once it recovers. Since temperature has a significant impact on pressure, the pressure will decrease as the temperature drops. This function ensures that the pressure remains constant at the set value during cooling.

[0077] The motor control of the drive system can be parameter-set via the motor control cabinet. During testing, there are two operating conditions: unidirectional rotation and reciprocating rotation. For unidirectional rotation, the speed and time can be set; for reciprocating rotation, the forward and reverse rotation angles, speed, and time can be set. During unidirectional rotation testing, a low speed can be set initially and then gradually increased to prevent damage to the motor shaft and rudder shaft from high speeds at startup. Similarly, for reciprocating rotation, a small angle and low speed can be set initially and then gradually increased.

[0078] After adjusting the system pressure and rudder shaft rotation, the pressure, temperature, torque, and number of rotation cycles can be viewed in real time through the monitoring system. Leakage and its amount can be monitored using absorbent paper and humidity monitoring at the rudder shaft seal. The entire system is convenient to use, stable in operation, accurate in testing, and has a long service life. It can test the performance of various types of sealing rings, demonstrating the significant technical advantages of this invention.

[0079] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. All modifications and equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea submersible rudder shaft seal accelerated life test and test device, characterized in that, This includes pressure systems, drive systems, monitoring systems, and control systems; The pressure system is used to provide the basic conditions required for testing and evaluation, including pressure, temperature, load, and torque. The drive system is connected to the pressure system to provide the driving force required for testing and experimentation. The monitoring system is connected to the pressure system and is used to monitor the basic conditions required for testing and experimentation. The control system is connected to the pressure system and the drive system respectively, and is used for the integrated control of the test and measurement device; The pressure system includes a pressure tank, a load device, and a rudder shaft sealing structure; The pressure tank includes a pressure tank body, a pressure tank cover clamp, a pressure tank base, and a pressure tank cover clamp base; The pressure tank is equipped with a load device, which includes a spring clamp column for fixing the spring, a rudder shaft sleeve mounted on the rudder shaft, a roller fixing plate fixed on the rudder shaft sleeve, and a pair of rollers and a spring. One end of the spring clamp column is fixed to the pressure tank cover clamp by a high-strength corrosion-resistant bolt and is placed horizontally inside the pressure tank. A square rudder shaft sleeve is rotatably installed on the rudder shaft part inside the pressure tank. Rollers are fixed by pins and bolts to a roller fixing plate. The roller fixing plate is fixed to the side of the square rudder shaft sleeve with bolt holes by bolts. The spring is also fixed to the side of the spring clamp column with bolt holes by bolts. The rollers and springs are located between the rudder shaft sleeve and the spring clamp column. When the rudder shaft rotates, it will drive the rudder shaft sleeve and the rollers on it to rotate together. At the same time, the rollers will periodically contact the upper end face of the spring, thereby providing load force and torque to the rudder shaft.

2. The accelerated life test and test device for rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure system also includes cooling pipes; The cooling pipes are wrapped around the pressure tank to cool the test medium stored in the pressure tank; the load device and the rudder shaft sealing structure are installed inside the pressure tank, the load device is used to provide load force and torque to the rudder shaft; the rudder shaft sealing structure is used to achieve the seal between the rudder shaft and the pressure tank. The pressure tank is a single container, with an inlet and an outlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom. The pressure tank base and the pressure tank cover clamp base are fixed on the test platform and are used to support the pressure tank body and the pressure tank cover clamp, respectively; the upper end of the pressure tank base is fixedly connected to the pressure tank body; the upper end of the pressure tank cover clamp base is fixedly connected to the pressure tank cover clamp.

3. The device for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling pipes are wrapped around the pressure tank and the pressure tank and the test medium inside are cooled by water cooling circulation; the cooling pipes and the outside of the pressure tank are also wrapped with heat insulation cotton. The pressure tank body is equipped with a rudder shaft sealing structure, which includes a sealing seat, a rudder shaft, a static O-ring seal, and a dynamic O-ring seal. The sealing seat is sealed to the pressure tank cover clamp by the static O-ring seal, and the rudder shaft is sealed to the sealing seat by the dynamic O-ring seal.

4. The device for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive system includes a servo drive motor, a single diaphragm coupling, and a motor stand. The bottom of the motor stand is fixed on the test platform, and the servo drive motor is horizontally fixed on the upper surface of the motor stand. The output shaft of the servo drive motor is connected to the monitoring system through the single diaphragm coupling. The servo drive motor transmits power to the torque sensor and then to the rudder shaft, causing the rudder shaft to rotate in a single line or reciprocate according to the settings.

5. The apparatus for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes a pressure monitoring section, a temperature monitoring section, a torque monitoring section, a steering shaft reciprocating frequency monitoring section, and a leakage monitoring section; The pressure monitoring section includes a pressure transmitter and a pressure gauge, which are integrated into the pressure transmission pipeline.

6. The apparatus for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring section includes a temperature transmitter and a threaded temperature sensor. The temperature transmitter is integrated into the pressure delivery pipeline to monitor the temperature of the medium inside the tank, and the threaded temperature sensor is installed on the pressure tank cover clamp to monitor the temperature of the medium near the seal.

7. The apparatus for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 5, characterized in that, The torque monitoring section includes a torque sensor, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the servo drive motor via a single diaphragm coupling, and the other end passes through one end of the rudder shaft of the pressure tank cover clamp.

8. The apparatus for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rudder shaft reciprocation count monitoring section includes a photoelectric displacement sensor module. The photoelectric displacement sensor module, which is set between the torque sensor and the servo drive motor, enables the monitoring of the rudder shaft reciprocation count. The photoelectric displacement sensor module consists of a slotted photoelectric sensor, a sensor bracket, and a light-shielding plate. The slotted photoelectric sensor is mounted on the sensor bracket of the motor frame, which is fixed by bolts or a C-type clamp. The light-shielding plate is L-shaped, with its short side fixed to the shaft wall of the motor output shaft and fixed to the coupling. When the long side rotates with the motor shaft, it passes through the slot of the slotted photoelectric sensor and blocks the light beam in the slot, thereby counting the number of rotations of the rudder shaft and the number of reciprocation cycles during the reciprocating motion.

9. The apparatus for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 5, characterized in that, The leakage monitoring part adopts a physical monitoring method. A ring of absorbent paper is placed on the rudder shaft near the sealing seat on the outside of the pressure tank cover clamp, and a humidity sensor is inserted. When there is an abnormality or failure of the seal, the absorbent paper can absorb the leaked liquid and monitor the humidity change. When the test medium is not transparent, the color of the absorbent cotton can be used to determine whether leakage has occurred, or the humidity sensor can be used to determine the seal failure by a sudden increase in humidity.

10. The apparatus for accelerated life testing and measurement of the rudder shaft seal of a deep-sea submersible according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control system includes a pressure control section, a temperature control section, and a motor control section; The pressure control section is located on the pressure pipeline. The pressure output of the pipeline is controlled by a PLC program. The pressure pipeline includes a pump source module, an accumulator, a shut-off valve, a check valve, a water storage tank, and a small computer. The pump source module is a pressure source used to provide pressure, consisting of a servo motor and a plunger pump. The pressure pipeline is equipped with a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter, and a mechanical pressure gauge. The water storage tank includes an inlet water storage tank and an external water storage tank. Two valve ports at one end of the pipeline are connected to the inlet water storage tank and the external water storage tank for pressure relief, respectively. Two valve ports at the other end are connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure tank, respectively. A pressure relief pipeline with a shut-off valve and a pressure relief port branch off from the pipeline loop. The pressure of the entire loop is precisely controlled by the computer-controlled rotation of the servo motor. The temperature control section includes a cooling circulator connected to the cooling pipeline; the motor control section controls the speed, angle, and start / stop of the servo drive motor via a PLC module.

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