Elastic suspension device and suspension system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an elastic suspension device and a suspension system, and relates to the technical field of aerospace engineering test equipment.The elastic suspension device comprises a fixing assembly, a compression assembly and a spring assembly, the top of the fixing assembly is used for being connected with an external hoisting structure, and the compression assembly is in sliding connection relative to the fixing assembly; the bottom of the compression assembly is connected with a to-be-tested product; the spring assembly is restrained between the fixing assembly and the compression assembly, and the spring assembly is provided with a plurality of spring sets arranged in a rectangular array; when the to-be-tested product is hoisted, the to-be-tested product drives the compression assembly to move downwards relative to the fixing assembly, each spring set between the compression assembly and the fixing assembly is compressed, and the to-be-tested product is elastically hoisted. In the embodiment of the invention, by adopting a plurality of spring group structures arranged in a rectangular array, the safety risk of low bearing capacity and non-uniform stress of a traditional suspension single point is effectively solved, the uniformity of load distribution is ensured, and the safety and reliability of a modal test of a large aircraft are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace engineering test equipment technology, and in particular to an elastic suspension device and suspension system. Background Technology

[0002] The modal characteristics of an aircraft directly affect its control stability, dynamic load, and flight safety. Obtaining parameters such as mode shape, frequency, and damping ratio through modal testing on the ground is a crucial step in aircraft development. To accurately simulate the free-free boundary, testing standards require that the natural frequency of the suspension system must be lower than 1 / 5 of the first-order frequency of the test product.

[0003] For medium and large aircraft, whose mass can reach tens of tons, the traditional spring rope suspension method has low single-point load-bearing capacity and uneven stress at various points, which poses a high safety risk. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an elastic suspension device and suspension system to solve the technical problems of low single-point bearing capacity, uneven force distribution at various points, and high safety risks in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an elastic suspension device, comprising: A fixing component, the top of which is used for connection to an external hoisting structure; A compression assembly, which is slidably connected relative to the fixing assembly, and the bottom of the compression assembly is used to connect with the product to be tested; A spring assembly constrained between the fixing component and the compression component, the spring assembly comprising a plurality of spring groups arranged in a rectangular array; When the product to be tested is lifted, the product to be tested causes the compression assembly to move downward relative to the fixing assembly, compressing each of the spring groups therebetween.

[0006] In some embodiments, the fixing component includes: Fixing plate; A plurality of first links corresponding one-to-one with each of the spring groups, each first link being perpendicularly inserted through the fixed plate, and each spring group being sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding first link and disposed on the fixed plate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the compression component includes: A compression plate, which is slidably sleeved on a plurality of first connecting rods, and the compression plate is located above the spring assembly; The second link is fixedly connected to the compression plate, and the bottom end of the second link is used to connect to the product to be tested.

[0008] In some embodiments, the fixing component further includes: An upper adapter plate is disposed on top of a plurality of first connecting rods, and the top of the upper adapter plate is used to connect with the external hoisting structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, The upper adapter plate is detachably mounted on top of the plurality of first connecting rods.

[0010] In some embodiments, the upper adapter plate includes: The adapter plate body is disposed on top of a plurality of first connecting rods; A hanging plate is provided on the top of the adapter plate body, and the hanging plate is provided with a lifting hole for connecting with the external lifting structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, Each spring assembly includes multiple spring units connected in series, and each spring unit includes multiple disc springs connected in parallel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outer surface of each disc spring is provided with a friction-reducing coating.

[0013] In some embodiments, the suspension frequency of the spring assembly is calculated using the following formula: Where M is the suspended load mass of the spring assembly, This is the mass correction factor for the spring assembly. The weight of the spring assembly is [the weight of the spring assembly]. The stiffness of the spring assembly is given.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an elastic suspension system, including the aforementioned elastic suspension device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include: This invention provides an elastic suspension device and system. The elastic suspension device includes a fixed component, a compression component, and a spring component. The top of the fixed component is connected to an external hoisting structure. The compression component is slidably connected relative to the fixed component, and its bottom is connected to the product under test. The spring component is constrained between the fixed component and the compression component, and has multiple spring groups arranged in a rectangular array. When the product under test is hoisted, the product under test causes the compression component to move downward relative to the fixed component, compressing each spring group and elastically suspending the product under test. In this invention, by employing a structure of multiple spring groups arranged in a rectangular array, the safety risks of low single-point load-bearing capacity and uneven force distribution in traditional suspension are effectively solved. The concentrated load is distributed to multiple spring groups for collaborative bearing. Through a matrix layout and a unified compression component, synchronous and equal compression of each spring group is achieved, fundamentally avoiding single-point overload or off-center load. This improves the load-bearing capacity while ensuring the uniformity and stability of load distribution, significantly improving the safety and reliability of modal testing of large aircraft. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an elastic suspension device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a spring assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper adapter plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a disc spring assembly method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional dimensions of a disc spring provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the natural frequency of the suspension device and the load it bears, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure label: 1. Fixing component; 11. Fixing plate; 12. First connecting rod; 13. Upper adapter plate; 131. Adapter plate body; 132. Hanging plate; 1321. Lifting hole.

[0018] 2. Compression assembly; 21. Compression plate; 22. Second connecting rod; 3. Spring assembly; 31. Spring group; 311. Spring unit; 3111. Disc spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention provides an elastic suspension device and suspension system to solve the technical problems of low single-point bearing capacity, uneven force distribution at various points, and high safety risks in related technologies.

[0021] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides an elastic suspension device, which includes a fixing component 1, a compression component 2, and a spring component 3. The top of the fixing component 1 is used to connect with an external hoisting structure, the compression component 2 is slidably connected relative to the fixing component 1, and the bottom of the compression component 2 is used to connect with the product to be tested. The spring component 3 is constrained between the fixing component 1 and the compression component 2, and the spring component 3 is provided with a plurality of spring groups 31 arranged in a rectangular array. When the product to be tested is hoisted, the product to be tested causes the compression component 2 to move downward relative to the fixing component 1, compressing each of the spring groups 31 therebetween, thereby elastically suspending the product to be tested. In this embodiment of the invention, by employing a structure of multiple spring groups 31 arranged in a rectangular array, the safety risks of low single-point load-bearing capacity and uneven force distribution in traditional suspension are effectively solved. The concentrated load is distributed to multiple spring groups 31 to be borne collaboratively. Through a matrix layout and a unified compression component 2, the synchronous and equal compression of each spring group 31 is achieved, fundamentally avoiding single-point overload or off-center load. While improving the load-bearing capacity, it ensures the uniformity and stability of load distribution, significantly improving the safety and reliability of modal testing of large aircraft.

[0022] This invention provides an elastic suspension device, which includes a fixing component, a compression component, and a spring component. In this embodiment, by employing a multiple spring groups arranged in a rectangular array, the safety risks of low single-point load-bearing capacity and uneven stress distribution in traditional suspension systems are effectively solved. The concentrated load is distributed across multiple spring groups for collaborative bearing. Through a matrix layout and a unified compression component, synchronous and equal compression of each spring group is achieved, fundamentally avoiding single-point overload or uneven loading. This improves load-bearing capacity while ensuring the uniformity and stability of load distribution, significantly enhancing the safety and reliability of modal testing for large aircraft.

[0023] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the fixing assembly 1 includes a fixing plate 11 and a plurality of first connecting rods 12 corresponding one-to-one with each of the spring groups 31. Each first connecting rod 12 is vertically inserted through the fixing plate 11, and each spring group 31 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding first connecting rod 12 and disposed on the fixing plate 11. In this embodiment of the invention, the fixing assembly 1 formed by the fixing plate 11 and the plurality of first connecting rods 12 ensures that each spring group 31 deforms uniformly and without lateral instability when compressed, thereby significantly improving the load-bearing capacity and safety of the entire suspension device.

[0024] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the compression assembly 2 includes a compression plate 21 and a second connecting rod 22. The compression plate 21 is slidably sleeved on a plurality of first connecting rods 12, and the compression plate 21 is located above the spring assembly 3. The second connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected to the compression plate 21, and the bottom end of the second connecting rod 22 is used to connect to the product under test. In this embodiment of the invention, when bearing a load, the compression plate 21 can slide smoothly down along the first connecting rod 12, uniformly and synchronously transmitting the load to each spring assembly 31 below, effectively avoiding jamming or wear caused by uneven loading, thereby improving the stability and service life of the suspension device; moreover, by centrally transmitting the load through the second connecting rod 22, the product interface is simplified, making the entire suspension device more precise and reliable in operation while achieving large-tonnage elastic support.

[0025] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the fixing component 1 also includes an upper adapter plate 13, which is disposed on the top of the plurality of first connecting rods 12. The top of the upper adapter plate 13 is used for connection with the external hoisting structure. In this embodiment of the invention, the upper adapter plate 13 is provided on the top of the first connecting rod 12, constructing a layered load-bearing and connection frame. This effectively separates the first connecting rod 12 from the fixing plate 11 and the upper adapter plate 13 used for external connection, improving the structural rigidity and load distribution uniformity of the top of the suspension device. It avoids the risk of hoisting force directly acting on a single first connecting rod 12, while providing an installation foundation, improving the convenience and reliability of connection with the external hoisting structure, and making the layout of the core elastic adjustment components at the bottom of the device more independent and compact.

[0026] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, the upper adapter plate 13 is detachably disposed on top of the plurality of first connecting rods 12. In this embodiment of the invention, the upper adapter plate 13 and the plurality of first connecting rods 12 are designed to be detachably connected, which greatly improves the modularity and flexibility of the device, provides convenient operating space for adjusting or maintaining the lower spring assembly 3 and fixing plate 11, and enhances the adaptability and maintenance convenience of the entire suspension device to different test scenarios.

[0027] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 As shown, the upper adapter plate 13 includes an adapter plate body 131 and a hanging plate 132. The adapter plate body 131 is located on top of the plurality of first connecting rods 12, and the hanging plate 132 is located on top of the adapter plate body 131. The hanging plate 132 has a lifting hole 1321 for connecting with the external lifting structure. In this embodiment of the invention, the adapter plate body 131 and the hanging plate 132 with the lifting hole 1321 achieve precise division and optimization of functional modules. The adapter plate body 131 is reliably connected to the first connecting rods 12 and distributes the load, while the hanging plate 132 provides a standard and robust lifting interface. The structure is compact, the connection is stable, and the reliability of the suspension device is improved.

[0028] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The left side shows a disc spring without a support surface, while the right side shows a disc spring with a support surface. Figure 4From left to right, the spring groups represent series connection, parallel connection, and composite connection. Each spring group 31 has multiple spring units 311 connected in series, and each spring unit 311 has multiple disc springs 3111 connected in parallel. In this embodiment of the invention, each spring group 31 has a composite layout, enabling flexible adjustment of the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the suspension device. The parallel connection of disc springs 3111 within the spring unit 311 significantly improves the single-stage load-bearing capacity, while the series connection of multiple spring units 311 greatly increases the total deformation. Thus, while ensuring support for large tonnage loads, it effectively reduces the natural frequency of the entire suspension device, creating a more ideal testing environment for modal testing of large aircraft. As an example, the disc springs 3111 in this application are Class B disc springs with an outer diameter of 56mm, an inner diameter of 28mm, and a mass of 0.0287kg for a single disc spring 3111. Each spring unit 311 includes three disc springs 3111 connected in parallel. Each spring group 31 consists of four spring units 311 connected in series, with a total mass of 4.1328 kg. Each spring group 31 has a load-bearing capacity of 5.2 t. The spring assembly 3 composed of eight spring groups 31 can meet the test requirements of a single-point load of 40 t and a suspension frequency of 0.3 Hz, thereby realizing accurate measurement of modal tests for large aircraft.

[0029] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, each disc spring 3111 has an anti-friction coating on its outer surface. In this embodiment, the anti-friction coating on the outer surface of each disc spring 3111 effectively reduces the coefficient of friction between the contact surfaces of the disc springs 3111 during compression deformation, reduces the frictional resistance and hysteresis effect inside the spring assembly 31, makes the actual load-deformation curve of the spring assembly 31 more linear and stable, improves the consistency of the stiffness characteristics of the suspension device, and provides more accurate and reliable boundary simulation conditions for modal testing.

[0030] As an optional implementation, in one embodiment of the invention, the suspension frequency formula (1) of the spring assembly 3 is: Where M is the suspended load mass of the spring assembly 3. This is the mass correction factor for the spring assembly 3. The weight of the spring assembly 3 is [the weight of the assembly]. The stiffness of the spring assembly 3.

[0031] The formula (2) for the load-displacement relationship of a single disc spring 3111 is:

[0032] In the formula, F is the load of the single disc spring 3111, E is the elastic modulus, μ is Poisson's ratio, t is the thickness of the disc spring 3111, x is the deformation of the single disc spring 3111, and D is the outer diameter of the disc spring 3111. This represents the deformation of disc spring 3111 when compressed. , The constant of the single disc spring is 3111, which satisfies formula (3), i.e.:

[0033] In the formula, C is the ratio of the outer diameter D to the inner diameter d. , The parameters of the disc spring are constant, satisfying formula (4), i.e.:

[0034] In the formula, To reduce the thickness of the disc spring.

[0035] The stiffness K of the single disc spring 3111 is calculated using formulas (2), (3), and (4), and is given by formula (5):

[0036] Each spring group 31 consists of i sets of paired and stacked (i.e., series-connected) spring units 311. Each set of paired and stacked spring units 311 includes n disc springs 3111 stacked in the same direction. The total load of each spring group 31 is determined according to the calculation formula for composite disc springs. and deformation amount Satisfying formula (6):

[0037] In the formula, This represents the total load-bearing capacity of each spring assembly 31 without considering friction. The total deformation for each spring group 31.

[0038] Considering the friction between the disc springs, a coefficient of friction is introduced to correct the total load on each spring group 31, thus determining the bearing capacity of the disc springs. :

[0039] In formula (7), The coefficient of friction between the conical surfaces of the disc spring; Stiffness of a single spring assembly 31 Satisfying formula (8):

[0040] The spring assembly 3 is formed by j sets of spring groups 31. Based on the load and stiffness of each spring group 31 in the above formula, the total load borne by the spring assembly 3 is obtained. and corresponding stiffness :

[0041] In formula (9), j is the number of spring groups.

[0042] The suspension frequency of the spring assembly 3 satisfies formula (1):

[0043] In formula (1), M is the suspension load mass of the spring assembly 3 (taken as 40t). This is the mass correction factor for the spring assembly 3 (usually taken as 1 / 3). The weight is the weight of the spring assembly 3.

[0044] Based on the above formula, taking a suspension load of 30t~40t as an example, the relationship between the suspension load and the natural frequency in this application is determined, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 .

[0045] The number of spring groups 31 and the number of individual disc springs 3111 in each spring group 31 can be flexibly adjusted according to the quality of the test product and the inherent frequency requirements of the system to meet the modal testing requirements of large-volume, large-mass aircraft.

[0046] This invention also provides an elastic suspension system, which includes the aforementioned elastic suspension device. The elastic suspension device includes a fixing component 1, a compression component 2, and a spring component 3. The top of the fixing component 1 is used to connect with an external hoisting structure. The compression component 2 is slidably connected relative to the fixing component 1, and the bottom of the compression component 2 is used to connect with the product to be tested. The spring component 3 is constrained between the fixing component 1 and the compression component 2, and the spring component 3 has a plurality of spring groups 31 arranged in a rectangular array. When the product to be tested is hoisted, the product to be tested causes the compression component 2 to move downward relative to the fixing component 1, compressing each of the spring groups 31 therebetween, thus elastically suspending the product to be tested. In this embodiment of the invention, by employing a structure of multiple spring groups 31 arranged in a rectangular array, the safety risks of low single-point load-bearing capacity and uneven force distribution in traditional suspension are effectively solved. The concentrated load is distributed to multiple spring groups 31 to be borne collaboratively. Through a matrix layout and a unified compression component 2, the synchronous and equal compression of each spring group 31 is achieved, fundamentally avoiding single-point overload or off-center load. While improving the load-bearing capacity, it ensures the uniformity and stability of load distribution, significantly improving the safety and reliability of modal testing of large aircraft.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] It should be noted that in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A flexible suspension device, characterized in that, include: A fixing component (1), the top of which is used to connect to an external hoisting structure; Compression component (2), which is slidably connected relative to the fixing component (1), and the bottom of the compression component (2) is used to connect with the product to be tested; A spring assembly (3) is constrained between the fixing assembly (1) and the compression assembly (2), and the spring assembly (3) includes a plurality of spring groups (31) arranged in a rectangular array. When the product to be tested is lifted, the product to be tested causes the compression assembly (2) to move downward relative to the fixing assembly (1), compressing each of the spring groups (31) therebetween.

2. The elastic suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component (1) includes: Fixing plate (11); A plurality of first links (12) are corresponding one-to-one with each of the spring groups (31), each first link (12) is perpendicularly inserted into the fixed plate (11), and each spring group (31) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the corresponding first link (12) and disposed on the fixed plate (11).

3. The elastic suspension device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compression component (2) includes: Compression plate (21), which is slidably sleeved on a plurality of first connecting rods (12), and the compression plate (21) is located above the spring assembly (3); The second link (22) is fixedly connected to the compression plate (21), and the bottom end of the second link (22) is used to connect to the product to be tested.

4. The elastic suspension device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing component (1) further includes: The upper adapter plate (13) is located on the top of the plurality of first connecting rods (12), and the top of the upper adapter plate (13) is used to connect with the external hoisting structure.

5. The elastic suspension device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper adapter plate (13) is detachably disposed on top of the plurality of first connecting rods (12).

6. The elastic suspension device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper adapter plate (13) includes: The adapter plate body (131) is located on top of a plurality of first connecting rods (12); A hanging plate (132) is provided on the top of the adapter plate body (131). The hanging plate (132) is provided with a lifting hole (1321) for connecting with the external lifting structure.

7. The elastic suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each spring assembly (31) includes a plurality of spring units (311) connected in series, and each spring unit (311) includes a plurality of disc springs (3111) connected in parallel.

8. The elastic suspension device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each disc spring (3111) has a friction-reducing coating on its outer surface.

9. The elastic suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension frequency of the spring assembly (3) is calculated using the following formula: Where M is the suspension load mass of the spring assembly (3), This is the mass correction factor for the spring assembly (3). The weight of the spring assembly (3) is its own weight. The stiffness of the spring assembly (3) is given.

10. A flexible suspension system, characterized in that, Includes an elastic suspension device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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