Air duct cooling device of generator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of air duct cooling, and particularly relates to an air duct cooling device of a generator, which comprises a streamline air duct, a flow guide plate, a partition cooling structure and an efficient axial flow fan, and has the beneficial effects that through the design of the streamline air duct, eddy current and hydrodynamic force loss when airflow passes through bending and forking areas are reduced, and the efficiency of the generator is improved. Therefore, uniform distribution and heat exchange efficiency of cooling airflow in the generator are ensured; the multiple layers of flow guide plates are made of high-temperature-resistant materials, an airflow path is optimized according to fluid dynamics, the heat exchange capacity of air is enhanced, and the cooling effect is effectively improved; the subarea cooling structure adjusts air flow according to heat distribution of different areas of the generator, efficient local cooling is achieved, the heat dissipation effect of the whole generator is improved, and overheating or uneven local cooling is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air duct cooling technology, and more specifically to an air duct cooling device for a generator. Background Technology

[0002] A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It is widely used in various industries and power production fields. During the operation of a generator, a large amount of heat is generated inside the generator. An effective cooling system is needed to maintain the stable operation of the equipment and extend its service life. Traditional generator cooling systems mainly include air duct cooling devices and water cooling devices.

[0003] In related technologies, traditional air duct designs often fail to consider the uniform distribution of cooling airflow inside the generator, resulting in some areas of the generator overheating while other areas are cooled better. This exacerbates local wear and shortens the service life of the equipment. To address this, we propose an air duct cooling device for generators.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the inventive concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a generator duct cooling device to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the traditional duct design usually fails to consider the uniform distribution of cooling airflow inside the generator, resulting in some areas of the generator overheating while other areas are cooled better, which will aggravate local wear of the equipment and shorten its service life.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a generator duct cooling device, comprising...

[0007] The streamlined air duct adopts a streamlined air duct structure to reduce the eddies and hydrodynamic losses generated when the airflow passes through the bending and bifurcation area. By simulating fluid dynamics to optimize the airflow path, the uniform distribution of cooling airflow inside the generator is ensured.

[0008] The air deflector has multiple layers and is made of high-temperature resistant material. It is arranged at a specific angle to optimize the airflow path and enhance the heat exchange capacity of the air.

[0009] The zoned cooling structure sets up zoned cooling in the air duct, and adjusts the cooling air flow according to the heat distribution in different areas of the generator to achieve differentiated cooling and improve the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0010] High-efficiency axial fans are installed at the air duct inlet to provide powerful airflow, ensuring that cooling air quickly enters the air duct system. The fans are driven by brushless motors, reducing energy consumption and improving durability.

[0011] As an optimized technical solution, the design steps of the streamlined air duct are as follows:

[0012] Optimized shape: The air duct adopts a smooth curve transition, avoiding right angles or sharp angles, in order to reduce the vortex and pressure loss generated by the airflow at sharp turns;

[0013] Variation in duct cross-section: The cross-section gradually decreases or changes in segments from the inlet to the outlet to maintain sufficient airflow velocity and improve heat exchange efficiency;

[0014] Surface smoothness: Use low-friction materials or coatings to ensure smooth inner surfaces and reduce frictional losses during airflow.

[0015] As an optimized technical solution, the design steps of the multi-layer guide plate are as follows:

[0016] Location and arrangement: The air deflector is installed at key nodes in the air duct, including air duct corners and airflow distribution points, and is placed at the inlet and middle of the generator's cooling area to guide the airflow to be evenly distributed;

[0017] Deflector shape: The deflector adopts an arc or airfoil structure, which helps to smoothly guide the airflow and reduce the formation of vortices. The curvature design of the deflector is optimized according to the simulation results of fluid dynamics to ensure that the pressure drop is minimized when the airflow passes through. The deflector is fixed to the air duct by reinforcing ribs to resist the impact of airflow and maintain stability.

[0018] Multi-layer design: Multiple layers of guide vanes are arranged in an alternating pattern to create a uniformly distributed airflow layer along the airflow path. The first layer of guide vanes distributes the airflow, while subsequent layers adjust the direction and speed of the airflow.

[0019] As an optimized technical solution, the partitioned cooling structure includes:

[0020] Zone partitioning: The air duct is equipped with partitions to divide the air duct into multiple independent zones, each zone corresponding to a different heat load zone within the generator;

[0021] Regulating valves: Adjustable airflow valves are installed at the inlet of each zone. The valves are controlled by an automatic control system to adjust the airflow in each zone based on real-time temperature sensor data.

[0022] Sensors: Temperature sensors are installed at different parts of the generator to transmit temperature information to the control system in real time;

[0023] The partitioned cooling steps are as follows:

[0024] S1: The control system determines the temperature of each area of ​​the generator based on sensor data;

[0025] S2: Automatic regulating valves control the airflow in each zone to ensure that high-temperature areas receive more airflow while low-temperature areas maintain basic cooling;

[0026] S3: The deflector and multi-layer structure ensure that the airflow is evenly distributed in all areas, avoiding local overcooling or overheating.

[0027] As an optimized technical solution, the steps for simulated fluid dynamics optimization design of streamlined air ducts are as follows:

[0028] Step 1: Establishing the geometric model of the air duct:

[0029] CAD Modeling: Design the preliminary duct geometry using 3D modeling software, such as SolidWorks, AutoCAD, or CATIA. The structure includes the inlet, outlet, bends, and the location of the baffles.

[0030] Parametric design: Ensure the model is parametric so that the size and shape of the air duct can be quickly adjusted during subsequent optimization;

[0031] Step 2: Set the computational domain and mesh generation:

[0032] Meshing: The air duct is meshed using simulated fluid dynamics tools, such as ANSYS Fluent, OpenFOAM, or COMSOL Multiphysics. Unstructured or hybrid meshes are preferred, and finer meshes are used at bends and complex structures to improve computational accuracy.

[0033] Mesh quality control: Ensure good mesh quality, requiring a Schuler number < 0.3, avoid overstretched meshes, and guarantee computational convergence;

[0034] Step 3: Set boundary conditions:

[0035] Inlet boundary conditions: Set the airflow velocity or flow rate at the duct inlet, and use velocity inlet or pressure inlet conditions;

[0036] Exit boundary conditions: Pressure outlet conditions are adopted to ensure that the airflow can flow freely at the outlet;

[0037] Wall conditions: The inner wall of the air duct adopts a no-slip boundary condition to simulate the actual interaction between air and the wall.

[0038] Step 4: Selection of fluid properties and turbulence model:

[0039] Fluid characteristics: Set air as the cooling medium and input its density and viscosity;

[0040] Turbulence model: Select an appropriate turbulence model, such as the k-ε model (suitable for most engineering applications) or the k-ωSST model (suitable for predicting the complexity of the fluid boundary layer and eddies);

[0041] Steady-state or transient analysis: Select steady-state or transient analysis according to requirements. Steady-state analysis is used for preliminary design, while transient analysis is used to analyze time-dependent complex flows.

[0042] Step 5: Simulation and Convergence:

[0043] Solution process: Start the solver to perform calculations and iteratively solve the Navier-Stokes equations until the residuals (such as continuity, momentum, energy, etc.) reach the convergence criterion (such as <1e-6). The residuals include continuity, momentum, and energy, and the convergence criterion includes <1e-6.

[0044] Monitoring parameters: Real-time monitoring of pressure drop, velocity distribution, and turbulence intensity parameters in the calculation;

[0045] Step 6: Result Analysis and Optimization

[0046] Results visualization: Use the post-processing function of the simulation fluid dynamics software to view the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence field, and analyze streamline diagrams and velocity vector diagrams to identify whether the airflow distribution is uniform, whether there is turbulence and airflow dead zones;

[0047] Design optimization: Adjust the duct geometry based on the results, including by reducing the curvature of sharp turns, optimizing the angle and shape of the deflectors, and repeating the simulation until the optimal design is achieved.

[0048] As an optimized technical solution, it also includes a noise reduction component, which includes a sound wave diffuser. The sound wave diffuser is set at the outlet of the air duct to avoid concentrated propagation of airflow noise. The inner wall of the air duct and the surface of the outer shell are made of high-density sound-absorbing material, which effectively reduces the noise of airflow impact and fan operation.

[0049] As an optimized technical solution, it also includes a control system, which includes an intelligent controller and a remote monitoring module. The intelligent controller integrates temperature, airflow and pressure sensors using an embedded controller to monitor the generator's operating status in real time and adjust the working status of the fan and cooling system based on the data. The remote monitoring module enables remote monitoring and operation through a wireless connection module, facilitating preventive maintenance and troubleshooting of the system.

[0050] As an optimized technical solution, a spray cooling device is also included. A spray cooling device is added to the air duct to significantly reduce the temperature in a short time under high temperature conditions. The device achieves rapid cooling by absorbing heat through the evaporation of tiny droplets.

[0051] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0052] The streamlined airflow design reduces eddies and hydrodynamic losses as airflow passes through bends and bifurcation areas, ensuring uniform distribution of cooling airflow and efficient heat exchange within the generator. Multi-layered guide vanes, made of high-temperature resistant materials, optimize airflow paths based on fluid dynamics, enhancing heat exchange and effectively improving cooling. A zoned cooling structure adjusts airflow according to the heat distribution in different areas of the generator, achieving efficient localized cooling and improving overall generator heat dissipation, preventing overheating or uneven cooling. A high-efficiency axial fan combined with a brushless motor reduces energy consumption and improves system durability. Furthermore, simulated fluid dynamics optimize the airflow design, reducing airflow losses and further lowering energy consumption. The use of acoustic diffusers and high-density sound-absorbing materials effectively reduces airflow impact and fan noise, improving the generator's noise environment. An intelligent control system and remote monitoring module monitor temperature, airflow, and pressure in real time, automatically adjusting fan and cooling system operation based on data to enhance system reliability and stability. Remote operation also facilitates preventative maintenance and troubleshooting. A spray cooling device rapidly cools the generator under high temperatures through the evaporation of tiny droplets, making it suitable for sudden high-temperature situations. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a structural connection block diagram of a generator duct cooling device provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a simulated fluid dynamics diagram of the air duct pressure and velocity analysis of a generator air duct cooling device provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a simulated fluid dynamics diagram of the velocity distribution inside the air duct of a generator cooling device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 , 2 A generator duct cooling device, comprising

[0060] The streamlined air duct adopts a streamlined air duct structure to reduce the eddies and hydrodynamic losses generated when the airflow passes through the bending and bifurcation area. By simulating fluid dynamics to optimize the airflow path, the uniform distribution of cooling airflow inside the generator is ensured.

[0061] The air deflector has multiple layers and is made of high-temperature resistant material. It is arranged at a specific angle to optimize the airflow path and enhance the heat exchange capacity of the air.

[0062] The zoned cooling structure sets up zoned cooling in the air duct, and adjusts the cooling air flow according to the heat distribution in different areas of the generator to achieve differentiated cooling and improve the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0063] High-efficiency axial fans are installed at the air duct inlet to provide powerful airflow, ensuring that cooling air quickly enters the air duct system. The fans are driven by brushless motors, reducing energy consumption and improving durability.

[0064] As an optimized technical solution, the design steps for a streamlined air duct are as follows:

[0065] Optimized shape: The air duct adopts a smooth curve transition, avoiding right angles or sharp angles, in order to reduce the vortex and pressure loss generated by the airflow at sharp turns;

[0066] Variation in duct cross-section: The cross-section gradually decreases or changes in segments from the inlet to the outlet to maintain sufficient airflow velocity and improve heat exchange efficiency;

[0067] Surface smoothness: Use low-friction materials or coatings to ensure smooth inner surfaces and reduce frictional losses during airflow.

[0068] As an optimized technical solution, the design steps of a multi-layer deflector are as follows:

[0069] Location and arrangement: The air deflector is installed at key nodes in the air duct, including air duct corners and airflow distribution points, and is placed at the inlet and middle of the generator's cooling area to guide the airflow to be evenly distributed;

[0070] Deflector shape: The deflector adopts an arc or airfoil structure, which helps to smoothly guide the airflow and reduce the formation of vortices. The curvature design of the deflector is optimized according to the simulation results of fluid dynamics to ensure that the pressure drop is minimized when the airflow passes through. The deflector is fixed to the air duct by reinforcing ribs to resist the impact of airflow and maintain stability.

[0071] Multi-layer design: Multiple layers of guide vanes are arranged in an alternating pattern to create a uniformly distributed airflow layer along the airflow path. The first layer of guide vanes distributes the airflow, while subsequent layers adjust the direction and speed of the airflow.

[0072] As an optimized technical solution, the partitioned cooling structure includes:

[0073] Zone partitioning: The air duct is equipped with partitions to divide the air duct into multiple independent zones, each zone corresponding to a different heat load zone within the generator;

[0074] Regulating valves: Adjustable airflow valves are installed at the inlet of each zone. The valves are controlled by an automatic control system to adjust the airflow in each zone based on real-time temperature sensor data.

[0075] Sensors: Temperature sensors are installed at different parts of the generator to transmit temperature information to the control system in real time;

[0076] The partitioned cooling process is as follows:

[0077] S1: The control system determines the temperature of each area of ​​the generator based on sensor data;

[0078] S2: Automatic regulating valves control the airflow in each zone to ensure that high-temperature areas receive more airflow while low-temperature areas maintain basic cooling;

[0079] S3: The deflector and multi-layer structure ensure that the airflow is evenly distributed in all areas, avoiding local overcooling or overheating.

[0080] In this embodiment, the steps for performing simulated fluid dynamics optimization design of the streamlined air duct are as follows:

[0081] Step 1: Establishing the geometric model of the air duct:

[0082] CAD Modeling: Design the preliminary duct geometry using 3D modeling software, such as SolidWorks, AutoCAD, or CATIA. The structure includes the inlet, outlet, bends, and the location of the baffles.

[0083] Parametric design: Ensure the model is parametric so that the size and shape of the air duct can be quickly adjusted during subsequent optimization;

[0084] Step 2: Set the computational domain and mesh generation:

[0085] Meshing: The air duct is meshed using simulated fluid dynamics tools, such as ANSYS Fluent, OpenFOAM, or COMSOL Multiphysics. Unstructured or hybrid meshes are preferred, and finer meshes are used at bends and complex structures to improve computational accuracy.

[0086] Mesh quality control: Ensure good mesh quality, requiring a Schuler number < 0.3, avoid overstretched meshes, and guarantee computational convergence;

[0087] Step 3: Set boundary conditions:

[0088] Inlet boundary conditions: Set the airflow velocity or flow rate at the duct inlet, and use velocity inlet or pressure inlet conditions;

[0089] Exit boundary conditions: Pressure outlet conditions are adopted to ensure that the airflow can flow freely at the outlet;

[0090] Wall conditions: The inner wall of the air duct adopts a no-slip boundary condition to simulate the actual interaction between air and the wall.

[0091] Step 4: Selection of fluid properties and turbulence model:

[0092] Fluid characteristics: Set air as the cooling medium and input its density and viscosity;

[0093] Turbulence model: Select an appropriate turbulence model, such as the k-ε model (suitable for most engineering applications) or the k-ωSST model (suitable for predicting the complexity of the fluid boundary layer and eddies);

[0094] Steady-state or transient analysis: Select steady-state or transient analysis according to requirements. Steady-state analysis is used for preliminary design, while transient analysis is used to analyze time-dependent complex flows.

[0095] Step 5: Simulation and Convergence:

[0096] Solution process: Start the solver to perform calculations and iteratively solve the Navier-Stokes equations until the residuals (such as continuity, momentum, energy, etc.) reach the convergence criterion (such as <1e-6). The residuals include continuity, momentum, and energy, and the convergence criterion includes <1e-6.

[0097] Monitoring parameters: Real-time monitoring of pressure drop, velocity distribution, and turbulence intensity parameters in the calculation;

[0098] Step 6: Result Analysis and Optimization

[0099] Results visualization: Use the post-processing function of the simulation fluid dynamics software to view the velocity field, pressure field and turbulence field, and analyze streamline diagrams and velocity vector diagrams to identify whether the airflow distribution is uniform, whether there is turbulence and airflow dead zones;

[0100] Design optimization: Adjust the duct geometry based on the results, including by reducing the curvature of sharp turns, optimizing the angle and shape of the deflectors, and repeating the simulation until the optimal design is achieved.

[0101] In this embodiment, a detailed analysis of the air duct is provided.

[0102] Preliminary analysis:

[0103] Objective: To analyze in simulation whether the streamlined air duct achieves uniform airflow distribution and reduces turbulence and pressure drop;

[0104] Key areas: The inlet, bends, deflectors and outlet areas of the air duct are the key areas for analysis. The inlet area needs to ensure that the airflow enters evenly, the bends need to reduce eddies, the deflectors should guide the airflow to be evenly distributed, and the outlet should maintain a stable airflow speed.

[0105] Calculation results:

[0106] Velocity distribution: If the simulated fluid dynamics results show that the local flow velocity is too low or too high in the curved or guide vane region, it is necessary to adjust the geometric parameters, such as the guide vane angle and position;

[0107] Pressure loss: Analyze the pressure drop within the duct. If the pressure loss is too large, the cross-sectional transition design of the inlet and outlet should be optimized.

[0108] Turbulence intensity: Check the turbulence intensity distribution map to ensure that there is no excessive turbulence in the bend and guide vane areas. If the turbulence intensity is high, further optimization of the shape and streamline design of the guide vane should be considered.

[0109] Optimization and adjustments:

[0110] Adjust the angle of the guide vane: Make small adjustments (e.g., 5-10 degrees) to the angle of the guide vane in the simulated fluid dynamics model to verify the effect on the flow field improvement;

[0111] Curvature optimization: If strong turbulence occurs at the bend, reducing the radius of curvature can help reduce fluid separation;

[0112] Iterative simulation: After each geometric modification, the simulated fluid dynamics analysis is rerun until a balance is reached between cooling efficiency and pressure loss;

[0113] 3. Final result verification:

[0114] Uniform airflow: Observe the airflow in the duct through the streamline diagram. The ideal result is that the airflow is evenly distributed and the flow velocity is stable in the duct.

[0115] Low turbulence and drag: Ensure that the turbulence intensity and pressure loss in the final design are within acceptable limits to meet cooling requirements;

[0116] Detailed calculation process:

[0117] Velocity field calculation: The velocity distribution of airflow in the duct is calculated using the Navier-Stokes equations and turbulence models. For turns and deflector positions in the duct, the velocity gradient is analyzed to determine whether airflow separation or turbulence increase occurs.

[0118] Pressure field calculation: Combining the momentum equation and the continuity equation, solve the pressure field inside the air duct, check for significant pressure loss, and make design adjustments.

[0119] Temperature field simulation: For air ducts with optimized heat exchange, the temperature field distribution is solved using the energy equation to evaluate the cooling efficiency of each part of the air duct.

[0120] Among them: the continuity equation (mass conservation):

[0121] This equation states that in a passive fluid system, fluid mass is conserved. For duct design, this equation ensures that the mass of the incoming and outgoing airflow is balanced at any cross-section;

[0122] ρ: fluid density velocity vector Mass flow rate;

[0123] Momentum conservation equation (Navier-Stokes equation):

[0124]

[0125] This equation describes the momentum change of fluid particles, taking into account inertial forces, pressure gradients, viscous forces, and external forces. When applied to air ducts, this equation is used to calculate the velocity field and pressure distribution at various points in the air duct.

[0126] p: fluid pressure, μ: dynamic viscosity External forces (such as gravity);

[0127] k-ε turbulence model:

[0128] The equations describe the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy k and turbulent dissipation rate ∈, respectively. By solving these two equations, the simulation fluid dynamics tool can predict the turbulence intensity and energy dissipation in the duct.

[0129] G k : The generation term of turbulent kinetic energy, μ t : Turbulent viscosity, C 1∈ C 2∈ : Empirical constant;

[0130] If heat exchange within the airflow within the duct needs to be considered, the energy equation is used:

[0131]

[0132] The equation describes the temperature distribution changes of the fluid, taking into account convection and heat conduction effects. When used in duct design, this equation helps predict the temperature field and heat transfer efficiency in different areas of the duct.

[0133] Cp: ​​Specific heat capacity of the fluid, T: Temperature, k: Thermal conductivity, Φ: Viscous dissipation term;

[0134] For example, in a duct with two 90-degree bends and baffles, simulated fluid dynamics results can show:

[0135] Airflow separation and turbulence zones may form at bends. The intensity of turbulence in these zones can be reduced by adjusting the angle and radius of curvature of the deflector.

[0136] The presence of the deflector redirects the airflow, making the flow more uniform and thus optimizing cooling efficiency.

[0137] Specifically, it also includes noise reduction components, including a sound diffuser. The sound diffuser is placed at the outlet of the air duct to avoid concentrated propagation of airflow noise. The inner wall of the air duct and the surface of the outer shell are made of high-density sound-absorbing material, which effectively reduces the noise of airflow impact and fan operation.

[0138] It also includes a control system, which includes an intelligent controller and a remote monitoring module. The intelligent controller integrates temperature, airflow and pressure sensors using an embedded controller to monitor the generator's operating status in real time and adjust the working status of the fan and cooling system based on the data. The remote monitoring module enables remote monitoring and operation through a wireless connection module, facilitating preventive maintenance and troubleshooting of the system.

[0139] It also includes a spray cooling device, which is added to the air duct to significantly reduce the temperature in a short time under high temperature conditions. The device achieves rapid cooling by absorbing heat through the evaporation of tiny droplets.

[0140] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air duct cooling arrangement for an electrical generator, characterised in that: Comprising Streamlined air duct, using streamlined air duct structure, reducing the vortex and fluid dynamic loss generated when air flow through the curved bifurcation area, optimizing the air flow path through fluid dynamics simulation, ensuring the uniform distribution of cooling air flow in the generator; Deflector, the deflector is provided with multiple layers, the deflector is made of high temperature resistant material, and the air flow path is optimized by specific angle arrangement to enhance the heat exchange capacity of air; Zoning cooling structure, zoning cooling is provided in the air duct, the cooling air flow is adjusted according to the heat distribution of different areas of the generator, differential cooling is realized, and the overall heat dissipation effect is improved; High efficiency axial flow fan, high efficiency axial flow fan is installed at the entrance of the air duct, strong air flow is provided, and cooling air is ensured to enter the air duct system quickly. The fan is driven by a brushless motor, which reduces energy consumption and improves durability.

2. A wind tunnel cooling arrangement for an electrical generator as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The design steps of the streamlined air duct are as follows: Optimized shape: the air duct adopts smooth curve transition to avoid right angle or acute angle structure, so as to reduce the vortex and pressure loss generated by air flow in sharp turn; Air duct cross section change: the cross section gradually decreases or changes in sections from the inlet to the outlet, so that the air flow maintains sufficient flow rate and improves heat exchange efficiency; Surface smoothness: low friction material or coating is used to ensure smooth inner surface and reduce friction loss when air flows.

3. A wind tunnel cooling arrangement for an electrical generator as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The design steps of the multi-layer deflector are as follows: Position arrangement: the deflector is installed at the key nodes in the air duct, including the air duct corner and air flow distribution point, and is placed at the entrance and middle part of the cooling area of the generator to guide the uniform distribution of air flow; Deflector shape: the deflector adopts arc or airfoil structure, which helps to smoothly guide air flow and reduce vortex formation. The curvature of the deflector is designed according to the simulation results of fluid dynamics simulation to ensure that the pressure drop is minimized when the air flow passes through. The deflector is fixed with the air duct by reinforcing ribs to resist air flow impact and maintain stability; Multi-layer design: the multi-layer deflector is arranged in staggered manner to create evenly distributed air flow layers on the air flow path. The first layer of deflector distributes air flow, and the subsequent layers adjust the flow direction and speed of air flow.

4. A cooling arrangement for the air ducts of an electrical generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zoning cooling structure comprises: Zoning partition: a partition plate is arranged in the air duct to divide the air duct into multiple independent areas, each area corresponding to a different heat load area in the generator; Adjustable valve: adjustable air flow valve is arranged at the inlet of each area, which is controlled by automatic control system to adjust the air flow of each area according to real-time temperature sensor data; Sensor: temperature sensors are installed at different parts of the generator to transmit temperature information to the control system in real time; The zoning cooling steps are as follows: S1: the control system judges the temperature of each area of the generator through sensor data; S2: automatically adjust the valve to control the air flow of each zone to ensure that the high temperature area gets more air flow and the low temperature area remains basically cooled; S3: the deflector and multi-layer structure ensure the uniform distribution of air flow in each area to avoid local overcooling or overheating.

5. A cooling arrangement for the air ducts of an electrical generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of simulating fluid dynamics optimization design of streamlined air duct are as follows: Step 1: air duct geometric model establishment: CAD modeling: Use a 3D modeling software to design the preliminary air duct geometry, using one of SolidWorks, AutoCAD, or CATIA. The structure includes the inlet, outlet, curved sections, and the position of the guide vanes. Parameterization: Ensure that the model is parameterized to quickly adjust the size and shape of the air duct during subsequent optimization processes. Step 2: Set up the computational domain and meshing: Meshing: Use a simulation fluid dynamics tool to mesh the air duct, using one of ANSYS Fluent, OpenFOAM, or COMSOL Multiphysics. Prefer unstructured or hybrid meshes, and use denser meshes in curved and complex structures to improve calculation accuracy. Mesh quality control: Ensure good mesh quality, with a Skalinder number <0.3, to avoid excessively stretched meshes and ensure convergence. Step 3: Set up boundary conditions: Inlet boundary conditions: Set the air velocity or flow rate at the inlet of the air duct, using a velocity inlet or pressure inlet condition. Outlet boundary conditions: Use a pressure outlet condition to ensure free flow at the outlet. Wall conditions: Use a no-slip boundary condition for the inner walls of the air duct to simulate the interaction between the actual air and the walls. Step 4: Fluid properties and turbulence model selection: Fluid properties: Set air as the cooling medium and input its density and viscosity. Turbulence model: Choose an appropriate turbulence model, using one of the k-ε model (suitable for most engineering applications) or the k-ω SST model (suitable for predicting the complexity of fluid boundary layers and vortices). Steady or transient analysis: Choose steady-state analysis for preliminary design or transient analysis for time-dependent complex flow, as needed. Step 5: Simulation calculation and convergence: Solution process: Start the solver to calculate and iteratively solve the Navier-Stokes equation set until the residual (such as continuity, momentum, energy, etc.) reaches the convergence criteria (such as <1e-6). Residuals include continuity, momentum, and energy, and convergence criteria include <1e-6. Monitor parameters: Monitor pressure drop, flow rate distribution, and turbulence intensity parameters in real time during calculation. Step 6: Result analysis and optimization: Result visualization: Use the post-processing function of the simulation fluid dynamics software to view the velocity field, pressure field, and turbulence field, and analyze the streamline and velocity vector diagrams to identify whether the air flow distribution is uniform, whether there is turbulence and air flow dead zone. Design optimization: Adjust the air duct geometry based on the results, including reducing the curvature of sharp turns, optimizing the angle and shape of the guide vanes, and repeating the simulation until the optimal design is achieved.

6. A cooling arrangement for the air ducts of an electrical generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a noise reduction component, which includes a sound wave diffuser set at the outlet of the air duct to avoid concentrated propagation of air flow noise, and the inner wall and outer shell surface of the air duct are made of high-density sound-absorbing materials to effectively reduce noise during air flow impact and fan operation.

7. A wind tunnel cooling arrangement for an electrical generator as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: It also includes a control system, which includes an intelligent controller and a remote monitoring module, the intelligent controller integrates temperature, airflow and pressure sensors with embedded controllers, real-time monitoring of the operating state of the generator, and adjusting the working state of the fan and cooling system according to the data, the remote monitoring module realizes remote monitoring and operation through the wireless connection module, which is convenient for preventive maintenance and troubleshooting of the system.

8. A cooling arrangement for the air ducts of an electrical generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spray cooling device, which is added in the air duct to significantly reduce the temperature in a short time under high temperature conditions. This device realizes rapid cooling through the heat absorption of micro-droplet evaporation.

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