Circuit board back drilling equipment and back drilling process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses circuit board back drilling equipment and a back drilling process thereof, and relates to the technical field of circuit board back drilling processing, the equipment comprises a supporting frame, a drill bit and a positioning clamping mechanism used for positioning and fixing a circuit board, and further comprises an automatic centering air-blowing chip removing mechanism and an auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism; the automatic centering air-blowing scrap removing mechanism comprises a centering air nozzle and an automatic avoiding mechanism. The centering air tap is axially aligned with the drill bit, the centering air tap can conveniently face a hole subjected to back drilling treatment of the drill bit, in the descending process of the drill bit, the centering air tap can avoid by means of the automatic avoiding mechanism, descending of the drill bit is prevented from being affected, and after the drill bit ascends, the centering air tap can automatically reset to face the hole. Therefore, strong airflow can be conveniently generated to directly and effectively act on the interior of the hole, scraps generated in the hole are effectively blown out from top to bottom, meanwhile, the scraps can be pumped away from the bottom through the auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism, hole cleaning is effectively carried out after back drilling operation, follow-up cleaning work is reduced, and the production and machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit board back drilling technology, and particularly to a circuit board back drilling device and its back drilling process. Background Technology

[0002] Back-drilling of circuit boards is a secondary drilling method that drills holes that have already been prepared on the front side of the circuit board and have undergone copper plating treatment from the back side. The diameter of the hole drilled on the back side is larger than the original hole diameter, which makes it easier to remove excess copper that is not conducive to signal transmission.

[0003] Existing circuit board back drilling equipment typically involves first fixing the circuit board on the drilling table, then controlling the drill bit to move and align it to the corresponding position, drilling to a certain depth based on system parameter settings, and then raising the drill bit to process the next position.

[0004] The shortcomings of existing circuit board back drilling equipment are as follows: Although existing back drilling equipment can complete back drilling with high precision, some debris will be generated during the back drilling process, such as debris from the circuit board itself and copper metal debris. This debris needs to be cleaned to avoid affecting the subsequent back drilling of other areas. Existing back drilling equipment mainly relies on a ring of vacuum suction holes on the pressure foot above the drill bit to directly suction the debris around the hole. However, simple negative pressure suction is difficult to suck out the debris deep in the hole, resulting in a mediocre debris cleaning effect. Further deep cleaning is required afterward, which affects the overall production and processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit board back drilling device and its back drilling process, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing circuit board back drilling device is not convenient for cleaning debris at the back drilling position of the circuit board.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: A circuit board back drilling device includes a support frame, a drill bit, and a positioning clamping mechanism for positioning and fixing the circuit board, and also includes an automatic centering air blowing chip removal mechanism and an auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism. The automatic centering air-blowing chip removal mechanism includes a centering air nozzle and an automatic avoidance mechanism. The centering air nozzle is axially aligned with the drill bit and is used to blow air from the top of the back-drilling treatment hole of the drill bit. The automatic avoidance mechanism is used to control the centering air nozzle to avoid obstacles during the raising and lowering of the drill bit. The auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism is configured on the positioning and clamping mechanism and is used to suction from the bottom of the back-drilling treatment hole of the drill bit.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic centering air blowing chip removal mechanism further includes a pressure ring and an air pump, the axis of the pressure ring coincides with the axis of the drill bit; an air inlet is horizontally opened on one side of the pressure ring, which communicates with the air outlet of the air pump, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the centering air nozzle, and the connecting pipe is slidably inserted into the air inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic avoidance mechanism includes a connecting slide rod, a linkage rod, and a drive slide plate. A connecting slide cavity is formed in the side wall of the pressure ring, and the drive slide plate is slidably fitted within the connecting slide cavity. The connecting slide rod slides laterally through the side wall of the connecting slide cavity, and one end of the connecting slide rod is fixedly connected to the central air nozzle, while the other end is movably connected to the linkage rod via a hinge. The end of the linkage rod away from the connecting slide rod is movably connected to the drive slide plate via a hinge. A return spring is connected between the connecting slide rod and the inner wall of the connecting slide cavity. A lifting plate is provided near the top of the drill bit, and the lifting plate rises and falls synchronously with the drill bit. A top rod aligned with the drive slide plate is vertically slidably installed on the lifting plate, and a limit spring is connected between the top of the top rod and the lifting plate.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure ring; a deflection block is horizontally movably connected to the top of the mounting bracket near the lifting plate via a spring-loaded hinge, and a trigger switch electrically connected to the air pump is installed at the bottom of the deflection block.

[0010] Preferably, guide rods are vertically fixedly connected to both sides of the pressure ring, and the guide rods slide through the lifting plate, and a support spring is connected between the lifting plate and the pressure ring.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the centering nozzle is open, and the bottom opening of the centering nozzle is perpendicular to the connecting conduit; a mating sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure ring near the air intake, and the mating sealing plate mates with the bottom opening of the centering nozzle.

[0012] Preferably, a fixed magnetic ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the air intake duct, and a movable magnetic ring is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting conduit near the fixed magnetic ring, and the magnetic poles on the opposite side of the fixed magnetic ring and the movable magnetic ring are the same.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning and clamping mechanism includes a transverse clamping plate, a first electric telescopic rod, and a support plate. Two first electric telescopic rods are provided and are symmetrically and horizontally fixed on both sides of the support frame. The telescopic end of each first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a transverse clamping plate. The support plate is centrally located on the support frame, and the transverse clamping plate is fitted onto the support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism includes a negative pressure suction device, a second electric telescopic rod, and a drawer box. The support plate has a hollow structure inside, and multiple negative pressure holes are evenly opened on the upper surface of the support plate. The drawer box is laterally slidably inserted into the support plate. The negative pressure suction device is fixedly installed on one side of the support frame, and the negative pressure end of the negative pressure suction device is connected to the drawer box. The second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod is connected to the support plate. Both the negative pressure suction device and the second electric telescopic rod are electrically connected to the trigger switch.

[0015] The back drilling process of a circuit board back drilling equipment includes the following specific steps: The first step is to use a positioning and clamping mechanism to position and fix the circuit board on the support frame. The second step is to drive the drill bit to move and position through the multi-directional displacement mechanism and lower the drill bit. During this process, the automatic avoidance mechanism makes the centering air nozzle avoid the lifting path of the drill bit, and then the drill bit performs back drilling on the circuit board. The third step is to drive the drill bit to rise after the back drilling is completed, and when the drill bit rises to a position higher than the centering air nozzle, the centering air nozzle automatically resets and aligns above the drilling position on the circuit board, and generates airflow to blow towards the drilling position on the circuit board. The fourth step involves the auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism applying negative pressure from below the drilled hole on the circuit board to remove the debris blown out by the central air nozzle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The central air nozzle of this invention is aligned with the drill bit axis, which facilitates direct alignment with the hole being drilled for back-drilling. During the drill bit descent, the central air nozzle can be automatically avoided by the avoidance mechanism to prevent affecting the descent of the drill bit. When the drill bit rises, it can automatically return to its original position and face the hole, thereby facilitating the generation of a strong airflow that directly and effectively acts on the inside of the hole, effectively blowing out the debris generated in the hole from top to bottom. At the same time, the auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism can also be used to remove the debris from the bottom, achieving effective hole cleaning after back-drilling, reducing subsequent cleaning work and improving production efficiency.

[0017] 2. During the drill bit descent process, the present invention can rely on the lifting plate to drive the top rod to descend, and the drive slide plate set by the squeezing action of the top rod can rely on the linkage rod and the connecting slide rod to drive the transmission, so that the central air nozzle moves laterally away from below the drill bit, realizing automatic avoidance and avoiding affecting the drill bit lifting and lowering operation.

[0018] 3. When the air pump of this invention generates airflow into the centering nozzle, if the centering nozzle cannot be effectively reset by the spring rebound force due to the connecting tube or connecting slide rod being stuck, the bottom opening of the centering nozzle is perpendicular to the connecting tube, which facilitates the airflow to impact the inner wall of the centering nozzle laterally, making it easier to push it to reset. At the same time, the repulsive magnetic force between the movable magnetic ring on the connecting tube and the fixed magnetic ring in the air intake further ensures that the centering nozzle can be effectively reset for cleaning operations.

[0019] 4. The pressure ring of this invention is used to limit the cleaning environment of the centering air nozzle to a certain area, ensuring that the airflow generated by the centering air nozzle can effectively act on the holes on the circuit board. At the same time, the pressure ring can also press down the drilling area of ​​the circuit board, and with the support of the support plate, effectively reduce the impact of vibration during the drilling process.

[0020] 5. During the raising of the drill bit and lifting plate, the trigger switch can be activated, causing the air pump, the second electric telescopic rod, and the negative pressure suction device to operate automatically. The second electric telescopic rod can lower the support plate, thereby creating a gap at the bottom of the circuit board, allowing the airflow blown from the central air nozzle to be released from the bottom of the hole, effectively carrying away debris. At the same time, the negative pressure suction device can create negative pressure in the negative pressure holes on the support plate, effectively sucking away the blown debris, completing the cleaning closed loop. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the storage box in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting plate structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relative positional distribution between the pressure ring and the drill bit in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the lifting plate and the pressure ring are connected in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the central air nozzle and the pressure ring in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow state of the airflow after entering the central air nozzle in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the drive slide plate and the pressure ring are connected in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positional distribution of the drill bit and the central air nozzle when the push rod descends to the position of the drive slide plate in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the state after the central air nozzle of the present invention has been moved away from below the drill bit; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the support plate in this invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Support frame; 2. X-axis linear guide rail mechanism; 3. Y-axis linear guide rail mechanism; 4. Connecting seat; 5. Z-axis linear guide rail mechanism; 6. Drive screw; 7. Connecting guide rail; 8. Screw slide; 9. Servo motor; 10. Drill bit; 11. Pressure ring; 12. Support plate; 13. Transverse clamping plate; 14. First electric telescopic rod; 15. Second electric telescopic rod; 16. Negative pressure suction device; 17. Air pump; 18. Mounting bracket; 19. Lifting plate; 20. Guide rod; 21. Support spring; 22. Deflection block; 23. Top rod; 24. Limiting spring; 25. Connecting slide cavity; 26. Centered air nozzle; 27. Connecting duct; 28. Air inlet; 29. ​​Connecting slide rod; 30. Fixed magnetic ring; 31. Movable magnetic ring; 32. Drive slide plate; 33. Linkage rod; 34. Trigger switch. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1-11 As shown, a circuit board back drilling device includes a support frame 1, a drill bit 10, and a positioning and clamping mechanism for positioning and fixing the circuit board. The support frame 1 is a square frame, which can be divided into upper and lower layers and is hollowed out. A multi-directional displacement mechanism for driving the drill bit 10 is provided on the support frame 1. This multi-directional displacement mechanism can control the drill bit 10 to reciprocate in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. The Y-axis direction is the lifting direction of the drill bit 10, thereby performing back drilling on multiple positions of the circuit board. The device also includes an automatic centering air blowing chip removal mechanism and an auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism. The automatic centering air blowing chip removal mechanism includes a centering air nozzle 26 and an automatic avoidance mechanism. The centering air nozzle 26 is axially aligned with the drill bit 10. The aligned and centered air nozzle 26 is used to blow air from the top of the back-drilling hole of the drill bit 10, relying on high-pressure airflow to blow away the debris generated during drilling; the automatic avoidance mechanism is used to control the centering air nozzle 26 to avoid obstructing the drill bit 10 during back-drilling, and can also reset to center when back-drilling is completed, effectively completing the air-blowing cleaning process; the auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism is set on the positioning and clamping mechanism, and is used to suction from the bottom of the back-drilling hole of the drill bit 10, thereby working with the air blowing to effectively suck away the blown debris, improve the quality of the inner wall of the back-drilled hole, reduce subsequent cleaning work, facilitate subsequent production and processing, and improve overall production efficiency.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the automatic centering air-blowing chip removal mechanism also includes a pressure ring 11 and an air pump 17. The axis of the pressure ring 11 coincides with the axis of the drill bit 10, and the pressure ring 11 is used to press against the circuit board. The drill bit 10 can pass through the pressure ring 11 during the lifting and lowering process. An air inlet 28 is horizontally opened on one side of the pressure ring 11, which is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 17. It should be noted that the air inlet 28 and the air outlet of the air pump 17 are connected by a hose to avoid the position of the air pump 17 affecting the movement of the pressure ring 11 within a certain range with the drill bit 10. A connecting conduit 27 is fixedly connected to one side of the centering air nozzle 26, and the connecting conduit 27 is slidably inserted into the air inlet 28. The connecting conduit 27 can facilitate the high-pressure gas delivered by the air pump 17 to enter the air inlet 28 and flow to the centering air nozzle 26. At the same time, the connecting conduit 27 can slide, which facilitates the centering air nozzle 26 to avoid the bottom of the drill bit 10.

[0027] In some specific implementations of this embodiment, refer to Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism includes a connecting slide rod 29, a linkage rod 33, and a drive slide plate 32. A connecting slide cavity 25 is formed in the side wall of the pressure ring 11, and the connecting slide cavity 25 is distributed on the same side as the air intake duct 28. The connecting slide cavity 25 extends longitudinally through the pressure ring 11, and the drive slide plate 32 is slidably fitted within the connecting slide cavity 25. The connecting slide rod 29 slides laterally through the side wall of the connecting slide cavity 25, and one end of the connecting slide rod 29 is fixedly connected to the centering air nozzle 26, while the other end is movably connected to the linkage rod 33 via a hinge. The end of the linkage rod 33 away from the connecting slide rod 29 is connected to the drive slide plate 32 via a hinge. Plate 32 is movably connected, and linkage rod 33 is inclined as a whole; a stretchable return spring is connected between connecting slide rod 29 and the inner wall of connecting slide cavity 25; a lifting plate 19 is provided near the top of drill bit 10, and the lifting plate 19 and drill bit 10 are raised and lowered synchronously. A top rod 23 aligned with drive slide plate 32 is vertically slidably installed on lifting plate 19, and a stretchable limit spring 24 is connected between the top of top rod 23 and lifting plate 19. It should be noted that under the same force conditions, the return spring deforms first, while the limit spring 24 does not deform.

[0028] In summary, when the pressure ring 11 presses against the area of ​​the circuit board to be drilled and the drill bit 10 has been aligned with the corresponding hole area by the system control, the drill bit 10 descends. During the descent of the drill bit 10, the lifting plate 19 drives the push rod 23 to descend synchronously. When the bottom of the push rod 23 contacts the drive slide plate 32 in the connecting slide cavity 25, a certain distance is still maintained between the tip of the drill bit 10 and the centering air nozzle 26. Then, as the drill bit 10 continues to descend, the push rod 23 begins to push the drive slide plate 32, pushing the drive slide plate 32 down along the connecting slide cavity 25. During this process, the limit spring 24 does not deform, and during the sliding of the drive slide plate 32, the connecting rod 33 squeezes and pushes the connecting slide rod 29 to slide into the connecting slide cavity 25. This causes the return spring to stretch and generate a rebound force, so the connecting slide rod 29 drives the centering nozzle 26 to slide laterally. The centering nozzle 26 slides close to the air inlet 28 by relying on the connecting guide tube 27, so as to avoid the bottom of the drill bit 10. When the centering nozzle 26 has moved to the inner edge of the pressure ring 11 and can no longer move, even if the lifting plate 19 continues to descend with the drill bit 10, the lifting plate 19 can slide relative to the top rod 23, which causes the limit spring 24 to stretch, so as to avoid affecting the drill bit 10 to descend to the corresponding position to complete the back drilling. After the back drilling is completed and the drill bit 10 is raised, the connecting slide rod 29 can rely on the rebound force of the return spring to drive the centering nozzle 26 to return to center and align with the hole, so as to facilitate air blowing cleaning.

[0029] In a further specific embodiment of this example, in order to facilitate the automatic operation of the air pump 17 after the drill bit 10 has been raised to the corresponding height, combined with... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a mounting bracket 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure ring 11. The height of the mounting bracket 18 is set according to actual needs to ensure that the drill bit 10 and the lifting plate 19 are raised to the corresponding height position, and the air pump 17 can be triggered when the center air nozzle 26 is aligned with the hole. A deflection block 22 is horizontally connected to the top of the mounting bracket 18 near the lifting plate 19 through a spring hinge. A trigger switch 34 electrically connected to the air pump 17 is installed at the bottom of the deflection block 22. The trigger switch 34 can be a pressure switch or other contact trigger switch. The edge of the lifting plate 19 near the mounting bracket 18 is aligned with the deflection block 22. It should be noted that the top of the mounting bracket 18 can be set as a U-shaped structure to prevent the deflection block 22 from squeezing the trigger switch 34 when it deflects downward.

[0030] Since the trigger switch 34 is installed at the bottom of the deflection block 22, when the lifting plate 19 descends with the drill bit 10 and passes the deflection block 22, although it can squeeze the deflection block 22 downward, it will not come into contact with the trigger switch 34, so the air pump 17 cannot be started. However, when the lifting plate 19 rises with the drill bit 10 to the corresponding height, and the centering air nozzle 26 has been reset and aligned below the drill bit 10, the lifting plate 19 will squeeze the bottom of the deflection block 22 during the rising process, thereby activating the trigger switch 34, which then makes the air pump 17 run.

[0031] It should be noted that the trigger time of the trigger switch 34 can be set by the control system, so that when the control system receives the signal feedback from the trigger switch 34, it issues a start command to the air pump 17 to run for a certain period of time, so that the air pump 17 stops after running for a certain period of time, or it can be stopped manually.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Based on Example 1, and referring to Figure 5 As shown, guide rods 20 are vertically fixed to both sides of the pressure ring 11, and the guide rods 20 slide through the lifting plate 19. A compressible support spring 21 is connected between the lifting plate 19 and the pressure ring 11. The initial position of the pressure ring 11 is lower than that of the drill bit 10. As the drill bit 10 descends and approaches the circuit board, the pressure ring 11 descends synchronously. Then, the pressure ring 11 presses on the circuit board first. As the drill bit 10 continues to descend, the lifting plate 19 slides down relative to the guide rods 20 and compresses the support spring 21. The support spring 21 then generates a rebound force, which makes it easier for the pressure ring 11 to press the area of ​​the circuit board with back drilling, thereby helping to reduce the impact of the circuit board's own vibration during back drilling.

[0034] It should be noted that the sliding distance of the lifting plate 19 relative to the guide rod 20 is sufficient for the drill bit 10 to complete back drilling.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Based on Embodiment 1, in order to ensure that the centering nozzle 26 can be reset to the middle position and avoid jamming, refer to Figure 7As shown, the bottom of the centering nozzle 26 is open and vertically downward, and the bottom opening of the centering nozzle 26 is perpendicular to the connecting conduit 27. A mating sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure ring 11 near the air inlet 28, and the mating sealing plate mates with the bottom opening of the centering nozzle 26. When the centering nozzle 26 avoids the drill bit 10, the bottom opening of the centering nozzle 26 fits perfectly against the mating sealing plate. When the drill bit 10 is raised and the air pump 17 is running, if the connecting conduit 27 or the connecting slide rod 29 is stuck and cannot effectively drive the centering nozzle 26 to reset, the airflow generated by the air pump 17 enters the connecting conduit 27 through the air inlet 28. Since the bottom opening of the centering nozzle 26 is perpendicular to the connecting conduit 27, the airflow generates a lateral impact force on the inner wall of the centering nozzle 26. At the same time, the bottom of the centering nozzle 26 is temporarily sealed by the mating sealing plate, and the airflow cannot escape. As the air pressure rises, it is easy to rely on the lateral assistance of the air pressure to push the centering nozzle 26 out to complete the reset.

[0037] In a further specific implementation of this embodiment, in order to further ensure that the centering nozzle 26 can be reset to the center position, refer to Figure 7 As shown, a fixed magnetic ring 30 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the air intake duct 28, and a movable magnetic ring 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting conduit 27 near the fixed magnetic ring 30. The magnetic poles of the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31 are the same on opposite sides. Thus, when the connecting conduit 27 is inserted deep into the air intake duct 28, the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31 approach each other, generating a large repulsive magnetic force between them. This facilitates the subsequent repositioning of the auxiliary connecting conduit 27 with the centering nozzle 26. In addition, due to the presence of the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31, before the airflow is ejected from the centering nozzle 26, the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31 can attract any metal fragments that may be present in the airflow. This prevents damage after the airflow is blown into the holes of the circuit board by the centering nozzle 26, because there may be metal substances in the air drawn by the air pump 17 from the circuit board processing environment.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] Based on Example 1, combined with Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the positioning and clamping mechanism includes a transverse clamping plate 13, a first electric telescopic rod 14, and a support plate 12. Two first electric telescopic rods 14 are provided and are symmetrically and horizontally fixed on both sides of the support frame 1. The telescopic end of each first electric telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected to the transverse clamping plate 13. The support plate 12 is centrally located on the support frame 1, and the transverse clamping plate 13 is positioned on the support plate 12. When it is necessary to position and clamp the circuit board, the circuit board is placed flat on the support plate 12, and then the first electric telescopic rods 14 on both sides extend towards the middle simultaneously, thereby fixing and clamping the circuit board by the transverse clamping plate 13. At the same time, the support plate 12 supports the circuit board, making it easy for the circuit board to be stably drilled.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] Based on Example 4, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 1 As shown, the auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism includes a negative pressure suction device 16, a second electric telescopic rod 15, and a drawer box. The support plate 12 has a certain thickness and is hollow inside. Multiple negative pressure holes are evenly opened on the upper surface of the support plate 12. The drawer box slides horizontally inside the support plate 12. The negative pressure suction device 16 is fixedly installed on one side of the support frame 1, and the negative pressure end of the negative pressure suction device 16 is connected to the drawer box through a hose. Here, the negative pressure suction device 16 can be a device similar to a vacuum cleaner. The second electric telescopic rod 15 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1, and the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod 15 is connected to the support plate 12 through a bracket. Both the negative pressure suction device 16 and the second electric telescopic rod 15 are electrically connected to the trigger switch 34.

[0042] When the trigger switch 34 is triggered, the corresponding control system controls the negative pressure suction device 16 to operate based on the signal feedback. At the same time, it also controls the second electric telescopic rod 15 to drive the support plate 12 to descend. In this way, the support plate 12 is moved away from the bottom of the circuit board, which makes it easier to create a gap at the bottom of the circuit board. This allows the airflow blown into the hole by the central air nozzle 26 to be effectively released from the bottom of the hole, and effectively discharged from the bottom of the hole along with the drilling debris. At the same time, the negative pressure suction device 16 can generate a negative pressure suction effect in the negative pressure holes on the surface of the support plate 12, which makes it easy to suck away the blown debris. The drawer box can be pulled out for daily maintenance and cleaning.

[0043] Example 6

[0044] Based on Example 1, and referring to Figure 1 As shown, the multi-directional displacement mechanism includes an X-axis linear guide mechanism 2, a Y-axis linear guide mechanism 3, and a Z-axis linear guide mechanism 5. The X-axis linear guide mechanism 2 is mounted on the support frame 1. The Y-axis linear guide mechanism 3 is connected to the moving end of the X-axis linear guide mechanism 2. The Z-axis linear guide mechanism 5 is connected to the moving end of the Y-axis linear guide mechanism 3. The Z-axis linear guide mechanism 5 includes a connecting seat 4, a drive screw 6, a screw slide 8, and a connecting guide rail 7. The connecting seat 4 moves in the Y-axis direction relying on the Y-axis linear guide mechanism 3. The moving lead screw 6 is vertically rotatably connected to the connecting seat 4, and the lead screw slide 8 is connected to the driving lead screw 6. The connecting guide rail 7 is fixedly installed on the connecting seat 4, and the lead screw slide 8 is slidably connected to the connecting guide rail 7. A servo motor 9 for driving the drill bit 10 to rotate is installed on the lead screw slide 8. Thus, the drill bit 10 can be raised and lowered by driving the lead screw 6 to drive the lead screw slide 8 to move longitudinally. In addition, the lifting plate 19 can be directly fixedly connected to the housing of the servo motor 9 through the bracket, and the air pump 17 can also be directly fixed to the connecting seat 4.

[0045] Both the X-axis linear guide mechanism 2 and the Y-axis linear guide mechanism 3 can be configured using the same composition as the Z-axis linear guide mechanism 5. Specific adjustments can be made based on existing technology, and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] Example 7

[0047] The back drilling process of a circuit board back drilling equipment includes the following specific steps: The first step is to position and fix the circuit board on the support frame 1 using the positioning and clamping mechanism; The second step is to drive the drill bit 10 to move and position through the multi-directional displacement mechanism, and make the drill bit 10 descend. During this process, the automatic avoidance mechanism makes the centering air nozzle 26 avoid the lifting path of the drill bit 10, and then make the drill bit 10 perform back drilling on the circuit board. The third step is to drive the drill bit 10 to rise by relying on the multi-directional displacement mechanism after the back drilling is completed. When the drill bit 10 rises to a position higher than the centering air nozzle 26, the centering air nozzle 26 automatically resets and aligns above the drilling position on the circuit board, and generates airflow to blow towards the drilling position on the circuit board. Step 4: The auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism performs negative pressure suction from below the drilled hole on the circuit board to remove the debris blown out by the central air nozzle 26.

[0048] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this solution by those skilled in the art, the working principle of this solution will now be briefly explained in conjunction with specific application scenarios: First, place the circuit board flat on the support plate 12. Then, the first electric telescopic rods 14 on both sides extend towards the middle simultaneously, thereby fixing and clamping the circuit board by the transverse clamp 13, while the support plate 12 supports the circuit board. Then, the drill bit 10 is moved to align with the corresponding hole position on the circuit board, and the drill bit 10 is lowered. As the drill bit 10 descends and approaches the circuit board, the pressure ring 11 descends synchronously and presses against the circuit board. As the drill bit 10 continues to descend, the lifting plate 19 slides down relative to the guide rod 20 and compresses the support spring 21. The support spring 21 then generates a rebound force, which makes it easier for the pressure ring 11 to press the area of ​​the circuit board with back drilling, thereby helping to reduce the impact of the circuit board's own vibration during back drilling.

[0049] During the descent of drill bit 10, lifting plate 19 descends synchronously, and lifting plate 19 drives push rod 23 to descend synchronously. When the bottom of push rod 23 contacts drive slide plate 32 in connecting slide cavity 25, a certain distance is still maintained between the tip of drill bit 10 and center air nozzle 26. Then, as drill bit 10 continues to descend, push rod 23 begins to push drive slide plate 32, pushing drive slide plate 32 to slide down connecting slide cavity 25. During this process, limit spring 24 does not deform, and drive slide plate 32, during its sliding, compresses and pushes connecting slide rod 2 through linkage rod 33. The connecting slide rod 29 slides into the connecting slide cavity 25, causing the return spring to stretch and generate a rebound force. In this way, the connecting slide rod 29 drives the centering air nozzle 26 to slide laterally. The centering air nozzle 26 slides close to the air inlet 28 by relying on the connecting guide tube 27, so as to avoid the drill bit 10 from below. When the centering air nozzle 26 has moved to the inner edge of the pressure ring 11 and can no longer move, even if the lifting plate 19 continues to descend with the drill bit 10, the lifting plate 19 can slide down relative to the top rod 23, causing the limit spring 24 to stretch, so as to avoid affecting the drill bit 10 from descending to the corresponding position to complete the back drilling.

[0050] As the drill bit 10 completes back drilling and rises above the centering nozzle 26, the connecting slide rod 29 can rely on the return force of the return spring to drive the centering nozzle 26 to gradually return to center and align above the hole. Since the trigger switch 34 is installed at the bottom of the deflection block 22, when the lifting plate 19 descends with the drill bit 10 and passes the deflection block 22, although it can squeeze the deflection block 22 downwards, it will not come into contact with the trigger switch 34, so the air pump 17 cannot be started. However, when the lifting plate 19 rises with the drill bit 10 to the corresponding height, and the centering air nozzle 26 has been reset and aligned below the drill bit 10, the lifting plate 19 will squeeze the bottom of the deflection block 22 during the rising process, thereby activating the trigger switch 34. The trigger switch 34 then makes the air pump 17 run, which makes it easier for the centering air nozzle 26 to blow air into the hole to clean up debris. The presence of the pressure ring 11 can also effectively reduce airflow loss and ensure that the air pressure has an effective impact on the hole.

[0051] Simultaneously, when the trigger switch 34 is triggered, the corresponding control system controls the negative pressure suction device 16 to operate based on signal feedback. At the same time, it also controls the second electric telescopic rod 15 to drive the support plate 12 to descend. In this way, the support plate 12 is moved away from the bottom of the circuit board, which makes it easier to create a gap at the bottom of the circuit board. This allows the airflow blown into the hole by the central air nozzle 26 to be effectively released from the bottom of the hole, and effectively discharged from the bottom of the hole along with the drilling debris. At the same time, the negative pressure suction device 16 can generate a negative pressure suction effect in the negative pressure holes on the surface of the support plate 12, which facilitates the suction of the blown debris.

[0052] It should be noted that when the drill bit 10 is raised and the air pump 17 is running, if the connecting tube 27 or the connecting slide rod 29 is stuck and cannot effectively drive the centering nozzle 26 to reset, the airflow generated by the air pump 17 enters the connecting tube 27 through the air inlet 28. Since the bottom opening of the centering nozzle 26 is perpendicular to the connecting tube 27, the airflow generates a lateral impact force on the inner wall of the centering nozzle 26. At the same time, the bottom of the centering nozzle 26 is temporarily sealed by the sealing plate, and the airflow cannot escape. As the air pressure rises, it is easy to use the lateral assistance of the air pressure to push the centering nozzle 26 out to complete the reset. In addition, when the connecting conduit 27 is inserted deep into the air intake duct 28, the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31 approach each other, generating a large repulsive magnetic force between them. This facilitates the subsequent repositioning of the auxiliary connecting conduit 27 with the centering nozzle 26. Furthermore, due to the presence of the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31, before the airflow is ejected from the centering nozzle 26, the fixed magnetic ring 30 and the movable magnetic ring 31 can attract any metal fragments that may be present in the airflow. This prevents damage after the airflow is blown into the holes of the circuit board by the centering nozzle 26, because the air pump 17 may draw metal substances from the circuit board processing environment.

[0053] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit board back drilling device, comprising a support frame (1), a drill bit (10), and a positioning clamping mechanism for positioning and fixing the circuit board, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic centering air-blowing dandruff removal mechanism and an auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism; The automatic centering air blowing chip removal mechanism includes a centering air nozzle (26) and an automatic avoidance mechanism. The centering air nozzle (26) is axially aligned with the drill bit (10) and is used to blow air from the top of the back-drilling treatment hole of the drill bit (10). The automatic avoidance mechanism is used to control the centering air nozzle (26) to avoid the drill bit (10) during its lifting and lowering process. The auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism is configured on the positioning and clamping mechanism and is used to suction from the bottom of the back-drilling treatment hole of the drill bit (10).

2. The circuit board back drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic centering air blowing chip removal mechanism also includes a pressure ring (11) and an air pump (17). The axis of the pressure ring (11) coincides with the axis of the drill bit (10). An air inlet (28) is horizontally opened on one side of the pressure ring (11) and communicates with the air outlet of the air pump (17). A connecting conduit (27) is fixedly connected to one side of the centering air nozzle (26), and the connecting conduit (27) slides through the air inlet (28).

3. The circuit board back drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic obstacle avoidance mechanism includes a connecting slide rod (29), a linkage rod (33), and a drive slide plate (32). A connecting slide cavity (25) is provided in the side wall of the pressure ring (11), and the drive slide plate (32) is slidably fitted in the connecting slide cavity (25). The connecting slide rod (29) slides laterally through the side wall of the connecting slide cavity (25), and one end of the connecting slide rod (29) is fixedly connected to the central air nozzle (26), and the other end is movably connected to the linkage rod (33) through a hinge. The linkage rod (33) is far from The end of the connecting slide rod (29) is movably connected to the drive slide plate (32) via a hinge; a return spring is connected between the connecting slide rod (29) and the inner wall of the connecting slide cavity (25); a lifting plate (19) is provided near the top of the drill bit (10), and the lifting plate (19) and the drill bit (10) rise and fall synchronously; a top rod (23) aligned with the drive slide plate (32) is vertically slidably provided on the lifting plate (19), and a limit spring (24) is connected between the top of the top rod (23) and the lifting plate (19).

4. The circuit board back drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mounting bracket (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure ring (11); a deflection block (22) is horizontally and movably connected to the top of the mounting bracket (18) near the lifting plate (19) via a spring hinge; a trigger switch (34) electrically connected to the air pump (17) is installed at the bottom of the deflection block (22).

5. A circuit board back drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Guide rods (20) are vertically fixed to both sides of the pressure ring (11), and the guide rods (20) slide through the lifting plate (19), and a support spring (21) is connected between the lifting plate (19) and the pressure ring (11).

6. A circuit board back drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the centering nozzle (26) is open, and the bottom opening of the centering nozzle (26) is perpendicular to the connecting conduit (27); a matching sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure ring (11) near the air inlet (28), and the matching sealing plate matches the bottom opening of the centering nozzle (26).

7. A circuit board back drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A fixed magnetic ring (30) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the air intake (28), and a movable magnetic ring (31) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting conduit (27) near the fixed magnetic ring (30), and the magnetic poles of the fixed magnetic ring (30) and the movable magnetic ring (31) are the same on the opposite side.

8. A circuit board back drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning and clamping mechanism includes a transverse clamping plate (13), a first electric telescopic rod (14), and a support plate (12). There are two first electric telescopic rods (14), which are symmetrically and horizontally fixed on both sides of the support frame (1). The telescopic end of each first electric telescopic rod (14) is fixedly connected to the transverse clamping plate (13). The support plate (12) is centrally located on the support frame (1), and the transverse clamping plate (13) is fitted onto the support plate (12).

9. A circuit board back drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism includes a negative pressure suction device (16), a second electric telescopic rod (15), and a drawer box. The support plate (12) has a hollow structure inside, and multiple negative pressure holes are evenly opened on the upper surface of the support plate (12). The drawer box slides horizontally through the support plate (12). The negative pressure suction device (16) is fixedly set on one side of the support frame (1), and the negative pressure end of the negative pressure suction device (16) is connected to the drawer box. The second electric telescopic rod (15) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1), and the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod (15) is connected to the support plate (12). The negative pressure suction device (16) and the second electric telescopic rod (15) are both electrically connected to the trigger switch (34).

10. A back-drilling process for a circuit board back-drilling device, implemented using a circuit board back-drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: First step: The circuit board is first positioned and fixed on the support frame (1) by the positioning and clamping mechanism; The second step is to drive the drill bit (10) to move and position through the multi-directional displacement mechanism, and make the drill bit (10) descend. During this process, the automatic avoidance mechanism makes the centering air nozzle (26) avoid the lifting path of the drill bit (10), and then make the drill bit (10) perform back drilling on the circuit board. The third step is to drive the drill bit (10) to rise by relying on the multi-directional displacement mechanism after the back drilling is completed. When the drill bit (10) rises to a position higher than the centering air nozzle (26), the centering air nozzle (26) automatically resets and aligns above the drilling position of the circuit board, and generates airflow to blow towards the drilling position of the circuit board. Step 4: The auxiliary negative pressure suction mechanism performs negative pressure suction from below the drilled hole on the circuit board to remove the debris blown out by the central air nozzle (26).

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