An aluminum split blade arm assembly

Abstract

The application provides an aluminum split type cutter arm assembly, which comprises a cutter arm body, a cutter claw and a cutter claw rod, the cutter arm body is a closed box structure made of aluminum alloy material, and a mixed strengthening structure is arranged in the cutter arm body; the cutter claw is fixed symmetrically at the two ends of the cutter arm body, the cutter claw rod is inserted into the two ends of the cutter arm body and is fixed through double round keys; and a design, manufacturing and control method of the cutter arm body is also provided, which comprises topological optimization design, mixed strengthening structure design, sensor embedding manufacturing and construction of a thermal error model. The application combines the variable density method topological optimization and the "rib-honeycomb" mixed strengthening design, fundamentally changes the bearing mode of aluminum material, generates a bionic distributed main bearing structure, and achieves a synergistic improvement in the three usually contradictory performance indicators of light weight, high rigidity and high precision; and fundamentally solves the thermal stability problem of aluminum parts, and has remarkable economic efficiency and engineering practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical automation, specifically relating to an aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly and its design, manufacturing and control methods. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for processing efficiency and precision in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace, precision molds, and new energy vehicles, CNC machine tools are developing towards high speed, high precision, and high dynamic response. As a key functional component of CNC machine tools (such as drilling and tapping centers and gantry machining centers), the tool arm's performance directly determines the spindle's positioning speed, trajectory accuracy, and cutting stability. Traditional tool arms are typically made of steel, whose high elastic modulus (~210 GPa) and high strength provide sufficient static stiffness to ensure static accuracy. However, the high density of steel also results in a huge moment of inertia for the tool arm, severely restricting the machine tool's acceleration and rapid start-stop capability, increasing drive energy consumption, and becoming a bottleneck for improving the overall dynamic performance of the machine.

[0003] To reduce the weight of moving parts, the industry has attempted to replace the tool arm material with aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy has a density only about one-third that of steel, theoretically significantly reducing inertia. However, this material replacement introduces more severe technical challenges: First, the elastic modulus of aluminum alloy (~70 GPa) is only one-third that of steel. Under the same structure and load, its elastic deformation will increase significantly, directly threatening machining accuracy; second, the significant difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between aluminum and steel bodies (aluminum: ,steel: This makes the positioning drift caused by thermal deformation particularly prominent when the machine tool is working continuously or when the ambient temperature fluctuates. This problem has become a fatal defect in high-speed and high-precision machining. In addition, aluminum alloy has low surface hardness and poor wear resistance, and is prone to wear in long-term high-frequency reciprocating motion, resulting in clearance and further deteriorating the accuracy retention.

[0004] To address these challenges, existing technologies are mainly improved in two directions: First, at the structural design level, empirical methods such as adding stiffeners and increasing wall thickness are used to compensate for the insufficient rigidity of aluminum alloys. However, this often results in the weight reduction benefits being partially offset, and the design relies on engineers' experience, making it difficult to achieve optimal material distribution. Second, at the thermal error control level, passive methods are commonly used, such as enhanced cooling, selection of low-expansion materials (such as Invar alloys), or machine tool preheating. These methods are either ineffective or costly, and cannot adapt to changing working conditions in real time.

[0005] In recent years, structural optimization design methods, represented by topology optimization, and thermal error compensation technology have attracted attention in the machine tool field. However, existing applications are mostly isolated solutions: topology optimization is mostly used in the conceptual design stage, and the highly complex biomimetic structures it generates are constrained by the cost and feasibility limitations of traditional manufacturing processes (such as casting and cutting), often requiring significant simplification, which reduces the optimization effect; while thermal error compensation is mostly used as a software "additional function" after the machine tool is assembled, which involves attaching sensors to key points for post-assembly measurement and modeling. The sensors have poor installation reliability, insufficient representativeness of temperature measurement points, and weak model versatility, making it difficult to achieve stable and high-precision long-term compensation.

[0006] Therefore, existing technologies lack a systematic solution that can deeply integrate high-performance materials (aluminum), ultra-lightweight advanced structures, and intrinsically reliable intelligent thermal compensation capabilities from the manufacturing stage. There is an urgent need for an innovative manufacturing method that can not only economically achieve "lightweighting" of the tool arm, but also simultaneously and intrinsically solve the problems of "weakened stiffness" and "thermal sensitivity" it brings, thereby providing core component support for the next generation of high-performance CNC machine tools. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly and its design, manufacturing, and control methods.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly, characterized in that it comprises:

[0010] The blade arm body is a closed box structure made of aluminum alloy, with a hybrid reinforcement structure inside. It has a mounting hole in the center and mounting slots at both ends for mounting the blade claws. The blade arm body also has a pre-embedded temperature sensor.

[0011] The blade claws are symmetrically fixed in the mounting slots at both ends of the blade arm body with the mounting holes as the center.

[0012] The blade claw rod is inserted into both ends of the blade arm body and fixed by a double circular key;

[0013] The cutter arm body is designed, manufactured, and controlled according to the following steps.

[0014] S1, Topology Optimization Design

[0015] Using the design space of the cutter arm body as input, minimizing the flexibility as the objective, and the target volume ratio as the constraint, the variable density method is used for topology optimization to generate a three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body with biomimetic distributed characteristics.

[0016] S2, Hybrid Reinforced Structural Design

[0017] In the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body obtained in step S1, according to the stress cloud diagram of finite element analysis, reinforcing ribs are arranged in the high stress area and regular honeycomb structure is introduced in the low stress area to form a hybrid reinforcement structure, and the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body is updated.

[0018] S3, Sensor Embedded Manufacturing

[0019] Based on the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body in step S2, the cutter arm body is manufactured using aluminum alloy material. Sensor holes are machined in the heat-sensitive parts of the cutter arm body, and temperature sensors are implanted into the holes and fixed and sealed with thermally conductive adhesive to form an embedded temperature sensing network.

[0020] S4. Construct a thermal error model

[0021] A temperature rise experiment was conducted on the cutter arm body obtained in step S3. Data from each temperature sensor and the corresponding thermal deformation data at the end of the cutter arm body were collected. A mathematical model of thermal error was established based on the multiple linear regression algorithm, and the model was written into the controller of the cutter arm assembly. When the cutter arm assembly was working, the temperature data was read in real time and the thermal error was calculated to dynamically compensate for the motion commands of the cutter arm body.

[0022] Furthermore, the surface of the cutter arm body is treated with hard anodizing to form an alumina ceramic layer, and the cutter arm body and the cutter claw are connected and fixed by screws and elastic pins; a cutter claw positioning block is fixedly installed on the side of the cutter claw.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a cutter arm push rod, a cutter arm cover plate, and a cutter arm push rod cover. The double circular key is inserted from the surface of the cutter arm body into the keyway on the cutter claw rod. The cutter arm cover plate presses against the double circular key and is fixed by the cutter arm push rod. The cutter arm push rod is inserted into and fixedly installed on the cutter arm body.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes an asbestos pad, and an asbestos pad is provided between the blade arm cover plate and the blade arm body.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a shrink sleeve and a cutter arm shaft cover. The shrink sleeve is inserted into the mounting hole of the cutter arm body, and the cutter arm shaft cover is installed and fixed on the cutter arm body. Further, step S1 is specifically as follows: the design space of the cutter arm body is discretized into a finite number of elements, and each element e is defined as a relative density design variable ρ. e Its value varies continuously between 0 and 1, and the design variables of all units constitute a vector ρ=[ρ1, ρ2, ..., ρ... n ]^T;

[0026] By using the SIMP model to correlate element density with its physical properties, the elastic modulus E of element e is... e Based on its density ρ e Perform interpolation:

[0027] E e (ρ e )=E min +ρ e p ·(E0-E min ) ;

[0028] Where E0 is the elastic modulus of the solid aluminum alloy; E min It is a positive number less than E0; p is the penalty factor; the cutter arm body is optimized with the goal of minimizing compliance: C(ρ)=U(ρ)^T·K(ρ)·U(ρ);

[0029] Where C(ρ) is the overall flexibility of the cutter arm body, the smaller the flexibility, the greater the stiffness; K(ρ) is the global stiffness matrix determined by the element density; U(ρ) is the global displacement vector, and satisfies the finite element equilibrium equation K(ρ)·U=F;

[0030] Simultaneously, the target volume ratio is used as a constraint: ;

[0031] Among them, V e Ve is the volume of unit e; V0 is the total volume of the design space of the cutter arm body; 0 ≤ ρ e ≤1; f is the target volume ratio.

[0032] Furthermore, the mathematical model for thermal error established by the multiple linear regression algorithm in step S4 is expressed as follows:

[0033] δ = β0 + β1T1 + β2T2 + … + β n T n +ε ;

[0034] Where δ is the amount of thermal deformation of the end of the cutter arm body in a specific direction; T1, T2, ..., T n These are the measured values ​​from each temperature sensor; β0 is a constant term; β1, β2, ..., β n The regression coefficients for each temperature measurement value are obtained by fitting the experimental data using the least squares method; ε is the random error term. This invention also provides a CNC machine tool comprising the aforementioned aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly. The controller of the CNC machine tool reads temperature data in real time and calculates thermal errors, dynamically compensating for the motion commands of the cutter arm body.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. Achieved a synergistic breakthrough in lightweight design, high rigidity, and high precision.

[0037] This invention fundamentally changes the load-bearing mechanism of aluminum materials by combining variable density topology optimization with a hybrid reinforcement design of "stiffener-honeycomb". It generates a biomimetic distributed main load-bearing structure, which enables the aluminum alloy cutter arm to achieve a significant weight reduction (up to 30% or more) while its static and dynamic stiffness increases instead of decreasing. This successfully breaks the traditional technical paradox that lightweighting inevitably leads to a weakening of stiffness. The cutter arm manufactured in this way achieves a synergistic improvement in three usually contradictory performance indicators: lightweighting, high stiffness, and high precision, resulting in an overall performance leap of "1+1>2".

[0038] 2. It fundamentally solves the problem of thermal stability of aluminum components.

[0039] Unlike the traditional compensation method of attaching sensors externally to the finished product, the temperature sensor in this invention is integrated with the cutter arm body. This provides more accurate and reliable temperature monitoring and provides a high-quality data foundation for the subsequent establishment of a personalized thermal error model based on multiple linear regression. This enables active compensation and can suppress the temperature rise drift caused by high-speed continuous operation to the micrometer level (e.g., ≤3 μm). This allows the long-term accuracy and stability of the aluminum cutter arm under complex thermal conditions to reach or even surpass the level of traditional steel cutter arms, completely eliminating any concerns about using aluminum materials.

[0040] 3. It has significant economic and engineering practical value.

[0041] The topology optimization design, finite element analysis, and temperature sensor pre-embedding used in this invention are all mature and scalable industrial technologies, avoiding material waste and experience-based design cycles based on "trial and error". Although design and analysis costs are introduced in the early stages, the resulting performance improvements, energy consumption reductions, lifespan extensions, and system-level cost optimizations make this method highly economical throughout its entire life cycle, and easy to promote and apply in high-end equipment manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the cutter arm assembly in this invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom side of the cutter arm assembly in this invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the blade arm assembly in this invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the design and manufacturing method of the cutter arm body in this invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1 is the cutter arm body, 2 is the cutter claw, 3 is the cutter claw rod, 4 is the screw, 5 is the elastic pin, 6 is the double round key, 7 is the cutter arm top rod, 8 is the cutter arm top rod cover, 9 is the cutter arm cover plate, 10 is the asbestos gasket, 11 is the expansion sleeve, 12 is the cutter arm shaft cover, and 13 is the positioning block. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the present invention provides an aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly, which mainly consists of a cutter arm body 1, a cutter claw 2 and a cutter claw rod 3. The cutter arm body 1 has a mounting hole in the center. The cutter arm body 1 is made of aluminum alloy and adopts a "box beam" structure as a closed box. The interior is hollow and has several hybrid reinforcement structures.

[0050] Two blade claws 2 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the blade arm body 1 with the central mounting hole at the center. The blade arm body 1 and the blade claws 2 are provided with mutually mating mounting grooves. The blade arm body 1 and the blade claws 2 are connected and fixed by screws 4 and elastic pins 5. Blade claw positioning blocks 13 are fixedly mounted on the side of the blade claws 2.

[0051] The claw rod 3 is inserted into the cutter arm body 1 and fixedly installed via the double circular key 6. A cutter arm top rod cover 8, a cutter arm top rod 7, a cutter arm cover plate 9, and an asbestos gasket 10 are fixedly installed on the surface of the cutter arm body 1. The double circular key 6 is inserted from the surface of the cutter arm body 1 into the keyway on the claw rod 3. The cutter arm cover plate 9 presses against the double circular key 6 and is then secured by the cutter arm top rod 7. The cutter arm top rod 7 is inserted into and fixedly installed on the cutter arm body 1 via the cutter arm top rod cover 8. An asbestos gasket 10 is also provided between the cutter arm cover plate 9 and the cutter arm body 1.

[0052] An expansion sleeve 11 and a cutter arm shaft cover 12 are also provided at the mounting hole position of the cutter arm body 1. The expansion sleeve 11 is inserted into the mounting hole of the cutter arm body 1, and the cutter arm shaft cover 12 is installed and fixed on the cutter arm body 1.

[0053] The surface of the aluminum alloy blade body 1 is treated with hard anodizing to form an alumina ceramic layer.

[0054] In this application, the stress distribution and deformation of the aluminum alloy cutter arm under stress are simulated, and through topology optimization and other technologies, materials are "allocated as needed" to design a complex structure that is both lightweight and ensures rigidity.

[0055] In this application, the cutter arm body 1 is made of aluminum alloy and designed as a "box beam" structure. Ribs are added to the large inner wall to divide the large thin plate into multiple small units, which greatly improves the local stiffness and resistance to instability. At the same time, the enclosed box structure can effectively serve as an outer shell to protect the internal components.

[0056] Meanwhile, the bolted nesting connection between the cutter arm body 1 and the cutter claw 2, and between the cutter arm body 1 and the cutter arm cover plate 9, uses steel or stainless steel to locally reinforce the key stress concentration areas. This takes advantage of the lightweight nature of aluminum while achieving the strength and wear resistance of steel in key locations.

[0057] Hard anodizing is applied to the surface of aluminum alloy to generate a dense alumina ceramic layer, which greatly improves hardness, corrosion resistance, insulation and adhesion to the substrate.

[0058] On the other hand, due to the significant difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between aluminum and steel, the tool arm assembly of this application adopts a symmetrical structure, allowing thermal deformation to occur simultaneously in multiple directions. This ensures that the points most critical to accuracy only undergo translation without tilting or torsion. The design utilizes a thermal center point, allowing the structure to revolve around a fixed center point during thermal expansion and contraction.

[0059] At the joints, flexible components such as asbestos pads are used to absorb the internal stress caused by different expansion amounts, thus preventing structural distortion.

[0060] Finally, this application adopts a split structure, precisely because of the ease of processing aluminum, which can be fabricated into a shape with complex internal stiffeners and lightweight cavities. The distributed structure, through optimized material layout and localized reinforcement, perfectly compensates for the inherent deficiencies in the overall strength and stiffness of aluminum. The distributed structure precisely arranges limited material along the stress transmission path, maximizing the specific stiffness of the component. For a distributed-design aluminum component, its stiffness can far exceed that of a solid steel component of the same weight. Moreover, a well-designed distributed aluminum component can achieve the same stiffness as a simple structural steel component while being significantly lighter.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] This embodiment, based on the cutter arm assembly in Embodiment 1, provides a design and manufacturing method for the cutter arm body 1, such as... Figure 4 As shown below:

[0063] S1, Topology Optimization Design

[0064] Using the design space of the cutter arm body as input, minimizing the flexibility as the objective, and the target volume ratio as the constraint, the variable density method is used for topology optimization to generate a three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body with biomimetic distributed characteristics.

[0065] The design space of the cutter arm body is discretized into a finite number of elements. In this embodiment, hexahedral elements are used, and each element e is defined as a relative density design variable ρ. e Its value varies continuously between 0 (representing void) and 1 (representing solid material), and the design variables of all units constitute a vector ρ=[ρ1, ρ2, ..., ρ n ]^T;

[0066] By using the SIMP model to correlate element density with its physical properties, the elastic modulus E of element e is... e Based on its density ρ e Perform interpolation:

[0067] E e (ρ e )=E min +ρ e p ·(E0-E min ) ;

[0068] Where E0 is the elastic modulus of solid aluminum alloy, approximately 70 GPa; E min It is a positive number less than E0, used to avoid singularity in the total stiffness matrix in finite element analysis, representing the minimum stiffness of the void region; p is a penalty factor, which is taken as p=3 in this embodiment. When p>1, the intermediate density (0≤ρ) e ≤1) corresponds to relatively low stiffness / weight, thus being penalized during optimization, driving design variables to distribute towards the extremes of 0 or 1, ultimately resulting in a clear, almost black-and-white topology; The cutter arm body is optimized with the goal of minimizing compliance:

[0069] The cutter arm body is optimized with the goal of minimizing compliance: C(ρ)=U(ρ)^T·K(ρ)·U(ρ);

[0070] Where C(ρ) is the overall flexibility of the cutter arm body, the smaller the flexibility, the greater the stiffness; K(ρ) is the global stiffness matrix determined by the element density; U(ρ) is the global displacement vector, and satisfies the finite element equilibrium equation K(ρ)·U=F;

[0071] Simultaneously, the target volume ratio is used as a constraint: ;

[0072] Among them, V e Ve is the volume of unit e; V0 is the total volume of the design space of the cutter arm body; 0 ≤ ρ e ≤1; f is the target volume ratio.

[0073] S2, Hybrid Reinforced Structural Design

[0074] In the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body obtained in step S1, according to the stress cloud diagram of finite element analysis, reinforcing ribs are arranged in the high stress area and regular honeycomb structure is introduced in the low stress area to form a hybrid reinforcement structure, and the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body is updated.

[0075] S3, Sensor Embedded Manufacturing

[0076] Based on the three-dimensional model of the tool arm body in step S2, the tool arm body is manufactured using aluminum alloy material. Sensor holes are machined in the heat-sensitive parts of the tool arm body, and temperature sensors are implanted into the holes and fixed and sealed with thermally conductive adhesive to form an embedded temperature sensing network. The heat-sensitive parts include the connecting flange that contacts the tool arm body with the CNC machine tool spindle, the structural neutral layer of the tool arm body, and the mechanical interface that connects the tool arm body with other related components.

[0077] S4. Construct a thermal error model

[0078] A temperature rise experiment was conducted on the cutter arm body obtained in step S3. Data from each temperature sensor and the corresponding thermal deformation data at the end of the cutter arm body were collected. A mathematical model of thermal error was established based on the multiple linear regression algorithm, and the model was written into the controller of the cutter arm assembly. When the cutter arm assembly was working, the temperature data was read in real time and the thermal error was calculated to dynamically compensate for the motion commands of the cutter arm body.

[0079] The mathematical model for thermal error established by the multiple linear regression algorithm is expressed as follows:

[0080] δ = β0 + β1T1 + β2T2 + … + β n T n +ε ;

[0081] Where δ is the amount of thermal deformation of the end of the cutter arm body in a specific direction; T1, T2, ..., T n These are the measured values ​​from each temperature sensor; β0 is a constant term; β1, β2, ..., β n ε represents the regression coefficients for each temperature measurement, obtained by fitting the experimental data using the least squares method; ε is the random error term.

[0082] The tool arm assembly was manufactured based on the design method provided in the above embodiments and assembled according to the structure in Embodiment 1. An experimental comparison was conducted with an existing all-steel tool arm, as shown in the table below:

[0083] Performance indicators Original plan (steel) This plan Improvement effect / Notes Weight (kg) 9.580 5.813 Weight reduced by approximately 39% Moment of inertia (kg·m²) 0.0469 0.0284 Easier to rotate Maximum operating speed (rad / s) 7.85 10.47 Work speed increased Positioning accuracy / Repeatability (mm) 0.25 0.17 Higher positioning accuracy Service life / fatigue test (times) 400 million 600 million Longer service life

[0084] As shown in the table above, the aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly provided in this embodiment is not only about 39% lighter than the existing all-steel cutter arm, but also has significant improvements in other important performance parameters.

[0085] Example 3:

[0086] This embodiment provides a CNC machine tool based on embodiments 1 and 2. The CNC machine tool includes a tool arm assembly with the structure described in embodiment 1, and is manufactured using the design method provided in embodiment 2. The controller of the CNC machine tool reads temperature data in real time and calculates thermal error, and dynamically compensates for the motion commands of the tool arm body.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any modifications or equivalent changes made based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly, characterized in that, include: The blade arm body is a closed box structure made of aluminum alloy, with a hybrid reinforcement structure inside. It has a mounting hole in the center and mounting slots at both ends for mounting the blade claws. The blade arm body also has a pre-embedded temperature sensor. The cutting claws are symmetrically fixed in the mounting slots at both ends of the cutting arm body with respect to the center of the mounting holes. The blade claw rod is inserted into both ends of the blade arm body and fixed by a double circular key; It also includes a cutter arm push rod, a cutter arm cover plate, and a cutter arm push rod cover. The double circular key is inserted from the surface of the cutter arm body into the keyway on the cutter claw rod. The cutter arm cover plate presses the double circular key and is fixed by the cutter arm push rod. The cutter arm push rod is inserted into and fixedly installed on the cutter arm body. The surface of the cutter arm body is treated with hard anodizing to form an alumina ceramic layer. The cutter arm body and the cutter claw are connected and fixed by screws and elastic pins. A cutter claw positioning block is fixedly installed on the side of the cutter claw. The cutter arm body is designed, manufactured and controlled according to the following steps: S1, Topology Optimization Design Using the design space of the cutter arm body as input, minimizing the flexibility as the objective, and the target volume ratio as the constraint, the variable density method is used for topology optimization to generate a three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body with biomimetic distributed characteristics. S2, Hybrid Reinforced Structural Design In the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body obtained in step S1, according to the stress cloud diagram of finite element analysis, reinforcing ribs are arranged in the high stress area and regular honeycomb structure is introduced in the low stress area to form a hybrid reinforcement structure, and the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body is updated. S3, Sensor Embedded Manufacturing Based on the three-dimensional model of the cutter arm body in step S2, the cutter arm body is manufactured using aluminum alloy material. Sensor holes are processed in the heat-sensitive parts of the cutter arm body, and temperature sensors are implanted into the holes and fixed and sealed with thermally conductive adhesive to form an embedded temperature sensing network. S4. Construct a thermal error model A temperature rise experiment was conducted on the cutter arm body obtained in step S3. Data from each temperature sensor and the corresponding thermal deformation data at the end of the cutter arm body were collected. A mathematical model of thermal error was established based on the multiple linear regression algorithm, and the model was written into the controller of the cutter arm assembly. When the cutter arm assembly was working, the temperature data was read in real time and the thermal error was calculated to dynamically compensate for the motion commands of the cutter arm body.

2. The aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an asbestos pad, and an asbestos pad is provided between the cutter arm cover plate and the cutter arm body.

3. The aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a shrink sleeve and a cutter arm shaft cover. The shrink sleeve is inserted into the mounting hole of the cutter arm body, and the cutter arm shaft cover is installed and fixed on the cutter arm body.

4. The aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of S1 are as follows: The design space of the cutter arm body is discretized into a finite number of elements, and each element e is defined as a relative density design variable ρ. e Its value varies continuously between 0 and 1, and the design variables of all units constitute a vector ρ=[ρ1, ρ2, ..., ρ... n ]^T; By using the SIMP model to correlate element density with its physical properties, the elastic modulus E of element e is... e Based on its density ρ e Perform interpolation: BY e (ρ e )=E min +ρ e p ·(E0–E min ) : Where E0 is the elastic modulus of the solid aluminum alloy; E min It is a positive number less than E0; p is the penalty factor; The cutter arm body is optimized with the goal of minimizing flexibility: C(ρ)=U(ρ)^T·K(ρ)·U(ρ); Where C(ρ) is the overall flexibility of the cutter arm body, the smaller the flexibility, the greater the stiffness; K(ρ) is the global stiffness matrix determined by the element density; U(ρ) is the global displacement vector, and satisfies the finite element equilibrium equation K(ρ)·U=F; Simultaneously, the target volume ratio is used as a constraint: ； Among them, V e Ve is the volume of unit e; V0 is the total volume of the design space of the cutter arm body; 0 ≤ ρ e ≤1; f is the target volume ratio.

5. The aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mathematical model for thermal error established by the multiple linear regression algorithm in step S4 is as follows: δ=β0+β1T1+β2T2+…+β n T n +e ; Where δ is the amount of thermal deformation of the end of the cutter arm body in a specific direction; T1, T2, ..., T n These are the measured values ​​from each temperature sensor; β0 is a constant term; β1, β2, ..., β n ε represents the regression coefficients for each temperature measurement, obtained by fitting the experimental data using the least squares method; ε is the random error term.

6. A CNC machine tool, characterized in that, The system includes an aluminum split-type cutter arm assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the controller of the CNC machine tool reads temperature data in real time and calculates thermal errors, and dynamically compensates for the motion commands of the cutter arm body.

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