Bushing plate for continuous basalt fiber production and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bushing plate for continuous basalt fiber production and a preparation method, the bushing plate comprises a bushing plate cavity defined by a bottom plate, a side wall and a plug, and a filter screen arranged at an inlet of the bushing plate cavity, the bottom plate is provided with a discharge spout array, and the discharge spout array is arranged on the side wall of the bushing plate cavity. The discharge spout array is divided into at least two independent subareas on the bottom plate; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate and extend in the length direction of the bottom plate; the longitudinal section of the bushing cavity is in an inverted horn shape, and the cross sectional area of the bushing cavity is gradually increased from top to bottom; the filter screen is of a V-shaped structure, and the number of filter holes in the middle area is smaller than that in the edge area. According to the technical scheme, efficient and stable large-tow fiber production can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of continuous basalt fiber production technology, specifically to a stencil for continuous basalt fiber production and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, continuous basalt fiber production generally employs the pool furnace melting process, where basalt raw materials are melted at high temperatures to form molten glass, which is then drawn out through multiple nozzles on a stencil and drawn into fibers. Existing continuous basalt fiber drawing devices typically use stencils with a small number of holes, ranging from 600 to 1200, suitable for producing smaller-sized (low TeX value) continuous basalt fibers.

[0003] However, because basalt raw materials are natural multi-mineral systems with complex compositions and its melt is a multi-component glassy system, its heat transfer performance is poor and its thermal conductivity is low. When the melt enters the perforated area from the working channel through the flow hole, heat transfer is uneven, easily forming a significant temperature gradient between the interior and the edges. Areas with higher temperatures have lower viscosity and better fluidity, resulting in faster melt replacement; while areas with lower temperatures have higher viscosity, poorer fluidity, and slower or even stagnant melt replacement.

[0004] As the number of holes in the sprue increases, the temperature difference between the sprue and the nozzles becomes more pronounced. Uneven temperature distribution further exacerbates the difference in outflow rates between the nozzles: nozzles in the low-temperature region often experience flow obstruction or blockage, while nozzles in the high-temperature region exhibit a flowing outflow due to excessively low viscosity, which is detrimental to stable wire drawing. Without intervention, the low-temperature region is prone to localized solidification and crystallization due to the inability of the melt to be replaced over a long period, ultimately leading to the sprue's failure. Therefore, it is evident that existing sprue structures have significant limitations in terms of heating uniformity, flow distribution, and control of the temperature gradient between the holes.

[0005] As the number of holes in the stencil increases, the size of its base plate also increases accordingly. Under the same length conditions, the width of a 2400-hole stencil is more than twice that of a 1200-hole stencil. During the fiber drawing process, the stencil base plate must withstand not only the static pressure of the melt above but also the traction force transmitted through the fiber by the drawing machine. The stencil must maintain a high degree of flatness throughout the entire production cycle, and its overall structural strength at high temperatures directly affects the long-term stable operation of the drawing system. If the stencil's rigidity is insufficient or it undergoes thermal deformation, it will lead to inconsistent nozzle heights, increased flow rate deviations, and in severe cases, even fiber breakage and sticking.

[0006] Limited by the above factors, the current production specifications of continuous basalt fibers are generally no more than 22 microns and 1200 Tex, which is difficult to meet the diverse market demand for high-performance continuous basalt fibers with large Tex. At the same time, due to the limited number of sprue holes and the large flow channel resistance, the drawing efficiency of a single unit is low, and the output is usually only 600-840 kg / unit / day, resulting in low overall production efficiency.

[0007] In summary, the following technical problems are commonly encountered in the industry when using continuous basalt fiber drawing spindles with a large number of holes (≥2000 holes) for the production of high-Tex precursor fibers: Uneven temperature field: Due to the low thermal conductivity of basalt melt, a significant temperature difference is easily formed between the center and the edge areas after the size of the sprue increases, resulting in uneven distribution of melt viscosity.

[0008] Unstable flow field distribution: Local temperature differences lead to differences in flow viscosity, resulting in inconsistent outflow rates at each nozzle, causing flow in high-temperature areas and blockage in low-temperature areas.

[0009] Structural strength and thermal deformation issues: As the number and width of the perforated plate increase, the static pressure of the melt and the traction stress of the wire drawing on the base plate increase significantly, and traditional reinforcing rib structures cannot guarantee high-temperature flatness and geometric stability.

[0010] Insufficient filtration and flow guidance: The ratio of filter screens to nozzles is limited, and the flow rate of molten glass in the center and at the edge is mismatched, resulting in poor consistency of the diameter of the molded fibers.

[0011] Therefore, existing technologies urgently need a continuous basalt fiber drawing spindle structure that can significantly increase the number of nozzles and the single-unit capacity while ensuring the uniformity of the melt temperature field and flow field, and has high-temperature structural strength and shape stability, so as to achieve efficient and stable production of large-tow (high Tex) continuous basalt fibers. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a stencil for continuous basalt fiber production and a method for its preparation, in order to overcome at least one related technical problem existing in the background art.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a perforated plate for continuous basalt fiber production, including a flange, a perforated plate cavity formed by a base plate, side walls and a plug, and a filter screen disposed at the inlet of the perforated plate cavity. The base plate is provided with a nozzle array, which is divided into at least two independent zones on the base plate. The upper surface of the base plate is provided with a number of reinforcing ribs, which extend along the length of the base plate; The longitudinal section of the perforated plate cavity is inverted funnel shape, and its cross-sectional area gradually increases from top to bottom; The filter screen has a V-shaped structure, and the number of filter holes in the central region is less than that in the edge region.

[0014] To address the technical problem of warping and deformation of the base plate due to increased area and concentrated thermal stress, in one optional embodiment, the height of the reinforcing ribs is arranged in a manner that is higher in the middle and lower at both ends; and the reinforcing ribs are also provided with multiple weight-reducing holes.

[0015] In order to enhance the bottom support while preventing the formation of a current loop and thermal stress concentration between the leak plate and the grounded support beam water pipe, in an optional embodiment, the bottom of the base plate is provided with a groove for installing the support beam water pipe, and the groove is filled with alumina ceramic fiber or refractory cement as an insulating and heat-insulating material.

[0016] In order to achieve uniform and efficient resistance heating of the stencil and accurate temperature monitoring, in one optional embodiment, electrodes are symmetrically installed on the plug and thermocouple protective sleeves are installed on the sidewall.

[0017] To reliably secure the perforated plate to the external support frame and increase the contact area with the fixed filler to enhance stability, in one alternative embodiment, the opposite sides of the base plate are bent upwards for mounting suspension rods. The suspension rods are embedded in the external refractory insulation material, and the large contact area provides a strong anchoring effect, effectively resisting the traction force during the wire drawing process and preventing the perforated plate from shifting.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the number of holes in the nozzle array is 2400. By applying the method provided in this application to increase the number of holes in the nozzle plate to 2400, the capacity and efficiency of a single-station drawing machine are significantly improved, meeting the market demand for large-tow fibers.

[0019] To further ensure the symmetry and balance of the temperature and flow fields, and to avoid uncontrollable flow deviations or temperature differences introduced by asymmetrical layouts, in one optional embodiment, the nozzle array is divided into six independent zones on the base plate; the six independent zones are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the base plate. This layout is beneficial for achieving the most stable process conditions.

[0020] To further achieve a good filtration effect, in one optional embodiment, the pore size of the filter holes is smaller than the pore size of the nozzle, and the number of filter holes is greater than the number of nozzles. The smaller pore size of the filter holes allows for further filtration of impurities in the melt. Furthermore, the V-shaped filter screen increases the filtration surface area, allowing for the creation of more filter holes, thus ensuring a consistent melt supply within the filter chamber.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the number of filter holes on the filter screen gradually increases from the central region to the edge region. This stepped design, where the number of filter holes gradually increases from the central region to the edge, allows for the adjustment of the glass melt inflow rate and the synchronization of the inner and outer layers.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a method for preparing continuous basalt fibers using the aforementioned continuous basalt fiber production spindle, comprising the following steps: The basalt melt flows into the perforated cavity and passes through the filter screen; Power is applied to the electrodes to make the working current of the drain plate reach 130-140A, and the temperature of the base plate is maintained at the set working temperature. The melt flows out through the array of nozzles in the partition under the action of gravity and is drawn into fibers by a drawing machine; By controlling the operating current, the production flow rate of a single slotted plate can reach 80-90 kg / h.

[0023] This application, through the above method, combines a specific product structure with optimized process parameters, systematically solving the problems mentioned in the background technology, such as low production capacity, uneven flow field, and poor stability, and ultimately achieving an optimized balance of "quality---current---output---life".

[0024] The beneficial effects that the continuous basalt fiber production spinner and its preparation method disclosed in this application may bring include, but are not limited to: 1. Achieved highly uniform temperature and flow fields: Through triple regulation of "six-zone layout + inverted trumpet-shaped cavity + V-shaped zoned filter", the melt flow state within the large-size sprue was thoroughly improved. The temperature difference between the center and the edge was significantly reduced, and the consistency of the outflow rate of each nozzle was greatly improved, effectively eliminating blockage in the low-temperature zone and flow in the high-temperature zone caused by temperature differences, laying a solid foundation for the production of high-quality, uniformly diameter large-tow fibers.

[0025] 2. Significantly improved structural stability and service life: The innovative combination of a "high-middle, low-end reinforcing ribs + weight-reducing holes in the middle" structure solves the problem of controlling thermal deformation in large-size base plates. The overall flatness of the perforator is reliably guaranteed at high temperatures, and the nozzle height remains consistent, avoiding malfunctions such as flow rate deviation, wire breakage, and wire sticking caused by base plate deformation. Despite a significant increase in the number of holes and load, the average operating cycle of the perforator of this invention remains at a high level of approximately 117 days, comparable to the lifespan of a 1200-hole perforator, demonstrating its superior structural durability.

[0026] 3. Achieved synergistic optimization of production capacity, energy consumption, and material utilization: This invention successfully increased the number of perforations in the stencil from 1200 to 2400, and the single-station production flow rate jumped from 45 kg / h to 80 kg / h, an increase of 77.8%. Crucially, the stencil mass increased by 68.4%, and the operating current increased by 75.6%, with the output increase exceeding the increases in mass and current. This indicates that the invention achieved an optimization effect of "improving unit power output efficiency by approximately 3%" and "improving unit mass platinum-rhodium alloy output efficiency by approximately 5.6%", forming an optimal balance between "mass-current-output-lifespan", significantly reducing the unit product production cost and precious metal consumption.

[0027] 4. Excellent compatibility and ease of use: The flange interface size is consistent with the existing 1200-hole perforated plate, which allows the 2400-hole perforated plate of this invention to directly replace the original equipment without any modification to the existing production line. This greatly facilitates the capacity upgrade and technology iteration of production enterprises and reduces equipment investment costs.

[0028] In summary, this invention not only successfully overcomes the design and manufacturing bottlenecks of 2400-hole perforated plates, but also achieves comprehensive progress in multiple dimensions such as increasing production capacity, ensuring quality, reducing costs, and controlling risks. It has significant practical application value for promoting the development of the continuous basalt fiber industry towards high efficiency, low cost, and large filament bundles. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view of the sprue plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a right view of the sprue plate of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of the sprue plate of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the sprue plate of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial planing isometric view of the sprue plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is an isometric drawing of the flange of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the filter screen of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the reinforcing rib of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is an isometric drawing of the plug of the present invention.

[0038] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Electrode, 2-Base plate, 3-Plug, 4-Hanging rod, 5-Thermocouple protective sleeve, 6-Side wall, 7-Flange, 8-Reinforcing rib, 9-Filter hole, 10-Leak nozzle, 11-Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this application provides a first aspect, which provides a perforated plate for continuous basalt fiber production, including a flange 7, a perforated plate cavity formed by a base plate 2, a side wall 6 and a plug 3, and a filter screen 11 disposed at the inlet of the perforated plate cavity. The base plate 2 is provided with an array of nozzles 10, which is divided into at least two independent partitions on the base plate 2. The spacing between the nozzles 10 array can be 10-20 mm, and the spacing between the nozzles 10 in each nozzle array is 1-3 mm.

[0042] The upper surface of the base plate 2 is provided with several reinforcing ribs 8, which extend along the length of the base plate 2; the longitudinal section of the perforated plate cavity is inverted funnel-shaped, and its cross-sectional area gradually increases from top to bottom; the filter screen 11 has a V-shaped structure, and the number of filter holes 9 in the central region is less than that in the edge region. (See filter screen 11 for details.) Figure 7 .

[0043] The technical solution of this application solves the technical problem of uneven temperature and flow fields in large-size sprue chambers. Specifically, the sprue array 10 is configured as multiple independent zones, such as six independent zones. This layout divides the large flow field into multiple controllable small units. By reasonably adjusting the hole spacing and distance within each zone, the molten glass can be guided to form a more uniform flow distribution within the sprue chamber, effectively reducing the temperature and flow differences between the center and edge regions. Its working principle is that the zoned design breaks the inherent pattern of the traditional overall flow field, reduces fluid dead zones, and makes heat and mass exchange more complete.

[0044] To address the technical problem of uneven melt flow from top to bottom and difficulty in fully diffusing to the edge nozzles 10, the nozzle cavity is designed with an inverted trumpet-shaped longitudinal section and a gradually increasing cross-sectional area from top to bottom. This structure acts like a gradually expanding flow guide, optimizing the melt flow path, reducing its velocity, and promoting lateral diffusion. This allows the melt to more evenly cover the entire base plate 2 area, providing a consistent fluid pressure background for each nozzle 10.

[0045] To address the technical problem of mismatched flow velocities between the center and edges of filter 11, resulting in poor fiber diameter consistency, filter 11 is configured with a V-shaped structure, and the number of filter holes 9 in the central region is less than that in the edge region. The V-shaped structure increases the effective filtration area within the same width, allowing for the placement of more filter holes 9. The reduced number of filter holes 9 in the center increases the flow resistance in that region, thereby slowing down the rapid flow in the central region and synchronizing it with the slower flow in the edge region, achieving active regulation of the flow of the inner and outer layers of molten glass.

[0046] In order to solve the technical problem of warping and deformation of the base plate 2 due to increased area and concentrated thermal stress, in an optional embodiment, the height of the reinforcing rib 8 is arranged in a form that is higher in the middle and lower at both ends; and the reinforcing rib 8 is also provided with multiple weight-reducing holes.

[0047] A reinforcing rib 8 with a height that is "high in the middle and low at both ends" is provided on the upper surface of the base plate 2, and multiple circular weight-reducing holes are opened in the middle of the reinforcing rib 8. The unique contour of the reinforcing rib 8 can actively guide the direction of thermal deformation, and use its higher central part to offset the maximum thermal expansion stress in the central area, thereby suppressing overall warping. The weight-reducing holes can effectively release and balance the thermal stress in the plate, while removing redundant mass in key parts, achieving a balance between strength and thermal stress. Its synergistic working principle is: the reinforcing rib 8 provides active structural constraints and deformation guidance, while the weight-reducing holes passively reduce and homogenize thermal stress.

[0048] In order to enhance the bottom support while preventing the formation of a current loop and thermal stress concentration between the leaking plate (charged body) and the grounded support beam water pipe, in an optional embodiment, the bottom of the base plate 2 is provided with a groove for installing the support beam water pipe, and the groove is filled with alumina ceramic fiber or refractory cement as an insulating and heat-insulating material.

[0049] The supporting beam and water pipes provide additional mechanical support for the base plate 2, improving overall rigidity. The filling insulation material, on the one hand, cuts off possible leakage paths, ensuring the electrical safety of the system; on the other hand, it alleviates the thermal stress caused by temperature differences between the metal parts and the drain plate, ensuring stable system operation.

[0050] To achieve uniform and efficient resistance heating and precise temperature monitoring of the swivel plate, in one optional embodiment, electrodes 1 are symmetrically mounted on the plug 3, and thermocouple protective sleeves 5 are mounted on the sidewall 6. The symmetrical electrodes 1 ensure uniform distribution of current and heat across the entire cross-section of the swivel plate. The thermocouple protective sleeves 5 provide a safe installation environment for the internal temperature sensing element (e.g., thermocouple wire), enabling it to accurately reflect the swivel plate's operating temperature and provide feedback to the temperature control system.

[0051] To reliably secure the perforated plate to the external support frame and increase the contact area with the fixed filler to enhance stability, in one optional embodiment, the opposite two sides of the base plate 2 are bent upwards for mounting the suspension rods 4. The suspension rods 4 are embedded in the external refractory insulation material, and the large contact area provides a strong anchoring effect, effectively resisting the traction force during the wire drawing process and preventing the perforated plate from shifting.

[0052] Flange 7 Figure 6 As shown, in order to achieve direct replacement and rapid upgrade of the 2400-hole perforated plate with the existing production line and reduce equipment modification costs, the flange 7 interface size was designed to be compatible with the original 1200-hole perforated plate. Maintaining the mechanical interface and sealing method with the kiln flow channel, the new perforated plate can be installed and used without modifying the existing main equipment, demonstrating good interchangeability.

[0053] In one optional embodiment, the number of holes in the nozzle array 10 is 2400. By applying the method provided in this application to increase the number of holes in the stencil to 2400, the capacity and efficiency of a single-station fiber drawing machine are significantly improved, meeting the market demand for large-tow fibers.

[0054] To further ensure the symmetry and balance of the temperature and flow fields, and to avoid uncontrollable flow deviations or temperature differences introduced by asymmetrical layouts, in one optional embodiment, the array of nozzles 10 is divided into six independent zones on the base plate 2; the six independent zones are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the base plate 2. This layout is beneficial for achieving the most stable process conditions.

[0055] To further achieve a good filtration effect, in one optional embodiment, the aperture of the filter holes 9 is smaller than the aperture of the nozzle 10, and the number of filter holes 9 is greater than the number of nozzles 10. The smaller aperture of the filter holes 9 compared to the nozzles 10 allows for further filtration of impurities in the melt. Furthermore, the V-shaped design of the filter screen 11 increases the filtration surface area, allowing for the creation of more filter holes 9, thus ensuring a consistent supply of melt within the filter plate cavity.

[0056] In one optional embodiment, the number of filter holes 9 on the filter screen 11 gradually increases from the central region of the filter screen 11 to the edge region of the filter screen 11. This stepped design of the filter holes 9 gradually increasing from the central region to the edge of the filter screen 11 allows for the adjustment of the glass melt inflow rate and the synchronization of the inner and outer layers.

[0057] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a method for preparing continuous basalt fibers using the aforementioned continuous basalt fiber production spindle, comprising the following steps: The basalt melt flows into the perforated cavity and passes through the filter screen 11; Power is supplied to the electrode 1 so that the working current of the leakage plate reaches 130-140A, and the temperature of the base plate 2 is maintained at the set working temperature. The melt flows out through the array of nozzles 10 in the partition under the action of gravity, and is drawn into fibers by a drawing machine; By controlling the operating current, the production flow rate of a single slotted plate can reach 80-90 kg / h.

[0058] This application, through the above method, combines a specific product structure with optimized process parameters, systematically solving the problems mentioned in the background technology, such as low production capacity, uneven flow field, and poor stability, and ultimately achieving an optimized balance of "quality---current---output---life".

[0059] The core working principle of the continuous basalt fiber production spinneret described in this invention lies in its systematic solution to the inherent challenges of large-pore-count spinnerets in terms of temperature field uniformity, flow field stability, and structural reliability through a series of synergistically optimized structural designs. Specifically: 1. The principle behind achieving a uniform temperature field and flow field: Zonal flow guidance and six-zone balancing: The numerous (e.g., 2400) spouts 10 on the base plate 2 are planned as six independent zones, essentially dividing a large-area flow field into multiple controllable small flow field units. This layout, combined with precisely calculated hole spacing and intervals, can redirect and distribute the basalt melt flowing in from the upper part of the spout plate, making its resistance more balanced along the path to each zone's spout 10. This effectively breaks the phenomenon of melt tending to converge towards the center in traditional single flow fields, significantly reducing the difference in melt replacement rate between the central and peripheral regions, thereby alleviating the temperature gradient caused by uneven flow from the source.

[0060] The diffusion effect of the inverted trumpet-shaped cavity: The diffuser cavity adopts an inverted trumpet-shaped longitudinal section design, forming a flow channel with a gradually expanding cross-sectional area from top to bottom. When the melt enters this diffusion cavity from the narrower upper flow hole, the flow velocity naturally decreases, and the kinetic energy of the flow is converted into pressure energy, thereby promoting the uniform spreading of the melt to both sides of the cavity. This ensures that the melt can simultaneously and at equal pressure cover all zones, providing a nearly uniform static pressure head for each nozzle 10, which is key to achieving a consistent outflow rate.

[0061] Active adjustment of the V-shaped zoned filter 11: The V-shaped filter 11 first maximizes the filtration area within a limited space. Its zoned arrangement, especially the reduction of the number of filter holes 9 in the central region, is an active intervention in the flow field. The central region has a high melt velocity and high pressure; reducing the number of filter holes 9 is equivalent to increasing the flow resistance in this region, thus playing a "throttling" role. Meanwhile, the edge region reduces resistance by maintaining or increasing the number of filter holes 9. This increase and decrease cleverly balances the melt inflow between the center and the edge, achieving synchronization of the melt flow between the inner and outer layers.

[0062] 2. Structural principle of high strength and resistance to thermal deformation: The stress guidance of the "high in the middle and low at both ends" stiffener 8: When the base plate 2 is heated at high temperatures, the expansion in the central region is much greater than that in the more constrained edge regions, generating huge compressive stress, which is the main reason for the upward arching (warping) of the central region of the base plate 2. The stiffener 8 of this application adopts a unique "high in the middle and low at both ends" profile, with its high point located precisely in the central region where thermal deformation is greatest, providing the strongest local stiffness and thus effectively suppressing the tendency of the center to bulge. This design guides disordered thermal deformation into controllable, small vertical displacement and distributes its stress throughout the stiffener 8, achieving "deformation guided by structure".

[0063] Thermal stress relief and mass balance through the central weight-reducing holes: Circular weight-reducing holes are created in the central area of ​​the reinforcing rib 8, where thermal stress is concentrated. These holes function similarly to stress relief holes. They disrupt the continuous path of thermal stress transmission, allowing the sheet metal a certain degree of freedom in thermal expansion in this area, thus significantly reducing the overall peak thermal stress. Simultaneously, this removes a portion of the mass from the core area that does not participate in load-bearing and is sensitive to thermal deformation, achieving weight reduction and helping to reduce inertial thermal deformation and improve the response speed of the temperature field.

[0064] 3. System integration and stable operation principles: Symmetrical heating of electrode 1 and thermocouple feedback: Electrode 1, symmetrically arranged on the plug 3, ensures that the current and Joule heat are evenly distributed throughout the metal body of the stencil. Combined with the real-time temperature monitoring and feedback of the thermocouple on the side wall 6, a closed-loop control system is formed, which keeps the working temperature of the stencil within the narrow range corresponding to the optimal viscosity of the basalt melt, providing a prerequisite for stable wire drawing.

[0065] Supporting beam water pipes and electrical isolation: The supporting beam water pipes below base plate 2 provide crucial external support for the enlarged base plate 2, enhancing overall rigidity to resist wire pulling forces. The insulating and heat-resistant material within its grooves provides dual isolation: electrically, it prevents leakage current from short-circuiting to ground through the support components; thermally, it buffers the significant temperature difference stress between the cold water pipes and the hot leakage plate, ensuring the long-term safety and stability of the system.

[0066] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1.A bushing for continuous basalt fiber production, comprising a bushing cavity enclosed by a bottom plate (2), a sidewall (6) and a plug (3), and a filter screen (11) arranged at the entrance of the bushing cavity, wherein an array of bushing nozzles (10) is arranged on the bottom plate (2), characterized in that: the array of bushing nozzles (10) is divided into at least two independent zones on the bottom plate (2); the upper surface of the bottom plate (2) is provided with reinforcing ribs (8) extending along the length of the bottom plate (2); the longitudinal section of the bushing cavity is in the shape of an inverted trumpet, with the cross-sectional area gradually increasing from top to bottom; the filter screen (11) is in the shape of a V, and the number of filter holes (9) in the central region is less than that in the edge region. The reinforcing ribs (8) are arranged with a higher middle and lower ends, and a plurality of weight-reducing holes are arranged on the reinforcing ribs (8); the bottom of the bottom plate (2) is provided with a groove for mounting a beam water pipe, and the groove is filled with alumina ceramic fiber or refractory cement as an insulating and heat-insulating material; the plug (3) is symmetrically provided with electrodes (1), and the sidewall (6) is provided with a thermocouple protection sleeve (5); the opposite sides of the bottom plate (2) are bent upwards for mounting a hanging rib (4); the array of bushing nozzles (10) has 2400 nozzles, and the sidewall is connected with a flange (7); the array of bushing nozzles (10) is divided into six independent zones on the bottom plate (2), and the six independent zones are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal center line of the bottom plate (2); the diameter of the filter holes (9) is smaller than that of the bushing nozzles (10), and the number of the filter holes (9) is greater than that of the bushing nozzles (10); the number of the filter holes (9) on the filter screen (11) gradually increases from the central region to the edge region of the filter screen (11); the bushing comprises the following steps: flowing basalt melt into the bushing cavity and through the filter screen (11); supplying power to the electrodes (1) to make the working current of the bushing reach 130-140 A and maintain the temperature of the bottom plate (2) at a set working temperature; under the action of gravity, the melt flows out through the array of bushing nozzles (10) and is drawn into fibers by a bushing machine; and by controlling the working current, the production flow of a single station of the bushing reaches 80-90 Kg / h. ​ ​ ​ 2. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 4. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 5. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 6. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 7. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 8. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 9. The bushing for continuous basalt fiber production according to claim 6, characterized in that: ​ 10. A method of making continuous basalt fibers using the bushing of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Images