Biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment, which relates to the technical field of biogas fermentation and comprises a fermentation tank, a driving component, a driving shaft and a turning device, the fermentation tank comprises a tank body, a liquid outlet pipe and a fermentation filter screen; the driving shaft is vertically arranged in the tank body, and the top end of the driving shaft penetrates through the tank body and is connected with the output end of the driving part; a plurality of turning devices are uniformly arranged on the driving shaft in the circumferential direction; the turning device comprises a horizontal rod, two rotating sleeves and a plurality of mounting frames; the two rotating sleeves are rotationally connected to the two ends of the horizontal rod in a sleeving mode correspondingly. The multiple mounting frames are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the horizontal rod, and the two ends of each mounting frame are arranged on the two rotating sleeves correspondingly. A plurality of material turning sheets are arranged on each mounting frame; the technical effects that fermentation dead angles appearing in the tank body are reduced, meanwhile, tough raw materials can be effectively segmented, and the raw material mixing and fermentation effects are improved are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biogas fermentation technology, and in particular to a pretreatment device for biogas fermentation power generation. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of continuously rising global energy demand, the depletion of traditional fossil fuels, and increasingly severe environmental pollution, the search for and development of clean and renewable alternative energy sources has become a key direction in the energy strategies of countries worldwide. Biogas, as a highly promising biomass energy source, is mainly produced by the anaerobic fermentation of organic matter (such as livestock manure, crop straw, and kitchen waste) by microorganisms. Its main components include methane and carbon dioxide. Biogas can not only be used as fuel for power generation, heating, and cooking, but also reduce the pollution of the environment by organic waste, achieving resource recycling and playing an indispensable role in energy structure adjustment and environmental protection. Therefore, how to efficiently carry out biogas fermentation and improve biogas yield and quality has become a key focus and hot topic in current energy and environmental protection research.

[0003] Currently, various types of biogas fermentation equipment exist on the market. Most of these devices are equipped with simple stirring devices, and their working principle is mainly to use the rotation of the stirring paddle to drive the movement of raw materials inside the fermentation tank, attempting to mix the raw materials and promote the fermentation process. However, in actual application and production, existing technologies have revealed many problems that urgently need to be solved.

[0004] From the perspective of raw material mixing uniformity, traditional mixing devices rely on a relatively simple mixing method, achieving only basic mixing within localized areas. Due to inherent density differences in the fermentation raw materials—for example, heavier materials tend to settle at the bottom of the tank while lighter livestock manure may float on top—traditional mixing devices struggle to effectively transform this stratified state into a homogeneous mixture. This results in localized "fermentation dead zones" within the tank during fermentation, where some raw materials cannot fully access microorganisms and a suitable fermentation environment (aerobic or anaerobic conditions). This incomplete fermentation in these areas reduces overall fermentation efficiency, making it difficult to achieve the desired biogas yield.

[0005] The shortcomings of existing technologies are even more pronounced when processing lumpy raw materials. Biogas fermentation feedstocks often contain large amounts of lumpy straw, large chunks of manure, and other similar materials. These lumpy materials have relatively large particle sizes and small specific surface areas. Since microorganisms primarily adhere to the surface of the raw materials for decomposition, a small specific surface area means a limited amount of microorganisms can adhere, hindering the thorough decomposition of organic matter within the raw materials. Traditional mixing devices mostly use a pressing and cutting method to process raw materials. For some tough materials, such as long-fiber straw, this pressing and cutting method not only fails to cut them in one go but also easily causes excessive wear or even damage to the blades of the mixing components, increasing equipment maintenance costs and downtime. Furthermore, due to poor cutting results, tough materials persist in the fermentation tank, further affecting the mixing and fermentation effects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a pretreatment device for biogas fermentation power generation, which solves the technical problems in the prior art where the density difference of the fermentation raw materials leads to many "fermentation dead zones" inside the tank, and the inability to effectively divide tough raw materials, thus affecting the mixing and fermentation effect of the raw materials; it achieves the technical effect of reducing the "fermentation dead zones" inside the tank, while effectively dividing tough raw materials and improving the mixing and fermentation effect of the raw materials.

[0007] This application provides a pretreatment device for biogas fermentation power generation, including a fermenter, a drive component, a drive shaft, and a turning device. The fermenter includes a tank body, an outlet pipe, and a fermentation filter. The outlet pipe is connected to and located at the bottom of the tank body, and the fermentation filter is located inside the tank body. The drive shaft is vertically positioned inside the tank body, with its top end passing through the tank body and connected to the output end of the drive component. The drive component is mounted on the top of the tank body. Multiple turning devices are evenly arranged circumferentially on the drive shaft. Each turning device includes a horizontal rod, two rotating sleeves, and multiple mounting brackets. The horizontal rod is horizontally positioned on the drive shaft, and the two rotating sleeves are respectively rotatably fitted onto the two ends of the horizontal rod. The multiple mounting brackets are evenly distributed circumferentially along the horizontal rod, with each end of the mounting bracket positioned on one of the two rotating sleeves. Each mounting bracket has a "U"-shaped structure, and each mounting bracket has multiple turning blades. One side of each turning blade may have a cutting edge, with the cutting edge perpendicular to the horizontal rod.

[0008] Preferably, the drive shaft is located above the fermentation filter screen, and the top end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the tank body via a bearing, and the bottom end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the fermentation filter screen via a bearing.

[0009] Preferably, the pretreatment equipment for biogas fermentation power generation of this application further includes a circulation component, which includes a circulation pump and two delivery pipes. The circulation pump is installed on the outer wall of the tank, and the two delivery pipes are respectively connected and located at both ends of the circulation pump; one delivery pipe extends into the inner bottom of the tank, and the other delivery pipe extends into the inner top of the tank.

[0010] Preferably, the horizontal bar is provided with a plurality of inner blades, and the inner blades are staggered from the turning plate; the inner blades are double-edged blades, and the cutting edge of the inner blades is perpendicular to the horizontal bar.

[0011] Preferably, the inner blade has an arc-shaped cutting edge.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes a rotating rod and two side rods; wherein, the side rods are vertically mounted on the corresponding rotating sleeves, and the rotating rod is horizontally mounted between the two side rods, and the side rods are circular rods; the flipping plate has an opening corresponding to the rotating rod, so that the rotating rod passes through the corresponding multiple flipping plates, and the flipping plate is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod; the two sides of the flipping plate are provided with limit pins, which can be threaded to the rotating rod; the length of the flipping plate is greater than the distance between the rotating rod and the horizontal rod, the end of the flipping plate away from the rotating rod abuts against the horizontal rod, and the side of the flipping plate with the cutting edge is away from the horizontal rod.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting rope is provided between the end of the turning piece away from the rotating rod and the horizontal rod to limit the rotation amplitude of the turning piece; the limiting rope is a metal rope.

[0014] Preferably, an electromagnet assembly may be embedded inside the horizontal bar, and the material of the flipping plate is ferromagnetic metal.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting frame is located above the fermentation filter screen, and the minimum vertical distance between the mounting frame and the fermentation filter screen can be 5 cm to 1 cm; the spacing between adjacent turning plates can be 1 cm to 1 cm.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The fermenter is equipped with a fermentation filter screen, dividing its interior into upper and lower sections. A drive shaft is vertically positioned inside the tank, its top connected to a drive component on the tank top. Multiple agitators are evenly distributed circumferentially along the shaft. A horizontal rod of each agitator is located on the drive shaft, with rotating sleeves at both ends. A mounting frame is connected to the rotating sleeves at both ends and equipped with a turning blade. During operation, the drive shaft drives the agitators to rotate around their circumference, while the turning blades rotate around the horizontal rod. This design solves the technical problem in existing technologies where density differences in the fermentation raw materials lead to numerous "fermentation dead zones" inside the tank, hindering the effective separation of tough raw materials and affecting mixing and fermentation efficiency. The design reduces "fermentation dead zones" inside the tank while effectively separating tough raw materials, improving mixing and fermentation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment equipment for biogas fermentation power generation according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inside of the tank in the biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the turning device structure of the biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner blade of the biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material turning plate of the pretreatment equipment for biogas fermentation power generation of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the material turning plate in the pretreatment equipment for biogas fermentation power generation of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the turning plate in one state of the pretreatment equipment for biogas fermentation power generation according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the electromagnet assembly in the biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the turning plate in another state of the pretreatment equipment for biogas fermentation power generation according to the present invention.

[0018] In the picture: Fermentation tank; 11. Tank body; 12. Insulation components; 13. Liquid outlet pipe; 14. Support frame; 15. Fermentation filter screen; 20. Circulation components; 21. Conveying pipe; 22. Circulation pump; 30. Drive components; 40. Drive shaft; 50. Tilting device; 51. Horizontal bar; 52. Rotating sleeve; 53. Mounting frame; 531. Side bar; 532. Rotating rod; 54. Tilting disc; 55. Inner blade; 56. Limiting rope; 57. Electromagnet assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of this application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] Example: Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment of this application includes a fermenter 10, a drive component 30, a drive shaft 40, a turning device 50, a power component, and a control unit.

[0023] The fermenter 10 includes a tank body 11, an outlet pipe 13, and a fermentation filter screen 15.

[0024] The liquid outlet pipe 13 is connected to and installed at the bottom of the tank body 11. A valve can be installed on the liquid outlet pipe 13. The liquid outlet pipe 13 is used to discharge biogas slurry.

[0025] The fermentation filter screen 15 is installed inside the tank 11.

[0026] It should be noted that the fermentation filter 15 divides the interior of the tank 11 into upper and lower parts, and the fermentation filter 15 can be made of metal. The mesh size of the fermentation filter 15 can be selected according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0027] The drive shaft 40 is vertically installed inside the tank 11, and the top end of the drive shaft 40 passes through the tank 11 and is connected to the output end of the drive component 30.

[0028] The drive unit 30 is mounted on top of the tank 11.

[0029] The drive component 30 may be a rotary motor.

[0030] Specifically, the drive shaft 40 is located above the fermentation filter screen 15. The top end of the drive shaft 40 can be rotatably connected to the tank body 11 via a bearing, and the bottom end of the drive shaft 40 can be rotatably connected to the fermentation filter screen 15 via a bearing.

[0031] Optionally, a heat preservation component 12 may be provided on the tank body 11. The heat preservation component 12 may be a coil heating structure and its components. This kind of heat preservation component 12 is a common structure in the prior art and will not be elaborated here; a temperature sensor may be provided inside the tank body 11. The temperature sensor is a conventional configuration in the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0032] A support frame 14 may be provided at the bottom of the tank body 11, and the support frame 14 is arranged错开 from the liquid outlet pipe 13.

[0033] Optionally, a feeding port may be provided at the top of the tank body 11, and a maintenance seal door may be provided on the side wall of the tank body 11. The heat preservation component 12 and the maintenance seal door are arranged错开. The feeding port is used for feeding raw materials, and the maintenance seal door is used for removing biogas residues and equipment maintenance; the maintenance seal door may be hermetically arranged on the tank body 11 through a sealing strip (not shown in the figure). Both the feeding port and the maintenance seal door are common structures in the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0034] A plurality of turning devices 50 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the driving shaft 40.

[0035] It should be noted that the plurality of turning devices 50 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 turning devices 50, etc. The specific quantity is selected according to actual needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0036] The turning device 50 includes a horizontal rod 51, two rotating sleeves 52 and a plurality of mounting brackets 53.

[0037] The horizontal rod 51 is horizontally arranged on the driving shaft 40, and the two rotating sleeves 52 are respectively rotatably sleeved at both ends of the horizontal rod 51.

[0038] Among them, the rotating sleeve 52 may be arranged on the horizontal rod 51 through a bearing.

[0039] The plurality of mounting brackets 53 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal rod 51, and both ends of the mounting bracket 53 are respectively arranged on the two rotating sleeves 52.

[0040] The mounting bracket 53 is of a "C" - shaped structure, and a plurality of turning blades 54 are provided on each mounting bracket 53.

[0041] Among them, the mounting bracket 53 is arranged parallel to the horizontal rod 51, and the turning blade 54 is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal rod 51.

[0042] It should be noted that the mounting bracket 53 is located above the fermentation filter screen 15, and the minimum vertical distance value between the mounting bracket 53 and the fermentation filter screen 15 may be 5 cm to 15 cm.

[0043] It should be noted that the number of flippers 54 on each mounting bracket 53 can be 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40, etc. The specific number can be selected according to actual needs, and will not be detailed here.

[0044] Optionally, a blade may be provided on one side of the flipping plate 54, and the blade shall be perpendicular to the horizontal bar 51.

[0045] Optionally, the spacing between adjacent flipping pieces 54 can be 10 cm to 30 cm. The specific spacing value can be selected according to actual needs, and will not be detailed here.

[0046] The power component is used to supply power for the operation of the equipment, preferably an AC power source or a battery; the control unit is used to control the coordinated operation of the various components of the equipment, preferably a programmable logic controller; both are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] It should be noted that the side wall of the fermentation tank 10 may be provided with an extraction pipe (not shown in the figure), and the other end of the extraction pipe is connected to an extraction device (such as an air pump, not shown in the figure) to extract the biogas produced by fermentation in the tank 11. The biogas extracted by the extraction device can be injected into the biogas storage tank (not shown in the figure). This extraction structure is a common structure in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Specifically, during the operation of the biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment of this application, relevant personnel first put biogas fermentation raw materials (livestock and poultry manure, straw, kitchen waste, etc.) into the tank 11 through the feeding port at the top of the tank 11. The raw materials fall directly into the area above the fermentation filter screen 15. The drive component 30 is started, and the output end of the drive component 30 drives the drive shaft 40 to rotate vertically. Since the turning devices 50 are evenly distributed around the drive shaft 40, when the drive shaft 40 rotates, it synchronously drives all the turning devices 50 to make circular motion around the drive shaft 40. Each turning device 50 has a horizontal rod 51 that rotates with the drive shaft, driving the rotating sleeves 52 at both ends and the mounting frame 53 in the middle. The turning blades 54 on the mounting frame 53 move with the mounting frame 53. During the movement of the turning blades 54, the turning blades 54 located above the horizontal rod 51 and the turning blades 54 located below the horizontal rod 51 experience different forces, causing multiple mounting frames 53 and turning blades 54 to rotate around the horizontal rod 51 under the action of the rotating sleeves 52. This turns the bottom material upward and pushes the top material downward, achieving uniform mixing of the material in the tank and avoiding local material accumulation and oxygen deficiency. One side of the turning blade 54 is equipped with a blade, which is perpendicular to the horizontal rod 51. During the turning process, the blade will cut and crush the lumpy material (such as straw and large pieces of manure), reducing the particle size of the material to a range that is "facilitating microbial attachment" (such as less than 5 cm). At the same time, the spacing between adjacent turning blades 54 can ensure uniform crushing and avoid missed cutting or over-crushing.

[0049] After the fermentation process is completed, open the valve of the liquid outlet pipe 13. The biogas slurry produced during the fermentation process permeates through the fermentation filter screen 15 into the lower space of the tank 11 and is then discharged from the liquid outlet pipe 13. After the biogas slurry is discharged, close the valve of the liquid outlet pipe 13. Open the maintenance sealing door on the side wall of the tank 11 and manually or mechanically remove the biogas residue left above the fermentation filter screen 15.

[0050] Understandably, the turning device 50 rotates around the drive shaft 40, and the turning blade 54 is perpendicular to the horizontal rod 51. This transforms the raw materials in the tank 11 from a stratified state (heavy materials at the bottom and light materials at the top) into a uniformly mixed state, ensuring that each part of the raw materials can be more evenly exposed to microorganisms during subsequent fermentation, reducing fermentation dead zones. The bladed turning blade 54 can break up lumpy raw materials into smaller particles, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the raw materials and increasing the amount of microorganisms adhering to them. At the same time, the broken raw materials are more likely to release internal organic matter, accelerating the pre-fermentation process. In addition, the turning device 50's rotation is more conducive to the release of biogas and the infiltration of biogas slurry. Furthermore, the turning blade 54 can rotate around the horizontal rod 51, allowing it to perform rolling friction cutting on the raw materials rather than pressing cutting, resulting in better cutting effects. For some tougher raw materials that are difficult to cut in one go, the rotating turning blade 54 can prevent damage to its blades, and tougher raw materials can be separated by multiple cuts.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment of this application, a circulation component 20 is also included. The circulation component 20 includes a circulation pump 22 and two delivery pipes 21. The circulation pump 22 is installed on the outer wall of the tank 11, and the two delivery pipes 21 are respectively connected to and disposed at both ends of the circulation pump 22; one delivery pipe 21 extends into the inner bottom of the tank 11, and the other delivery pipe 21 extends into the inner top of the tank 11.

[0052] It should be noted that, under the action of the circulating pump 22, the conveying pipe 21 extending into the bottom of the tank 11 draws the biogas slurry below the fermentation filter screen 15 and conveys it to the raw material above the fermentation filter screen 15 through the conveying pipe 21 extending into the top of the tank 11; optionally, a spray head can be installed at one end of the conveying pipe 21 extending into the tank 11.

[0053] Understandably, the circulation pump 22 draws the biogas slurry (containing water, nutrients, and microorganisms) collected at the bottom of the tank 11 into the circulation pump 22 through the bottom conveying pipe 21; after the circulation pump 22 pressurizes the biogas slurry, it is conveyed to the raw material through the top conveying pipe 21; the circulation component 20 cooperates with the turning device 50, which turns and loosens the raw material, making it easier for the biogas slurry to penetrate into the interior of the raw material; the biogas slurry circulation conveying replenishes the raw material with water and nutrients.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple inner blades 55 are provided on the horizontal bar 51, and the inner blades 55 are staggered from the turning plate 54.

[0055] The inner blade 55 is a double-edged blade, and the cutting edge of the inner blade 55 is perpendicular to the horizontal bar 51.

[0056] Optionally, the inner blade 55 has an arc-shaped cutting edge.

[0057] It should be noted that the multiple inner blades 55 can be arranged in multiple rows on the horizontal bar 51, or they can be distributed separately on the horizontal bar 51. The number of inner blades 55 can be 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, etc. The specific number and position distribution are selected according to actual needs, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] Understandably, the flipping device 50 rotates relative to the horizontal bar 51, while the inner blade 55 is fixed relative to the horizontal bar 51. This causes the flipping plate 54 to move in an alternating motion relative to the inner blade 55. When the flipping plate 54 and the inner blade 55 are alternating, they form a structure similar to "scissors," which can cut some of the raw materials, resulting in better performance. Furthermore, the blade of the inner blade 55 is arc-shaped, and the inner blade 55 rotates around the drive shaft 40, enabling it to roll and cut or pierce the raw materials. The inner blade 55 can also push out the raw materials stuck on the flipping plate 54, and the flipping plate 54 can also push out the raw materials stuck on the inner blade 55.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the mounting bracket 53 includes a rotating rod 532 and two side rods 531.

[0060] Among them, the side rod 531 is vertically installed on the corresponding rotating sleeve 52, and the rotating rod 532 is horizontally installed between the two side rods 531. The side rod 531 is a round rod.

[0061] It should be noted that the side rod 531 can be bolted to the rotating sleeve 52, and the rotating rod 532 can be bolted to the side rod 531.

[0062] The flipping plate 54 has an opening corresponding to the rotating rod 532, so that the rotating rod 532 passes through the corresponding multiple flipping plates 54, and the flipping plate 54 is rotatably mounted on the rotating rod 532.

[0063] Limit pins are provided on both sides of the flipping plate 54, and the limit pins can be threaded onto the rotating rod 532.

[0064] The length of the flipping plate 54 is greater than the distance between the rotating rod 532 and the horizontal rod 51. The end of the flipping plate 54 away from the rotating rod 532 abuts against the horizontal rod 51, and the side of the flipping plate 54 with the cutting edge is away from the horizontal rod 51.

[0065] Among them, the blades of multiple flipping plates 54 on the same horizontal bar 51 have the same direction (both clockwise or both counterclockwise).

[0066] It should be noted that multiple sets of threaded holes can be opened on the rotating rod 532, and multiple sets of threaded holes correspond to multiple sets of limiting pins (the limiting pins on both sides of the flipping piece 54 are one set of limiting pins). The flipping piece 54 can be detachably installed on the rotating rod 532. The flipping piece 54 is limited by the cooperation of multiple sets of threaded holes and multiple sets of limiting pins, so that the position distribution and number of the flipping pieces 54 on the rotating rod 532 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0067] Optionally, such as Figure 7 As shown, a limiting rope 56 is provided between the end of the turning piece 54 away from the rotating rod 532 and the horizontal rod 51, and the rotation amplitude of the turning piece 54 is limited by the limiting rope 56.

[0068] It should be noted that the limiting rope 56 can be a metal rope (such as a stainless steel rope), and the length of the limiting rope 56 can be selected according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.

[0069] Understandably, because the length of the flipping blade 54 is greater than the distance between the rotating rod 532 and the horizontal rod 51, its far end naturally rests against the horizontal rod 51, in an inclined state (blade facing outwards). During the rotation of the flipping device 50 driven by the drive shaft 40, when the back of the blade of the flipping blade 54 touches the blocky material, the reaction force of the material pushes the flipping blade 54 to rotate around the rotating rod 532 (away from the horizontal rod 51). The blade angle adaptively adjusts according to the hardness of the material (a larger pushing amplitude for hard materials and a smaller pushing amplitude for soft materials), making it easier for the material to pass through the flipping blade 54. When the blade of the flipping blade 54 touches the blocky material, the flipping blade 54 will not rotate under the restriction of the horizontal rod 51. During the two processes of the flipping blade 54 (back contact with material, blade contact with material), the different material pressures allow the flipping blade to... The rotating rod 53 and mounting bracket 54 rotate around the rotating rod 532 more effectively, thereby achieving better up-and-down stirring and rolling friction cutting of the raw materials. The rotation degree of the turning plate 54 can be limited by the limiting rope 56, and the taut limiting rope 56 can also divide the raw materials. In addition, the number and position configuration of the turning plates can be quickly adjusted according to the type of raw materials by cooperating with the limiting pin and the threaded hole of the rotating rod 532. If processing high-fiber raw materials (such as corn stalks), the density of the turning plates 54 needs to be increased by adding limiting pins through multiple sets of threaded holes to fix more turning plates 54. If processing low-fiber raw materials, the number of turning plates 54 can be reduced. Loosening the limiting pin allows the sliding turning plates 54 to change the adjacent spacing. The pins can be re-fixed through different sets of threaded holes to achieve control of the density of the turning plates 54.

[0070] It should be noted that when the drive shaft 40 rotates forward, the flipping blade 54 located below the horizontal rod 51 experiences a relatively large extrusion force from the raw material, and the flipping blade 54 below the horizontal rod 51 abuts against the horizontal rod 51. The flipping blade 54 located above the horizontal rod 51 rotates due to the extrusion force from the raw material. At this time, the raw material located below the horizontal rod 51 experiences a relatively large cutting force and a deeper cutting depth from the flipping blade 54. When the drive shaft 40 rotates in reverse (the drive component 30 can have both forward and reverse rotation capabilities), the flipping blade 54 located above the horizontal rod 51 experiences a relatively large extrusion force from the raw material, and the flipping blade 54 above the horizontal rod 51 abuts against the horizontal rod 51. The flipping blade 54 located below the horizontal rod 51 rotates due to the extrusion force from the raw material. At this time, the raw material located above the horizontal rod 51 experiences a relatively large cutting force and a deeper cutting depth from the flipping blade 54. The cutting depth of the upper and lower layers of raw material can be controlled by controlling the rotation direction of the drive component 30.

[0071] Optionally, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, an electromagnet assembly 57 can be embedded inside the horizontal rod 51, and the material of the flipping piece 54 is a ferromagnetic metal, such as iron.

[0072] It should be noted that the surfaces of the various components of the turning device 50, the inner wall of the tank 11, and the fermentation filter screen 15 can be coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0073] It should be noted that the electromagnet assembly 57 is a common structure in the prior art, and the electromagnet assembly 57 in this application can be a long strip shape, which will not be described in detail here.

[0074] Understandably, when the electromagnet assembly 57 is energized, all the flipping blades 54 are magnetically attracted to the horizontal bar 51 and will not rotate. When processing hard materials, the electromagnet assembly 57 is energized, generating a magnetic force to attract the ferromagnetic flipping blades 54, making their distal ends fit more tightly against the horizontal bar 51, maintaining a steeper blade angle and enhancing cutting force. When processing sticky materials (such as kitchen waste), the electromagnet assembly 57 is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the flipping blades 54 can rotate freely (restricted by the positioning rope 56). Even if the material sticks to the blade, it can be shaken off by rotation, reducing material jamming.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for biogas fermentation power generation, comprising a fermentation tank (10), a driving component (30), a driving shaft (40) and a turning device (50); wherein The fermentation tank (10) includes a tank body (11), a liquid outlet pipe (13) and a fermentation filter screen (15); The liquid outlet pipe (13) is connected and arranged at the bottom of the tank body (11), and the fermentation filter screen (15) is arranged inside the tank body (11); The driving shaft (40) is vertically arranged inside the tank body (11), and the top end of the driving shaft (40) passes through the tank body (11) and is connected to the output end of the driving component (30); The driving component (30) is installed on the top of the tank body (11); It is characterized in that a plurality of turning devices (50) are evenly arranged along the circumference on the driving shaft (40); The turning device (50) includes a horizontal rod (51), two rotating sleeves (52) and a plurality of mounting brackets (53); The horizontal rod (51) is horizontally arranged on the driving shaft (40), and the two rotating sleeves (52) are respectively rotatably sleeved at both ends of the horizontal rod (51); The plurality of mounting brackets (53) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the horizontal rod (51), and both ends of the mounting bracket (53) are respectively arranged on the two rotating sleeves (52); The mounting bracket (53) is a "C" - shaped structure, and a plurality of turning blades (54) are arranged on each mounting bracket (53); One side of the turning blade (54) may be provided with a blade, and the direction of the blade is perpendicular to the horizontal rod (51).

2. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The driving shaft (40) is located above the fermentation filter screen (15). The top end of the driving shaft (40) is rotatably connected to the tank body (11) through a bearing, and the bottom end of the driving shaft (40) is rotatably connected to the fermentation filter screen (15) through a bearing.

3. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a circulation component (20). The circulation component (20) includes a circulation pump (22) and two conveying pipes (21). The circulation pump (22) is installed on the outer side wall of the tank body (11), and the two conveying pipes (21) are respectively connected and arranged at both ends of the circulation pump (22); one of the conveying pipes (21) extends into the inner bottom of the tank body (11), and the other conveying pipe (21) extends into the inner top of the tank body (11).

4. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of inner blades (55) are arranged on the horizontal rod (51), and the inner blades (55) are arranged错开 with the turning blades (54); The inner blade (55) is a double - edged knife, and the blade of the inner blade (55) is perpendicular to the horizontal rod (51).

5. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The shape of the blade of the inner blade (55) is arc - shaped.

6. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (53) includes a rotating rod (532) and two side rods (531); Among them, the side rod (531) is vertically installed on the corresponding rotating sleeve (52), the rotating rod (532) is horizontally installed between the two side rods (531), and the side rod (531) is a circular rod; The turning blade (54) is provided with an opening corresponding to the rotating rod (532), so that the rotating rod (532) passes through the corresponding plurality of turning blades (54), and the turning blade (54) is rotatably arranged on the rotating rod (532); Limit pins are arranged on both sides of the turning blade (54), and the limit pins can be threadedly connected to the rotating rod (532); The length of the flipping plate (54) is greater than the distance between the rotating rod (532) and the horizontal rod (51). The end of the flipping plate (54) away from the rotating rod (532) abuts against the horizontal rod (51), and the side of the flipping plate (54) with the cutting edge is away from the horizontal rod (51).

7. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A limiting rope (56) is provided between the end of the turning piece (54) away from the rotating rod (532) and the horizontal rod (51) to limit the rotation amplitude of the turning piece (54); The limiting rope (56) is a metal rope.

8. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The horizontal bar (51) may be equipped with an electromagnet assembly (57), and the material of the flipping piece (54) is ferromagnetic metal.

9. The biogas fermentation power generation pretreatment equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (53) is located above the fermentation filter (15), and the minimum vertical distance between the mounting bracket (53) and the fermentation filter (15) can be 5 cm to (15) cm. The spacing between adjacent turning pieces (54) can be (10) cm to (30) cm.

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