Torque socket spanner adapting to automation

Abstract

The invention discloses a torque socket spanner adapting to automation, which is used for fastening or dismounting bolts, and comprises a socket spanner, a power unit, a detection unit, a transmission part and a control system, the power unit comprises a torque servo motor, and the torque servo motor is used for driving the socket spanner to rotate; the detection unit is connected with the power unit through a coupler; the transmission part comprises a transmission adjusting piece, a synchronous pulley and a screw rod which are connected in sequence, and the screw rod is connected with the socket spanner; the control system is connected with the power unit and the detection unit, the size of the transmitted torque is monitored in real time according to the detection unit, data are fed back to the control system, the rotating speed of the socket spanner is adjusted through a preset torque value, and the output power of the power unit is adjusted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automatic assembly tools, in particular to a torque socket wrench suitable for automation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the lithium battery capacity grading equipment, the tightening or loosening of the connecting piece is an important link to ensure the stability of the equipment structure and the reliability of the operation. Especially when adjusting the position of the equipment components, precise fixing is achieved through the cooperation of nuts and bolts. The traditional torque socket wrench is mostly manually operated, and the operator adjusts the torque tool to tighten or loosen the nut to complete the fixing of the connecting piece. However, this method has significant defects: first, the adjustment of the torque is time-consuming and depends on human experience, making it difficult to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the tightening of the connecting piece, especially in high-capacity capacity grading lines, which can cause the nut to be too tight or loose, affecting the positioning accuracy of the equipment; second, the efficiency of the replacement is low, and the process of manually replacing the socket or adjusting the tool to adapt to different specifications of the connecting piece is complex, which seriously limits the production efficiency; third, there are safety hazards, and manual operation cannot monitor the torque changes in real time, which may cause the connecting piece to loosen or overload and damage the equipment due to insufficient torque.

[0003] With the development of automatic and intelligent battery capacity grading equipment, some automatic torque socket wrenches have introduced electric motors and torque detection devices. Some devices in the prior art drive the socket wrench through the motor and use torque sensors to feed back data, but their transmission structure usually adopts a simple direct connection or single-stage reduction mechanism, resulting in low torque transmission efficiency and difficulty in maintaining stability in high load or frequent adjustments. In addition, the transmission design of these devices lacks flexibility and is difficult to quickly adapt to the tightening needs of various connecting pieces. The existing control system relies on preset fixed torque values and lacks dynamic real-time adjustment of torque, especially in high and low temperature or high vibration capacity grading environments, which may cause the connecting piece to fail or the equipment to malfunction due to insufficient torque control accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a torque socket wrench specifically for battery capacity grading equipment to achieve torque transmission, more accurate tightening or loosening of the connecting piece, and flexible replacement capability to meet the requirements of high precision, high efficiency, and high safety in battery capacity grading production. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the technical defects of low torque transmission efficiency and insufficient torque control accuracy in the prior art, the present application provides a torque socket wrench suitable for automation.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application is implemented according to the following technical scheme:

[0007] The torque socket wrench suitable for automation according to the present application comprises:

[0008] a socket wrench;

[0009] a power unit, the power unit comprising a torque servo motor for driving the socket wrench to rotate;

[0010] a detection unit connected with the power unit through a shaft coupling;

[0011] a transmission component comprising a transmission adjusting member, a synchronous pulley and a screw rod connected in sequence, the screw rod being connected with the socket wrench;

[0012] a control system connected with the power unit and the detection unit, the control system monitoring the size of the torque transmitted in real time, feeding back the data to the control system, adjusting the rotating speed of the socket wrench through a preset torque value and adjusting the output power of the power unit.

[0013] Preferably, the socket wrench is provided with a fixing seat, a spline nut shaft sleeve and a ball spline nut from inside to outside in sequence, the upper end of the spline nut shaft sleeve is matched with the fixing seat, the lower end of the spline nut shaft sleeve is connected with the transmission component, a roller spline rod is arranged in the ball spline nut, and a bolt sleeve connecting part is connected to the upper end of the roller spline rod.

[0014] At least one roller bearing is arranged at the matching position of the spline nut shaft sleeve and the fixing seat, so that the spline nut shaft sleeve can rotate in the fixing seat.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission component further comprises a staggered shaft gear arranged at the end of the screw rod, the staggered shaft gear comprises a first helical gear and a second helical gear, the second helical gear is matched with the spline nut shaft sleeve, a key groove is arranged at the matching position of the second helical gear and the spline nut shaft sleeve, the second helical gear is fixed with the spline nut shaft sleeve through the key in the key groove, and the spline nut shaft sleeve is driven to move through the rotation of the first helical gear.

[0016] Preferably, a screw groove is arranged on the outer side of the ball spline nut, a screw hole is arranged on the spline nut shaft sleeve, and a fastening screw is arranged between the ball spline nut and the spline nut shaft sleeve.

[0017] The fastening screw is arranged in the screw hole and matched with the screw groove, so as to fix the ball spline nut and the spline nut shaft sleeve.

[0018] When the first helical gear drives the spline nut shaft sleeve to move, the fastening screw abuts against the screw groove and drives the ball spline nut to rotate.

[0019] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the roller spline rod and the inner side surface of the ball spline nut are provided with roller key grooves, and the roller key is arranged between the roller spline rod and the ball spline nut.

[0020] When the ball spline nut rotates, the roller key abuts against the roller key groove and drives the roller spline rod to rotate.

[0021] Preferably, a spring is arranged between the roller spline rod and the ball spline nut, and the upper and lower ends of the spring abut against the bolt sleeve joint part and the spline nut shaft sleeve respectively, so that the roller spline rod can axially displace in the ball spline nut.

[0022] The bolt sleeve joint part and the spline nut shaft sleeve buffer the axial displacement of the roller spline rod through the spring, and the spring can reset the bolt sleeve joint part.

[0023] Preferably, a snap spring is further arranged at the matching position of the spline nut shaft sleeve and the fixing seat, and the snap spring is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the spline nut shaft sleeve and the inner side surface of the fixing seat.

[0024] The snap spring and the fixing seat position the sleeve wrench through the spline nut shaft sleeve.

[0025] Preferably, a limiting rod is arranged at the bottom of the roller spline rod, one end of the limiting rod is provided with a threaded structure and connected with the roller spline rod, and the other end of the limiting rod is provided with a limiting block.

[0026] Preferably, the control system comprises a parameter input device, the parameter input device is connected with the power unit and the detection unit through a cable, the parameter input device is provided with a man-machine interaction interface, the man-machine interaction interface is used for inputting parameters of torque value, rotating speed and rotating direction, and the control system generates a control instruction according to the parameters and sends the control instruction to the torque servo motor.

[0027] Preferably, a positioning structure is arranged at the connecting position of the upper end of the roller spline rod and the bolt sleeve joint part, a locking hole is arranged on the positioning structure, and the locking hole is connected with the bolt sleeve joint part through a pin.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The application provides a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation, which realizes accurate adjustment and optimization of torque by connecting a power unit, a detection unit and a control system with each other. The detection unit monitors the actual torque size transmitted to the sleeve wrench in the power transmission path in real time and transmits the data to the control system; the control system compares the data with a preset target torque value and dynamically adjusts the output power and rotating speed of the torque servo motor according to the deviation, so as to provide more accurate torque control. The torque sleeve wrench adopts a multi-stage transmission structure, including a transmission adjusting piece, a synchronous pulley and a screw rod, which effectively improves the torque transmission efficiency and adapts to the complex requirements of fastening or loosening of connecting pieces. In combination with real-time torque monitoring and data processing of the detection unit and the control system, the rotating speed of the sleeve wrench and the output power of the power unit are adjusted according to the preset torque value, so that the fastening process of the connecting piece meets the torque standard and the equipment failure caused by torque deviation is reduced. The design of the transmission adjusting piece and the synchronous pulley supports the rapid adaptation of connecting pieces of various specifications, improves the production efficiency and meets the operation requirements of high-capacity battery production lines. At the same time, the automatic operation can better adapt to high and low temperature and high vibration working conditions and reduce the safety risks in the operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The specific embodiments of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a side view of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0036] Figure 6 is a local enlarged view A of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0037] Figure 7 is a flowchart of feedback torque data of a torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to the application;

[0038] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the overall torque sleeve wrench, control system and transmission components according to the application;

[0039] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a torque socket wrench suitable for automation according to the present application;

[0040] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a torque socket wrench suitable for automation according to the present application;

[0041] In the figure:

[0042] 10 - socket wrench, 11 - fixed seat, 12 - spline nut shaft sleeve, 13 - ball spline nut, 14 - roller spline rod, 15 - bolt sleeve joint, 16 - roller bearing, 17 - keyway, 18 - key, 19 - screw groove, 191 - screw hole, 192 - fastening screw, 141 - roller keyway, 142 - roller key, 143 - spring, 144 - snap spring, 145 - limiting rod, 146 - limiting block, 147 - locking hole;

[0043] 20 - power unit, 21 - torque servo motor;

[0044] 30 - detection unit;

[0045] 40 - transmission component, 41 - transmission adjustment component, 42 - synchronous pulley, 43 - screw rod, 44 - staggered shaft gear, 45 - first helical gear, 46 - second helical gear, 47 - shaft coupling;

[0046] 50 - control system, 51 - parameter input device, 52 - human-computer interaction interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0048] As shown in the figure, the torque socket wrench suitable for automation according to the present application comprises: Figures 1-8 The torque socket wrench suitable for automation according to the present application comprises:

[0049] The socket wrench 10;

[0050] The power unit 20 comprises a torque servo motor 21, and the torque servo motor 21 is used to drive the socket wrench 10 to rotate;

[0051] The detection unit 30 is connected with the power unit 20 through the shaft coupling;

[0052]

[0053] ​Transmission component 40 includes a transmission adjustment component 41, a synchronous pulley 42 and a lead screw 43 connected in sequence, and the lead screw 43 is connected to the socket wrench 10.

[0054] The control system 50 is connected to the power unit 20 and the detection unit 30. The detection unit 30 monitors the magnitude of the transmitted torque in real time and feeds the data back to the control system 50. The rotation speed of the socket wrench 10 is adjusted by the preset torque value, thereby adjusting the output power of the power unit 20.

[0055] The present invention provides a torque socket wrench 10 adapted for automation, such as... Figures 1-8 As shown, the device includes a socket wrench 10, a power unit 20, a detection unit 30, a transmission component 40, and a control system 50. The socket wrench 10 has a bolt socket 15 at its top, designed with an inner hole structure to accommodate standard nuts, used for tightening or loosening connectors in the battery grading equipment. Different sizes of bolt sockets 15 can be replaced as needed based on site conditions.

[0056] The power unit 20 includes a torque servo motor 21, mounted on the frame of the external equipment. The motor output shaft is connected to the detection unit 30 via a rigid coupling. The detection unit 30 uses a torque sensor, installed between the coupling and the transmission component 40, to measure the torque during power transmission in real time and transmit the data to the control system 50 via a signal line. The transmission component 40 includes a transmission adjustment component 41, a synchronous pulley 42, and a lead screw 43. The transmission adjustment component 41 is a speed reducer, all fixed on the frame of the external equipment. Its input end is connected to the output end of the torque sensor, and its output end drives the lead screw 43 via the synchronous pulley 42 and the synchronous belt. The lead screw 43 is a ball screw structure, with one end connected to the socket wrench 10 via an interleaved shaft gear 44, and the other end supported on the frame by a bearing. The control system 50, optionally, adopts a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a microcomputer, installed in the control cabinet of the external equipment, and is connected to the torque servo motor 21 and torque sensor via cables. It is equipped with a parameter input device, including a touch screen human-machine interface, for inputting preset torque values, speed and rotation direction.

[0057] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, during operation, the torque servo motor 21 is started, and through the shaft coupling, torque sensor and transmission adjustment component 41, power is transmitted to the synchronous pulley 42, which drives the screw rod 43 to rotate, driving the sleeve wrench 10 to rotate around its axis to tighten or loosen the nut. The torque sensor monitors the actual torque value transmitted to the sleeve wrench 10 in real time and sends the data to the control system 50. The control system 50 compares the torque value with the preset value, and if the actual torque deviates from the target range, adjusts the motor output power and speed to ensure that the torque is maintained within the preset range. The transmission adjustment component 41 optimizes the torque output by adjusting the reduction ratio to adapt to nuts of different specifications, achieving rapid model change. The entire process does not require manual intervention, is suitable for continuous operation of high-capacity capacity lines, and maintains stable operation under high and low temperature or high vibration working conditions.

[0058] Preferably, the sleeve wrench 10 is provided with a fixed seat 11, a spline nut shaft sleeve 12 and a ball spline nut 13 from inside to outside. The upper end of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 is matched with the fixed seat 11, and the lower end of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 is connected with the transmission component 40. The spline nut shaft sleeve 14 is provided with a spline shaft 14, and the upper end of the spline shaft 14 is connected with a bolt sleeve joint part 15.

[0059] Preferably, the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 is provided with at least one group of roller bearings 16 at the matched part with the fixed seat 11, so that the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 can rotate in the fixed seat 11.

[0060] Preferably, the sleeve wrench 10 has the structure as shown in Figure 3 from inside to outside. The fixed seat 11 is made of rigid metal material and is fixed on the rack of the external equipment as the supporting basis of the sleeve wrench 10. The upper end of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 is connected with the fixed seat 11 through precise matching, and the lower end is connected with the screw rod 43 of the transmission component 40 to transmit power. The ball spline nut 13 is sleeved outside the spline nut shaft sleeve 12, and the spline shaft 14 is provided inside the ball spline nut 13. The upper end of the spline shaft 14 is connected with the bolt sleeve joint part 15, which is designed to match the inner hole structure of the standard nut and is used for fastening or dismounting the connecting piece in the battery capacity distribution equipment. At least one group of roller bearings 16 is arranged at the matched part of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 and the fixed seat 11. The roller bearings 16 are installed between the inner side surface of the fixed seat 11 and the outer side surface of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 to realize the rotation of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 in the fixed seat 11 through rolling support. The screw rod 43 of the transmission component 40 is connected with the lower end of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 through the key groove 17. The power is driven by the torque servo motor 21 through the transmission adjustment component 41 and the synchronous pulley 42 to drive the screw rod 43 to rotate, and then drive the spline shaft 14 and the bolt sleeve joint part 15 to act, completing the tightening or loosening operation of the nut.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the core rotation and transmission structure of the socket wrench 10 is precisely coaxially assembled by multiple components, which is designed to achieve high precision and low friction torque transmission.

[0062] The outermost layer of the structure is a fixed seat 11, which is firmly installed on the frame of the external device as a stationary component, providing a high-rigid support and positioning reference for all internal rotating parts. Inside the fixed seat 11, a spline nut shaft sleeve 12 is installed through at least one set of roller bearings 16 (in this embodiment, as shown, specifically two upper and lower precision angular contact ball bearings). Figure 3 The upper end of the roller spline rod 14 is connected with a bolt sleeve joint 15 (i.e. socket), so as to apply precisely controlled torque to the external bolt.

[0063] The reason for preferring roller bearings 16 (or ball bearings) instead of other connection methods is that:

[0064] 1. High transmission efficiency: Rolling friction is much smaller than sliding friction, and using bearings can greatly reduce the resistance when the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 rotates, ensuring that the torque transmitted from the transmission component 40 can be transmitted down with minimal loss.

[0065] 2. High positioning accuracy: Precision bearings can simultaneously withstand radial and axial forces, providing high rotational accuracy for the rotating spline nut shaft sleeve 12, eliminating radial or axial movement, which is the basis for achieving accurate control of the final output torque.

[0066] 3. Long service life: Rolling bearings are designed for high-speed and long-life working conditions, which can meet the requirements of frequent start-stop and high-strength work in automated equipment.

[0067] In the present application, there is an optional implementation:

[0068] Sliding bearing (bushing): Although simple in structure and low in cost, it has large sliding friction, which will consume part of the torque and is prone to wear, and will generate clearance after long-term use, affecting the rotation accuracy, and is not suitable for the high-precision torque control scenario of the present application.

[0069] The lower end of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 is connected with the transmission component 40 (i.e. the shaft coupling 47) to receive power. Inside it, a ball spline nut 13 is fixed. The rod body of a roller spline rod 14 is inserted into the center of the ball spline nut 13 and connected through a key 17.

[0070] The reason for preferring ball spline connection is that:

[0071] 1. Zero backlash: the pre-tightened fit of the ball and the spline groove 17 by the key 17 can achieve zero or minimal backlash torque transmission, ensuring that the rotation of the ball spline nut 13 can be transmitted to the ball spline rod 14 without delay and impact.

[0072] 2. Smooth axial movement: the ball spline rod 14 can slide freely in the axial direction with very low friction while transmitting torque, providing the necessary conditions for the subsequent spring 143 buffering and resetting functions.

[0073] Preferably, the transmission component 40 further comprises a cross shaft gear 44 arranged at the end of the lead screw 43, the cross shaft gear 44 comprising a first helical gear 45 and a coupling 47, the coupling 47 being matched with the spline nut sleeve 12, the matching position of the coupling 47 and the spline nut sleeve 12 being provided with a key groove 17, the coupling 47 being fixed with the spline nut sleeve 12 through the key in the key groove 17, and the spline nut sleeve 12 being moved by the rotation of the first helical gear 45.

[0074] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in a preferred embodiment of the present application, in order to realize the transmission of power from the horizontal transmission shaft to the longitudinal sleeve wrench 10 rotating component, the transmission component 40 preferably adopts a set of cross shaft gear 44 mechanism. The cross shaft gear 44 is a classic solution to the problem of power transmission between two axes in space that are perpendicular but not intersecting, which is particularly suitable for the compact structure layout of the present device.

[0075] The cross shaft gear 44 mechanism specifically comprises a driving first helical gear 45 and a driven coupling 47. The first helical gear 45 is fixed at the end of the main transmission shaft of the transmission system and receives power from the torque servo motor 21. The coupling 47 is matched with the outer circumferential surface of the spline nut sleeve 12. In order to ensure that a large enough torque can be transmitted between the two without relative sliding, a key groove 17 is provided at the matching position, and a key is used to achieve rigid circumferential fixation. When the first helical gear 45 rotates with the transmission shaft, the helical teeth of the first helical gear 45 will drive the coupling 47 engaged with it to rotate, thereby driving the entire spline nut sleeve 12 to move.

[0076] The advantages of choosing the cross shaft gear 44 (helical gear) are:

[0077] 1. Smooth transmission and low noise: compared with spur gears, the teeth of helical gears gradually enter and exit engagement, which makes the transmission process very smooth, with little impact and vibration, and significantly reduces the working noise.

[0078] 2. Higher carrying capacity: the contact line of the helical gear is longer during transmission, and more teeth can be engaged at the same time, so it can withstand and transmit larger torque.

[0079] 3. Space layout flexibility: better solve the layout problem of the invention that the power needs to be turned 90 degrees, and the two shafts do not intersect in space.

[0080] Alternative options include:

[0081] Bevel gear drive: this scheme can also achieve 90-degree power steering, but it requires the two axes to intersect at a point in space, which will interfere with the compact internal structure design of the device and limit it, so it is not the best choice.

[0082] Worm gear drive: although it can also achieve 90-degree non-intersecting shaft transmission, it usually has a very large transmission ratio and self-locking characteristics, and the transmission efficiency is relatively low, more suitable for occasions that require a large amount of deceleration and torque increase, which overlaps with the function positioning of the existing speed reducer in the device.

[0083] Therefore, considering the transmission smoothness, carrying capacity and space layout, the use of staggered shaft helical gear transmission is the optimal design of the invention to achieve efficient and stable torque transmission.

[0084] Preferably, the outer side of the ball spline nut 13 is provided with a screw groove 19, and the ball spline nut sleeve 12 is provided with a screw hole 191, and the ball spline nut 13 and the ball spline nut sleeve 12 are provided with a fastening screw 192.

[0085] Among them, the fastening screw 192 is threaded into the screw hole 191 and cooperates with the screw groove 19 to realize the fixation of the ball spline nut 13 and the ball spline nut sleeve 12.

[0086] When the rotation of the first helical gear 45 drives the ball spline nut sleeve 12 to move, the fastening screw 192 abuts against the screw groove 19, and drives the ball spline nut 13 to rotate.

[0087] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 In one embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the torque input by the transmission component 40 can be transmitted from the ball spline nut sleeve 12 to the ball spline nut 13 without error or slip, the two are connected by mechanical fastening. Specifically, the wall of the ball spline nut sleeve 12 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 191 in the radial direction, and the outer circumferential surface of the ball spline nut 13 inside is provided with a screw groove 19. After the fastening screw 192 passes through the screw hole 191, the end thereof firmly abuts against the side wall or groove bottom of the screw groove 19, thereby rigidly locking the two together. When the transmission component 40 drives the ball spline nut sleeve 12 to rotate, the above-mentioned fastening screw 192 acts as a force transmission component, pushing the ball spline nut 13 to rotate synchronously.

[0088] Subsequently, the rotational torque of the ball spline nut 13 is transmitted to the central part of the roller spline shaft 14 through the roller keys 142. Specifically, the inner side surface of the ball spline nut 13 and the outer circumferential surface of the roller spline shaft 14 are both machined with roller key grooves 141 in the axial direction, and a plurality of roller keys 142 are accommodated in the linear channel formed by the inner and outer roller key grooves 141. When the ball spline nut 13 rotates, the side walls of the roller key grooves 141 of the ball spline nut 13 push the roller keys 142, which in turn push the side walls of the roller key grooves 141 of the roller spline shaft 14, thereby driving the roller spline shaft 14 to rotate synchronously with zero rotational backlash, while allowing the roller spline shaft 14 to smoothly slide in the axial direction.

[0089] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the roller spline shaft 14 and the inner side surface of the ball spline nut 13 are both provided with roller key grooves 141, and the roller spline shaft 14 and the ball spline nut 13 are provided with roller keys 142 therebetween;

[0090] When the ball spline nut 13 rotates, the roller keys 142 abut against the roller key grooves 141 and drive the roller spline shaft 14 to rotate.

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the present application, a roller key 142 connection structure is adopted between the ball spline nut 13 and the roller spline shaft 14 to achieve torque transmission therebetween.

[0092] Specifically, the inner circumferential surface of the ball spline nut 13 and the outer circumferential surface of the roller spline shaft 14 are both machined with a plurality of roller key grooves 141 in the axial direction. A plurality of roller keys 142 are accommodated and distributed in the linear channel formed by the inner and outer roller key grooves 141 of the ball spline nut 13 and the roller spline shaft 14.

[0093] When external power drives the ball spline nut 13 to rotate, the side walls of the roller key grooves 141 of the ball spline nut 13 push the roller keys 142. Since the roller keys 142 are simultaneously engaged with the roller key grooves 141 of the roller spline shaft 14, the pushing force is transmitted to the roller spline shaft 14 through the roller keys 142, thereby driving the roller spline shaft 14 and the ball spline nut 13 to rotate synchronously with zero rotational backlash. At the same time, this structure for transmitting torque through rolling elements also allows the roller spline shaft 14 to slide in the axial direction in the ball spline nut 13 with relatively small frictional resistance.

[0094] Preferably, a spring 143 is provided between the roller spline shaft 14 and the ball spline nut 13, with the upper and lower ends of the spring 143 abutting against the bolt sleeve part 15 and the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 respectively, so that the roller spline shaft 14 can displace in the axial direction in the ball spline nut 13;

[0095] The bolt sleeve joint 15 and the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 buffer the axial displacement of the roller spline shaft 14 through the spring 143.

[0096] In a specific embodiment of the present application, a spring 143 is installed between the roller spline shaft 14 and the ball spline nut 13 to achieve axial buffering and automatic reset of the output shaft.

[0097] The lower end of the spring 143 abuts the upper end surface of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12, and the upper end abuts the lower end surface of the bolt sleeve joint 15 fixed at the top end of the roller spline shaft 14. The spring 143 is in a pre-compressed state after assembly. When the bolt sleeve joint 15 contacts and compresses the workpiece (such as the head of a bolt), the roller spline shaft 14 will retract slightly in the axial direction, further compressing the spring 143, which achieves buffering of the axial displacement and avoids hard impact.

[0098] When the operation is completed and the socket wrench 10 is detached from the workpiece, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 143 is released, pushing the roller spline shaft 14 and the bolt sleeve joint 15 to automatically return to their initial extended position, ready for the next automated operation.

[0099] When the automated equipment drives the entire torque socket wrench to move downward to engage with the workpiece (such as the head of a bolt), the bolt sleeve joint 15 will first contact the workpiece. Due to the possibility of a small Z-axis error in automated positioning, the equipment may continue to move downward for a short distance. At this time, the presence of the spring 143 allows the roller spline shaft 14 to smoothly retract upward in the axial direction in the ball spline nut 13, further compressing the spring 143. This process absorbs the impact energy upon contact, serving as a buffer to avoid damage to the wrench itself, the workpiece, or the automated equipment from rigid collisions.

[0100] When the tightening or disassembly operation is completed, the axial pressure previously applied to the bolt sleeve joint 15 disappears after the control system instructs the automated equipment to lift the torque socket wrench upward away from the workpiece. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the further compressed spring 143 is immediately released. This powerful rebound force pushes the bolt sleeve joint 15 and the roller spline shaft 14 integrated with it downward, returning them to their initial working preparation position.

[0101] Preferably, the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 and the fixed seat 11 are further provided with a snap spring 144 between the outer surface of the spline nut shaft sleeve 12 and the inner surface of the fixed seat 11.

[0102] The snap spring 144 and the fixed seat 11 position the socket wrench 10 through the spline nut shaft sleeve 12.

[0103] In one embodiment of the present application, in order to achieve the precise positioning of the spline nut sleeve 12 in the fixed seat 11, especially the axial position fixing, a circlip 144 is further assembled between the two.

[0104] Specifically, a ring-shaped circlip 144 groove is machined on the outer circumferential surface of the spline nut sleeve 12. When assembling, after the spline nut sleeve 12 is placed in the fixed seat 11 together with its external rolling bearing, the circlip 144 (for example, a resilient split ring) is installed in the above-mentioned circlip 144 groove.

[0105] After installation is completed, the outer edge of the circlip 144 abuts against a positioning step inside the fixed seat 11 or the end face of the bearing. In this way, the circlip 144 and the fixed seat 11 jointly constitute an axial limit, which cooperates with the positioning structure on the other side of the bearing to firmly constrain the entire spline nut sleeve 12 in the vertical direction, preventing any axial movement of the spline nut sleeve 12 during equipment operation, thereby ensuring the position stability of the entire sleeve wrench 10 core assembly.

[0106] Preferably, the bottom of the roller spline rod 14 is provided with a limiting rod 145, one end of the limiting rod 145 is provided with a threaded structure connected with the roller spline rod 14, and the other end of the limiting rod 145 is provided with a limiting rod 146.

[0107] In one embodiment of the present application, in order to physically limit the axial stroke of the roller spline rod 14, a limiting rod 145 is further connected to the bottom thereof. One end of the limiting rod 145 is machined with a threaded structure, which is screwed into and fixed in the central screw hole at the bottom of the roller spline rod 14. The other end of the limiting rod 145 is fixed with a limiting rod 146 which has a larger diameter than the rod body itself. The purpose of this design is that when the roller spline rod 14 is displaced axially upward or downward during equipment operation, the limiting rod 146 at the bottom will eventually contact a certain preset stop surface or mechanical stop block on the rack. This contact provides a reliable mechanical hard limit, which can effectively prevent the roller spline rod 14 from colliding with external equipment due to excessive stroke, thereby improving the safety of equipment operation

[0108] Preferably, the control system 50 comprises a parameter input device connected with the power unit 20 and the detection unit 30 through a cable, the parameter input device is provided with a human-computer interaction interface for inputting parameters of torque value, rotating speed and rotating direction, and the control system 50 generates control instructions according to the parameters and sends the control instructions to the torque servo motor 21.

[0109] In one embodiment of the application, the control system 50 further comprises a parameter input device for human-machine interaction. The parameter input device can be an industrial touch screen or an operation panel with physical buttons, which is electrically connected and in data communication with the control system 50 as the core, as well as the power unit 20 and the detection unit 30 through a cable. Through the human-machine interface of the device, the operator can intuitively input the key process parameters required for this operation, such as the target torque value, the preset rotation speed, and the rotation direction (tightening or loosening). After the input is completed, the control system 50 will generate corresponding control instructions according to these parameters and send them to the torque servo motor 21 to accurately start and execute the automated tightening or disassembly task.

[0110] Preferably, a positioning structure is arranged at the connection between the upper end of the roller spline rod 14 and the bolt sleeve 15, and a locking hole 147 is arranged on the positioning structure, which is connected with the bolt sleeve 15 through a pin.

[0111] The working principle of the torque sleeve wrench adapted to automation of the application is as follows:

[0112] In one embodiment of the application, in order to ensure that the bolt sleeve (i.e. the sleeve) can be rigidly connected with the end of the roller spline rod without relative rotation, a special positioning structure is arranged between the two. Specifically, the upper end of the roller spline rod is processed into a specific geometric shape, such as a positioning step or a non-circular cross section, for preliminary shape fitting with the inner hole of the bolt sleeve. A locking hole is radially machined on the positioning structure. After the bolt sleeve is sleeved on the positioning structure of the roller spline rod, the hole on the side wall of the bolt sleeve will be aligned with the locking hole. At this time, a pin (such as a resilient cylindrical pin or a split pin) is inserted through the aligned holes, thereby realizing mechanical locking and ensuring that the torque output by the roller spline rod can be completely and without slip transmitted to the bolt sleeve.

[0113] The application is an electromechanical integrated process combining precise power transmission and real-time closed-loop feedback, mainly including the following core steps:

[0114] 1. Parameter setting and instruction issuing: First, the operator inputs the required parameters such as the target torque value, the rotation speed, and the rotation direction (tightening or loosening) through the human-machine interface of the control system. After receiving these parameters, the control system will convert them into specific control instructions and send them to the torque servo motor as the power source.

[0115] 2. Power transmission and torque application: After receiving the command, the torque servo motor starts to work, and the rotational power output by the torque servo motor is transmitted to the first helical gear through the transmission system (for example, through the speed reducer, shaft coupling, transmission shaft). The first helical gear then drives the second helical gear engaged with it, thereby driving the synchronous rotation of the ball spline nut and the ball spline nut. Finally, the ball spline nut drives the output sleeve at the top of the roller spline rod to rotate through the spline connection, and the torque is applied to the target bolt.

[0116] 3. Torque closed-loop feedback control: During the entire power transmission process, the torque sensor installed in series will monitor and measure the actual torque applied to the output sleeve in real time and with high precision. The torque data is continuously sent back to the control system as a feedback signal. The control system continuously compares the actual torque value fed back with the preset target torque value, and adjusts the output power and speed of the torque servo motor in real time and dynamically according to the deviation between the two, so as to eliminate the deviation.

[0117] 4. Operation completion and automatic reset: When the torque sensor detects that the actual torque reaches the preset value, the control system will immediately issue a command to stop the motor operation, thereby completing a precise torque tightening operation. When the wrench is removed from the work object, the spring assembly inside will use the elastic potential energy stored to automatically push the output sleeve and the roller spline rod back to the initial position. The reset state is detected by the position sensor, and after confirming the homing, the entire device is ready for the next operation cycle.

[0118] The structure of the torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation described in the present application is known in the art.

[0119] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the technical solution content of the present application, are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automated torque socket wrench adapted for tightening or loosening a bolt, characterized by, It includes: sleeve wrench; power unit, the power unit includes torque servo motor, the torque servo motor is used for driving the sleeve wrench rotates; detection unit, the detection unit is connected with the power unit through the shaft coupling; transmission components, the transmission components include transmission adjustment piece, synchronous pulley and screw rod which are connected in sequence, the screw rod is connected with the sleeve wrench; control system, the control system is connected with the power unit and detection unit, the size of the torque transmitted is monitored in real time according to detection unit, and the data is fed back to the control system, the rotation speed of the sleeve wrench is adjusted through the preset torque value, and the output power of the power unit is adjusted.

2. The torque sleeve wrench of claim 1, wherein: the sleeve wrench is provided with a fixed seat, a spline nut shaft sleeve and a ball spline nut from inside to outside in sequence, the upper end of the spline nut shaft sleeve is matched with the fixed seat, the lower end of the spline nut shaft sleeve is connected with the transmission component, the spline nut is provided with a roller spline rod, and the upper end of the roller spline rod is connected with a bolt sleeve joint part. Wherein, at least one set of roller bearings is arranged at the matching part of the spline nut shaft sleeve and the fixed seat, so that the spline nut shaft sleeve can rotate in the fixed seat.

3. The torque sleeve wrench of claim 2, wherein: the transmission component further includes a staggered shaft gear arranged at the end of the screw rod, the staggered shaft gear includes a first helical gear and a second helical gear, the second helical gear is matched with the spline nut shaft sleeve, a key groove is arranged at the matching part of the second helical gear and the spline nut shaft sleeve, the second helical gear is fixed with the spline nut shaft sleeve through the key in the key groove, and the spline nut shaft sleeve is driven to move through the rotation of the first helical gear.

4. The torque sleeve wrench of claim 2, wherein: a screw groove is arranged on the outer side of the ball spline nut, a screw hole is arranged on the spline nut shaft sleeve, and a fastening screw is arranged between the ball spline nut and the spline nut shaft sleeve. Wherein, the fastening screw is arranged in the screw hole and matched with the screw groove to realize the fixation of the ball spline nut and the spline nut shaft sleeve. When the first helical gear drives the spline nut shaft sleeve to move, the fastening screw abuts against the screw groove and drives the ball spline nut to rotate.

5. The torque sleeve wrench of claim 2, wherein: roller key grooves are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the roller spline rod and the inner side of the ball spline nut, and a roller key is arranged between the roller spline rod and the ball spline nut. When the ball spline nut rotates, the roller key abuts against the roller key groove and drives the roller spline rod to rotate.

6. The torque sleeve wrench of claim 2, wherein: The spring is arranged between the roller spline rod and the ball spline nut, and upper and lower ends of the spring are respectively abutted to the bolt sleeve joint part and the spline nut shaft sleeve, so that the roller spline rod can be axially displaced in the ball spline nut. The bolt sleeve joint part and the spline nut shaft sleeve buffer the axial displacement of the roller spline rod through the spring, and the spring can reset the bolt sleeve joint part.

7. The torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to claim 2, wherein: The spline nut shaft sleeve and the fixed seat are further provided with a snap spring at the matching part, and the snap spring is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the spline nut shaft sleeve and the inner side surface of the fixed seat. The snap spring and the fixed seat position the sleeve wrench through the spline nut shaft sleeve.

8. The torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to claim 2, wherein: The bottom of the roller spline rod is provided with a limiting rod, one end of the limiting rod is provided with a threaded structure and connected with the roller spline rod, and the other end of the limiting rod is provided with a limiting block.

9. The torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to claim 1, wherein: The control system comprises a parameter input device, the parameter input device is connected with the power unit and the detection unit through a cable, the parameter input device is provided with a human-computer interaction interface, the human-computer interaction interface is used for inputting parameters of torque value, rotating speed and rotating direction, the control system generates a control instruction according to the parameters and sends the control instruction to the torque servo motor.

10. The torque sleeve wrench suitable for automation according to claim 1, wherein: A positioning structure is arranged at the connection part between the upper end of the roller spline rod and the bolt sleeve joint part, a locking hole is arranged on the positioning structure, and the locking hole is connected with the bolt sleeve joint part through a pin.

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