Thermal management system, control method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal management system, a control method and a vehicle. The thermal management system comprises a radiator, a cooling fan, an air volume coupling assembly, a first switch and a second switch. The radiator is connected with a radiating loop of the fuel cell stack; the cooling fan is positioned on one side, deviating from the fuel cell stack, of the radiator; the radiator is used for blowing air to the radiator; the air volume coupling assembly is used for coupling condenser hot air of the air conditioning system with the air outlet end of the radiator through a hot air pipeline and coupling evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system with the air blowing end of the radiator through a cold air pipeline. The first switch is arranged on the hot air pipeline, and the second switch is arranged on the cold air pipeline. According to the system, the condenser and the evaporator of the air-conditioning system can be coupled with the radiator through the air volume coupling assembly, the radiating capacity of the radiator is improved, and the heat requirement of the fuel cell stack under extreme working conditions is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to a thermal management system, a thermal management control method and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, when a fuel cell stack faces a large heat dissipation requirement, a high-power heat dissipation fan or a large heat dissipation core size is usually selected to enhance convection, and the heat dissipation capacity is improved by changing the radiator body. However, due to the limited space in the vehicle, it is usually difficult to meet the size requirement, resulting in low heat dissipation capacity of the radiator, which cannot meet the heat requirement of the fuel cell stack under extreme working conditions. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a thermal management system which can couple the condenser and evaporator of an air conditioning system with a radiator through a wind volume coupling assembly to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator and meet the heat requirement of the fuel cell stack under extreme working conditions.

[0004] A second object of the present application is to provide a thermal management control method.

[0005] A third object of the present application is to provide a vehicle.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a thermal management system, comprising: a radiator connected with a heat dissipation circuit of a fuel cell stack; a heat dissipation fan located on a side of the radiator away from the fuel cell stack, the heat dissipation fan being used to blow air to the radiator; a wind volume coupling assembly used to couple the condenser hot air of an air conditioning system with the air outlet end of the radiator through a hot air pipeline and to couple the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system with the air blowing end of the radiator through a cold air pipeline; a first switch and a second switch, the first switch being arranged on the hot air pipeline, and the second switch being arranged on the cold air pipeline.

[0007] The thermal management system according to the embodiment of the present application couples the condenser hot air of an air conditioning system with the air outlet end of a radiator and couples the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system with the air blowing end of the radiator. When the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is insufficient, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be conductive, so that the condenser hot air and the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system participate in heat dissipation, the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is improved, and the heat requirement of the fuel cell stack under extreme working conditions is met.

[0008] In some embodiments, the air volume coupling assembly comprises: a first air collector arranged at an air outlet side of a condenser of the air conditioning system and configured to transmit the condenser hot air to an air outlet end of the heat sink through the hot air pipeline, an end of the hot air pipeline being at a preset angle with respect to an air outlet direction of the air outlet end of the heat sink to blow air downward toward the ground; and a second air collector arranged at an air outlet side of an evaporator of the air conditioning system and configured to transmit the evaporator cold air to an air blowing end of the heat sink through the cold air pipeline, an air outlet direction of the cold air pipeline being parallel to an air blowing direction of the air blowing end of the heat sink.

[0009] The second aspect of the present application provides a thermal management control method for the thermal management system described in the above embodiments, the thermal management control method comprising: acquiring a system power of the fuel cell stack or an outlet temperature of the heat sink in the thermal management system or an inlet temperature of the heat sink in the thermal management system; and controlling on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system according to an extreme working condition thermal management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature.

[0010] The thermal management control method according to the embodiments of the present application, when dissipating heat from the fuel cell stack, acquires the system power of the fuel cell stack or the outlet temperature of the heat sink in the thermal management system or the inlet temperature of the heat sink in the thermal management system in real time, judges whether the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the extreme working condition thermal management condition, and when the extreme working condition thermal management condition is met, the heat sink has insufficient heat dissipation capacity, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be turned on, so that the condenser hot air and the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system participate in heat dissipation, the heat dissipation capacity of the heat sink is improved, and the heat demand of the fuel cell stack under the extreme working condition is met.

[0011] In some embodiments, the controlling of the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system according to the extreme working condition thermal management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature comprises: when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets a first extreme working condition thermal management condition, controlling the first switch to be turned on and the second switch to be in an off state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first extreme working condition thermal management condition comprises: the system power being greater than a first power threshold, wherein the first power threshold is a system power boundary value of the fuel cell stack when the condenser hot air coupling is turned on under a preset extreme working condition; or the outlet temperature being greater than a first outlet temperature threshold, the first outlet temperature threshold being an outlet temperature value of the heat sink corresponding to the first power threshold; or the inlet temperature being greater than a first inlet temperature threshold, the first inlet temperature threshold being an inlet temperature of the heat sink corresponding to the first power threshold.

[0013] In some embodiments, the controlling the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system according to the extreme operating condition thermal management condition satisfied by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature further comprises: when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature satisfies a second extreme operating condition thermal management condition, controlling the second switch to be turned on and the first switch to maintain a turned-on state.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second extreme operating condition thermal management condition comprises: the first switch being in a turned-on state and the system power being greater than a second power threshold, the second power threshold being a system power boundary value of the fuel cell stack when a wind volume coupling of the condenser and the evaporator is turned on under a preset extreme operating condition, the second power threshold being greater than the first power threshold; or, the outlet temperature being greater than a second outlet temperature threshold, the second outlet temperature threshold being an outlet temperature value of the radiator when corresponding to the second power threshold, the second outlet temperature threshold being greater than the first outlet temperature threshold; or, the inlet temperature being greater than a second inlet temperature threshold, the second inlet temperature threshold being an inlet temperature of the radiator when corresponding to the second power threshold, the second inlet temperature threshold being greater than the first inlet temperature threshold.

[0015] In some embodiments, the controlling the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system according to the extreme operating condition thermal management condition satisfied by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature further comprises: when the system power is greater than the first power threshold and the system power is less than the second power threshold, controlling the second switch to be turned off; or, when the system power is less than the first power threshold, controlling the first switch to be turned off.

[0016] A third aspect embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, the vehicle being used to implement the thermal management control method described in the above embodiments; or, the vehicle comprising: a fuel cell stack and an air conditioning system, the air conditioning system comprising a condenser and an evaporator; the thermal management system described in the above embodiments, the thermal management system being used to implement the wind volume coupling of the condenser, the evaporator and a radiator based on the thermal management control method described in the above embodiments.

[0017] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, the condenser hot air of the air conditioning system is coupled with the outlet end of the radiator, the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system is coupled with the blowing end of the radiator, when the fuel cell stack is cooled, the system power of the fuel cell stack or the outlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system or the inlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system is acquired in real time, whether the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the extreme condition thermal management condition is judged, when the extreme condition thermal management condition is met, the radiator cooling capacity is insufficient, by controlling the first switch and the second switch to be turned on, the condenser hot air and the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system are used to participate in cooling, the radiator cooling capacity is improved, and the thermal demand of the fuel cell stack under the extreme condition is met.

[0018] In some embodiments, the vehicle further comprises: a current detector configured to detect a system current of the fuel cell stack; a voltage detector configured to detect a system voltage of the fuel cell stack; a first temperature detector configured to detect an outlet temperature of the radiator; a second temperature detector configured to detect an inlet temperature of the radiator; and a controller connected with the current detector, the voltage detector, the first temperature detector, the second temperature detector, the first switch and the second switch of the thermal management system, configured to obtain a system power based on the system current and the system voltage, and configured to control the first switch and the second switch.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a flow chart of a thermal management control method according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a flow chart of a management control step according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a controller working process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Reference Signs: vehicle 200; The heat management system 100; the fuel cell stack 210; the air conditioning system 220; the radiator 1; the radiator fan 2; the first switch 3; the second switch 4; the current detector 201; the voltage detector 202; the first temperature detector 203; the second temperature detector 204; the controller 230. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

[0023] In the fuel cell commercial vehicle application scenario, high power has become an industry trend. High-power fuel cells are accompanied by the problem of high heat dissipation demand, which brings a series of challenges to the heat dissipation system. The existing fuel cell heat dissipation mode is to use a radiator to dissipate heat, the cooling liquid in the radiator core is full of cooling liquid, and the heat in the cooling liquid is taken away by forced convection, and at the same time, the radiator fan is turned on, and the heat transfer is realized by the convection of cold air and the cooling liquid in the radiator core, thereby cooling the fuel cell stack. The above method is the method commonly used by the existing fuel cell heat management system, but due to the space limitation of the fuel cell commercial vehicle and the requirement of the vehicle energy consumption, in the summer high temperature, vehicle climbing and other extreme conditions, the radiator will not meet the heat dissipation demand of the fuel cell stack.

[0024] In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a heat management system, which can couple the condenser and evaporator of the air conditioning system with the radiator through the air volume coupling assembly, improve the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator, and meet the heat demand of the fuel cell stack in extreme conditions.

[0025] Reference is made below to Figure 1 A heat management system according to the first aspect of the present application is described as follows. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the heat management system 100 includes: a radiator 1, a radiator fan 2, an air volume coupling assembly, a first switch 3 and a second switch 4.

[0026] The radiator 1 is connected with the heat dissipation circuit of the fuel cell stack; the radiator fan 2 is located on the side of the radiator 1 away from the fuel cell stack, and the radiator fan 2 is used to blow air to the radiator 1; the air volume coupling assembly is used to couple the condenser hot air of the air conditioning system with the air outlet end of the radiator 1 through the hot air pipeline and couple the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system with the air blowing end of the radiator 1 through the cold air pipeline; the first switch 3 is arranged on the hot air pipeline, and the second switch 4 is arranged on the cold air pipeline.

[0027] Specifically, in the process of heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack, the radiator 1 is blown by the heat dissipation fan 2, heat transfer is realized by the convection of cold air and the cooling liquid in the radiator 1, and then the fuel cell stack is cooled down. However, in the extreme working condition, only the radiator 1 is used for heat dissipation, the heat dissipation capacity is low and the heat dissipation is not timely. In order to avoid failure, the output power of the fuel cell stack can only be limited. The extreme working condition mainly refers to the high temperature working condition, for example, the temperature is higher than 40 degrees, or the working condition of high temperature and climbing.

[0028] Therefore, the air volume coupling assembly is added in the heat management system of the present application. The air volume coupling assembly is used for coupling the hot air of the condenser of the air conditioning system with the air outlet end of the radiator 1 through the hot air pipeline, and coupling the cold air of the evaporator of the air conditioning system with the blowing end of the radiator 1 through the cold air pipeline. The condenser is the heat discharge end of the air conditioning system, which is responsible for releasing the heat absorbed from the indoor to the outdoor environment. Therefore, the condenser is coupled with the air outlet end of the radiator 1 through the hot air pipeline. The evaporator is the heat absorption end of the air conditioning system, which is responsible for absorbing heat from the indoor air to achieve the cooling effect. The evaporator absorbs the heat of the surrounding air through the evaporation process of the refrigerant to form cold air. Therefore, the evaporator is coupled with the blowing end of the radiator 1 through the cold air pipeline.

[0029] In the process of heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack, the radiator 1 is blown by the heat dissipation fan 2, heat transfer is realized by the convection of cold air and the cooling liquid in the radiator 1, that is, the cold air is blown to the blowing end of the radiator 1 by the heat dissipation fan 2, and the cold air becomes hot air after absorbing the heat of the radiator 1 and is discharged from the air outlet end of the radiator 1. Therefore, the condenser is coupled with the air outlet end of the radiator 1 through the hot air pipeline, that is, the condenser hot air is in convection with the hot air of the air outlet end of the radiator 1, the flow rate of the air flowing through the radiator 1 is accelerated, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. The evaporator is coupled with the blowing end of the radiator 1 through the cold air pipeline, that is, the evaporator cold air and the cold air blown by the fan 2 blow to the radiator 1 together, the air volume blown to the radiator 1 is improved, and the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator 1 is improved. The first switch 3 is arranged on the hot air pipeline, and the second switch 4 is arranged on the cold air pipeline. Whether the evaporator and the condenser blow to the radiator 1 is controlled by the first switch 3 and the second switch 4. In the normal working condition of the vehicle, the first switch 3 and the second switch 4 are opened, the heat dissipation fan 2 and the radiator 1 work, and the heat dissipation demand of the fuel cell stack can be met. In the extreme working condition, the first switch 3 is closed, or the first switch 3 and the second switch 4 are both closed, the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator 1 is improved, and the output power of the fuel cell stack is ensured.

[0030] The heat management system according to the embodiment of the present application couples the condenser hot air of the air conditioning system with the air outlet end of the radiator, and couples the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system with the air blowing end of the radiator, and when the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is insufficient, the condenser hot air and the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system are made to participate in heat dissipation by controlling the conduction of the first switch and the second switch, so as to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator, and meet the heat demand of the fuel cell stack under extreme working conditions.

[0031] In some embodiments, the air volume coupling group comprises: a first air collecting hood and a second air collecting hood.

[0032] The first air collecting hood is arranged at the air outlet side of the condenser of the air conditioning system and transmits the condenser hot air to the air outlet end of the radiator 1 through a hot air pipeline, and the end of the hot air pipeline is at a preset angle with the air outlet direction of the radiator 1 to blow air downward to the ground. Figure 1 The second air collecting hood is arranged at the air outlet side of the evaporator of the air conditioning system and transmits the evaporator cold air to the air blowing end of the radiator 1 through a cold air pipeline, and the air outlet direction of the cold air pipeline is parallel to the air blowing end direction of the radiator 1. Figure 1

[0033] Specifically, the first air collecting hood is used to collect the hot air discharged by the condenser of the air conditioning system, so the first air collecting hood is arranged at the air outlet side of the condenser of the air conditioning system and transmits the condenser hot air to the air outlet end of the radiator 1 through a hot air pipeline, and the end of the hot air pipeline is at a preset angle with the air outlet direction of the radiator 1 to blow air downward to the ground, so that the condenser hot air blows downward to the ground at a preset angle, the convection of the hot air discharged by the condenser and the hot air at the air outlet end of the radiator 1 is generated, the flow rate of the air flowing through the radiator 1 is accelerated, and thus the heat dissipation efficiency is improved; the second air collecting hood is used to collect the cold air discharged by the evaporator of the air conditioning system, so the second air collecting hood is arranged at the air outlet side of the evaporator of the air conditioning system and transmits the evaporator cold air to the air blowing end of the radiator 1 through a cold air pipeline, and the air outlet direction of the cold air pipeline is parallel to the air blowing end direction of the radiator 1, so that the evaporator cold air and the cold air blown out by the air blower 2 blow to the radiator 1 in parallel, the air volume blowing to the radiator 1 is improved, and thus the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator 1 is improved.

[0034] For example, the present application provides an extreme working condition heat management control strategy for coupling a commercial vehicle cab air conditioning system with a heat management system. By utilizing the outlet air volume of the condenser and the evaporator of the cab air conditioning system to improve convection, the air volume of the fuel cell stack radiator is improved, and thus the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator under extreme working conditions is improved, which solves the pain point that the original radiator of the fuel cell commercial vehicle cannot meet the heat dissipation demand under extreme working conditions such as high temperature and climbing, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells.

[0035] ​By increasing the pipeline at the outlet end of the cab air conditioner evaporator and condenser respectively, the condenser is connected with the outlet end of the heat dissipation fan, and the evaporator is connected with the inlet end of the heat dissipation fan. The condenser hot air inlet is at the outlet end of the radiator, and the wind direction is inclined downward to the ground. The evaporator cold air inlet is at the outlet end of the radiator, and the wind direction is parallel to the inlet wind direction of the radiator. The cab air conditioning system is coupled with the radiator, the outlet air of the air conditioner condenser and evaporator is introduced into the radiator end, and the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is improved.

[0036] The second aspect of the present application provides a heat management control method, as shown in the figure, which comprises steps S1 to S2. Figure 2

[0037] Step S1, acquiring the system power of the fuel cell stack or acquiring the outlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system or acquiring the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system.

[0038] Specifically, during vehicle driving, the greater the working power of the fuel cell stack, the higher the heat generated, and the cooling liquid in the heat dissipation circuit of the fuel cell stack absorbs more heat and the temperature rises accordingly. Therefore, the temperature detected by the inlet temperature detector of the radiator in the heat management system also rises accordingly, and since the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is fixed, the outlet temperature of the radiator also rises accordingly. That is, the greater the working power of the fuel cell stack, the higher the heat generated, resulting in the increase of the outlet temperature of the radiator and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system. By real-time detection of the system power of the fuel cell stack or acquisition of the outlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system or acquisition of the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system, the working condition of the vehicle can be determined.

[0039] Step S2, controlling the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the heat management system according to the extreme working condition heat management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature.

[0040] Specifically, the extreme working condition mainly refers to high temperature working condition, such as temperature exceeding 40 degrees, or high temperature and climbing working condition, etc. During vehicle driving, the system power of the fuel cell stack, the outlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system are acquired in real time. Since the greater the working power of the fuel cell stack, the higher the heat generated, resulting in the increase of the outlet temperature of the radiator and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system, when any one of the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the extreme working condition heat management condition, the heat dissipation of the radiator in the heat management system is not timely, and the heat dissipation is not effective. At this time, the first switch is closed, or the first switch and the second switch are both closed, to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator and ensure the output power of the fuel cell stack. The extreme working condition heat management condition can be understood as the condition for judging whether the first switch and the second switch need to be closed to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator in the extreme working condition.

[0041] ​According to the heat management control method, when the fuel cell stack is cooled, the system power of the fuel cell stack or the outlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system or the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system is acquired in real time, it is judged whether the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the extreme condition heat management condition, when the extreme condition heat management condition is met, the radiator has insufficient cooling capacity, the hot air of the condenser of the air conditioning system and the cold air of the evaporator are used for cooling by controlling the conduction of the first switch and the second switch, the cooling capacity of the radiator is improved, and the heat demand of the fuel cell stack under the extreme condition is met.

[0042] In some embodiments, according to the extreme condition heat management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature, the opening and closing of the first switch and the second switch in the heat management system is controlled, including: when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the first extreme condition heat management condition, the first switch is controlled to be conducted and the second switch is controlled to be in the off state.

[0043] Specifically, under the extreme condition, the fuel cell stack has a large power, which causes the fuel cell temperature to rise and the cooling liquid temperature to rise correspondingly, the system power of the fuel cell stack, the outlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system are acquired in real time, when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the first extreme condition heat management condition, it indicates that the cooling efficiency of the radiator is low, at this time, the first switch is conducted and the second switch is in the off state, the condenser hot air is blown downward at a preset angle to the ground, so that the convection between the condenser hot air and the outlet air of the radiator is generated, the flow rate of the air flowing through the radiator is accelerated, and the cooling efficiency is improved, and the first extreme condition heat management condition can be understood as a condition for judging whether the first switch needs to be closed to improve the cooling capacity of the radiator under the extreme condition.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first extreme condition heat management condition includes: the system power is greater than a first power threshold, wherein the first power threshold is a system power boundary value of the fuel cell stack when the condenser hot air coupling is opened under a preset extreme condition; or the outlet temperature is greater than a first outlet temperature threshold, the first outlet temperature threshold being a preset outlet temperature value of the radiator corresponding to the first power threshold; or the inlet temperature is greater than a first inlet temperature threshold, the first inlet temperature threshold being a preset inlet temperature of the radiator corresponding to the first power threshold.

[0045] Specifically, during vehicle driving, the system power of the fuel cell stack, the outlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system, and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system are acquired in real time. When the system power is greater than a first power threshold, or the outlet temperature is greater than a first outlet temperature threshold, or the inlet temperature is greater than a first inlet temperature threshold, it is determined that an extreme working condition exists. The first switch is turned on to couple the condenser hot air with the outlet end of the radiator to improve the heat dissipation capacity. The first power threshold, the first outlet temperature threshold, and the first inlet temperature threshold correspond to each other. When the system power is greater than the first power threshold, the outlet temperature is certainly greater than the first outlet temperature threshold, and the inlet temperature is certainly greater than the first inlet temperature threshold.

[0046] For example, the first power threshold can be 50 kW, the first outlet temperature threshold can be 40℃, and the first inlet temperature threshold can be 50℃. During normal vehicle driving, the fuel cell stack power is 40 kW. In extreme working conditions such as uphill, the fuel cell stack power is 51 kW or 52 kW, which exceeds the first power threshold 50 kW. The fuel cell stack power increases, and the temperature increases accordingly. The cooling liquid inlet temperature is 52℃ or 53℃, and the outlet temperature is 41℃ or 43℃ after heat dissipation through the radiator. The outlet temperature is greater than the first outlet temperature threshold, and the inlet temperature is greater than the first inlet temperature threshold. Therefore, the first switch is turned on, and the condenser hot air blows downward toward the ground at a preset angle, so that the condenser exhaust hot air and the radiator outlet hot air produce convection, accelerate the flow rate of the air flowing through the radiator, and thus improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0047] For example, the first switch and the second switch are arranged at the outlet ends of the air conditioner condenser and the evaporator, respectively. The purpose is to realize that when the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator itself cannot meet the heat dissipation demand, the air volume can be regulated by controlling the first switch and the second switch, so as to finally meet the heat dissipation demand. The parameters in extreme working conditions are calibrated through vehicle road test, including the system power P (the first power threshold P1 is the power boundary corresponding to the first switch when the condenser is turned on, and the second power threshold P2 is the power boundary corresponding to the second switch when the evaporator is turned on. The system power is represented by the calibrated system voltage U and the system current I), the radiator cooling liquid inlet temperature T 入 (the first power threshold P1 power point corresponds to the first inlet temperature threshold T 入1 , and the second power threshold P2 power point corresponds to the second inlet temperature threshold T 入2 ), and the radiator cooling liquid outlet temperature T 出 (the first power threshold P1 power point corresponds to the first outlet temperature threshold T 出1 , and the second power threshold P2 power point corresponds to the second outlet temperature threshold T 出2 ). This process is the starting boundary of the coupling strategy.

[0048] The above parameters are collected during the operation of the vehicle, when the system power P > a first power threshold P1, or the inlet temperature T 入 > a first inlet temperature threshold T 入1 , or the outlet temperature T 出 > a first outlet temperature threshold T 出1 , the first switch is turned on, and the condenser hot air is introduced into the outlet end of the radiator. This process is that when the radiator cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement, the condenser hot air is introduced first to increase the convective air volume at the outlet end of the radiator and improve the convective heat dissipation capacity of the radiator.

[0049] In some embodiments, according to the extreme working condition thermal management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature, the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system is controlled, and the method further comprises: when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets a second extreme working condition thermal management condition, the second switch is controlled to be turned on and the first switch is maintained in the turned-on state.

[0050] Specifically, in the extreme working condition, the fuel cell stack power is large, which causes the fuel cell temperature to rise and the cooling liquid temperature to rise correspondingly. The system power of the fuel cell stack, the outlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system, and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system are obtained in real time. When the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the second extreme working condition thermal management condition, it indicates that the radiator has low heat dissipation efficiency. At this time, the first switch is turned on, and the second switch is also turned on. The condenser hot air is blown downward at a preset angle to the ground, so that the convective flow is generated between the hot air discharged from the condenser and the hot air at the outlet end of the radiator, the flow rate of the air flowing through the radiator is accelerated, and the air flow direction of the evaporator cold air is parallel to the air flow direction of the air fan, that is, the evaporator cold air and the cold air blown by the air fan blow to the radiator together, so that the air volume blown to the radiator is increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. The second extreme working condition thermal management condition can be understood as a condition for judging whether the extreme working condition requires the first switch and the second switch to be closed to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator.

[0051] In some embodiments, the second extreme working condition thermal management condition comprises: the first switch is in the turned-on state and the system power is greater than a second power threshold, the second power threshold is a system power boundary value of the fuel cell stack when the air volume coupling of the turned-on condenser and evaporator is calibrated in a preset extreme working condition, and the second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold; or the outlet temperature is greater than a second outlet temperature threshold, the second outlet temperature threshold is an outlet temperature value of the radiator corresponding to the second power threshold when calibrated, and the second outlet temperature threshold is greater than the first outlet temperature threshold; or the inlet temperature is greater than a second inlet temperature threshold, the second inlet temperature threshold is an inlet temperature of the radiator corresponding to the second power threshold when calibrated, and the second inlet temperature threshold is greater than the first inlet temperature threshold.

[0052] Specifically, during vehicle driving, the system power of the fuel cell stack, the outlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system, and the inlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system are acquired in real time. When the system power is greater than a second power threshold, or the outlet temperature is greater than a second outlet temperature threshold, or the inlet temperature is greater than a second inlet temperature threshold, a second extreme working condition thermal management condition is met, the first switch and the second switch are both closed, the condenser hot air is coupled with the outlet end of the radiator, and the evaporator cold air is coupled with the blowing end of the radiator to improve the heat dissipation capacity. The second power threshold, the second outlet temperature threshold, and the second inlet temperature threshold correspond to each other. When the system power is greater than the second power threshold, the outlet temperature is greater than the second outlet temperature threshold, and the inlet temperature is greater than the second inlet temperature threshold.

[0053] For example, the second power threshold can be 60 kW, the first outlet temperature threshold can be 50℃, and the first inlet temperature threshold can be 60℃. During normal driving of the vehicle, the fuel cell stack power is 40 kW, and in the extreme working condition of a relatively steep slope, the fuel cell stack power is 61 kW or 62 kW, which exceeds the second power threshold 60 kW. The fuel cell stack power increases, and the temperature increases accordingly. The cooling liquid inlet temperature is 62℃ or 63℃, and after heat dissipation through the radiator, the outlet temperature is 51℃ or 53℃. The outlet temperature is greater than the second outlet temperature threshold, and the inlet temperature is greater than the second inlet temperature threshold. Therefore, the first switch and the second switch are both turned on, the condenser hot air blows downward at a preset angle, the condenser removes the hot air from the outlet end of the radiator to generate convection, the flow rate of air flowing through the radiator is accelerated, the evaporator cold air is blown together with the cold air blown by the fan to the radiator, and the air volume blown to the radiator is increased.

[0054] For example, further load power is illustrated. When the first switch is closed and the system power P is greater than a second power threshold P2, or the inlet temperature T 入 is greater than a second inlet temperature threshold T 入2 , or the outlet temperature T 出 is greater than a second outlet temperature threshold T 出2 , the second switch is opened, and the evaporator cold air is introduced into the blowing end of the radiator. This process is to introduce the evaporator cold air to increase the convection air volume of the radiator and increase the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the radiator when the radiator heat dissipation capacity does not meet the heat dissipation requirement again.

[0055] In some embodiments, according to the extreme working condition thermal management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature, the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system is controlled, and the method further includes: when the system power is greater than a first power threshold and the system power is less than a second power threshold, controlling the second switch to be turned off; or when the system power is less than the first power threshold, controlling the first switch to be turned off.

[0056] Specifically, when the system power is greater than the second power threshold, both the first switch and the second switch are closed, the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator is improved, and the system power is still detected, after the vehicle passes through the extreme working condition, the fuel cell stack power is reduced, when the system power is greater than the first power threshold and the system power is less than the second power threshold, the second switch is turned off, and the evaporator cold air is no longer blown to the radiator; when the system power is less than the first power threshold, it is indicated that the radiator can meet the heat dissipation demand, at this time, the first switch is also turned off, and the condenser hot air is no longer blown downward to the ground at a preset angle, and heat dissipation is only performed through the radiator.

[0057] For example, after the power load is ended, when the first power threshold P1 < system power P < second power threshold P2, the second switch is closed; when the system power P < first power threshold P1, the first switch is closed, and the system returns to the normal running state, and the process is that the second switch and the first switch are sequentially closed when the system power is reduced, and the system returns to the normal running state.

[0058] As shown in Figure 3 The heat management control process can include the following steps: Step S01, in the extreme working condition (high temperature, climbing), the system heat dissipation demand rises, and the radiator cannot meet the system heat dissipation demand.

[0059] Step S02, the first switch is turned on, the air conditioner condenser hot air is introduced into the outflow end of the radiator, and the blowing direction is inclined downward to the ground, the purpose is to reduce the boundary layer of the radiator hot air, reduce the wind resistance of the radiator, and increase the convection air volume of the radiator.

[0060] Step S03, further load power, the second switch is turned on, the air conditioner evaporator cold air is introduced into the inflow end of the radiator, and the blowing direction is the same as the inflow direction of the radiator, the purpose is to increase the air inflow of the radiator, and improve the temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet of the radiator.

[0061] Step S04, the normal working condition is restored, and the second switch and the first switch are sequentially closed.

[0062] Step S05, the system normally runs.

[0063] The present application improves the convection by using the outlet air volume of the cab air conditioner system condenser and evaporator, thereby improving the air volume of the fuel cell system radiator, and further improving the heat dissipation capacity of the radiator in the extreme working condition, and solves the pain point that the original heat dissipation system of the fuel cell commercial vehicle cannot meet the heat dissipation demand in the extreme working condition such as high temperature and climbing.

[0064] The third aspect embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, and the vehicle is used for implementing the heat management control method; or as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the vehicle 200 comprises a fuel cell stack 210, an air conditioning system 220 and a thermal management system 100.

[0065] The air conditioning system 220 comprises a condenser and an evaporator, and the thermal management system 100 is configured to realize the air volume coupling of the condenser, the evaporator and the radiator 1 based on the thermal management control method.

[0066] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, the condenser hot air of the air conditioning system is coupled with the air outlet end of the radiator, and the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system is coupled with the air blowing end of the radiator. When the fuel cell stack is cooled, the system power of the fuel cell stack or the outlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system or the inlet temperature of the radiator in the thermal management system is obtained in real time, it is judged whether the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets the extreme condition thermal management condition, and when the extreme condition thermal management condition is met, the radiator cooling capacity is insufficient. By controlling the first switch and the second switch to be turned on, the condenser hot air and the evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system are used for cooling, the radiator cooling capacity is improved, and the thermal demand of the fuel cell stack under the extreme condition is met.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The vehicle 200 further comprises a current detector 201, a voltage detector 202, a first temperature detector 203 and a second temperature detector 204.

[0068] The current detector 201 is configured to detect the system current of the fuel cell stack 1, the voltage detector 202 is configured to detect the system voltage of the fuel cell stack 1, the first temperature detector 203 is configured to detect the outlet temperature of the radiator, and the second temperature detector 204 is configured to detect the inlet temperature of the radiator.

[0069] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The vehicle 200 further comprises a controller 230, which is connected with the current detector 201, the voltage detector 202, the first temperature detector 203, the second temperature detector 204, the first switch 3 and the second switch 4 of the thermal management system 100, and the controller 230 is configured to obtain the system power based on the system current and the system voltage and to control the first switch 3 and the second switch 4.

[0070] Specifically, the working process of the controller 230 is as shown in the figure, Figure 5As shown, in extreme working conditions, the controller 230 collects the system voltage and current in real time through the current detector 201 and the voltage detector 202, and collects the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator through the first temperature detector 203 and the second temperature detector 204. When the system power is greater than the first power threshold, or the outlet temperature is greater than the first outlet temperature threshold, or the inlet temperature is greater than the first inlet temperature threshold, the controller 230 controls the first switch 3 to be closed. When the system power continues to rise, if the first switch 3 is in the on state and the system power is greater than the second power threshold, or the outlet temperature is greater than the second outlet temperature threshold, or the inlet temperature is greater than the second inlet temperature threshold, the controller controls the second switch 4 to be closed. When the system power is less than the first power threshold, the controller controls the second switch 4 and the first switch 3 to be opened, respectively.

[0071] The present application introduces the outlet air volume of the air conditioner condenser and the outlet air volume of the air conditioner evaporator into the air outlet end and the air blowing end of the radiator, respectively, through structural design, and controls the first switch and the second switch through the controller to adjust the convective heat dissipation capacity of the radiator, so that the commercial vehicle can also meet the heat dissipation demand of the fuel cell stack in extreme working conditions.

[0072] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, substrates, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized by, The heat management system comprises: a radiator connected with a heat dissipation loop of a fuel cell stack; a heat dissipation fan located on a side of the radiator facing away from the fuel cell stack, the heat dissipation fan being used to blow air to the radiator; an air volume coupling assembly used to couple condenser hot air of an air conditioning system with an air outlet end of the radiator through a hot air pipeline and to couple evaporator cold air of the air conditioning system with a blowing end of the radiator through a cold air pipeline; a first switch arranged on the hot air pipeline and a second switch arranged on the cold air pipeline.

2. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The air volume coupling assembly comprises: a first air collecting hood arranged on an air outlet side of a condenser of the air conditioning system and used to transmit the condenser hot air to the air outlet end of the radiator through the hot air pipeline, an end of the hot air pipeline being at a preset angle with respect to an air outlet direction of the radiator to blow air downward toward the ground; a second air collecting hood arranged on an air outlet side of an evaporator of the air conditioning system and used to transmit the evaporator cold air to the blowing end of the radiator through the cold air pipeline, an air outlet direction of the cold air pipeline being parallel to an air blowing direction of the blowing end of the radiator.

3. A thermal management control method, characterized by, The heat management control method for the heat management system of claim 1 or 2 comprises: acquiring a system power of the fuel cell stack or acquiring an outlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system or acquiring an inlet temperature of the radiator in the heat management system; controlling on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the heat management system according to an extreme working condition heat management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature.

4. The thermal management control method of claim 3, wherein, controlling on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the heat management system according to an extreme working condition heat management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature, comprising: when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets a first extreme working condition heat management condition, controlling the first switch to be turned on and the second switch to be in an off state.

5. The thermal management control method of claim 4, wherein, the first extreme working condition heat management condition comprises: the system power being greater than a first power threshold value, wherein the first power threshold value is a system power boundary value of the fuel cell stack when the condenser hot air coupling is turned on under a preset extreme working condition; or, the outlet temperature being greater than a first outlet temperature threshold value, the first outlet temperature threshold value being an outlet temperature value of the radiator corresponding to the first power threshold value; or, the inlet temperature being greater than a first inlet temperature threshold value, the first inlet temperature threshold value being an inlet temperature of the radiator corresponding to the first power threshold value.

6. The thermal management control method of claim 5, wherein, controlling on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the heat management system according to an extreme working condition heat management condition met by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature, further comprising: when the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature meets a second extreme working condition heat management condition, controlling the second switch to be turned on and the first switch to maintain a turned-on state.

7. The thermal management control method of claim 6, wherein, the second extreme working condition heat management condition comprises: the first switch is in an on state and the system power is greater than a second power threshold, the second power threshold being a system power boundary value of the fuel cell stack when a wind volume coupling of the condenser and the evaporator is calibrated at a preset extreme operating condition, the second power threshold being greater than the first power threshold; or, the outlet temperature is greater than a second outlet temperature threshold, the second outlet temperature threshold being a calibrated outlet temperature value of the radiator corresponding to the second power threshold, the second outlet temperature threshold being greater than the first outlet temperature threshold; or, the inlet temperature is greater than a second inlet temperature threshold, the second inlet temperature threshold being a calibrated inlet temperature of the radiator corresponding to the second power threshold, the second inlet temperature threshold being greater than the first inlet temperature threshold.

8. The thermal management control method of claim 7, wherein, controlling the on-off of the first switch and the second switch in the thermal management system according to the extreme operating condition thermal management condition satisfied by the system power or the outlet temperature or the inlet temperature, further comprising: controlling the second switch to be off when the system power is greater than the first power threshold and the system power is less than the second power threshold; or, controlling the first switch to be off when the system power is less than the first power threshold.

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising: the vehicle is configured to implement the thermal management control method according to any one of claims 3-8; or, the vehicle comprises: a fuel cell stack and an air conditioning system, the air conditioning system comprising a condenser and an evaporator; the thermal management system according to claim 1 or 2, the thermal management system being configured to implement the wind volume coupling of the condenser, the evaporator and the radiator based on the thermal management control method according to any one of claims 3-8.

10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein, the vehicle further comprises: a current detector configured to detect a system current of the fuel cell stack; a voltage detector configured to detect a system voltage of the fuel cell stack; a first temperature detector configured to detect an outlet temperature of the radiator; a second temperature detector configured to detect an inlet temperature of the radiator; a controller connected with the current detector, the voltage detector, the first temperature detector, the second temperature detector, a first switch and a second switch of the thermal management system, the controller being configured to obtain a system power based on the system current and the system voltage and to control the first switch and the second switch.

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