Steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating device which comprises a steel wire, a wellhead communication module and a ground control system. One end of the steel wire is fixed on the winch, and the other end is connected with the operation pipe string through the ground pulley and the top pulley; the ground control system and the ground antenna are arranged in the winch; one end of the wellhead communication module is connected to the ground pulley, and the other end is connected with a rope fixed at the wellhead; a steel wire blowout preventer is connected above the wellhead, a blowout prevention pipe is connected above the steel wire blowout preventer, and the top sheave is connected above the blowout prevention pipe. The characteristics that the steel wire is small in diameter and size are utilized, an ignition instruction is coded into pulse instruction data, the pulse instruction data are converted into vibration pulse signals, then the vibration pulse signals are transmitted through the steel wire, transmission of perforation ignition signals is effectively achieved, meanwhile, steel wire operation equipment is small in size and light in weight, and the requirements of offshore perforation operation are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and relates to a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating device and a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous pursuit of cost control in the development of offshore oil and gas fields, the application of offshore unmanned platforms can effectively reduce the cost of offshore oil and gas exploitation, provide a series of cost-effective and production-efficient solutions for offshore oil and gas resource development, and greatly reduce pollution emissions.

[0003] The offshore unmanned platform usually adopts a steel structure type, and the upper facilities are relatively simple, generally only one or two decks are provided. The deck area is small, and the bearing capacity is limited. If perforating operation is to be carried out on the offshore unmanned platform, cable perforating can be used, but the cable perforating equipment occupies a large area and is heavy, and the harsh space conditions of the offshore unmanned platform cannot meet the demand of cable perforating. The steel wire operation equipment occupies a small area and is light in weight, and can fully meet the perforating demand of the offshore unmanned platform.

[0004] At present, the steel wire operation mainly uses a winch to lower downhole tools into the oil and gas wellbore, and realizes the operations such as fishing, switching, etc. of the downhole tools through the actions of pulling up and putting down, jarring, etc. It is commonly used for fishing operations of tools such as wellbore pressure testing, corrosion detection, switching sliding sleeve, downhole throttling device, etc. Since the steel wire has a large resistance (100 Ω / km), the perforating ignition signal of the ground system cannot be effectively transmitted to the downhole perforator, so the cable perforating mode cannot be used to realize steel wire perforating. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating device, which solves the problem of communication between the ground system ignition signal and the downhole string during steel wire conveying perforating.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is also to provide a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating method.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted by the present application is a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating device, which comprises a steel wire, a wellhead communication module and a ground control system.

[0008] One end of the steel wire is fixed on the winch, and the other end is connected with the operation pipe string through a ground pulley and a sky pulley; the ground control system and the ground antenna are placed in the winch; one end of the wellhead communication module is connected to the ground pulley, and the other end is connected with a rope fixed on the wellhead; a steel wire blowout preventer is connected above the wellhead, an anti-blowout pipe is connected above the steel wire blowout preventer, and the anti-blowout pipe is connected with the sky pulley;

[0009] The wellhead antenna of the wellhead communication module and the ground antenna of the ground control system realize bidirectional communication and data exchange through radio frequency signals; the wellhead communication module is used for generating a wellhead vibration pulse signal; the downhole communication module is used for generating a downhole vibration pulse signal; and the wellhead vibration pulse signal and the downhole vibration pulse signal are transmitted through a wireline.

[0010] The application also has the characteristics that,

[0011] The wellhead communication module is composed of a wellhead antenna, a wellhead pulse generator, a wellhead data processor, a wellhead pulse detector and a wellhead communication module power supply; the wellhead pulse generator is connected with a ground pulley; the wellhead data processor receives pulse instruction data from the ground control system, and the wellhead pulse generator generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal in a mechanical vibration mode according to the pulse instruction data.

[0012] The downhole communication module is composed of a downhole pulse generator, a downhole data processor, a downhole pulse detector and a downhole communication module power supply; the downhole pulse detector detects the wellhead vibration pulse signal by using an accelerometer, and the downhole data processor decodes the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal into instruction data, which can realize a series of operation procedures such as initialization, execution, modification and stop of the operation pipe string.

[0013] The operation pipe string includes a data acquisition instrument, which can acquire temperature, pressure and depth environmental data in the operation process, and can also record confirmation of reception of the wellhead vibration pulse signal and execution operation data; the downhole data processor encodes the above environmental data and operation data into pulse feedback data, the downhole pulse generator generates a downhole vibration pulse signal in a mechanical vibration mode according to the pulse feedback data, and the downhole vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the wellhead communication module through a wireline; the wellhead pulse detector of the wellhead communication module detects the downhole vibration pulse signal by using an accelerometer, the wellhead data processor converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal into wellhead pulse data, which is transmitted to the ground antenna of the ground control system through the wellhead antenna, and is accepted and read by the ground control system; the ground control system decodes the read data, and an operator can understand the downhole operation environmental condition, the downhole condition of the operation pipe string state according to the decoded data.

[0014] The second technical solution of the present application is a steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating method, after the working pipe string is conveyed to the perforating position, the ignition instruction is input to the ground control system and coded into pulse instruction data, the pulse instruction data is transmitted to the wellhead data processor to generate a wellhead vibration pulse signal, and then the wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole data processor to ignite, the temperature, pressure, depth environmental data in the working process are collected, the confirmation of the wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and the working data are recorded, and the above environmental data and working data are coded into wellhead pulse data and transmitted to the wellhead communication module, the downhole vibration pulse signal detected by the wellhead pulse detector is converted into downhole pulse data, the wellhead pulse data is decoded, and the downhole working environmental condition and the downhole condition of the working pipe string state are understood according to the decoded wellhead pulse data; finally, the ignition and perforation of other perforators are completed according to the above steps.

[0015] The second technical solution of the present application is also characterized in that,

[0016] The steel wire conveying multi-stage perforating method has the following specific operation steps:

[0017] Step 1: After the working pipe string is conveyed to the perforating position, the position of the working pipe string is adjusted, and the operator inputs the ignition instruction to the ground control system;

[0018] Step 2: The ground control system encodes the ignition instruction input by the operator into pulse instruction data;

[0019] Step 3: The pulse instruction data is transmitted to the wellhead antenna through the ground antenna;

[0020] Step 4: The wellhead antenna transmits the pulse instruction data to the wellhead data processor of the wellhead communication module;

[0021] Step 5: The wellhead pulse generator of the wellhead communication module generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal through mechanical vibration according to the pulse instruction data received by the wellhead data processor;

[0022] Step 6: The wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole communication module through the steel wire;

[0023] Step 7: The downhole pulse detector of the downhole communication module transmits the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal to the downhole data processor;

[0024] Step 8: The downhole data processor decodes the wellhead vibration pulse signal into an ignition instruction;

[0025] Step 9: The downhole communication module transmits the ignition instruction to the ignition sub in the working pipe string;

[0026] Step 10: The ignition sub outputs current to the first perforator, and the first perforator completes ignition and perforation;

[0027] Step 11: The data acquisition instrument in the operation pipe string acquires the temperature, pressure, depth environment data in the operation process, and records the confirmation of the receiving of the wellhead vibration pulse signal and the operation data;

[0028] Step 12: The downhole data processor encodes the above-mentioned environment data and operation data into wellhead pulse data;

[0029] Step 13: The downhole pulse generator generates the downhole vibration pulse signal in the form of mechanical vibration according to the wellhead pulse data, and transmits the downhole vibration pulse signal to the wellhead communication module through the wireline;

[0030] Step 14: The wellhead pulse detector of the wellhead communication module transmits the detected downhole vibration pulse signal to the wellhead data processor;

[0031] Step 15: The wellhead data processor converts the downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data, which is transmitted to the ground antenna of the ground control system through the wellhead antenna, and is accepted and read by the ground control system;

[0032] Step 16: The ground control system decodes the read wellhead pulse data, and the operator can understand the downhole operation environment, the downhole condition of the operation pipe string and the like according to the decoded wellhead pulse data;

[0033] Step 17: Steps 2-16 are repeated to complete the ignition and perforation of the second and third perforators in turn.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0035] The present application utilizes the characteristics that the wireline can effectively transmit mechanical vibration, encodes the ignition instruction into pulse instruction data, converts the pulse instruction data into vibration pulse signals, and then transmits the vibration pulse signals through the wireline, thereby effectively realizing the transmission of the perforation ignition signal.

[0036] The wireline conveying multi-stage perforation method provided by the present application realizes the low-cost, efficient and safe completion of offshore unmanned platform perforation operation.

[0037] The present application can realize wireline conveying multi-stage perforation, and after the operation pipe string is conveyed to the position, the ignition instruction sent by the ground system is converted into vibration pulse signals, which are transmitted to the downhole operation pipe string through the wireline, thereby completing the multi-stage perforation operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the wireline conveying multi-stage perforation device of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the internal structure of the wellhead communication module of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the downhole communication module of the present application.

[0041] Wherein: 100, steel wire; 200, wellhead; 300, winch; 310, ground control system; 311, ground antenna; 312, pulse command data; 400, steel wire blowout preventer; 500, blowout pipe; 600, top pulley; 700, ground pulley; 800, wellhead communication module; 810, wellhead antenna; 811, wellhead pulse data; 820, wellhead pulse generator; 830, wellhead data processor; 840, wellhead pulse detector; 850, wellhead communication module power supply; 860, wellhead vibration pulse signal; 900, working pipe string; 910, downhole communication module; 911, downhole pulse generator; 912, downhole data processor; 913, downhole pulse detector; 914, downhole communication module power supply; 915, downhole vibration pulse signal; 920, data acquisition instrument; 930, ignition nipple; 941, perforator one; 942, perforator two; 943, perforator three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The steel wire delivery multi-stage perforating device of the present application, with reference to Figure 1 , comprises a steel wire 100, a wellhead communication module 800 and a ground control system 310;

[0045] One end of the steel wire 100 is fixed on the winch 300, and the other end is connected with the working pipe string 900 through the top pulley 600 and the ground pulley 700. The ground control system 310 and the ground antenna 311 are placed in the winch 300. One end of the wellhead communication module 800 is connected to the ground pulley 700, and the other end is connected with the rope fixed on the wellhead 200. The steel wire blowout preventer 400 is connected above the wellhead 200, the blowout pipe 500 is connected above the steel wire blowout preventer 400, and the top pulley 600 is connected above the blowout pipe 500.

[0046] With reference to Figure 1 , the wellhead antenna 810 of the wellhead communication module 800 and the ground antenna 311 of the ground control system 310 realize bidirectional communication and data exchange through radio frequency signals. The wellhead communication module 800 generates the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860; the downhole communication module 910 generates the downhole vibration pulse signal 915; the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 and the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 realize signal transmission through the steel wire;

[0047] With reference to Figure 1The ground control system 310 encodes the instructions inputted by the operator into pulse instruction data 312, which is transmitted to the wellhead antenna 810 through the ground antenna 311, and is accepted and read by the wellhead data processor 830 of the wellhead communication module 800. The wellhead pulse generator 820 of the wellhead communication module 800 generates the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 through mechanical vibration according to the pulse instruction data 312, and transmits it to the downhole communication module 910 through the wireline 100.

[0048] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The wellhead communication module 800 is composed of the wellhead antenna 810, the wellhead pulse generator 820, the wellhead data processor 830, the wellhead pulse detector 840 and the wellhead communication module power supply 850. The wellhead data processor 830 receives the pulse instruction data 312 from the ground control system 310, and the wellhead pulse generator 820 generates the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 through mechanical vibration according to the pulse instruction data 312, that is, the wellhead pulse generator 820 converts the pulse instruction data 312 into vibration parameters such as the intensity, frequency and duration of mechanical vibration, and the wireline 100 can transmit the vibration parameters such as the intensity, frequency and duration of mechanical vibration from the wellhead communication module 800 to the downhole communication module 910, establishing the communication between the ground control system 310 and the downhole working string 900.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Based on example 1,

[0051] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 3The downhole communication module 910 is composed of a downhole pulse generator 911, a downhole data processor 912, a downhole pulse detector 913 and a downhole communication module power supply 914. The downhole pulse detector 913 detects the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 by using an accelerometer, and the downhole data processor 912 decodes the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 into instruction data, which can realize a series of operation procedures such as initialization, execution, modification and stop of the operation pipe string. The data acquisition instrument 920 in the operation pipe string 900 can collect environmental data such as temperature, pressure and depth during the operation, and can also record operation data such as confirmation and execution of the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860. The downhole data processor 912 encodes the above environmental data and operation data into pulse feedback data, and the downhole pulse generator 911 generates the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 by mechanical vibration according to the pulse feedback data, which is transmitted to the wellhead communication module 800 through the wireline 100. The wellhead pulse detector 840 of the wellhead communication module 800 detects the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 by using an accelerometer, and the wellhead data processor 830 converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal 915 into wellhead pulse data 811, which is transmitted to the ground antenna 311 of the ground control system 310 through the wellhead antenna 810, and then is accepted and read by the ground control system 310. The ground control system 310 decodes the read data, and the operator can understand the downhole operation environment and the state of the operation pipe string according to the decoded data.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] In the steel wire conveying multi-stage perforation method, after the operation pipe string is conveyed to the perforation position, the ignition instruction is input to the ground control system and encoded into pulse instruction data, the pulse instruction data is transmitted to the wellhead data processor to generate the wellhead vibration pulse signal, the wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole data processor to ignite, the environmental data such as temperature, pressure and depth during the operation is collected, the operation data such as confirmation and execution of the wellhead vibration pulse signal is recorded, and the above environmental data and operation data are encoded into wellhead pulse data and transmitted to the wellhead communication module. The wellhead pulse detector converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data, decodes the wellhead pulse data, and understands the downhole operation environment and the state of the operation pipe string according to the decoded wellhead pulse data; finally, the ignition and perforation of other perforators are completed according to the above steps.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] The steel wire conveying multi-stage perforation method has the following specific operation steps:

[0056] Step 1: After the operation pipe string 900 is conveyed to the perforation position.

[0057] Step 2: Adjust the position of the working string 900, the operator inputs the firing command into the ground control system 310.

[0058] Step 3: The ground control system 310 encodes the firing command input by the operator into pulse command data 312.

[0059] Step 4: The pulse command data 312 is transmitted to the wellhead antenna 810 through the ground antenna 311.

[0060] Step 5: The wellhead antenna 810 transmits the pulse command data 312 to the wellhead data processor 830 of the wellhead communication module 800.

[0061] Step 6: The wellhead pulse generator 820 of the wellhead communication module 800 generates the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data 312 received by the wellhead data processor 830.

[0062] Step 7: The wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 is transmitted to the downhole communication module 910 through the wireline 100.

[0063] Step 8: The downhole pulse detector 913 of the downhole communication module 910 transmits the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 to the downhole data processor 912.

[0064] Step 9: The downhole data processor 912 decodes the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 into a firing command.

[0065] Step 10: The downhole communication module 910 transmits the firing command to the firing sub 930 in the working string 900.

[0066] Step 11: The firing sub 930 outputs current to the perforator 941, and the perforator 941 completes the firing perforation.

[0067] Step 12: The data acquisition instrument 920 in the working string 900 collects environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and records operation data such as confirmation and execution of the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860.

[0068] Step 13: The downhole data processor 912 encodes the above environmental data and operation data into wellhead pulse data 811.

[0069] Step 14: The downhole pulse generator 911 generates the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 through mechanical vibration according to the wellhead pulse data 811, and transmits it to the wellhead communication module 800 through the wireline 100.

[0070] Step 15: The wellhead pulsed detector 840 of the wellhead communication module 800 transmits the detected downhole vibration pulse signal 915 to the wellhead data processor 830.

[0071] Step 16: The wellhead data processor 830 converts the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 into wellhead pulse data 811, which is transmitted to the ground antenna 311 of the ground control system 310 through the wellhead antenna 810, and then is accepted and read by the ground control system 310.

[0072] Step 17: The ground control system 310 decodes the read wellhead pulse data 811, and the operator can understand the downhole conditions such as the downhole operation environment and the operation pipe string state according to the decoded wellhead pulse data 811.

[0073] Step 18: Repeat steps 2-17 to sequentially complete the ignition perforation of the perforating gun two 942 and the perforating gun three 943 (this patent uses three perforating guns as an example to describe the method of the invention, and in practice, it can be used for any number of perforating guns for multi-stage ignition perforation).

Claims

1. A steel wire conveyed multistage perforating device, characterized by The steel wire (100), the wellhead communication module (800) and the ground control system (310) are included. One end of the steel wire (100) is fixed on the winch (300), and the other end is connected with the operation pipe string (900) through the ground pulley (700) and the sky pulley (600); the ground control system (310) and the ground antenna (311) are placed in the winch (300); one end of the wellhead communication module (800) is connected with the ground pulley (700), and the other end is connected with the rope fixed on the wellhead (200); the steel wire blowout preventer (400) is connected above the wellhead (200), the blowout pipe (500) is connected above the steel wire blowout preventer (400), and the sky pulley (600) is connected above the blowout pipe (500).

2. The steel wire conveyed multistage perforating device of claim 1 wherein, The wellhead antenna (810) of the wellhead communication module (800) and the ground antenna (311) of the ground control system (310) realize bidirectional communication and data exchange through radio frequency signals; the wellhead communication module (800) is used for generating a wellhead vibration pulse signal (860); the downhole communication module (910) is used for generating a downhole vibration pulse signal (915); the wellhead vibration pulse signal (860) and the downhole vibration pulse signal (915) realize signal transmission through the steel wire.

3. The steel wire conveyed multistage perforating device of claim 1 wherein, The wellhead communication module (800) is composed of a wellhead antenna (810), a wellhead pulse generator (820), a wellhead data processor (830), a wellhead pulse detector (840) and a wellhead communication module power supply (850); the wellhead pulse generator (820) is connected with the ground pulley (700); the wellhead data processor (830) receives pulse instruction data (312) from the ground control system (310), and the wellhead pulse generator (820) generates the wellhead vibration pulse signal (860) in the form of mechanical vibration according to the pulse instruction data (312).

4. The steel wire conveyed multistage perforating device of claim 2 wherein, The downhole communication module (910) is composed of a downhole pulse generator (911), a downhole data processor (912), a downhole pulse detector (913) and a downhole communication module power supply (914); the downhole pulse detector (913) detects the wellhead vibration pulse signal (860) by using an accelerometer, the downhole data processor (912) is used for decoding the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal (860) into instruction data, and the instruction data can realize a series of operation procedures such as initialization, execution, modification and stop of the operation pipe string.

5. The steel wire conveyed multistage perforating device of claim 4 wherein, The working string (900) comprises a data acquisition instrument (920) capable of acquiring temperature, pressure, depth environmental data during the operation, and recording confirmation and operation data for receiving the wellhead vibration pulse signal (860); the downhole data processor (912) encodes the above environmental data and operation data into pulse feedback data, the downhole pulse generator (911) generates the downhole vibration pulse signal (915) in the form of mechanical vibration according to the pulse feedback data, and transmits the downhole vibration pulse signal (915) to the wellhead communication module (800) through the wireline (100); the wellhead pulse detector (840) of the wellhead communication module (800) detects the downhole vibration pulse signal (915) by using an accelerometer, and the wellhead data processor (830) converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal (915) into wellhead pulse data (811), which is transmitted to the ground antenna (311) of the ground control system (310) through the wellhead antenna (810), and then is accepted and read by the ground control system (310); the ground control system (310) decodes the read data, and the operator can understand the downhole operation environment and the downhole condition of the working string according to the decoded data.

6. A method of wireline conveyed multistage perforating characterized by, After the working string is conveyed to the perforation position, the ignition instruction is input to the ground control system and encoded into pulse instruction data, the pulse instruction data is transmitted to the wellhead data processor to generate the wellhead vibration pulse signal, the wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole data processor to ignite, the temperature, pressure, depth environmental data during the operation are acquired, the confirmation and operation data for receiving the wellhead vibration pulse signal are recorded, and the above environmental data and operation data are encoded into wellhead pulse data and transmitted to the wellhead communication module, the downhole vibration pulse signal detected by the wellhead pulse detector is converted into downhole pulse data, the wellhead pulse data is decoded, and the downhole operation environment and the downhole condition of the working string are understood according to the decoded wellhead pulse data; finally, other perforators are ignited and perforated according to the above steps.

7. The steel wire conveyed multistage perforating method of claim 6 wherein, The specific operation steps are as follows: Step 1: After the working string is conveyed to the perforation position, the position of the working string is adjusted, and the operator inputs the ignition instruction to the ground control system; Step 2: The ground control system encodes the ignition instruction input by the operator into pulse instruction data; Step 3: The pulse instruction data is transmitted to the wellhead antenna through the ground antenna; Step 4: The wellhead antenna transmits the pulse instruction data to the wellhead data processor of the wellhead communication module; Step 5: The wellhead pulse generator of the wellhead communication module generates the wellhead vibration pulse signal in the form of mechanical vibration according to the pulse instruction data received by the wellhead data processor; Step 6: The wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole communication module through the wireline; Step 7: The downhole pulse detector of the downhole communication module transmits the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal to the downhole data processor; Step 8: The downhole data processor decodes the wellhead vibration pulse signal into the ignition instruction; Step 9: The downhole communication module transmits the ignition instruction to the ignition sub in the working string; Step 10: the ignition short section outputs current to the first perforator, and the first perforator completes ignition perforation; Step 11: the data acquisition instrument in the working string acquires temperature, pressure, and depth environmental data during the operation, and records confirmation and execution of the operation data for the wellhead vibration pulse signal reception; Step 12: the downhole data processor encodes the above environmental data and operation data into wellhead pulse data; Step 13: the downhole pulse generator generates downhole vibration pulse signals in the form of mechanical vibration according to the wellhead pulse data, and transmits the signals to the wellhead communication module through the wireline; Step 14: the wellhead pulse detector of the wellhead communication module transmits the detected downhole vibration pulse signals to the wellhead data processor; Step 15: the wellhead data processor converts the downhole vibration pulse signals into downhole pulse data, which is transmitted to the ground antenna of the ground control system through the wellhead antenna, and is accepted and read by the ground control system; Step 16: the ground control system decodes the read wellhead pulse data, and the operator can understand the downhole operation environment, the working string state, and the downhole condition according to the decoded wellhead pulse data; Step 17: steps 2-16 are repeated to sequentially complete ignition perforation of the second perforator and the third perforator.

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