Axial blowing laser cutting device and control system thereof
By combining an axial air blowing structure and a control system, the problems of uneven cutting seams and cutting deviations caused by unstable airflow in laser cutting devices are solved, achieving high-precision and high-efficiency cutting results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511654608.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing laser cutting devices have uneven kerfs, poor cutting accuracy, and are prone to airflow turbulence during pressure adjustment, which can lead to cutting deviations and affect cutting efficiency.
An axial blowing structure is adopted, including a dual-pass design of cutting air path and heat dissipation air path. The gas pressure and temperature are increased by equalizing flow channel and conical outlet air path, and the pressure switching curve is generated by the control system to adjust the air source output to calibrate the pressure and avoid cutting deviation.
It achieves stable airflow pressure, improves cutting accuracy and efficiency, avoids cutting deviations during pressure adjustment, and enhances the overall performance of the laser cutting device.
Smart Images
Figure CN121373818A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to an axially blowing laser cutting device and its control system. Background Technology
[0002] A laser cutting machine is a laser cutting machine that uses a fiber laser generator as its light source. A fiber laser is a new type of laser capable of outputting a high-energy-density laser beam. This beam can be focused onto the surface of a workpiece, causing the area irradiated by the ultra-fine focal spot to melt and vaporize instantly. Automatic cutting is achieved by moving the spot's irradiation position through a CNC mechanical system. Fiber laser cutting machines can perform both planar and bevel cutting, producing clean and smooth kerf edges, making them widely applicable to products requiring high-precision cutting, such as metal sheets.
[0003] The cutting head is a crucial component of a fiber laser cutting machine. During laser cutting, the cutting head connects to the laser, and the laser beam is emitted from the laser cutting nozzle, irradiating the product to be cut and forming molten slag. This slag is then blown away by pressurized gas, creating the cutting kerf. However, in existing technologies, the light transmission channel and the gas transmission channel are a single channel, with gas directly ejected from the nozzle. Due to uneven gas pressure, the cutting kerf is uneven, resulting in poor cutting accuracy and making it unsuitable for high-precision instrument processing. Furthermore, a graded pressure regulation system is required to adjust the gas pressure during the cutting process. However, when the blowing pressure switches from a low value to a high value, the gas flow rate increases instantaneously, potentially causing airflow turbulence. This turbulence can cause the molten material to deviate from the expected path, requiring the cutting head to adjust the nozzle angle to compensate for the airflow deviation during movement. This increases the dynamic response time and reduces cutting efficiency. To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, a solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to obtain pressure calibration parameters based on the deviation between the standard efficiency coefficient and the pressure efficiency coefficient, and to adjust the output efficiency of the gas source according to the pressure calibration parameters, thereby ensuring cutting efficiency and avoiding cutting deviation during pressure adjustment.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an axially blowing laser cutting device, comprising a device frame, a drive mechanism mounted on the top surface of the device frame, and a laser cutting base, characterized in that a laser emitting module is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the laser cutting base, an axial gas nozzle is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the laser emitting module, and a gas supply system is connected to the outer surface of the axial gas nozzle. The axial gas nozzle includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The upper cylinder is connected to the lower surface of the laser emitting module, and the lower cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper cylinder. The lower cylinder has a cutting gas path inside, and the upper cylinder has a heat dissipation gas path inside. The lower surface of the lower cylinder has a jet nozzle fixedly attached. The jet nozzle has a conical outlet channel inside, and the lower surface of the jet nozzle has an annular embedding groove. A flow-collecting nozzle is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the annular embedding groove. The flow-collecting nozzle is connected to the conical outlet channel.
[0006] Furthermore, the cutting air path includes an inlet air passage and a flow equalization passage. The inlet air passage is located inside the bottom cylinder, and the flow equalization passage is connected to the bottom surface of the inlet air passage. The diameter of the flow equalization passage is smaller than the diameter of the inlet air passage. The bottom end of the flow equalization passage is connected to the conical outlet air passage, and a heating ring is provided on the outer side of the conical outlet air passage.
[0007] Furthermore, the gas supply system includes a gas source, an annular gas supply pipe is fixed on the outer surface of the upper cylinder, a gas supply input pipe is connected inside the annular gas supply pipe, the input end of the gas supply input pipe is connected to the gas source, and several evenly distributed gas guide pipes are connected between the annular gas supply pipe and the upper cylinder.
[0008] Furthermore, the heat dissipation air path includes a vertical flow channel and an inclined flow channel. The vertical flow channel is evenly distributed inside the upper cylinder. The top end of the vertical flow channel is connected to the air source, and the bottom end of the vertical flow channel extends into the interior of the lower cylinder. One end of the inclined flow channel is connected to the bottom end of the vertical flow channel, and the other end of the inclined flow channel extends into the flow equalization channel.
[0009] Furthermore, a focusing assembly is connected between the laser emitting module and the axial gas nozzle. The focusing assembly includes an annular lens frame, and two coaxially arranged lens slots are formed on the inner wall of the annular lens frame. A focusing lens and a collimating lens are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the two lens slots from top to bottom.
[0010] Furthermore, the flow-collecting nozzle includes a flow-equalizing section and a concentrating section. The top surface of the flow-equalizing section is connected to an embedded ring, which is fixed to the inner wall of the annular embedded groove. The flow-equalizing section has a spindle-shaped structure that is thin at both ends and thick in the middle. The concentrating section is fixed to the bottom surface of the flow-equalizing section and has a frustum-shaped structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
[0011] The present invention also provides a control system for an axially blowing laser cutting device, comprising a data acquisition unit, a pressure analysis unit, a cutting process judgment unit, and a graded adjustment unit, wherein: The data acquisition unit includes a pressure data acquisition unit and an equipment data acquisition module. The pressure data acquisition module is used to acquire inlet pressure data P1, outlet pressure data P2 and turbulence pressure data P3 respectively through pressure sensors installed in the flow equalization channel, the conical outlet channel and the vertical channel, and integrate them into a pressure dataset and send it to the pressure analysis unit. The equipment data acquisition module establishes a real-time data connection with the laser cutting device through an industrial communication protocol, and is configured with a data acquisition engine to collect the operating data of the laser cutting device at preset time intervals and send it to the pressure analysis unit. The operating data includes status parameters, cutting speed and laser power. The pressure analysis unit is used to obtain the material properties of the workpiece to be cut and the performance parameters of the laser cutting device. It generates a pressure switching curve through preset processing indicators and delineates the pressure switching nodes on the pressure switching curve. The cutting process judgment unit is used to acquire operating data to determine the current operating stage of the laser cutting device, and to acquire the timestamp of the current operating stage. After aligning it with the pressure switching curve, it determines the time difference between the next pressure switching node. When the time difference reaches the preset pre-preparation cycle, it generates a graded adjustment reminder signal and sends it to the graded adjustment unit. The graded adjustment unit is used to receive graded adjustment reminder signals, acquire pressure datasets to calculate pressure efficiency coefficients, acquire the standard efficiency coefficients corresponding to pressure switching nodes, and then obtain pressure calibration parameters based on the deviation between the standard efficiency coefficients and the pressure efficiency coefficients, and adjust the output efficiency of the gas source according to the pressure calibration parameters.
[0012] Furthermore, the specific process for generating the pressure switching curve is as follows: S101. Obtain the material properties of the workpiece to be cut and the performance parameters of the laser cutting device. The material properties include the thickness, thermal conductivity and melting point of the workpiece to be cut. The performance parameters include the type of gas provided by the gas source, the operating rate and the workpiece deformation. S102. Obtain preset processing indicators, including standard gas pressure data, standard cutting speed and deformation threshold. Establish a cutting time axis according to the total cutting path, and mark time unit nodes on the time axis. Obtain the processing indicators corresponding to each time unit node, and obtain the pressure switching curve by connecting them through a smooth curve after marking. S103. Determine the pressure switching nodes based on the process switching time points on the total cutting path, and set the pre-preparation cycle based on the pressure difference at the pressure switching nodes.
[0013] Furthermore, the specific process for obtaining the pressure calibration parameters is as follows: S201. Obtain the pressure dataset, which includes inlet pressure data P1, outlet pressure data P2, and turbulence pressure data P3. After dimensionless processing, calculate the pressure efficiency coefficient Kp according to the following formula: Where e1, e2 and e3 are preset proportional coefficients, and the pressure efficiency coefficient is used to reflect the operating efficiency of the gas supply system in the laser cutting device. S202. Obtain the standard efficiency coefficient Ku corresponding to the pressure switching node. The standard efficiency coefficient is calculated based on the standard pressure data values on the pressure switching curve according to the above formula. Calculate the deviation value according to the following formula. ; S203. The pressure standard parameters include pressure trend, speed regulation trend, pressure adjustment data and cutting speed. If ΔK is greater than 0, the pressure calibration trend is pressurization, the speed regulation trend is deceleration, the pressure adjustment data is calculated based on the difference between the pressure dataset and the standard pressure data, and the cutting speed is calculated based on the difference between the real-time cutting speed and the standard cutting speed. If ΔK is less than 0, the pressure calibration trend is to reduce pressure, and the speed regulation trend is to increase speed.
[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This axial-blown laser cutting device features a dual-path structure for cutting and cooling airflow. The cutting airflow consists of an inlet channel, a flow equalization channel, and a conical outlet channel, all interconnected. Gas from the gas source is introduced into the inlet channel via an annular supply pipe. After flow equalization in the flow equalization channel, the gas pressure is stabilized. The gas is then concentrated in the conical outlet channel, increasing the pressure. Upon entering the collector nozzle, the pressure further increases. The flow equalization section stabilizes the airflow, while a heating ring heats the airflow, raising its temperature and enhancing the cutting effect. The cooling airflow consists of a vertical channel and an inclined channel. The gas source delivers gas to the vertical channel, where cooling gas cools the cylinder during the cutting process. The cooled airflow then enters the flow equalization channel through the inclined channel, achieving heat recovery while maintaining cutting efficiency.
[0015] 2. The control system of this axially blowing laser cutting device generates a pressure switching curve based on the material properties of the workpiece to be cut, the performance parameters of the laser cutting device, and preset processing indicators. Pressure switching nodes are marked on the pressure switching curve, and then operating data is acquired to determine the current operating stage of the laser cutting device. The timestamp of the current operating stage is acquired and aligned with the pressure switching curve to determine the time difference between the current stage and the next pressure switching node. When the time difference reaches the preset preparation period, the pressure dataset is acquired to calculate the pressure efficiency coefficient. Then, the pressure calibration parameter is obtained based on the deviation between the standard efficiency coefficient and the pressure efficiency coefficient. The output efficiency of the air source is adjusted according to the pressure calibration parameter to ensure cutting efficiency and avoid cutting deviation during pressure adjustment. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the axial gas nozzle of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the axial gas nozzle of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the control system structure of the present invention is shown; Legend: 1. Device frame; 2. Laser cutting base; 3. Laser emitting module; 4. Upper cylinder; 5. Bottom cylinder; 6. Jet nozzle; 7. Conical outlet air passage; 8. Collector nozzle; 81. Flow equalization section; 82. Concentration section; 9. Inlet air passage; 10. Flow equalization passage; 11. Heating ring; 12. Annular air supply pipe; 13. Air supply input pipe; 14. Air guide pipe; 15. Vertical flow channel; 16. Inclined flow channel; 17. Annular frame; 18. Focusing lens; 19. Collimating lens. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example
[0018] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an axially blowing laser cutting device includes a device frame 1, a drive mechanism mounted on the top surface of the device frame 1, and a laser cutting base 2. A laser emitting module 3 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the laser cutting base 2, and an axial gas nozzle is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the laser emitting module 3. A gas supply system is connected to the outer surface of the axial gas nozzle. The axial gas nozzle includes an upper cylinder 4 and a lower cylinder 5. The upper cylinder 4 is connected to the bottom surface of the laser emitting module 3, and the lower cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper cylinder 4. A cutting gas passage is provided inside the lower cylinder 5, and a heat dissipation gas passage is fixed inside the upper cylinder 4. A jet nozzle 6 is fixed on the bottom surface of the lower cylinder 5. A conical air outlet channel 7 is opened inside the jet nozzle 6. An annular embedding groove is opened on the bottom surface of the jet nozzle 6. A flow collecting nozzle 8 is fixed on the inner wall of the annular embedding groove. The flow collecting nozzle 8 is connected to the conical air outlet channel.
[0019] The cutting air path includes an inlet air passage 9 and a flow equalization passage 10. The inlet air passage 9 is located inside the bottom cylinder 5. The flow equalization passage 10 is connected to the bottom surface of the inlet air passage 9. The diameter of the flow equalization passage 10 is smaller than the diameter of the inlet air passage 9. The bottom end of the flow equalization passage 10 is connected to the conical outlet air passage 7. A heating ring 11 is provided on the outer side of the conical outlet air passage 7.
[0020] The gas supply system includes a gas source. An annular gas supply pipe 12 is fixed on the outer surface of the upper cylinder 4. A gas supply input pipe 13 is connected inside the annular gas supply pipe 12. The input end of the gas supply input pipe 13 is connected to the gas source. Several evenly distributed gas guide pipes 14 are connected between the annular gas supply pipe 12 and the upper cylinder 4.
[0021] The heat dissipation air path includes a vertical flow channel 15 and an inclined flow channel 16. The vertical flow channel 15 is evenly distributed inside the upper cylinder 4. The top end of the vertical flow channel 15 is connected to the air source, and the bottom end of the vertical flow channel 15 extends into the interior of the lower cylinder 5. One end of the inclined flow channel 16 is connected to the bottom end of the vertical flow channel 15, and the other end of the inclined flow channel 16 extends into the flow equalization channel 10.
[0022] A focusing assembly is connected between the laser emitting module 3 and the axial gas nozzle. The focusing assembly includes an annular lens frame 17. Two coaxially arranged lens slots are opened on the inner wall of the annular lens frame 17. A focusing lens 18 and a collimating lens 19 are fixed on the inner wall of the two lens slots from top to bottom.
[0023] The flow-collecting nozzle 8 includes a flow-equalizing section 81 and a concentrating section 82. The top surface of the flow-equalizing section 81 is connected to an embedded ring, which is fixed to the inner wall of the annular embedded groove. The flow-equalizing section 81 has a spindle-shaped structure that is thin at both ends and thick in the middle. The concentrating section 82 is fixed to the bottom surface of the flow-equalizing section 81 and has a frustum-shaped structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
[0024] The working principle is as follows: After the workpiece to be cut is fixed, the laser cutting base 2 is moved above the workpiece by the drive mechanism. Further adjustment is made so that the axial gas nozzle is aligned with the cutting point on the workpiece. The laser is emitted by the laser emission module 3. After being concentrated by the focusing component, the laser cutting efficiency is enhanced and the laser cutting is completed. At the same time, the gas supply system delivers the gas source to the cutting gas path and the heat dissipation gas path. The cutting gas path consists of an inlet gas path 9, a flow equalization path 10, and a conical outlet gas path 7, which are interconnected. The gas source is introduced into the inlet gas path 9 through the annular gas supply pipe 12. After the flow equalization path 10 is used for flow equalization, the gas pressure is kept stable. Then, the gas is concentrated through the conical outlet gas path 7 to increase the gas pressure. After entering the flow collecting nozzle 8, the pressure will increase further. The flow equalization section 81 stabilizes the airflow. At the same time, the heating ring 11 heats the airflow, increases the temperature of the cutting gas flow, and enhances the cutting effect. The cooling air route consists of a vertical flow channel 15 and an inclined flow channel 16. The air source delivers gas to the vertical flow channel 15, and the cooling gas in the vertical flow channel 15 cools the cylinder during the cutting process. The cooled airflow enters the flow equalization channel from the inclined channel, which realizes heat recovery while ensuring cutting efficiency. Example
[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, a control system for an axially blowing laser cutting device includes a data acquisition unit, a pressure analysis unit, a cutting process judgment unit, and a graded adjustment unit, wherein: The data acquisition unit includes a pressure data acquisition unit and an equipment data acquisition module. The pressure data acquisition module is used to acquire inlet pressure data P1, outlet pressure data P2 and turbulence pressure data P3 respectively through pressure sensors installed in the flow equalization channel 10, the conical outlet channel 7 and the vertical channel 15, and integrate them into a pressure dataset and send it to the pressure analysis unit. The equipment data acquisition module establishes a real-time data connection with the laser cutting device through an industrial communication protocol, and is configured with a data acquisition engine to collect the operating data of the laser cutting device at preset time intervals and send it to the pressure analysis unit. The operating data includes status parameters, cutting speed and laser power. The pressure analysis unit is used to obtain the material properties of the workpiece to be cut and the performance parameters of the laser cutting device. It generates a pressure switching curve through preset processing indicators and delineates the pressure switching nodes on the pressure switching curve. The specific process for generating the pressure switching curve is as follows: S101. Obtain the material properties of the workpiece to be cut and the performance parameters of the laser cutting device. The material properties include the thickness, thermal conductivity and melting point of the workpiece to be cut. The performance parameters include the type of gas provided by the gas source, the operating rate and the workpiece deformation. S102. Obtain preset processing indicators, including standard gas pressure data, standard cutting speed and deformation threshold. Establish a cutting time axis according to the total cutting path, and mark time unit nodes on the time axis. Obtain the processing indicators corresponding to each time unit node, and obtain the pressure switching curve by connecting them through a smooth curve after marking. S103. Determine the pressure switching nodes based on the process switching time points on the total cutting path, and set the pre-preparation cycle based on the pressure difference at the pressure switching nodes.
[0026] The cutting process judgment unit is used to acquire operating data to determine the current operating stage of the laser cutting device, and to acquire the timestamp of the current operating stage. After aligning it with the pressure switching curve, it determines the time difference between the next pressure switching node. When the time difference reaches the preset pre-preparation cycle, it generates a graded adjustment reminder signal and sends it to the graded adjustment unit. The graded adjustment unit is used to receive graded adjustment reminder signals, acquire pressure datasets to calculate pressure efficiency coefficients, acquire the standard efficiency coefficients corresponding to pressure switching nodes, and then obtain pressure calibration parameters based on the deviation between the standard efficiency coefficients and the pressure efficiency coefficients, and adjust the output efficiency of the gas source according to the pressure calibration parameters.
[0027] The specific process for obtaining the pressure calibration parameters is as follows: S201. Obtain the pressure dataset, which includes inlet pressure data P1, outlet pressure data P2, and turbulence pressure data P3. After dimensionless processing, calculate the pressure efficiency coefficient Kp according to the following formula: Where e1, e2 and e3 are preset proportional coefficients, and the pressure efficiency coefficient is used to reflect the operating efficiency of the gas supply system in the laser cutting device. S202. Obtain the standard efficiency coefficient Ku corresponding to the pressure switching node. The standard efficiency coefficient is calculated based on the standard pressure data values on the pressure switching curve according to the above formula. Calculate the deviation value according to the following formula. ; S203. The pressure standard parameters include pressure trend, speed regulation trend, pressure adjustment data and cutting speed. If ΔK is greater than 0, the pressure calibration trend is pressurization, the speed regulation trend is deceleration, the pressure adjustment data is calculated based on the difference between the pressure dataset and the standard pressure data, and the cutting speed is calculated based on the difference between the real-time cutting speed and the standard cutting speed. If ΔK is less than 0, the pressure calibration trend is to reduce pressure, and the speed regulation trend is to increase speed.
[0028] The size of the interval and threshold is set to facilitate comparison. The size of the threshold depends on the amount of sample data and the number of bases set by those skilled in the art for each set of sample data; as long as it does not affect the ratio between the parameter and the quantized value.
[0029] This invention generates a pressure switching curve based on the material properties of the workpiece to be cut, the performance parameters of the laser cutting device, and preset processing indicators. Pressure switching nodes are marked on the pressure switching curve, and then operating data is acquired to determine the current operating stage of the laser cutting device. The timestamp of the current operating stage is obtained and aligned with the pressure switching curve to determine the time difference between the current stage and the next pressure switching node. When the time difference reaches the preset preparation period, the pressure dataset is acquired to calculate the pressure efficiency coefficient. Then, the pressure calibration parameter is obtained based on the deviation between the standard efficiency coefficient and the pressure efficiency coefficient. The output efficiency of the gas source is adjusted according to the pressure calibration parameter to ensure cutting efficiency and avoid cutting deviation during pressure adjustment.
[0030] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation. In the two embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and system can be implemented in other ways; for example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of modules is merely a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed; another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the apparatus or module can be electrical, mechanical or other forms. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An axially blowing laser cutting device, comprising a device frame (1), a drive mechanism mounted on the top surface of the device frame (1), and a laser cutting base (2), characterized in that, A laser emitting module (3) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the laser cutting base (2), and an axial gas nozzle is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the laser emitting module (3). A gas supply system is connected to the outer surface of the axial gas nozzle. The axial gas nozzle includes an upper cylinder (4) and a lower cylinder (5). The upper cylinder (4) is connected to the bottom surface of the laser emitting module (3). The lower cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper cylinder (4). A cutting gas path is provided inside the lower cylinder (5). A heat dissipation gas path is fixed inside the upper cylinder (4). A jet nozzle (6) is fixed on the bottom surface of the lower cylinder (5). A conical air outlet channel (7) is opened inside the jet nozzle (6). An annular embedding groove is opened on the bottom surface of the jet nozzle (6). A flow-collecting nozzle (8) is fixed on the inner wall of the annular embedding groove. The flow-collecting nozzle (8) is connected to the conical air outlet channel.
2. The axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting air path includes an inlet air passage (9) and a flow equalization passage (10). The inlet air passage (9) is located inside the bottom cylinder (5). The flow equalization passage (10) is connected to the bottom surface of the inlet air passage (9). The diameter of the flow equalization passage (10) is smaller than the diameter of the inlet air passage (9). The bottom end of the flow equalization passage (10) is connected to the conical outlet air passage (7). A heating ring (11) is provided on the outside of the conical outlet air passage (7).
3. The axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas supply system includes a gas source. An annular gas supply pipe (12) is fixed on the outer surface of the upper cylinder (4). A gas supply input pipe (13) is connected inside the annular gas supply pipe (12). The input end of the gas supply input pipe (13) is connected to the gas source. Several evenly distributed gas guide pipes (14) are connected between the annular gas supply pipe (12) and the upper cylinder (4).
4. The axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation air path includes a vertical flow channel (15) and an inclined flow channel (16). The vertical flow channel (15) is evenly distributed inside the upper cylinder (4). The top end of the vertical flow channel (15) is connected to the air source, and the bottom end of the vertical flow channel (15) extends into the interior of the bottom cylinder (5). One end of the inclined flow channel (16) is connected to the bottom end of the vertical flow channel (15), and the other end of the inclined flow channel (16) extends into the equalization flow channel (10).
5. The axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A focusing assembly is connected between the laser emitting module (3) and the axial gas nozzle. The focusing assembly includes an annular frame (17). Two coaxially arranged lens slots are opened on the inner wall of the annular frame (17). A focusing lens (18) and a collimating lens (19) are fixed on the inner wall of the two lens slots from top to bottom.
6. The axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow-collecting nozzle (8) includes a flow-equalizing section (81) and a concentrating section (82). The top surface of the flow-equalizing section (81) is connected to an embedded ring, which is fixed to the inner wall of the annular embedded groove. The flow-equalizing section (81) is a spindle-shaped structure that is thin at both ends and thick in the middle. The concentrating section (82) is fixed to the bottom surface of the flow-equalizing section (81). The concentrating section (82) is a frustum-shaped structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
7. A control system for an axially blowing laser cutting device, applied to an axially blowing laser cutting device as described in claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition unit, a pressure analysis unit, a cutting process judgment unit, and a graded adjustment unit, wherein: The data acquisition unit includes a pressure data acquisition unit and an equipment data acquisition module. The pressure data acquisition module is used to acquire inlet pressure data P1, outlet pressure data P2 and turbulence pressure data P3 respectively through pressure sensors set in the equal flow channel (10), the conical outlet flow channel (7) and the vertical flow channel (15), and integrate them into a pressure dataset and send it to the pressure analysis unit. The equipment data acquisition module establishes a real-time data connection with the laser cutting device through an industrial communication protocol, and is configured with a data acquisition engine to collect the operating data of the laser cutting device at preset time intervals and send it to the pressure analysis unit. The operating data includes status parameters, cutting speed and laser power. The pressure analysis unit is used to obtain the material properties of the workpiece to be cut and the performance parameters of the laser cutting device. It generates a pressure switching curve through preset processing indicators and delineates the pressure switching nodes on the pressure switching curve. The cutting process judgment unit is used to acquire operating data to determine the current operating stage of the laser cutting device, and to acquire the timestamp of the current operating stage. After aligning it with the pressure switching curve, it determines the time difference between the next pressure switching node. When the time difference reaches the preset pre-preparation cycle, it generates a graded adjustment reminder signal and sends it to the graded adjustment unit. The graded adjustment unit is used to receive graded adjustment reminder signals, acquire pressure datasets to calculate pressure efficiency coefficients, acquire the standard efficiency coefficients corresponding to pressure switching nodes, and then obtain pressure calibration parameters based on the deviation between the standard efficiency coefficients and the pressure efficiency coefficients, and adjust the output efficiency of the gas source according to the pressure calibration parameters.
8. The control system of the axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific process for generating the pressure switching curve is as follows: S101. Obtain the material properties of the workpiece to be cut and the performance parameters of the laser cutting device. The material properties include the thickness, thermal conductivity and melting point of the workpiece to be cut. The performance parameters include the type of gas provided by the gas source, the operating rate and the workpiece deformation. S102. Obtain preset processing indicators, including standard gas pressure data, standard cutting speed and deformation threshold. Establish a cutting time axis according to the total cutting path, and mark time unit nodes on the time axis. Obtain the processing indicators corresponding to each time unit node, and obtain the pressure switching curve by connecting them through a smooth curve after marking. S103. Determine the pressure switching nodes based on the process switching time points on the total cutting path, and set the pre-preparation cycle based on the pressure difference at the pressure switching nodes.
9. The control system of the axial air-blowing laser cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific process for obtaining the pressure calibration parameters is as follows: S201. Obtain the pressure dataset, which includes inlet pressure data P1, outlet pressure data P2, and turbulence pressure data P3. After dimensionless processing, calculate the pressure efficiency coefficient Kp according to the following formula: Where e1, e2 and e3 are preset proportional coefficients, and the pressure efficiency coefficient is used to reflect the operating efficiency of the gas supply system in the laser cutting device. S202. Obtain the standard efficiency coefficient Ku corresponding to the pressure switching node. The standard efficiency coefficient is calculated based on the standard pressure data values on the pressure switching curve according to the above formula. Calculate the deviation value according to the following formula. ; S203. The pressure standard parameters include pressure trend, speed regulation trend, pressure adjustment data and cutting speed. If ΔK is greater than 0, the pressure calibration trend is pressurization, the speed regulation trend is deceleration, the pressure adjustment data is calculated based on the difference between the pressure dataset and the standard pressure data, and the cutting speed is calculated based on the difference between the real-time cutting speed and the standard cutting speed. If ΔK is less than 0, the pressure calibration trend is to reduce pressure, and the speed regulation trend is to increase speed.