Main shaft compensation mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to a spindle compensation mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool equipment, the spindle compensation mechanism structurally comprises a shell, and a rotating spindle is arranged in the shell; the tail end of the rotating main shaft is sleeved with a bearing chamber; a first bearing, a second bearing, a top ring, a first baffle ring and a jacking force spring are arranged in the bearing chamber; the first bearing and the second bearing sleeve the rotating main shaft; the top ring is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing, and one end of the top ring abuts against the outer ring of the second bearing; one end of the jacking force spring abuts against the other end of the jacking ring, and the other end of the jacking force spring abuts against the outer ring of the first bearing. The first baffle ring is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing; one end of the first baffle ring abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing, and the other end of the first baffle ring abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing. A compensation gap is formed in the bearing chamber; the method has the technical effects of comprehensively compensating thermal deformation of the main shaft and improving the working end face machining precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and in particular to a spindle compensation mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] In precision machining equipment such as machine tools and machining centers, the spindle compensation mechanism is a core component that ensures the stable operation of the rotating spindle at high speed and improves machining precision. It needs to supply air to the air inlet through the air supplement unit and supply oil to the oil inlet through the oil supplement unit to realize the lubrication protection and impurity isolation of the bearing, thereby prolonging the service life of the spindle.

[0003] The existing spindle compensation mechanism mainly deals with thermal deformation through a single direction gap design, and the on-off control of the air path and oil path is mostly independently set or manually operated. It generally has the problems of incomplete thermal deformation compensation, inability to dynamically eliminate bearing play, and poor coordination between lubrication protection and compensation action.

[0004] In view of the above related technologies, the spindle thermal deformation compensation is not comprehensive, which leads to the defects that the working end face is easy to deviate and the machining precision is limited. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a spindle compensation mechanism.

[0006] The spindle compensation mechanism provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A spindle compensation mechanism, comprising a housing, a rotating spindle is arranged in the housing; a bearing chamber is arranged at the tail end of the rotating spindle; a first bearing, a second bearing, a top ring, a first stop ring and a top force spring are arranged in the bearing chamber; the first bearing and the second bearing are sleeved on the rotating spindle; the top ring is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing, one end of the top ring abuts against the outer ring of the second bearing; one end of the top force spring abuts against the other end of the top ring, and the other end of the top force spring abuts against the outer ring of the first bearing; the first stop ring is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing; one end of the first stop ring abuts against the inner ring of the first bearing, and the other end of the first stop ring abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing; a compensation gap is arranged in the bearing chamber.

[0007] By adopting the technical scheme, the compensation gap arranged in the bearing chamber precisely offsets the thermal deformation, guarantees the machining precision, and the heat generated during the high-speed rotation of the rotating spindle causes obvious thermal expansion along the length direction, the compensation gap reserved in the bearing chamber provides a dedicated release space for the thermal expansion, can guide the expansion amount of the spindle to move to the tail part, avoids the displacement of the front end working end face caused by the expansion, comprehensively solves the influence of the thermal deformation of the spindle on the machining precision, can effectively reduce the problems such as cutting omission and overcutting in part machining, and is especially suitable for machine tools and other equipment with high machining precision requirements, the top force spring between the first bearing and the second bearing continuously applies the clamping force, can completely eliminate the play of the bearing itself, on the one hand, avoids the axial movement and radial shaking of the spindle due to the play during the rotation of the spindle, makes the rotation track of the spindle more accurate, and reduces the interference of vibration on the machining quality; on the other hand, the play-free bearing matching state can improve the rigidity of the overall structure, so that the spindle is not easy to deform when bearing machining load, further guarantees the stability of the machining process, and can also reduce the collision and wear of the internal parts of the bearing caused by the play.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the shell is provided with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is internally provided with a working cavity; a partition plate is arranged in the working cavity, and the partition plate divides the working cavity into a gas supplementing area and an oil supplementing area; a gas inlet is arranged at one end of the gas supplementing area, and a gas outlet is arranged on one side of the gas supplementing area, and the gas outlet is in communication with the bearing chamber; an oil outlet is arranged on one side of the oil supplementing area, and an oil inlet is arranged at one end of the oil supplementing area, and the oil outlet is in communication with the bearing chamber.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the oil supplementing area is directly communicated with the bearing chamber through the oil inlet and the oil outlet, can accurately deliver lubricating oil to the first bearing and the second bearing, the lubricating oil can form an oil film between the bearing rolling body and the raceway, greatly reduces the friction resistance and mechanical wear, and further reduces the wear rate of the bearing during rotation in cooperation with the design of eliminating the play of the top force spring, the clean gas is introduced into the gas supplementing area through the gas inlet and then delivered to the bearing chamber through the gas outlet, can effectively block the dust, iron filings and other impurities in the external air from entering the bearing chamber, avoids the attachment of impurities on the surface of the bearing or the mixing of impurities into the lubricating oil, prevents the bearing from being stuck and the wear from being intensified, guarantees the clean running environment of the spindle and the bearing, reduces the risk of failure, the circulation of the gas and the lubricating oil can assist in carrying away part of the heat generated during the rotation of the spindle, alleviates the temperature rise rate of the spindle and the bearing chamber, and indirectly reduces the amount of thermal deformation.

[0010] Preferably, the working cavity is provided with a baffle plate, the baffle plate has a freedom of movement along the partition plate, and the air supply unit drives the baffle plate to slide through the air inlet; the partition plate is provided with a guide long hole, a sealing sliding plate is slidably arranged in the guide long hole, and the baffle plate is arranged on the top of the sealing sliding plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the air supply unit can drive the baffle plate to slide along the partition plate by adjusting the air inlet pressure, the baffle plate is connected with the sealing sliding plate, the guide long hole on the partition plate provides a precise sliding track for the sealing sliding plate, the baffle plate is fixed on the top of the sealing sliding plate, and the baffle plate and the sealing sliding plate form a linkage sealing combination to enable the baffle plate to stably slide.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the bearing chamber is provided with an air curtain groove, and the air curtain groove is provided with an air curtain stop ring.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the air curtain groove can serve as a buffer and guide space for air flow, and the air curtain stop ring can enable the gas transported from the air supplement area to the bearing chamber to form a uniform and stable annular air curtain at the port of the bearing chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the working cavity is provided with two groups of opening structures, one group of the opening structures is located at the air outlet, and the other group of the opening structures is located on the oil supplement area; the opening structure comprises a rotating shaft, a fixed rod, a support plate, a locking groove, a locking rod and a locking spring; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the working cavity; one end of the fixed rod is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, one end of the support plate is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the support plate and the locking rod are arranged at an obtuse angle; the locking groove is arranged on the inner wall of the working cavity and located above the rotating shaft, and the locking rod is rotatably arranged on one side of the locking groove; one end of the locking spring is rotatably arranged on the locking groove, and the other end of the locking spring is rotatably arranged on the locking rod.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the two groups of opening structures correspond to the air outlet and the oil supplement area respectively, when the air supply unit drives the baffle plate to slide through the air inlet, the baffle plate only rotates the fixed rod of the opening structure at the air outlet, thereby driving the support plate to open the air outlet, and the opening structure of the oil supplement area is synchronously opened; when the fixed rod rotates to the locking rod and breaks through the elastic force of the locking spring to be clamped into the locking groove, the locking spring drives the locking rod to reset, thereby reversely limiting the fixed rod, and in cooperation with the support of the gas blowing force on the baffle plate, the fixed rod and the support plate can be locked at the current position, so that the air outlet can also maintain a stable opening state, the baffle plate is also kept at a certain position, the continuity of air supply to the bearing chamber is ensured, and stable protection is provided for bearing heat dissipation and protection.

[0016] Preferably, the other end of the oil supplementing area is provided with an oil inlet structure including an oil inlet cavity, a driving piston rod, an oil inlet plate and a stop spring, one end of the oil inlet cavity is communicated at the other end of the oil supplementing area, one end of the driving piston rod is slidingly arranged at one end of the oil inlet cavity; the other end of the oil inlet cavity is communicated at the oil inlet port, one end of the oil inlet plate is slidingly arranged at the other end of the oil inlet cavity; one end of the stop spring is fixedly connected to the other end of the driving piston rod, and the other end of the stop spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil supplementing area.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the air supply unit drives the baffle to slide to open the air outlet to supplement air, the baffle synchronously pushes against the driving piston rod, and then pushes the oil inlet plate to slide to open the oil inlet port, so that the oil smoothly enters the oil supplementing area and is finally delivered to the bearing chamber, the stop spring is in a natural stretching state, and will generate a reverse pulling force on the driving piston rod, driving the oil inlet plate to tightly fit the corresponding position of the oil inlet cavity to tightly block the oil inlet port.

[0018] Preferably, the oil supplementing area is provided with a floating block, the floating block has a freedom of movement towards the baffle; an oil outlet structure is arranged at the opening structure on the oil supplementing area, the oil outlet structure includes a driving groove, a driving rod, a reset spring, an opening cavity and an oil blocking plate; the driving groove is arranged on the working cavity, and the driving groove is located below the opening structure on the oil supplementing area; the opening cavity is arranged in the connecting piece, and two ends of the opening cavity are respectively communicated with the driving groove and the oil outlet port; the oil blocking plate is slidingly arranged in the opening cavity; the driving rod is arranged in the driving groove, one end of the driving rod is rotationally connected to the oil blocking plate; one end of the reset spring is rotationally arranged on the oil blocking plate, and the other end of the reset spring is rotationally arranged on the driving rod; the floating block is used for abutting against the driving rod to slide along the driving groove.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, the oil supplementing area is provided with a floating block, the function of the floating block is to trigger the oil outlet depending on the change of the oil level, when the oil in the oil supplementing area is not accumulated, the floating block is in a low position and cannot make the driving rod slide; when the oil level rises due to continuous supplement of the oil, the floating block will rise synchronously until abutting against and pushing the driving rod to slide, avoiding idling of the oil outlet structure when the amount of oil is insufficient, and preventing the oil from being delivered to the bearing chamber to cause insufficient lubrication when the oil does not meet the standard, realizing self-adaptive start-stop of the oil outlet based on the oil level, without additional oil level detection and control elements, the oil outlet structure, the opening structure and the oil inlet structure form a complete action closed loop, the rotation of the opening structure not only provides conditions for air supplementing, but also triggers the driving rod to pop out through the reset spring, preparing for the driving action of the floating block; and after the oil inlet structure supplements oil, the floating block rises to drive the oil outlet, so that the three key actions of air supplementing, oil inletting and oil outletting are sequentially linked and cooperated in an orderly manner, improving the overall synergy of the bearing chamber air supplementing and lubricating system, and reducing the control error of multi-action cooperation.

[0020] Preferably, the starting end of the rotating main shaft is provided with a bearing structure, the other end of the shell is provided with a mounting support, the mounting support divides the bearing structure into a first mounting chamber and a second mounting chamber; the first mounting chamber is provided with a third bearing, the third bearing is sleeved on the rotating main shaft; the second mounting chamber is provided with a fourth bearing, the fourth bearing is sleeved on the rotating main shaft; the second mounting chamber is provided with a compensation gap.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the rotating main shaft operates at high speed, not only the tail part will expand due to heat, but also the starting end will be deformed by heat. The compensation gap in the second mounting chamber provides a dedicated release space for the thermal expansion of the starting end, which can guide the expansion amount of the starting end to move away from the working end face, avoiding the deviation of the working end face due to the expansion of both ends, further ensuring the dimensional accuracy and position accuracy of part machining. The third bearing and the fourth bearing are arranged in the first mounting chamber and the second mounting chamber respectively, and the double support of the starting end of the rotating main shaft is realized through the mounting support. The double bearing support can greatly improve the radial rigidity of the main shaft, reduce the radial runout and vibration of the rotating main shaft during high-speed operation, and make the rotation track of the rotating main shaft more accurate.

[0022] Preferably, the rotating main shaft is sleeved with a second stop ring, the second stop ring is located between the first mounting chamber and the second mounting chamber, one end of the second stop ring abuts against the inner ring of the third bearing, and the other end of the second stop ring abuts against the inner ring of the fourth bearing.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the second stop ring abuts against the inner rings of the third bearing and the fourth bearing at both ends, which can directly limit the axial positions of the two bearings on the rotating main shaft, avoid axial deviation during bearing assembly, ensure that the inner rings of the third bearing and the fourth bearing are coaxial, and further make the cooperation of the bearing outer ring and the mounting chamber more accurate, reduce the radial runout of the main shaft during operation, and lay a foundation for ensuring machining accuracy.

[0024] Preferably, the outer ring of the fourth bearing is sleeved with a bearing mounting plate; one end of the bearing mounting plate is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes, a plurality of groups of compensation springs are arranged in the plurality of groups of mounting holes; one end of the compensation spring abuts against the side wall of the second mounting chamber, and the other end of the compensation spring abuts against the outer ring of the fourth bearing.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the spindle is prone to axial thermal expansion due to heat generated during high-speed operation, and the compensation spring has good elastic deformation capacity, so that when the spindle drives the fourth bearing inner ring to axially displace, the compensation spring can automatically adjust the position of the fourth bearing outer ring, cooperate with the compensation gap in the second mounting chamber, provide sufficient axial movement space for the bearing, and the compensation spring always applies stable elastic thrust to the fourth bearing outer ring, can compensate the gap caused by wear in real time, and makes the rolling element always closely contact the inner and outer rings, so that the spindle is prevented from shaking due to excessive clearance.

[0026] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The compensation gap arranged in the bearing chamber accurately offsets thermal deformation, ensures machining precision, and the heat generated during high-speed operation of the rotating spindle will cause obvious thermal expansion along the length direction, and the compensation gap reserved in the bearing chamber provides a dedicated release space for thermal expansion, can guide the expansion amount of the spindle to move to the tail part, avoid displacement of the front end working end face caused by expansion, directly solve the influence of spindle thermal deformation on machining precision, can effectively reduce problems such as undercutting and overcutting in part machining, and is especially suitable for machine tools and other equipment with high machining precision requirements. The thrust spring between the first bearing and the second bearing continuously applies a thrusting force, which can completely eliminate the clearance of the bearing itself, on the one hand, avoids axial movement and radial shaking of the spindle due to the clearance when the spindle is running, makes the rotation track of the spindle more accurate, and reduces the interference of vibration on the machining quality; on the other hand, the clearance-free bearing cooperation state can improve the rigidity of the overall structure, so that the spindle is not prone to deformation when bearing machining load, and the stability of the machining process is further ensured.

[0027] The oil supplementing area is provided with a floating block, the function of the floating block is to trigger oil discharge relying on oil level change, when the oil in the oil supplementing area is not accumulated, the floating block is in a low position and cannot drive the driving rod; when the oil level rises due to continuous oil supplementing, the floating block will rise synchronously until abuts against and pushes the driving rod to slide, which avoids idle running of the oil discharge structure when the oil amount is insufficient, and prevents the oil from being transported to the bearing chamber to cause insufficient lubrication when the oil does not meet the standard, realizes self-adaptive start-stop of oil discharge based on oil level, does not need additional oil level detection and control elements, and the oil discharge structure, the opening structure and the oil inlet structure form a complete action closed loop, opening structure rotation not only provides conditions for air supplementing, but also triggers the driving rod to pop out through the reset spring, and prepares for the driving action of the floating block; and after oil supplementing of the oil inlet structure, the floating block rises to drive oil discharge, so that the three key actions of air supplementing, oil inletting and oil discharging are sequentially linked and cooperated in an orderly manner, which improves the overall synergy of the air supplementing and lubricating system of the bearing chamber, and reduces the control error of multi-action cooperation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the overall structure.

[0029] Figure 2is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part A in FIG. 6.

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part B in FIG. 7.

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part C in FIG. 8.

[0032] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1, housing; 11, rotating main shaft; 12, connecting piece; 13, mounting support; 2, bearing chamber; 21, first bearing; 22, second bearing; 23, top ring; 24, first blocking ring; 25, top force spring; 26, air curtain groove; 261, air curtain blocking ring; 3, working cavity; 31, partition plate; 311, guide long hole; 312, sealing sliding plate; 32, air supplement area; 321, air inlet; 322, air outlet; 33, oil supplement area; 331, oil inlet; 332, oil outlet; 333, floating block; 34, baffle; 4, opening structure; 41, rotating shaft; 42, fixed rod; 43, support plate; 44, locking groove; 45, locking rod; 46, locking spring; 5, oil outlet structure; 51, driving groove; 52, driving rod; 53, reset spring; 54, opening cavity; 55, oil blocking plate; 6, bearing structure; 61, first mounting chamber; 611, third bearing; 62, second mounting chamber; 621, fourth bearing; 63, second blocking ring; 64, bearing mounting plate; 641, mounting hole; 642, compensation spring; 7, oil inlet structure; 71, oil inlet cavity; 72, driving piston rod; 73, oil inlet plate; 74, stop spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-4 The present application is further described in detail.

[0034] The present application discloses a main shaft compensation mechanism. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including the shell 1, the shell 1 is provided with rotating main shaft 11; the tail end of rotating main shaft 11 is provided with bearing chamber 2; bearing chamber 2 is provided with first bearing 21, second bearing 22, top ring 23, first stop ring 24 and top force spring 25; first bearing 21 and second bearing 22 are provided on rotating main shaft 11; top ring 23 is arranged between first bearing 21 and second bearing 22, one end of top ring 23 abuts against the outer ring of second bearing 22; one end of top force spring 25 abuts against the other end of top ring 23, the other end of top force spring 25 abuts against the outer ring of first bearing 21; first stop ring 24 is arranged between first bearing 21 and second bearing 22; one end of first stop ring 24 abuts against the inner ring of first bearing 21, the other end of first stop ring 24 abuts against the inner ring of second bearing 22; compensation gap is arranged in bearing chamber 2; rotating main shaft 11 generates heat during rotation, because rotating main shaft 11 is long shaft shape, the length direction of rotating main shaft 11 changes greatly under the influence of heat, through the compensation gap in bearing chamber 2 arranged at the tail end of rotating main shaft 11, the expansion length of rotating main shaft 11 moves backward, which ensures the precision of the front machining end of rotating main shaft 11; when rotating main shaft 11 expands and moves, the relative movement between first bearing 21 and second bearing 22 is eliminated by the continuous pressing force of top force spring 25 between first bearing 21 and second bearing 22; one end of bearing chamber 2 is provided with air curtain groove 26, air curtain groove 26 is provided with air curtain stop ring 261, annular air curtain is formed by air curtain groove 26 and air curtain stop ring 261.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4The starting end of the rotating main shaft 11 is provided with a bearing structure 6, the other end of the shell 1 is provided with a mounting support 13, the mounting support 13 divides the bearing structure 6 into a first mounting chamber 61 and a second mounting chamber 62; the first mounting chamber 61 is provided with a third bearing 611, the third bearing 611 is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 11; the second mounting chamber 62 is provided with a fourth bearing 621, the fourth bearing 621 is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 11; the second mounting chamber 62 is provided with a compensation gap; the rotating main shaft 11 is sleeved with a second blocking ring 63, the second blocking ring 63 is located between the first mounting chamber 61 and the second mounting chamber 62, one end of the second blocking ring 63 abuts against the inner ring of the third bearing 611, the other end of the second blocking ring 63 abuts against the inner ring of the fourth bearing 621; the outer ring of the fourth bearing 621 is sleeved with a bearing mounting plate 64; one end of the bearing mounting plate 64 is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes 641, a plurality of groups of compensation springs 642 are arranged in the mounting holes 641; one end of the compensation spring 642 abuts against the side wall of the second mounting chamber 62, the other end of the compensation spring 642 abuts against the outer ring of the fourth bearing 621; similarly, the compensation gap in the second mounting chamber 62 also compensates the length of the expansion of the rotating main shaft 11, and the continuous jacking force of the plurality of groups of compensation springs 642 between the mounting support 13 and the fourth bearing 621 eliminates the play of the fourth bearing 621.

[0036] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 4 One end of the shell 1 is provided with a connecting piece 12, the inside of the connecting piece 12 is provided with a working cavity 3; the working cavity 3 is provided with a partition plate 31, the partition plate 31 divides the working cavity 3 into a gas supplementing area 32 and an oil supplementing area 33; one end of the gas supplementing area 32 is provided with an air inlet 321, one side of the gas supplementing area 32 is provided with an air outlet 322, the air outlet 322 communicates with the bearing chamber 2; one side of the oil supplementing area 33 is provided with an oil outlet 332, one end of the oil supplementing area 33 is provided with an oil inlet 331, the oil outlet 332 communicates with the bearing chamber 2, wherein the oil supplementing unit and the gas supplementing unit respectively input oil and gas into the working cavity 3 through the oil inlet 331 and the air inlet 321, the working cavity 3 is provided with a baffle plate 34, the baffle plate 34 has the freedom to move along the partition plate 31; the partition plate 31 is provided with a guide long hole 311, a sealing sliding plate 312 is slidably arranged in the guide long hole 311, the baffle plate 34 is arranged on the top of the sealing sliding plate 312, air flows in through the air inlet 321 to drive the baffle plate 34 to slide along the partition plate 31, the baffle plate 34 drives the sealing sliding plate 312 to slide upwards, ensuring that there is no air leakage below the baffle plate 34, so that the baffle plate 34 slides stably.

[0037] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3, two sets of opening structures 4 are arranged in the working cavity 3, one set of opening structures 4 is located at the air outlet 322, and the other set of opening structures 4 is located on the oil supplementing area 33; the opening structure 4 comprises a rotating shaft 41, a fixed rod 42, a support plate 43, a locking groove 44, a locking rod 45 and a locking spring 46; the rotating shaft 41 is rotationally arranged on the working cavity 3; one end of the fixed rod 42 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 41, one end of the support plate 43 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 41, and the support plate 43 is arranged at an obtuse angle with the locking rod 45; the locking groove 44 is arranged on the inner wall of the working cavity 3, the locking groove 44 is located above the rotating shaft 41, and the locking rod 45 is rotationally arranged on one side of the locking groove 44; one end of the locking spring 46 is rotationally arranged on the locking groove 44, and the other end of the locking spring 46 is rotationally arranged on the locking rod 45; the airflow pushes the baffle 34 to slide to the fixed rod 42, the baffle 34 pushes the fixed rod 42 to rotate around the rotating shaft 41, the rotating shaft 41 drives the support plate 43 to rotate, and the support plate 43 simultaneously abuts against the baffle 34; when the fixed rod 42 abuts against the locking rod 45 and breaks through the locking spring 46 to enter the locking groove 44, the baffle 34 is kept at a certain position in cooperation with the pushing force of the airflow; after the support plate 43 rotates, the opening structure 4 arranged at the air outlet 322 opens the air outlet 322, so that the airflow enters the bearing chamber 2 through the air outlet 322.

[0038] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the other end of the oil supplementing area 33 is provided with an oil inlet structure 7 comprising an oil inlet cavity 71, a driving piston rod 72, an oil inlet plate 73 and a stop spring 74; one end of the oil inlet cavity 71 is communicated at the other end of the oil supplementing area 33, and one end of the driving piston rod 72 is slidingly arranged in one end of the oil inlet cavity 71; the other end of the oil inlet cavity 71 is communicated at the oil inlet 331, and one end of the oil inlet plate 73 is slidingly arranged at the other end of the oil inlet cavity 71; one end of the stop spring 74 is fixedly connected to the other end of the driving piston rod 72, and the other end of the stop spring 74 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil supplementing area 33; when the baffle 34 slides to the other end of the oil supplementing area 33 by the airflow, the baffle 34 and the driving piston rod 72 slide into the oil inlet cavity 71, the oil inlet plate 73 slides by the pressure in the oil inlet cavity 71, and the oil inlet plate 73 slides to open the oil inlet 331 to supplement oil to the oil supplementing area 33.

[0039] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3The floating block 333 is arranged in the oil supplement area 33 and has the freedom to move towards the baffle 34; the oil outlet structure 5 is arranged at the opening structure 4 on the oil supplement area 33 and comprises a driving groove 51, a driving rod 52, a reset spring 53, an opening cavity 54 and an oil baffle 55; the driving groove 51 is arranged on the working cavity 3 and is below the opening structure 4 on the oil supplement area 33; the opening cavity 54 is arranged in the connecting piece 12 and is in communication with the driving groove 51 and the oil outlet 332 at two ends thereof; the oil baffle 55 is slidingly arranged in the opening cavity 54; the driving rod 52 is arranged in the driving groove 51 and one end of the driving rod 52 is rotationally connected to the oil baffle 55; one end of the reset spring 53 is rotationally arranged on the oil baffle 55 and the other end of the reset spring 53 is rotationally arranged on the driving rod 52; the floating block 333 is used to abut against the driving rod 52 to slide along the driving groove 51; the baffle 34 slides to a certain position to make the support plate 43 arranged in the opening structure 4 of the oil supplement area 33 rotate, the support plate 43 rotates to make the driving rod 52 rotate by the force of the reset spring 53, the floating block 333 abuts against the driving rod 52 to make the oil baffle 55 slide after the oil is increased, and the oil outlet 332 is opened to supply oil to the bearing chamber 2.

[0040] The working principle of the spindle compensation mechanism in the application is as follows: the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 are arranged in the tail end bearing chamber 2 of the rotating spindle 11, and are combined through the top ring 23, the first blocking ring 24 and the top force spring 25; when the rotating spindle 11 generates heat and expands, the compensation gap reserved in the bearing chamber 2 allows the rotating spindle 11 to move backward, and the top force spring 25 continuously applies a clamping force to eliminate the play generated by the relative movement of the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22; the bearing structure 6 at the starting end of the rotating spindle 11 is divided into a first mounting chamber 61 and a second mounting chamber 62, and the third bearing 611, the fourth bearing 621 and the second blocking ring 63 are arranged in the second mounting chamber 62; the second mounting chamber 62 is provided with a compensation gap, and a plurality of sets of compensation springs 642 on the bearing mounting plate 64 abut against the outer ring of the fourth bearing 621; when the rotating spindle 11 expands, the deformation is absorbed through the gap, and the compensation springs 642 synchronously eliminate the play, thereby guaranteeing the machining accuracy of the rotating spindle 11; the air curtain groove 26 at one end of the bearing chamber 2 cooperates with the air curtain blocking ring 261 to continuously form a high-pressure air curtain, thereby preventing impurities such as dust and oil stains from entering the inside of the bearing chamber 2; the working cavity 3 in the connecting piece 12 is divided into a gas supplementing area 32 and an oil supplementing area 33; the airflow enters the gas inlet 321 of the gas supplementing area 32, pushes the baffle 34 to slide along the partition plate 31, the sealing sliding plate 312 synchronously slides with the baffle 34 to ensure air tightness, the baffle 34 pushes the opening structure 4 at the gas outlet 322 of the gas supplementing area 32, the fixed rod 42 in the opening structure 4 rotates around the rotating shaft 41, drives the support plate 43 to abut against the baffle 34, the locking rod 45 breaks through the locking spring 46 and enters the locking groove 44, the gas outlet 322 is opened, the airflow enters the bearing chamber 2 to realize air curtain supplementing, when the baffle 34 slides to the end of the oil supplementing area 33, the baffle 34 pushes the driving piston rod 72 to compress the stop spring 74, the pressure change in the oil inlet cavity 71 promotes the oil inlet plate 73 to slide, the oil inlet 331 is opened to supplement oil to the oil supplementing area 33, the floating block 333 in the oil supplementing area 33 moves upward along with the rising oil level, abuts against the driving rod 52 of the oil outlet structure 5, and the driving rod 52 drives the oil blocking plate 55 to slide through the reset spring 53; at the same time, the support plate 43 of the opening structure 4 in the oil supplementing area 33 rotates to assist unlocking, the oil outlet 332 is opened, the oil is injected into the bearing chamber 2 to realize lubrication, and after the gas and oil supply is stopped, the baffle 34 slides downward along the partition plate 31 relying on its own gravity, and drives each structure to reset.

[0041] The above are preferred embodiments of the application, and do not limit the protection scope of the application, so that: any equivalent changes made on the basis of the structure, shape, principle of the application should be covered within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A spindle compensation mechanism characterized by: The application relates to a bearing room compensation gap structure of a rotary main shaft.

2. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the shell (1) is provided with a connecting piece (12), the inside of the connecting piece (12) is provided with a working cavity (3); the working cavity (3) is provided with a partition plate (31), the partition plate (31) divides the working cavity (3) into a gas supplement area (32) and an oil supplement area (33); one end of the gas supplement area (32) is provided with an air inlet (321), one side of the gas supplement area (32) is provided with an air outlet (322), the air outlet (322) is communicated with the bearing room (2); one side of the oil supplement area (33) is provided with an oil outlet (332), one end of the oil supplement area (33) is provided with an oil inlet (331), the oil outlet (332) is communicated with the bearing room (2).

3. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The working cavity (3) is provided with a baffle (34), the baffle (34) has the freedom of moving along the partition plate (31), a gas supply unit drives the baffle (34) to slide through the air inlet (321); the partition plate (31) is provided with a guide long hole (311), the guide long hole (311) is slidably provided with a sealing sliding plate (312), and the baffle (34) is arranged on the top of the sealing sliding plate (312).

4. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the bearing room (2) is provided with an air curtain groove (26), the air curtain groove (26) is provided with an air curtain baffle ring (261).

5. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: Two groups of opening structures (4) are arranged in the working cavity (3), one group of the opening structures (4) is located at the air outlet (322), and the other group of the opening structures (4) is located on the oil supplementing area (33); the opening structure (4) comprises a rotating shaft (41), a fixed rod (42), a support plate (43), a locking groove (44), a locking rod (45) and a locking spring (46); the rotating shaft (41) is rotationally arranged on the working cavity (3); one end of the fixed rod (42) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (41), one end of the support plate (43) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (41), and the support plate (43) and the locking rod (45) are arranged at an obtuse angle; the locking groove (44) is arranged on the inner wall of the working cavity (3), the locking groove (44) is located above the rotating shaft (41), and the locking rod (45) is rotationally arranged on one side of the locking groove (44); one end of the locking spring (46) is rotationally arranged on the locking groove (44), and the other end of the locking spring (46) is rotationally arranged on the locking rod (45).

6. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The other end of the oil supplementing area (33) is provided with an oil inlet structure (7) comprising an oil inlet cavity (71), a driving piston rod (72), an oil inlet plate (73) and a stop spring (74), one end of the oil inlet cavity (71) is communicated at the other end of the oil supplementing area (33), and one end of the driving piston rod (72) is slidingly arranged in one end of the oil inlet cavity (71); the other end of the oil inlet cavity (71) is communicated at the oil inlet (331), one end of the oil inlet plate (73) is slidingly arranged in the other end of the oil inlet cavity (71); one end of the stop spring (74) is fixedly connected to the other end of the driving piston rod (72), and the other end of the stop spring (74) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil supplementing area (33).

7. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The oil supplementing area (33) is provided with a floating block (333), the floating block (333) has the freedom to move towards the baffle (34); the opening structure (4) located on the oil supplementing area (33) is provided with an oil outlet structure (5), the oil outlet structure (5) comprises a driving groove (51), a driving rod (52), a reset spring (53), an opening cavity (54) and an oil baffle (55); the driving groove (51) is arranged on the working cavity (3), and the driving groove (51) is located below the opening structure (4) on the oil supplementing area (33); the opening cavity (54) is arranged in the connecting piece (12), and two ends of the opening cavity (54) are in communication with the driving groove (51) and the oil outlet (332) respectively; the oil baffle (55) is slidably arranged in the opening cavity (54); the driving rod (52) is arranged in the driving groove (51), one end of the driving rod (52) is rotatably connected to the oil baffle (55); one end of the reset spring (53) is rotatably arranged on the oil baffle (55), and the other end of the reset spring (53) is rotatably arranged on the driving rod (52); the floating block (333) is used for abutting against the driving rod (52) to slide along the driving groove (51).

8. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 1 wherein: The starting end of the rotating main shaft (11) is provided with a bearing structure (6), the other end of the shell (1) is provided with a mounting support (13), the mounting support (13) divides the bearing structure (6) into a first mounting chamber (61) and a second mounting chamber (62); the first mounting chamber (61) is provided with a third bearing (611), and the third bearing (611) is sleeved on the rotating main shaft (11); the second mounting chamber (62) is provided with a fourth bearing (621), and the fourth bearing (621) is sleeved on the rotating main shaft (11); the second mounting chamber (62) is provided with a compensation gap.

9. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: The rotating main shaft (11) is sleeved with a second blocking ring (63), the second blocking ring (63) is located between the first mounting chamber (61) and the second mounting chamber (62), one end of the second blocking ring (63) abuts against the inner ring of the third bearing (611), and the other end of the second blocking ring (63) abuts against the inner ring of the fourth bearing (621).

10. A spindle compensation mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: The outer ring of the fourth bearing (621) is sleeved with a bearing mounting plate (64); one end of the bearing mounting plate (64) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes (641), a plurality of groups of compensation springs (642) are arranged in the mounting holes (641); one end of the compensation spring (642) abuts against the side wall of the second mounting chamber (62), and the other end of the compensation spring (642) abuts against the outer ring of the fourth bearing (621).

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