Composite sensitizer for high-stability emulsion explosive as well as preparation method and application of composite sensitizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of explosive sensitization, in particular to a high-stability composite sensitizer for emulsion explosives and a preparation method and application thereof.The composite sensitizer comprises, by weight, 10-55 parts of a modified physical sensitizer, 60-95 parts of a modified chemical sensitizer and 1-4 parts of a dispersing agent, the modified chemical sensitizer comprises the following components: 50-70% of water, 10-50% of a polarity regulator, 0-25% of a foaming agent and 0-23% of an accelerant, and non-polar coating modification is performed on the surface of the physical sensitizer, so that direct contact between the physical sensitizer and an emulsion matrix is avoided, and adverse effects on storage stability are reduced. The polarity of a chemical sensitizer solution is adjusted, the absorption efficiency of a dispersing agent is improved, the interfacial tension between the chemical sensitizer solution and the surface of the modified physical sensitizer is reduced, so that a stable adsorption structure of modified physical sensitizer-dispersing agent-water or an aqueous solution is formed, and the prepared composite sensitizer is good in storage stability and fluidity and beneficial to industrial production and application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of explosive sensitization, in particular to a composite sensitizing agent for high-stability emulsion explosive, a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As one of the main varieties of industrial explosives, emulsion explosive has become the explosive variety with the highest production and the widest application range in China due to its unique performance advantages. In order to make emulsion explosive have good explosive performance, a large number of micro-bubbles need to be introduced into the emulsion explosive, which will form "hot spots" when subjected to adiabatic compression, thereby achieving sensitization. The common sensitization methods for emulsion explosive currently include chemical sensitization and physical sensitization. Chemical sensitization generates sensitized bubbles through chemical reactions of chemical reagents, has the advantages of low cost, can be formulated into a solution for easy pumping and addition, and is friendly to the operating environment, and therefore becomes the main sensitization method adopted in emulsion explosive production lines. However, the gas production rate of the chemical sensitizing agent is greatly affected by temperature, the reaction is not easy to control and has a large aftereffect, the reliability of the sensitized bubbles is low, and the sensitized bubbles are easily disturbed and invalid, which leads to a decrease in the explosive performance of emulsion explosive.

[0003] Physical sensitization involves adding physical sensitizing agents containing micro-bubbles, such as glass microspheres, perlite and resin microspheres, into the emulsion matrix. The physical bubbles have higher reliability and are not easily disturbed and invalid, which helps to fully develop the potential of the explosive and improve the detonation performance of the explosive. Due to the hydrophobicity and low density of the physical sensitizing agent, it is not easy to be formulated into a solution, and the prepared solution is prone to stratification. The production lines that use physical sensitization need to separately add dry material mixing devices, which requires manual feeding and does not conform to the development direction of intelligent and unmanned explosive production lines, thereby increasing the investment and operation and maintenance costs of equipment and facilities. At the same time, the physical sensitizing agent as a micro-particle is easily suspended in the air during the addition and mixing process, which leads to a poor operating environment and easily causes occupational hazards after long-term inhalation. The emulsion matrix directly contacts the physical sensitizing agent, which easily leads to crystallization and demulsification of the explosive, reduces the storage period of the explosive, and especially when used in packaged emulsion explosive with high storage period requirements, the addition proportion needs to be controlled.

[0004] The prior art discloses a method for compounding a physical sensitizing agent and a chemical sensitizing agent into a composite sensitizing agent solution and the application thereof in mixed emulsion explosive, but the storage stability of the composite sensitizing agent itself is poor and stratification occurs in the storage state. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a composite sensitizing agent for high-stability emulsion explosive, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to improve the storage performance of the composite sensitizing agent and avoid negative effects on the detonation performance of the explosive.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application provides a high-stability composite sensitizer for emulsion explosive, which comprises the following components: modified physical sensitizer 10-55 parts, modified chemical sensitizer 60-95 parts and dispersant 1-4 parts, wherein the modified chemical sensitizer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 50-70% water, 10-50% polarity regulator, 0-25% foaming agent and 0-23% accelerator.

[0007] The components in the disclosed composite sensitizer have the following functions: the accelerator mainly functions to increase the reaction rate of nitrite ions in the foaming agent with ammonium ions in the emulsion explosive and reduce the chemical foaming aftereffect; the foaming agent functions to produce nitrogen gas through the reaction of nitrite ions with ammonium ions, thereby playing a chemical gas production sensitization role; the polarity regulator mainly functions to reduce the polarity of the chemical sensitizer solvent, reduce the interfacial tension between the modified physical sensitizer and the solution, improve the adsorption efficiency of the dispersant, form a steric hindrance effect in cooperation with the dispersant, and enhance the stability of the dispersion system; and the dispersant is a non-ionic lipophilic surfactant, which is not easily affected by the pH value and ions in the solution, is basically consistent with the emulsifier for emulsion explosive, does not change the HLB value of the emulsion system, and does not affect the storage stability of the explosive. The main function of the dispersant is to uniformly disperse the lipophilic physical sensitizer after modification into the solution.

[0008] The polarity regulator is at least one of ethylene glycol, ethanol, glycerol and propylene glycol.

[0009] The modified physical sensitizer comprises 15-65% physical sensitizer and 35-85% coating agent.

[0010] The physical sensitizer has a cavity structure with a hard shell.

[0011] The physical sensitizer is at least one of glass microspheres, resin microspheres and perlite.

[0012] The coating agent is at least one of paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, composite wax, diesel oil, engine oil, white oil, coal-derived oil, vaseline, epoxy resin and polyurethane.

[0013] The coating agent forms an oily film or oily shell on the surface of the physical sensitizer, improves the lipophilicity of the physical sensitizer, and increases the binding strength with the lipophilic end of the dispersant. The oily film / shell on the surface can act as a "buffer layer" to avoid direct contact of the physical sensitizer with the latex matrix, and reduce the damage to the stability of the emulsion explosive. The dispersant has both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity, the lipophilic end is strongly combined with the modified physical sensitizer, and the hydrophilic end is combined with the chemical sensitizer solution, which acts as a "link" to disperse the physical sensitizer into the solution. The polarity adjuster reduces the polarity of the chemical sensitizer solution, reduces the polarity difference between the lipophilic group on the surface of the physical sensitizer, and directly reduces the interfacial tension between them, providing a "basic environment" for the dispersion of the physical sensitizer. The dispersant used in the present application is commonly used as an emulsifier in the field, and in the present application, it is used as a link to weaken the repulsive force of the solution to the lipophilic end of the dispersant, so that the lipophilic end can more smoothly combine with the oily coating layer on the surface of the physical sensitizer. At the same time, the hydrophilic end of the dispersant can form a hydrogen bond with the polarity adjuster, further enhancing the binding force with the solvent, so that the final configuration of the composite sensitizer forms a stable adsorption structure of "modified physical sensitizer-dispersant-water or water solution", avoiding the agglomeration of the physical sensitizer microspheres, and further ensuring that the prepared composite sensitizer has good storage stability.

[0014] The accelerator is at least one of metal thiocyanate, alkaline earth metal thiocyanate, ammonium thiocyanate, alkali metal nitrate, and alkaline earth metal nitrate.

[0015] The accelerator is selected from sodium thiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate, ammonium thiocyanate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, iron nitrate, cobalt nitrate, cadmium nitrate, chromium nitrate, nickel nitrate, zinc nitrate, and copper nitrate, preferably sodium thiocyanate, ammonium thiocyanate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, and zinc nitrate.

[0016] The foaming agent is sodium nitrite.

[0017] The dispersant is at least one of span-80, span-60, and PIBSA series surfactant.

[0018] The application also discloses a preparation method of the composite sensitizer. The physical sensitizer and the coating agent are measured and added, heated and uniformly mixed to prepare the modified physical sensitizer for standby use. The foaming agent, the accelerator, water and the polarity adjuster are measured and added, heated and uniformly mixed to prepare the modified chemical sensitizer for standby use. The modified physical sensitizer, the modified chemical sensitizer and the dispersant are mixed and uniformly stirred to prepare the composite sensitizer.

[0019] The application also discloses application of the composite sensitizer in preparation of the emulsion explosive.

[0020] The application has the advantages that: the non-polar coating modification is performed on the surface of the physical sensitizer to avoid direct contact with the latex matrix and reduce the adverse effect on the storage stability of the explosive; the polarity of the chemical sensitizer solution is adjusted to improve the absorption efficiency of the dispersant and reduce the interfacial tension between the modified physical sensitizer and the dispersant; the modified physical sensitizer is uniformly dispersed into the chemical sensitizer solution by the dispersant and cooperates with the modified chemical sensitizer solution to form a steric hindrance effect, so that the composite sensitizer has the characteristics of good fluidity and difficulty in static stratification, the problem of the physical sensitizer being unable to be pumped is solved, the sensitization quality of the emulsion explosive is improved, and the on-site operation environment and production process are optimized; the coating agent and the dispersant used in the application are basically consistent with the raw materials for the emulsion explosive, have good compatibility, are beneficial to improving the dispersion effect of the composite sensitizer, and have no negative effect on the quality of the explosive product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is the state of the composite sensitizer prepared by the modified physical sensitizer of the present application + the modified chemical sensitizer after stirring.

[0023] Figure 2 is the state of the composite sensitizer prepared by the unmodified physical sensitizer + the dispersant + the modified chemical sensitizer after stirring.

[0024] Figure 3 is the state of the composite sensitizer prepared by the modified physical sensitizer + the dispersant + the unmodified chemical sensitizer after stirring, Figure 4 is Figure 3 is the state of the composite sensitizer after being placed for 5 hours, and the bottom of the composite sensitizer begins to stratify.

[0025] Figure 5 is the state of the composite sensitizer prepared by the unmodified physical sensitizer + the unmodified chemical sensitizer after stirring.

[0026] Figure 6 is the state of the composite sensitizer prepared by the modified physical sensitizer + the dispersant + the modified chemical sensitizer after stirring, and the composite sensitizer is in a liquid state as a whole.

[0027] Figure 7 is Figure 6 The state of the composite sensitizer after being configured for 7 days.

[0028] Figure 8 is a flowchart of a preparation method of a composite sensitizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, the embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0030] The mixed emulsion base adopts a unified formula: the water phase component is 86:16 of ammonium nitrate: water, the temperature is controlled at 85-90°C, a mature integrated mixed oil phase product on the market is used as the oil phase component, the temperature is controlled at 60-75°C, the water phase component and the oil phase component are mixed at a ratio of 93.5:6.5, and a high-speed shearing emulsion is obtained through a laboratory stirrer.

[0031] The packaged emulsion base adopts a unified formula: the water phase component is 82:6:12 of ammonium nitrate: sodium nitrate: water, the temperature is controlled at 105-115°C, a mature integrated packaged oil phase product on the market is used as the oil phase component, the temperature is controlled at 85-95°C, the water phase component and the oil phase component are mixed at a ratio of 93.8:6.2, and a high-speed shearing emulsion is obtained through a laboratory stirrer.

[0032] Example 1: Modified physical sensitizer: the physical sensitizer is 3M glass microspheres, the coating agent is a composite wax, the mass ratio of the physical sensitizer to the coating agent is 50:50, the glass microspheres and the composite wax are weighed at a mass ratio under the condition of heating at 85-90°C, and the modified physical sensitizer is obtained by stirring and mixing under the condition of heating at 85-90°C.

[0033] Modified chemical sensitizer: the polarity adjusting agent is ethylene glycol, no foaming agent and accelerator is added, the mass ratio of water to the polarity adjusting agent is 90:10, tap water and ethylene glycol are weighed at a mass ratio under the condition of heating at 30-35°C, and the modified chemical sensitizer is obtained by stirring and mixing.

[0034] The modified physical sensitizer, the modified chemical sensitizer, and the dispersant are mixed at a weight percentage of 46:52:2 under the condition of stirring and mixing uniformly at 30-40°C, and the composite sensitizer of Example 1 is obtained.

[0035] The SP-80 surfactant with a mass ratio of 80% and the PIBSA high-molecular surfactant with a mass ratio of 20% are heated at 50-60°C, and the dispersant is obtained by fully stirring and mixing.

[0036] First contrast group: In the mixed emulsion explosive matrix, the amount of glass microspheres is 2.0% of the weight of the emulsion matrix as a blank example 1, and the composite sensitizer of example 1 is used as a contrast sample. The amount of composite sensitizer of example 1 is 8.7% of the weight of the emulsion matrix, and the amount of glass microspheres is ensured to be consistent.

[0037] The detonation velocity of the mixed emulsion explosive prepared by the two sensitizers changes with time as shown in Table 1: Storage period / months 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Blank example detonation velocity / m / s 5587 5265 4854 Misfire Misfire Example detonation velocity / m / s 5545 5473 5236 5117 4989 Table 1 From the detonation velocity data in Table 1, it can be seen that the composite sensitizer of example 1 is less destructive to the emulsion explosive than directly adding physical sensitizer, which can improve the storage period of the explosive. This is because the coating agent forms an oily film or shell on the surface of the physical sensitizer, increasing the lipophilicity of the physical sensitizer and increasing the binding strength with the lipophilic end of the dispersant. The oily film / shell on the surface can act as a "buffer layer" to prevent direct contact between the physical sensitizer and the emulsion matrix, reducing the damage to the stability of the emulsion explosive. The dispersant has both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity, the lipophilic end is strongly combined with the modified physical sensitizer, and the hydrophilic end is combined with the chemical sensitizer solution, which acts as a "link" to disperse the physical sensitizer into the solution. The polarity modifier reduces the polarity of the chemical sensitizer solution, reduces the polarity difference between the lipophilic group on the surface of the physical sensitizer, and directly reduces the interfacial tension between them, providing a "basic environment" for the dispersion of the physical sensitizer. The polarity modifier weakens the repulsive force of the solution to the lipophilic end of the dispersant, and the lipophilic end can more smoothly combine with the oily coating layer on the surface of the physical sensitizer. At the same time, the modified physical sensitizer is uniformly dispersed into the solution through the dispersant, and cooperates with the modified chemical sensitizer solution to form a steric hindrance effect, realizing the characteristics of good fluidity and not easy to separate of the composite sensitizer. The physical sensitizer can be automatically pumped during production, the hydrophilic end of the dispersant can form hydrogen bonds with the polarity modifier to further enhance the binding force with the solvent, and finally form a stable adsorption structure of "modified physical sensitizer-dispersant-water or water solution", avoiding the agglomeration of microspheres. In blank example 1, the explosive refused to explode after 1.5 months, which was because the addition of physical sensitizer caused damage to the matrix and resulted in refusal to explode.

[0038] Example 2: The modified physical sensitizer is configured: the physical sensitizer is selected as 3M glass microspheres, the coating agent is selected as composite wax, the mass ratio of physical sensitizer is 90%, and the mass ratio of coating agent is 10%. Under the condition of heating at 85-90°C, the glass microspheres and the composite wax are weighed according to the mass ratio, and are mixed under the heating temperature to obtain the modified physical sensitizer.

[0039] The modified chemical sensitizing agent is prepared by mixing 3% of nitrous acid as the foaming agent, 15% of zinc nitrate as the accelerator, 15% of ethylene glycol as the polarity regulator, and 67% of water at 30-35°C.

[0040] The modified physical sensitizing agent with a mass fraction of 20%, the modified chemical sensitizing agent with a mass fraction of 78.5%, and the dispersant with a mass fraction of 1.5% are mixed uniformly at 30-40°C to obtain the composite sensitizing agent solution of Example 2.

[0041] The dispersant is SP-80 surfactant with a mass fraction of 50% and PIBSA high molecular surfactant with a mass fraction of 50%.

[0042] The second comparative group: The chemical sensitizing agent is mixed into the mixed emulsion explosive matrix as blank Example 2, wherein the chemical sensitizing agent includes 2% of sodium nitrite, 10% of zinc nitrate, and 88% of water, the amount of the chemical sensitizing agent accounts for 3% of the weight of the emulsion explosive matrix, and the sensitizing temperature is controlled at 65-70°C. The composite sensitizing agent of Example 2 is used as the comparative example, the amount of which accounts for 3% of the weight of the emulsion explosive matrix, and the sensitizing temperature is controlled at 68-73°C.

[0043] The performance comparison of the two sensitizing agents is shown in Table 2. Storage period / weeks 0 1 2 3 4 Blank example detonation velocity / m / s 4530 4340 3521 Misfire Misfire Example detonation velocity / m / s 4960 4674 4170 3479 Misfire Table 2 The storage period data of the second comparative group decreases compared with the first comparative group, because the viscosity of the mixed emulsion explosive is low, the bubble stabilization effect is poor, only the chemical sensitizing agent is used, and the effective bubbles generated are prone to aggregation, escape, and failure during the standing, sample preparation, and testing processes, thereby reducing the explosive performance.

[0044] Compared with the blank Example 2 in which only the chemical sensitizing agent is added, the composite sensitizing agent of Example 2 adds the modified physical sensitizing agent, effectively ensures a certain number of effective bubbles, and improves the reliability of the sensitizing quality. From the completion of the configuration to the failure, the decrease of the explosive velocity is lower than that of the blank Example 2 in which only the chemical sensitizing agent is added.

[0045] Example 3: The modified physical sensitizing agent is prepared by mixing 3M glass microspheres and white oil with a mass ratio of 40% and 60% at 30-35°C.

[0046] Configuration of modified chemical sensitizer: at 40-45℃, the foaming agent is selected as nitrous acid, the mass ratio is 15%, the promoter is selected as zinc nitrate, the mass ratio is 20%, the polarity adjusting agent is selected as ethylene glycol, the mass ratio is 13%, and the mass ratio of water is 47%, and the modified chemical sensitizer is obtained after mixing uniformly.

[0047] The modified physical sensitizer, the modified chemical sensitizer and the dispersant are mixed uniformly at a weight ratio of 40:59:1 at a temperature of 30-40℃ to obtain the composite sensitizer solution of example 3.

[0048] The dispersant is only selected as PIBSA high molecular surfactant.

[0049] The third comparison group: The chemical sensitizer is mixed into the packaged latex matrix as a blank sample, the mass ratio of each component in the chemical sensitizer is sodium nitrite 20%, zinc nitrate 20%, and water 60%, the amount of chemical sensitizer added is 0.36% of the weight of the latex matrix, and the sensitization temperature is controlled at 50-55℃.

[0050] The composite sensitizer of example 3 is used as a comparison sample, and the amount added is 1.0% of the weight of the latex matrix, and the sensitization temperature is controlled at 53-55℃. The performance comparison of the two sensitizers for the packaged emulsion explosive is shown in the following table 3: Storage period / months 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Blank example detonation velocity / m / s 5247 5252 5179 5133 5131 4983 4861 Comparative example detonation velocity / m / s 5378 5369 5371 5337 5316 5263 5173 Through the comparison of example 3, the composite sensitizer is used, compared with only using the chemical sensitization method, under the same storage period, compared with the sensitization quality, the explosion performance is better, and the influence of storage time on the explosion performance of the explosive is reduced.

[0051] Example 4: Storage performance experiment of composite sensitizer formula: Composite sensitizer formulation State after 7 days standing Modified physical sensitizer + dispersant + modified chemical sensitizer No delamination Physical sensitizer + chemical sensitizer Delamination Unmodified physical sensitizer + dispersant + modified chemical sensitizer Delamination Modified physical sensitizer + dispersant + unmodified chemical sensitizer Delamination Modified physical sensitizer + modified chemical sensitizer Delamination As Figure 1 shown, it is the state of the composite sensitizer configured by the modified physical sensitizer and the modified chemical sensitizer after stirring, and under the condition of not adding the dispersant, the two cannot be mixed. The main reason is that although the polarity of the chemical sensitizer solution has been adjusted, the difference between the surface of the modified physical sensitizer and the solution polarity is still large, and it cannot be dispersed without the dispersant.

[0052] As Figure 2As shown, the composite sensitizer, prepared from unmodified physical sensitizer, dispersant, and modified chemical sensitizer, remains in a stratified state after stirring. The main reasons are: the unmodified physical sensitizer is hydrophobic and has a low density, making it prone to aggregation and suspension at the top of the solution; and the unmodified physical sensitizer has poor surface lipophilicity, resulting in weak bonding strength with the lipophilic end of the dispersant, hindering effective binding and uniform dispersion into the solution.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, this is the state of a composite sensitizer prepared with modified physical sensitizer + dispersant + unmodified chemical sensitizer after vigorous stirring, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, after standing for 5 hours, the bottom began to separate into layers. The main reason is that although it can initially maintain a uniform state after vigorous stirring, the polarity of the solution is opposite to that of the surface polarity of the physical sensitizer, and the dispersant is a lipophilic surfactant with relatively weak binding strength to the aqueous solution. After standing for a long time, the lower density physical sensitizer separates from the aqueous solution under the action of buoyancy.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the composite sensitizer prepared by unmodified physical sensitizer + unmodified chemical sensitizer is in a state of stirring. It is always in a layered state. The layering principle is similar to that before. The physical sensitizer itself is hydrophobic and light in weight, insoluble in aqueous solution, and easily aggregates on the water surface.

[0055] like Figure 6 The image shows the state of the composite sensitizer, prepared by adding a modified physical sensitizer, a dispersant, and a modified chemical sensitizer, after stirring and standing. The composite sensitizer is generally in a liquid state, with the modified physical sensitizer distributed relatively evenly within it. Figure 7 The state of the prepared composite sensitizer after standing for 7 days.

[0056] The invention of this application primarily involves non-polar coating modification of the surface of the physical sensitizer, forming an oily film on its surface. This prevents the physical sensitizer from directly contacting the latex matrix after addition, thus reducing its destructive impact on the stability of the emulsion explosive. Simultaneously, a polarity modifier is added to modify the chemical sensitizer. Combined with the use of a dispersant, the resulting composite sensitizer, after stirring, forms a stable adsorption system in solution consisting of "modified physical sensitizer - dispersant - water or aqueous solution." This meets the requirements for long-term storage of the composite sensitizer and also satisfies the pumping requirements of the sensitizer in production. The liquid state of the composite sensitizer also avoids the situation where dry material is suspended in the air at the production site, which is a consequence of directly using physical sensitizers. This enhances the engineering application value of the composite sensitizer and reduces the cost of dust control equipment at the production site.

[0057] The above disclosed is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, of course, cannot be limited by this to limit the scope of the present application, the person skilled in the art can understand that the implementation of all or part of the above-mentioned processes, and according to the equivalent changes of the claims of the present application, still belong to the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives, characterized in that, It includes the following components: The modified physical sensitizer comprises 10-55 parts, the modified chemical sensitizer comprises 60-95 parts, and the dispersant comprises 1-4 parts, wherein, by weight percentage, the modified chemical sensitizer comprises the following components: 50-70% water, 10-50% polarity modifier, 0-25% foaming agent, and 0-23% accelerator.

2. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polarity modifier is at least one of ethylene glycol, ethanol, glycerol, and propylene glycol.

3. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The modified physical sensitizer comprises 15-65% physical sensitizer and 35-85% coating agent.

4. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The physical sensitizer has a truncated cavity structure with a hard outer shell.

5. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The physical sensitizer is at least one of glass microspheres, resin microspheres, and perlite.

6. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The coating agent is at least one of paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, composite wax, diesel oil, engine oil, white oil, coal-derived oil, petrolatum, epoxy resin, and polyurethane.

7. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerator is at least one of alkali metal thiocyanate, alkaline earth metal thiocyanate, ammonium thiocyanate, alkali metal nitrate, and alkaline earth metal nitrate.

8. The composite sensitizer for highly stable emulsion explosives as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The foaming agent is sodium nitrite.

9. A method for preparing a composite sensitizer, used to prepare the composite sensitizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The physical sensitizer and coating agent are added in measured amounts, heated, and mixed evenly to prepare the modified physical sensitizer for later use. The foaming agent, accelerator, water and polarity modifier are added in measured amounts, heated and mixed evenly to prepare a modified chemical sensitizer for later use. The modified physical sensitizer, the modified chemical sensitizer, and the dispersant are mixed and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the composite sensitizer.

10. The application of the composite sensitizer as described in claim 1 in the preparation of emulsion explosives.

Images