Dust suppressant and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of environmental governance materials. The dust suppressant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 15 parts of polyacrylamide, 4 to 6 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 to 8 parts of a wetting agent, 4 to 6 parts of a humectant, 0.4 to 0.6 part of a pH buffering agent, 0.1 to 0.3 part of sodium benzoate and 70 to 80 parts of deionized water. The prepared dust suppressant has excellent dust suppression efficiency and water retention performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental governance materials, in particular to a dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dust is one of the most harmful substances in the process of coal mine production. A large amount of coal dust particles are generated in the process of mining, transportation, processing and utilization of coal. The continuous accumulation, diffusion and secondary flying of dust not only seriously affect the normal work, but also seriously endanger the life and health safety of workers. Although the traditional water spraying dust suppression method is simple, the surface tension of water is large and the surface of coal is hydrophobic, which leads to poor wetting effect of coal dust, large water consumption and low dust suppression effect. In order to solve the problems of low wetting efficiency, difficult dust aggregation and unstable surface film formation, the development of chemical dust suppressant based on high polymer materials and multifunctional additives has become an industry trend. At present, although various dust prevention technologies and products have been developed, they still face the problems of poor dust suppression effect and insufficient water retention performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an efficient dust suppressant for improving the production environment, protecting the health of workers and improving the production efficiency.

[0003] The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN113717692A discloses the application of special structure graphene in the preparation of coal mine dust suppressant. The special structure graphene is prepared by the following method: after the flake graphite is oxidized and intercalated by sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate, it is obtained by mechanical exfoliation. The invention adds graphene treated by a special method to the dust suppressant. Because part of the graphene has a similar structure to coal dust, the graphene can be adsorbed with the fine coal dust and then settle down. However, the dust suppression efficiency still needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a dust suppressant.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: A dust suppressant comprises the following raw materials by weight: polyacrylamide 10-15 parts, polyethylene glycol 4-6 parts, wetting agent 5-8 parts, humectant 4-6 parts, pH buffer 0.4-0.6 parts, sodium benzoate 0.1-0.3 parts, and deionized water 70-80 parts; The wetting agent is prepared by the following method: S1: 3-pentadecylphenol reacts with epichlorohydrin to obtain intermediate 1, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0006] S2: intermediate 1 reacts with tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether to obtain intermediate 2, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0007] S3: intermediate 2 reacts with itaconic anhydride to obtain intermediate 3, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0008] S4: intermediate 3 reacts with sodium bisulfite to obtain a wetting agent, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0009] In step S1, the molar ratio of the 3-pentadecylphenol to the epichlorohydrin is 1: (1.1-1.2).

[0010] In step S2, the molar ratio of the intermediate 1 to the tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether is 1: (1.05-1.1).

[0011] In step S3, the molar ratio of the intermediate 2 to the itaconic anhydride is 1: (1.05-1.15).

[0012] In step S4, the molar ratio of the intermediate 3 to the sodium bisulfite is 1: (1.2-1.3).

[0013] The wetting agent is prepared by the following method: N1: p-aminobenzoic acid reacts with gluconolactone to obtain an amide compound, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0014] N2: the amide compound reacts with pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether to obtain a wetting agent, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0015] In step N1, the molar ratio of the p-aminobenzoic acid to the gluconolactone is 1:1.05.

[0016] In step N2, the molar ratio of the amide compound to the pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether is 4.1:1.

[0017] The pH buffer is a mixture of sodium citrate and citric acid.

[0018] A method for preparing a dust suppressant, comprising the following steps: (1) Weigh by weight parts: polyacrylamide 10-15 parts, polyethylene glycol 4-6 parts, wetting agent 5-8 parts, humectant 4-6 parts, pH buffer 0.4-0.6 parts, sodium benzoate 0.1-0.3 parts, deionized water 70-80 parts; (2) Mix deionized water, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol, warm and stir, cool; add wetting agent, humectant, pH buffer, sodium benzoate and stir evenly to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present application include: The dust suppressant provided by the present application has excellent dust suppression performance and water retention performance. The wetting agent added in the component forms a continuous film through hydrophobic effect and π-π stacking, and the ether bond cooperates with carboxylate and sulfonate to promote surface hydrophilization and form a dense water film, so that the dust is not easy to be raised again and the wind erosion rate is significantly reduced. The humectant added in the component builds a stable hydrogen bond network to lock water together, so that the water on the surface of the coal is difficult to evaporate, thereby improving the moisture retention performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 NMR spectrum of the humectant prepared in step S4 of Example 1; Figure 2 High resolution mass spectrum of the humectant prepared in step S4 of Example 1; Figure 3 NMR spectrum of the humectant prepared in step N2 of Example 4; Figure 4 High resolution mass spectrum of the humectant prepared in step N2 of Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.

[0022] Example 1: Preparation of humectant S1: Under nitrogen protection, 250ml of toluene, 0.1mol of 3-pentadecyl phenol and 5mmol of boron trifluoride ether were added into a reaction kettle and stirred uniformly, then the temperature was raised to 50℃, 0.11mol of epichlorohydrin was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 6h after 30min of dropping, then the temperature was lowered to 40℃, 120ml of 1M NaOH solution was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out for 4h after 50min of dropping, then the liquid was separated, deionized water was used for washing (3x80ml), and 250ml of anhydrous ether was added for stirring and precipitating the sediment, then the sediment was filtered and vacuum dried at 40℃ for 8h to obtain intermediate 1; the NMR hydrogen spectrum data is as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ 7.18 (t, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.91 (dd, J = 7.9, 2.1, 1H), 6.82 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.9, 1H), 6.68 (tt, J =1.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.99 -3.87 (m, 1H), 3.71 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.51 (m, 15H), 3.46 (dd, J = 11.8,5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 2.62 (tt, J = 8.1, 0.9 Hz, 2H), 1.63 - 1.51 (m,2H), 1.39 - 1.22 (m, 24H), 0.94 - 0.84 (m, 3H);HRMS (m / z):569.4352[M+H] + ; S2: 400 ml of toluene, 0.105 mol of tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, heated to 50°C, 5 mmol of boron trifluoride etherate was added, 200 ml of toluene solution containing 0.1 mol of intermediate 1 was added dropwise, 1 h after dropping, the reaction was carried out for 7 h, cooled to room temperature, washed with 100 ml of saturated sodium bicarbonate, deionized water (2 x 100 ml) in turn, 60°C, 1 h of reduced pressure distillation, to obtain intermediate 2; its nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum data are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d 6) δ 7.18 (t, J = 8.0 Hz,1H), 6.91 (dd, J = 7.9, 2.1, 1H), 6.82 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.9, 1H), 6.68 (tt, J =1.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.99 -3.87 (m, 1H), 3.71 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.51 (m, 15H), 3.46 (dd, J = 11.8,5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 2.62 (tt, J = 8.1, 0.9 Hz, 2H), 1.63 - 1.51 (m,2H), 1.39 - 1.22 (m, 24H), 0.94 - 0.84 (m, 3H);HRMS (m / z):569.4352[M+H] + ; S3: 500 ml of DMF, 0.1 mol of intermediate 2, 5 mmol of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, 0.105 mol of itaconic anhydride was added, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 24 h. 800 ml of ether was added to stir and precipitate, washed with ether (2 x 50 ml), and dried at 50°C under vacuum for 8 h to obtain intermediate 3. The nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum data is as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d 6) δ 12.55 (s, 1H), 7.18 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (dd, J = 7.8, 2.0, 1H), 6.82 (dd, J = 8.1, 1.9, 1H), 6.66 (tt, J = 1.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 5.58 - 5.50 (m, 2H), 4.87 (p, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (dd, J = 5.5, 0.7 Hz, 2H), 3.82 - 3.65 (m, 6H), 3.60-3.54 (m, 12H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 3.15 (d, J = 1.3 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (tt, J = 8.1, 0.9 Hz, 2H), 1.63 - 1.51 (m, 2H), 1.39 - 1.22 (m, 24H), 0.93 - 0.84 (m, 3H); HRMS (m / z): 681.4487 [M+H] + ; S4: 400 ml of toluene, 100 ml of deionized water, 0.1 mol of intermediate 3, 1 g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, 0.12 mol of sodium bisulfite was added, and the temperature was raised to 80°C, and the reaction was carried out for 5 h. The temperature was cooled to room temperature, the pH was adjusted to 7 using 10 wt% NaOH solution, and the reaction was carried out at 60°C under reduced pressure for 2 h. 400 ml of anhydrous ethanol was added to stir and mix, filtered, the filtrate was slowly poured into 400 ml of ethyl acetate to stir and precipitate, filtered, and dried at 50°C under vacuum for 12 h to obtain the wetting agent. The nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum is shown in Figure 1 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d ​6) δ 7.18 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),6.91 (dd, J = 7.8, 2.0,1H), 6.82 (dd, J = 8.1, 1.9, 1H), 6.66 (tt, J = 1.9,1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.87 (p, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (dd, J = 5.5, 0.9 Hz, 2H), 3.81 -3.64 (m, 6H), 3.63-3.42 (m, 15H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 2.87 - 2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66 -2.57 (m, 2H), 1.63 - 1.51 (m, 2H), 1.37 - 1.17 (m, 24H), 0.95 - 0.84 (m, 3H); its high resolution mass spectrum is shown in Figure 2 HRMS (m / z): 762.4061 [M-2Na+H] - .

[0023] Example 2: Preparation of wetting agent: S1: 250 ml of toluene, 0.1 mol of 3-pentadecylphenol, and 5 mmol of boron trifluoride etherate were added into a reaction kettle under nitrogen protection, stirred and mixed uniformly, heated to 55°C, and then 0.115 mol of epichlorohydrin was added dropwise. After 30 min of dropwise addition, the reaction was carried out for 5.5 h. The temperature was lowered to 40°C, 120 ml of 1M NaOH solution was added dropwise, and the dropwise addition was completed after 50 min. The reaction was carried out for 4 h. The liquid was separated, washed with deionized water (3 x 80 ml), and distilled under reduced pressure at 65°C for 1 h. 250 ml of anhydrous ether was added to stir and precipitate, filtered, and vacuum dried at 40°C for 8 h to obtain intermediate 1; S2: 400 ml of toluene, 0.108 mol of tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and 5 mmol of boron trifluoride etherate were added into a reaction kettle, stirred and mixed uniformly, heated to 55°C, and then 200 ml of a toluene solution containing 0.1 mol of intermediate 1 was added dropwise. After 1 h of dropwise addition, the reaction was carried out for 6.5 h. The temperature was lowered to room temperature, and then 100 ml of saturated sodium bicarbonate and deionized water (2 x 100 ml) were used for washing. Distillation was carried out under reduced pressure at 60°C for 1 h to obtain intermediate 2; S3: 500 ml of DMF, 0.1 mol of intermediate 2, and 5 mmol of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added into a reaction kettle, stirred and mixed uniformly, and then 0.11 mol of itaconic anhydride was added. The reaction was carried out at room temperature for 24 h. 800 ml of ether was added to stir and precipitate, washed with ether (2 x 50 ml), and vacuum dried at 50°C for 8 h to obtain intermediate 3; S4: 400 ml of toluene, 100 ml of deionized water, 0.1 mol of intermediate 3, 1 g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, 0.125 mol of sodium bisulfite was added, the temperature was raised to 85°C, and the reaction was carried out for 4.5 h. After cooling to room temperature, 10 wt% NaOH solution was used to adjust the pH to 7, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure at 60°C for 2 h. 400 ml of anhydrous ethanol was added and stirred to mix, filtered, and the filtrate was slowly poured into 400 ml of ethyl acetate to precipitate the sediment, filtered, and vacuum dried at 50°C for 12 h to obtain the wetting agent. (In this reaction, the carbon-carbon double bond in intermediate 3 was sulfonated) Example 3 Preparation of wetting agent: S1: 250 ml of toluene, 0.1 mol of 3-pentadecylphenol were added into the reaction kettle under nitrogen protection, stirred and mixed, the temperature was raised to 60°C, 5 mmol of boron trifluoride etherate was added, and 0.12 mol of epichlorohydrin was added dropwise. After 30 min, the dropwise addition was completed, and the reaction was carried out for 5 h. The temperature was lowered to 40°C, 120 ml of 1M NaOH solution was added dropwise, and the dropwise addition was completed after 50 min. The reaction was carried out for 4 h, the mixture was separated, washed with deionized water (3 x 80 ml), distilled under reduced pressure at 65°C for 1 h, 250 ml of anhydrous ether was added to precipitate the sediment, filtered, and vacuum dried at 40°C for 8 h to obtain intermediate 1. S2: 400 ml of toluene, 0.11 mol of tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, the temperature was raised to 60°C, 5 mmol of boron trifluoride etherate was added, and 200 ml of toluene solution containing 0.1 mol of intermediate 1 was added dropwise. After 1 h, the dropwise addition was completed, and the reaction was carried out for 6 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, washed with 100 ml of saturated sodium bicarbonate, deionized water (2 x 100 ml), and distilled under reduced pressure at 60°C for 1 h to obtain intermediate 2. S3: 500 ml of DMF, 0.1 mol of intermediate 2, 5 mmol of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, 0.115 mol of itaconic anhydride was added, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 24 h. 800 ml of ether was added to precipitate the sediment, washed with ether (2 x 50 ml), and vacuum dried at 50°C for 8 h to obtain intermediate 3. S4: 400 ml of toluene, 100 ml of deionized water, 0.1 mol of intermediate 3, 1 g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were added into the reaction kettle, stirred and mixed, 0.13 mol of sodium bisulfite was added, the temperature was raised to 90°C, and the reaction was carried out for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, 10 wt% NaOH solution was used to adjust the pH to 7, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure at 60°C for 2 h. 400 ml of anhydrous ethanol was added and stirred to mix, filtered, and the filtrate was slowly poured into 400 ml of ethyl acetate to precipitate the sediment, filtered, and vacuum dried at 50°C for 12 h to obtain the wetting agent.

[0024] Example 4 Preparation of moisturizing agent: N1: 200 ml DMF, 0.1 mol p-aminobenzoic acid, 0.105 mol gluconolactone, and 5 mmol triethylamine were added to a reaction vessel and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. 450 ml diethyl ether was added and stirred to precipitate the precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and washed with a mixture of diethyl ether and anhydrous ethanol (volume ratio of diethyl ether to anhydrous ethanol 3:1) (2 × 50 ml). The precipitate was dried under vacuum at 50 °C for 8 h to obtain the amide compound. Its 1H NMR spectrum is as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d 6) δ 12.16 (s, 1H), 9.46 (s, 1H), 8.02 - 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.75 - 7.67 (m, 2H), 5.39 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.35 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 2H), 4.18 (dd, J = 8.1, 4.9Hz, 1H), 4.09 - 3.99 (m, 2H), 3.78 - 3.64 (m, 2H), 3.60 - 3.50 (m, 2H); HRMS(m / z): 316.0962[M+H] + (In this reaction, the amino group in p-aminobenzoic acid undergoes a ring-opening reaction with gluconolactone.) N2: 150 ml toluene, 0.041 mol of the amide compound, 0.01 mol of pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, and 0.4 g of tetrabutylammonium bromide were added to a reaction vessel, stirred and mixed, heated to reflux, and reacted for 6 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was washed successively with 50 ml of 5 wt% sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated brine (2 × 50 ml). The mixture was then distilled under reduced pressure at 65 °C for 2 hours to obtain the humectant. Its 1H NMR spectrum is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the data is as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d 6) δ 9.45 (s, 4H), 7.96 - 7.88 (m, 8H), 7.79 - 7.71 (m, 8H), 5.39 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 4H), 4.74 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 4H), 4.67 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 4H), 4.35 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 8H), 4.29 - 4.15 (m, 12H), 4.09 - 3.96 (m, 12H), 3.78 - 3.63 (m, 8H), 3.61 - 3.46 (m, 24H); its high-resolution mass spectrum is shown below.Figure 4 HRMS (m / z): 1621.5618 [M+H] calcd for C82Hl 10Nl 8O24P2 1621.5618. + (Ring-opening reaction of the epoxy group of pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether with the carboxyl group in the amide compound) Example 5 Preparation of dust suppressant: (1) Take: polyacrylamide 100 g, polyethylene glycol 40 g, wetting agent (prepared in Example 1) 50 g, humectant (prepared in Example 4) 40 g, pH buffer (citric acid 2 g and sodium citrate 2 g) 4 g, sodium benzoate 1 g, deionized water 700 g; (2) Mix deionized water, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol, stir at 40°C, 500 rpm for 20 min, cool to room temperature naturally; add wetting agent, humectant, pH buffer, sodium benzoate and continue stirring for 20 min, to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0025] Example 6 Preparation of dust suppressant: (1) Take: polyacrylamide 130 g, polyethylene glycol 50 g, wetting agent (prepared in Example 2) 60 g, humectant (prepared in Example 4) 50 g, pH buffer (citric acid 2 g and sodium citrate 3 g) 5 g, sodium benzoate 2 g, deionized water 780 g; (2) Mix deionized water, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol, stir at 40°C, 500 rpm for 20 min, cool to room temperature naturally; add wetting agent, humectant, pH buffer, sodium benzoate and continue stirring for 20 min, to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0026] Example 7 Preparation of dust suppressant: (1) Take: polyacrylamide 150 g, polyethylene glycol 60 g, wetting agent (prepared in Example 3) 80 g, humectant (prepared in Example 4) 60 g, pH buffer (citric acid 3 g and sodium citrate 3 g) 6 g, sodium benzoate 3 g, deionized water 800 g; (2) Mix deionized water, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol, stir at 40°C, 500 rpm for 20 min, cool to room temperature naturally; add wetting agent, humectant, pH buffer, sodium benzoate and continue stirring for 20 min, to obtain the dust suppressant.

[0027] Comparative Example 1 The raw material composition and preparation method of the dust suppressant are basically the same as those of Example 6, except that the wetting agent is replaced by an equal weight of wetting agent prepared by the following method: The preparation method of the wetting agent is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that 3-pentadecylphenol in step S1 is replaced by an equal molar amount of 1-pentadecanol.

[0028] Comparative Example 2 The raw material composition and preparation method of the dust suppressant are substantially the same as those of Example 6, except that the wetting agent is replaced with an equal weight of a wetting agent prepared by the following method: The preparation method of the wetting agent is substantially the same as that of Example 2, except that the tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether in step S2 is replaced with an equal molar amount of 1-tridecanol.

[0029] Comparative Example 3 The raw material composition and preparation method of the dust suppressant are substantially the same as those of Example 6, except that the wetting agent is replaced with an equal weight of the intermediate 3 (prepared in step S3 of Example 2).

[0030] Comparative Example 4 The raw material composition and preparation method of the dust suppressant are substantially the same as those of Example 6, except that the wetting agent is replaced with an equal weight of a wetting agent prepared by the following method: The preparation method of the wetting agent is substantially the same as that of Example 4, except that the gluconolactone in step N1 is replaced with an equal molar amount of 1,4-butyrolactone.

[0031] Comparative Example 5 The raw material composition and preparation method of the dust suppressant are substantially the same as those of Example 6, except that the wetting agent is replaced with an equal weight of a wetting agent prepared by the following method: The preparation method of the wetting agent is substantially the same as that of Example 4, except that the p-aminobenzoic acid in step N1 is replaced with an equal molar amount of glycine.

[0032] Comparative Example 6 The raw material composition and preparation method of the dust suppressant are substantially the same as those of Example 6, except that the wetting agent is replaced with an equal weight of a wetting agent prepared by the following method: The preparation method of the wetting agent is substantially the same as that of Example 4, except that the pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether in step N2 is replaced with 0.021 mol of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.

[0033] The polyacrylamide used in the examples and comparative examples of the present application has a trade name of Agefloc® 4145.

[0034] The dust suppressants prepared in Examples 5-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present application were tested for dust suppression performance and water retention performance.

[0035] The test uses bituminous coal with medium coalification degree, moisture content of 6.52wt%, ash content of 27.16wt%, volatile matter content of 12.04wt%, and fixed carbon content of 54.25wt%, which is produced by Shaanxi Coal Group Shenmu Zhangjiamao Mining Co., Ltd. Before use, the coal is crushed, and a 10-30 mesh dust sample is obtained and then dried in a forced air drying oven at 105 DEG C for 12 hours.

[0036] Dust suppression performance test: according to the method of 7.5.2.1 type dust suppressant in TB / T 3210.1-2020 standard, the wind erosion rate (spraying amount 1.5L / m 2 ) is tested, which is an index for measuring the dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant.

[0037] Water retention performance test: 20g of dust sample is placed in a 90mm diameter petri dish and evenly sprayed with 5ml of dust suppressant. After 20 minutes, the petri dish is placed in a forced air drying oven at 40 DEG C, and after 2 hours, the weight is recorded. The evaporation resistance rate is calculated according to the following formula:

[0038] Wherein, m0 is the mass of the petri dish, and m1 and m2 are the total weights of the coal sample and the petri dish before and after evaporation, respectively.

[0039] Table 1 Performance test table

[0040] As can be seen from the data of examples 5-7 in table 1, the dust suppressant prepared by the present application has excellent dust suppression efficiency and water retention performance.

[0041] The wetting agent added in the dust suppressant prepared by the present application contains long alkyl chain, benzene ring, ether chain segment, carboxylate and sulfonate. Among them, the hydrophobic alkyl group can produce hydrophobic interaction with the hydrophobic area on the surface of the dust particles, improve the adsorption strength of the wetting agent on the surface of the dust, and at the same time, can form a continuous film with polyacrylamide, so that the dust particles are not easy to be raised again after drying; the benzene ring structure can form a more stable wetting adsorption layer on the surface of the dust through π-π stacking with the aromatic carbon structure in the coal dust, so that the film layer is more dense, and the dust suppression efficiency is improved; the ether chain segment exposes more hydrophilic sites, which cooperates with the hydrophilic carboxylate and sulfonate to improve the hydrophilization degree of the coal surface and form a dense water film layer, thereby reducing the wind erosion rate.

[0042] The wetting agent used in comparative example 3 has insufficient overall hydrophilicity, which is difficult to form a stable wetting adsorption layer on the hydrophobic surface of the coal dust, resulting in a decrease in dust suppression effect.

[0043] The humectant added in the dust inhibitor prepared by the application is a four-arm structure, and a benzene ring, an amide and a large number of hydroxyl groups are introduced. The four-arm structure provides multiple hydrophilic sites and forms a stable cover on the coal surface, the space steric hindrance effect forms a gap to embed water, and the evaporation rate of water is reduced; the benzene ring produces an anchoring effect on the coal surface through π-π stacking effect, so that the water absorbed by the hydrophilic group is not easy to evaporate, thereby reducing the evaporation rate; the amide group and a large number of hydroxyl groups form a stable hydrogen bond network with water molecules, enhance the water locking capacity and reduce the evaporation rate.

[0044] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application and is not used to limit the application; but for ordinary skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical scheme of the application, some changes, modifications and equivalent changes of the above disclosed technical content can be made, which are equivalent embodiments of the application; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the application are still within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the application.

Claims

1. A dust suppressant, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following weight parts: polyacrylamide 10-15 parts, polyethylene glycol 4-6 parts, wetting agent 5-8 parts, humectant 4-6 parts, pH buffer 0.4-0.6 parts, sodium benzoate 0.1-0.3 parts, deionized water 70-80 parts; The wetting agent is prepared by the following method: S1: 3-pentadecylphenol reacts with epichlorohydrin to obtain intermediate 1, S2: intermediate 1 reacts with tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether to obtain intermediate 2, S3: intermediate 2 reacts with itaconic anhydride to obtain intermediate 3, S4: intermediate 3 reacts with sodium bisulfite to obtain the wetting agent.

2. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, In step S1, the molar ratio of 3-pentadecylphenol to epichlorohydrin is 1:(1.1-1.2).

3. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, In step S2, the molar ratio of intermediate 1 to tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether is 1:(1.05-1.1).

4. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, the molar ratio of intermediate 2 to itaconic anhydride is 1:(1.05-1.15).

5. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, In step S4, the molar ratio of intermediate 3 to sodium bisulfite is 1:(1.2-1.3).

6. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, The humectant is prepared by the following method: N1: p-aminobenzoic acid reacts with gluconolactone to form an amide compound, N2: the amide compound reacts with pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether to form a humectant.

7. A dust suppressant according to claim 6, characterised in that, In step N1, the molar ratio of p-aminobenzoic acid to gluconolactone is 1:1.

05.

8. The dust suppressant of claim 6, wherein the dust suppressant is a liquid. In step N2, the molar ratio of the amide compound to pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether is 4.1:

1.

9. The dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein, The pH buffer is a mixture of sodium citrate and citric acid.

10. A method of producing the dust suppressing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, The following steps are included: (1) weigh by weight parts: polyacrylamide 10-15 parts, polyethylene glycol 4-6 parts, wetting agent 5-8 parts, humectant 4-6 parts, pH buffer 0.4-0.6 parts, sodium benzoate 0.1-0.3 parts, deionized water 70-80 parts; (2) mix deionized water, polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol, heat and stir, cool; add wetting agent, humectant, pH buffer, sodium benzoate and stir evenly to obtain the dust suppressant.

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