Method and equipment for testing bonding strength of EVA adhesive film of TOPCon photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for testing the bonding strength of an EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) adhesive film of a TOPCon photovoltaic module, and the method for testing the bonding strength of the EVA adhesive film of the TOPCon photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: preparing a standard test sample; performing aging pretreatment of preset temperature, humidity and mechanical load on the sample; carrying out lossless scanning on the sample by adopting an infrared thermal imaging technology, and positioning potential defects of an interface; and finally, carrying out a stripping test at a specific rate under a constant temperature condition by using improved 180-degree stripping test equipment, and synchronously acquiring an acoustic emission signal. The equipment is integrated with an environment simulation box, a thermal infrared imager, a high-precision stripping mechanism, a multi-dimensional force sensor and an acoustic emission sensor. By simulating aging factors under actual working conditions and combining multi-signal fusion analysis, the long-term bonding reliability of the EVA adhesive film in the TOPCon assembly can be evaluated more truly and comprehensively, a failure interface can be positioned accurately, and key data support is provided for adhesive film material screening and assembly process optimization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module production, and particularly relates to a test method and equipment for the bonding strength of an EVA adhesive film of a TOPCon photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0002] TOPCon stands for tunnel oxide passivated contact, which is a high-efficiency solar cell technology based on N-type silicon substrate. Its core principle is to prepare an ultra-thin silicon oxide layer and a heavily doped polysilicon layer on the back of the cell to form a passivation contact structure, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. TOPCon cells have become one of the mainstream directions of crystalline silicon photovoltaic technology due to their high conversion efficiency and potential low decay rate. The long-term reliability of photovoltaic modules is the key to ensuring their service life, and the bonding strength of the encapsulation adhesive film (such as EVA) is a core factor determining the weather resistance, mechanical load resistance, and water vapor barrier ability of the module. Interface bonding failure can lead to accelerated power decay, delamination, and even failure of the module.

[0003] Currently, the industry generally uses standardized 180° peeling tests to quantify the bonding strength of the adhesive film. However, the existing technology has significant limitations: 1. The test objects are mostly samples in the initial state, which cannot effectively simulate the aging and interface degradation of the material under the coupling action of outdoor complex environments such as heat and humidity, ultraviolet light, and mechanical stress; 2. The test results are usually only the average peeling force, and the rich dynamic information (such as the initiation of microcracks and the evolution of different failure modes) during the peeling process is ignored, which cannot reveal the fundamental mechanism of failure; 3. The test equipment has a single function, and the aging pretreatment, non-destructive testing, and mechanical testing are independent of each other, which is cumbersome and prone to human error.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a test method and equipment for the bonding strength of an EVA adhesive film of a TOPCon photovoltaic module.

[0005] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only intended to increase an understanding of the general context in which the present application can be practiced. It is not admitted that any of the information provided in this BACKGROUND section constitutes prior art against the present application. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a test method and equipment for the bonding strength of an EVA adhesive film of a TOPCon photovoltaic module, which can solve the problem that the prior art cannot truly reflect the bonding performance after long-term aging and cannot deeply analyze the failure mechanism.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0008] A test method for the bonding strength of an EVA adhesive film of a TOPCon photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1: sample preparation: cutting standard test strips from laminated TOPCon photovoltaic modules, the standard test strips including glass, EVA adhesive film, cell piece, EVA adhesive film and back plate;

[0010] S2: accelerated aging pretreatment: placing the standard test strips in an environmental simulation box for temperature-humidity-static mechanical load coupling aging treatment;

[0011] S3: defect positioning: scanning the aged test strips by infrared thermal imaging technology to identify abnormal heat conduction areas between EVA adhesive film and adjacent layers caused by interface defects;

[0012] S4: comprehensive testing: placing the test strips on a peeling test device for peeling at a constant temperature, and synchronously and real-time collecting peeling force data, acoustic emission signals and optical images of the peeling interface;

[0013] S5: analysis and evaluation: based on the synchronous data collected in S4, calculating the bonding strength, and correlating the acoustic emission signal characteristics and the optical images to determine the failure mode.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present application, in S2, the specific parameters of the coupling aging treatment are: the temperature range is 85℃±2℃, the relative humidity range is 85%±5%, a uniform static pressure of 0.5±0.1 standard atmosphere is applied to the surface of the test strip, and the treatment time is 96 to 500 hours.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present application, in S3, when the infrared thermal imaging scanning of the aged test strips is performed, a preset power and duration of thermal excitation is applied to the test strips, and then the spatio-temporal distribution change of the surface temperature is monitored, and the interface delamination is located by analyzing the conduction difference of the heat flow in the interlayer structure.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present application, in S4, the peeling test of the test strip is carried out at a constant temperature of 25℃±1℃, the peeling speed is 50mm / min±5mm / min, and the peeling angle is 180°.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present application, in S5, S5 specifically includes the following steps: accurately matching the energy, frequency and count rate of the acoustic emission event with the fluctuation stage of the peeling force curve, and the interface topography change recorded in the optical image in time sequence, thereby distinguishing the cohesive failure, adhesive failure and their mixed mode.

[0018] The application discloses a testing device for testing the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module, which comprises an environment simulation box, wherein the environment simulation box comprises a simulation box body, a heat recovery mechanism, a gas guide mechanism, an air pump and a motor.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the application, a cylinder is mounted on the inner top wall of the simulation cavity, and a pressurizing plate is connected to the output end of the cylinder.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the application, the movable plate comprises a circular plate, a pair of sealing rings, an extrusion ring and an expansion bag. The circular plate is movably arranged in the heat recovery tank, and a temporary storage cavity is arranged in the circular plate. Lubricating oil is arranged in the temporary storage cavity. The sealing rings are mounted on the outer wall of the circular plate. The extrusion ring is movably arranged in the temporary storage cavity, and a convex ring is fixedly connected to the extrusion ring. The expansion bag is arranged around the outer wall of the circular plate and between the pair of sealing rings. A plurality of capillary holes are arranged on the expansion bag. A plurality of conveying channels are arranged in the circular plate, and the temporary storage cavity and the interior of the expansion bag are connected through the conveying channels.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the application, a supplement pipe is mounted on the lower side of the circular plate, the supplement pipe is connected to the temporary storage cavity, and a first control valve is mounted on the supplement pipe.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the air guide mechanism comprises an air guide pipe, a straight pipe, a variable-diameter pipe and an air return pipe. The air guide pipe is connected to the simulation box body. The straight pipe is connected to one end of the air guide pipe located in the simulation cavity. The variable-diameter pipe comprises an integrated expansion part and a communication part. The expansion part is connected to the air guide pipe. The communication part is provided with a rotating shaft rotatably connected in the communication part. The rotating shaft is connected with a blade and a dehumidification wheel at two ends, respectively. The blade is arranged in the expansion part. The air return pipe is connected to the air guide pipe. The negative pressure cavity is connected with the air guide pipe through the air return pipe. The second control valve is installed on the air guide pipe and the air return pipe.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the test method and device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module can simulate the main stress faced by the module in the actual outdoor operation by introducing temperature-humidity-static mechanical load multi-factor coupling aging, so that the test result is more valuable for predicting long-term bonding reliability. The test method and device combine non-destructive testing with destructive testing, and synchronously collect three signals of force, sound and light during the peeling process, so as to comprehensively analyze the interface performance and failure behavior from three dimensions of macro strength, microscopic acoustic emission events and visual morphology. Through fusion analysis of the multiple signals on the time axis, the specific acoustic events can be accurately corresponded to the physical changes of the interface, so as to deeply reveal the mechanism of the initiation, expansion and final fracture of the failure. The integrated design reduces the human operation links and sample transfer, not only improves the test efficiency, but more importantly, ensures the consistency of the test conditions and the accuracy of the data, and lays a foundation for establishing a standardized advanced test process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0025] Figure 1 The flowchart of the test method for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 The perspective view of the test device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 The partial cross-sectional view of the test device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the air guiding mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat recovery mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the heat recovery mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0034] 1-Simulation chamber body, 101-Simulation cavity, 102-Cylinder, 2-Heat recovery mechanism, 201-Heat recovery tank, 202-Moving plate, 2021-Circular plate, 2022-Sealing ring, 2023-Temporary storage cavity, 2024-Extrusion ring, 2025-Convex ring, 2026-Expansion bag, 2027-Conveying channel, 2028-Supplement pipe, 203-Inspection cover, 2031-Air outlet, 3-Air guiding mechanism, 301-Air guiding pipe, 302-Straight pipe, 303-Reducing pipe, 3031-Extension section, 3032-Connecting section, 304-Rotating shaft, 305-Blade, 306-Dehumidifying wheel, 307-Return air pipe, 4-Air pump, 401-Telescopic hose, 5-Motor, 501-Lead screw, 502-Telescopic sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for testing the bonding strength of EVA film in a TOPCon photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Sample preparation: Cut standard test strips from the laminated TOPCon photovoltaic module. The standard test strips include glass, EVA film, solar cells, EVA film and backsheet.

[0038] S2: Accelerated aging pretreatment: The standard test strip is placed in an environmental simulation box for temperature-humidity-static mechanical load coupling aging treatment;

[0039] S3: Defect positioning: The aged test strip is scanned using infrared thermal imaging technology to identify abnormal heat conduction areas between the EVA film and the adjacent layers caused by interface defects;

[0040] S4: Comprehensive testing: The test strip is placed on a peeling test device for peeling at a constant temperature, and the peeling force data, acoustic emission signals, and optical images of the peeling interface are simultaneously and real-time collected;

[0041] S5: Analysis and evaluation: Based on the synchronous data collected in S4, the bonding strength is calculated, and the acoustic emission signal characteristics and optical images are correlated to determine the failure mode.

[0042] The present application combines multi-stress coupling aging with multi-signal synchronous acquisition and analysis, not only simulating a more realistic service environment, but also achieving full monitoring and correlation analysis from macro strength values to microscopic failure processes, significantly improving the predictability and depth of the test.

[0043] In S2, the specific parameters of the coupling aging treatment are: temperature range of 85°C ± 2°C, relative humidity range of 85% ± 5%, and simultaneously applying a uniform static pressure of 0.5 ± 0.1 standard atmosphere on the surface of the test strip, with a treatment time of 96 to 500 hours. The present application simulates the severe working conditions of the component under static stress such as wind pressure and snow load in high temperature and high humidity environment. This combination of conditions can effectively accelerate the water vapor permeation, hydrolysis aging and interface stress corrosion of EVA, greatly shortening the test period while ensuring the consistency of the aging mechanism with the actual situation.

[0044] In S3, when the aged test strip is scanned by infrared thermal imaging, a preset power and duration of thermal excitation is applied to the test strip, and then the spatio-temporal distribution change of its surface temperature is monitored, and the interface delamination is located by analyzing the conduction difference of heat flow in the interlayer structure. The present application uses an active thermal excitation method, which significantly enhances the sensitivity of infrared detection to small and hidden interface defects. The delamination area has low thermal conductivity due to the air gap, which will show as "hot spots" or "cold spots" in thermal imaging, so that the weak points can be located non-destructively and intuitively before destructive testing, guiding the accurate performance of subsequent peeling tests.

[0045] In S4, the peeling test of the test strip is carried out at a constant temperature of 25℃±1℃, the peeling speed is 50mm / min±5mm / min, and the peeling angle is 180°. The application specifies the standardized test conditions, ensures the repeatability and comparability of test results between different batches and different laboratories, and provides a stable benchmark for product quality control and process comparison.

[0046] In S5, the S5 specifically includes the following steps: accurately matching the energy, frequency and count rate of the acoustic emission event with the fluctuation stage of the peeling force curve, and the interface morphology change recorded in the optical image in time sequence, thereby distinguishing cohesive failure, adhesive failure and their mixed mode. The application associates the micro-mechanical activity of acoustic emission with the macro-mechanical response and visual morphology, realizing the dynamic decoding of the failure mechanism. For example, high-energy acoustic emission events are synchronized with the image of large-area tearing of the interface, which can be confirmed as adhesive failure, thereby providing accurate direction for material improvement.

[0047] In summary, the application simulates the main stress faced by the assembly in outdoor actual operation by introducing temperature-humidity-static mechanical load multi-factor coupling aging, so that the test results are more valuable for predicting long-term bonding reliability. The application combines non-destructive testing and destructive testing, and synchronously collects force, sound and optical signals during peeling, which can comprehensively analyze the interface performance and failure behavior from three dimensions of macro strength, micro acoustic emission event and visual morphology. Through the fusion analysis of multiple signals on the time axis, specific acoustic events can be accurately corresponded to the physical changes occurring at the interface, thereby deeply revealing the mechanism of failure initiation, expansion and final fracture.

[0048] As Figures 2 to 8As shown, the test equipment for testing the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the application comprises an environment simulation box, and the environment simulation box comprises a simulation box body 1, a heat recovery mechanism 2, a gas guide mechanism 3, an air pump 4 and a motor 5. The simulation box body 1 is provided with a simulation cavity 101. The heat recovery mechanism 2 comprises a heat recovery tank 201, a movable plate 202 and an inspection cover 203. The heat recovery tank 201 is installed on the outer wall of the simulation box body 1. The movable plate 202 is movably installed in the heat recovery tank 201. The movable plate 202 and the inner wall of the heat recovery tank 201 form a negative pressure cavity. The inspection cover 203 is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the heat recovery tank 201. The inspection cover 203 is provided with an air outlet 2031. The gas guide mechanism 3 is installed on the simulation box body 1. The simulation cavity 101 is connected to the negative pressure cavity through the gas guide mechanism 3. The air pump 4 is installed in the heat recovery tank 201. The air pump 4 is connected with an extension hose 401. One end of the extension hose 401 penetrates through the movable plate 202 and is arranged in the negative pressure cavity. The extension hose 401 is provided with a check valve. The motor 5 is installed on the outer top wall of the heat recovery tank 201. The output end of the motor 5 is connected with a lead screw 501. The lead screw 501 is rotatably connected in the heat recovery tank 201 and is threadedly connected with the movable plate 202.

[0049] The simulation cavity 101 is used for placing a standard test strip to simulate the test environment of the standard test strip. The movable plate 202 can be moved in the heat recovery tank 201, so that the internal space of the negative pressure cavity can be freely changed to extract the hot air in the simulation cavity 101 or to press the hot air in the negative pressure cavity into the simulation cavity 101. The hot air in the simulation cavity 101 can enter the negative pressure cavity through the gas guide mechanism 3 to quickly collect the heat in the simulation cavity 101, so that the hot air can be reused in the subsequent process, and the waste of heat energy resources is avoided. When the air pump 4 is running, the air pump 4 can extract the gas in the negative pressure cavity to form a vacuum state in the negative pressure cavity. The extracted gas is discharged through the air outlet 2031. When the motor 5 is running, the lead screw 501 rotates. The movable plate 202 can be moved in the heat recovery tank 201 through the threaded connection between the lead screw 501 and the movable plate 202 to flexibly change the volume of the negative pressure cavity, so that the hot air can be easily sucked in and discharged.

[0050] After the standard test strip in the simulation chamber 101 has been tested, the heat in the simulation chamber 101 can be recovered. During heat recovery, since the negative pressure chamber is in a negative pressure state, the hot air in the simulation chamber 101 can quickly enter the negative pressure chamber through the air guiding mechanism 3 to realize the recovery of thermal energy resources. When the thermal energy resources need to be reused later, the motor 5 is controlled to rotate the lead screw 501. Since the lead screw 501 is threadedly connected to the movable plate 202, the movable plate 202 can rise in the heat recovery tank 201 under the action of the thread, thereby compressing the space of the negative pressure chamber, so that the hot air in the negative pressure chamber can flow back into the simulation chamber 101 through the air guiding mechanism 3. When it is necessary to make the negative pressure chamber return to a negative pressure state, the motor 5 is run again, causing the movable plate 202 to move down in the heat recovery tank 201. Since the space of the negative pressure chamber increases, the negative pressure chamber can also form a negative pressure state. At the same time, the vacuum pump 4 can also be run to extract the gas in the vacuum pump 4 to ensure the negative pressure state of the vacuum pump 4.

[0051] Preferably, a pressure sensor is installed inside the negative pressure chamber to monitor the air pressure in the negative pressure chamber, so that the air pressure in the negative pressure chamber can be controlled by the air pump 4.

[0052] In this embodiment, the heat recovery tank 201 is made of heat-insulating material to prevent the loss of heat energy resources in the negative pressure chamber.

[0053] The flexible hose 401 ensures that the vertical movement of the movable plate 202 is not affected.

[0054] In addition, a telescopic sleeve 502 is provided between the movable plate 202 and the inner wall of the negative pressure chamber. The telescopic sleeve 502 wraps around the lead screw 501 to prevent hot air in the negative pressure chamber from leaking through the gap between the lead screw 501 and the movable plate 202.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, a cylinder 102 is installed on the top wall of the simulation chamber 101, and a pressure plate is connected to the output end of the cylinder 102. Through the precisely adjustable pressure plate, the "static mechanical load" factor is accurately applied, so that the test conditions can truly reflect the continuous stress that the component is subjected to outdoors.

[0056] like Figures 2 to 8As shown, the movable plate 202 comprises a circular plate 2021, a pair of sealing rings 2022, a pressing ring 2024 and an expansion bag 2026. The circular plate 2021 is movably arranged in the heat recovery tank 201, and the circular plate 2021 is internally provided with a temporary storage cavity 2023 in which lubricating oil is stored. The sealing rings 2022 are mounted on the circumferential outer wall of the circular plate 2021. The pressing ring 2024 is movably arranged in the temporary storage cavity 2023, and the pressing ring 2024 is fixedly connected with a convex ring 2025. The expansion bag 2026 is arranged around the circumferential outer wall of the circular plate 2021 and between the pair of sealing rings 2022, and the expansion bag 2026 is provided with a plurality of capillary holes. The circular plate 2021 is internally provided with a plurality of conveying channels 2027, and the temporary storage cavity 2023 is connected with the inside of the expansion bag 2026 through the conveying channels 2027.

[0057] By lifting and lowering the circular plate 2021 in the heat recovery tank 201, the volume of the negative pressure cavity can be flexibly changed to realize the extraction and discharge of hot gas. When the circular plate 2021 is lowered in the heat recovery tank 201, the volume of the negative pressure cavity becomes larger, so that the negative pressure cavity can form a negative pressure state to extract the hot gas in the simulation cavity 101. When the circular plate 2021 is raised in the heat recovery tank 201, the volume of the negative pressure cavity becomes smaller, so that the hot gas in the negative pressure cavity can be discharged to realize the repeated utilization of the heat energy resource. By arranging the sealing rings 2022, the sealing effect between the circular plate 2021 and the inner wall of the heat recovery tank 201 can be improved to avoid the leakage of hot gas through the gap between the circular plate 2021 and the inner wall of the heat recovery tank 201 when the circular plate 2021 moves up and down in the heat recovery tank 201.

[0058] When the circular plate 2021 is raised in the heat recovery tank 201, the volume of the negative pressure cavity becomes smaller, and the negative pressure cavity stores hot gas, so that the negative pressure cavity is in a high pressure state. Part of the gas in the negative pressure cavity will press the convex ring 2025, the convex ring 2025 will press the pressing ring 2024, and the lubricating oil in the temporary storage cavity 2023 will enter the inside of the expansion bag 2026 through the conveying channels 2027. Since the expansion bag 2026 is provided with capillary holes, the capillary holes have a larger diameter, and at this time, the lubricating oil in the expansion bag 2026 is sprayed to the inner wall of the heat recovery tank 201 through the capillary holes to improve the lubricating effect when the sealing rings 2022 slide and avoid excessive wear of the sealing rings 2022. Meanwhile, the lubricating oil can also play a sealing role to avoid the leakage of hot gas in the negative pressure cavity.

[0059] The lower side of the circular plate 2021 is mounted with a supplement pipe 2028, the supplement pipe 2028 is connected with the temporary storage cavity 2023, and the supplement pipe 2028 is mounted with a first control valve. When the first control valve is opened, the supplement pipe 2028 can supplement lubricating oil into the temporary storage cavity 2023.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 2, the movable plate 202 is arranged in the heat recovery tank 201, and the movable plate 202 is provided with a plurality of movable plates 2021. The movable plates 2021 are arranged in the heat recovery tank 201 in a staggered manner, and the movable plates 2021 are arranged in the heat recovery tank 201 in a staggered manner. Figures 2 to 8As shown, the air guide mechanism 3 comprises an air guide pipe 301, a straight pipe 302, a variable-diameter pipe 303 and a return air pipe 307. The air guide pipe 301 is connected to the simulation box body 1. The straight pipe 302 is connected to one end of the air guide pipe 301 located in the simulation cavity 101. The variable-diameter pipe 303 comprises an integral extension 3031 and a communication part 3032. The extension 3031 is connected to the air guide pipe 301. The communication part 3032 is provided in the negative pressure cavity. A rotating shaft 304 is rotatably connected in the communication part 3032. The rotating shaft 304 is connected with a blade 305 and a dehumidifying wheel 306 at two ends respectively. The blade 305 is provided in the extension 3031. The return air pipe 307 is connected to the air guide pipe 301. The negative pressure cavity is connected with the air guide pipe 301 through the return air pipe 307. The second control valve is installed on the air guide pipe 301 and the return air pipe 307.

[0061] When the second control valve on the air guide pipe 301 is opened, the hot air in the simulation cavity 101 flows into the negative pressure cavity through the air guide pipe 301, the extension 3031 and the communication part 3032. The hot air flowing in the extension 3031 will impact the blade 305. The blade 305 drives the rotating shaft 304 and the dehumidifying wheel 306 to rotate. The dehumidifying wheel 306 rotates to capture the moisture in the hot air. When the second control valve on the return air pipe 307 is opened, the hot air in the negative pressure cavity flows back to the simulation cavity 101 through the return air pipe 307 for repeated utilization.

[0062] In summary, through the arrangement of the heat recovery mechanism 2, the test heat in the simulation cavity 101 can be recycled, the loss and waste of heat energy resources are effectively avoided, the overall environmental protection test effect is improved, and the test cost is reduced to a certain extent.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can adopt a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can adopt a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media containing computer usable program codes (including but not limited to disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory, etc.).

[0064] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, device (system) and computer program product according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a machine that implements the functions described in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams.Figure One one or more processes and / or blocks Figure One means for performing the function specified by the block or blocks.

[0065] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the Figure One one or more processes and / or blocks Figure One means for performing the function specified by the block or blocks.

[0066] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the Figure One one or more processes and / or blocks Figure One means for performing the function specified by the block or blocks.

[0067] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and that the present disclosure can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the disclosure. The present disclosure is therefore considered to extend to any and all such forms, and it is to be understood that such forms fall within the purview of the now-or-later claimed disclosure. It is to be understood that any reference to or on a section or figure of a claim is to be construed in the context of the claim to which that section or figure is attached, and is not to be taken as limiting the claim to which it is attached.

[0068] Furthermore, it should be appreciated that a single independent technical solution is not necessarily contained in each embodiment, and the description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and the skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by the skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for testing the bonding strength of EVA glue film of a TOPCon photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: sample preparation: cutting a standard test strip from a laminated TOPCon photovoltaic module, the standard test strip comprising glass, EVA adhesive film, a cell, EVA adhesive film and a back plate; S2: accelerated aging pretreatment: placing the standard test strip in an environmental simulation box for temperature-humidity-static mechanical load coupling aging treatment; S3: defect positioning: scanning the aged test strip using infrared thermal imaging technology to identify abnormal heat conduction areas between the EVA adhesive film and the adjacent layers caused by interface defects; S4: comprehensive testing: placing the test strip on a peeling test device, peeling at a constant temperature, and simultaneously and real-time collecting peeling force data, acoustic emission signals and optical images of the peeling interface; S5: analysis and evaluation: based on the synchronous data collected in S4, calculating the bonding strength, and correlating the acoustic emission signal characteristics with the optical images to determine the failure mode.

2. The method for testing the bonding strength of EVA adhesive film of TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the specific parameters of the coupling aging treatment are: temperature range of 85℃±2℃, relative humidity range of 85%±5%, and at the same time, a uniform static pressure of 0.5±0.1 standard atmosphere is applied to the surface of the test strip, and the treatment time is 96 to 500 hours. 3.The method for testing the bonding strength of EVA adhesive film of TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, when the infrared thermal imaging scanning of the aged test strip is performed, a preset power and duration of thermal excitation is applied to the test strip, and then the spatio-temporal distribution change of its surface temperature is monitored, and the interface delamination is located by analyzing the conduction difference of heat flow in the interlayer structure. 4.The method for testing the bonding strength of EVA adhesive film of TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the peeling test of the test strip is carried out in a constant temperature environment of 25℃±1℃, the peeling speed is 50mm / min±5mm / min, and the peeling angle is 180°. 5.The method for testing the bonding strength of EVA adhesive film of TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, S5 specifically comprises the following steps: accurately matching the energy, frequency and count rate of the acoustic emission event with the fluctuation stage of the peeling force curve, and the interface topography change recorded in the optical image in time sequence, thereby distinguishing between cohesive failure, adhesive failure and their mixed mode.

6. A testing device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module, applied to the testing method of any one of claims 1-5, comprising an environmental simulation box, characterized in that, The environmental simulation box comprises: a simulation box body, a simulation cavity is arranged in the simulation box body; a heat recovery mechanism, comprising a heat recovery tank, a movable plate and an inspection cover, the heat recovery tank is installed on the outer wall of the simulation box body, the movable plate is movably installed in the heat recovery tank, a negative pressure cavity is formed between the movable plate and the inner wall of the heat recovery tank, the inspection cover is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the heat recovery tank, and a gas outlet is arranged on the inspection cover; a gas guide mechanism installed on the simulation box body, the simulation cavity is connected in communication with the negative pressure cavity through the gas guide mechanism; a suction pump installed in the heat recovery tank, a telescopic hose is connected to the suction pump, one end of the telescopic hose penetrates through the movable plate and is arranged in the negative pressure cavity, and a check valve is installed on the telescopic hose; an electric motor installed on the outer top wall of the heat recovery tank, a lead screw is connected to the output end of the electric motor, the lead screw is rotatably connected in the heat recovery tank and is threadedly connected with the movable plate.

7. The testing device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, A gas cylinder is installed on the inner top wall of the simulation cavity, and a pressurizing plate is connected to the output end of the gas cylinder. 8.The testing device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein, The movable plate comprises: A circular plate is movably arranged in the heat recovery tank, a temporary storage cavity is arranged in the circular plate, and lubricating oil is arranged in the temporary storage cavity; A pair of sealing rings are mounted on the outer wall of the circular plate; An extrusion ring is movably arranged in the temporary storage cavity, and a convex ring is fixedly connected to the extrusion ring; An expansion bag is arranged around the outer wall of the circular plate and between the pair of sealing rings, a plurality of capillary holes are arranged on the expansion bag, a plurality of conveying channels are arranged in the circular plate, and the temporary storage cavity is connected with the inside of the expansion bag through the conveying channels. 9.The testing device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 8, wherein, A supplement pipe is mounted on the lower side of the circular plate, the supplement pipe is connected with the temporary storage cavity, and a first control valve is mounted on the supplement pipe.

10. The testing device for the EVA adhesive strength of a TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air guide mechanism comprises: An air guide pipe is connected to the simulation box body; A straight pipe is connected to one end of the air guide pipe in the simulation cavity; A variable-diameter pipe comprises an integrated expansion part and a communication part, the expansion part is connected to the air guide pipe, one end of the communication part is arranged in the negative pressure cavity, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the communication part, blades and dehumidifying wheels are respectively connected to two ends of the rotating shaft, and the blades are arranged in the expansion part; A return air pipe is connected to the air guide pipe, the negative pressure cavity is connected with the air guide pipe through the return air pipe, and a second control valve is mounted on the air guide pipe and the return air pipe.

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