Electric switching device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric switching device which comprises an electromagnetic system, at least one phase of main line conductor and a trigger switch and has a first state and a second state. When the trigger switch is in the first state and the second state, the current directions of one of the coils are just opposite; when the trigger switch is in a first state, the electromagnetic system is in a pull-in action, and the coil I and the coil II are electrified to enable the armature and the magnet yoke to generate attracted electromagnetic force, so that the armature overcomes the reset spring to move to a closing position; when the trigger switch is in a second state, the current direction of one coil is changed, the electromagnetic system is in a release action, the coil I and the coil II are electrified to enable the armature and the magnet yoke to generate repulsive electromagnetic force, and the armature restores to an opening position under the combined action of the repulsive electromagnetic force and the reset spring; when the operating mechanism is in a closed state, the trigger switch is in a first state; when the operating mechanism is in an opening state, the trigger switch is in a second state; the device has the characteristics of simple structure and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the electrical field, specifically to an electrical switching device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, circuit breakers have overload protection and short-circuit protection functions and are often used as protective switches. Because the operating mechanism of a circuit breaker is relatively complex, it often requires an energy storage structure, and the operating mechanism directly drives the moving contacts. Therefore, the mechanical life of a circuit breaker is limited by its operating mechanism and cannot be made very large. The theoretical mechanical life is generally between 10,000 and 30,000 cycles.

[0003] With the continuous development of new energy and energy storage, switches with longer mechanical lifespans are needed in certain environments, but current circuit breakers clearly cannot meet this requirement. Therefore, how to develop a switch with a longer mechanical lifespan is a question worth considering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide an electrical switching device.

[0005] This application provides: an electrical switch, comprising, The electromagnetic system includes coil one, coil two, armature, magnetic yoke, and return spring; the armature is movable and has a closed position and an open position; coil one is set to move synchronously with the armature, while coil two and magnetic yoke are both statically set on one side of the armature; the return spring is used to provide bias force for the armature to move towards the open position; At least one phase of the main line conductor, each phase of the main line conductor includes at least one moving and stationary contact, all moving contacts are set to move synchronously with the armature, the moving and stationary contacts are in contact when the armature is in the closed position, and the moving and stationary contacts are separated when the armature is in the open position; The trigger switch has two states: State 1 and State 2. When the trigger switch is in State 1 and State 2, the current direction of one of the coils is exactly opposite. When the trigger switch is in State 1, the electromagnetic system is in an engaging action. Coil 1 and Coil 2 are energized, causing the armature to move to the closed position against the return spring due to the attraction between the armature and the yoke. When the trigger switch is in State 2, the electromagnetic system is in a releasing action due to the change in the current direction of one of the coils. Coil 1 and Coil 2 are energized, causing the armature to move to the open position against the repulsive electromagnetic force. The armature returns to the open position under the combined action of the repulsive electromagnetic force and the return spring. The operating mechanism has a closed state and an open state; the trigger switch is driven by the operating mechanism and switches between state one and state two; when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the trigger switch is in state one; when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the trigger switch is in state two.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the armature is slidably disposed; it also includes a linkage rod and a magnetic bridge; the first end of the linkage rod is fixed to the armature and moves synchronously with the armature; the magnetic yoke has a clearance area, and the second end of the linkage rod corresponds to the clearance area; the magnetic bridge is slidably disposed on the linkage rod, and the magnetic bridge is located between the magnetic yoke and the armature; the linkage rod has a limiting structure, and the limiting structure is located between the magnetic bridge and the second end of the linkage rod; when the armature is in the open position, the magnetic bridge abuts against the limiting structure, and the distance between the magnetic bridge and the armature is greater than the distance between the magnetic bridge and the magnetic yoke; during the attraction action of the electromagnetic system, the magnetic bridge contacts the magnetic yoke before the armature, and after contact, the second end of the linkage rod and the limiting structure are both within the clearance area.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, a return spring is also included, which abuts against the armature and the magnetic bridge; when the armature is in the open position, the magnetic bridge is resisted by the return spring and the limiting structure; when the electromagnetic system is engaged, the return spring gradually deforms as the magnetic bridge contacts the magnetic yoke; when the electromagnetic system is released, the return spring gradually recovers its deformation as the magnetic bridge and the magnetic yoke gradually separate.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the operating mechanism includes a handle, which switches between a closed state and an open state by rotation; a trigger switch is disposed in the rotation trajectory of the handle, and the trigger switch is a mechanical trigger switch or an electronic trigger switch; there are two states, one in which the handle triggers the trigger switch and the other in which the handle does not trigger the trigger switch.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the operating mechanism further includes a first elastic energy storage structure, which is connected to the handle. The first elastic energy storage structure has a critical state, which is during the transition between the closed and open states of the operating mechanism. When the first elastic energy storage structure is in the critical state, its deformation is the largest. During the transition from the closed / open state to the open / close state of the handle, the first elastic energy storage structure transitions to the critical state. After passing the critical state, the first elastic energy storage structure releases energy, causing the handle to quickly reach the open / close state.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, a housing is also included, with the operating mechanism directly or indirectly mounted on the housing. An arc-extinguishing space is also provided inside the housing, with moving and stationary contacts disposed within it, and an arc-extinguishing chamber within the arc-extinguishing space. A pneumatic actuator is also included, rotatably or slidably mounted to the housing. The handle has a mating part corresponding to one end of the pneumatic actuator, and the pneumatic actuator portion is located within the arc-extinguishing space. The pneumatic actuator has a reset position and an actuation position. When the air pressure within the arc-extinguishing space increases, the air pressure pushes the pneumatic actuator from the reset position to the actuation position and pushes the mating part, causing the handle to change to the open state. When the handle changes to the closed state, the mating part pushes the pneumatic actuator back to the reset position.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, a housing is also included, with the operating mechanism directly or indirectly mounted on the housing. An arc-extinguishing space is also provided inside the housing, with moving and stationary contacts disposed within it, and an arc-extinguishing chamber within the arc-extinguishing space. The system also includes a pneumatic striking lever and a striking lever spring that are rotatably or slidably mounted with the housing. The handle has a mating part corresponding to one end of the pneumatic striking lever, and the pneumatic striking lever portion is located within the arc-extinguishing space. The pneumatic striking lever has a reset position and an actuation position. The striking lever spring is connected to the pneumatic striking lever, providing a force for the pneumatic striking lever to move towards the reset position. When the air pressure within the arc-extinguishing space increases, the air pressure pushes the pneumatic striking lever from the reset position to the actuation position and pushes the mating part, causing the handle to change to the open state, and the striking lever spring to deform.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the operating mechanism includes a latch, a trip latch, and a trip latch spring; both the latch and the trip latch are movably configured; the trip latch has a tripping drive part, a locking driven part, and a first locking part; the latch has a second locking part and a first driven part; the handle has a tripping driven part and a locking drive part; one end of the trip latch spring is statically configured, and the other end is connected to the trip latch; the trip latch has a locked state and an unlocked state; when the trip latch is in the locked state, the first locking part and the second locking part are engaged, and the trip latch spring is in a deformed state; when the first locking part and the second locking part are disengaged... The trip spring drives the trip latch to the unlocked state. During the unlocking process, the tripping drive unit pushes the tripping driven part to move, causing the handle to rotate to the open state. When the trip latch is in the unlocked state, during the rotation of the handle to the closed state, the locking drive unit pushes the locking driven part to move, causing the first locking part and the second locking part to re-establish contact. Each phase main circuit conductor includes an electromagnetic trip unit and / or a thermal trip unit. The electromagnetic trip unit and / or the thermal trip unit are actuated when there is an overcurrent in the main line, pushing the first driven part to move, thereby releasing the contact between the first locking part and the second locking part.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, a positioning post is also included, with the trip latch rotatably arranged around the positioning post, and the rotation center of the trip latch being the same as the rotation center of the handle; the locking latch is rotatably arranged, with the rotation center of the locking latch being parallel to the rotation center of the trip latch; the positioning post has a first helical surface, and the handle has a second helical surface adapted to the first helical surface. During the process of the handle changing to the closed state, the first helical surface contacts the second helical surface, causing the handle to slide away from the trip latch along the axial direction of its rotation center; a handle spring is also included, with one end of the handle abutting against the handle and the other end being statically arranged. The handle spring provides the handle with a force that slides towards the trip latch along the axial direction of its rotation center; when the trip latch is in the unlocked state, during the process of the handle rotating to the closed state, the movement trajectory of the locking drive part intersects with the locking driven part; after the handle is in the closed state, the movement trajectories of the locking drive part and the locking driven part do not intersect, the movement trajectory of the opening drive part intersects with the opening driven part, and there is no interference in the direction of the handle rotating to the opening state.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the winding directions of coil one and coil two are the same; when the trigger switch is in state one, the current directions of coil one and coil two are the same, and the magnetic yoke and armature generate an attractive electromagnetic force; when the trigger switch is in state two, the current directions of coil one and coil two are different, and the magnetic yoke and armature generate a repulsive electromagnetic force.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the winding directions of coil one and coil two are opposite; when the trigger switch is in state one, the current directions of coil one and coil two are opposite, and the magnetic yoke and armature generate an attractive electromagnetic force; when the trigger switch is in state two, the current directions of coil one and coil two are the same, and the magnetic yoke and armature generate a repulsive electromagnetic force.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the trigger switch is a DPDT switching device; the DPDT switching device has two independently controlled branches, each of which is electrically connected to one of the coils. By changing the state of the DPDT switching device, the two different branches are connected, thereby changing the direction of the coil current.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the trigger switch is two synchronously switching SPDT switching devices; the two SPDT switching devices together form two independently controlled branches and are electrically connected to one of the coils. By changing the state of the two SPDT switching devices, the two different branches are connected, thereby changing the direction of the coil current.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, a control circuit is also included, which includes a processor and an H-bridge circuit; a trigger switch is electrically connected to the processor and is used to feed back different signals to the processor in state one and state two respectively; the H-bridge circuit is electrically connected to the processor and to one of the coils; the processor changes the conduction state of the H-bridge circuit according to the different state signals fed back by the trigger switch, so as to change the current direction of the coil.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, a control circuit is also included, which includes an H-bridge circuit; one of the coils is electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, and the trigger switch directly feeds a signal to the H-bridge circuit; the H-bridge circuit changes the conduction state of the H-bridge circuit according to different state signals fed back by the trigger switch, so as to change the current direction of the coil.

[0020] The advantages of this application compared to the prior art are: First, the moving contact of this application relies on an electromagnetic system to achieve connection and disconnection, rather than relying on an operating mechanism as in the prior art. Such an electromagnetic system has a simpler structure and a theoretical mechanical life of 100,000 cycles or even higher.

[0021] Secondly, the operating mechanism changes the state of the trigger switch to change the engagement and disengagement of the electromagnetic system. This allows the user to control the opening and closing state of the switch device through the operating mechanism.

[0022] Finally, since the operating mechanism here only needs to control the trigger state of the trigger switch, and does not need to directly drive the moving contact, the structure of the operating mechanism can be set to be simpler, and the mechanical life can be designed to be longer. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 An exploded view of an electrical switching device according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal components of the switching device in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figures 3A-3C The diagrams show the handle in the open state, critical state, and closed state according to the embodiments of this application. Figures 4A-4BThe following diagrams illustrate State 1 and State 2 of the present application embodiment, where the trigger switch acts as the carrier coil energizer current. Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a control circuit according to another embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 6 A circuit diagram of a control circuit according to another embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the handle according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the jump buckle according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the latch according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 10 A partial schematic diagram of the handle, trip latch, and lock latch is shown when the operating mechanism of this application is in the open state. Figure 11 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the handle, trip latch, and latch when the operating mechanism of this embodiment is in the open state. Figure 12 A partial schematic diagram of the handle, trip latch, and lock latch is shown when the operating mechanism of this application is in the closed state. Figure 13 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the handle, trip latch, and lock latch when the operating mechanism of this embodiment is in the closed state. Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the jumper mounting location in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the handle and the jumper mounting location in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the pneumatic lever according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 17 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the pneumatic lever mechanism for tripping the circuit breaker according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the latch, electromagnetic trip unit, and thermal trip unit according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 19 A cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic system according to an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the stationary contact and its related structures according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation Example

[0025] like Figures 1-20 As shown, an embodiment of this application is an electrical switch, including a housing, an operating mechanism 200, a main line conductor 300, an electromagnetic system 400, an arc-extinguishing chamber 500, a circuit board assembly 600, a trigger switch 610, etc.

[0026] The housing includes a base 110, a middle cover 120, and a top cover 130. The middle cover 120 is fixed above the base 110, together forming a space to accommodate the main circuit conductor 300, the electromagnetic system 400, the arc-extinguishing chamber 500, and the circuit board assembly 600. The top cover 130 is fixed above the middle cover 120, forming a space to accommodate the operating mechanism 200.

[0027] The electromagnetic system 400 includes a first coil 410, a first frame 420, a second coil 430, a second frame 440, an armature 450, and a yoke 460. The yoke 460 is mounted on the base 110, the second coil 430 is fitted onto the second frame 440, and the second frame 440 is fitted onto the yoke 460. Since the yoke 460 and the second coil 430 are stationary, they can also be described as statically configured.

[0028] The armature 450 is movable and is located on one side of the yoke 460. The armature 450 has two positions: an open position and a closed position. The coil 410 is configured to move synchronously with the armature 450. Specifically, the coil 410 is mounted on the frame 420, which in turn is mounted on the armature 450. The frame 420 and the armature 450 move synchronously, so when the armature 450 moves, the coil 410 also moves accordingly.

[0029] The reset spring 470 provides a biasing force to the armature 450 to move towards the open position. Here, both coil 410 and coil 430 generate magnetic fields when energized. The directions of these magnetic fields are not constant but change according to the direction of the current. Therefore, the electromagnetic forces on the armature 450 and yoke 460 also change depending on the direction of the coil energization. Only when the electromagnetic forces attracting the armature 450 and yoke 460 are greater than the reaction force of the reset spring 470 will the armature 450 move to the closed position. Conversely, when the electromagnetic forces repelling the armature 450 and yoke 460 are combined with the reaction force of the reset spring 470, the armature 450 will quickly move to the open position.

[0030] There are two main ways in which the armature 450 is movable: one is a rotational setting, and the other is a sliding setting. In this embodiment, the armature 450 is slidably set.

[0031] The main line conductor 300 is the conductor through which the switch connects to the line containing the load, and it is also the main component used to control the on / off state of the line containing the load. In this embodiment, there are three sets of main line conductors 300, that is, three-phase conductors, each connected to one of the three live wires in the three-phase power supply. Of course, in addition, for example, when applied in a DC situation, two sets of main line conductors 300 can also be used. Alternatively, a four-set structure can be used, each connected to one of the three live wires and one neutral (N) wire in the three-phase power supply.

[0032] Each phase of the main line conductor 300 includes two terminals, a moving contact 310, and a stationary contact 320. The two terminals are used to connect the switch to the circuit where the load is located. Thus, the corresponding line is connected by closing the moving contact 310 and the stationary contact 320, and the corresponding line is disconnected by separating the moving contact 310 and the stationary contact 320. Here, the moving contact 310 moves with the armature 450, that is, one armature 450 drives the movement of multiple phase moving contacts 310. When the armature 450 moves to the closed position, the moving contact 310 and the stationary contact 320 are in contact; when the armature 450 moves to the open position, the moving contact 310 and the stationary contact 320 are separated.

[0033] Here, the moving contact 310 mainly achieves synchronous movement with the armature 450 through the contact support 330. The contact support 330 is fixedly connected to the armature 450, and the moving contact 310 is mounted on the contact support 330, thus enabling it to move with the armature 450. A contact spring 340 is also provided between the moving contact 310 and the contact support 330. The contact spring 340 can be compressed when the moving and stationary contacts 320 make contact, providing contact pressure for the contact between the moving contact 310 and the stationary contact 320 and improving contact stability.

[0034] Here, each main line conductor 300 can have one or two stationary contacts 320, and one moving contact 310. A single stationary contact 320 and a single moving contact 310 form a single-break structure, while two stationary contacts 320 and one moving contact 310 can form a double-break structure. In this embodiment, a double-break structure is used, meaning that each phase main line conductor 300 has a double-break structure (there are two breaks during breaking), which is more conducive to improving the breaking capacity of each phase.

[0035] The circuit board assembly 600 includes a control circuit, which is used to control the power supply status of coil 1 410 and coil 2 430.

[0036] Coil 2 430 is controlled to be powered on and off by a control circuit (this type of coil is a common technique in the field (e.g., in electromagnetic contactors), so it will not be described in detail here). Coil 1 410 is powered off, powered on in the first direction I1, and powered on in the second direction I2 by a control circuit.

[0037] This switching between energizing the first direction I1 and the second direction I2 is achieved by the control circuit changing the trigger state of the trigger switch 610.

[0038] The trigger switch 610 has two states: state one (S1) and state two (S2).

[0039] In state S1, the current direction of the controlled coil 410 is the first direction I1. At this time, the magnetic field generated by coil 410 and coil 430 can cause the armature 450 and the yoke 460 to generate an attractive electromagnetic force (essentially, the electromagnets formed by coil 410 and armature 450 and coil 430 and yoke 460 have the same magnetic pole arrangement, and the adjacent magnetic poles are opposite. According to the principle of opposite poles attracting, it is equivalent to generating an attractive electromagnetic force), and the armature 450 moves to the closed position.

[0040] In state two (S2), the current direction of the controlled coil 410 is the second direction I2. At this time, the magnetic field generated by coil 410 and coil 430 can cause the armature 450 and the yoke 460 to generate a repulsive electromagnetic force (essentially, the electromagnets formed by coil 410 and armature 450 and coil 430 and yoke 460 have opposite magnetic pole arrangements, and their adjacent magnetic poles are of the same polarity. According to the principle of like poles repelling, this is equivalent to generating a repulsive electromagnetic force). Combined with the reaction force of the reset spring 470, the armature 450 moves to the open position.

[0041] Of course, the current direction relationship between coil 410 and coil 430 can also be divided into the following cases depending on the winding method of the coils: When coil 1 (410) and coil 2 (430) are wound in the same direction, the current direction of coil 2 (430) is always in the first direction I1. Therefore, when current in the first direction I1 flows through coil 1 (410), the two coils can generate an attractive electromagnetic force between the armature 450 and the yoke 460. When current in the second direction I2 flows through coil 1 (410), the armature 450 and the yoke 460 can generate a repulsive electromagnetic force.

[0042] When coil 1 (410) and coil 2 (430) are wound in different directions, the current direction of coil 2 (430) is always the second direction I2. Therefore, when a current in the first direction I1 is passed through coil 1 (410), an attractive electromagnetic force is generated between the armature 450 and the yoke 460. When a current in the second direction I2 is passed through coil 1 (410), a repulsive electromagnetic force is generated between the armature 450 and the yoke 460.

[0043] There are many ways to change the current direction of coil 410 using trigger switch 610. One method is to use trigger switch 610 as a current-carrying switch (coil energizing current) for direct commutation. For example, trigger switch 610 can be a DPDT switching device (double-pole double-throw switch, specifically relay type and micro switch type, both of which can achieve double-pole double-throw effect) or two synchronously moving SPDT switching devices (single-pole double-throw, specifically relay type and micro switch type, both of which can achieve single-pole double-throw effect). Another method is to use trigger switch 610 as a direct or indirect source of trigger signal for H-bridge circuit, using H-bridge circuit to change the circuit based on different trigger signals.

[0044] Taking a switch that directly commutates current (coil current) as an example, the control circuit includes a power supply and a DPDT switching device (trigger switch 610). The power supply supplies power to coil 410, and the DPDT switching device changes the current direction. The basic circuit configuration is as follows: the DPDT switching device includes one set of normally open and normally closed contacts (COM1, NC1, and NO1) and another set of normally open and normally closed contacts (COM2, NC2, and NO2). COM1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and COM2 is connected to the negative terminal. Coil 410 includes L1 and L2. NC1 is connected to L1, NC2 is connected to L2, NO1 is connected to L2, and NO2 is connected to L1. When the normally open contact of the DPDT is in contact (state S1 of trigger switch 610), the current flows from L2 to L1 of coil 410, which is the first direction I1. When the normally closed contact of the DPDT is in contact (state S2 of trigger switch 610), the current flows from L1 to L2 of coil 410, which is the second direction I2. Here, the power supply uses a power circuit that draws power from the load circuit; alternatively, a battery can also be used. This description only illustrates the most basic structure of this circuit; in practice, components such as current-limiting resistors and unidirectional diodes can also be added.

[0045] In another approach, the trigger switch 610 consists of two synchronously moving SPDT switching devices, and its circuit configuration is basically the same as that of the DPDT switching device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0046] This method, which uses DPDT or SPDT switching devices to directly carry current, has the simplest circuit structure and is beneficial for cost control.

[0047] Taking the trigger switch 610 as the direct source of the trigger signal for the H-bridge circuit as an example, the control circuit includes a power supply and an H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit includes transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Coil 410 includes L1 and L2. Transistors Q1 and Q3 form the upper bridge arm, and transistors Q2 and Q4 form the lower bridge arm. The two ends of coil 410 are connected to the midpoints of the upper and lower bridge arms. The trigger switch 610 is an SPDT switching device, including COM, NC, and NO. COM is connected to the signal source 620, NC is connected to the base of transistors Q1 and Q4, and NO is connected to the base of transistors Q2 and Q3. When the NO of the SPDT is in contact (state S1 of trigger switch 610), transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned on, and current flows from L2 to L1 of coil 410, which is the first direction I1. When the NC of SPDT is engaged (state S2 of trigger switch 610), transistors Q1 and Q4 are turned on, and current flows from L1 to L2 of coil 410, which is the second direction I2.

[0048] There are many options for the signal source 620. The actual choice depends on the specific type of transistor. As long as it can control the conduction of the transistor, it is acceptable. For example, if it is an NPN transistor, the signal source 620 can be VCC or the power supply.

[0049] Here, the power supply uses a power circuit that draws power from the load circuit; alternatively, a battery can also be used.

[0050] Here, in addition to using a mechanical trigger switch 610, such as an SPDT switching device, to give different signals to the H-bridge circuit, electronic switches can also be used to give different signals to the H-bridge circuit, such as photoelectric induction switches, Hall effect components, and other induction switches that can change state.

[0051] This section only describes the most basic structure of this circuit. In reality, components such as current-limiting resistors and unidirectional diodes can also be added to the circuit.

[0052] In addition to transistors, the H-bridge circuit described above can also be formed using MOSFETs, with a similar circuit structure, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] This method of using an H-bridge circuit and a trigger switch 610 to achieve current commutation, although relatively complex in structure, results in an extremely stable circuit structure that improves product stability.

[0054] As another method for commutation between the H-bridge circuit and trigger switch 610, the control circuit includes a power supply, a processor U, and the H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit includes transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Coil 410 includes L1 and L2. Transistors Q1 and Q3 form the upper bridge arm, and transistors Q2 and Q4 form the lower bridge arm. The two ends of coil 410 are connected to the midpoints of the upper and lower bridge arms. Trigger switch 610 is a microswitch connected to the processor U. Different signals are fed back to the processor U based on the opening and closing of the microswitch. The processor U is connected to the bases of transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Based on the different signals fed back from the microswitch, it turns on the bases of transistors Q1 and Q4, or turns on transistors Q2 and Q3.

[0055] When the micro switch is closed (state S1 of trigger switch 610), the processor U turns on transistors Q2 and Q3 according to the signal, and the current flows from L2 to L1 of coil 410, which is the first direction I1. When the micro switch is open (state S2 of trigger switch 610), the processor U turns on transistors Q1 and Q4 according to the signal, and the current flows from L1 to L2 of coil 410, which is the second direction I2.

[0056] Here, the power supply uses a power circuit that draws power from the load circuit; alternatively, a battery can also be used.

[0057] Here, in addition to using a mechanical trigger switch 610, such as a micro switch, to give different trigger signals to the processor U, electronic switches can also be used to give different signals to the processor U, such as photoelectric switches, Hall effect sensors, and other inductive switches that can change state.

[0058] This section only describes the most basic structure of this circuit. In reality, components such as current-limiting resistors and unidirectional diodes can also be added to the circuit.

[0059] The current commutation is achieved by using a processor U in combination with an H-bridge circuit. Although the structure is more complex, the control is more precise, and the processor U can also be configured with more other functions.

[0060] The above describes how the trigger switch 610 changes the current direction of coil one 410, while the direction of coil two 430 remains unchanged. Alternatively, this scheme can also be applied to a situation where the trigger switch 610 changes the current direction of coil two 430, while the direction of coil one 410 remains unchanged, producing a similar effect, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0061] The transitions between states S1 and S2 of the trigger switch 610 are driven by the operating mechanism 200. The operating mechanism 200 includes an open state (OFF) and a close state (ON). The open state (OFF) means the main line conductor 300 is opened, and the close state (ON) means the corresponding main line conductor 300 is closed. The trigger switch 610 is within the movement trajectory of the operating mechanism 200. When the operating mechanism 200 is in the close state (ON), the trigger switch 610 is in state S1; when the operating mechanism 200 is in the open state (OFF), the trigger switch 610 is in state S2.

[0062] This method of controlling the switching on and off of the switch by changing the state of the trigger switch 610 through the operating mechanism 200, thereby altering the coil current, has the following advantages compared to existing technologies: First, the operating mechanism 200 does not directly drive (not through purely mechanical means) the moving contact 310 to open or close the circuit. Instead, it relies on the electromagnetic system 400 to achieve connection and disconnection. This electromagnetic system 400 has a simpler structure and a theoretical mechanical lifespan of 100,000 cycles or even higher. Second, the user drives the operating mechanism 200 to change the state of the trigger switch 610, facilitating manual operation of the switch to achieve the opening and closing states. Third, since the operating mechanism 200 does not directly drive the moving contact 310, its structure can be simplified, and its mechanical lifespan can be designed to be longer.

[0063] There are many ways for the operating mechanism 200 to change the state of the trigger switch 610. It can be that the operating element of the operating mechanism 200 directly changes the state of the trigger switch 610, or it can be that the operating element indirectly changes the state of the trigger switch 610 (the indirect way is by using a component that is linked to the operating element).

[0064] As a relatively simple method, a control element is used to directly drive the trigger switch 610, causing its state to change. In this embodiment, the control element is a rotary handle 210. The handle 210 has different positions when the operating mechanism 200 is in the closed state (ON) and the open state (OFF). The different positions are used to trigger or not trigger the trigger switch 610, thus causing the state to change.

[0065] Of course, the states S1 and S2 of the trigger switch 610 here are actually two states of the trigger switch 610. Taking a normally open mechanical switch as an example (such as the micro switch, single-pole double-throw switch, double-pole double-throw switch, etc. mentioned above): When the operating mechanism 200 is in the closed state, a part (protrusion) of the handle 210 contacts the trigger switch 610, causing it to reach state S1 (closed). When the operating mechanism 200 is in the open state (OFF), a part (protrusion) of the handle 210 does not contact the trigger switch 610, causing it to reach state S2 (open). The trigger state of the normally open mechanical switch and the trigger relationship of the handle 210 here is only an example. The actual trigger state can be designed and adjusted according to different specific control circuits. At the same time, in addition to normally closed mechanical switches, normally open mechanical switches can also be used.

[0066] In addition to the mechanical trigger switch 610 mentioned above, electronic trigger switches 610 (Hall effect components, photoelectric switches, infrared switches, etc.) can also be used in some control circuits that include H-bridge circuits. Any switch that can detect different positions of the handle 210 and trigger or not trigger is acceptable.

[0067] In addition to the rotation setting, the handle 210 can also be set to slide, which can also change the position to change the state of the trigger switch 610.

[0068] As a further improvement to the rotary handle 210 design, the operating mechanism 200 also includes a first elastic energy storage structure 220, which is connected to the handle 210. The first elastic energy storage structure 220 has a critical state (also called a dead position), which is when the elasticity of the first elastic energy storage structure 220 is at its maximum (the deformation of the first elastic energy storage structure 220 is at its maximum). This critical state occurs during the transition between the closing (ON) and opening (OFF) states of the operating mechanism 200. That is, the handle 210 will first reach this state when rotating from opening to closing and from closing to opening. After passing this state, the first elastic energy storage structure 220 enables the handle 210 to quickly reach the next state. For example, if the initial state of the handle 210 is closing (ON), it can quickly reach opening (OFF) after passing the critical state; if the initial state of the handle 210 is opening (OFF), it can quickly reach closing (ON) after passing the critical state.

[0069] Meanwhile, since the rotation of the handle 210 requires overcoming the elasticity of the first elastic energy storage structure 220 to reach a critical state, the handle 210 can remain in its current position regardless of whether it is in the ON or OFF state, as long as it is not subjected to external force. On the contrary, the first elastic energy storage structure 220 can keep it in its current position.

[0070] This first elastic energy storage structure 220 not only enables the handle 210 to switch quickly between opening and closing, but also ensures that the triggering state of the handle 210 and the trigger switch 610 remains more stable.

[0071] There are many common first elastic energy storage structures 220. It can be a simple spring 220b connected to the handle 210, or the handle 210 can be connected to the spring 220b via an indirect component. In this embodiment, the handle 210 is indirectly connected to the spring 220b via a connecting rod 220a; that is, the handle 210 is connected to the connecting rod 220a, and the connecting rod 220a is connected to the spring 220b. Furthermore, a tension spring is used in this embodiment. Of course, in addition to these methods, a torsion spring or a compression spring can also be used to achieve the same effect.

[0072] To enable rapid tripping of this switch under large fault overcurrents, a pneumatic trip lever 700 is also included. The pneumatic trip lever 700 is slidably mounted to the housing. One end of the pneumatic trip lever 700 corresponds to the mating part 210d (actually a boss) of the handle 210, while the other end is located in the arc-extinguishing space 100a inside the housing. The arc-extinguishing space 100a also contains an arc-extinguishing chamber 500 and moving and stationary contacts 320. When a large fault current exists in the line, the moving and stationary contacts 310 and 320 are repelled by the electrodynamic repulsion generated by the fault current. The resulting arc causes a sharp increase in air pressure within the arc-extinguishing space 100a (due to the gas generated by the arc eroding the internal components of the arc-extinguishing space 100a). Under the action of the airflow GAS, the pneumatic trip lever 700 pushes the handle 210 to rotate towards the OFF position.

[0073] The pneumatic lever 700 has a reset position (initial position) and an actuation position (the position after the handle 210 is pushed to the open position). Its reset is achieved by the handle 210, that is, when the handle 210 is turned to the ON position, the mating part 210d of the handle 210 can also push the pneumatic lever 700 back to the original position.

[0074] Of course, as an alternative, a lever spring can also be used for reset. That is, a lever spring is also used, which is connected to the pneumatic lever 700. When the pneumatic lever 700 is actuated (caused by an increase in air pressure), the lever spring deforms. After the air pressure decreases, the lever spring drives the pneumatic lever 700 to return to the reset position (initial position).

[0075] To enable this switch to trip under short-circuit and overload protection conditions, it also includes a latch 240, a trip latch 230, and a trip spring 240.

[0076] Both the latch 240 and the snap 230 are movable.

[0077] The trip latch 230 has a tripping drive unit 230a, a locking driven unit 230b, and a first locking unit 230c.

[0078] The latch 240 has a second locking part 240c and a first activated part 240b.

[0079] The handle 210 has a tripping actuator 210a and a locking actuator 210b.

[0080] The snap fastener 230 has a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the first locking part 230c and the second locking part 240c are engaged. In the unlocked state, the first locking part 230c and the second locking part 240c are not engaged.

[0081] One end of the spring 240 is statically set, while the other end is connected to the latch 230. Here, "statically set" means that this end of the spring 240 is stationary; in this embodiment, it is connected to the housing. Of course, it can also be statically set to connect to other parts. This connection allows the spring 240 to retain its energy when the latch 230 is locked. When the first locking part 230c and the second locking part 240c disengage, the spring 240 drives the latch 230 to move until the latch 230 is unlocked.

[0082] The tripping actuator 210a and the tripping drive 230a are corresponding. At least when the handle 210 is in the closed state (ON), the tripping actuator 210a is within the movement trajectory of the tripping drive 230a (within the trajectory of the trip lever 230 moving towards the unlocked state).

[0083] The locking drive unit 210b and the locking driven unit 230b are corresponding. At least when the handle 210 is in the open state OFF, the locking driven unit 230b is within the rotation trajectory of the locking drive unit 210b (within the trajectory of the handle 210 rotating towards the closed state ON).

[0084] Each phase of the main circuit conductor includes an electromagnetic trip unit 800 (also called a short-circuit protection mechanism) and a thermal trip unit 900 (also called an overload protection mechanism). The electromagnetic trip unit 800 can be either a solenoid type or an interlocking type; its specific structure and actuation principle are common knowledge in the field and will not be described further. The thermal trip unit 900 uses a bimetallic strip; its specific structure and actuation principle are common knowledge in the field and will not be described further.

[0085] When the line is short-circuited (overloaded), the electromagnetic trip unit 800 (thermal trip unit 900) pushes the first driven part 240b to move the latch 240, the first locking part 230c and the second locking part 240c are released from contact, the trip latch 230 rotates to the unlocked state under the action of the trip latch spring 240, the trip driven part 210a pushes the trip drive part 230a to rotate the handle 210 to the trip state OFF, the trigger switch 610 presents state two S2, the electromagnetic system 400 performs the energy release action, so that the moving and stationary contacts 320 are tripped. When the user drives the handle 210 to the ON position, the locking drive part 210b pushes the locking driven part 230b to move the trip spring 230. The first locking part 230c and the second locking part 240c re-engage, the trip spring 240 deforms, and as the handle 210 continues to rotate to the ON position, the trigger switch 610 presents state one S1, the electromagnetic system 400 performs a pull-in action, and the moving and stationary contacts 320 close.

[0086] By combining the electromagnetic trip unit 800, thermal trip unit 900, trip lever 230, latch 240, latch 240 spring, handle 210, and trigger switch 610, this switch can achieve both short-circuit protection and overload protection (both of which are types of overcurrent). Of course, short-circuit and overload protection do not necessarily have to be present simultaneously; only one of them may be required.

[0087] To facilitate the reset of latch 240 and trip latch 230, a biasing force can be provided to latch 240 via a latch spring. The latch spring can store energy after latch 240 is driven to rotate by electromagnetic trip unit 800 (thermal trip unit 900). After the driving force disappears, it drives latch 240 to reset, so that trip latch 230 can be re-locked between handle 210 and latch 240.

[0088] The trip latch 230 and the locking latch 240 can have various movement methods: both can be sliding, both can be rotating, or one can be sliding and the other rotating. Regardless of the method, they can all achieve the function of tripping under overcurrent conditions.

[0089] In order to ensure that the handle 210 can open and close normally when the trip latch 230 and the latch 240 are in the locked state, without affecting the connection between the trip latch 230 and the latch 240.

[0090] The latch 230 and lock 240 are rotated. Specifically, the cover has a positioning post 140. Here, the positioning post 140 and the cover can be integrally formed, or the positioning post 140 can be formed separately and then inserted into the cover.

[0091] The jump buckle 230 is rotatably positioned around the positioning post 140, and the handle 210 has the same rotation center as the jump buckle 230.

[0092] The rotation center of the latch 240 is set parallel to the rotation center of the jump latch 230.

[0093] Here, the handle 210 rotates around the positioning post 140 and also slides relative to the axial direction Z of the positioning post 140 during rotation. This is achieved because the positioning post 140 has a first helical surface 140a, and the handle 210 has a second helical surface 210c. The first helical surface 140a and the second helical surface 210c cooperate, causing the first helical surface 140a and the second helical surface 210c to come into contact during rotation. Through the principle of inclined plane transmission, sliding occurs simultaneously with rotation. Specifically, when the handle 210 is rotated towards the ON position (closed), it slides away from the trip latch 230 along the axial direction Z of the positioning post 140; while when the handle 210 is rotated towards the OFF position (open), it moves closer to the trip latch 230 along the axial direction Z of the positioning post 140.

[0094] When the trip lever 230 is in the unlocked state, during the rotation of the handle 210 towards the closing state (ON), the movement trajectory of the locking drive unit 210b intersects with that of the locking driven unit 230b. After the handle 210 reaches the closing state (ON), the movement trajectories of the locking drive unit 210b and the locking driven unit 230b do not intersect, while the movement trajectory of the opening drive unit 230a intersects with that of the opening driven unit 210a. Furthermore, there is no interference in the direction of the handle 210's rotation towards the opening state (OFF) (the opening drive unit 230a is located on the side of the opening driven unit 210a that rotates towards the closing direction, so there is no interference).

[0095] To enable the handle 210 to slide in the direction of the trip latch 230 (along the axial direction Z of the positioning post 140) when rotating from the ON state to the OFF state, a handle spring 250 is included. One end of the handle spring 250 abuts against the handle 210, while the other end is statically set. "Statically set" here means that this end of the handle spring 250 is stationary; in this embodiment, this end is connected to the housing. Of course, it can also be statically set to connect to other parts. When the handle 210 is rotated to the ON state, the handle 210 slides axially away from the trip latch 230, and the handle spring 250 stores energy. When the handle 210 is rotated to the OFF state, the handle spring 250 releases energy, causing the handle 210 to slide axially toward the trip latch 230 (that is, the handle spring 250 provides a force for the handle 210 to slide toward the trip latch 230 along the axis of its rotation center), so that the handle 210 also approaches the trip latch 230 when reaching the OFF state.

[0096] With this axial sliding structure, the user can drive the handle 210 to perform normal opening and closing of the circuit breaker even when the trip latch 230 and the lock latch 240 are locked, without causing the lock latch 240 and the trip latch 230 to unlock.

[0097] To ensure more stable operation of the electromagnetic system 400, a magnetic bridge 480 structure is also included. Specifically, the magnetic bridge 480 structure comprises a linkage rod 490 and a magnetic bridge 480.

[0098] The linkage rod 490 and the armature 450 move synchronously. Specifically, the first end of the linkage rod 490 is engaged with the armature 450. Alternatively, an interference fit or screw fastening can also be used. The linkage rod 490 has a limiting structure 490a, which is a protrusion.

[0099] The magnetic yoke 460 has a clearance area 460a, which is a groove. The clearance area 460a corresponds to the second end of the linkage rod 490 and the limiting structure 490a.

[0100] The magnetic bridge 480 is sleeved on the linkage rod 490 and is slidably configured with the linkage rod 490. The magnetic bridge 480 is always positioned between the armature 450 and the magnetic yoke 460. When the armature 450 is in the open position, the magnetic bridge 480 abuts against the limiting structure 490a, and the distance between the magnetic bridge 480 and the armature 450 is greater than the distance between the magnetic bridge 480 and the magnetic yoke 460. During the engagement operation of the electromagnetic system 400, the magnetic bridge 480 contacts the magnetic yoke 460 before the armature 450, and after contact, the second end of the linkage rod 490 and the limiting structure 490a are both within the clearance area 460a.

[0101] The design of the magnetic bridge 480 can adjust and optimize the magnetic flux distribution in the magnetic circuit. Compared with the electromagnetic system 400 without the magnetic bridge 480, the distance between the armature 450 and the yoke 460 can be set further, which indirectly allows the distance between the moving and stationary contacts 320 to be set further, which is beneficial to improve the breaking distance and enhance product performance.

[0102] To ensure that the magnetic bridge 480 can smoothly reset during the release action of the electromagnetic system 400, a return spring 495 is also included, which abuts against the armature 450 and the magnetic bridge 480. When the armature 450 is in the open position, the magnetic bridge 480 is abutted against the limiting structure 490a by the action of the return spring 495; during the closing action of the electromagnetic system 400, as the magnetic bridge 480 contacts the magnetic yoke 460, the return spring 495 gradually deforms; during the release action of the electromagnetic system 400, as the magnetic bridge 480 gradually disengages from the magnetic yoke 460, the return spring 495 gradually returns to its original deformation.

[0103] To reduce the erosion of the stationary contact 320, a stationary cover 320a is provided on the stationary contact 320. The stationary cover 320a can cover most of the area of ​​the stationary contact 320, exposing only the part that mates with the moving contact 310. This can effectively prevent arc erosion of the stationary contact 320 and improve product performance.

[0104] In order to facilitate the arc stretching of the moving and stationary contacts 320, a magnetic block 350 is also provided near the stationary contact 320. The magnetic block 350 can generate a magnetic field under the action of the main circuit current, which is beneficial to the stretching of the arc.

Claims

1. An electrical switching device, characterized by: Comprising, An electromagnetic system, comprising a coil one, a coil two, an armature, a magnetic yoke and a return spring; the armature is movably arranged and has a closed position and an open position; the coil one is arranged to move synchronously with the armature, the coil two and the magnetic yoke are both statically arranged on one side of the armature; the return spring is used to provide a biasing force for the armature to move to the open position; At least one phase main line conductor, each phase main line conductor comprising at least one movable contact and a static contact, all the movable contacts are arranged to move synchronously with the armature, the movable contact and the static contact are in contact when the armature is in the closed position, and the movable contact and the static contact are separated when the armature is in the open position; A trigger switch, having a state one and a state two; the current directions of one of the coils are opposite when the trigger switch is in the state one and in the state two; when the trigger switch is in the state one, the electromagnetic system is in an attraction action, the coil one and the coil two are powered to generate an electromagnetic force of attraction between the armature and the magnetic yoke, and the armature moves to the closed position against the return spring; when the trigger switch is in the state two, the electromagnetic system is in a release action due to the change of the current direction of one of the coils, the coil one and the coil two are powered to generate an electromagnetic force of repulsion between the armature and the magnetic yoke, and the armature returns to the open position under the joint action of the electromagnetic force of repulsion and the return spring; An operating mechanism, having a closed state and an open state; the trigger switch is driven by the operating mechanism and is switched between the state one and the state two; when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the trigger switch is in the state one; when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the trigger switch is in the state two. The operating mechanism comprises a handle, the handle is switched between the closed state and the open state by rotation; the trigger switch is arranged in the rotation track of the handle, and the trigger switch is a mechanical trigger switch or an electronic trigger switch; one of the state one and the state two is that the handle triggers the trigger switch, and the other is that the handle does not trigger the trigger switch.

2. An electrical switching device according to Claim 1 characterised in that: The operating mechanism further comprises a first elastic energy storage structure, the first elastic energy storage structure is connected with the handle; the first elastic energy storage structure has a critical state, the critical state is in the process of switching between the closed state and the open state of the operating mechanism, and the deformation amount of the first elastic energy storage structure is maximum when the first elastic energy storage structure is in the critical state; in the process of switching from the closed state / open state to the open state / closed state, the handle, the first elastic energy storage structure is switched to the critical state, and after passing through the critical state, the first elastic energy storage structure releases energy to make the handle quickly reach the open state / closed state.

3. An electrical switching device according to Claim 2 wherein: Further comprising a housing, the operating mechanism is directly or indirectly arranged on the housing; an arc-extinguishing space is further arranged in the housing, the movable contact and the static contact are arranged in the arc-extinguishing space, and an arc-extinguishing chamber is arranged in the arc-extinguishing space; further comprising a pneumatic striking rod which is rotationally or slidingly arranged on the housing, the handle has a matching part corresponding to one end of the pneumatic striking rod, and the pneumatic striking rod is partially arranged in the arc-extinguishing space; the pneumatic striking rod has a reset position and an actuating position, when the air pressure in the arc-extinguishing space increases, the air pressure pushes the pneumatic striking rod to move from the reset position to the actuating position and pushes the matching part, so that the handle is switched to the open state; when the handle is switched to the closed state, the matching part pushes the pneumatic striking rod to return to the reset position.

4. An electrical switching device according to Claim 2 wherein: ​ Or, further comprising a cover, the operating mechanism is directly or indirectly arranged on the cover; an arc extinguishing space is further arranged in the cover, the movable and static contacts are arranged in the arc extinguishing space, and an arc extinguishing chamber is arranged in the arc extinguishing space; further comprising a pneumatic striking lever and a striking lever spring which are rotatably or slidably arranged on the cover, the handle has a matching part corresponding to one end of the pneumatic striking lever, and the pneumatic striking lever is partially arranged in the arc extinguishing space; the pneumatic striking lever has a reset position and an actuating position; the striking lever spring is connected with the pneumatic striking lever and provides a force for the pneumatic striking lever to move to the reset position; when the air pressure in the arc extinguishing space increases, the air pressure drives the pneumatic striking lever to move from the reset position to the actuating position and pushes the matching part, so that the handle changes to the open state, and the striking lever spring deforms.

5. An electrical switching device according to Claim 2 wherein: The operating mechanism comprises a lock catch, a lock catch spring, a trip catch and a trip catch spring; the lock catch and the trip catch are movably arranged; the trip catch has an open driving part, a lock receiving part and a first locking part; the lock catch has a second locking part and a first receiving part; the handle has an open receiving part and a lock driving part; the trip catch has a locking state and an unlocking state; the trip catch spring is connected with the trip catch and provides a biasing force for the trip catch to move to the unlocking state; when the trip catch is in the locking state, the first locking part and the second locking part are overlapped, and the trip catch spring is in a deformed state; when the first locking part and the second locking part are overlapped, the trip catch spring drives the trip catch to change to the unlocking state, and in the process of changing to the unlocking state, the open driving part drives the open receiving part to move, so that the handle rotates to the open state; when the trip catch is in the unlocking state, in the process of rotating the handle to the closed state, the lock driving part drives the lock receiving part to move, so that the first locking part and the second locking part are overlapped again. Each phase main circuit conductor comprises an electromagnetic release and / or a thermal release, the electromagnetic release and / or the thermal release actuates when overcurrent exists in the main circuit, drives the first receiving part to move, and removes the overlap of the first locking part and the second locking part; the lock catch spring is connected with the lock catch and drives the lock catch to reset after the force received by the first receiving part disappears.

6. An electrical switching device according to claim 5 wherein: Further comprising a positioning column, the trip catch is rotatably arranged around the positioning column, and the rotation center of the trip catch is the same as the rotation center of the handle; the lock catch is rotatably arranged, and the rotation center of the lock catch is arranged in parallel with the rotation center of the trip catch; the positioning column has a first helical surface, the handle has a second helical surface matched with the first helical surface, in the process of changing the handle to the closed state, the first helical surface and the second helical surface are in contact, so that the handle slides along the axis of the rotation center away from the trip catch; further comprising a handle spring, one end of the handle spring is in contact with the handle, and the other end is statically arranged, the handle spring provides a force for the handle to slide along the axis of the rotation center towards the trip catch; when the trip catch is in the unlocking state, in the process of rotating the handle to the closed state, the movement track of the lock driving part intersects with the lock receiving part; after the handle is in the closed state, the movement track of the lock driving part does not intersect with the lock receiving part, the movement track of the open driving part intersects with the open receiving part, and there is no interference in the direction of rotating the handle to the open state.

7. An electrical switching device according to Claim 1 wherein: The winding direction of the first coil and the second coil is the same; when the trigger switch is in state one, the current directions of the first coil and the second coil are the same, and the magnetic yoke and the armature generate an electromagnetic force of attraction; when the trigger switch is in state two, the current directions of the first coil and the second coil are different, and the magnetic yoke and the armature generate an electromagnetic force of repulsion. Or, the winding direction of the first coil and the second coil is opposite; when the trigger switch is in state one, the current directions of the first coil and the second coil are opposite, and the magnetic yoke and the armature generate an electromagnetic force of attraction; when the trigger switch is in state two, the current directions of the first coil and the second coil are the same, and the magnetic yoke and the armature generate an electromagnetic force of repulsion.

8. An electrical switching device according to Claim 1 wherein: The armature is slidingly arranged; further comprising a linkage rod and a magnetic bridge; the first end of the linkage rod is fixed with the armature and moves synchronously with the armature; the magnetic yoke has an avoiding area, and the second end of the linkage rod corresponds to the avoiding area; the magnetic bridge is slidingly arranged on the linkage rod and is between the magnetic yoke and the armature; the linkage rod has a limiting structure between the magnetic bridge and the second end of the linkage rod; when the armature is in the open position, the magnetic bridge abuts against the limiting structure, and the distance between the magnetic bridge and the armature is greater than the distance between the magnetic bridge and the magnetic yoke; during the attraction action of the electromagnetic system, the magnetic bridge contacts the magnetic yoke before the armature, and after the contact, the second end of the linkage rod and the limiting structure are both in the avoiding area.

9. An electrical switching device according to Claim 8 wherein: Further comprising a return spring, the return spring abuts between the armature and the magnetic bridge; when the armature is in the open position, the magnetic bridge abuts against the limiting structure under the action of the return spring; during the attraction action of the electromagnetic system, as the magnetic bridge contacts the magnetic yoke, the return spring gradually deforms; during the release action of the electromagnetic system, as the magnetic bridge gradually separates from the magnetic yoke, the return spring gradually recovers the deformation.

10. The electric switch device according to claim 1, wherein: Or, the trigger switch is a DPDT switching device; the DPDT switching device has two groups of independently controlled branches, and the two groups of independently controlled branches are electrically connected to two ends of one of the coils; by changing the state of the DPDT switching device, the two groups of different branches are connected, so as to change the current direction of the coil; Or, the trigger switch is two SPDT switching devices that are synchronously switched; the two SPDT switching devices together form two groups of independently controlled branches and are electrically connected to two ends of one of the coils; by changing the state of the two SPDT switching devices, the two groups of different branches are connected, so as to change the current direction of the coil; Or, further comprising a control circuit, the control circuit comprising a processor and an H-bridge circuit; the trigger switch is electrically connected to the processor and is used for feeding different signals to the processor in state one and state two respectively; the H-bridge circuit is electrically connected to the processor and is electrically connected to one of the coils; the processor changes the conduction of the H-bridge circuit according to the different state signals fed back by the trigger switch, so as to change the current direction of the coil; Or, further comprising a control circuit, the control circuit comprising an H-bridge circuit; one of the coils is electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, and the trigger switch directly feeds back signals to the H-bridge circuit; the H-bridge circuit changes the conduction of the H-bridge circuit according to the different state signals fed back by the trigger switch, so as to change the current direction of the coil.

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