Smart mattress with adaptive actuation system

Abstract

A smart mattress and an adaptive actuation system for a flexible fabric are disclosed. The mattress may include a flexible fabric associated with a sleep or rest structure configured to engage a user in a prone position, a semi-prone position, or a sitting position. The actuation assembly may be configured to manipulate a sleep or rest structure. In one example, the actuation assembly includes a plurality of dimensionally varying components, and the sleep or rest structure may respond to the dimensions of the dimensionally varying components. The actuation assembly may be included in a sealable sleep or rest structure that may alter at least the composition and pressure of vibrations, light, sound, or a gaseous environment of a user.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 499,147, filed April 28, 2023, entitled “Smart Mattress with Adaptive Actuation System,” the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments generally relate to actuation systems for fabrics, and more particularly, to systems and techniques for adaptively controlling the characteristics of smart mattresses or other cushioning devices. Background Technology

[0004] Traditional smart mattresses use automatically inflating airbags or cells to adjust the mattress firmness according to user preferences. Inflatable airbags are generally not designed to support the user and / or accommodate user movement. Traditional airbags cannot help maintain spinal support, are prone to deformation, and create a feeling of air displacement, which may cause the user to roll unintentionally. Traditional smart mattresses may also have several drawbacks due to their complex overall design and reliance on high-power motors to regulate air pressure in individual cells. Airbag leaks, power failures, and wear can cause deflation in traditional systems, resulting in poor overall reliability and thus impairing the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In one aspect, a rest or sleep system includes a sleep or rest structure, an actuation component, and a chamber. The sleep or rest structure may be configured to engage a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. The actuation component may be configured to manipulate the sleep or rest structure. The sleep or rest structure may respond to energy supplied by the actuation component. The chamber may be configured to manipulate the user's sleep or rest environment via control of at least one of vibration, light, sound, or gas.

[0006] In some examples, the rest or sleep system further includes a sensing module that can be configured to detect the user's brainwaves. In some examples, the room can be configured to manipulate the sleep or rest environment in response to the brainwaves detected by the sensing module.

[0007] In some examples, the sleeping room can be configured to provide gaseous medical treatment to the user.

[0008] In some examples, the actuation component may include a size-changing element. In some examples, the size-changing element may be configured to change size in response to energy supplied to it. In some examples, the sleep or rest structure may respond to the size of the size-changing element. In some examples, the size-changing element may include a material with a volumetric thermal expansion coefficient greater than 20 / °C. In some examples, the size-changing element may be spherical.

[0009] In some examples, the size-changing component has a free end; when the size-changing component has a first size, the free end is in a first position; and when the size-changing component has a second size, the free end is in a second position.

[0010] In one aspect, a method for providing an immersive sleep or rest experience includes: providing a flexible fabric in a sleep volume, causing deformation of the flexible fabric, and changing at least one of the composition or pressure of a gas in the sleep volume. The flexible fabric may be configured to support a user in the sleep volume. Deformation of the flexible fabric can be caused by manipulating an actuator.

[0011] In some examples, causing deformation of the flexible fabric may include changing the size-changing component from a first size to a second size. In some examples, the size-changing component may change from the first size to the second size by changing the energy supplied to the size-changing component.

[0012] In some examples, the method may further include detecting user input. In some examples, the user input may include data from the user's smart device. In some examples, the transformation of the dimensionally changing component may occur in response to the detection of the user input.

[0013] In some examples, the data may include one or more of daily activities, oxygen levels, heart rate, diet, energy expenditure, or environmental factors.

[0014] In some examples, the method may further include detecting user input. In some examples, the user input may include data from the user's smart device. In some examples, a change in at least one of the composition or pressure of the gas in the sleep volume may occur in response to the detection of the user input.

[0015] In some examples, the method may also include detecting the user's brainwaves. In some examples, at least one of changing the composition or pressure of the gas in the sleep volume may occur in response to the detection of the user's brainwaves.

[0016] In some examples, the method may also include changing the thermal energy of the fluid supplied to the temperature control system to change the temperature of the flexible fabric.

[0017] In some examples, the method may also include supplying gaseous medical treatment to the sleep volume.

[0018] In one aspect, a mattress may include a sleep or rest structure and an actuation component. The sleep or rest structure may be configured to engage a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. The actuation component may be configured to manipulate the sleep or rest structure. The actuation component may include a sizing member configured to change between a first size and a second size in response to receiving energy from an energy source. The sleep or rest structure may respond to the sizing member having either the first size or the second size.

[0019] In some examples, the dimensionally variable component may comprise a material with a volumetric thermal expansion coefficient greater than 20 / °C.

[0020] In some examples, the energy source may include a heat source; the heat source may be configured to emit heat directed at the size-changing component; and the size-changing component may be configured to change from the first size to the second size when receiving heat from the heat source.

[0021] In some examples, the actuation component may include a plurality of dimensionally variable components, the plurality of dimensionally variable components including the dimensionally variable component. In some examples, the dimensionally variable component may be spherical.

[0022] In some examples, the dimensional change component may include multiple malleable materials. In some examples, the malleable materials may be configured to transform from a first shape to a second shape upon receiving energy, thereby causing the dimensional change component to transform from the first size to the second size.

[0023] In addition to the exemplary aspects and embodiments described above, other aspects and embodiments will become apparent by referring to the accompanying drawings and by studying the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present disclosure will be readily understood from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same structural elements, and in the drawings: FIG. 1 An example mattress is depicted; FIG. 2 A functional block diagram of the adaptive actuation system is depicted. FIG. 3AAn example mattress is depicted, which has FIG. 2 The adaptive actuation system and the user in the first reclining position; FIG. 3B Depicting FIG. 3A A mattress in which the user is in a second reclining position; FIG. 4A A flexible fabric is described, in which an actuation component is in a first configuration; FIG. 4B Depicting FIG. 4A The flexible fabric, in which the actuation system is in the second structure; FIG. 4C Depicting FIG. 4A The flexible fabric, which has another example of an actuation system; FIG. 5A Another flexible fabric is depicted, in which the actuation system is in the first configuration; FIG. 5B Depicting FIG. 5A The flexible fabric, in which the actuation system is in the second structure; FIG. 5C Depicting FIG. 5A The flexible fabric, which has another example of an actuation system; FIG. 6 Another example of a flexible fabric is depicted, which has an array of malleable materials; FIG. 7A An example of a malleable material in a first configuration is depicted; FIG. 7B Depicting FIG. 7A A malleable material, which is in the second structure; FIG. 8 A schematic diagram depicting a photopolymer or photoactivated resin is shown; FIG. 9A Another example of a malleable material is depicted, which is in the first configuration; FIG. 9B Depicting FIG. 9A A malleable material, which is in the second structure; FIG. 9C Depicting FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B A malleable material, which is arranged to support the mattress; FIG. 10A An example wavefront sensor is depicted, which measures the first wavefront; FIG. 10B This example wavefront sensor measures a second wavefront; FIG. 11A A sleep system with an adaptive actuation system and a user in a first lying position is described; FIG. 11BDepicting FIG. 11A A sleep system in which the user is in a primary lying position; FIG. 11C Depicting FIG. 11A A schematic diagram of the sleep system; FIG. 12A The first user interface of the electronic device is depicted, which is configured to operate. FIG. 11A The sleep system; FIG. 12B A second user interface for an electronic device is depicted, which is configured to operate. FIG. 11B The sleep system; FIG. 12C The first user interface of the electronic device is depicted, which is configured to operate. FIG. 11C The sleep system; FIG. 13A A medical table with an adaptive actuation system and a user in a primary rehabilitation posture is described. FIG. 13B Depicting FIG. 13A A medical bed in which the user is in a second rehabilitation position; FIG. 14A An operating table with an adaptive actuation system and a user in a first surgical position is depicted. FIG. 14B Depicting FIG. 14A The operating table in which the user is in a second surgical position; FIG. 15A A car seat with an adaptive actuation system and a user in a primary seating position is depicted. FIG. 15B Depicting FIG. 15A The car seat in which the user is in a second seating position; FIG. 16A The clothing is depicted, which has an adaptive actuation system and a user in a first posture; FIG. 16B Depicting FIG. 16A The clothing, in which the user is in a second posture; FIG. 17A An insole with an adaptive actuation system and a user's foot in a first posture is described; FIG. 17B Depicting FIG. 17A The insole, in which the user's foot is in a second position; FIG. 18A A bulletproof vest with an adaptive actuation system and a user in a first position is depicted. FIG. 18B Depicting FIG. 18AThe bulletproof vest in which the user is in a second position; FIG. 19 A flowchart for manipulating flexible fabric is described; FIG. 20A An example flexible fabric with an array of size-changing materials is depicted; FIG. 20B An example of a material with varying dimensions is depicted; FIG. 20C An example of a material with varying dimensions is depicted; FIG. 20D An example of a dimensionally variable material is described, which includes a malleable material; FIG. 21A A sealable sleep system with an adaptive actuation system is described. FIG. 21B Depicting FIG. 21A A schematic diagram of a sealable sleep system; and FIG. 22 A schematic diagram of a sealable sleep system is depicted, which has an adaptive actuation system and a temperature control system. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following description includes example systems, methods, and apparatuses embodying various elements of this disclosure. However, it should be understood that the disclosure described herein may be implemented in many other forms besides those described herein.

[0026] This disclosure describes systems and techniques for adaptively actuating a sleep or rest structure, such as a flexible fabric or other material configured to engage a user (typically for prolonged engagement). An example flexible fabric may be a component of a mattress or armchair, including a sleep or rest structure configured to engage a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. The mattress or armchair may be a smart mattress or furniture and may include an actuation component integrated with the flexible fabric to alter one or more characteristics of the sleep or rest structure, including the firmness of the sleep or rest structure. Sensors associated with or disposed therein in the mattress, chair, or more generally, sleep system may be configured to detect the user's condition during use of the sleep or rest structure. As two examples, the user's posture and pressure distribution may be detected, and the actuation component may be configured to alter the characteristics of the sleep or rest structure based on this detection. In some cases, the actuation component may be configured to alter the sleep or rest structure in a way that prompts the user to gently move to a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position conducive to restful sleep. Auditory and other conditions may also be detected during sleep. Accordingly, the actuation components can be configured to gently move or roll the user to reduce snoring, sleep apnea events during REM sleep (rapid eye movement sleep), and so on.

[0027] In one example, the actuation component can be configured to manipulate a sleep or rest structure using a flexible airbag containing fluid and a pair of electrodes that operate to change the shape of the airbag. The flexible airbag and the pair of electrodes can form components of a Peano-HASEL actuator. The flexible airbag can be formed of an elastic material that defines a volume therein for containing fluid. The pair of electrodes can be arranged such that a first electrode is positioned on a first side of the flexible airbag, and a second electrode is positioned on a second side of the flexible airbag. In operation, the pair of electrodes can move toward each other in response to an electrical charge. As the pair of electrodes move toward each other, fluid can be displaced from the flexible airbag without the operation of a separate pump (such as a high-power air pump in a conventional system). The fluid displaced by the electrodes can cause the flexible airbag to deform, for example, causing a portion of the flexible airbag to take on a larger size. As the flexible airbag deforms, it can be operated to press into a flexible fabric or other components of the actuation component, thereby manipulating a sleep or rest structure associated with the fabric.

[0028] In addition, or alternatively, the actuation components can employ a variety of malleable materials to manipulate the sleep or rest structure. Broadly speaking, as used herein, "malleable material" can refer to any material configured to repeatedly deform between a first and a second configuration in response to energy from an energy source. Malleable materials can exhibit a memory effect, thus cycling between a first and a second configuration based on one or more inputs from an energy source. Hundreds of thousands or even millions of cycles can be performed, typically under heavy mechanical loads. In one example, malleable materials can include materials that respond to a heat source. Shape memory alloys, including certain copper-aluminum-nickel alloys and nickel-titanium alloys, can be used. Composite materials, including mixtures of high-strength polymer fishing line and sewing thread, can also be used. In addition, or alternatively, malleable materials can include materials that respond to a light source. Certain photopolymers or photoactivated resins can be employed, which change their properties upon exposure to light, typically in the ultraviolet or visible light region.

[0029] Shape-forming materials can receive thermal and / or light energy and transform between a first and a second configuration. This transformation between the first and second configurations can be adapted to manipulate sleep or rest structures, and more broadly, mattresses. In one example, the shape-forming material can be arranged beneath the mattress and used as a replacement for traditional wooden slats. The shape-forming material can be configured to harden or soften upon electrical stimulation, thus enabling a responsive mattress without the need for large air units or pumps. Furthermore, or alternatively, the shape-forming material can be integrated with the mattress itself to provide finer (higher resolution) contour adjustment zones. As an example, the shape-forming material can define an arrangement of cilia that alternately transforms shape based on the presence of light and the light's reception by the material. Individual arrangements of these cilia can then manipulate sleep or rest structures, enabling fine-tuning. Other arrangements of the shape-forming material are also envisioned and discussed in this paper.

[0030] In some examples, the actuation component may include various dimensionally variable materials to manipulate a sleep or rest structure. More broadly, as used herein, "dimensionally variable material" can refer to any material configured to repeatedly transition between a first and a second size in response to energy from an energy source. In some examples, the dimensionally variable material may include materials that respond to a heat source, light source, electrical stimulation, or similar stimulation. The dimensionally variable material can receive energy and transition between a first and a second size. In some examples, the dimensionally variable material may include any malleable material described herein, and the dimensionally variable material may change size due to differences in tension within the material. In some examples, the dimensionally variable material may change size due to differences in temperature. For example, the dimensionally variable material may have a coefficient of volumetric thermal expansion greater than about 50°C. The transition of the dimensionally variable material between the first and second sizes can be adapted to manipulate a sleep or rest structure, and more broadly, a mattress. In some examples, the dimensionally variable material may be placed under a mattress or pad and used as an alternative to traditional wooden slats. Size-changing materials can be configured to harden or soften upon electrical or other stimulation, enabling responsive mattresses without the need for large air units or pumps. Alternatively, size-changing materials can be integrated into the mattress itself to provide finer (higher resolution) contour adjustment zones. As an example, size-changing materials can define an arrangement of spherical structures that alternately change size based on the presence and reception of heat, light, other electrical or similar stimuli. Individual spherical structures within the spherical structure can then manipulate sleep or rest structures, allowing for precise control. Other arrangements of size-changing materials are also envisioned and discussed in this paper.

[0031] In some examples, actuation components may include various phase change materials, such as phase change polymers (also known as phase transition polymers), to manipulate sleep or rest structures. More broadly, as used herein, "phase change material" can refer to any material configured to repeatedly transition between states of matter in response to energy from an energy source. In some examples, phase change materials may include materials that respond to a heat source. Phase change materials can receive thermal energy and transition between different states of matter, such as between a solid and a liquid state. The transitions of phase change materials between different states of matter can be adapted to manipulate sleep or rest structures, and more broadly, armchairs and mattresses. In some examples, phase change materials may be placed under a pad or mattress and used as an alternative to traditional wooden slats. Phase change materials can be configured to harden or soften upon electrical or other stimulation, enabling responsive mattresses without the need for large air units or pumps. Furthermore, or alternatively, phase change materials may be integrated into the mattress itself to provide finer (higher resolution) contour adjustment zones.

[0032] Actuation components can be implemented in sleep systems. Sleep systems may include mattresses or armchairs that utilize actuation components to modify one or more characteristics (including firmness) of the sleep or rest structure. More broadly, sleep systems can be configured to provide a fully immersive, sensory experience and offer adaptations to user-customizable settings to promote restful sleep. Example systems include a capsule structure defining a sleep volume. The sleep volume may include a mattress or armchair, support elements, and sufficient free volume for a user to engage the mattress in a lying position within the capsule structure. The capsule structure may include various sensors described herein to detect the user's condition, including sensors that detect auditory input (responding to snoring), force or pressure input (responding to user posture and movement), pulse input (responding to heart rate), etc. As described herein, actuation components can respond to auditory input, force or pressure input, or pulse input, for example, by altering the characteristics of the sleep or rest structure, including altering the sleep or rest structure by gently rolling or manipulating the user. The sleep structure may include additional actuators or devices to alter the user's environment within the sleep volume in response to detected input. As illustrative examples, the sleep structure may include: a vibration device that vibrates the mattress in a relaxing manner; an audio device that introduces pleasant sounds into the sleep volume; an aroma-generating device that introduces a pleasant scent into the sleep volume; a lighting device that introduces quiet and timely light; and so on.

[0033] In one example, a sleep or rest structure may include actuators or devices to control and manipulate the physical vibrations and movement of the structure based on sound waves, including acoustic systems ranging from infrasound to ultrasound. In some examples, lighting devices may be controlled to manipulate light energy. This light energy can stimulate and support biological rhythms (e.g., the wavelengths of light may be in the red and infrared spectral range for transdermal cell support; or shorter wavelengths in the blue / violet spectral range for stimulating dopamine production upon wakefulness). In some examples, the color temperature value (K value) of any white light may be manipulated to induce a sleep or wakefulness state on demand or according to preference. For example, lighting control of a sleep or rest structure may include using a range of 1500–2000 K to support sleep and a range of 4000–6000 K for wakefulness. This optimizes circadian rhythms.

[0034] In some examples, the capsule structure of a sleep or rest system can be a pressure chamber or similar structure configured to provide an environmental pressure different from atmospheric pressure. For example, the capsule structure can be a pressure chamber configured to perform hyperbaric oxygen therapy or similar treatments, and can be configured to optimize the oxygen concentration provided to the user, or similar uses. In some examples, the capsule structure can be configured to provide the user with medication or other medical treatments during sleep, such as micro-dose of hallucinogens to aid concentration, help alleviate symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), etc. The capsule structure can include sensors to detect brainwaves and can change the sleep or rest environment of the capsule structure in response to the detected user brainwaves. The sleep system can be integrated with various user devices (such as smartphones or other electronic devices) to collect user data around the clock. Subsequently, the sleep system can provide a customized environment for the user based on daily activities, oxygen levels, heart rate, diet, energy expenditure, environmental factors, etc.

[0035] The actuation system disclosed herein can also be implemented in a variety of flexible fabrics. As an example, the flexible fabric can be a component of an operating table, such as a surgical structure supporting the patient during surgical procedures. The actuation system can be configured to alter the flexible fabric in a manner that manipulates the patient during surgery. For example, the flexible fabric can be deformed by the actuation system, thereby causing patient movement. This deformation can be adjusted to move the patient to a desired arrangement for the procedure. This deformation can be part of a pre-programmed sequence for surgical procedures and / or controlled by medical personnel during the procedure. Therefore, more convenient access and surgical control can be achieved without necessarily relying on direct physical contact between medical personnel and the patient during surgery. Other applications of the flexible fabric and actuation system are also envisioned and described herein, including using the flexible fabric as a component in medical beds, car seats, clothing, insoles, bulletproof vests, etc.

[0036] Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which help to illustrate various features of this disclosure. The following description is presented for illustrative and descriptive purposes only. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the aspects of the invention to the forms disclosed herein. Therefore, any changes and modifications that are proportionate to the teachings described below and consistent with the knowledge and skills of those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.

[0037] FIG. 1 An example sleep system 100 is depicted. The sleep system 100 includes a frame support 102 and a mattress 104. The mattress 104 may define a sleep or rest structure 106. The mattress 104 may be a smart mattress, such as those generally described above and described in more detail below. In this respect, the mattress 104 may include an actuation component adapted to alter one or more characteristics of the sleep or rest structure 106. For example, the actuation component may alter the firmness of the sleep or rest structure 106. The sleep or rest structure 106 may be formed of or be constructed of a flexible fabric or other material and configured to engage a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. Thus, the sleep or rest structure 106 may be adapted to deform in response to the configuration of the actuation component. In some cases, the actuation component may be operable to deform the sleep or rest structure 106, thereby allowing the user to gently roll or otherwise gradually readjust their posture on the sleep or rest structure 106 to promote restful sleep.

[0038] FIG. 2 A functional block diagram of the actuation component 200 is depicted. The adaptive actuation component 200 can be implemented in... FIG. 1 The sleep system is in 100. FIG. 2The adaptive actuation assembly 200 is functionally illustrated as including a comfort module 204, an actuation module 208, a sensor module 212, and a support module 216. The comfort module 204 may include any suitable material to facilitate engagement between the adaptive actuation assembly 200 and a user. In the case of the mattress 104, the comfort module 204 may include a sleep or rest structure 106 for engaging a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position, as well as components within the mattress 104 that collectively define the sleep or rest structure 106. For example, the comfort module 204 may include a pad, foam, fabric, sheet, or other material configured to enhance user comfort on the sleep or rest structure 106. In one embodiment, a memory foam pad with a microfiber suede-covered surface may be used. Furthermore, or alternatively, the comfort module 204 may include a flexible fabric, such as any of the flexible fabrics described herein. For example, the flexible fabric may have sufficient flexibility to allow repeated deformation by the actuator in the actuation assembly 200. The flexible fabric can also have sufficient strength to withstand the user's weight and / or the forces applied by the actuators without causing excessive wear or breakage. The flexible fabric, and more broadly, the comfort module 204, can define the interface for the actuators in the actuation assembly 200. In some cases, the actuators can be at least partially held and / or embedded within the flexible fabric itself, allowing individual actuators to be arranged closer to the sleep or rest structure 106.

[0039] Regarding actuation module 208, actuation assembly 200 may include various actuator devices, components, sub-assemblies, etc., to facilitate manipulation of comfort module 204. As described herein, actuation module 208 may include Peano-HASEL type actuator devices. For example, actuation module 208 may include a flexible airbag containing fluid. A pair of electrodes may be spaced apart from each other by the flexible airbag. The pair of electrodes is operable to receive charge, thereby causing the electrodes to move toward each other. The movement of the electrodes toward each other displaces the fluid and deforms the airbag. An actuator may be engaged with comfort module 204 in such a way that deformation of the airbag causes manipulation of comfort module 204. As an example, a portion of the flexible airbag may be expanded and pressed against a portion of flexible fabric.

[0040] The actuation module 208 may also include various shape-measuring materials. As described above, shape-measuring materials may include materials adapted to change shape in response to receiving energy (e.g., energy from a heat source and / or a light source). Shape-measuring materials may exhibit a memory effect, allowing them to deform and return to their undeformed shape in a consistent manner. Shape memory alloys, nylon, and photopolymers may be integrated into shape-measuring materials. In some cases, shape-measuring materials may be integrated with the comfort module 204, such that deformation of the shape-measuring material causes associated deformation of the flexible fabric or other materials. Furthermore, or alternatively, shape-measuring materials may be integrated with the support module 216 described below to provide structural support and stiffness control for the system.

[0041] In some examples, the actuation module 208 may include various dimensionally variable materials. As described above, dimensionally variable materials may include materials adapted to change size in response to received energy (e.g., energy from a heat source, light source, other electrical stimulation, or similar source). Dimensionally variable materials may change size in a consistent manner in response to received energy. Dimensionally variable materials may include materials with a volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion greater than about 20 / °C, greater than about 30 / °C, greater than about 50 / °C, greater than about 100 / °C, and so on. In some examples, dimensionally variable materials may include malleable materials arranged to form a desired shape. For example, malleable materials may be arranged to form spheres, polyhedra, cylinders, cones, or any other suitable shape to form dimensionally variable materials. Dimensionally variable materials may be integrated with the comfort module 204 such that deformation of the dimensionally variable material causes associated deformation of the flexible fabric or other materials. Additionally or alternatively, dimensionally variable materials may be integrated with the support module 216 described below to provide structural support and stiffness control for the system.

[0042] In some examples, the actuation module may include a phase change material, such as a phase change / transition polymer. As described above, the phase change material may include a material adapted to change to a different physical state in response to received energy (e.g., energy from a heat source). In some examples, the phase change material may uniformly transition between a solid and a liquid state in response to received energy. The phase change material may be integrated with the comfort module 204 such that the transition of the phase change material causes associated deformation of the flexible fabric or other materials. Alternatively, the phase change material may be integrated with the support module 216 described below to provide structural support and stiffness control for the system.

[0043] Regarding sensor module 212, actuation component 200 can implement various sensors for detecting the user's condition. The user's condition can be used to control one or more actuators in actuation module 208. In one example, the electrodes of an actuator (e.g., a Peano-HASEL actuator) can be used to detect the user's movement and / or pressure distribution. For example, an initial capacitance can be defined between the electrodes. In response to the user's movement, the position of the electrodes relative to each other can shift, thereby changing the capacitance between the electrodes. This capacitance change can be detected and correlated to a force input that causes the electrodes to move. When this force input exceeds a threshold, actuation component 200 can operate one or more actuators to change the characteristics of the mattress, such as adjusting the firmness. In some cases, the force input can be determined at each electrode in the array of electrodes and analyzed to define the user's pressure distribution on mattress 104. This pressure distribution can be analyzed to determine the user's posture on the sleep or rest structure 106 and tracked over time to determine the user's sleep patterns.

[0044] In addition, or as an alternative to the electrodes of the actuator, the sensor module 212 may also include other sensors for detecting force input or other inputs. For example, a resistance-based switch may be used. Wavefront or optical sensors may also be used to detect the user's pressure distribution, such as regarding... FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B As described in more detail, additional sensors may be implemented to detect audible inputs, such as snoring. In this regard, the actuation component 200 may manipulate the sleep or rest structure 106 in response to the user's snoring. This may include gently rolling the user and, if possible, mitigating the effects of sleep apnea during REM sleep. Light and vibration sensors may also be implemented and integrated into the various actuators described herein to manipulate the sleep or rest structure 106.

[0045] In some examples, sensor module 212 may be integrated with external electronic devices and / or sensors that can collect user data throughout the day. For example, sensor module 212 may be integrated with a user's smartphone or other electronic devices and can collect data related to user experience and condition throughout the day. This data may include daily activities, oxygen levels, heart rate, diet, energy expenditure, environmental factors, location, and any other data related to the user's condition. Actuation components may manipulate sleep or rest structure 106 in response to user data to provide an optimal sleep experience. Furthermore, as will be discussed in detail, the user data from sensor module 212 may be provided to other systems within the sleep system. For example, sensor module 212 may provide user data to an environmental effects module to provide the user with optimized ambient air, for example, by changing the gaseous concentration and pressure of the ambient air provided to the user.

[0046] Regarding support module 216, actuation assembly 200 may include structural features operable to support a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. In some cases, support module 216 may include structural elements, such as a support frame. Additionally or alternatively, support module 216 may include a waterbed chamber, foam, mat, etc., to provide additional support and comfort to the user. In some cases, various actuators of this disclosure may form components of support module 216. As an example, the malleable materials, dimensionally variable materials, and / or phase change materials described herein may be used to define a series of support strips beneath the mattress. Thus, malleable materials, dimensionally variable materials, and / or phase change materials may support the weight of a user engaged with sleeping or resting structure 106 and be arranged to alter the properties of mattress 104, such as deforming in a way that applies additional stiffness to mattress 104 when needed, such as... FIG. 9C As shown in more detail below.

[0047] refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B A mattress 300 is shown that implements the actuation component 200 described above. The mattress 300 may include a sleep or rest structure 306, which is defined, or partially defined, by a flexible fabric. The sleep or rest structure 306 is shown having an actuation grid 308 (dashed lines). The actuation grid 308 divides the sleep or rest structure 306 into representative portions 310. More broadly, the actuation component described herein can be adapted to alter the characteristics of the mattress 300 in a manner tailored to each representative portion 310. For example, the actuation component 200 may be integrated beneath the sleep or rest structure 306 and may be configured to manipulate each representative portion 310. In some cases, the actuation component 200 may manipulate each representative portion 310 individually. For example, a first representative portion 310a may be manipulated by the actuation component 200 in a first manner. A second representative portion 310b may be manipulated by the actuation component 200 in a second manner (optionally, a different manner). For ease of explanation, the first manipulation method allows the sleep or rest structure 306 to have a first stiffness at the first representative portion 310a, while the second manipulation method allows the sleep or rest structure 306 to have a second stiffness at the second representative portion 310b. This helps to establish and maintain comfort levels for different users on the same sleep or rest structure 306, for example... FIG. 3A The first user 302a is shown in posture A and the second user 302b is shown in posture B.

[0048] However, it should be understood that the representative portion 310 shown is for illustrative purposes only. The actuation component of this disclosure allows for ultra-fine control of the characteristics of the sleep or rest structure 306. In this respect, FIG. 3AA precision grid 312 (dashed line) is further illustrated, which has representative regions 314. Representative regions 314 may represent a subset of the macroscopic representative portion 310. Each representative region 314 can be configured for manipulation by the actuation component 200. In some cases, this may include manipulating a first representative region 314a in a first manner and manipulating a second representative region 314b in a second manner (optionally, a different manner). Microcontrol at the precision grid 312 can allow for customized manipulation of the sleep or rest structure 306 to influence the user's movement, posture, and state. As an example, representative regions 314 may have varying stiffness and / or deformation relative to a baseline to maintain a supported posture of the user on the sleep or rest structure 306. Furthermore, or alternatively, manipulation of representative regions 314 can be used to move the user or reposition the user, for example by gently repositioning the user to a position supporting restful sleep. For example, as FIG. 3B As shown, due to the manipulation of the sleep or rest structure 306 by the actuation component 200, the first user 302a is in posture A' and the second user 302b is in posture B'.

[0049] The actuation components described in this article can be implemented in conjunction with flexible fabrics. About FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C The flexible fabric 400 is shown having an actuation component 420. The flexible fabric 400 may be substantially similar to the flexible fabric described above with respect to comfort module 204. The flexible fabric 400 may be a component of the sleeping or resting structure of a mattress, or define the sleeping or resting structure. FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C In the example, the flexible fabric 400 includes a flexible outer layer 402, a flexible surface 404, and a fabric region 408. The flexible outer layer 402 can typically be adapted to define an interface with the actuation component 420. For example, as FIG. 4A As schematically shown, the actuation component 420 can be held within the fabric region 408, or more broadly interfaced with the fabric region 408. The actuation component 420 can be operated to manipulate the fabric region 408 and cause deformation of the flexible surface 404.

[0050] exist FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C In the example, actuation component 420 may include a Peano-HASEL actuator or other actuation device that utilizes electrodes to displace fluid within the flexible airbag. Actuation component 420 in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C The image shows a first electrode 424 and a second electrode 428. The first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 can together form a pair of electrodes. The second electrode 428 can be connected to a current supply source 430. The first electrode 424 can be connected to a ground 426. A flexible airbag 436 defining a cavity 438 and containing fluid 432 can be positioned between the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428.

[0051] During operation, FIG. 4A The actuation component 420 is depicted in either a first configuration or an unactuated configuration. In the unactuated configuration, the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 are substantially spaced apart from each other. The flexible airbag 436 can be in a relaxed or substantially undeformed shape. In the first configuration, the height of the flexible airbag is h1. When the flexible airbag has a height h1, the flexible outer layer 402 can be substantially undeformed, such as... FIG. 4A As shown.

[0052] The actuation component 420 can be configured to manipulate the flexible outer layer 402. In operation, the actuation component 420 can receive charge at the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428. This charge can bias the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 to move them closer to each other, such as... FIG. 4B As shown. The first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 are movable toward each other and press toward the flexible air bladder 436 located between them. Fluid 432 contained within the flexible air bladder 436 is displaced through the flexible air bladder 436 due to the movement of the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428, for example, displaced toward the end of the flexible air bladder 436 where no electrodes are located. Displacement of the fluid 432 can cause the flexible air bladder 436 to stretch or deform. For example, fluid 432 can be displaced toward the end portion of the flexible air bladder 436 where no electrodes are located. This can cause the flexible air bladder 436 to have a deformed or altered shape. FIG. 4B In the example, the flexible airbag 436 deforms such that its end has a height h2. Height h2 can be greater than height h1. The value of the second height h2 can be based on the value of the charge applied to the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428. In this respect, the value of the second height h2 can be controlled by the applied charge, thereby allowing the actuation assembly 420 to be controllably deformed to a predetermined and / or customizable value.

[0053] The flexible surface 404 can be deformed by changing the flexible airbag 436 from a first height h1 to a second height h2. For example, changing the flexible airbag 436 to the second height h2 can cause a portion of the flexible surface 404 to deform, for example, to define... FIG. 4B The modified profile 404' shown is deformed in a manner that can be locally limited to the manipulated portion 410 of the flexible surface 404. The modified profile 404' can have a deformation height Δ s Deformation height Δ s This can correspond to the value of the height change between the second height h2 and the first height h1. In this respect, the deformation height Δ sThe value of h2 can be controlled by the applied charge, which, as described above, is used to control the value of the second height h2. Therefore, the magnitude of deformation of the flexible surface 404 can be finely adjusted to provide surface manipulation configured to respond to specific user conditions, such as user posture readjustment, spinal support, sleep apnea relief, etc.

[0054] It should be understood that FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B The flexible fabric 400 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and only a single actuation component 420 is illustrated. Multiple actuation components can be implemented in combination with the flexible fabric 400. The multiple actuation components can cooperate with each other to produce a combined or superimposed effect of manipulating the flexible fabric 400. For ease of illustration, FIG. 4C A flexible fabric 400' is shown. The flexible fabric 400' has a first actuation component 420a and a second actuation component 420b. The first actuation component 420a and the second actuation component 420b can be substantially similar to those described above relative to... FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B The actuation component 420 is described above. In this respect, the first actuation component 420a may include a first electrode 424a, a second electrode 428a, a fluid 432a, a flexible airbag 436a, and a cavity 438a. Furthermore, the second actuation component 420b may include a first electrode 424b, a second electrode 428b, a fluid 432b, a flexible airbag 436b, and a cavity 438b. The first actuation component 420a and the second actuation component 420b may be stacked vertically and integrated into the fabric region 408 of the flexible outer layer 402.

[0055] FIG. 4C A configuration is shown in which a first actuation component 420a and a second actuation component 420b are disposed therein to apply charge to corresponding electrodes. In this respect, the first electrode 424a and the second electrode 428a can move toward each other, displacing fluid 432a and deforming a portion of the flexible airbag 436a. Furthermore, the first electrode 424b and the second electrode 428b can move toward each other, displacing fluid 432b and deforming a portion of the flexible airbag 436b. The deformed portions of the flexible airbags 436a and 436b can cooperate with each other to define a deformation height h3 for the entire actuation component. When the first actuation component 420a and the second actuation component 420b present height h3, the flexible outer layer 402 can deform. For example, the first actuation component 420a and the second actuation component 420b having height h3 can be configured such that the flexible outer surface 404 has an manipulated portion 410' that presents a deformation height Δs2. The value of the deformation height Δs2 can correspond to the value of the deformation height h3 of the flexible airbags 436a and 436b. In some cases, the presence of multiple flexible airbags can affect the deformation height Δs2. sA value of 2 produces a superposition or multiplication effect. For example, when the electrode displaces fluid, the flexible airbag 436a may be resisted by the flexible airbag 436b. Therefore, the flexible airbag 436a can be biased to deform to a greater extent in the direction toward the flexible outer surface 404 (which presents less resistance to the expansion of the flexible airbag 436a), thereby causing enhanced deformation at the flexible outer surface 404, which is greater than the deformation that could be achieved in the case of a single airbag.

[0056] about FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B The flexible fabric 500 is shown having an actuation assembly 520. The flexible fabric 500 may include a flexible outer layer 502, a first end 504, and a fabric region 508. The actuation assembly 520 may be substantially similar to the actuation assembly 420 and may include a flexible air bladder 536 that contains fluid 532 within a cavity 538. The fluid 532 can be expelled by operation of the actuation assembly 520 to manipulate the flexible outer layer 502.

[0057] Despite the aforementioned similarities, the actuation assembly 520 includes a first pair of electrodes and a second pair of electrodes. For example, the actuation assembly 520 includes electrodes 524a, 528a defining the first pair of electrodes, and electrodes 524b, 528b defining the second pair of electrodes. The flexible airbag 536 can define a cavity 538 as a continuous cavity extending between the electrodes 524a, 528a in the first pair of electrodes and the electrodes 524b, 528b in the second pair of electrodes. FIG. 5A As shown, the flexible airbag 536 can define a first bulge portion 540a and a second bulge portion 540b between the first pair of electrodes and the second pair of electrodes. FIG. 5A In the unactuated configuration shown, the continuous cavity 538 may have a length d.

[0058] In operation, the actuation component 520 can be adapted to receive charge to move electrodes 524a and 528a of the first pair of electrodes closer to each other. The actuation component 520 can also be adapted to receive charge to move electrodes 524b and 528b of the second pair of electrodes closer to each other. FIG. 5B As shown, the movement of the corresponding electrodes of the first pair of electrodes and the second pair of electrodes can cause the fluid 532 to be displaced, thereby deforming the flexible fabric 500. In some cases, such as FIG. 5C As shown, deformation of the flexible airbag 536 can cause the length of the continuous cavity 538 to contract, for example, to a length d. Δ The actuation component 520 can be integrated with the fabric area 508, so that when the flexible airbag 536 has a length d Δ At this time, the flexible outer layer 502 is manipulated or deformed. For example, the flexible airbag 536 contracts to a length d. ΔThis can cause the first end 504 of the flexible fabric 500 to be pulled or retracted by a corresponding amount. The amount of retraction of the first end 504 can be adjusted according to the charge applied to the electrode, as described above. FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C As mentioned above.

[0059] In some cases, the flexible fabric 500 may include multiple associated actuation components. For example, FIG. 5C A flexible fabric 500' is depicted, having a first actuation component 520a, a second actuation component 520b, a third actuation component 520c, a fourth actuation component 520d, and a fifth actuation component 520e. Each of the actuation components 520a–520e can be similar to the above description. FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B The actuation components 520 are described above. In this respect, each of the actuation components 520a–520e may have a flexible air bladder defining a continuous cavity extending between a plurality of electrodes. Thus, the flexible air bladder of each of the actuation components 520a–520e can be configured to contract along the lengthwise dimension in response to an electric charge. The series arrangement of multiple actuation components can produce a superposition or multiplication effect in terms of the deformation value of the flexible outer layer 502. For example, the presence of multiple actuation components can cause local portions of the flexible outer layer to deform under a larger force, and the application of this force can be more finely controlled, including individual control at each of the actuation components 520a–520e. This can be beneficial for a variety of applications, such as using flexible fabric 500' to gently reposition a sleeping user.

[0060] The actuation components disclosed herein may also include the malleable materials described herein. For example, and referring to... FIG. 6 to FIG. 9C Various actuation components are shown, in which a malleable material is used to manipulate a portion of a flexible fabric. The malleable material can be configured to repeatedly cycle between a first shape and a second shape. The malleable material can be configured to transform between the first shape and the second shape when receiving energy from an energy source (including receiving heat and / or light energy). The malleable material can have a memory effect, thus returning to the first shape when the energy is stopped.

[0061] Turn FIG. 6 Example flexible fabric 600 is shown having an actuation assembly 620. The actuation assembly 620 includes a set of malleable materials and components configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 600. FIG. 6The flexible fabric 600 shown includes an outer fabric layer 602, a flexible surface 604, and a fabric region 608. An actuation component 620 may be at least partially retained within the fabric region 608, or otherwise interfaced with the fabric region 608. Upon actuation, the actuation component 620 is operable to cause deformation of the flexible outer surface 604.

[0062] To facilitate the above-described functions, the actuation assembly 620 may include an array of malleable components, including malleable component 630. Malleable component 630 may have a first end 632, which may be fixed to or otherwise attached to a base. Malleable component 630 may have a second end 634, which is a free end opposite to the first end 632. Malleable component 630 may be at least partially formed of a malleable material, such as any malleable material described herein. In this respect, malleable component 630 may be configured to transition between a first configuration and a second configuration upon receiving energy. FIG. 6 In the example, the transformation of the malleable component 630 can cause the second end 634 to move relative to the fabric region 608. This movement of the second end 634 relative to the fabric region 608 can be configured to cause deformation of the flexible surface 604.

[0063] refer to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B The malleable component 630 is shown as associated with a base 640 and an energy source 645. The malleable component 630 may be connected to the base 640 at a first end 632. The energy source 645 may be coupled to the base 640 and / or the malleable component 630 and is operable to deliver energy to the malleable component 630. For example, the malleable component 630 may be a photopolymer or a photoactivated resin, or may include a photopolymer or a photoactivated resin that changes properties upon exposure to light. The energy source 645 may include a light source configured to deliver light to the malleable component 630 and cause the malleable component 630 to change shape.

[0064] exist FIG. 7A In its construction, the malleable component 630 is shown having a first body arrangement 636. For example, in the first body arrangement 636, the malleable component 630 may extend significantly from and protrude from the base 640. The first body arrangement 636 may correspond to a state of the actuation assembly 620 in which the malleable component 630 receives light energy from the energy source 645. FIG. 7AA second body arrangement 636' and a third body arrangement 636" are also shown. The second body arrangement 636' and the third body arrangement 636" may correspond to a configuration of the malleable component 630 in which the malleable component receives less or no light from the energy source 645. In this respect, the malleable component 630 may be configured to change between a series of configurations and positions between the first body arrangement 636" and the third body arrangement 636" based on the amount of light received from the energy source 645. For example, as... FIG. 7B As shown, when the energy source 645 does not emit light to the malleable component 630, the malleable component 630 can present a third body arrangement 636".

[0065] In one example, the malleable part 630 may be formed at least partially from a photopolymer or a photoactivated resin. In this respect, FIG. 8 A schematic diagram is shown of a photopolymer or photoactivated resin that allows the malleable part 630 to change shape. (Example) FIG. 8 As shown, under the third body arrangement 636", the malleable component 630 generally includes a monomer 650, an oligomer 652, and a photoinitiator 654. The monomer 650, oligomer 652, and photoinitiator 654 may be interconnected to define the third body arrangement 636", as shown. FIG. 7B As shown. The malleable component 630 can be exposed to light to transform it into the first body arrangement 636. FIG. 8 As shown, upon receiving light, a link 656 can be formed between at least some of the monomer 650, oligomer 652, and photoinitiator 654. In some cases, the formation of the link 656 can cause one or more material properties of the malleable part 630 to change, including causing a portion of the malleable part 630 to shrink or otherwise change its length, such that the malleable part 630 can be operated to transform between a first configuration and a second configuration. In some cases, when the light stops, the link 656 can dissipate, allowing the malleable part 630 to transform from a first body arrangement 636 to a third body arrangement 636". Furthermore, the link 656 can be configured to dissipate, allowing the malleable part 630 to exhibit a memory effect and produce a malleable part 630 in a shape substantially the same as the initial shape.

[0066] In other examples, various actuation components of this disclosure may include a malleable material that is manipulable upon receiving thermal energy. For example, Joule heating can be used to heat a material, including nylon or certain alloys, to change the shape of the malleable material. Reference FIG. 9A and FIG. 9BAn example of a malleable material 900 is shown, which can be configured to alternate between a first shape and a second shape upon receiving heat. The malleable material 900 may define a wound structure 902 having a first end 904 and a second end 906. The first end 904 may be connected to a heat source h. s Related. The second end 906 can be associated with the heat output h. r Related. Heat source h s It can be a current source. Heat output h r This can be the output current after the current flows through the winding structure 902. In the first configuration, the winding structure 902 can have a length d, for example... FIG. 9A As shown. The first configuration can correspond to a significantly cooled configuration, in which the amount of thermal energy introduced into the malleable material 900 is reduced, including no thermal energy.

[0067] In the second configuration, thermal energy can be introduced into the malleable material 900 to manipulate the winding structure 902. For example, and as... FIG. 9B As shown, it can be transmitted via heat source h s Heat energy is introduced into the winding structure 902. Introducing heat into the winding structure 902 can cause the winding structure 902 to shorten in length d. Δ The shortened length d Δ It can be at least 90% of length d, at least 70% of length d, or at least 50% of length d. The shortened length d Δ The value can be based in part on the amount of thermal energy added to the winding structure 902. For example, in the first case, the heat source h s A first amount of heat can be introduced into the winding structure 902 to reduce the length of the winding structure 902 by a first amount. In the second case, the heat source h s A second (larger) amount of heat can be introduced into the winding structure 902 to reduce the length of the winding structure 902 by a second (larger) amount.

[0068] The malleable material 900 can be used to manipulate flexible fabrics, such as those in a mattress. In one example, such as... FIG. 9CAs shown, the malleable material 900 can be integrated into the sleep system 950 to support the mattress 952 (shown in dashed lines). For example, the malleable material 900 can form a series of support bars 910 in the base frame 956. The series of support bars 910 can be configured as multiple responsive hammocks beneath the mattress 952. For example, each malleable material 900 can be adapted to receive electrical stimulation to change the effective length of the coiled structure 902, as described above. Changes in the effective length can make individual segments of the support bars 910 firmer or softer. Changes in the stiffness of the support bars 910 can, in turn, change the stiffness of the mattress 952, or otherwise alter the contours of the mattress 952 to meet the individual needs of the user.

[0069] In some examples, wavefront sensors can be used to detect a user's posture, orientation, and / or movement relative to a flexible fabric. For example, a wavefront sensor can be configured to detect a disturbed wavefront. The disturbed wavefront can be associated with the user's movement. One or more processing units can measure the value of the disturbed wavefront and associate the disturbed wavefront with the user's movement.

[0070] FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B An example sensing system 1000 is depicted, which measures a disturbed wavefront. The sensing system 1000 may include a wavefront sensor 1010, a lens array 1014, a sensing structure 1018, and a focal landing surface 1012. The system 1000 operates by receiving incident light 1002 at the lens array 1014. The incident light 1002 may collectively define a wavefront 1004. The lens array 1014 may converge the light and direct it toward a focal point 1016 on the sensing structure 1018. The focal point 1016 may form a focal arrangement 1030 along the focal landing surface 1012. FIG. 10A In the example, wavefront 1004 can be essentially undisturbed. In this respect, the focal arrangement 1030 is... FIG. 10A This is displayed as a grid structure with a basically uniform spacing.

[0071] about FIG. 10B The wavefront sensor 1010 can receive incident light 1002'. The incident light 1002' can define a disturbed wavefront 1004'. For example, the incident light 1002' can be received by the lens array 1014 at a different angle than... FIG. 10A The incident light 1002 is received at the angle of incidence. In this respect, the lens array 1014 is operable to guide the incident light toward the focal point 1016' on the sensing structure 1018. The focal point 1016' can be used to establish a focal arrangement 1030' along the focal point landing surface 1012. FIG. 10BIn the example, wavefront 1004' can be significantly perturbed. Therefore, the focal arrangement 1030' is... FIG. 10B The diagram shows a configuration with significantly non-uniform spacing. The wavefront sensor 1010 is operable to measure the offset of the focal arrangement 1030' relative to the focal arrangement 1030, thereby determining the amplitude of the disturbed wavefront relative to a reference line. Furthermore, the amplitude of this disturbed wavefront can be correlated with the user's movement relative to the flexible fabric.

[0072] FIG. 11A to FIG. 18B Example embodiments of the flexible fabric and actuation components described herein are depicted. In a broader sense, the actuation components of this disclosure can be used to manipulate virtually any flexible fabric configured to engage a user. For example, the flexible fabric can be configured to engage a user for an extended period (e.g., during sleep), to support the user in a predetermined posture (e.g., sitting or standing), or to maintain contact with the user during movement (e.g., dressing), etc. The actuation components described herein can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric to provide a force input to the user. For example, manipulation of the flexible fabric can deform the outer surface of the flexible fabric, and the user can receive a force input corresponding to the deformation of the flexible fabric. In some cases, this deformation is sufficient to readjust the user's posture to adapt the user to a dynamic and measurable situation.

[0073] refer to FIG. 11A to FIG. 11C An embodiment is illustrated, showing a sleep system 1100. The sleep system 1100 may implement an adaptive actuation system (such as the system described above) to control one or more characteristics of the mattress based on user conditions. The sleep system 1100 may be adapted to provide an immersive sleep experience. For example, the sleep system 1100 may include a capsule 1102 defining a sleep volume 1104. The sleep volume 1104 may have environmental effects 1106, such as light, smell, sound, etc. The sleep volume 1104 may be configured to hold a mattress 1120 and a user 1110 therein. The capsule 1102 may be substantially spherical in shape and form a partially enclosed space above the user 1110. The mattress 1120 may include a sleep or rest structure 1122 configured to engage a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position within the sleep volume 1104. The mattress 1120 may include an adaptive actuation system 1130, such as any of the adaptive actuation systems described herein. FIG. 11A In the example, the adaptive actuation system 1130 is shown in a representative grid (represented by dashed lines). The adaptive actuation system 1130 can be configured to modify the sleep or rest structure 1122, as described herein. For example, in FIG. 11AIn the first configuration shown, the adaptive actuation system 1130 is operable to maintain the user 1110 in a first posture. The adaptive actuation system is also operable to manipulate the sleep or rest structure 1122 and move the user 1110 to a second posture, such as... FIG. 11B As shown.

[0074] The sleep system 1100 can be configured to detect the user 1110's condition and modify one or more characteristics of the sleep experience. FIG. 11C In the schematic diagram, user 1110 is shown engaged in a lying position with sleep or rest structure 1122. In this schematic diagram, actuation module 1132 is shown below sleep or rest structure 1122. Actuation module 1132 may be substantially similar to... FIG. 2 The actuation module 208 in the text will be omitted here for clarity. For example... FIG. 11C As shown, the actuation module 1132 can be associated with the sensing module 1136 and the ambient emission module 1140. The sensing module 1136 can be configured to detect one or more conditions of the user. For example, the sensing module 1136 can be configured to detect audible conditions of the user 1110, such as snoring or voice commands. In addition, or alternatively, the sensing module 1136 can be configured to detect force and / or motion input from the user, which can indicate changes in the user 1110's posture on the sleep or rest structure 1122.

[0075] Actuation module 1132 can be configured to receive signals from sensing module 1136 and alter one or more characteristics of the sleep or rest structure 1122. For example, actuation module 1132 can be adapted to change the firmness of sleep or rest structure 1122 according to user instructions. In other cases, actuation module 1132 can be configured to change or reposition user 1110, particularly, for example, reposition user 1110 to provide more support or firmness, and / or reposition user 1110 to alleviate sleep apnea events. Furthermore, or alternatively, ambient emission module 1140 can be configured to receive signals from sensing module 1136 and alter one or more characteristics of sleep volume 1104. For example, ambient emission module 1140 can be configured to introduce certain odors into sleep volume 1104 based on the detected condition of user 1110. Furthermore, the ambient emission module 1140 can be configured to introduce light, vibration, heat, and other environmental effects 1106 into the sleep volume 1104. In some cases, the actuation module 1132 can cooperate with the ambient emission module 1140 to produce a combined effect that can alleviate the detected condition. As an example, the sensing module 1136 can detect excessive movement of the user 1110 associated with anxiety. Furthermore, the adaptive actuation system 1130 can adjust the firmness of the sleep or rest structure 1122, and the ambient emission module 1140 can introduce pleasant scents and soothing sounds to promote restful sleep.

[0076] The sleep system 1100 can operate in part by mapping the body contours of the user 1110. The adaptive actuation system 1130 can be configured to modify the sleep or rest structure 1122 based on these body contours to provide a customized sleep experience. In some cases, body mapping can be assisted by a smartphone or other electronic devices. For example, and referring to... FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C Electronic devices are used to capture images of user 1110 to calibrate the sensors of adaptive actuation system 1130. (Reference) FIG. 12A The diagram illustrates a first user interface 1200a. The first interface 1200a may include information related to initiating the calibration process. The first interface 1200a may include a prompt 1202 containing a message instructing the correct placement of an electronic device or camera to capture user images for calibration. The first interface 1200a may also include a table 1204 and a virtual avatar 1206. The table 1204 may represent a reference object in a frame of the captured image. The virtual avatar 1206 may convey information to the user about the appropriate position relative to the reference object for capturing the image. An exit button 1208 may be provided to terminate the calibration sequence. A start button 1210 may also be provided to begin the calibration process.

[0077] refer to FIG. 12B A second user interface 1200b is shown, in which the calibration process is initiated. For example, the second interface 1200b displays a user image 1212 and an overlay 1214. The overlay 1214 may represent the target and / or approximate body contour of the user currently captured in the user image 1212. A countdown 1216 is also provided, indicating the status of the calibration process. (Reference) FIG. 12C The diagram illustrates a third user interface 1200c, where the calibration process is finally completed. For example, the third interface 1200c displays a matching result 1218 between the user image 1212 and the overlay layer 1214. A prompt 1220 may be provided, including information requesting the user to review the matching result 1218. At the third interface 1200c, the user can review the fit between the overlay layer 1214 and the user image 1212. If the matching result 1218 is unacceptable, the user can select the retake button 1222 to return to the second interface 1200b. If the matching result 1218 is acceptable, the user can select the accept button 1224 to complete the calibration process.

[0078] In another example, the actuation component of this disclosure can be implemented in a flexible fabric forming part of a medical table. For example, and as... FIG. 13A As shown, a medical table 1300 is illustrated, which has a flexible fabric 1310. The flexible fabric 1310 can define a medical surface 1312, which is configured to engage a user 1302 in a rehabilitation posture. The medical table 1300 can be a hospital bed or other equipment used for patient treatment and care. FIG. 13A In one example, hospital bed 1300 is shown as including wheel assembly 1314 and guardrail 1316. In other examples, hospital bed 1300 may include other components to facilitate treatment of user 1302.

[0079] The flexible fabric 1310 can be associated with the actuation component 1320. The actuation component 1320 can be substantially similar to the actuation components and modules described herein, for example... FIG. 2The actuation module 208 is described herein; for clarity, its repeated description is omitted here. The actuation component 1320 can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 1310. For example, the actuation component 1320 can be configured to alter the properties of the medical surface 1312, such as hardness or other properties, to support the rehabilitation of the user 1302. In some cases, manipulation of the flexible fabric 1310 may occur in response to the detection of a condition of the user 1302. This condition may include the user 1302's posture and / or movement. Furthermore, or alternatively, the condition may be associated with a medical diagnosis, and the actuation component 1320 may be configured to manipulate the user 1302 to facilitate the treatment process. In some cases, the actuation component 1320 may be configured to manipulate the medical surface 1312 to induce movement of the user 1302. For example, in… FIG. 13A In the image, user 1302 is shown in a first pose 1301a. Actuation component 1320 is operable to move user 1302 to a second pose 1301b, such as... FIG. 13B As shown, the movement of user 1302 can occur largely automatically without direct input from healthcare personnel. This can be beneficial in supporting patient movement during treatment, promoting blood circulation, and reducing the incidence of pressure sores, among other things.

[0080] In another example, the actuation component of this disclosure can be implemented in a flexible fabric forming part of an operating table. For example, as FIG. 14A As shown, an operating table 1400 is illustrated, which has a flexible fabric 1410. The flexible fabric 1410 can define a surgical surface 1412, which is configured to engage a user 1402 in a surgical posture. The operating table 1400 can be associated with an operating room and / or other systems and components that facilitate the performance of surgical procedures. FIG. 14A In the example, the operating table 1400 is shown to include a wheel assembly 1414. In other examples, the operating table 1400 may include components that facilitate surgical treatment of the user 1402. The operating table 1400 is also shown associated with a control station 1416. The control station 1416 may be operatively associated with an actuation assembly 1420. A healthcare worker 1404 may use the control station 1416 to control the operation of the actuation assembly 1420.

[0081] The flexible fabric 1410 can be associated with the actuation component 1420. The actuation component 1420 may be substantially similar to the actuation components and modules described herein, for example... FIG. 2The actuation module 208 is described herein; for clarity, its repeated description is omitted here. The actuation component 1420 can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 1410. For example, the actuation component 1420 can be configured to alter the properties of the surgical surface 1412, such as stiffness or other properties, to support the recovery of the user 1402. In some cases, manipulation of the flexible fabric 1410 may occur in response to the detection of a condition of the user 1402. This condition may include the user 1402's posture and / or movement. Furthermore, or alternatively, the condition may be associated with a medical diagnosis, and the actuation component 1420 may be configured to manipulate the user 1402 to facilitate surgery. In some cases, the actuation component 1420 may be configured to manipulate the surgical surface 1412 to induce movement of the user 1402. For example, in… FIG. 14A In the image, user 1402 is shown in a first pose 1401a. Actuation component 1420 is operable to move user 1402 to a second pose 1401b, such as... FIG. 14B As shown. The movement of user 1402 can occur largely automatically without direct input from medical personnel 1404. In other cases, medical personnel 1404 can use control station 1416 to adjust the operation of actuator 1420 based on the real-time status of user 1402 and the surgery. This can be beneficial in order to move and position user 1402 appropriately during the procedure.

[0082] In another example, the actuation component of this disclosure can be implemented in a flexible fabric forming part of a car seat. For example, and as... FIG. 15A As shown, a car seat 1500 is illustrated, which has a flexible fabric 1510. The flexible fabric 1510 can define a seating surface 1512, which is configured to engage a user 1502 in a seated position. The car seat 1500 can be a device for safely transporting a child in a motor vehicle. FIG. 15A In the example, the car seat 1500 is shown to include a seat portion 1514, a backrest support portion 1516, and a side cushioning portion 1518. Flexible fabric 1510 may extend over one or more of the seat portion 1514, the backrest support portion 1516, and the side cushioning portion 1518. In other examples, the car seat 1500 may include other components that facilitate the transport of the user 1502.

[0083] The flexible fabric 1510 can be associated with the actuation component 1520. The actuation component 1520 can be substantially similar to the actuation components and modules described herein, for example... FIG. 2The actuation module 208 is described herein; for clarity, its repeated description is omitted here. The actuation component 1520 can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 1510. For example, the actuation component 1520 can be configured to change the characteristics of the seating surface 1512, such as stiffness or other properties, to support the seating posture of the user 1502. In some cases, manipulation of the flexible fabric 1510 can occur in response to detecting a state of the user 1502. This state may include the posture and / or movement of the user 1502. In some cases, the actuation component 1520 can be configured to manipulate the seating surface 1512 to induce movement of the user 1502. For example, in… FIG. 15A In the image, user 1502 is shown in a first pose 1501a. Actuation component 1520 is operable to move user 1502 to a second pose 1501b, such as... FIG. 15B As shown, movement of user 1502 can occur largely automatically without direct input from another relevant user (such as a child's parent). This can be beneficial in supporting movement of user 1502 during prolonged sitting, promoting blood circulation, and enhancing the usability of car seat 1500 during extended use.

[0084] In another example, the actuation component of this disclosure can be implemented in a flexible fabric that forms part of a garment. For example, as FIG. 16A As shown, garment 1600 is illustrated, which has a flexible fabric 1610. The flexible fabric 1610 may define an interface configured to engage with a user 1602, allowing the garment 1600 to be worn by the user 1602. The garment 1600 may be a shirt or upper body covering that facilitates exercise by selectively increasing the resistance of the flexible fabric 1610. FIG. 16A In one example, garment 1600 is shown as including a biceps portion 1612 and a forearm portion 1614. In other examples, garment 1600 may include other components to facilitate exercise for the user 1602.

[0085] The flexible fabric 1610 can be associated with the actuation component 1620. The actuation component 1620 can be substantially similar to the actuation components and modules described herein, for example... FIG. 2The actuation module 208 is described again here for clarity. The actuation component 1620 can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 1610. For example, the actuation component 1620 can be configured to alter the characteristics, such as stiffness or rigidity, or other characteristics, of one or both of the biceps portion 1612 and / or forearm portion 1614 to support the user 1602's exercise program. For example, the actuation component 1620 can operate to resist movement of the user 1602 at the biceps portion 1612 and / or forearm portion 1614, thereby facilitating resistance training. In some cases, manipulation of the flexible fabric 1610 can occur in response to detecting a state of the user 1602. This state can include the user 1602's posture and / or movement. For example, in FIG. 16A In the image, user 1602 is shown in a first posture 1601a. ​​Actuation component 1620 is operable to respond to user 1602 moving between the first posture 1601a and a second posture 1601b (e.g., ...). FIG. 16B As shown, resistance is increased in the biceps brachii portion 1612 and / or the forearm portion 1614. The change in resistance can occur substantially automatically without direct input from the user 1602. This can be beneficial in supporting exercise programs without the need for weights or other assistive devices.

[0086] In another example, the actuation component of this disclosure can be implemented in a flexible fabric forming part of the insole. For example, and as... FIG. 17A As shown, an insole 1700 is illustrated, which has a flexible fabric 1710. The flexible fabric 1710 may define a footrest surface 1712, which is configured to engage with a user 1702 in a standing position. The insole 1700 may be a device inserted into a shoe, plaster cast, boot, or other component configured to be worn on the foot of the user 1702. FIG. 17A In one example, insole 1700 is shown to include a front portion 1714 and a rear portion 1716, wherein the front portion 1714 is configured to engage the ball portion of the foot, and the rear portion 1716 is configured to engage the arch of the foot. In other examples, insole 1700 may include other components to facilitate footing by a user 1702.

[0087] The flexible fabric 1710 can be associated with an actuation component 1720. The actuation component 1720 can be substantially similar to the actuation components and modules described herein, for example... FIG. 2The actuation module 208 is described herein; for clarity, its repeated description is omitted here. The actuation component 1720 can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 1710. For example, the actuation component 1720 can be configured to change the characteristics of the footrest surface 1712, such as hardness or other properties, to support the foot of the user 1702. In some cases, manipulation of the flexible fabric 1710 may occur in response to detecting a condition of the user 1702. This condition may include the posture and / or movement of the user 1702. Furthermore, or alternatively, the condition may be associated with a medical diagnosis, and the actuation component 1720 may be configured to manipulate the user 1702 to facilitate a treatment process, including relieving joint pain. In some cases, the actuation component 1720 may be configured to manipulate the footrest surface 1712 to induce movement of the user 1702. For example, in… FIG. 17A In the image, the user 1702's foot is shown in a first posture 1701a. The actuation component 1720 is operable to move the user 1702's foot to a second posture 1701b, such as... FIG. 17B As shown, the movement of user 1702 can occur substantially automatically during use (including walking or running) without direct input from user 1702. This can be beneficial in responding to the user 1702's condition and environment during walking, running, exercise, and / or other activities, thereby providing adaptive foot support.

[0088] In another example, the actuation component of this disclosure can be implemented in a flexible fabric forming part of a body armor. For example, as FIG. 18A As shown, a body armor 1800 is illustrated, which has a flexible fabric 1810. The flexible fabric 1810 may define an interface 1812, which is configured to engage with a user 1802, allowing the body armor 1800 to be worn by the user 1802. The body armor 1800 can be an upper body cover that can be used to protect against bullets. The drag of the flexible fabric 1810 can be modified to allow the user 1802 to move in different combat scenarios. FIG. 18A In one example, the body armor 1800 is shown as including a first chest portion 1814 and a second chest portion 1816. In other examples, the body armor 1800 may include other components to facilitate the protection of the user 1802.

[0089] The flexible fabric 1810 can be associated with an actuation component 1820. The actuation component 1820 can be substantially similar to the actuation components and modules described herein, for example... FIG. 2The actuation module 208 is described again here for clarity; its repeated description is omitted here. The actuation component 1820 can be configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 1810. For example, the actuation component 1820 can be configured to change the characteristics of the interface 1812, such as stiffness or other characteristics, to support movement of the user 1802. In some cases, manipulation of the flexible fabric 1810 can occur in response to detecting a state of the user 1802. This state can include the user 1802's posture and / or movement. For example, in FIG. 18A In the diagram, user 1802 is shown in a first posture 1801a. Actuation component 1820 can be activated when user 1802 moves between the first posture 1801a and a second posture 1801b (e.g., ...). FIG. 18B As shown), this increases the drag of the first chest portion 1814 and / or the second chest portion 1816. The change in drag of the flexible fabric 1810 can occur substantially automatically without direct input from the user 1802. This can be beneficial to support applications from non-combat scenarios (such as...). FIG. 18A As shown) to combat scenarios (such as FIG. 18B The transformation shown in the figure.

[0090] To facilitate the reader's understanding of the various functions of the embodiments discussed herein, reference is now made to... FIG. 19 The flowchart shown illustrates process 1900. Although specific steps (and their order) of the methods described herein have been illustrated and will be discussed, this disclosure also contemplates and covers other methods consistent with the teachings disclosed herein (which may include more, fewer, or different steps than those illustrated).

[0091] In operation 1904, a pair of electrodes move closer to each other. For example, and refer to... FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B The first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 can move closer to each other. The second electrode 428 can be connected to a current supply source 430. The first electrode 424 can be connected to ground 426. A charge can be applied to the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428. The charge can induce an electromagnetic field that pulls the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 closer to each other.

[0092] In operation 1908, the flexible airbag is transformed from a first shape to a second shape using the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428. For example, and referring to... FIG. 4A and FIG. 4BThe movement of the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428 can displace fluid 432 within the flexible air bladder 436 arranged between the first electrode 424 and the second electrode 428. The fluid 432 can be displaced toward opposite ends of the flexible air bladder 436, causing the flexible air bladder 436 to stretch and inflate. For example, the flexible air bladder 436 can change from a first shape having a first height h1 to a second shape having a second height h2 (a greater height).

[0093] In operation 1912, the flexible fabric deforms in response to the flexible airbag 436 being in a second shape. For example, and referring to... FIG. 4B The transformation of the flexible airbag 436 into a second shape can cause deformation of the flexible fabric 400. The flexible airbag 436 can be at least partially disposed within a fabric region 408 of the flexible fabric 400. The fabric region 408 can extend toward the flexible outer surface 404. The flexible airbag 436 can at least partially inflate within the fabric region 408, causing deformation of the flexible outer surface 404 and defining the manipulated portion 410. The manipulated portion 410 can have a deformation height Δ s Deformation height Δ s The value can correspond to the value of the second height h2 of the flexible airbag 436 in the second shape.

[0094] FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D An example flexible fabric 2000 is shown, which includes an actuation assembly 2020. The actuation assembly 2020 includes a set of dimensionally variable materials and components (e.g., dimensionally variable components 2030) configured to manipulate the flexible fabric 2000. FIG. 20A In this embodiment, the flexible fabric 2000 is illustrated as including an outer fabric layer 2002, a flexible surface 2004, and a fabric region 2008. An actuation component 2020 and / or a dimensional change component 2030 may be at least partially retained within the fabric region 2008, or otherwise interfaced with the fabric region 2008. The actuation component 2020 may operate upon actuation to cause deformation of the flexible outer surface 2004.

[0095] To facilitate the above functions, the actuation component 2020 may include an array of dimensionally variable components 2030. FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D In the example, the dimensionally changing component 2030 is spherical; however, the dimensionally changing component 2030 may include other shapes, such as polyhedra, prisms, cones, or any other suitable shapes. The dimensionally changing component 2030 may be made of a material that undergoes a change in size (e.g., diameter) or other dimensions upon receiving heat, light, electrical stimulation, or other energy. For example, as... FIG. 20BAs shown in the diagram (which illustrates a detailed view of the size-changing component 2030), when the supplied energy undergoes a first change, the diameter of the size-changing component 2030 can increase from a first diameter D1 in the first main body arrangement 2036 to a second diameter D2 in the second main body arrangement 2036'. When the supplied energy undergoes a second change opposite to the first change, the diameter of the size-changing component 2030 can shrink from the first diameter D1 in the first main body arrangement 2036 to a third diameter D3 in the third main body arrangement 2036'. Changing the size or other dimensions of the size-changing component 2030 can cause the flexible fabric 2000 to deform, for example, by changing the stiffness of the flexible fabric 2000.

[0096] In some examples, the dimensional change component 2030 may be formed of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion. In examples where the dimensional change component 2030 changes size in response to thermal energy supplied to it, the dimensional change component may include a material with a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than about 20 °C, greater than about 30 °C, greater than about 50 °C, greater than about 100 °C, etc. The expansion and contraction of the dimensional change component 2030 may be configured to cause deformation of the flexible surface 2004. For example, applying energy to the dimensional change component 2030 in some portions of the flexible fabric 2000 may cause the dimensional change component 2030 in those portions to expand and may make those portions stiffer. Stopping the application of energy to the dimensional change component 2030 in some portions of the flexible fabric 2000 may cause the dimensional change component 2030 in those portions to contract and may make those portions softer. In some examples, applying energy and stopping the application of energy may cause the dimensional change component to contract and expand, respectively.

[0097] Each of the dimensional changing components 2030 may have a first end 2032, which may be fixed to or otherwise attached to a base. The dimensional changing component 2030 may have a second end 2034, which is a free end opposite to the first end 2032. The dimensional changing component 2030 may be configured to switch between a first configuration and a second configuration upon application of energy. FIG. 20A to FIG. 20D In the example, the transformation of the dimensional change component 2030 can cause the second end 2034 to move relative to the fabric region 2008. The movement of the second end 2034 relative to the fabric region 2008 can be configured to cause deformation of the flexible surface 2004.

[0098] refer to FIG. 20CThe diagram illustrates a size-changing component 2030 associated with a base 2040 and an energy source 2045. The size-changing component 2030 may be connected to the base 2040 at a first end 2032. The energy source 2045 may be coupled to the base 2040 and / or the size-changing component 2030 and may be operable to supply energy to the size-changing component 2030. For example, the size-changing component 2030 may be or include a size-changing component that changes its diameter or similar size upon exposure to heat, light, electrical stimulation, etc. The energy source 2045 may include a heat source, a light source, a power source, etc., configured to supply energy to the size-changing component 2030 and cause the size-changing component 2030 to change size.

[0099] exist FIG. 20C In the configuration, the dimensional change component 2030 is shown having a first main body arrangement 2038. For example, in the first main body arrangement 2038, the dimensional change component 2030 may extend significantly from and protrude from the base 2040. The first main body arrangement 2038 may correspond to a state of the actuation assembly 2020 in which the dimensional change component 2030 receives energy from the energy source 2045. FIG. 20C A second main body arrangement 2038' and a third main body arrangement 2038" are also shown. The second main body arrangement 2038' and the third main body arrangement 2038" may correspond to a configuration of the size-changing component 2030 in which the size-changing component 2030 receives less energy or no energy from the energy source 2045. In this respect, the size-changing component 2030 may be configured to change between a series of configurations and dimensions between the first main body arrangement 2038 and the third main body arrangement 2038" based on the amount of energy received from the energy source 2045. In some examples, the size-changing component 2030 may operate in reverse, such that the third main body arrangement 2038" corresponds to a configuration in which the size-changing component 2030 receives energy from the energy source 2045, while the second main body arrangement 2038' and the first main body arrangement 2038 correspond to configurations in which the size-changing component 2030 receives less energy or no energy from the energy source 2045.

[0100] Introducing energy or heat into the size-changing component 2030 can cause it to exhibit an increased diameter Δd. This increased diameter Δd can be at least 110%, at least 130%, at least 150%, etc., of the initial diameter di. The value of the increased diameter Δd can be based in part on the amount of energy added to the size-changing component 2030. For example, in a first case, energy source 2045 can introduce a first amount of energy into the size-changing component 2030 to increase its diameter by a first amount. In a second case, energy source 2045 can introduce a second (larger) amount of energy into the size-changing component 2030 to increase its diameter by a second (larger) amount.

[0101] In some examples, the dimensionally variable component 2030 can be formed from any of the aforementioned malleable materials, such as referenced in [reference]. FIG. 6 to FIG. 9C The malleable materials discussed. For example, such as... FIG. 20D As shown, the dimensional change component 2030 may include a plurality of malleable materials 2033 arranged to form the dimensional change component 2030. Changing the shape of the malleable materials 2033 (e.g., by changing the energy supplied to the malleable materials 2033) can change the tension in the dimensional change component 2030 and can change the size of the dimensional change component 2030. More specifically, changing the energy supplied to the malleable materials 2033 can change the shape of the malleable materials 2033 from a first shape to a second shape, thereby changing the size of the dimensional change component 2030 from a first size to a second size.

[0102] In some examples, the dimensionally changing component 2030 in the actuation assembly 2020 may be replaced by a phase change polymer or other phase change materials (collectively referred to as phase change materials or PCMs). Phase change materials can be manipulated by receiving thermal energy. The phase change material can be heated using Joule heating or a similar method to change its phase state. In some examples, the phase change material can change from a solid to a liquid state when receiving heat, and can change from a liquid to a solid state when the heat reception stops. Therefore, applying thermal energy to the phase change material in some portions of the flexible fabric 2000 can soften or make those portions less rigid. Removing thermal energy from the phase change material in some portions of the flexible fabric 2000 can harden or make those portions more rigid.

[0103] FIG. 21A and FIG. 21BAn example of a sealable sleep system 2100 is illustrated. The sealable sleep system 2100 may implement an adaptive actuation system (such as those described above) to control one or more characteristics of the mattress based on user conditions. The sealable sleep system 2100 may be adapted to facilitate an immersive sleep experience. For example, the sealable sleep system 2100 may include a chamber 2102 defining a sleep volume 2104. The sleep volume 2104 may provide environmental effects 2106, such as light, smell, sound, etc. The chamber 2102 may include a door 2108 or other sealable hatch cover, and the environmental effects 2106 may also include specific gas concentrations, pressures, therapeutic gases (e.g., hallucinogens, other drugs, or medical treatments), etc. The sleep volume 2104 may be configured to hold the mattress 2120 and the user 2110 within it. The shape of the chamber 2102 may be a basic sphere, egg-shaped, cylindrical, circular, rectangular, or any other suitable form. The capsule 2102 can form a sealable enclosed space around the user 2110. The mattress 2120 may include a sleeping surface 2122 configured to engage with the user 2110 in a lying position within the sleeping volume 2104. The mattress 2120 may include an adaptive actuation system 2130, such as any of the adaptive actuation systems described herein. FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B In the example, the adaptive actuation system 2130 is shown in a representative grid (represented by dashed lines). The adaptive actuation system 2130 can be configured to modify the sleep surface 2122 as described herein.

[0104] The sealable sleep system 2100 can be configured to detect the condition of the user 2110 and change one or more characteristics of the sleep experience in response to the condition of the user 2110. FIG. 21B A schematic diagram of a sealable sleep system 2100 is shown. FIG. 21B In the schematic diagram, user 2110 is shown engaged with sleep surface 2122 in a lying position. In this schematic diagram, actuation module 2132 is shown below sleep surface 2122. Actuation module 2132 may be substantially similar to... FIG. 2 Actuation module 208 and / or FIG. 11C The actuation module 1132 in the text will be omitted here for clarity. For example... FIG. 21BAs shown, the actuation module 2132 can be associated with the sensing module 2136 and the ambient emission module 2140. The sensing module 2136 can be configured to detect one or more conditions of the user 2110. For example, the sensing module 2136 can be configured to detect audible conditions of the user 2110, such as snoring or voice commands. The sensing module 2136 can also be configured to detect force and / or motion input from the user 2110, which can indicate changes in the user 2110's posture on the sleep surface 2122.

[0105] In some examples, sensing module 2136 can interface with one or more external devices to obtain additional information indicating the condition of user 2110. For example, sensing module 2136 can interface with user devices (such as smartphones, other electronic devices, etc.) to collect and acquire data related to user 2110's condition throughout the day. This data may include daily activities, blood oxygen levels, heart rate, diet, energy expenditure, environmental factors, and any other data related to user 2110's condition. Sensing module 2136 can interface with weather services to obtain local environmental data, such as the concentration of pollutants in the environment. Sensing module 2136 may include sensors for detecting brain waves, etc. Data collected by sensing module 2136 can be used to customize the sleep experience provided to user 2110.

[0106] Actuation module 2132 can be configured to receive signals from sensing module 2136 and alter one or more characteristics of sleep surface 2122. For example, actuation module 2132 can be configured to change the firmness of sleep surface 2122 according to user instructions. In some examples, actuation module 2132 can be configured to change or reposition user 2110, particularly, for example, reposition user 2110 to provide more support or firmness, and / or reposition user 2110 to alleviate sleep apnea events.

[0107] Alternatively, the environmental emission module 2140 may be configured to receive signals from the sensing module 2136 and alter one or more characteristics of the sleep volume 2104. For example, the environmental emission module 2140 may be configured to, based on the detected condition of the user 2110 (whether current condition or data related to the user 2110's daily activities), introduce certain odors into the sleep volume 2104, change the pressure within the sleep volume 2104, change the gaseous concentration in the sleep volume 2104, administer drugs or other treatments to the sleep volume 2104, etc. In some examples, the sealable sleep system 2100 may be a pressure chamber configured to implement hyperbaric oxygen therapy or similar treatments. In some examples, the sealable sleep system 2100 may be configured to provide the user 2110 with drugs or other treatments during sleep, such as micro-dose of hallucinogens to aid concentration, help with ADHD symptoms, etc. In some examples, the environmental emission module may manipulate the sleep or rest environment of the capsule 2102 to optimize the user 2110's brainwaves during sleep. Furthermore, the ambient emission module 2140 can be configured to introduce light, vibration, heat, and other environmental effects 2106 into the sleep volume 2104. In some cases, the actuation module 2132 can cooperate with the ambient emission module 2140 to produce a combined effect that alleviates the detected condition. As an example, the sensing module 2136 can detect excessive movement of the user 2110 associated with anxiety. The adaptive actuation system 2130 can adjust the firmness of the sleep surface 2122 and, in conjunction with the ambient emission module 2140, introduce pleasant scents and soothing sounds, which can promote restful sleep.

[0108] FIG. 22 An example of a sleep system 2200 is illustrated. The sleep system 2200 may implement an adaptive actuation system (such as those described above) to control one or more characteristics of the mattress based on user conditions. The sleep system 2200 may be adapted to facilitate an immersive sleep experience. For example, the sleep system 2200 may include a temperature control system 2250 and a mattress 2220 disposed on the temperature control system 2250. The mattress 2220 may be configured to hold a user 2210 thereon. The mattress 2220 may include a sleep or rest structure 2222 configured to engage the user 2210 in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. The mattress 2220 may include an adaptive actuation system 2230, such as any of the adaptive actuation systems described herein. FIG. 22 In the example, the adaptive actuation system 2230 is shown in a representative mesh (represented by dashed lines). The adaptive actuation system 2230 can be configured to modify the sleep or rest structure 2222, as described herein.

[0109] existFIG. 22 In the example, the actuation module 2232 is shown below the sleep or rest structure 2222. The actuation module 2232 can be substantially similar to FIG. 2 Actuation module 208 and / or FIG. 11C For clarity, the actuation module 1132 is omitted from the description here. The actuation module 2232 can be configured to receive signals from sensing modules, etc., and to alter one or more characteristics of the sleep or rest structure 2222. For example, the actuation module 2232 can be configured to change the firmness of the sleep or rest structure 2222 according to user instructions. In some examples, the actuation module 2232 can be configured to change the posture of the user 2210, or to readjust the posture of the user 2210, specifically, for example, to readjust the posture of the user 2210 to provide more support or firmness, and / or to readjust the posture of the user 2210 to alleviate sleep apnea events.

[0110] The temperature control system 2250 is illustrated as being arranged opposite to the user 2210 relative to the mattress 2220 and the adaptive actuation system 2230. In some examples, the temperature control system 2250 may be located between the mattress 2220 and the user 2210, between the adaptive actuation system 2230 and the mattress 2220, and so on. The temperature control system 2250 may include a fluid, and thermal energy may be supplied to the fluid to provide temperature control to the user 2210 via the sleep system 2200. In some examples, the adaptive actuation system 2230 may include one or more air bladders that may provide pressure and / or firmness control to the sleep or rest structure 2222.

[0111] Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, features for implementing functionality may also be physically arranged in various locations, including being distributed such that some of these functions are implemented in different physical locations. Furthermore, as used herein (including in the claims), “or” when used in a list of items led by “at least one of…” indicates a disjunctive list, such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A, or B, or C, or AB, or AC, or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Moreover, the term “exemplary” does not imply that the described examples are preferred or better than other examples.

[0112] The foregoing description uses specific terminology for illustrative purposes to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in practice do not require these specific details. Therefore, the foregoing description of the specific embodiments described herein is for illustrative and descriptive purposes only. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing teachings.

Claims

1. A rest or sleep system, comprising: A sleep or rest structure configured to engage a user in a sitting, prone, or semi-prone position. An actuation component configured to manipulate the sleep or rest structure, wherein the sleep or rest structure responds to energy supplied by the actuation component; as well as A room configured to manipulate the user’s sleep or rest environment by controlling at least one of vibration, light, sound or gas.

2. The rest or sleep system of claim 1, further comprising a sensing module configured to detect the user's brainwaves, wherein the room is configured to manipulate the sleep or rest environment in response to the brainwaves detected by the sensing module.

3. The rest or sleep system of claim 1, wherein the sleep room is further configured to provide gaseous medical treatment to the user.

4. The rest or sleep system of claim 1, wherein the actuation component includes a size-changing component, wherein the size-changing component is configured to change size in response to energy supplied to the size-changing component, and wherein the sleep or rest structure responds to the size of the size-changing component.

5. The rest or sleep system according to claim 4, wherein the dimensionally changing component comprises a material with a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than 20 / °C.

6. The rest or sleep system according to claim 4, wherein the size-changing component is spherical.

7. The rest or sleep system according to claim 4, wherein: The dimension-changing component has a free end; When the dimensionally changing component has a first dimension, the free end is in a first position; and When the dimension-changing component has a second dimension, the free end is in a second position.

8. A method for providing an immersive sleep experience, the method comprising: A flexible fabric is provided, which is configured to support the user in the sleep volume; The flexible fabric is deformed by manipulating the actuator; as well as Change at least one of the composition or pressure of the gas in the sleep volume.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein causing deformation of the flexible fabric comprises: By changing the energy supplied to the size-changing component, the size-changing component is transformed from a first size to a second size.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising detecting user input, wherein the user input includes data from a user's smart device, and wherein the transformation of the dimensional change component occurs in response to the detection of the user input.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the data includes one or more of daily activities, oxygen levels, heart rate, diet, energy expenditure, or environmental factors.

12. The method of claim 8, further comprising detecting user input, wherein the user input includes data from a user's smart device, and wherein at least one of a change in the composition of the gas in the sleep volume or the pressure of the gas occurs in response to the detection of the user input.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising detecting the user's brainwaves, wherein at least one of changing the composition of the gas or the pressure of the gas in the sleep volume occurs in response to detecting the user's brainwaves.

14. The method of claim 8, further comprising changing the thermal energy of the fluid supplied to the temperature control system to change the temperature of the flexible fabric.

15. The method of claim 8, further comprising supplying gaseous medical treatment to the sleep volume.

16. A mattress comprising: A sleep or rest structure configured to engage a user in a prone, semi-prone, or sitting position; as well as An actuation component configured to manipulate the sleep or rest structure, wherein the actuation component includes a size-changing component configured to change between a first size and a second size in response to receiving energy from an energy source, and wherein the sleep or rest structure responds to the size-changing component having the first size or the second size.

17. The mattress of claim 16, wherein the dimensional change component comprises a material with a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than 20 / °C.

18. The mattress according to claim 16, wherein: The energy source includes a heat source; The heat source is configured to emit heat, which is directed at the dimensionally changing component; and The size-changing component is configured to change from the first size to the second size when it receives heat from the heat source.

19. The mattress of claim 16, wherein the actuation assembly has a plurality of size-changing components including the size-changing component, wherein the size-changing component is spherical.

20. The mattress of claim 16, wherein the size-changing component comprises a plurality of malleable materials, wherein the malleable materials are configured to change from a first shape to a second shape upon receiving energy, so that the size-changing component changes from the first size to the second size.

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