Preparation method and application of super-hydrophobic antifouling coating with self-repairing function

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a super-hydrophobic antifouling coating with a self-repairing function, and belongs to the technical field of modification of self-repairing super-hydrophobic coatings of textiles. The method comprises the following steps: mixing boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, heating and stirring to completely dissolve the boric acid to obtain a mixed solution; and dropwise adding water into the mixed solution while heating and stirring, and then standing and reacting to form a B-O-Si covalent bond, thereby obtaining the super-hydrophobic antifouling coating material. After the fabric is subjected to immersion treatment by the super-hydrophobic antifouling coating material, a good dynamic hydrophobic effect is shown, the original air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric are hardly influenced, and compared with the original fabric, the air permeability is reduced by 1.9-6.6%, and the moisture permeability is reduced by 3.2-4.8%; after the super-hydrophobic antifouling coating fabric is worn and damaged by washing, the super-hydrophobic performance can be recovered under the condition of standing for 180 minutes or heating at 110 DEG C for 30 minutes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile self-healing superhydrophobic coating modification technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing and applying a superhydrophobic antifouling coating with self-healing function. Background Technology

[0002] Superhydrophobic coatings, prepared through surface treatment techniques, can impart excellent anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties to the surface, and such coatings have broad market demand. Currently, the micro-nano structures of traditional superhydrophobic self-healing fabrics are easily damaged after wear and washing, and the repair process is time-consuming or requires specific stimuli (such as heating), making them unsuitable for handling frequent daily damage. Furthermore, nanoparticles and dense coatings also compromise the fabric's breathability and comfort, with poor breathability being a common problem in superhydrophobic textiles. Therefore, balancing the durability, self-healing efficiency, wearing comfort, production cost, and environmental requirements of superhydrophobic textiles has become an urgent issue to be addressed.

[0003] Currently, there are many methods for preparing superhydrophobic coatings for textiles, such as: (1) mixing ultraviolet-responsive microcapsules with near-infrared-responsive carbon nanoparticles, hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, and aqueous silicone emulsion to prepare an environmentally friendly self-healing superhydrophobic coating; (2) mixing dynamic silicone polymers and silica nanoparticles to prepare a repairable superhydrophobic coating; (3) dynamically crosslinking hydroxyl-terminated PDMS with boric acid at high temperature to form BO bonds, and then uniformly dispersing the micro- and nanoparticles in the mixed solution by ultrasonic treatment to prepare a superhydrophobic coating. Although the superhydrophobic coatings obtained by the above preparation methods have excellent superhydrophobic and self-healing properties, there are still many problems: (1) it is necessary to introduce exogenous substances. , The surface rough structure is constructed by micro-nano particles, which has high preparation cost and low yield. At the same time, the nanoparticles have weak bonding force with the matrix and are easy to fall off during friction and block the fiber gaps, resulting in a serious decrease in the air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric. (2) The reaction system of boric acid and hydroxyl-terminated organosilicon reacts too fast, making it difficult to achieve uniform mixing in the process, which easily leads to local agglomeration and loss of active groups, affecting the uniformity and stability of the hydrophobic coating. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention proposes a method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function and its application.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: First, this invention provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function, comprising the following steps: S1. Boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane (ODTES) are mixed and heated and stirred until the boric acid is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. While heating and stirring the mixed solution obtained in step S1, water is added dropwise. Then, the mixture is allowed to stand and react to form BO-Si covalent bonds, thus obtaining a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, the ratio of boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane is 0.05-0.65g: 0.6-0.9mL: 4-6mL.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the ratio of boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane is 0.14-0.65g: 0.7-0.8mL: 4.5-5.5mL.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1: the heating temperature is 65-75℃, the stirring rate is 240-260 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-1.5 h.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2: the heating temperature is 65-75℃, and the stirring rate is 240-260 rpm.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the process of adding water drop by drop continues for 3-4 hours.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2: after the step of adding water dropwise is completed, the system is heated to 78-82℃, stirred for 55-65 minutes, then the stirring is stopped, and the system is allowed to stand at 78-82℃ for 110-130 minutes to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of boric acid, ethanol, n-octadecyltriethoxysilane and water is 0.05-0.65g: 0.6-0.9mL: 4-6mL: 80-120μL.

[0013] Secondly, this invention provides a method for preparing a self-healing superhydrophobic and antifouling coating. The application of the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material in the surface modification of solid materials includes the following steps: (1) Add n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse it in solid material for more than 12 hours; (2) After the solid material is removed, it is washed with hexane and then dried in air to obtain a solid material with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating on its surface.

[0014] Preferably, the solid material is a breathable fabric, and the solid material with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating is a breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating. After being worn or damaged by washing, the breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating can restore its superhydrophobic properties after being left to stand for 180 min or heated at 110 °C for 30 min.

[0015] Preferably, the solid material is a breathable fabric, and the solid material with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating is a breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating. The breathable and moisture permeability properties of the breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating are characterized. Compared with the original breathable fabric, the breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating has a decrease in air permeability of 1.9-6.6% and a decrease in moisture permeability of 3.2-4.8%.

[0016] Preferably, the breathable fabric is cotton or polyester.

[0017] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention uses n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, whose long-chain alkyl structure can effectively repel water molecules and can directly provide the required low surface energy, thus providing conditions for the subsequent preparation of superhydrophobic coatings; (2) In this invention, boric acid is first mixed with n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, and then water is used to trigger the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of n-octadecyltriethoxysilane. Finally, it is cross-linked with boric acid to form dynamic BO-Si bonds to obtain dynamic organosilicon polymer. This completely avoids the use of exogenous particles and has a low preparation cost. In addition, by mixing first and then triggering hydrolysis, the homogenization control of the reaction process is achieved, ensuring the full utilization of active hydroxyl groups and significantly improving the uniformity and stability of the superhydrophobic coating material. (3) The fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating prepared by the present invention exhibits good dynamic hydrophobic effect. While improving the stability, durability and self-healing performance of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coated fabric, it hardly affects the original breathability and moisture permeability of the fabric. Therefore, the coating material prepared by the present invention effectively balances the functionality and comfort of textiles, providing key guarantees for their application in the field of actual wear. (4) The fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating prepared in this invention can recover its superhydrophobic properties after being worn or washed and damaged, by standing for 180 min or heating at 110 °C for 30 min. The air permeability and moisture permeability of the fabric with the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating were characterized. Compared with the original breathable fabric, the air permeability of the fabric with the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating decreased by only 1.9-6.6%, and the moisture permeability decreased by only 3.2-4.8%. (5) The preparation method provided by the present invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, environmental friendliness and large-scale production. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The reaction mechanism for preparing the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material of this invention; Figure 2 The variation of the coating contact angle of the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabrics prepared by adding different amounts of boric acid in this invention; Figure 3 SEM images of the coating formed on the surface of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) shows a magnification of 50 μm and (b) shows a magnification of 10 μm; Figure 4 The graph shows the change in the coating contact angle of the coated cotton fabrics prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this invention with the number of washes. Figure 5 The change in the contact angle of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present invention after friction cycle treatment; Figure 6 The changes in the contact angle of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present invention after different cycles of acid treatment; Figure 7 The changes in the contact angle of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present invention after different cycles of alkali treatment; Figure 8 The superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention was coated onto the surface of a silicon wafer by an impregnation method to form a coating. The SEM images of the damage repair experiment carried out to verify its self-healing ability are shown. Among them, (a) shows the SEM image of the coated silicon wafer after scratch treatment, and (b) shows the SEM image of the coated silicon wafer after self-healing. Figure 9 The photos show the wear repair experiment conducted to verify the self-healing ability of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention after it was coated on the surface of a fabric by impregnation. Among them, (a) shows a photo of water droplets on the worn fabric, and (b) shows a photo of water droplets on the self-healing fabric. Figure 10 The superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material prepared in Example 1 of this invention was coated onto the surface of different fabrics by an impregnation method to form a coating, and the air permeability was compared with that of the original fabric. Figure 11 The superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material prepared in Example 1 of this invention was coated onto the surface of different fabrics by an impregnation method to form a coating, and the moisture permeability was compared with that of the original fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, the reaction mechanism for preparing the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material of the present invention is as follows: First, n-octadecyltriethoxysilane is hydrolyzed to generate three silanol (Si-OH) groups. The silanol groups generated by hydrolysis undergo a condensation reaction to form silicon-oxygen bonds (Si-O-Si). Subsequently, the silicon-oxygen bonds undergo a cross-linking reaction with boric acid to form dynamic BO-Si bonds, thereby obtaining a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material with self-healing effect.

[0020] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function, comprising the following steps: S1. Boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane are mixed and heated and stirred until the boric acid is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. While heating and stirring the mixed solution obtained in step S1, water is added dropwise to hydrolyze octadecyltriethoxysilane to generate 3 silanol (Si-OH) groups. The silanol groups generated by hydrolysis undergo a condensation reaction to form silicon-oxygen bonds (Si-O-Si). Subsequently, the silicon-oxygen bonds undergo a cross-linking reaction with boric acid to form dynamic BO-Si bonds, thus obtaining a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material with self-healing effect.

[0021] Adding hexane to the aforementioned superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, followed by impregnation of the fabric, results in a superhydrophobic and antifouling coated fabric exhibiting excellent dynamic hydrophobicity. This improves the stability, durability, and self-healing properties of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating while almost completely preserving the fabric's original breathability and moisture permeability. Furthermore, after being damaged by abrasion or washing, the superhydrophobic properties of the superhydrophobic coated fabric can be restored by allowing it to stand for 180 minutes or heating it at 110 °C for 30 minutes.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents used in the embodiments of the present invention are obtained through conventional commercial means.

[0023] In the following examples, cotton 1 has a yarn count of 21S, a thickness of 0.5mm, and is undyed; cotton 2 has a yarn count of 21S, a thickness of 0.2mm, and is dyed.

[0024] Example 1 Preparation of superhydrophobic and antifouling coatings: (1) Mix 0.148g B(OH)3, 5mL n-octadecyltriethoxysilane (ODTES) with 0.78mL EtOH and stir at 70℃ and 250rpm for 1.5 h to completely dissolve boric acid and obtain a mixed solution; (2) The mixed solution obtained in step (1) is heated and stirred at 70°C and 250 rpm. During the process, 100 μL of water is slowly added dropwise to the system for 3.5 h. Then, the entire solution is heated to 80°C and stirred for 1 h. After stirring, the solution is allowed to stand at 80°C for 120 min to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0025] application: (1) Add 50 mL of n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse cotton fabric in it for more than 12 hours; (2) After taking out the cotton fabric, wash it three times with hexane and then dry it in the air to obtain a superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric (i.e., a cotton fabric with a superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating on the surface).

[0026] Example 2 Preparation of superhydrophobic and antifouling coatings: (1) Mix 0.091g B(OH)3, 5mL n-octadecyltriethoxysilane and 0.78mL EtOH, and stir at 65℃ and 260rpm for 1.5 h to completely dissolve boric acid and obtain a mixed solution; (2) The mixed solution obtained in step (1) was heated and stirred at 65°C and 260 rpm. During the process, 100 μL of water was slowly added dropwise to the system for 3.5 h. Then, the entire solution was heated to 80°C and stirred for 1 h. After stirring, the solution was allowed to stand at 80°C for 120 min to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0027] application: (1) Add 50 mL of n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse cotton fabric in it for more than 12 hours; (2) After taking out the cotton fabric, wash it three times with hexane and then dry it in the air to obtain a superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric.

[0028] Example 3 Preparation of superhydrophobic and antifouling coatings: (1) Mix 0.322g B(OH)3, 5mL n-octadecyltriethoxysilane and 0.78mL EtOH, and stir at 75℃ and 240rpm for 1.5 h to completely dissolve boric acid and obtain a mixed solution; (2) The mixed solution obtained in step (1) was heated and stirred at 75°C and 240 rpm. During the process, 100 μL of water was slowly added dropwise to the system for 3.5 h. Then, the entire solution was heated to 80°C and stirred for 1 h. After stirring was stopped, the mixture was allowed to stand at 80°C for 120 min to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0029] application: (1) Add 50 mL of n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse cotton fabric in it for more than 12 hours; (2) After taking out the cotton fabric, wash it three times with hexane and then dry it in the air to obtain a superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric.

[0030] Example 4 Preparation of superhydrophobic and antifouling coatings: (1) Mix 0.478g B(OH)3, 5mL n-octadecyltriethoxysilane and 0.78mL EtOH, and stir at 65℃ and 260rpm for 1.5 h to completely dissolve boric acid and obtain a mixed solution; (2) The mixed solution obtained in step (1) was heated and stirred at 65°C and 260 rpm. During the process, 100 μL of water was slowly added dropwise to the system for 3.5 h. Then, the entire solution was heated to 80°C and stirred for 1 h. After stirring, the solution was allowed to stand at 80°C for 120 min to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0031] application: (1) Add 50 mL of n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse cotton fabric in it for more than 12 hours; (2) After taking out the cotton fabric, wash it three times with hexane and then dry it in the air to obtain a superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric.

[0032] Example 5 Preparation of superhydrophobic and antifouling coatings: (1) Mix 0.644 g B(OH)3, 5 mL n-octadecyltriethoxysilane and 0.78 mL EtOH, and stir at 75 °C and 240 rpm for 1.5 h to completely dissolve boric acid and obtain a mixed solution; (2) The mixed solution obtained in step (1) was heated and stirred at 75°C and 240 rpm. During the process, 100 μL of water was slowly added dropwise to the system for 3.5 h. Then, the entire solution was heated to 80°C and stirred for 1 h. After stirring was stopped, the mixture was allowed to stand at 80°C for 120 min to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

[0033] application: (1) Add 50 mL of n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse cotton fabric in it for more than 12 hours; (2) After taking out the cotton fabric, wash it three times with hexane and then dry it in the air to obtain a superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 (1) Add 2 μL of octadecyltriethoxysilane and 20 μL of water to 1 mL of n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, immediately place it on a 3000 rpm vortex mixer for 10 s, then sonicate it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10 s, and perform another round of vortex mixing for 10 s to obtain an emulsion. (2) Transfer 500 μL of the emulsion obtained in step (1) to a 20 mL vial; after standing for 2 h, add 10 mL of n-hexane to the vial, and then soak cotton fabric in it for more than 12 h. (3) After taking out the cotton fabric, wash it three times with hexane and then dry it in the air to obtain the treated coated cotton fabric.

[0035] Hydrophobic property characterization The hydrophobic properties of the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabrics prepared in Examples 1-5 were characterized, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the changes in the contact angle of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coated cotton fabric prepared by adding different amounts of boric acid were tested, with Example 1 corresponding to... Figure 2 The point where the boric acid content is 3.2% (3.2% refers to the mass percentage of boric acid in the total amount of boric acid, n-octadecyltriethoxysilane, and water, where the density of n-octadecyltriethoxysilane is 0.87 g / cm³) is taken as the ...). 3 The density of water is 1 g / cm³. 3 Example 2 corresponds to 2.0%, Example 3 corresponds to 7.0%, Example 4 corresponds to 10.4%, and Example 5 corresponds to 14.0%. Figure 2 The test results show that the contact angle of the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 (i.e., with a boric acid content of 3.2%) is about 157°, and the hydrophobic effect is the best.

[0036] epimorphological characteristics The superhydrophobic and antifouling coating formed on the surface of the cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 was characterized by SEM. Figure 3 As can be seen from the SEM images, the coating surface of the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 is clearly covered with nanoparticles, exhibiting a unique rough structure.

[0037] Durability performance characterization (1) Washing experiment The hydrophobic stability of the coated cotton fabrics prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was tested using the washing method of a household twin-tub washing machine in the national standard GB / T 20944.3-2008. The coated cotton fabrics were subjected to a water-resistant washing treatment using a household drum washing machine. During the experiment, 20g of the sample, 180g of accompanying fabric, 12g of detergent (AATCC 1993 WOB phosphate-free standard detergent), and 6L of water (40±3℃) were washed in the washing machine for 25 minutes. After draining, the fabric was rinsed with 6L of tap water for 2 minutes, centrifuged for 1 minute, and then rinsed again with 6L of tap water for 2 minutes. This process was repeated multiple times, and the change in the contact angle of the cotton fabric coating was measured.

[0038] Figure 4 The graph shows the change in the contact angle of the coated cotton fabric with the number of washes before and after the addition of boric acid. In the graph, B / ODTES-H represents the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 (i.e., with boric acid added), and ODTES-H represents the coated cotton fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 (i.e., without boric acid added). Analysis of the test results shows that after adding boric acid, the cotton fabric exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity in the initial state, with a water contact angle of 157.7°. Even after 10 wash cycles, its water contact angle remains stable, and after 30 wash cycles, it remains above 150°, with a loss of only 4.5%, demonstrating excellent superhydrophobic durability.

[0039] (2) Friction test The superhydrophobic and antifouling coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 was placed on sandpaper, and a 50g weight was placed on the coated cotton fabric. One rubbing cycle was 50cm of friction under this pressure. After every 20 wear cycles, the change in the water contact angle on the surface of the coated cotton fabric was measured and recorded to evaluate the superhydrophobic durability of the fabric. Figure 5 As can be seen, the WCA (water droplet carbon) of the cotton fabric changed significantly before and after 20 cycles of sandpaper abrasion. After abrasion, the hydrophobicity decreased, and the WCA dropped to 108.6±3. However, the superhydrophobicity was restored after 30 minutes of heating. Subsequent abrasion and heating cycles caused a slight decrease in WCA, but the cotton fabric still maintained effective superhydrophobicity. Notably, even after 100 abrasion cycles, the water droplets maintained a spherical shape and the WCA was as high as 152.4±3, with a loss of only 3.4%. This indicates that the coated cotton fabric has strong mechanical stability.

[0040] (3) Acid-base tolerance test The superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 was subjected to acid and alkali resistance testing. This involved dripping 10 μL of NaOH solution (pH=13) and hydrochloric acid solution (pH=1) onto the surface of the coated cotton fabric for 30 min, followed by rinsing with deionized water and drying, constituting one cycle. Multiple cycles were repeated at the same location, and the change in the water contact angle on the cotton fabric surface was measured and recorded to evaluate the superhydrophobic durability of the cotton fabric. Figure 6 , Figure 7 As can be seen, after 10 acid-base cycles, the WCA value of the cotton fabric remained at a high level, reaching 151.6 (only 3.8% loss) and 151.8 (only 3.7% loss) respectively.

[0041] Mechanical wear and washing can damage the superhydrophobicity, mainly because the breakage of BO bonds exposes polar groups on the fabric surface. The self-healing process can be completed at room temperature, but it takes a long time (usually 180 minutes). However, raising the temperature to 110°C and holding it for 30 minutes can restore the property.

[0042] Self-healing performance characterization To characterize the self-healing properties of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating prepared in Example 1, such as... Figure 8 As shown, after the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material was applied to the surface of a silicon wafer using an immersion method, scratches were made on the coated silicon wafer with a knife approximately 200 μm wide (e.g., Figure 8 As shown in (a), after standing for 180 minutes or heating at 110°C for 30 minutes, it can still heal to its original state (as shown in the figure). Figure 8 As shown in (b), the exchange of BO-Si bonds dynamically rearranges the network interactions, indicating that dynamic covalent bonds can repair physical defects. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 was tested before and after self-healing, as shown in... Figure 9 As shown, the cotton fabric still exhibits excellent superhydrophobic properties after suffering severe wear and tear, thanks to its self-healing characteristics.

[0043] Breathability / Moisture Performance Characterization To characterize the breathability and moisture permeability of the fabric, cotton and polyester fabrics were selected, and superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coated fabrics were prepared according to the preparation method of Example 1. The original fabric was used as a control for characterization.

[0044] Breathability was characterized using an FX3300IV breathability tester, in accordance with GB / T 5453 standard. Figure 10As shown (unmodified refers to fabrics that have not undergone impregnation treatment, i.e., the original fabric; B / ODTES-H refers to fabrics impregnated with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material prepared in Example 1), the air permeability of the original cotton 1 fabric was 59.4 mm / s, and after impregnation with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material, the air permeability of the fabric was 57 mm / s, a decrease of only 4.3%. The air permeability of the original cotton 2 fabric was 392.33 mm / s, and after impregnation with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material, the air permeability of the fabric was 385 mm / s, a decrease of only 1.9%. The air permeability of the original polyester fabric was 3370 mm / s, and after impregnation with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material, the air permeability of the fabric was 3146.67 mm / s, a decrease of only about 6.6%.

[0045] The moisture permeability was characterized according to the national standard GB / T 12704.2-2009. Under the experimental conditions of temperature (38±2)℃ and relative humidity (50±2)%, the results were obtained after 1 hour of testing. Figure 11 Results: The moisture permeability of the original cotton 1 fabric was 133.902 g / (m²·h), while after impregnation with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material, the moisture permeability of the fabric was 129.552 g / (m²·h), a decrease of only about 3.2%; the moisture permeability of the original cotton 2 fabric was 157.245 g / (m²·h), while after impregnation with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material, the moisture permeability of the fabric was 151.940 g / (m²·h), a decrease of only about 3.4%; the moisture permeability of the original polyester fabric was 110.135 g / (m²·h), while after impregnation with the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material, the moisture permeability of the fabric was 104.830 g / (m²·h), a decrease of only about 4.8%.

[0046] In summary, the superhydrophobic and stain-resistant coating material prepared by this invention successfully imparts excellent superhydrophobic properties to cotton and polyester fabrics while almost completely preserving their original breathability and moisture permeability. This demonstrates that the coating material prepared by this invention effectively balances the functionality and comfort of textiles, providing crucial assurance for their application in practical wearable applications.

[0047] For any parts not mentioned in the above embodiments, existing technologies can be adopted or referenced.

[0048] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane are mixed and heated and stirred until the boric acid is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. While heating and stirring the mixed solution obtained in step S1, water is added dropwise. Then, the mixture is allowed to stand and react to form BO-Si covalent bonds, thus obtaining a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

2. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the ratio of boric acid, ethanol and n-octadecyltriethoxysilane is 0.05-0.65g: 0.6-0.9mL: 4-6mL.

3. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1: the heating temperature is 65-75℃, the stirring rate is 240-260 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-1.5h.

4. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2: the heating temperature is 65-75℃, and the stirring rate is 240-260 rpm.

5. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2: the process of adding water drop by drop continues for 3-4 hours.

6. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2: After the dropwise addition of water is completed, the system temperature is adjusted to 78-82℃, and stirring is continued for 55-65 minutes. Then, stirring is stopped, and the mixture is allowed to stand at 78-82℃ for 110-130 minutes to obtain the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material.

7. The method for preparing a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating with self-healing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of boric acid, ethanol, n-octadecyltriethoxysilane and water is 0.05-0.65g: 0.6-0.9mL: 4-6mL: 80-120μL.

8. The application of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material prepared by the method for preparing a self-healing superhydrophobic and antifouling coating as described in any one of claims 1-7 in the surface modification of solid materials, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Add n-hexane to the prepared superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material, and then immerse it in solid material for more than 12 hours; (2) After the solid material is removed, it is washed with hexane and then dried in air to obtain a solid material with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating on its surface.

9. The application of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material according to claim 8 in the surface modification of solid materials, characterized in that, The solid material is a breathable fabric, and the solid material with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating is a breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating. After being worn or damaged by washing, the breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating can restore its superhydrophobic properties after being left to stand for 180 minutes or heated at 110 ℃ for 30 minutes.

10. The application of the superhydrophobic and antifouling coating material according to claim 8 in the surface modification of solid materials, characterized in that, The solid material is a breathable fabric, and the solid material with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating is a breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating. The breathability and moisture permeability of the breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating are characterized. Compared with the original breathable fabric, the breathability of the breathable fabric with a superhydrophobic and antifouling coating is reduced by 1.9-6.6%, and the moisture permeability is reduced by 3.2-4.8%.

Images