A gear clamp for internal gear ring turning

Abstract

This application relates to an internal gear ring turning fixture, comprising a fixture body, a clamping mechanism, and an integrated cleaning oil circuit. The fixture body includes a base, a support, and a first transition plate disposed between the two. The base is mounted and fixed to the machine tool worktable and rotates with it. The support has a positioning surface for positioning the workpiece. The integrated cleaning oil circuit is built into and runs through the base, the first transition plate, and the support, forming interconnected oil passages. The inlet of the integrated cleaning oil circuit is connected to the central oil supply hole of the worktable, and the outlet is a plurality of spray holes disposed on the support and facing its positioning surface. The plurality of spray holes on the support are evenly distributed around its circumference. This structure can form a ring-shaped cleaning oil curtain covering the entire positioning surface, effectively washing away iron filings and burrs adhering to the positioning surface of the support, realizing the self-cleaning function of the fixture, reducing the scrap rate of parts and the labor intensity of manual cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of clamps, and in particular to a clamp for turning internal gear rings. Background Technology

[0002] The related technology of gear-turning clamping robot arm loading and unloading involves placing the workpiece on the backing positioning end face of the positioning seat and clamping the workpiece. The internal air hole is connected to the air detection hole of the machine tool worktable to detect whether the workpiece is close to the backing end face. After the end face air detection passes, gear turning is performed.

[0003] The above-mentioned fixture has the following problems: After gear turning, some iron filings often adhere to the back end face. Due to the fully automated operation, after the robot arm takes out the machined workpiece and puts in the unmachined workpiece for clamping, the workpiece is not close to the back end face due to the iron filings on the back end face, and the end face air detector alarm cannot proceed to the next gear turning step. Manual intervention is required to remove the workpiece. At this time, the end face of the workpiece has been marked by iron filings and burrs. Parts with heavy damage should be scrapped, while parts with minor damage can be reused after manual polishing. Moreover, the iron filings are still retained on the back end face, requiring frequent machine stops for manual cleaning. This not only makes automation impossible but also increases the labor intensity of front-line workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to better remove iron filings and burrs from the back face and reduce the scrap rate of parts, this application provides an internal gear ring turning fixture.

[0005] The technical solution for an internal gear ring turning fixture provided in this application is as follows:

[0006] An internal gear ring turning fixture includes a fixture body, a clamping mechanism and an integrated cleaning oil circuit. The fixture body includes a base, a backrest and a first transition plate disposed between the two. The base is installed and fixed on the machine tool worktable and rotates with it. The backrest has a positioning surface for positioning the workpiece.

[0007] The clamping mechanism is disposed on the fixture body and is used to clamp the workpiece;

[0008] The integrated cleaning oil circuit is built into and runs through the base, the first transition plate and the backing, forming interconnected oil channels; the inlet of the integrated cleaning oil circuit is connected to the central oil supply hole of the workbench, and the outlet is a plurality of spray holes located on the backing and facing its positioning surface. The plurality of spray holes on the backing are evenly distributed around its circumference, and the diameter of the spray holes is smaller than the diameter of the oil channel.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, after the gear machining is completed or before the next workpiece is clamped, the high-pressure cleaning oil can flow through the central oil supply hole of the machine tool table, through the integrated cleaning oil circuit connected to the base, the first transition plate, and the backing, and finally be sprayed out at high speed from multiple small spray holes evenly distributed circumferentially on the backing positioning surface. This structure can form a ring-shaped cleaning oil curtain covering the entire positioning surface. Compared with air jet cleaning, oil can more effectively remove and wash away the iron filings and burrs attached to the backing positioning surface, fundamentally avoiding the problem of workpiece damage or air detection alarm caused by iron filings residue. It realizes the self-cleaning function of the fixture, ensures the continuity and stability of fully automated production, and significantly reduces the scrap rate of parts and the labor intensity of manual cleaning.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a gas detection mechanism and a pre-inspection mechanism. The gas detection mechanism includes an integrated gas circuit and a sealing component. The integrated gas circuit is built into and runs through the base, the first transition plate, and the backing, forming a gas channel that is independent of and not connected to the integrated cleaning oil circuit. The inlet of the integrated gas circuit is connected to the central air hole of the worktable, and the outlet is a plurality of gas detection holes located on the back side of the workpiece positioning surface of the backing. The plurality of gas detection holes on the backing are evenly distributed around its circumference. The sealing component is set at the gas detection holes and normally closes the gas detection holes, only removing them when an airtightness test is required.

[0011] The pre-inspection mechanism includes a drive assembly and at least two fan-shaped detection blocks. The detection blocks are made of a material with a hardness higher than that of the workpiece material. The detection blocks slide on the backrest in an inclined direction. The drive assembly drives multiple detection blocks to switch between a detection state and an avoidance state. The detection blocks have fan-shaped detection surfaces.

[0012] When multiple detection blocks are in the detection state, the multiple detection blocks slide to their detection surfaces and splice together to form a complete annular detection reference surface, which is in close contact with the workpiece positioning surface of the backing; when multiple detection blocks are in the avoidance state, the detection blocks slide to the periphery of the workpiece clamping area, and the spray range of the spray hole can cover the detection surface.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the workpiece is processed and removed, the gas detection mechanism and the pre-inspection mechanism are activated. The drive component drives multiple high-hardness detection blocks to slide and splice into a complete annular detection reference surface, which is tightly abutted against the cleaned backing positioning surface. This splicing action simulates the state of the ideal workpiece end face. The sealing part removes the gas detection hole, and the gas detection hole detects the annular detection reference surface. If there are no impurities such as iron filings or burrs, the gas detection is qualified. If there are impurities such as iron filings or burrs, the gas detection is unqualified, and the system needs to clean the positioning surface again. This provides early warning and removes impurities before the workpiece is actually clamped, aiming to achieve a zero scrap rate for the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing component includes a first spring and a plug adapted to the air detection hole. The end of the plug near the positioning surface has a first stepped surface and a second stepped surface formed sequentially in the direction towards the positioning surface. A through hole is opened on the first stepped surface, and a sealing sheet is covered on the second stepped surface. The two ends of the first spring abut against the bottom wall of the air detection hole and the plug, respectively. When the plug blocks the air detection hole, the surface of the plug is flush with the positioning surface.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing component uses a spring-push stepped plug structure. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of the first spring pushes the plug, causing the sealing plate on its second stepped surface to press tightly against the cover. At the same time, the first stepped surface abuts against the stepped wall of the air test hole, and the end face of the plug remains flush with the backing positioning surface. This seals the air test hole to prevent oil and iron filings from entering during machining, without affecting the flat clamping of the workpiece. When an airtightness test is required, air is drawn in through the central air hole of the machine tool table, overcoming the elastic force of the first spring to pull the plug away from the opening of the air test hole. The through hole on the first stepped surface then opens, enabling the air test.

[0016] Preferably, a groove is formed on the end face of the plug away from the positioning surface, and the end of the first spring away from the bottom wall of the air detection hole abuts against the bottom wall of the groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit position of the plug opening is limited, preventing excessive deformation of the first spring and extending the service life of the first spring.

[0018] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a first hole, a connecting frame, a sliding rod, and a second spring. The first hole is opened in the backrest along an inclined sliding direction parallel to the detection block. One end of the first hole is connected to an air passage, and the other end passes through the backrest. The sliding rod is sealed and slidably connected in the first hole, with one end of the sliding rod extending out of the first hole. The two ends of the connecting frame are respectively fixedly connected to the extended end of the sliding rod and the detection block by screws. The second spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the two ends of the second spring abut against the backrest and the connecting frame, respectively, for driving the detection block to move to an avoidance state.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive component cleverly utilizes the air pressure of the gas detection mechanism as a power source. When pre-inspection is required, the integrated air circuit draws in air, and the negative pressure of the gas acts on the end of the sliding rod, causing the sliding rod and the detection block connected by the connecting frame to overcome the elastic force of the second spring and slide into the detection position in an inclined direction. After the inspection is completed, the integrated air circuit returns to normal pressure, and under the restoring force of the second spring, the sliding rod drives the detection block to automatically return to the avoidance state.

[0020] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a second transition plate, a positioning seat, an expansion sleeve, and a moving assembly. The second transition plate is fixedly mounted on the first transition plate, and the positioning seat is fixedly mounted on the second transition plate. The expansion sleeve is located between the support and the positioning seat, and its outer side is provided with an inclined abutment surface that cooperates with the inner side of the positioning seat. The moving assembly is connected to the expansion sleeve and is used to drive the expansion sleeve to move along the axial direction of the support. The expansion sleeve is used to clamp the workpiece.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping mechanism drives the expansion sleeve to move axially, and utilizes the inclined contact surface on its outer side to cooperate with the inner side of the positioning seat to generate radial movement, thereby firmly clamping the workpiece from the inner ring. This expansion method has high centering accuracy and uniform and stable clamping force, and is particularly suitable for machining workpieces such as internal gear rings. It can effectively reduce deformation and ensure the accuracy of gear machining.

[0022] Preferably, the moving component includes a pull rod, a pull plate, an equalizing sleeve, and a connecting ring. The pull rod is arranged along the axis of the clamp body. The pull plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the pull rod. The two ends of the equalizing sleeve are respectively fixedly connected to the pull plate and the connecting ring. The first transition plate has a clearance hole for the equalizing sleeve to pass through. The expansion sleeve is threadedly connected to the connecting ring.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the moving component transmits the pulling force of the machine tool spindle or hydraulic cylinder to the expansion sleeve through the tie rod, pull plate, equal-height sleeve, and connecting ring. The entire drive connection structure has good rigidity, enabling smooth and accurate axial displacement of the expansion sleeve, thereby reliably controlling the clamping and releasing actions of the workpiece.

[0024] The main technical effects of this invention are reflected in the following aspects:

[0025] 1. After the gear turning is completed or before the next workpiece is clamped, the high-pressure cleaning oil can flow through the central oil supply hole of the machine tool table, through the integrated cleaning oil circuit that connects the base, the first transition plate, and the backrest, and finally be sprayed out at high speed from multiple small spray holes evenly distributed circumferentially on the backrest positioning surface. This structure can form a ring-shaped cleaning oil curtain covering the entire positioning surface. Compared with air jet cleaning, oil can more effectively remove and clean the iron filings and burrs attached to the backrest positioning surface, fundamentally avoiding the problem of workpiece damage or air detection alarm caused by iron filings. It realizes the self-cleaning function of the fixture, ensures the continuity and stability of fully automated production, and significantly reduces the scrap rate of parts and the labor intensity of manual cleaning.

[0026] 2. After the workpiece is processed and removed, the gas detection mechanism and the pre-inspection mechanism are activated. The drive component drives multiple high-hardness detection blocks to slide and splice into a complete annular detection reference surface, which is tightly abutted against the cleaned backing positioning surface. This splicing action simulates the state of the ideal workpiece end face. The sealing part moves away from the gas detection hole, and the gas detection hole detects the annular detection reference surface. If there are no impurities such as iron filings or burrs, the gas detection is qualified. If there are impurities such as iron filings or burrs, the gas detection is unqualified. The system needs to clean the positioning surface again, so as to provide early warning and remove impurities before the actual clamping of the workpiece, aiming to achieve a zero scrap rate of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the gear clamp according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of another section of the gear clamping fixture according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple detection blocks in the detection state according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple detection blocks in an avoidance state according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixture body; 11. Base; 12. Backrest; 121. Positioning surface; 13. First transition plate; 131. Clearance hole; 2. Clamping mechanism; 21. Second transition plate; 22. Positioning seat; 23. Expansion sleeve; 24. Pull rod; 25. Pulling plate; 27. Equal height sleeve; 28. Connecting ring; 3. Workpiece; 4. Integrated cleaning oil circuit; 41. Oil circuit channel; 42. Injection hole; 5. Air detection mechanism; 51. Integrated air circuit 511. Air passage; 512. Air inspection hole; 53. First spring; 54. Plug; 541. First stepped surface; 542. Second stepped surface; 543. Through hole; 544. Sealing plate; 545. Groove; 6. Pre-inspection mechanism; 61. Detection block; 611. Detection surface; 62. First hole; 63. Connecting frame; 64. Sliding rod; 65. Second spring; 7. Spacer; 71. First annular groove; 72. Second annular groove; 8. Dust cover. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 This application will be described in further detail to make the technical solution of this application easier to understand and master.

[0036] This application discloses a gear clamp for turning internal gear rings.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The internal gear ring turning fixture of this embodiment includes a fixture body 1, a clamping mechanism 2 and an integrated cleaning oil circuit 4. The fixture body 1 includes a base 11, a backrest 12 and a first transition plate 13 disposed between the two. The base 11 is installed and fixed on the machine tool worktable and rotates with it. The backrest 12 has a positioning surface 121 for positioning the workpiece 3.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 The clamping mechanism 2 is disposed on the fixture body 1 and is used to clamp the workpiece 3. The clamping mechanism 2 includes a second transition plate 21, a positioning seat 22, an expansion sleeve 23, and a moving assembly. The second transition plate 21 is fixedly disposed on the first transition plate 13, and the positioning seat 22 is fixedly disposed on the second transition plate 21. The expansion sleeve 23 is located between the backrest 12 and the positioning seat 22, and its outer side is provided with an inclined abutment surface that cooperates with the inner side of the positioning seat 22. The moving assembly is connected to the expansion sleeve 23 and is used to drive the expansion sleeve 23 to move along the axial direction of the backrest 12. The expansion sleeve 23 is used to clamp the workpiece 3.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The clamping mechanism 2 drives the expansion sleeve 23 to move axially, and uses its outer inclined abutment surface to cooperate with the inner side of the positioning seat 22 to generate radial movement, thereby firmly clamping the workpiece 3 from the inner ring. This expansion clamping method has high centering accuracy and uniform and stable clamping force, and is particularly suitable for machining workpieces 3 such as internal gear rings. It can effectively reduce deformation and ensure the accuracy of gear machining.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 The moving component includes a pull rod 24, a pull plate 25, an equalizing sleeve 27, and a connecting ring 28. The pull rod 24 is arranged along the axis of the clamp body 1. The pull plate 25 is coaxially fixedly connected to the pull rod 24. The two ends of the equalizing sleeve 27 are respectively fixedly connected to the pull plate 25 and the connecting ring 28. The first transition plate 13 has a clearance hole 131 for the equalizing sleeve 27 to pass through. The expansion sleeve 23 is threadedly connected to the connecting ring 28.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The moving component transmits the pulling force of the machine tool spindle or hydraulic cylinder to the expansion sleeve 23 through the pull rod 24, pull plate 25, equal height sleeve 27 and connecting ring 28. The entire drive connection structure has good rigidity and can realize the smooth and accurate axial displacement of the expansion sleeve 23, thereby reliably controlling the clamping and releasing action of the workpiece 3.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The integrated cleaning oil circuit 4 is built into and runs through the base 11, the first transition plate 13 and the backrest 12, forming an interconnected oil circuit channel 41. The inlet of the integrated cleaning oil circuit 4 is connected to the central oil supply hole of the workbench, and the outlet is a plurality of spray holes 42 located on the backrest 12 and facing its positioning surface 121. The plurality of spray holes 42 on the backrest 12 are evenly distributed around its circumference, and the diameter of the spray holes 42 is smaller than the diameter of the oil circuit channel 41.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 After the gear machining is completed or before the next workpiece 3 is clamped, the high-pressure cleaning oil can flow through the central oil supply hole of the machine tool worktable, through the integrated cleaning oil circuit 4 that connects the base 11, the first transition plate 13, and the backrest 12, and finally be sprayed out at high speed from multiple small spray holes 42 that are evenly distributed circumferentially on the positioning surface 121 of the backrest 12. This structure can form a ring-shaped cleaning oil curtain covering the entire positioning surface 121. Compared with air jet cleaning, oil can more effectively remove and clean the iron filings and burrs attached to the positioning surface 121 of the backrest 12, thus avoiding the problem of workpiece 3 being crushed or air detection alarms caused by iron filings. It realizes the self-cleaning function of the fixture, ensures the continuity and stability of fully automated production, and significantly reduces the scrap rate of parts and the labor intensity of manual cleaning.

[0044] Reference Figures 3-5 It also includes a gas detection mechanism 5 and a pre-inspection mechanism 6. The gas detection mechanism 5 includes an integrated gas path 51 and a sealing component. The integrated gas path 51 is built into and passes through the base 11, the first transition plate 13 and the backrest 12, forming a gas path channel 511 that is independent of and not connected to the integrated cleaning oil path 4. The inlet of the integrated gas path 51 is connected to the central air hole of the workbench, and the outlet is a plurality of gas detection holes 512 located on the back side of the workpiece 3 positioning surface 121 of the backrest 12. The plurality of gas detection holes 512 on the backrest 12 are evenly distributed around its circumference. The sealing component is set at the gas detection hole 512, which is normally closed and only removed when an airtightness test is required.

[0045] Reference Figures 3-7 The pre-inspection mechanism 6 includes a drive assembly and at least two fan-shaped detection blocks 61. The detection blocks 61 are made of a material with a hardness higher than that of the workpiece 3. The detection blocks 61 slide on the backrest 12 in an inclined direction. The drive assembly drives multiple detection blocks 61 to switch between detection state and avoidance state. The detection blocks 61 have fan-shaped detection surfaces 611.

[0046] Reference Figures 3-7When multiple detection blocks 61 are in the detection state, the multiple detection blocks 61 slide to their detection surfaces 611 and splice together to form a complete annular detection reference surface, which is in close contact with the workpiece 3 positioning surface 121 of the backing 12; when multiple detection blocks 61 are in the avoidance state, the detection blocks 61 slide to the periphery of the workpiece 3 clamping area, and the spraying range of the spraying hole 42 can cover the detection surface 611.

[0047] Reference Figures 3-7 After workpiece 3 is processed and removed, the air inspection mechanism 5 and the pre-inspection mechanism 6 are activated. The drive component drives multiple high-hardness detection blocks 61 to slide and splice into a complete annular detection reference surface, which is tightly abutted against the cleaned backing 12 positioning surface 121. This splicing action simulates the state of the ideal end face of workpiece 3. The sealing part moves away the air inspection hole 512, and the air inspection hole 512 inspects the annular detection reference surface. If there are no impurities such as iron filings or burrs, the air inspection is qualified. If there are impurities such as iron filings or burrs, the air inspection is unqualified. The system needs to clean the positioning surface 121 again, so as to give early warning and remove impurities before actually clamping workpiece 3, aiming to achieve a zero scrap rate for workpiece 3.

[0048] Reference Figures 3-5 The sealing component includes a first spring 53 and a plug 54 adapted to the air detection hole 512. The end of the plug 54 near the positioning surface 121 has a first step surface 541 and a second step surface 542 formed sequentially in the direction towards the positioning surface 121. The first step surface 541 has a through hole 543 that penetrates the plug 54. The second step surface 542 is covered with a sealing sheet 544. The two ends of the first spring 53 abut against the bottom wall of the air detection hole 512 and the plug 54, respectively. When the plug 54 seals the air detection hole 512, the surface of the plug 54 is flush with the positioning surface 121.

[0049] Reference Figures 3-5 The sealing component adopts a spring-push stepped plug 54 structure. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of the first spring 53 pushes the plug 54, causing the sealing piece 544 on its second stepped surface 542 to press tightly against the sealing surface. At the same time, the first stepped surface 541 abuts against the stepped wall of the air inspection hole 512. The end face of the plug 54 remains flush with the positioning surface 121 of the backrest 12, which not only seals the air inspection hole 512 to prevent oil and iron filings from entering during processing, but also does not affect the flat clamping of the workpiece 3. When an airtightness test is required, air is drawn in through the central air hole of the machine tool table, overcoming the elastic force of the first spring 53 to pull the plug 54 away from the opening of the air inspection hole 512, opening the through hole 543 of the first stepped surface 541, thus enabling air inspection.

[0050] Reference Figures 3-5A groove 545 is formed on the end face of the plug 54 away from the positioning surface 121, and the end of the first spring 53 away from the bottom wall of the air detection hole 512 abuts against the bottom wall of the groove 545. This limits the extreme position of the plug 54 opening, prevents the first spring 53 from being excessively deformed, and extends the service life of the first spring 53.

[0051] Reference Figures 3-7 The drive assembly includes a first hole 62, a connecting frame 63, a sliding rod 64, and a second spring 65. The first hole 62 is opened in the backrest 12 along an inclined sliding direction parallel to the detection block 61. One end of the first hole 62 is connected to the air passage 511, and the other end passes through the backrest 12. The sliding rod 64 is sealed and slidably connected in the first hole 62, and one end of the sliding rod 64 extends out of the first hole 62. The two ends of the connecting frame 63 are respectively fixedly connected to the extended end of the sliding rod 64 and the detection block 61 by screws. The second spring 65 is sleeved on the sliding rod 64, and the two ends of the second spring 65 abut against the backrest 12 and the connecting frame 63 respectively, and are used to drive the detection block 61 to move to the avoidance state.

[0052] Reference Figures 3-7 The drive assembly cleverly utilizes the air pressure of the air detection mechanism 5 as its power source. When pre-inspection is required, the integrated air circuit 51 draws in air, and the negative pressure of the gas acts on the end of the sliding rod 64, causing the sliding rod 64 and the detection block 61 connected by the connecting frame 63 to overcome the elastic force of the second spring 65 and slide into the detection position in the inclined direction. By detecting the change in air pressure in the air circuit channel 511, it is determined whether there are iron filings or impurities on the positioning surface 121. After the inspection is completed, the integrated air circuit 51 returns to normal pressure, and under the restoring force of the second spring 65, the sliding rod 64 drives the detection block 61 to automatically return to the avoidance state.

[0053] Reference Figures 3-7 The elastic force of the second spring 65 is less than that of the first spring 53. Under the preset condition, during the process of the air pressure dropping in the air passage 511, the detection block 61 moves first, and the plug 54 moves later; however, if the two move almost simultaneously, it will not affect the detection. After the workpiece 3 to be processed is placed in, the air detection mechanism 5 can perform another detection as a precaution. At this time, the detection block 61 of the pre-inspection mechanism 6 will abut against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 3, without causing any impact on other processes.

[0054] Reference Figures 1-4 All components are fixedly connected by screws, and seals are provided between the mating surfaces of each component to ensure the oil circuit is sealed and connected. To facilitate the machining and subsequent maintenance of the air inspection port 512 and the oil circuit channel 41, the support 12 adopts a split structure design, consisting of an upper positioning section and a lower connecting section. The two parts are fastened together by screws evenly distributed around the circumference, resulting in stable overall precision after assembly.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The spray hole 42 preferably has 11-13 holes. In order to increase the spray range, a nozzle that changes the spray diffusion can also be installed at the spray hole 42.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 A spacer 7 is installed between the base 11 and the pull rod 24. The spacer 7 is fitted onto the pull rod 24 and is fixed relative to the base 11. The pull rod 24 and the spacer 7 can slide relative to each other. The outer wall of the spacer 7 has a first annular groove 71 and a second annular groove 72 that are not interconnected. The first annular groove 71 is connected to the inlet of the integrated cleaning oil circuit 4, and the second annular groove 72 is connected to the inlet of the integrated air circuit 51. The first annular groove 71 and the second annular groove 72 in the spacer 7 are then connected to the central oil supply hole and the central air hole of the worktable through a rotary interface, respectively.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 A dust cover 8 is fixed to the positioning seat 22 by screws. The dust cover 8 cooperates with the expansion sleeve 23 to form a physical barrier, effectively preventing external dust, debris and other pollutants from entering the expansion sleeve 23 and the internal key connection area.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Under normal pressure, the connecting frame 63 moves to abut against the expansion sleeve 23 under the action of the second spring 65 in the air passage 511. In this way, the connecting frame 63 and the detection block 61 are in a stable state not only during the machining process of the fixture rotation, but also under normal conditions.

[0059] Of course, the above are just typical examples of this application. In addition, this application may have many other specific implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A gear-turning fixture for an internal gear ring, characterized in that: The fixture includes a fixture body (1), a clamping mechanism (2), and an integrated cleaning oil circuit (4). The fixture body (1) includes a base (11), a backrest (12), and a first transition plate (13) located between the two. The base (11) is installed and fixed on the machine tool worktable and rotates with it. The backrest (12) has a positioning surface (121) for positioning the workpiece (3). The clamping mechanism (2) is disposed on the fixture body (1) and is used to clamp the workpiece (3); The integrated cleaning oil circuit (4) is built into and runs through the base (11), the first transition plate (13) and the backrest (12) to form interconnected oil passages (41); the inlet of the integrated cleaning oil circuit (4) is connected to the central oil supply hole of the workbench, and the outlet is a plurality of spray holes (42) located on the backrest (12) and facing its positioning surface (121). The plurality of spray holes (42) on the backrest (12) are evenly distributed around its circumference, and the diameter of the spray holes (42) is smaller than the diameter of the oil passages (41); It also includes a gas inspection mechanism (5) and a pre-inspection mechanism (6). The gas inspection mechanism (5) includes an integrated gas path (51) and a sealing component. The integrated gas path (51) is built into and passes through the base (11), the first transition plate (13) and the backrest (12), forming a gas path channel (511) that is independent of and does not communicate with the integrated cleaning oil path (4). The inlet of the integrated gas path (51) is connected to the central air hole of the workbench, and the outlet is a plurality of gas inspection holes (512) located on the back side of the workpiece (3) positioning surface (121) of the backrest (12). The plurality of gas inspection holes (512) on the backrest (12) are evenly distributed around its circumference. The sealing component is set at the gas inspection hole (512) and normally closes the gas inspection hole (512), and is only removed when an airtightness test is required. The pre-inspection mechanism (6) includes a drive assembly and at least two fan-shaped detection blocks (61). The detection blocks (61) are made of a material with a hardness higher than that of the workpiece (3). The detection blocks (61) slide on the backrest (12) in an inclined direction. The drive assembly drives multiple detection blocks (61) to switch between detection state and avoidance state. The detection blocks (61) have fan-shaped detection surfaces (611). When multiple detection blocks (61) are in the detection state, the multiple detection blocks (61) slide to their detection surfaces (611) and splice together to form a complete annular detection reference surface, and closely abut against the workpiece (3) positioning surface (121) of the backing (12); when multiple detection blocks (61) are in the avoidance state, the detection blocks (61) slide to the periphery of the workpiece (3) clamping area, and the spraying range of the spraying hole (42) can cover the detection surface (611).

2. The internal gear ring turning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing component includes a first spring (53) and a plug (54) adapted to the air detection hole (512). The end of the plug (54) near the positioning surface (121) has a first stepped surface (541) and a second stepped surface (542) formed sequentially in the direction towards the positioning surface (121). The first stepped surface (541) has a through hole (543) that penetrates the plug (54). The second stepped surface (542) is covered with a sealing sheet (544). The two ends of the first spring (53) abut against the bottom wall of the air detection hole (512) and the plug (54) respectively. When the plug (54) seals the air detection hole (512), the surface of the plug (54) is flush with the positioning surface (121).

3. The internal gear ring turning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end face of the plug (54) away from the positioning surface (121) is provided with a groove (545), and the end of the first spring (53) away from the bottom wall of the air detection hole (512) abuts against the bottom wall of the groove (545).

4. The internal gear ring turning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a first hole (62), a connecting frame (63), a sliding rod (64), and a second spring (65). The first hole (62) is opened in the backrest (12) along an inclined sliding direction parallel to the detection block (61). One end of the first hole (62) is connected to the air passage (511), and the other end passes through the backrest (12). The sliding rod (64) is sealed and slidably connected in the first hole (62). One end of the sliding rod (64) extends out of the first hole (62). The two ends of the connecting frame (63) are respectively fixedly connected to the extended end of the sliding rod (64) and the detection block (61) by screws. The second spring (65) is sleeved on the sliding rod (64). The two ends of the second spring (65) abut against the backrest (12) and the connecting frame (63) respectively, and are used to drive the detection block (61) to move to the avoidance state.

5. The internal gear ring turning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (2) includes a second transition plate (21), a positioning seat (22), an expansion sleeve (23), and a moving component. The second transition plate (21) is fixedly mounted on the first transition plate (13), and the positioning seat (22) is fixedly mounted on the second transition plate (21). The expansion sleeve (23) is located between the backrest (12) and the positioning seat (22), and its outer side is provided with an inclined abutment surface that cooperates with the inner side of the positioning seat (22). The moving component is connected to the expansion sleeve (23) and is used to drive the expansion sleeve (23) to move along the axial direction of the backrest (12). The expansion sleeve (23) is used to clamp the workpiece (3).

6. The internal gear ring turning fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving component includes a pull rod (24), a pull plate (25), an equalizing sleeve (27), and a connecting ring (28). The pull rod (24) is arranged along the axis of the clamp body (1). The pull plate (25) is coaxially fixedly connected to the pull rod (24). The two ends of the equalizing sleeve (27) are fixedly connected to the pull plate (25) and the connecting ring (28), respectively. The first transition plate (13) has a clearance hole (131) for the equalizing sleeve (27) to pass through. The expansion sleeve (23) is threadedly connected to the connecting ring (28).

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