Commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environment and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle heat management, and discloses a commercial vehicle heat management system suitable for an extreme environment and a control method, and the system comprises an environment state recognition module which is used for obtaining the environment temperature, the relative humidity, the altitude and the atmospheric pressure, and determining the temperature grade, the high-humidity environment state and the plateau environment state; the extremely cold environment control module is used for determining preheating power parameters according to the temperature grade when the temperature grade belongs to an extremely cold environment; an extremely hot environment control module; a plateau environment compensation control module; a high-humidity environment compensation control module; a degradation protection module; and an actuator control module. Typical extreme environments such as extremely cold environments, extremely hot environments, high humidity environments and plateau environments are distinguished by simultaneously utilizing various environment information such as environment temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, so that a heat management system has a clear environment judgment basis in a complex environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of vehicle thermal management, in particular to a commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing commercial vehicle thermal management system generally adopts a control mode taking the ambient temperature as the main input quantity. In such a technical solution, the system mainly reads external temperature information and executes heating or heat dissipation processes according to a single temperature threshold or a small number of operating condition parameters. The existing technology generally only adjusts the temperature of the power battery, the motor or the air conditioning system, and the control strategy mainly uses fixed threshold judgment and fixed power output. The dimension of environmental information is less, and most of the existing thermal management architectures only rely on temperature sampling in environmental identification, and rarely use humidity, altitude, height or air pressure and other environmental factors as control conditions.

[0003] In the above-mentioned existing technology, due to the insufficient environmental identification dimension, the system has difficulty in obtaining complete external environmental information when facing complex environments such as extreme cold, extreme heat, high humidity or high altitude. When the thermal management system only relies on the ambient temperature as the control basis, it cannot accurately judge the dehumidification demand caused by humidity changes, the heat dissipation capacity changes caused by altitude and air pressure changes, and the like. In addition, the lack of joint identification of multiple environmental factors makes the control logic not clear enough to distinguish between multiple extreme environments, and the system has difficulty in executing the corresponding control process under certain environmental conditions. Such deficiencies can lead to a decrease in the control accuracy of the thermal management system in complex environments, affecting the temperature regulation process of key components, and possibly causing the system to fail to respond to external environmental changes in time under certain extreme operating conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments and a control method, which solves the problem that the existing technology lacks joint identification of multiple environmental factors, making the control logic not clear enough to distinguish between multiple extreme environments.

[0005] The present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments, comprising:

[0007] An environmental state identification module configured to obtain an ambient temperature, a relative humidity, an altitude and an atmospheric pressure, and determine a temperature grade, a high-humidity environmental state and a high-altitude environmental state, respectively;

[0008] An extreme cold environment control module configured to, when the temperature grade belongs to an extreme cold environment, determine a preheating power parameter according to the temperature grade, and sequentially execute temperature rising on a battery pack core area, a battery pack edge area, a motor electronic control system and a passenger cabin, and control according to a pre-set temperature rising rate upper limit.

[0009] extreme heat environment control module, when the ambient temperature belongs to an extreme heat environment, determining solar radiation heat, environmental heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, forming a total heat load, and distributing heat dissipation power to the main heat dissipation loop, the auxiliary heat dissipation loop and the evaporative cooling loop according to the pre-set heat dissipation distribution ratio;

[0010] highland environment compensation control module, when in a highland environment, determining a heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on atmospheric pressure changes, and adjusting the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan speed and compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0011] high humidity environment compensation control module, when in a high humidity environment, determining a dehumidification temperature increase, a dehumidification duration and a dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity, and executing a dehumidification cycle;

[0012] degradation protection module, for determining a risk score based on temperature deviation, power load and element failure quantity, dividing operation levels according to the risk score, and distributing corresponding power ratios to the drive system, the charging system, the air conditioning system and the auxiliary system;

[0013] actuator control module, for controlling the cooling liquid pump, the fan, the compressor and the heat exchanger to perform temperature regulation operations according to the control instructions generated by the above modules.

[0014] Further, the extreme cold environment control module performs the following steps:

[0015] determining temperature parameters, state of charge parameters and time parameters of preheating power;

[0016] sequentially performing temperature increase on the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electrical control system and the passenger cabin;

[0017] and limiting the temperature change process according to the pre-set temperature rise rate during the entire temperature increase process.

[0018] Further, the extreme heat environment control module performs the following steps:

[0019] determining solar radiation heat, environmental heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, and forming a total heat load;

[0020] determining the heat dissipation distribution ratio of the main heat dissipation loop, the auxiliary heat dissipation loop and the evaporative cooling loop according to the extreme heat environment interval to which the ambient temperature belongs;

[0021] when the evaporative cooling start condition is met, performing the heat dissipation operation of the evaporative cooling loop.

[0022] Further, the highland environment compensation control module performs the following steps:

[0023] determining a heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on the altitude and the atmospheric pressure;

[0024] adjusting the cooling liquid circulation flow rate according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0025] adjusting the fan rotation speed according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0026] and adjusting the compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter.

[0027] Further, the high-humidity environment compensation control module executes according to the following steps:

[0028] determining a dehumidification temperature increase amount when the relative humidity exceeds a pre-set humidity threshold;

[0029] determining a dehumidification duration according to the relative humidity;

[0030] determining a dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity;

[0031] and performing a dehumidification cycle.

[0032] Further, further comprising a prediction control module that, when running, predicts future ambient temperature based on geographic location information, season code, time information, weather code and historical temperature data, and generates a preheating scheduling instruction or a precooling scheduling instruction when the prediction result meets a pre-set condition.

[0033] Further, further comprising a self-learning update module that records environmental information, control parameters and evaluation information during system operation, and updates control strategy weights according to control deviation information.

[0034] Further, the degradation protection module executes according to the following steps:

[0035] determining temperature deviation, power load and element failure amount;

[0036] determining a risk score based on the determination;

[0037] dividing multiple operation levels according to the risk score;

[0038] and allocating power proportions corresponding to the operation levels to the drive system, the charging system, the air conditioning system and the auxiliary system.

[0039] Further, the actuator control module executes according to the following steps:

[0040] receiving control instructions generated by the environmental state identification module, the extreme cold environment control module, the extreme heat environment control module, the high-altitude environment compensation control module, the high-humidity environment compensation control module and the degradation protection module;

[0041] adjusting the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan rotation speed, compressor output power and heat exchanger heat exchange state according to the control instruction;

[0042] complete the linkage control of the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor and heat exchanger.

[0043] Further, a commercial vehicle thermal management control method suitable for extreme environments includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, obtain the environment temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, determine the temperature grade, high humidity environment state and plateau environment state;

[0045] S2, when the temperature grade belongs to extremely cold environment, determine the preheating power parameter according to the temperature grade, and sequentially perform temperature rise on the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electric control system and the passenger cabin, and control the temperature change process according to the pre-set temperature rise rate upper limit;

[0046] S3, when the environment temperature belongs to extremely hot environment, determine the solar radiation heat, environment heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, form the total heat load, and perform heat dissipation operation to the main heat dissipation, auxiliary heat dissipation and evaporation cooling according to the pre-set heat dissipation distribution ratio;

[0047] S4, when in plateau environment, determine the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on the atmospheric pressure change, and adjust the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan rotation speed and compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0048] S5, when in high humidity environment, determine the dehumidification temperature rise amount, dehumidification duration and dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity, and perform dehumidification cycle;

[0049] S6, determine the risk score according to the temperature deviation, power load and element fault amount, divide the operation grade according to the risk score, and allocate the power proportion corresponding to the operation grade to the driving system, charging system, air conditioning system and auxiliary system;

[0050] S7, according to the control instruction generated by the above steps, control the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor and heat exchanger to perform temperature regulation operation.

[0051] Through the above scheme, the following beneficial technical effects are obtained:

[0052] The present application distinguishes typical extreme environments such as extremely cold, extremely hot, high humidity and plateau by simultaneously using various environmental information such as environment temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, so that the thermal management system has clear environmental determination basis in complex environment.

[0053] The application separates the control processes corresponding to the extremely cold, extremely hot, plateau and high humidity environments, and different environments are executed by independent control modules to ensure that the targeted adjustment mode is adopted under specific environmental conditions, and the applicability of the thermal management process is improved.

[0054] The application executes temperature rising of the core components and the outer edge components in a fixed order, so that the heating process has clear zoning logic, the temperature difference between different areas is reduced, and the controllability of the key components is improved.

[0055] The application combines solar radiation, external heat exchange, system internal heat and charging heat to form a total heat load, and executes heat dissipation power distribution according to the total heat load, so that the heat dissipation process has the ability to adjust according to the total heat input. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 The system overall structure block diagram provided for one or more embodiments of the application is provided;

[0057] Figure 2 The environment state recognition flowchart provided for one or more embodiments of the application is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions of the application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0059] Please refer to the accompanying Figure 1 and the accompanying Figure 2 The embodiment of the application provides a commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments, which comprises:

[0060] An environment state recognition module is used to acquire environment temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, and determine temperature grade, high humidity environment state and plateau environment state respectively;

[0061] An extremely cold environment control module is used to determine preheating power parameters according to the temperature grade when the temperature grade belongs to the extremely cold environment, and sequentially execute temperature rising on the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electronic control system and the passenger cabin, and control according to the pre-set temperature rising rate upper limit;

[0062] An extremely hot environment control module is used to determine solar radiation heat, environment heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat when the environment temperature belongs to the extremely hot environment, form a total heat load, and distribute heat dissipation power to the main heat dissipation loop, the auxiliary heat dissipation loop and the evaporative cooling loop according to the pre-set heat dissipation distribution ratio.

[0063] The high-altitude environment compensation control module determines a heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on atmospheric pressure changes when in a high-altitude environment, and adjusts the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan rotation speed, and compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter, respectively;

[0064] The high-humidity environment compensation control module determines the dehumidification temperature increase, dehumidification duration, and dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity when in a high-humidity environment, and performs a dehumidification cycle;

[0065] The degradation protection module is configured to determine a risk score based on a temperature deviation, a power load, and a component failure amount, divide an operation level according to the risk score, and allocate a corresponding power ratio to a drive system, a charging system, an air conditioning system, and an auxiliary system.

[0066] The actuator control module is configured to control the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor, and heat exchanger to perform temperature regulation operations according to the control instructions generated by the above modules.

[0067] Specifically, the commercial vehicle thermal management system provided in the embodiment is installed in the whole vehicle control architecture, and the system includes an environment state recognition module, an extremely cold environment control module, an extremely hot environment control module, a high-altitude environment compensation control module, a high-humidity environment compensation control module, a degradation protection module, and an actuator control module. The above modules can be implemented by a processor in a vehicle-mounted controller executing pre-stored program instructions, or can be implemented by an independent control unit, and the specific form depends on the electrical control system configuration of the vehicle.

[0068] The system performs data interaction with devices such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, altitude sensors, air pressure sensors, battery management systems, drive system controllers, air conditioning controllers, etc. through a bus or other vehicle-mounted communication link. The system periodically reads the environmental temperature, relative humidity, altitude, and atmospheric pressure, and invokes the corresponding control module according to the current environmental state in the vehicle-mounted control cycle.

[0069] The environment state recognition module is configured to read and process external environmental parameters. The module receives environmental temperature data from a temperature sensor, receives relative humidity data from a humidity sensor, receives altitude and atmospheric pressure data provided by an altitude sensor and an air pressure sensor, and performs synchronization and filtering processing on the above data to form environmental state information for subsequent control.

[0070] The extremely cold environment control module, the extremely hot environment control module, the high altitude environment compensation control module and the high humidity environment compensation control module respectively receive the environment state information output by the environment state identification module, and select whether to execute the preset control process according to the environment state information. The control execution process of each module includes generating cooling liquid circulation flow instruction, fan rotating speed instruction, compressor output power instruction and heat exchanger heat exchange state switching instruction, but the algorithm content is not expanded in this section.

[0071] The degradation protection module receives vehicle operating parameters such as temperature deviation, power load and element failure quantity, and is used to determine the current operating level during system operation, and provides the power distribution parameters corresponding to the operating level to the actuator control module. When the temperature control of the whole vehicle deviates, the equipment load exceeds the set range or a fault event is detected, the module can limit the power output of the drive system, the charging system, the air conditioning system and the auxiliary system;

[0072] The actuator control module is used to convert the instructions generated by the above-mentioned control modules into executable actuator driving signals. The module is connected with the cooling liquid pump, the fan, the compressor and the heat exchanger, and adjusts the cooling liquid circulation flow, the fan rotating speed, the compressor output power and the heat exchanger heat exchange path, so as to complete the control of the thermal management execution equipment in the whole vehicle control cycle;

[0073] The system is executed according to the periodic scheduling mechanism of the vehicle-mounted controller during operation. The main control cycle runs at a millisecond level, and the environment data reading, environment state identification, control module selection, operating level judgment and actuator instruction output are completed in each cycle. The modules call each other through the data interface, and the control instructions are uniformly output by the actuator control module, so as to avoid the conflict caused by the direct driving of the actuators by multiple control modules.

[0074] Through the above structure, the thermal management system of the application can maintain a clear calling relationship between the modules in different operating stages of the whole vehicle, and ensure that the environment identification, control judgment and actuator operation have stable data link and control link;

[0075] The environment state identification module in the embodiment collects and processes external environment parameters in the control cycle of the vehicle, and is used to generate environment state information required for subsequent control strategies.

[0076] The environment state identification module obtains the environment temperature original sampling value Tᵣ a w,ᵢ, where i is the current sampling serial number. Tᵣ a w,ᵢ is filtered. The filtering process adopts a sliding average method, and the filtered environment temperature T a ᵦ is calculated by averaging the latest M sampling values. a T

[0077] Temperature level L e According to T a The temperature interval is determined. In this embodiment, five temperature intervals are set, each corresponding to a temperature level. The interval structure is as follows:

[0078] Interval 1: T a ≥ 0, corresponding to L e = 1;

[0079] Interval 2: -10 ≤ T a < 0, corresponding to L e = 2;

[0080] Interval 3: -20 ≤ T a < -10, corresponding to L e = 3;

[0081] Interval 4: -30 ≤ T a < -20, corresponding to L e = 4;

[0082] Interval 5: T a < -30, corresponding to L e = 5.

[0083] The environmental state recognition module updates the value of L a according to the interval where T e is located in each running cycle.

[0084] The environmental state recognition module obtains the relative humidity sampling value RH from the humidity sensor and filters the sampling value to form the effective relative humidity RH e ff. The system sets a humidity threshold RHᵣ to determine whether it is in a high humidity environment. When RH e ff≥ RHᵣ, set the high humidity environment flag Sᵤ = 1; when RH e ff < RHᵣ, set Sᵤ = 0.

[0085] The environmental state recognition module obtains the altitude h and atmospheric pressure Pa from the altitude sensor and the air pressure sensor respectively. The altitude h is the direct output value of the altitude sensor, and the atmospheric pressure Pa is the direct output value of the air pressure sensor. The system sets an altitude threshold hᵣ and an atmospheric pressure threshold Pᵣ to determine the plateau environment state. When h ≥ hᵣ or Pa ≤ Pᵣ, set the plateau environment flag S a = 1; if none of the above conditions are met, set S a = 0.

[0086] To eliminate the influence of transient deviation, N a g is set in this embodiment. When a certain environmental state condition is continuously met for Na g scheduling periods, the environmental state recognition module updates the corresponding state flag bit to improve the stability of the environmental state determination.

[0087] The environmental state recognition module outputs the following environmental parameters in each control period:

[0088] Filtered ambient temperature T a ᵦ;

[0089] Temperature level L e ;

[0090] Relative humidity RH e ff;

[0091] High humidity environment flag Sᵤ;

[0092] Altitude h;

[0093] Atmospheric pressure Pa;

[0094] Highland environment flag S a .

[0095] The above parameters form the environmental input basis for each control module in the invention.

[0096] In this embodiment, the extremely cold environment control module executes according to the following steps:

[0097] Determine the temperature parameter, state of charge parameter and time parameter of the preheating power;

[0098] Perform temperature rise in turn on the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electronic control system and the passenger compartment;

[0099] And in the whole temperature rising process, according to the pre-set temperature rising rate, limit the temperature change process.

[0100] Specifically, the extremely cold environment control module in this embodiment is called when the temperature level L e belongs to the extremely cold interval, which is used to perform staged temperature rise on the vehicle battery pack and motor electronic control system. This module takes the ambient temperature T a ᵦ and temperature level L e output by the environmental state recognition module as input, and generates corresponding heating instructions and actuator operation instructions according to the pre-set control flow.

[0101] When L e belongs to the pre-specified extremely cold level, the extremely cold environment control module first determines the preheating power parameter. The calculation of preheating power Pᵣ eea is based on three parameters, including temperature parameter K e , state of charge parameter K oc and time parameter Kᵢ e The three parameters are determined according to the ambient temperature, the state of charge of the power battery, and the execution time of the preheating process, and the specific calculation method is as follows.

[0102] Temperature parameter K e is a function of the ambient temperature T a , reflecting the influence of the low temperature degree on the preheating power. The state of charge parameter K o c is determined based on the value of the current state of charge SOC of the power battery, reflecting the proportion of energy available for heating. The time parameter Kᵢ e is calculated based on the time t of the preheating process execution, for adjusting the output of the preheating power during the preheating duration. The above parameters are all dimensionless parameters, for adjusting the basic preheating power.

[0103] The basic preheating power is denoted as Pb ae , which is a constant value preset by the system. The final preheating power Pᵣ eea is determined as follows:

[0104] Pᵣ eea = Pb ae × K e × K o c × Kᵢ e

[0105] Wherein:

[0106] Pᵣ eea is the final preheating power;

[0107] Pb ae is the basic preheating power;

[0108] K e is the temperature parameter;

[0109] K o c is the state of charge parameter;

[0110] Kᵢ e is the time parameter.

[0111] After determining the preheating power Pᵣ eea , the extreme cold environment control module executes temperature raising in a preset order. The execution order is: the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electrical control system, and the passenger cabin. The temperature raising order is fixed as the above order, and each area is independently set with a target temperature T a ᵣg e . The target temperature of the battery pack core area is 0℃, the target temperature of the edge area is −5℃, the target temperature of the motor electrical control system is 5℃, and the target temperature of the passenger cabin is 18℃.

[0112] The temperature rising process is performed according to the temperature rising rate limit. The temperature rising rate is denoted as dT / dt, which should not exceed the preset upper limit ΔT ax . The system controls the temperature rising by adjusting the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan rotation speed and compressor output power, so that the temperature of each region rises at a speed not exceeding ΔT ax during the heating process, to avoid uneven heating of the material or battery cell due to too fast temperature change rate.

[0113] The extremely cold environment control module obtains the real-time temperature of each region of the battery pack in each scheduling period and compares it with the target temperature T a ᵣg e . When the current temperature reaches the target temperature, the extremely cold environment control module stops the heating operation of the corresponding region and starts the temperature rising process of the next region.

[0114] Finally, after completing the temperature rising of all regions, the extremely cold environment control module outputs the cooling liquid circulation flow rate instruction, fan rotation speed instruction and compressor output power instruction to the actuator control module for executing corresponding temperature regulation.

[0115] In this embodiment, the extremely hot environment control module performs the following steps:

[0116] Determine the solar radiation heat, environmental heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, and form the total heat load;

[0117] According to the environment temperature belonging to the extremely hot environment interval, determine the heat dissipation distribution ratio of the main heat dissipation circuit, the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit and the evaporative cooling circuit;

[0118] When the evaporative cooling start condition is met, perform the heat dissipation operation of the evaporative cooling circuit.

[0119] Specifically, the extremely hot environment control module in this embodiment is called when the environment temperature T a ᵦ belongs to the extremely hot environment, and is used to perform heat dissipation regulation on the cooling system of the vehicle. This module receives the environment temperature T a ᵦ output by the environment state recognition module, determines the total heat load Q o according to the calculation results of the four types of heat, and then distributes the heat dissipation power to the main heat dissipation circuit, the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit and the evaporative cooling circuit according to the pre-set heat dissipation distribution ratio.

[0120] The first step of the extremely hot environment control is to determine the four types of heat, including the solar radiation heat Q o , the environmental heat exchange heat Q a ᵦ, the system internal heat Qᵢ and the charging heat Qcg. The above heat is the instantaneous heat load, which is used to reflect the total heat input of the vehicle under the current working condition.

[0121] Solar radiation heat Q o According to solar radiation intensity I o , vehicle outer surface area Aᵤᵣf and absorption coefficient α a ᵦis calculated. Where I o is the solar radiation sensor output value, Aᵤᵣf is the vehicle external exposed surface area, α a ᵦis the outer surface material absorption ratio. Solar radiation heat Q o is used to reflect the external radiation input.

[0122] Ambient heat exchange heat Q a ᵦis calculated according to the convective heat transfer coefficient hc o ᵥ, vehicle exposed area Aᵤᵣf and ambient temperature difference T a ᵦ−T a ᵣg e , where T a ᵣg e is the system heat dissipation target temperature. The convective heat transfer coefficient hc o ᵥcan be determined according to the vehicle external wind speed or empirical data.

[0123] System internal heat generation Qᵢ is calculated according to motor power P oo ᵣand battery power Pb a . Where, the motor loss heat is determined by the product of P oo ᵣand motor loss ratio η oo ᵣ; the battery loss heat is determined by the product of Pb a and battery loss ratio ηb a .

[0124] Charging heat generation Qcg occurs when the vehicle is in external charging or braking energy recovery state, and is calculated according to charging power Pcg and charging loss ratio ηcg.

[0125] The extreme heat environment control module combines the above four types of heat inputs into the total heat load Q o . The total heat load Q o is:

[0126] Q o =Q o +Q a ᵦ+Qᵢ+Qcg

[0127] Where:

[0128] Q o is the solar radiation heat;

[0129] Q a ᵦis the ambient heat exchange heat;

[0130] Qᵢ is the system internal heat generation;

[0131] Qcg is the charging heat generation;

[0132] Q o is the total heat load.

[0133] After determining the total heat load Q o , the extreme heat environment control module selects a corresponding heat dissipation distribution strategy according to the ambient temperature T a . The heat dissipation control strategy includes the heat dissipation power Pᵣᵢ a ᵣy distributed to the main heat dissipation loop, the heat dissipation power P a ᵤ x ᵢᵢ a ᵣy distributed to the auxiliary heat dissipation loop, and the heat dissipation power P e ᵥ a of the evaporative cooling loop.

[0134] When T a ᵦ exceeds the evaporative cooling start threshold T e ᵥ a , the evaporative cooling loop starts, P e ᵥ a is distributed according to a preset ratio. When T a ᵦ reaches the high-temperature interval of the main heat dissipation and the auxiliary heat dissipation, the extreme heat environment control module distributes Pᵣᵢ a ᵣy and P a ᵤ x ᵢᵢ a ᵣy according to a pre-configured heat dissipation power ratio.

[0135] In this embodiment, the main heat dissipation loop includes a cooling liquid circulation, a condenser and a fan; the auxiliary heat dissipation loop includes an additional heat sink or a cooling branch; and the evaporative cooling loop includes an evaporative heat exchange element. The execution mode of each loop is controlled by an executor control module to generate execution instructions according to the heat dissipation power distribution result.

[0136] The extreme heat environment control module updates Q o , T a ᵦ and the heat dissipation strategy at each scheduling period. The executor control module adjusts the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, the fan speed, the compressor output power and the opening state of the evaporative cooling device according to the output heat dissipation power distribution instructions.

[0137] In this embodiment, the highland environment compensation control module performs the following steps:

[0138] Determine the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on the altitude and atmospheric pressure;

[0139] Adjust the cooling liquid circulation flow rate according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0140] Adjust the fan speed according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0141] And the compressor output power is adjusted according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter.

[0142] Specifically, the highland environment compensation control module in the embodiment is called when the highland environment flag S a is 1, and is used for compensating and adjusting the coolant circulation flow, fan rotating speed and compressor output power when the air density decreases due to the decrease of atmospheric pressure. The module takes the altitude h and atmospheric pressure Pa as main inputs, and is used for reflecting the change of heat dissipation capacity in the highland environment.

[0143] When the vehicle runs in the highland area, the atmospheric pressure Pa is lower than the standard atmospheric pressure P0, and the air density decreases accordingly, thereby reducing the convective heat exchange capacity of the heat dissipation device. To represent the change of heat dissipation capacity, the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter ηc oo is used in the embodiment to reflect the change degree of the current heat dissipation capacity relative to the heat dissipation capacity under the standard atmospheric condition.

[0144] The heat dissipation capacity correction parameter ηc oo is determined according to the following formula:

[0145] ηc oo = ηb ae × √(P a / P0) × (Td / T a ᵦ)

[0146] Wherein:

[0147] ηc oo is the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0148] ηb ae is the basic heat dissipation capacity parameter, which is a fixed constant;

[0149] Pa is the current environmental atmospheric pressure;

[0150] P o is the standard atmospheric pressure;

[0151] Td is the temperature under the standard heat exchange temperature condition;

[0152] T a ᵦ is the environmental temperature.

[0153] Each term in the above formula is used to describe the influence of air density and environmental temperature on heat dissipation capacity. With the decrease of Pa, the value of ηc oo decreases, thereby the compensation of part of parameters of the cooling system is needed.

[0154] The coolant circulation flow Qᵢq in the highland environment is adjusted according to the following formula:

[0155] Qᵢq=Qᵢq,b ae / ηc oo

[0156] in:

[0157] Qᵢq represents the compensated coolant circulation flow rate;

[0158] Qᵢq,b ae This is the base coolant circulation flow rate.

[0159] This adjustment method is used to increase the coolant circulation speed to enhance heat exchange when air density decreases.

[0160] Fan speed Nf a Adjust according to the following formula in high-altitude environments:

[0161] Nf a =Nf a ,b ae / ηc oo

[0162] in:

[0163] Nf a The compensated fan speed;

[0164] Nf a ,b ae Based on the base fan speed.

[0165] This adjustment method is used to increase fan speed to enhance forced convection when air density decreases.

[0166] Compressor output power Pc o Adjust according to the following formula in high-altitude environments:

[0167] Pc o =Pc o ,b ae ×(1+0.2×(1−P a / P0))

[0168] in:

[0169] Pc o The compensated compressor output power;

[0170] Pc o ,b ae The output power of the base compressor.

[0171] This adjustment method is used to compensate for the cooling capacity by increasing the compressor output power when the cooling efficiency decreases due to a drop in atmospheric pressure.

[0172] The plateau environment compensation control module updates P in each operating cycle.a T a ᵦ and the calculation results of the above three compensation quantities, and Qᵢq, Nf a and Pc o The control commands are output to the actuator control module, which then performs adjustments to the coolant pump, fan, and compressor.

[0173] In this embodiment, the high humidity environment compensation control module performs the following steps:

[0174] When the relative humidity exceeds a preset humidity threshold, determine the amount of dehumidification temperature increase;

[0175] Determine the dehumidification duration based on the relative humidity;

[0176] Determine the dehumidification start / stop frequency based on relative humidity;

[0177] And execute a dehumidification cycle.

[0178] Specifically, in this embodiment, the high humidity environment compensation control module is invoked when the high humidity environment flag bit Sᵤ output by the environment state identification module is 1, and is used to adjust the current relative humidity RH. e The module adjusts the control parameters related to dehumidification. Within each scheduling cycle, it determines the dehumidification temperature increase, dehumidification duration, and dehumidification start / stop frequency, and generates execution instructions for the dehumidification cycle.

[0179] In a high humidity environment, the relative humidity (RH) e The humidity ff exceeds the system's preset humidity threshold RHᵣ. To determine the required increase in dehumidification temperature, this embodiment uses the following formula to calculate the dehumidification temperature increase T. a dd:

[0180] T a dd=k×(RH e ff−RHᵣ)

[0181] in:

[0182] T a dd represents the increase in dehumidification temperature;

[0183] RH e ff represents the filtered relative humidity;

[0184] RHᵣ is the humidity threshold;

[0185] k is the dehumidification temperature boosting coefficient, which is a preset constant of the system.

[0186] T a dd is used to determine the adjustment range of the evaporator outlet temperature in the dehumidification mode of the air conditioning system.

[0187] Dehumidification duration td e According to relative humidity RH e The difference between ff and humidity threshold RHᵣ is determined, calculated by the following formula:

[0188] td e =k×(RH e ff−RHᵣ)

[0189] Wherein:

[0190] td e is the dehumidification duration;

[0191] k is the dehumidification duration coefficient, which is a system preset constant.

[0192] Dehumidification duration td e Indicates the minimum running time to maintain the dehumidification mode in a single dehumidification cycle.

[0193] Dehumidification start-stop frequency fd e Used to determine the start-stop cycle of the dehumidification cycle, calculated by the following formula:

[0194] fd e =kf×(RH e ff / RHᵣ)

[0195] Wherein:

[0196] fd e is the dehumidification start-stop frequency;

[0197] kf is the dehumidification start-stop frequency coefficient, which is a system preset constant.

[0198] When fd e value increases, the start-stop interval of the dehumidification cycle shortens, thereby increasing the execution frequency of the dehumidification operation.

[0199] The high-humidity environment compensation control module obtains RH e ff in each scheduling period, and updates T a dd, td e and the value of fd e according to the above formula. The high-humidity environment compensation control module generates dehumidification cycle execution instructions, including evaporator temperature adjustment instructions and air conditioning system working mode instructions, according to the above three parameters, and outputs the instructions to the actuator control module.

[0200] The actuator control module generates dehumidification cycle execution instructions according to T a dd, td e and fd eThe instructions adjust the operating state of the air conditioning system, including adjusting the evaporator outlet temperature, selecting a dehumidification operation mode, and performing periodic dehumidification start-stop operations. The specific control process of the dehumidification operation is performed by the air conditioning system controller, ensuring the stability of the system operation in a high-humidity environment.

[0201] In this embodiment, the degradation protection module performs the following steps:

[0202] Determine the temperature deviation, power load, and component failure amount;

[0203] Determine the risk score based on the determination;

[0204] Divide multiple operating levels according to the risk score;

[0205] And assign the power proportion corresponding to the operating level to the drive system, charging system, air conditioning system, and auxiliary system.

[0206] Specifically, the degradation protection module in this embodiment is used to determine the risk score according to the temperature deviation, power load, and component failure amount during vehicle operation, and to divide the operating level according to the risk score. The degradation protection module executes the calculation process in each scheduling period and generates power allocation instructions for each system.

[0207] The degradation protection module first determines the temperature deviation ΔT. The temperature deviation ΔT is the difference between the current temperature Tcᵤᵣ of the key component of the vehicle and the corresponding target temperature T ta ᵣ get :

[0208] ΔT = Tcᵤᵣ - T ta ᵣ get

[0209] Wherein:

[0210] Tcᵤᵣ is the current temperature, including the battery pack temperature, motor temperature, or electronic control system temperature;

[0211] T ta ᵣ get is the target temperature set for the component.

[0212] The degradation protection module obtains the power load P loa d from the vehicle controller. P loa d represents the actual power demand of the vehicle under the current working condition, including the drive power demand and the charging power demand. The power load P loa d is used to reflect the current energy output state of the vehicle.

[0213] The component failure amount F ( c omp)Provided by the vehicle controller's fault diagnosis module, this function characterizes whether critical components related to thermal management are faulty. If a component is fault-free, the corresponding fault value is 0; if a fault exists, the corresponding fault value is a non-zero value preset by the system.

[0214] The degradation protection module is based on ΔT and P. loa d and F ( c omp) Numerical calculation of risk score R sco ᵣ e The following formula is used to determine the risk score:

[0215] R score =k1×|ΔT|+k2×P loa d+k3×F ( c omp)

[0216] in:

[0217] R score Assess risk level;

[0218] k1, k2, and k3 are the system's preset weight coefficients;

[0219] |ΔT| is the absolute value of the temperature deviation;

[0220] P loa d represents the power load;

[0221] F ( c omp) This represents the component failure quantity.

[0222] The degradation protection module is based on the risk score R. score The area to which the player falls is classified into operational levels. Operational levels range from Level 1 to Level N, where N is a system preset value. Level 1 represents the lowest risk, and Level N represents the highest risk. Operational Level Lᵣᵤ n The method for determining it is as follows:

[0223] If R score If ∈[R1,R2), then Lᵣᵤ n =1;

[0224] If R score If ∈[R2,R3), then Lᵣᵤ n =2;

[0225] …

[0226] If R score If ≥RN, then Lᵣᵤ n =N.

[0227] in:

[0228] R1, R2, R3…RN are preset risk interval boundaries;

[0229] Lᵣᵤ n is the current operating level.

[0230] The degradation protection module calculates the actual available power of each system according to M n (Lᵣᵤ pow ) and provides the results to the actuator control module for adjusting the driving power, charging power, compressor power and the related actuator operating state. n , the corresponding power allocation vector is:

[0231] M pow (Lᵣᵤ n )=[αdᵣᵢᵥ e ,αc hg ,α a c,α a ᵤ x ]

[0232] Wherein:

[0233] αdᵣᵢᵥ e is the power allocation ratio of the driving system;

[0234] αc hg is the power allocation ratio of the charging system;

[0235] α a c is the power allocation ratio of the air conditioning system;

[0236] α a ᵤ x is the power allocation ratio of the auxiliary system.

[0237] Each power allocation ratio αdᵣᵢᵥ e , αc hg , α a c, α a ᵤ x is a fixed preset value in each level.

[0238] The degradation protection module calculates the actual available power of each system according to M pow (Lᵣᵤ n ) and provides the results to the actuator control module for adjusting the driving power, charging power, compressor power and the related actuator operating state.

[0239] The degradation protection module repeatedly performs the update of the temperature deviation, power load and element fault amount at each scheduling period, recalculates the risk score and determines the operation level. After the system enters the level raising mode, it will not automatically recover to a lower level in a short time to avoid control instability caused by frequent switching. This paragraph does not involve the level recovery mechanism, which is defined by the vehicle strategy and is not within the scope of this embodiment.

[0240] In this embodiment, the actuator control module executes according to the following steps:

[0241] Receive the control instructions generated by the ambient state identification module, the extreme cold environment control module, the extreme heat environment control module, the high altitude environment compensation control module, the high humidity environment compensation control module and the degradation protection module;

[0242] Adjust the cooling liquid circulation flow, fan speed, compressor output power and heat exchanger heat exchange state according to the control instructions;

[0243] Complete the linkage control of the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor and heat exchanger.

[0244] Specifically, the actuator control module in this embodiment is used to convert the control instructions generated by the ambient state identification module, the extreme cold environment control module, the extreme heat environment control module, the high altitude environment compensation control module, the high humidity environment compensation control module and the degradation protection module into control signals of the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor and heat exchanger.

[0245] The actuator control module receives the cooling liquid circulation flow instructions Q l ᵢq, fan speed instructions Nf an , compressor output power instructions Pc omp and heat exchanger heat exchange state instructions S hx . Q l ᵢq, Nf an , Pc omp and S hx represent the target setting values of the cooling liquid flow, fan speed, compressor power level and heat exchanger operation mode respectively.

[0246] When multiple modules in the extreme cold control, extreme heat control, high altitude compensation or high humidity compensation module provide instructions at the same time, the actuator control module processes according to the instruction priority. The determination method of the priority is: the degradation protection module has the highest priority, followed by the extreme cold environment control module, the extreme heat environment control module, the high altitude environment compensation control module and the high humidity environment compensation control module. When there is a difference in the same type of instructions from multiple modules, the actuator control module adopts the instruction with high priority as the final output.

[0247] The actuator control module converts the cooling liquid circulation flow instructions Ql iq input to the coolant pump controller, the coolant pump controller adjusts the rotation speed of the pump so that the output flow of the pump is consistent with Q l iq. The adjustment of the coolant flow is performed according to the following formula:

[0248] Q l iq=k pump ×n pump

[0249] Wherein:

[0250] Q l iq is the target coolant flow;

[0251] n pump is the rotation speed of the coolant pump;

[0252] k pump is the pump flow coefficient, which is a system preset constant.

[0253] The actuator control module outputs the target value of n pump , and the corresponding adjustment is realized by the driving module of the pump.

[0254] The actuator control module inputs the fan rotation speed instruction Nf an to the fan controller. The fan controller adjusts the motor driving signal according to Nf an so that the fan reaches the target rotation speed. The relationship between the fan rotation speed and the fan driving voltage Uf an is as follows:

[0255] Nf an =kf an ×Uf an

[0256] Wherein:

[0257] Nf an is the target rotation speed of the fan;

[0258] Uf an is the fan driving voltage;

[0259] kf an is the fan voltage-rotation speed coefficient, which is a system preset constant.

[0260] The actuator control module reversely calculates Uf an according to Nf an and outputs it to the fan driving circuit.

[0261] The compressor output power Pc omp is transmitted by the actuator control module to the air conditioning system controller. The air conditioning system controller determines Pc ompThe target value is used to adjust the compressor's operating power. The compressor's operating power is related to its speed (nc). omp They correspond to each other through proportional relationships:

[0262] Pc omp =kc omp ×nc omp

[0263] in:

[0264] Pc omp The target output power of the compressor;

[0265] nc omp This refers to the compressor speed;

[0266] kc omp is the compressor power coefficient, and is a system preset constant.

[0267] The actuator control module calculates the target speed nc that the compressor should achieve based on this relationship. omp This value is then passed to the air conditioning system controller for execution.

[0268] Heat exchanger heat exchange status command S hx The actuator control module transmits the signal to the heat exchanger switching mechanism. hx This indicates the operating mode of the heat exchanger. S hx The selectable values ​​are determined by the system's structural configuration, including main heat dissipation mode, auxiliary heat dissipation mode, and evaporative cooling mode. The heat exchanger switching mechanism switches based on the received S... hx The set value is used to switch the heat exchange path.

[0269] The actuator control module reads the feedback status of all actuators in each scheduling cycle, including the coolant pump speed n. pump ,fᵦ k Fan speed Nf an ,fᵦ k compressor speed nc omp ,fᵦ k And the current mode S of the heat exchanger hx ,fᵦ k If there is a deviation between the feedback status and the command, the actuator control module corrects the deviation by adjusting the control command in the next cycle. The deviation Δx is determined by the following formula:

[0270] Δx=x target −xfᵦ k

[0271] in:

[0272] x target The target value includes Q. l ᵢq、Nfan or Pc omp ;

[0273] xfᵦ k is the corresponding feedback value.

[0274] The actuator control module adjusts the control instruction of the next period according to Δx to ensure that the actuator operating parameters tend to the target value in continuous adjustment.

[0275] In this embodiment, a prediction control module is further included, which predicts the future ambient temperature based on geographic location information, season code, time information, weather code and historical temperature data during operation, and generates a preheating scheduling instruction or a precooling scheduling instruction when the prediction result meets a pre-set condition.

[0276] Specifically, the prediction control module in this embodiment predicts the future ambient temperature according to geographic location information, season code, time information, weather code and historical temperature data, and generates a preheating scheduling instruction or a precooling scheduling instruction when the prediction result meets a condition. The prediction control module runs in parallel with the environment state recognition module, and the update period is set by the vehicle controller.

[0277] The prediction control module receives the geographic location information G pos of the vehicle from the positioning system. pos G is the current latitude and longitude coordinate of the vehicle, which is used to determine the possible future ambient temperature change trend. The season code c seas is generated by the system according to the current date, which is used to represent the serial number of the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. The time information tcᵤᵣ is provided by the system clock, which is used to indicate the current hour number. The weather code wc ode is derived from the vehicle-mounted meteorological data interface, which is used to represent the temperature change mode corresponding to different weather states.

[0278] The historical temperature data sequence T h ᵢ st (j) is recorded by the environment state recognition module at a preset period, where j is the serial number of the historical sample, and T hist (j) represents the ambient temperature at the corresponding time. The prediction control module calculates the historical average change rate β hist according to the change trend of T temp (j), which is used to reflect the degree of change of the ambient temperature over time.

[0279] The prediction control module calculates the future predicted temperature Tfᵤ t according to the above input data, using the following formula:

[0280] Tfᵤ t = W temp ,G×G pos +Wtemp S x c seas + W temp t x tcw + W temp w x wc ode + β temp

[0281] wherein:

[0282] TfU t is a predicted future ambient temperature;

[0283] W temp G is a geographical position weight;

[0284] G pos is a geographical position coordinate of the vehicle;

[0285] W temp S is a seasonal weight;

[0286] c seas is a seasonal encoding;

[0287] W temp t is a time weight;

[0288] tcw is current time information;

[0289] W temp w is a weather weight;

[0290] wc ode is a weather encoding;

[0291] β temp is a historical temperature change rate.

[0292] The weights W temp G, W temp S, W temp t, W temp w are system preset constants, which are set according to empirical statistical values of the running area of the vehicle, and are used to reflect the influence of different environmental factors on the future temperature change.

[0293] The prediction control module compares the predicted temperature TfU t with a preset temperature threshold value, if TfU t is lower than a preset preheating threshold value T heat , a preheating scheduling instruction S heat is generated; if TfU t is higher than a preset precooling threshold value Tc ool , a precooling scheduling instruction Sc ool is generated. The instruction generation method is as follows:

[0294] if TfU t < Theat , then S heat = 1;

[0295] , else S heat = 0.

[0296] if TfU t > Tc ool , then Sc ool = 1;

[0297] , else Sc ool = 0.

[0298] wherein:

[0299] T heat is a pre-heat temperature threshold;

[0300] Tc ool is a pre-cool temperature threshold;

[0301] S heat is a pre-heat scheduling flag;

[0302] Sc ool is a pre-cool scheduling flag.

[0303] The prediction control module updates TfU t , S heat and Sc ool in each scheduling period, and outputs scheduling instructions to the system scheduling module. The system scheduling module determines whether to activate the extreme cold environment control module or the extreme heat environment control module in advance according to the scheduling instructions, thereby realizing the pre-heating or pre-cooling scheme based on prediction.

[0304] In the embodiment, a self-learning update module is further included, which records environmental information, control parameters and evaluation information during system operation, and updates control strategy weights according to control deviation information.

[0305] Specifically, the self-learning update module in the embodiment is used to record environmental information, control parameters and evaluation information during system operation, and update control strategy weights according to control deviation information.

[0306] The self-learning update module obtains an environmental information sequence from the environmental state recognition module, including environmental temperature T am , relative humidity RH e , altitude h and atmospheric pressure P atm . The above data is recorded by time stamp in cycles, which is used to describe the external environmental conditions in which the system is located in a specific period.

[0307] The self-learning update module obtains control parameters from each control module, including cooling liquid circulation flow Q lᵢq、Fan speed Nf an Compressor output power Pc omp and heat exchanger operating mode S hx This module records control parameters as a time series, reflecting the system's execution strategy under various operating conditions.

[0308] Evaluation information is used to measure deviations from the control execution process. Evaluation information E total According to temperature deviation E temp Actuator load deviation E ampl and operational stability deviation E sta The formula for calculating the value of ᵦ consists of three parts:

[0309] E total =w1×E temp +w2×E ampl +w3×E sta ᵦ

[0310] in:

[0311] E total For comprehensive evaluation information;

[0312] w1, w2, and w3 are the system's preset weights;

[0313] E temp This is due to temperature control deviation.

[0314] E ampl For actuator load deviation;

[0315] E sta ᵦ represents operational stability deviation.

[0316] Temperature control deviation E temp Defined as the absolute value of the difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature. Actuator load deviation E ampl This describes the difference between the operating load and the rated load of the actuator under current operating conditions. Operating stability deviation E sta ᵦ is used to measure the degree of fluctuation in actuator operating parameters.

[0317] The self-learning update module updates based on evaluation information E. total Generate control deviation information δ e Control deviation information δ e This serves as the input to the self-learning algorithm, used to adjust the policy weights based on the deviations observed in the system's actual operation.

[0318] The strategy weights are updated using the following formula:

[0319] W new =W old −λ×δ e

[0320] wherein:

[0321] W new is the updated policy weight;

[0322] W old is the updated policy weight;

[0323] λ is a learning coefficient, which is a constant preset by the system;

[0324] δ e is the control deviation information.

[0325] W new is used to replace W old as the basis weight for generating the next cycle control parameters. The weight updating process is completed once every update cycle to avoid excessive frequent parameter changes affecting the stability of the system operation.

[0326] After the weight update, the self-learning update module takes the updated policy weight set as the control basis for the next period of the vehicle control system. For example, when the extreme cold control, extreme heat control, highland compensation or high humidity compensation module needs to calculate the corresponding parameters, the updated W new is directly referenced for calculation.

[0327] In this embodiment, a commercial vehicle thermal management control method suitable for extreme environments includes the following steps:

[0328] S1, obtain the ambient temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, and determine the temperature grade, high humidity environment state and highland environment state;

[0329] S2, when the temperature grade belongs to an extremely cold environment, determine the preheating power parameter according to the temperature grade, and sequentially perform temperature rise on the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electronic control system and the passenger compartment, and control the temperature change process according to the pre-set temperature rise rate upper limit;

[0330] S3, when the ambient temperature belongs to an extremely hot environment, determine the solar radiation heat, environmental heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, form the total heat load, and perform heat dissipation operation to the main heat dissipation, auxiliary heat dissipation and evaporative cooling according to the pre-set heat dissipation distribution ratio;

[0331] S4, when in a highland environment, determine the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on the atmospheric pressure change, and adjust the coolant circulation flow, fan speed and compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter;

[0332] S5, when in a high humidity environment, determine the dehumidification temperature rise amount, dehumidification duration and dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity, and perform dehumidification cycle;

[0333] S6, determining a risk score according to the temperature deviation, the power load and the element fault amount, dividing an operation level according to the risk score, and allocating a power proportion corresponding to the operation level to the driving system, the charging system, the air conditioning system and the auxiliary system;

[0334] S7, controlling the cooling liquid pump, the fan, the compressor and the heat exchanger to perform temperature regulation operation according to the control instruction generated in the above steps.

[0335] Specifically, in the first stage of the method, the system obtains the ambient temperature T am , the relative humidity RH e , the altitude h and the atmospheric pressure P atm from the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the altitude sensor and the air pressure sensor. am The ambient temperature T e is formed by filtering the original sampling value to reduce transient fluctuations, the relative humidity RH atm is the effective value obtained by filtering the humidity sampling value, and the altitude h and the atmospheric pressure P am are directly sampled.

[0336] In the second stage, the system determines the temperature level L temp according to the ambient temperature T e , and the temperature level is determined according to a preset interval division, which is used to distinguish different ambient temperature ranges. The high-humidity environment flag S th is generated according to the relationship between the relative humidity RH hum and the humidity threshold RH atm , and the high-altitude environment flag S alt is generated according to the relationship between the altitude h and the atmospheric pressure P temp and the corresponding threshold.

[0337] In the third stage, the system selects the corresponding control module according to the temperature level L hum , the high-humidity environment flag S alt and the high-altitude environment flag S temp . When L am is in the extremely cold interval, the extremely cold environment control module is called to perform preheating power calculation and heating sequence control. If T alt belongs to the extremely hot interval, the extremely hot environment control module is called to perform heat calculation and heat dissipation power allocation logic. When S hum =1, the high-altitude environment compensation control module is called to perform heat dissipation capacity compensation calculation. When S a =1, the high-humidity environment compensation control module is called to determine the dehumidification temperature lifting amount T eh , the dehumidification duration td and the dehumidification start-stop frequency fdeh the value of the temperature deviation ΔT, the power load P

[0338] In the fourth stage, the degradation protection module calculates the risk score R load and the element failure amount F ( c omp) according to the temperature deviation ΔT, the power load P score and the element failure amount F n , and determines the operation level Lᵣᵤ n according to the risk score R pow , and selects the corresponding power distribution vector from the power proportion matrix M l for indicating the available power range of the driving system, the charging system, the air conditioning system and the auxiliary system;

[0339] In the fifth stage, the actuator control module receives the coolant circulation flow instruction Q omp from the above-mentioned modules, the fan rotation speed instruction Nf hx , the compressor output power instruction Pc target and the heat exchanger heat exchange state instruction S k , processes the instructions according to the priority, and converts the instructions into executable driving signals to output to the coolant pump, the fan, the compressor and the heat exchanger. The actuator feedback data returns to the actuator control module in each cycle, and is used to correct the next cycle instruction in the form of deviation Δx=x −xfᵦ .

[0340] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments, characterized in that, The application relates to a vehicle thermal management system, which comprises: an environment state identification module for acquiring environment temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, and determining temperature grade, high-humidity environment state and highland environment state respectively; an extreme cold environment control module for determining preheating power parameters according to the temperature grade when the temperature grade belongs to an extreme cold environment, and performing temperature rising on a battery pack core area, a battery pack edge area, a motor electric control system and a passenger cabin in sequence, and controlling according to a pre-set temperature rising rate upper limit; an extreme heat environment control module for determining solar radiation heat, environment heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat when the environment temperature belongs to an extreme heat environment, forming total heat load, and distributing heat dissipation power to a main heat dissipation loop, an auxiliary heat dissipation loop and an evaporation cooling loop according to a pre-set heat dissipation distribution proportion; a highland environment compensation control module for determining heat dissipation capacity correction parameters based on atmospheric pressure changes when in a highland environment, and adjusting cooling liquid circulation flow, fan rotating speed and compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameters respectively; a high-humidity environment compensation control module for determining dehumidification temperature rising amount, dehumidification duration and dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity when in a high-humidity environment, and performing a dehumidification cycle; a degradation protection module for determining risk scores based on temperature deviation, power load and element fault amount, dividing operation grades according to the risk scores, and distributing corresponding power proportions to a driving system, a charging system, an air conditioning system and an auxiliary system; an actuator control module for controlling cooling liquid pumps, fans, compressors and heat exchangers to perform temperature regulation operations according to control instructions generated by the above modules.

2. A thermal management system for commercial vehicles suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extreme cold environment control module performs the following steps: determining temperature parameters, state of charge parameters and time parameters of the preheating power; performing temperature rising on the battery pack core area, the battery pack edge area, the motor electric control system and the passenger cabin in sequence; and determining temperature change processes according to the pre-set temperature rising rate upper limit during the whole temperature rising process.

3. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extreme heat environment control module performs the following steps: determining solar radiation heat, environment heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, and forming total heat load; determining heat dissipation distribution proportions of the main heat dissipation loop, the auxiliary heat dissipation loop and the evaporation cooling loop according to the extreme heat environment interval to which the environment temperature belongs; performing heat dissipation operations of the evaporation cooling loop when evaporation cooling start conditions are met.

4. The commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments of claim 1, wherein, The highland environment compensation control module performs the following steps: determining heat dissipation capacity correction parameters based on altitude and atmospheric pressure; adjusting cooling liquid circulation flow according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameters; adjusting fan rotating speed according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameters; and adjusting compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameters.

5. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-humidity environment compensation control module performs the following steps: determining dehumidification temperature rising amount when the relative humidity exceeds a pre-set humidity threshold value; determining dehumidification duration according to the relative humidity; determining dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity; and performing a dehumidification cycle.

6. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a prediction control module, which predicts future ambient temperature based on geographic location information, seasonal encoding, time information, weather encoding and historical temperature data at runtime, and generates a preheating scheduling instruction or a precooling scheduling instruction when the prediction result meets the pre-set condition.

7. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising a self-learning update module, which records environmental information, control parameters and evaluation information during system operation, and updates control strategy weights according to control deviation information.

8. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degradation protection module performs the following steps: Determine the temperature deviation, power load and component failure amount; Determine the risk score based on the above; Divide multiple operation levels according to the risk score; And allocate the power proportion corresponding to the operation level to the drive system, charging system, air conditioning system and auxiliary system.

9. A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator control module performs the following steps: Receive the control instructions generated by the environment state identification module, extreme cold environment control module, extreme heat environment control module, high altitude environment compensation control module, high humidity environment compensation control module and degradation protection module; Adjust the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan speed, compressor output power and heat exchanger heat exchange state according to the control instructions; Complete the linkage control of the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor and heat exchanger.

10. A method of thermal management control for a commercial vehicle suitable for extreme environments, characterized by, A commercial vehicle thermal management system suitable for extreme environments according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: S1, obtain ambient temperature, relative humidity, altitude and atmospheric pressure, and determine temperature level, high humidity environment state and high altitude environment state; S2, when the temperature level belongs to the extreme cold environment, determine the preheating power parameter according to the temperature level, and perform temperature rise on the battery pack core area, battery pack edge area, motor electronic control system and passenger cabin in turn, and control the temperature change process according to the pre-set temperature rise rate upper limit; S3, when the ambient temperature belongs to the extreme heat environment, determine the solar radiation heat, environmental heat exchange heat, system internal heat and charging heat, form the total heat load, and perform heat dissipation operation to the main heat dissipation, auxiliary heat dissipation and evaporative cooling according to the pre-set heat dissipation distribution proportion; S4, when in high altitude environment, determine the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter based on the atmospheric pressure change, and adjust the cooling liquid circulation flow rate, fan speed and compressor output power according to the heat dissipation capacity correction parameter; S5, when in high humidity environment, determine the dehumidification temperature rise amount, dehumidification duration and dehumidification start-stop frequency according to the relative humidity, and perform dehumidification cycle; S6, determine the risk score according to the temperature deviation, power load and component failure amount, divide the operation level according to the risk score, and allocate the power proportion corresponding to the operation level to the drive system, charging system, air conditioning system and auxiliary system; S7, control the cooling liquid pump, fan, compressor and heat exchanger to perform temperature adjustment operation according to the control instructions generated in the above steps.

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