A drone device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks

Abstract

This invention discloses a drone device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, relating to the field of drones. It includes a drone fuselage, with a monitoring camera mounted on the bottom and top sides of the fuselage, and a top mounting plate. It also includes an anti-collision device mounted on the top mounting plate. Specifically, in this invention, if the drone fuselage collides with the bridge during monitoring, a first and second buffer spring cushion the impact, preventing direct contact between the drone fuselage and the bridge. In cases of excessive impact, an avoidance pusher rotates an avoidance lever, controlling the drone to move away from the bridge, thus achieving active avoidance. Furthermore, if avoidance is impossible, a lifting slide retracts the monitoring camera into the drone fuselage, and a pop-out sealing plate encloses the drone fuselage, protecting the monitoring camera.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular to a UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge surface defects refer to damage or defects that can be directly observed on the surface of the bridge structure. They usually reflect structural health problems and common types include concrete cracking, spalling / exposed reinforcement, honeycomb pitting, water seepage and crystallization, steel structure corrosion, deformation, weld cracking, and aging and cracking of bearings and expansion joints. Surface defects are "warning signals" of structural problems and need to be assessed in a timely manner to determine whether they affect load-bearing safety. Microcracks, on the other hand, are hidden "structural injuries." If these problems are not detected in time, they will pose a significant threat to the safety of the bridge.

[0003] Due to the height, location, and structure of bridges, the identification of surface defects and monitoring of microcracks are typically conducted using drones. While in flight, drones use monitoring cameras to identify surface defects and monitor microcracks. However, the complexity of bridge structures necessitates manual control of the drones during flight. Furthermore, bridge inspections often take place in confined spaces and structurally complex areas such as piers, beam bases, and stay cables. Existing electronic obstacle avoidance systems are prone to failure or delayed response at extremely close range and in environments with complex reflective surfaces (such as metal structures). Even minor operational errors can easily lead to drones colliding with the bridge structure. In addition, direct contact between the drone's fuselage and the bridge can cause scraping or impact, significantly increasing the risk of damage and crashing. It should be noted that a drone crash not only damages the drone itself but also its monitoring cameras, interrupting bridge observation and resulting in the loss of video data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A drone device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks includes a drone fuselage, with a monitoring camera and a top mounting plate respectively installed on the bottom and top sides of the drone fuselage.

[0007] It also includes an anti-contact impact device, which is mounted on the top side mounting plate and is used to isolate the UAV fuselage; the anti-contact impact device includes a direction switching frame, which is rotatably mounted on the top side mounting plate, and a contact impact frame is movably mounted inside the direction switching frame, and a first buffer spring is installed between the direction switching frame and the contact impact frame, a top side contact frame is movably mounted on the direction switching frame, and a second buffer spring is installed between the direction switching frame and the top side contact frame;

[0008] An active retraction protection device is installed on the bottom side of the drone fuselage, and the monitoring camera is mounted on the active retraction protection device. The active retraction protection device is used to store the monitoring camera inside the drone fuselage. The active retraction protection device includes a lifting slide plate, which is slidably installed inside the drone fuselage. A pop-out sealing plate is slidably installed on the drone fuselage. The pop-out sealing plate moves to enclose the monitoring camera inside the drone fuselage.

[0009] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anti-contact impact device further includes a steering gear and a drive gear, both of which are rotatably mounted on the top side mounting plate and mesh with each other;

[0010] Two bogies are mounted on the steering gear, and both bogies are mounted on the direction switching frame.

[0011] Two rotating slots are provided on the top side mounting plate, and a rotating ring is rotatably installed in each of the two rotating slots. The two rotating rings are respectively installed on the steering gear and the drive gear.

[0012] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mounting bracket is mounted on the top side mounting plate, and a steering motor is mounted on the mounting bracket;

[0013] A steering drive shaft is mounted on the drive gear, and the steering drive shaft is mounted on the output shaft of the steering motor.

[0014] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the active retraction protection device further includes two lifting rods, which are rotatably mounted on the inner walls of both sides of the drone fuselage.

[0015] The lifting slide plate has a lifting swing hole, and a lifting swing shaft is movably installed in the lifting swing hole. The lifting swing shaft is rotatably installed on the two lifting rods.

[0016] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a swing groove is provided on the lifting rod, and a swing mounting shaft is rotatably installed in the swing groove, the swing mounting shaft being installed on the inner wall of the drone fuselage;

[0017] A swing torsion spring is mounted on the swing mounting shaft, and the swing torsion spring is mounted on the inner wall of the swing rotating groove.

[0018] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a synchronous drive frame is movably installed inside the fuselage of the UAV, and the synchronous drive frame is movably installed on the two lifting rotating rods;

[0019] The lifting rod has a push-pull hole, and a push-pull shaft is movably installed in the push-pull hole. The push-pull shaft is installed on the lifting rod.

[0020] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two pop-out horizontal sliding grooves are provided on the pop-out sealing plate, and a support rod is slidably installed in the pop-out horizontal sliding grooves, and the support rod is installed on the body of the drone;

[0021] A closed spring is installed on the support rod, and the closed spring is installed on the inner wall of the pop-out horizontal slide groove.

[0022] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a contact avoidance device is also included. The contact avoidance device is mounted on the top side mounting plate and is used to drive the UAV fuselage to actively avoid obstacles.

[0023] The contact avoidance device includes an avoidance joystick, which is mounted on the top side mounting plate and electrically connected to the drone fuselage. The avoidance joystick is used to control the drone fuselage to actively avoid contact.

[0024] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the contact avoidance device further includes an avoidance push frame, which is slidably mounted on the bottom side of the direction switching frame. The avoidance push frame moves to actuate the avoidance rocker arm to drive the UAV fuselage to actively avoid the contact.

[0025] A synchronous trigger frame is installed on the contact impact frame, and the movement of the contact impact frame drives the synchronous trigger frame to push the avoidance push frame to move.

[0026] A limiting groove is provided on the bottom side of the direction switching frame, and the avoidance push frame is slidably installed in the limiting groove;

[0027] A support spring is installed on the inner wall of the limiting transverse groove, and the support spring is mounted on the avoidance push frame.

[0028] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two pressing grooves are provided on the top side mounting plate, and a pressing trigger rod is movably installed in each of the two pressing grooves. Both pressing trigger rods are mounted on the synchronous drive frame, and a trigger spring is installed on the pressing trigger rod. The trigger spring is installed on the inner wall of the pressing groove.

[0029] The avoidance pusher is equipped with a wedge-shaped push plate and a compression arc plate, and the two compression trigger rods are equipped with compression trigger rings. The movement of the avoidance pusher causes the compression arc plate to compress the compression trigger rings downward.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks proposed in this invention are:

[0031] In this invention, by setting up an anti-contact impact device, when the drone takes off and monitors the bridge's surface defects and micro-cracks through the monitoring camera, if one side of the drone's fuselage is about to contact the bridge, the drone's remote controller starts the steering motor, causing the direction switching frame to rotate. Alternatively, when the top side of the drone's fuselage contacts the bridge, the contact impact frame or the top contact frame is squeezed and retracted by the bridge. At the same time, the first and second buffer springs are stressed. Therefore, the first and second buffer springs first buffer the drone's fuselage, preventing the drone's fuselage from directly contacting the bridge. This significantly reduces the risk of the drone scraping, colliding, or crashing near complex bridge structures. Furthermore, the protection position can be actively adjusted according to the approach direction, solving the problems of fixed protection rings obstructing the view and ineffective protection areas, and achieving on-demand protection.

[0032] Furthermore, in this invention, when the direction switching frame and the top side contact frame are impacted, the lifting slide causes the monitoring camera to retract into the drone body to protect the monitoring camera. When the lifting slide rises, it disengages from the pop-out sealing plate, and then, under the tension of the two closed springs, the pop-out sealing plate is popped open to close the drone body. This protects the monitoring camera when the drone body is damaged by an impact, preventing damage to the monitoring camera when the drone body crashes.

[0033] Furthermore, in this invention, when the direction switching frame and the top side contact frame are impacted, the avoidance push frame moves to push the avoidance rocker arm to rotate, which can control the UAV to move to the side away from the bridge, thereby achieving the purpose of active avoidance. Moreover, the mechanical trigger response is faster and more reliable, especially in areas with electromagnetic interference or sensor limitations, effectively enhancing equipment protection and lifespan, and effectively protecting the UAV body and propellers from collision damage. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1This is a bottom-view structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram illustrating the connection between the direction switching frame and the avoidance rocker arm of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the connection between the direction switching frame and steering motor of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the direction switching frame and the contact impact frame of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the connection between the direction switching frame and the lifting slide plate of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This invention provides an embodiment of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the connection between the lifting slide plate and the pop-out sealing plate of a drone device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the lifting pivot and synchronous drive frame of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the lifting slide plate and support rod of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1-UAV fuselage; 2-Monitoring camera; 3-Top mounting plate; 4-Anti-contact impact device; 401-Direction switching frame; 402-Contact impact frame; 403-Steering gear; 404-Bogie; 405-Steering motor; 406-Top contact frame; 407-First buffer spring; 408-Second buffer spring; 409-Rotating groove; 410-Rotating ring; 411-Steering drive shaft; 412-Mounting bracket; 413-Drive gear; 5-Active retraction protection device; 501-Lifting slide plate; 502-Ejection sealing plate; 503-Support rod; 504-Sealing spring; 505-Lifting swing hole; 506-Lifting rotating rod; 507-Lifting swing shaft; 508-Synchronous drive frame; 509-Swing rotating groove; 510-Swing mounting shaft; 511-Swing torsion spring; 512-Push-pull shaft; 513-Push-pull hole; 514-Pop-out horizontal slide groove; 6-Contact avoidance device; 601-Avoidance rocker arm; 602-Avoidance push frame; 603-Restriction horizontal groove; 604-Support spring; 605-Wedge-shaped push plate; 606-Extrusion trigger ring; 607-Downward pressure groove; 608-Extrusion trigger rod; 609-Trigger spring; 610-Extrusion arc plate; 611-Synchronous trigger frame. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0046] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0047] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0048] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "perpendicular" do not imply that components must be absolutely vertical, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "vertical" simply means that its direction is more vertical relative to "horizontal," not that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly tilted.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] Please refer to the attached instruction manual. Figures 1-10 This invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks. The device includes a UAV fuselage 1, with a monitoring camera 2 mounted on the bottom side and a top mounting plate 3 mounted on the top side of the fuselage 1. It also includes an anti-collision device 4 mounted on the top mounting plate 3 to isolate the UAV fuselage 1. Specifically, the anti-collision device 4 includes a direction switching frame 401, rotatably mounted on the top mounting plate 3. A contact impact frame 402 is movably mounted within the direction switching frame 401, and a first buffer spring 407 is installed between the direction switching frame 401 and the contact impact frame 402. A top contact frame 406 is movably mounted on the direction switching frame 401, and a second buffer spring 408 is installed between the direction switching frame 401 and the top contact frame 406.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, when the UAV fuselage 1 takes off and monitors the bridge's surface defects and microcracks via the monitoring camera 2, if one side of the UAV fuselage 1 is about to contact the bridge, the remote controller of the UAV fuselage 1 controls the start of the steering motor 405, causing the steering motor 405 to drive the drive gear 413 to rotate via the steering drive shaft 411. The rotation of the drive gear 413 drives the steering gear 403 to rotate, and both the drive gear 413 and the steering gear 403 rotate within the rotating groove 409 via the rotating ring 410. Simultaneously, the rotation of the steering gear 403 drives the direction switching frame 401 to rotate via the two bogies 404. Therefore, once the UAV fuselage 1 contacts the bridge, or when the top side of the UAV fuselage 1 contacts the bridge, the contact impact frame 402 or the top side contact frame 406 is squeezed and retracted by the bridge. At the same time, the first buffer spring 407 and the second buffer spring 408 are subjected to force. Therefore, the first buffer spring 407 and the second buffer spring 408 first buffer the UAV fuselage 1, achieving initial protection for the UAV fuselage 1.

[0053] More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, an active retraction protection device 5 is installed on the bottom side of the drone fuselage 1, and a monitoring camera 2 is installed on the active retraction protection device 5. The active retraction protection device 5 is used to retract the monitoring camera 2 into the drone fuselage 1. The active retraction protection device 5 includes a lifting slide plate 501, which is slidably installed inside the drone fuselage 1. A pop-out sealing plate 502 is slidably installed on the drone fuselage 1. The pop-out sealing plate 502 moves to enclose the monitoring camera 2 inside the drone fuselage 1. It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, when the avoidance joystick 601 is triggered, it has not yet left the bridge. As the avoidance pusher 602 continues to be pushed, the lifting slide plate 501 causes the monitoring camera 2 to retract into the drone fuselage 1, and the pop-out sealing plate 502 is popped open, thereby enclosing the drone fuselage 1. This protects the monitoring camera 2 when the drone fuselage 1 is damaged by an impact, preventing damage to the monitoring camera 2 when the drone fuselage 1 crashes.

[0054] Please refer to the instruction manual attached. Figures 3-7 Furthermore, the UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a contact impact protection device 4 that further includes a steering gear 403 and a drive gear 413. The steering gear 403 and the drive gear 413 are both rotatably mounted on the top side mounting plate 3 and mesh with each other. Two bogies 404 are mounted on the steering gear 403, and both bogies 404 are mounted on the direction switching frame 401.

[0055] Furthermore, two rotating slots 409 are provided on the top mounting plate 3, and rotating rings 410 are rotatably installed in both rotating slots 409. The two rotating rings 410 are respectively installed on the steering gear 403 and the drive gear 413. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, when the direction switching frame 401 needs to be turned, the steering motor 405 drives the drive gear 413 to rotate through the steering drive shaft 411. The rotation of the drive gear 413 drives the steering gear 403 to rotate, and both the drive gear 413 and the steering gear 403 rotate in the rotating slots 409 through the rotating rings 410, thereby achieving the purpose of synchronous rotation of the steering gear 403 and the drive gear 413.

[0056] More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a mounting bracket 412 is mounted on the top mounting plate 3, and a steering motor 405 is mounted on the mounting bracket 412; a steering drive shaft 411 is mounted on the drive gear 413, and the steering drive shaft 411 is mounted on the output shaft of the steering motor 405. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, when the steering motor 405 is started, the steering drive shaft 411 drives the drive gear 413 to rotate, the rotation of the drive gear 413 drives the steering gear 403 to rotate, and the rotation of the steering gear 403 drives the direction switching frame 401 to rotate through the two bogies 404, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the direction switching frame 401 to change direction.

[0057] Please refer to the instruction manual attached. Figure 6 and Figures 8-10 Furthermore, the UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes two lifting rods 506, which are rotatably mounted on the inner walls of both sides of the UAV fuselage 1.

[0058] Furthermore, the lifting slide plate 501 has a lifting swing hole 505, and a lifting swing shaft 507 is movably installed within the lifting swing hole 505. The lifting swing shaft 507 is rotatably mounted on two lifting rods 506. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the rotation of the two lifting rods 506 drives the lifting swing shaft 507 to rotate, causing the lifting swing shaft 507 to move the lifting slide plate 501. The lifting swing shaft 507 also slides within the lifting swing hole 505, thereby causing the lifting slide plate 501 to retract the monitoring camera 2 into the drone body 1, achieving the purpose of protecting the monitoring camera 2.

[0059] More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the lifting rod 506 has a swing groove 509, and a swing mounting shaft 510 is rotatably mounted in the swing groove 509. The swing mounting shaft 510 is mounted on the inner wall of the UAV fuselage 1. A swing torsion spring 511 is mounted on the swing mounting shaft 510, and the swing torsion spring 511 is mounted on the inner wall of the swing groove 509. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, when the lifting rod 506 rotates, it rotates on the swing mounting shaft 510 through the swing groove 509, which simultaneously causes the swing torsion spring 511 to be subjected to force. Therefore, under the rebound force of the swing torsion spring 511, the lifting rod 506 can be helped to return to its original position.

[0060] Please continue to refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 6 and Figures 8-10 More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a synchronous drive frame 508 is movably installed inside the UAV fuselage 1, and the synchronous drive frame 508 is movably mounted on two lifting rotating rods 506; a push-pull hole 513 is provided on the lifting rotating rod 506, and a push-pull shaft 512 is movably installed in the push-pull hole 513, and the push-pull shaft 512 is mounted on the lifting rotating rod 506. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the synchronous drive frame 508 moves to drive the two push-pull shafts 512, thereby driving the two lifting rotating rods 506 to rotate, and the two push-pull shafts 512 slide within the two push-pull holes 513, so as to achieve the purpose of the synchronous drive frame 508 moving to drive the two lifting rotating rods 506 to rotate.

[0061] More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the pop-out sealing plate 502 has two pop-out horizontal sliding grooves 514, and a support rod 503 is slidably installed in the pop-out horizontal sliding grooves 514. The support rod 503 is installed on the drone body 1. In addition, a closing spring 504 is installed on the support rod 503, and the closing spring 504 is installed on the inner wall of the pop-out horizontal sliding groove 514. It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, when the lifting slide plate 501 rises, it disengages from the pop-out sealing plate 502, and then, under the tensile force of the two closing springs 504, the pop-out sealing plate 502 is popped open, thereby achieving the purpose of enclosing the monitoring camera 2 inside the drone body 1.

[0062] Please refer to the instruction manual attached. Figures 3-7Furthermore, the UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a contact avoidance device 6. The contact avoidance device 6 is mounted on the top side mounting plate 3 and is used to drive the UAV body 1 to actively avoid obstacles. The contact avoidance device 6 includes an avoidance rocker arm 601, which is mounted on the top side mounting plate 3 and electrically connected to the UAV body 1. The avoidance rocker arm 601 is used to control the UAV body 1 to actively avoid obstacles. It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, when the contact impact frame 402 or the top side contact frame 406 is squeezed by the bridge, resulting in excessive retraction, the avoidance push frame 602 moves to push the avoidance rocker arm 601 to rotate, thereby controlling the UAV to move away from the bridge and achieving the purpose of active avoidance, thus achieving secondary protection for the UAV body 1.

[0063] It should be emphasized that the avoidance joystick 601 used in the embodiments of the present invention is the same as the joystick on the existing drone remote controller. The avoidance joystick 601 in the embodiments of the present invention mainly plays an auxiliary operation role and does not change its working principle or the connection method with the drone.

[0064] More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the contact avoidance device 6 further includes an avoidance push frame 602, which is slidably mounted on the bottom side of the direction switching frame 401. The avoidance push frame 602 moves to move the avoidance rocker arm 601 to drive the UAV body 1 to actively avoid obstacles.

[0065] Furthermore, a synchronous trigger frame 611 is installed on the contact impact frame 402. The movement of the contact impact frame 402 drives the synchronous trigger frame 611 to push the avoidance push frame 602 to move. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, when the contact impact frame 402 is squeezed by the bridge and excessively retracts, the contact impact frame 402 causes the synchronous trigger frame 611 to push the avoidance push frame 602 to move.

[0066] Please continue to refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figures 3-7 More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, a limiting transverse groove 603 is provided on the bottom side of the direction switching frame 401, and the avoidance push frame 602 is slidably installed in the limiting transverse groove 603; a support spring 604 is installed on the inner wall of the limiting transverse groove 603, and the support spring 604 is installed on the avoidance push frame 602. It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, the avoidance push frame 602 moves and slides horizontally within the limiting transverse groove 603, causing the support spring 604 to be compressed, thereby realizing the horizontal movement of the avoidance push frame 602.

[0067] More specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, two pressing grooves 607 are provided on the top side mounting plate 3, and a pressing trigger rod 608 is movably installed in each of the two pressing grooves 607. Both pressing trigger rods 608 are installed on the synchronous drive frame 508, and a trigger spring 609 is installed on the pressing trigger rod 608. The trigger spring 609 is installed on the inner wall of the pressing groove 607.

[0068] In addition, a wedge-shaped push plate 605 and a compression arc plate 610 are installed on the avoidance push frame 602, and compression trigger rings 606 are installed on the two compression trigger rods 608. The movement of the avoidance push frame 602 causes the compression arc plate 610 to compress the compression trigger rings 606 and move them downward. It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention, when the avoidance rocker arm 601 is triggered, it still has not left the bridge, causing the synchronous trigger frame 611 to push the avoidance push frame 602 to move, or causing the top side contact frame 406 to move down and push the wedge-shaped push plate 605 to move. Alternatively, when the avoidance push frame 602 moves, it will continue to be pushed, and the avoidance push frame 602 will push the compression trigger ring 606 to move. This will cause the compression trigger ring 606 to drive the two compression trigger rods 608 to move vertically in the two lower pressure grooves 607, and cause the two trigger springs 609 to be stressed. This will cause the two compression trigger rods 608 to drive the synchronous drive frame 508 to move, thereby achieving the purpose of synchronously driving the frame 508 to move when the avoidance push frame 602 moves excessively.

[0069] In summary, the working principle of the UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0070] When the drone fuselage 1 takes off and monitors the bridge's surface defects and micro-cracks via the monitoring camera 2, if one side of the drone fuselage 1 is about to contact the bridge, the remote controller of the drone fuselage 1 activates the steering motor 405. This causes the steering motor 405 to drive the drive gear 413 to rotate via the steering drive shaft 411. The rotation of the drive gear 413 drives the steering gear 403 to rotate. Both the drive gear 413 and the steering gear 403 rotate within the rotating groove 409 via the rotating ring 410. Simultaneously, the rotation of the steering gear 403 drives the direction switching frame 401 to rotate via the two bogies 404. Therefore, once the drone fuselage 1 contacts the bridge, or when the top side of the drone fuselage 1 contacts the bridge, the contact impact frame 402 or the top contact frame 406 is compressed and retracted by the bridge. At the same time, the first buffer spring 407 and the second buffer spring 408 are stressed. Thus, the first buffer spring 407 and the second buffer spring 408 first buffer the drone fuselage 1, preventing the drone fuselage 1 from directly contacting the bridge and causing impact damage.

[0071] Furthermore, when the contact impact frame 402 or the top side contact frame 406 is squeezed by the bridge, resulting in excessive retraction, the contact impact frame 402 drives the synchronous trigger frame 611 to push the avoidance push frame 602 to move, or the top side contact frame 406 moves down and pushes the wedge-shaped push plate 605 to move, which can also drive the avoidance push frame 602 to move. The avoidance push frame 602 moves and slides horizontally in the limiting transverse groove 603, causing the support spring 604 to be squeezed. The movement of the avoidance push frame 602 pushes the avoidance rocker arm 601 to rotate, thereby controlling the UAV to move to the side away from the bridge, thereby achieving the purpose of active avoidance.

[0072] Furthermore, when the avoidance joystick 601 is triggered, the drone body 1 has not yet left the bridge. This causes the avoidance pusher 602 to continue being pushed, pushing the compression trigger ring 606 to move. This causes the compression trigger ring 606 to drive the two compression trigger rods 608 to move vertically within the two downward pressure grooves 607, and forces the two trigger springs 609. This forces the two compression trigger rods 608 to drive the synchronous drive frame 508 to move. The synchronous drive frame 508 then drives the two push-pull shafts 512 to rotate the two lifting rods 506. The lifting rods 506 rotate on the swing mounting shaft 510 via the swing groove 509, simultaneously causing the swing torsion spring 511 to be stressed. It should be noted that the two push-pull shafts 512... The two push-pull holes 513 slide within each other, and the two lifting rods 506 rotate to drive the lifting swing shaft 507 to rotate. This causes the lifting swing shaft 507 to move the lifting slide plate 501, and the lifting swing shaft 507 slides within the lifting swing hole 505. This causes the lifting slide plate 501 to retract the monitoring camera 2 into the drone body 1, protecting the monitoring camera 2. In addition, when the lifting slide plate 501 rises, it disengages from the pop-out sealing plate 502. Therefore, under the tension of the two sealing springs 504, the pop-out sealing plate 502 is popped open, thereby sealing the drone body 1. This protects the monitoring camera 2 when the drone body 1 is damaged by an impact, preventing damage to the monitoring camera 2 when the drone body 1 crashes.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drone device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks, characterized in that, It includes a drone fuselage, with a monitoring camera mounted on the bottom side and a top mounting plate mounted on the top side of the drone fuselage, respectively; It also includes an anti-contact impact device, which is mounted on the top side mounting plate and is used to isolate the UAV fuselage; the anti-contact impact device includes a direction switching frame, which is rotatably mounted on the top side mounting plate, and a contact impact frame is movably mounted inside the direction switching frame, and a first buffer spring is installed between the direction switching frame and the contact impact frame, a top side contact frame is movably mounted on the direction switching frame, and a second buffer spring is installed between the direction switching frame and the top side contact frame; An active retraction protection device is installed on the bottom side of the drone fuselage, and the monitoring camera is mounted on the active retraction protection device. The active retraction protection device is used to retract the monitoring camera into the drone fuselage. The active retraction protection device includes a lifting slide plate, which is slidably installed inside the drone fuselage. A pop-out sealing plate is slidably installed on the drone fuselage, and the pop-out sealing plate moves to enclose the monitoring camera inside the drone fuselage. It also includes a contact avoidance device, which is mounted on the top side mounting plate and is used to drive the drone body to actively avoid a collision; the contact avoidance device includes an avoidance joystick, which is mounted on the top side mounting plate and electrically connected to the drone body, and is used to control the drone body to actively avoid a collision. The contact avoidance device further includes an avoidance push frame, which is slidably mounted on the bottom side of the direction switching frame. The movement of the avoidance push frame actuates the avoidance rocker arm to drive the UAV fuselage to actively avoid a collision. A synchronization trigger frame is mounted on the contact impact frame, and the movement of the contact impact frame drives the synchronization trigger frame to push the avoidance push frame to move. A limiting transverse groove is formed on the bottom side of the direction switching frame, and the avoidance push frame is slidably mounted in the limiting transverse groove. A support spring is mounted on the inner wall of the limiting transverse groove, and the support spring is mounted on the avoidance push frame. Two downward pressing grooves are provided on the top side mounting plate. A pressing trigger rod is movably installed in each of the two downward pressing grooves. Both pressing trigger rods are mounted on the synchronous drive frame. A trigger spring is installed on the pressing trigger rod and the trigger spring is installed on the inner wall of the downward pressing groove. The avoidance pusher is equipped with a wedge-shaped push plate and a compression arc plate, and the two compression trigger rods are equipped with compression trigger rings. The movement of the avoidance pusher causes the compression arc plate to compress the compression trigger rings downward.

2. The UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-contact impact device also includes a steering gear and a drive gear, both of which are rotatably mounted on the top mounting plate and mesh with each other; Two bogies are mounted on the steering gear, and both bogies are mounted on the direction switching frame. Two rotating slots are provided on the top side mounting plate, and a rotating ring is rotatably installed in each of the two rotating slots. The two rotating rings are respectively installed on the steering gear and the drive gear.

3. The UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mounting bracket is installed on the top side mounting plate, and a steering motor is mounted on the mounting bracket; A steering drive shaft is mounted on the drive gear, and the steering drive shaft is mounted on the output shaft of the steering motor.

4. The UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active retraction protection device also includes two lifting rods, which are rotatably mounted on the inner walls of both sides of the drone fuselage; The lifting slide plate has a lifting swing hole, and a lifting swing shaft is movably installed in the lifting swing hole. The lifting swing shaft is rotatably installed on the two lifting rods.

5. The UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting rod is provided with a swing groove, and a swing mounting shaft is rotatably installed in the swing groove. The swing mounting shaft is installed on the inner wall of the drone fuselage. A swing torsion spring is mounted on the swing mounting shaft, and the swing torsion spring is mounted on the inner wall of the swing rotating groove.

6. The UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks according to claim 5, characterized in that, A synchronous drive frame is movably installed inside the fuselage of the drone, and the synchronous drive frame is movably installed on the two lifting rotating rods. The lifting rod has a push-pull hole, and a push-pull shaft is movably installed in the push-pull hole. The push-pull shaft is installed on the lifting rod.

7. The UAV device for identifying bridge surface defects and monitoring microcracks according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pop-out sealing plate has two pop-out horizontal sliding grooves, and a support rod is slidably installed in the pop-out horizontal sliding grooves. The support rod is installed on the body of the drone. A closed spring is installed on the support rod, and the closed spring is installed on the inner wall of the pop-out horizontal slide groove.

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