Working face solid filling method
By using a method of staggered shifting of supports and hydraulic supports to form a three-sided enclosed space, the problems of complex equipment and low filling efficiency in coal mining are solved, achieving a high-efficiency and low-cost solid filling effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511750639.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing coal mining operations, solid filling equipment is complex, has a high failure rate, low filling efficiency, and poor roof control in the filling area, which affects the working face advance speed and filling quality.
By employing a staggered frame shifting technology, hydraulic supports are arranged in a staggered pattern. A bottom-discharge scraper conveyor is used to create a filling space below the rear beam of the hydraulic supports, eliminating the need for mechanical compaction devices. The staggered and shifted hydraulic supports form a three-sided enclosed space constraining the filling body, achieving simplified equipment and efficient filling.
The equipment structure was simplified, the failure rate and maintenance costs were reduced, the filling efficiency and filling quality were improved, and the parallel operation of filling and coal mining was realized, which reduced equipment investment and modification costs and improved production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121452013A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a working face solid filling method. BACKGROUND
[0002] In traditional coal mining, the solid filling mining technology is an important means for treating solid waste and controlling surface subsidence. The existing technology usually uses a filling hydraulic support equipped with a tamping device. The working process is as follows: after the hydraulic support moves forward, the loose gangue discharged into the goaf is repeatedly pushed and tamped by the tamping device of the hydraulic support to increase the compactness of the filling body, improve the filling rate and increase the support effect on the roof.
[0003] However, this traditional method has the following obvious defects: 1. Complex equipment, high failure rate: the tamping device itself has a complex structure, composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a tamping hammer and other components, which is prone to failure in long-term high-load operation in a harsh underground environment, increasing equipment maintenance costs and downtime.
[0004] 2. Complicated process, low efficiency: after each support moves, separate tamping operations are required, the vertical force acting on the filling body is opposite to the gravity, and the pushing and sliding are repeated, resulting in a long tamping process and seriously affecting the advancing speed of the working face.
[0005] 3. High requirement for filling area roof control: single-point tamping cannot ensure uniform compactness of the entire filling area, and there may be dead corners, which will seriously affect subsequent filling operations once the roof collapses and enters the filling area.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a working face solid filling method that can simplify equipment, improve filling efficiency and improve roof control capability. SUMMARY
[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a working face solid filling method that solves the problems of complex filling equipment and low filling efficiency in the prior art.
[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present application is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: a plurality of hydraulic supports complete interval shifting, and a bottom-dumping scraper conveyor is hung below the rear beam of the hydraulic support and above the filling space; Step 2: the hydraulic supports with odd-numbered sequences start the first round of shifting and filling; Step 3: the hydraulic supports with even-numbered sequences start the second round of shifting and filling; Step 4: repeat steps 2 and 3 until the working face filling is completed.
[0009] The present application is characterized in that: In step 1, several hydraulic supports complete interval shifting, and form an arrangement sequence of staggered one standard step distance in front and back with adjacent hydraulic supports, and the bottom-dump scraper conveyors in the several hydraulic supports are hung below the rear end beams of the hydraulic supports and above the filling space.
[0010] In step 2, the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports are moved forward, and after the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports are moved forward by two step distances, the rear ends of the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports and the two adjacent even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports form a filling space.
[0011] The top plate of the filling space is supported by the rear end beams and telescopic beams of the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports and the two adjacent even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports, the front of the filling space is isolated by the rear enclosure of the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports, and the left and right sides of the filling space are isolated by the side enclosures of the two adjacent even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports.
[0012] The bottom-dump scraper conveyors at the rear ends of the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports operate to unload the filling bodies into the filling space, and the filling space behind the odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports is sequentially filled.
[0013] In step 2, the even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports that are not moved in the last round are moved forward, and the even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports are moved forward by two step distances to reach new support positions, and the even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports and the two adjacent odd-numbered sequence hydraulic supports form new filling spaces.
[0014] The bottom-dump scraper conveyors at the rear ends of the even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports operate to unload the filling bodies into the filling space, and the filling space behind the even-numbered sequence hydraulic supports is sequentially filled.
[0015] The hydraulic support comprises a base, side enclosures are arranged on the left and right sides of the base, and a rear enclosure is arranged at the rear of the base; the hydraulic support comprises a rear end beam, and a bottom-dump scraper conveyor is hung on the rear end beam.
[0016] The heights of the side enclosures and the rear enclosure are lower than the height of the bottom of the unloading port of the bottom-dump scraper conveyor hung on the rear end beam.
[0017] The side enclosures and the rear enclosure are both rigid hard materials, and the length of the side enclosure is not less than two standard step distances.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The equipment is simplified, and the reliability is high: the mechanical tamping device with high failure rate is completely cancelled, the structure of the hydraulic support is simplified, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost are reduced, and the reliability of the equipment operation is improved.
[0019] 2. Process innovation, efficiency improvement: the cumbersome tamping process is omitted, the unloading and filling and gravity compaction are simple and efficient, and parallel operation of filling and coal mining can be realized.
[0020] 3. Good filling quality: The "three-sided enclosure" space automatically formed between adjacent supports by the interval moving supports can improve the filling capacity and compaction level; the delayed moving supports effectively control the roof and prevent a large amount of collapsed rock layers from flowing into the filling space, thus ensuring the filling quality.
[0021] 4. Low cost: This method requires minimal modification to traditional hydraulic filling supports, which not only reduces equipment investment and modification costs at the working face of existing filling equipment, but also improves production efficiency, resulting in significant overall economic benefits. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a side view of the improved filling hydraulic support used in this invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the filling space formed after the first round of interval frame shifting; Figure 3 This is a top-view diagram showing the filling space formed after the second round of interval frame shifting.
[0023] In the diagram, 1. Hydraulic support; 2. Base; 3. Rear tail beam; 4. Side enclosure; 5. Rear enclosure; 6. Filling space; 7. Bottom-discharge scraper conveyor; 8. Collapsible roof slab; 9. Telescopic beam; 10. Filling body. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific implementation methods.
[0025] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the filling equipment used in the solid filling method of the working face of this invention is a filling hydraulic support 1. The hydraulic support 1 has continuous barriers on the left and right sides and behind the base 2; the left and right sides are side barriers 4, and the rear is a rear barrier 5. The height of the side barriers 4 is lower than the bottom of the discharge port of the bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 suspended on the rear tail beam 3, and its height can be flexibly adjusted as needed to ensure that the gangue can be smoothly discharged into the filling space 6. A telescopic beam 9 is arranged inside the rear tail beam 3 to assist in controlling the roof slab, working together with the two wing supports to control and delay the roof slab collapse, allowing the collapsed roof slab 8 to move outward to the already filled goaf outside the filling space 6. Traditional compaction devices have been completely eliminated.
[0026] Example 2 The solid filling method for the working face of this invention is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Several hydraulic supports 1 are moved at intervals. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 is suspended below the tail beam 3 of the hydraulic supports 1 and above the filling space 6. The number of hydraulic supports 1 is adapted to the length of the filling working surface, and there is no limit here.
[0027] Step 2, the first round of moving support, filling is started to the hydraulic support 1 located in the odd bit sequence; Step 3, the second round of moving support, filling is started to the hydraulic support 1 located in the even bit sequence; Step 4, the step 2 and step 3 are circulated until the working face filling is completed.
[0028] Example 2 The working face solid filling method is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, a plurality of hydraulic supports 1 complete interval moving support, the bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is hung below the rear beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1, above the filling space 6; the number of hydraulic supports 1 is adapted according to the size of the working face to be filled in actual work, which is not limited here.
[0029] Step 2, the first round of moving support is started to the hydraulic support 1 located in the odd bit sequence; Step 3, the second round of moving support is started to the hydraulic support 1 located in the even bit sequence; Step 4, the step 2 and step 3 are circulated until the working face filling is completed.
[0030] The specific process in step 1 is: Initial state setting: In the initial state, the working face filling hydraulic support 1 (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F…) has completed interval moving support, the adjacent supports form the arrangement sequence of one standard step distance in front and back staggered, and the bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is hung below the rear beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1, above the filling space 6.
[0031] Example 3 The working face solid filling method is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, a plurality of hydraulic supports 1 complete interval moving support, the bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is hung below the rear beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1, above the filling space 6; the number of hydraulic supports 1 is adapted according to the size of the working face to be filled in actual work, which is not limited here.
[0032] Step 2, the first round of moving support is started to the hydraulic support 1 located in the odd bit sequence; Step 3, the second round of moving support is started to the hydraulic support 1 located in the even bit sequence; Step 4, the step 2 and step 3 are circulated until the working face filling is completed.
[0033] The specific process in step 1 is: Initial state setting: In the initial state, the working face filling hydraulic support 1 (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F...) has completed interval shifting, and the adjacent supports form a staggered arrangement of one standard step distance in front and back, and the bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is hung below the rear tail beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1 and above the filling space 6.
[0034] The specific process in step 2 is: The first round (non-first round) operation: As shown in Figure 2 , the first round of shifting is started, and first the odd-numbered supports (such as supports 1A, 1C, 1E...) are moved forward. After the support 1C is moved forward by two (one in the first round) step distances, a filling space 6 is formed between the tail of the support 1C and the unmoved supports 1B, 1D. The top of the space is supported by the support 1C and the rear tail beams 3 and telescopic beams 9 of the adjacent supports 1B, 1D and the roof, the front is isolated by the rear baffle 5 of the support 1C, and the left and right sides are isolated by the side baffles 4 of the supports 1B, 1D, respectively. The bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 operates to unload the filling body 10 into the filling space 6. Similarly, the spaces behind the supports 1A, 1E... are sequentially filled in order.
[0035] Example 4 The working face solid filling method of the present application is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, a plurality of hydraulic supports 1 complete interval shifting, and the bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is hung below the rear tail beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1 and above the filling space 6; the number of hydraulic supports 1 is adapted to the size of the working face to be filled in actual work, which is not limited here.
[0036] Step 2, the first round of shifting is started for the hydraulic supports 1 located in the odd-numbered sequence; Step 3, the second round of shifting is started for the hydraulic supports 1 located in the even-numbered sequence; Step 4, steps 2 and 3 are cycled until the working face filling is completed.
[0037] The specific process in step 1 is: Initial state setting: In the initial state, the working face filling hydraulic support 1 (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F...) has completed interval shifting, and the adjacent supports form a staggered arrangement of one standard step distance in front and back, and the bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is hung below the rear tail beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1 and above the filling space 6.
[0038] The specific process in step 2 is: The first round (non-first round) operation: As shown in Figure 2As shown, the first round of frame movement begins, starting with the odd-numbered frames (e.g., frames 1A, 1C, 1E, etc.). After frame 1C moves forward two steps (one step in the first round), a filling space 6 is formed between its tail and the stationary frames 1B and 1D. The top of this space is supported by the tail beam 3 and telescopic beam 9 of frame 1C and adjacent frames 1B and 1D, respectively. The front is isolated by the rear enclosure 5 of frame 1C, and the left and right sides are isolated by the side enclosures 4 of frames 1B and 1D. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 operates, unloading the filling material 10 into the filling space 6. Similarly, the spaces behind frames 1A, 1E, etc., are filled sequentially.
[0039] The specific process in step 3 is as follows: Second round of assignments: like Figure 3 As shown, the second round of frame shifting begins, moving forward even-numbered frames that were not moved in the previous round (such as frames 1B, 1D, 1F, etc.). Frame 1B moves forward two steps to reach the new support position, and a new filling space 6 is formed between the tail of the frame and frames 1A and 1C. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 runs again, unloading the filling material 10 into the filling space 6.
[0040] Example 5 The solid filling method for the working face of this invention is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Several hydraulic supports 1 are moved at intervals. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 is suspended below the tail beam 3 of the hydraulic supports 1 and above the filling space 6. The number of hydraulic supports 1 is adapted to the size of the working surface to be filled in the actual work, and is not limited here.
[0041] Step 2: Begin the first round of frame shifting for hydraulic support 1, which is located in an odd-numbered position; Step 3: Begin the second round of frame shifting for hydraulic support 1, which is located in an even-numbered position; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the working face is filled.
[0042] The specific process in step 1 is as follows: Initial state settings: In the initial state, the hydraulic supports 1 (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F...) filling the working face have completed the interval shifting, and the adjacent supports form an arrangement sequence with a standard step distance staggered front and back. The bottom discharge scraper conveyor 7 is suspended below the tail beam 3 of the hydraulic support 1 and above the filling space 6.
[0043] The specific process in step 2 is as follows: First round (not the first round) of assignments: like Figure 2As shown, the first round of frame movement begins, starting with the odd-numbered frames (e.g., frames 1A, 1C, 1E, etc.). After frame 1C moves forward two steps (one step in the first round), a filling space 6 is formed between its tail and the stationary frames 1B and 1D. The top of this space is supported by the tail beam 3 and telescopic beam 9 of frame 1C and adjacent frames 1B and 1D, respectively. The front is isolated by the rear enclosure 5 of frame 1C, and the left and right sides are isolated by the side enclosures 4 of frames 1B and 1D. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 operates, unloading the filling material 10 into the filling space 6. Similarly, the spaces behind frames 1A, 1E, etc., are filled sequentially.
[0044] The specific process in step 3 is as follows: Second round of assignments: like Figure 3 As shown, the second round of frame shifting begins, moving forward even-numbered frames that were not moved in the previous round (such as frames 1B, 1D, 1F, etc.). Frame 1B moves forward two steps to reach the new support position, and a new filling space 6 is formed between the tail of the frame and frames 1A and 1C. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 runs again, unloading the filling material 10 into the filling space 6.
[0045] The specific process in step 4 is as follows: Nth round of assignments: This process is repeated, with steps 2 and 3, until the solid filling of the entire working face is completed, thus achieving continuous and efficient solid filling mining of the working face.
[0046] Example 6 Compared to embodiment 5, in this embodiment, the height of the side enclosure 4 and the rear enclosure 5 is lower than the height of the bottom of the discharge port of the bottom-discharge scraper conveyor 7 suspended on the rear tail beam 3. The side enclosure 4 and the rear enclosure 5 are made of steel, and the length of the side enclosure 4 is not less than two standard step distances.
Claims
1. A method for solid filling at a working face, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Several hydraulic supports (1) complete the interval shifting, and the bottom-discharge scraper conveyor (7) is suspended below the tail beam (3) of the hydraulic support (1) and above the filling space (6); Step 2: For the odd-numbered hydraulic supports (1), begin the first round of support shifting and filling; Step 3: For hydraulic supports with even-numbered positions, (1) begin the second round of support shifting and filling; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the working face is filled.
2. The solid filling method for the working face according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, several hydraulic supports (1) complete the interval shifting and form an arrangement sequence with the adjacent hydraulic supports (1) staggered by a standard step distance. The bottom-discharge scraper conveyor (7) in several hydraulic supports (1) is suspended below the rear tail beam (3) of the hydraulic support (1) and above the filling space (6).
3. The method for solid filling of the working face according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the hydraulic support (1) in the odd position is moved forward. After the odd position hydraulic support (1) moves forward two steps, a filling space is formed between the tail of the odd position hydraulic support (1) and the two adjacent even position hydraulic supports (1) that have not been moved.
4. The solid filling method for the working face according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top plate of the filling space is supported by the rear tail beam (3) and telescopic beam (9) of the odd-numbered hydraulic support (1) and the two adjacent even-numbered hydraulic supports (1). The front of the filling space is isolated by the odd-numbered rear enclosure (5). The left and right sides of the filling space are isolated by the side enclosures (4) of the two adjacent even-numbered hydraulic supports (1).
5. The method for solid filling of the working face according to claim 3, characterized in that, The odd-numbered hydraulic support (1) is operated by a bottom-discharge scraper conveyor (7) to unload the filling body (10) into the filling space (6), and the filling space (6) behind the odd-numbered hydraulic support (1) is filled in sequence.
6. The method for solid filling of the working face according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the hydraulic support (1) in the even-numbered position that was not moved in the previous round is moved forward. The hydraulic support (1) in the even-numbered position moves forward two steps to reach the new support position, and a new filling space is formed between the hydraulic support (1) in the even-numbered position and the two adjacent hydraulic supports (1) in the odd-numbered position.
7. The method for solid filling of the working face according to claim 6, characterized in that, The even-numbered hydraulic support (1) is operated by a bottom-discharge scraper conveyor (7) at the tail, which unloads the filling body (10) into the filling space (6). The filling space (6) behind the even-numbered hydraulic support (1) is filled in sequence.
8. The method for solid filling of the working face according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic support (1) includes a base (2), side enclosures (4) are provided on the left and right sides of the base (2), and a rear enclosure (5) is provided at the rear of the base (2); the hydraulic support (1) includes a rear tail beam (3), and a bottom-discharge scraper conveyor (7) is suspended on the rear tail beam (3).
9. The method for solid filling of a working face according to claim 8, characterized in that, The height of the side enclosure (4) and the rear enclosure (5) is lower than the height of the bottom of the discharge port of the bottom-discharge scraper conveyor (7) suspended on the rear tail beam (3).
10. The method for solid filling of the working face according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the side enclosure (4) and the rear enclosure (5) are made of rigid materials, and the length of the side enclosure (4) is not less than two standard step distances.