An encoding resistance unit and a biosensor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrochemical sensors, in particular to a coding resistance unit and a biosensor, which comprises: carbon lines and silver lines which are mutually superimposed, and the silver lines divide the carbon lines into two regions; further comprising a laser-engraved pattern which is completely within the range of the carbon lines, the laser-engraved pattern is divided into two parts by the silver lines and corresponds to the two regions of the carbon lines respectively; resistance units corresponding to gears are compiled according to the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in each region of the carbon lines, the shape of each resistance unit changes with the change of the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern; the resistance units in the same region are connected in series with each other, and the resistance units in different regions are connected in parallel with each other; the resistance values of the resistance units are calculated and summed to obtain a total resistance, and a corresponding coding value is generated based on the total resistance. The application has the effect of generating and identifying the coding identity of as many biosensors as possible through a simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electrochemical sensors, and in particular to an encoded resistance unit and a biosensor. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of electrochemical sensors, screen printing is considered a common electrode fabrication process due to its simplicity and relatively low ink raw material costs. However, with industry development and the increasing demand for mass production, this process has gradually revealed numerous uncontrollable problems. These include ink clogging the screen after prolonged exposure to air, interruptions in continuous production due to intermittent screen washing, slight deformation of the mesh after high-intensity printing leading to differences in printed patterns, uneven pressure from the squeegee during large-format printing resulting in inconsistent pattern thickness or burrs, and significant influence of temperature and humidity on printing quality. These issues pose challenges to mass production, making the control of intra-batch and inter-batch variations quite difficult.

[0003] To address this issue, corresponding coding information needs to be added during the production process as identification information between product batches to ensure product quality. When an electrochemical sensor with coded information (usually in the form of a test strip) is inserted into a matching detection instrument, the instrument applies a specific micro-voltage to the corresponding coded electrode on the test strip, forming a current loop and detecting the resistance value of this loop. The resistance value is used to determine and identify the coding information in the coded area of ​​the test strip, and the corresponding batch information is retrieved from the instrument's internal memory to confirm the coding of the test strip. This technology is also known as auto-coding technology. Biosensors with auto-coding recognition technology do not require users to manually adjust the code information built into the instrument or confirm the batch of test strips before use, thus simplifying user operation and avoiding measurement errors caused by incorrect batch information.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN102967637A describes an automatic coding device for information identification of electrochemical sensors. It uses screen printing technology to fabricate serpentine carbon wire electrodes and linearly arranged silver wire electrodes. Multiple circuits are connected by the overlap of specific points between the two. Laser etching technology is then used to etch / burn different points on the carbon wire electrodes, causing localized disconnections and thus changing the resistance value of the entire circuit. However, the coding circuit produced by this method has a relatively complex serpentine carbon wire pattern, requiring high precision in screen printing. Furthermore, errors in carbon-silver overprinting and laser etching can affect the determination of the resistance value to some extent.

[0005] Chinese invention patent application CN207148113A describes a simple and intuitive electrode coding method. It uses screen printing to create at least three silver electrodes, one of which has a carbon electrode printed on it, thus forming a resistor network. Multiple coding methods are achieved by controlling the continuity between different electrodes in the resistor network. While this coding system makes it easy to identify the resistance value, it can only handle a limited range of resistance changes, making it difficult to achieve precise matching for batch information definitions.

[0006] Chinese invention patent application CN110161095A discloses a method for adjusting the resistance of a biosensor. The method uses screen printing technology to obtain the resistance, and employs a dual-synchronous approach of laser-based resistance adjustment and measurement to accurately meet any resistance value requirement. However, this method requires complex equipment, and the process of adjusting and then measuring resistance may affect the efficiency of mass production. Furthermore, long-term equipment maintenance could pose a significant challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to achieve the generation and recognition of as many biosensor-encoded identities as possible with a simple structure, this application provides an encoding resistor unit and a biosensor.

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides an encoded resistor unit, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An coded resistor unit includes carbon wires and silver wires superimposed on each other, wherein the silver wires divide the carbon wires into two regions;

[0010] It also includes a laser-engraved pattern that falls entirely within the range of the carbon line, the laser-engraved pattern being divided into two parts by the silver line and corresponding to two regions of the carbon line respectively;

[0011] Based on the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in each region of the carbon wire, a resistor unit corresponding to the specified range is generated, and the shape of each resistor unit changes with the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern.

[0012] The resistor units within the same region are connected in series, and the resistor units in different regions are connected in parallel.

[0013] The resistance values ​​of each resistor unit are calculated and summed to obtain the total resistance. Based on the total resistance, a corresponding coded value is generated.

[0014] In some embodiments, the carbon wire and the silver wire are overlaid in the same direction or intersecting perpendicularly, wherein,

[0015] When overprinting in the same direction, the laser engraving pattern is an engraving frame or an engraving line. If it is an engraving frame, the gear level is switched based on the change of the long or wide side of the engraving frame. If it is an engraving line, it corresponds to the smallest gear level.

[0016] When the laser engravings are perpendicularly intersecting and overlapping, the laser engraving pattern is an engraving line, and the gear switching is based on the change in the length of the engraving line.

[0017] In some embodiments, the laser-engraved pattern is an engraved frame, and the compilation of the resistor unit specifically includes:

[0018] Based on the wide side direction of the engraving frame, a first resistance unit and a third resistance unit are generated in one region of the carbon wire, and a fourth resistance unit and a sixth resistance unit are generated in another region.

[0019] Based on the long side direction of the engraving frame, a second resistance unit and a fifth resistance unit are generated in two regions of the carbon wire, respectively.

[0020] The lengths of the second and fifth resistor units are equal to the length of the long side of the engraving frame within their respective regions, and their widths are equal to the distance between the long side and the edge of the carbon line on the same side in the same direction.

[0021] The lengths of the first resistor unit, the third resistor unit, the fourth resistor unit, and the sixth resistor unit are equal to the distance between the edge of the carbon wire and the edge of the silver wire located on the same side in the region, and the widths are equal to the widths of the second resistor unit or the fifth resistor unit.

[0022] The direction of the length corresponds to the direction through which the current flows.

[0023] In some embodiments, the laser-engraved pattern is an engraved line, and the compilation of the resistor unit specifically includes:

[0024] Based on the length direction of the engraved line, a first resistance unit and a third resistance unit are generated in one region of the carbon line, and a fourth resistance unit and a sixth resistance unit are generated in another region.

[0025] Based on the perpendicular direction of the length direction of the engraved line, a second resistance unit and a fifth resistance unit are generated in two regions of the carbon line, respectively.

[0026] The width of the second resistor unit and the fifth resistor unit is equal to the distance between the end of the engraved line and the edge of the carbon line in the region they are located in, and the length is equal to twice the width;

[0027] The lengths of the first resistor unit, the third resistor unit, the fourth resistor unit, and the sixth resistor unit are equal to the length of the engraved line within their respective regions, and their widths are equal to the widths of the second resistor unit or the fifth resistor unit.

[0028] The direction of the length corresponds to the direction through which the current flows.

[0029] In some embodiments, the number of engraved lines is one or more. When the number of engraved lines is greater than 1, several engraved lines are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the silver line and the interval distance is greater than a preset value.

[0030] In some embodiments, the total resistance is proportional to both the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern.

[0031] Secondly, this application provides a biosensor, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0032] A biosensor includes two independent sets of coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting to an instrument. The electrode pins are paired to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively.

[0033] The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in the coded resistor unit can be adjusted by setting the laser engraving parameters to configure different levels.

[0034] The total resistance value corresponding to each of the encoding resistor units is calculated based on the gear position, and the corresponding encoding value is generated based on the combination of the total resistance values ​​of two encoding resistor units.

[0035] Thirdly, this application provides a biosensor, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0036] A biosensor includes more than two sets of independent coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting to an instrument. The electrode pins are paired to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively.

[0037] The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in the coded resistor unit can be adjusted by setting the laser engraving parameters to configure different levels.

[0038] Select any one of the coded resistor units as a reference object and calculate the total resistance; use the remaining coded resistor units as coding objects and calculate the total resistance.

[0039] The resistance ratio between each coded object and the reference object is calculated based on the gear position, and a corresponding coded value is generated based on the combination of several resistance ratios.

[0040] Fourthly, this application provides a biosensor, employing the following technical solution:

[0041] A biosensor includes more than two sets of composite coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting to an instrument. The electrode pins are paired to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively.

[0042] Each of the composite coded resistor units is composed of several independent coded resistor units connected in series.

[0043] The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in the coded resistor unit can be adjusted by setting the laser engraving parameters to configure different levels.

[0044] Select any one of the composite coded resistor unit groups as a reference object and calculate the total resistance. Use the remaining composite coded resistor unit groups as coding objects and calculate the single total resistance of any one of the coded resistor units contained therein and / or the composite total resistance of the composite coded resistor units.

[0045] Based on the gear position, calculate the first resistance ratio and / or the second resistance ratio between each of the coded objects and the reference object, where the first resistance ratio is the ratio of the total resistance of the individual phase to the total resistance value, and the second resistance ratio is the ratio of the composite total resistance value to the total resistance value.

[0046] A corresponding encoded value is generated based on a combination of the first resistance ratio and / or the second resistance ratio.

[0047] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0048] Laser etching technology can be used to differentiate resistance values ​​on the coding unit pattern. Different coding values ​​are obtained based on the resistance differences. The coding values ​​are used to configure the identification information of the electrochemical sensor. The coding unit pattern has a simple structure. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of different overprinting methods of carbon wires and silver wires and different laser engraving patterns in an coded resistor unit provided in this embodiment.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of different levels in the coded resistor unit provided in the embodiments of this application when the laser engraving pattern is an engraving line.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the division of resistor units corresponding to different laser-engraved patterns in the coded resistor unit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the resistor unit division when there are multiple engraved lines in the coded resistor unit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a biosensor comprising two independent sets of coded resistor units provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a biosensor containing more than two independent coded resistor units provided in this embodiment.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a biosensor comprising two sets of composite coded resistor units provided in this embodiment;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a case where a biosensor containing two independent sets of coded resistor units in an embodiment of this application exhibits overprinting or overcutting deviation.

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a biosensor with more than two sets of coded resistor units in an embodiment of this application exhibiting misalignment or overprinting. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To better understand the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application, it has been described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented without these details. In some cases, to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application due to unnecessary description, well-known methods, processes, systems, components, and / or circuits already described at a higher level will not be elaborated upon. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the embodiments disclosed in this application, and the general principles defined in this application can be applied to other embodiments and application scenarios without departing from the principles and scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but conforms to the broadest scope consistent with the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0059] It should be noted that the descriptions of these embodiments are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0060] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0061] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application discloses an coded resistor unit, which includes carbon lines and silver lines that are superimposed on each other, and the silver lines divide the carbon lines into two regions.

[0063] The silver and carbon lines are overlaid using screen printing technology. The width of the carbon lines is generally between 0.10-4.00 nm, and the width of the silver lines is generally between 0.05-1.00 nm.

[0064] The overprinting arrangement of carbon and silver wires can be in the same direction or intersect each other perpendicularly. The specific overprinting pattern depends on the needs of the biosensor and also affects the shape of the subsequently selected laser engraving pattern and the number of switching levels that an coded resistor unit can achieve.

[0065] The silver wire is usually overprinted on the center line of the carbon wire, dividing the carbon wire into two regions, left and right, which are used to configure the subsequent equivalent resistance units.

[0066] It also includes laser-engraved patterns that fall entirely within the carbon line area, with the laser-engraved patterns divided into two parts by silver lines and corresponding to two areas of the carbon lines respectively.

[0067] Laser engraving is performed within the carbon line range using an infrared nanosecond / ultraviolet picosecond laser or other light source to obtain a laser engraved pattern. The laser engraved pattern falls entirely within the carbon line range. Depending on the shape of the laser engraved pattern, its length is less than the length or width of the carbon line, and its width is also less than the length or width of the carbon line. At the same time, the laser engraved pattern needs to completely cut through the silver line it passes through, so that there is a partial engraved pattern in the area on both sides of the silver line.

[0068] Meanwhile, the linewidth of the laser must be less than or equal to 100µm.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the corresponding resistor units are compiled according to the length and width of the laser-engraved patterns in each region of the carbon wire, and the shape of each resistor unit changes with the length and width of the laser-engraved patterns.

[0070] Resistor units within the same region are connected in series, while resistor units in different regions are connected in parallel.

[0071] The resistance values ​​of each resistor unit are calculated and summed to obtain the total resistance. Based on the total resistance, the corresponding coded value is generated.

[0072] The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern can be used to define the resistance value of the coded resistor unit. When the voltage is applied to both ends of the silver wire, the current flows in from one end of the silver wire, then branches around the laser-engraved pattern to both sides of the silver wire to form a parallel circuit and passes through the carbon wires on both sides. Finally, after passing around the laser-engraved pattern, the current converges again at the other end of the silver wire and flows out.

[0073] As the current flows through, it changes with the direction of the engraved pattern. In this application, when the direction of the current flow changes in the engraved pattern, a new resistor unit is generated. For example, when the engraved pattern is rectangular, taking the left area as an example, the current first flows along the width of the rectangle, corresponding to resistor unit 1. Then the direction changes so that the current flows along the length of the rectangle, corresponding to resistor unit 2. Finally, the direction changes so that the current flows along the width of the rectangle, corresponding to resistor unit 3. Therefore, there will be three resistor units in one area.

[0074] At the same time, these three resistor units are connected in series with each other and in parallel with three other resistor units in another region.

[0075] When measuring resistance, the resistance experienced by the current on the silver wire is small and can be ignored, while the resistance experienced by the current on the carbon wire is approximately equal to the resistance value of the current passing through the entire resistor unit.

[0076] According to the law of resistance:

[0077] .

[0078] in, L is the resistivity of the conductor material (in Ωm), L is the conductor length (in m), and S is the conductor cross-sectional area (in units). ),

[0079] Furthermore, since cross-sectional area = resistor thickness thk * resistor width w, the above formula can be further transformed into:

[0080] .

[0081] The ink properties of carbon or silver paste used in screen printing are stable and unchanging, so ρ is a constant. The thickness of screen-printed patterns is small, so they are considered as planar resistive patterns when calculating resistance values, and are also considered as small constants. Therefore, for regular and symmetrical printed patterns, the resistance change mainly considers the influence of length or width. The resistance value is directly proportional to the length and inversely proportional to the width.

[0082] Therefore, based on the above relationship between resistance and length and width parameters, this application adjusts the length and width parameters by configuring different shapes and sizes of the engraved pattern during laser engraving, so that the shape and size of each resistor unit changes with the change of the engraved pattern, thereby changing the total resistance on the encoding resistor unit to match different encoding values.

[0083] Laser etching technology can be used to differentiate resistance values ​​on the coding unit pattern. Different coding values ​​are obtained based on the resistance differences. The coding values ​​are used to configure the identification information of the electrochemical sensor. The coding unit pattern has a simple structure.

[0084] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some other embodiments, the carbon lines and silver lines are overprinted in the same direction or intersecting perpendicularly.

[0085] When printed in the same direction, the length directions of the carbon lines and silver lines are consistent. The width of the carbon lines is greater than the width of the silver lines and completely covers the width of the silver lines. The length of the silver lines is greater than the length of the carbon lines and completely covers the length of the carbon lines.

[0086] At the same time, the laser engraving pattern can be either an engraving frame or an engraving line.

[0087] When it is an engraved frame, the length direction of the engraved frame is the same as the length direction of the silver line and the carbon line, and half of the engraved frame is located on both sides of the carbon line.

[0088] When it is an engraved line, the length direction of the engraved line is perpendicular to the length direction of the silver line and carbon line. The engraved line can be understood as a rectangular shape with a very narrow width.

[0089] The difference between the engraved frame and the engraved line lies in the area of ​​the graphic they occupy. At the same time, the shape of the corresponding resistor unit is also different. However, the overall current flow still appears to circle the engraved pattern and return to the silver line.

[0090] Meanwhile, because the biosensor is a long and narrow rectangle, when the engraved pattern is a rectangular frame, its length can be extended on the biosensor to match multiple resistance levels by varying the length parameter, while the width can be extended to a shorter length, supporting only a limited number of resistance level changes.

[0091] When the engraved pattern is a straight line, it needs to completely cut the silver line and fall entirely within the carbon line area. Therefore, the engraved line can only intersect the silver line perpendicularly. As a result, the distance that the engraved line can extend in the width direction of the biosensor is limited. Thus, it can be used as the pattern corresponding to the smallest setting.

[0092] When the two lines are printed perpendicularly, the silver line passes perpendicularly through the carbon line to divide the two regions. The length of the carbon line and the width of the silver line are in the same direction, and the length of the carbon line is much greater than the width of the silver line. The width of the carbon line falls entirely within the length of the silver line.

[0093] In this overprinting mode, the laser engraving pattern is preferably an engraving line. Since the engraving line is perpendicular to the length direction of the silver line, its length can be extended to a greater extent along the length of the carbon line. Based on the different lengths of the engraving lines, multiple encoding levels can be switched and generated.

[0094] On the one hand, it can compress the size of the coding unit pattern and improve the efficiency of laser etching. On the other hand, because it occupies a smaller carbon line area, more unit patterns can be placed in an electrochemical sensor of the same size, achieving a greater variety of coding quantities.

[0095] In other embodiments, when the patterns are vertically intersecting and overlaid, the laser engraving pattern can also be selected to have an engraving frame.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, in some other embodiments, the laser-engraved pattern is an engraving frame, and the compiler resistor unit specifically includes:

[0097] Based on the wide side direction of the engraving frame, the first and third resistance units are generated in one region of the carbon wire, and the fourth and sixth resistance units are generated in another region.

[0098] The second and fifth resistance units are generated in two regions of the carbon wire based on the long side direction of the engraving frame.

[0099] The lengths of the second and fifth resistor units are equal to the length of the long side of the engraving frame within their respective areas, and their widths are equal to the distance between the long side and the edge of the carbon line in the same direction on the same side.

[0100] The lengths of the first, third, fourth, and sixth resistance units are equal to the distance between the edges of the carbon and silver wires on the same side of their respective regions, and their widths are equal to the width of the second or fifth resistance unit.

[0101] First, the "length direction" in the above content is defined as the direction through which the actual current flows.

[0102] like Figure 3As shown, in order to more accurately define the correlation between the resistance value of the coding unit pattern and the laser engraving pattern, an equivalent resistance simulation calculation method is introduced. The area after the engraving frame is engraved is simplified in the simulation to simplify the complex planar resistance pattern into 6 independently calculable rectangular planar resistors, namely R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6.

[0103] Among them, R1, R2, and R3, which are connected in series, are located on one side of the carbon wire and form parallel loop 1, while R4, R5, and R6, which are connected in series, are located on the other side of the carbon wire and form parallel loop 2.

[0104] Meanwhile, the second and fifth resistors correspond to the long side of the engraving frame, and the current flows up and down along the long side. Therefore, the length direction of the second resistor corresponds to the long side direction, and its length is equal to the length of the long side of the engraving frame. The width corresponds to the width of the carbon line on the same side minus the width of the engraving frame on the same side.

[0105] The length of the first, third, fourth, and sixth resistor units corresponds to the width of the engraving frame, and their length corresponds to the width of the carbon line on their respective side, while their width is equal to the width of the second or fifth resistor.

[0106] like Figure 3 As shown, in some other embodiments, the laser-engraved pattern is an engraved line, and the compiler resistor unit specifically includes:

[0107] Based on the length direction of the engraved line, the first and third resistance units are generated in one region of the carbon line, and the fourth and sixth resistance units are generated in another region.

[0108] The second and fifth resistance units are generated in two regions of the carbon wire based on the vertical direction of the engraved line length.

[0109] The width of the second and fifth resistor units is equal to the distance between the end of the engraved line and the edge of the carbon line in the region, and the length is equal to twice the width.

[0110] The lengths of the first, third, fourth, and sixth resistor units are equal to the length of the engraved lines within their respective areas, and their widths are equal to the width of the second or fifth resistor unit.

[0111] The direction of the length corresponds to the direction through which the current flows.

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, when the laser engraving image is an engraving line, the area after the engraving frame is also simplified and simulated to simplify the complex planar resistor pattern into 6 independently calculable rectangular planar resistors, namely R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6.

[0113] R1, R2, and R3, which are connected in series, are located on one side of the carbon wire and form parallel loop 1. R4, R5, and R6, which are connected in series, are located on the other side of the carbon wire and form parallel loop 2.

[0114] The second and fifth resistors correspond to the wide side of the engraving line, and the current flows up and down along the wide side. The length direction of the second and fifth resistors corresponds to the wide side of the engraving line. Since the engraving line is equivalent to an engraving frame with a very short wide side, the second and fifth resistors cannot be directly adjusted according to the width of the engraving line. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the width of the second and fifth resistors is defined first.

[0115] Its width is the distance between the end of the engraved line on one side and the edge of the carbon line on the same side, while its length is equal to the sum of the widths of the first and third resistors next to it, or equal to the sum of the widths of the fourth and sixth resistors next to it.

[0116] Meanwhile, since the widths of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 need to be kept synchronized, the width of any one of the resistor units R1, R3, R4, and R6 should be equal to the width of R2 and R4. Therefore, the lengths of R2 and R4 are equal to the sum of their two width values.

[0117] The length of the first, third, fourth, and sixth resistor units corresponds to the length of the engraved line, so their length is equal to the length of the engraved line on their respective side, while their width is equal to the width of the second and fifth resistors.

[0118] In other embodiments, the number of engraved lines is one or more. When the number of engraved lines is greater than 1, the engraved lines are arranged at intervals along the length of the silver line and the interval distance is greater than a preset value.

[0119] like Figure 4 As shown, when the laser engraving pattern is an engraving line, since straight lines occupy a small area of ​​the graphic, multiple laser engraving lines can be introduced into the same coding unit graphic. This method can also effectively increase the coding resistance of the unit graphic.

[0120] The spacing between two adjacent straight lines should not be too close, otherwise it will affect the accuracy of the equivalent resistance calculation.

[0121] The lengths of different straight line patterns can be the same or different. Assuming that the carbon and silver line patterns and the laser linewidth remain constant, the total resistance of the six equivalent resistors corresponding to any given straight line pattern depends only on the length of that line.

[0122] Thus, when multiple laser-engraved lines exist within a single coded resistor unit, adjusting the lengths of these lines allows for greater variation in the overall resistance value. Theoretically, if a single laser-engraved line can achieve four different resistance levels through length variations, and if the lengths of two laser-engraved lines can differ, then two laser-engraved lines can achieve four * four resistance levels. Furthermore, when the lengths of two laser-engraved lines must remain consistent, because the resistor units corresponding to the two lines are connected in series, the change in total resistance value corresponding to the two lines is significantly greater than the change corresponding to the single line under the same length variation. Therefore, more resistance levels can be generated through minute variations in line length.

[0123] like Figure 3 As shown, in other embodiments, the total resistance is proportional to both the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern.

[0124] First, the calculation process for the total resistance will be explained in detail:

[0125] (1) When the laser engraving pattern is an engraving frame, the total resistance is:

[0126] ;

[0127] ;

[0128] =

[0129] =

[0130] = ;

[0131] in, The width of the silver line. The width of the carbon line. This refers to the length of the laser engraving frame. denoted as the width of the laser engraving frame, and k as a coefficient. Since the thickness of the encoding resistor unit is extremely small and its resistivity is stable, k is a constant.

[0132] As can be seen from the above formula, the total resistance of an encoding resistor unit, with the length and width of the silver wire and carbon wire fixed, is only related to the length and width of the laser engraving frame.

[0133] As the length of the laser engraving frame increases, the lengths of the R2 and R5 shapes also increase, resulting in an increase in their resistance. The shapes of the other four resistors remain unchanged. Increase; conversely reduce;

[0134] When the width of the laser engraving frame increases, the width of the R2 and R5 shapes decreases accordingly, and their resistance increases. The length of the other four resistors remains unchanged, but their width decreases synchronously to match the width of R2 and R5, and their resistance also increases accordingly. Therefore, the total resistance R increases, and vice versa.

[0135] Therefore, the total resistance is proportional to both the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern.

[0136] (2) When the laser engraving pattern is an engraving frame, the total resistance is calculated in the same way as above, and it is also positively correlated with the length and width of different resistance units.

[0137] Assuming the width of the laser-engraved line remains constant, when its length increases, the width of the R2 and R5 patterns narrows, and their resistance increases. The lengths of the other four resistors also increase as the width of R2 and R5 narrows, and their resistances also increase. Therefore, the total R increases; conversely, the total R decreases.

[0138] like Figure 5 As shown, this application also discloses a biosensor, including two sets of independent coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting to instruments. The several electrode pins are combined in pairs to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively.

[0139] Specifically, the electrochemical biosensor with two sets of independently coded resistor units in this application is designed with a total of 6 electrode pins connected to the instrument. The definitions of each pin are as follows:

[0140] Pin 1: Hct electrode 1

[0141] Pin 2: Power-on electrode

[0142] Pin 3: Encoding electrode 1

[0143] Pin 5: Working electrode

[0144] Pin 6: Encoding electrode 2

[0145] Pin 7: Hct electrode 2.

[0146] The connection methods and functions of each pin are as follows:

[0147] Before adding sample:

[0148] Pins 2-3: Insert the test strip into the instrument and power on to wake up the instrument;

[0149] Pins 1-3: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the coded resistance.

[0150] Pins 6-7: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the coded resistance.

[0151] The instrument identifies the batch information of the electrochemical sensor based on the results of the two sets of coded signals.

[0152] After adding the sample:

[0153] Pins 1-7: Apply alternating current to both ends of the instrument pins to measure the sample impedance;

[0154] Pins 3-5: The instrument applies DC current to both ends of the pins to measure the current signal.

[0155] Different settings can be configured by adjusting the length and width of the laser engraving pattern in the encoding resistor unit by setting the laser engraving parameters.

[0156] The total resistance value corresponding to each encoding resistor unit is calculated based on the gear position, and the corresponding encoding value is generated based on the combination of the total resistance values ​​of two encoding resistor units.

[0157] The resistance values ​​(mm) of each position of the encoding unit graphic are shown in Table 1 below:

[0158] Table 1. Resistance values ​​(mm) of each position of the encoding unit graphic.

[0159]

[0160] Definition of the number of encoded values:

[0161] The number of encoded values ​​is determined by the number of resistance values ​​that a single encoded pattern can distinguish and the number of encoded unit patterns that the instrument can recognize. For example, in the image above, a single encoded pattern can accommodate six different lengths of laser-engraved frame patterns, and the resistance value corresponding to each laser-engraved frame pattern is easy to distinguish. Therefore, the sum of the resistance values ​​in the two regions corresponds to the final total resistance value and generates the corresponding encoded value. Theoretically, two sets of encoded unit patterns can achieve 6*6=36 encoded values.

[0162] like Figure 6 As shown, this application also discloses a biosensor, including more than two sets of independent coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting to instruments, wherein the several electrode pins are combined in pairs to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively.

[0163] Specifically, this application takes an electrochemical biosensor with three sets of independently coded resistor units as an example, which is designed with a total of 7 electrode pins connected to the instrument. The definitions of each pin are as follows:

[0164] Pin 1: Hct electrode 1

[0165] Pin 2: Power-on electrode

[0166] Pin 3: Encoding electrode 1

[0167] Pin 4: Encoding electrode 3

[0168] Pin 5: Working electrode

[0169] Pin 6: Encoding electrode 2

[0170] Pin 7: Hct electrode 2.

[0171] The connection methods and functions of each pin are as follows:

[0172] Before adding sample:

[0173] Pins 2-3: Insert the test strip into the instrument and power on to wake up the instrument;

[0174] Pins 1-3: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the coded resistance.

[0175] Pins 6-7: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the coded resistance.

[0176] Pins 4-5: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the coded resistance.

[0177] The instrument identifies the batch information of the electrochemical sensor based on the results of three sets of coded signals.

[0178] After adding the sample:

[0179] Pins 1-7: Apply alternating current to both ends of the instrument pins to measure the sample impedance;

[0180] Pins 3-5: The instrument applies DC current to both ends of the pins to measure the current signal.

[0181] The resistance values ​​(mm) of each position of the encoding unit graphic are shown in Table 2 below:

[0182] Table 2 Resistance values ​​(mm) for each position of the encoding unit graphic

[0183]

[0184] Different settings can be configured by adjusting the length and width of the laser engraving pattern in the encoding resistor unit by setting the laser engraving parameters.

[0185] Select any one of the coded resistor units as a reference and calculate the total resistance; use the remaining coded resistor units as the coding objects and calculate the total resistance.

[0186] The resistance ratio between each coded object and the reference object is calculated based on the gear position, and the corresponding coded value is generated based on the combination of several resistance ratios.

[0187] Definition of the number of encoded values:

[0188] Because the accuracy of screen printing is affected by many factors, when the coding unit pattern is defined as a planar resistor, the thickness of all patterns is assumed to be a measure (without considering differences). However, in reality, the printing thickness of patterns at different locations still varies.

[0189] To minimize the impact of thickness differences on the accuracy of equivalent resistance calculation, a set of coded resistors at the same location on each sensor is defined as a reference object, and other coded resistors are defined as coded objects. The coded value is obtained by calculating the resistance ratio between any set of coded objects and the reference object.

[0190] For example, a single coded graphic can accommodate six different lengths of laser-engraved frame graphics. There are two sets of resistance ratios between the coded object and the reference object. When the resistance of the reference object is fixed and does not change, 6*6*1=36 coded values ​​can be achieved. If we consider that the reference object also has resistance levels, such as four resistance levels, then 6*6*4=144 coded values ​​can be achieved.

[0191] This greatly reduces the misalignment or cumulative overprinting or overcutting deviations that exist in the production process, and further increases the number of coded values ​​that can be expanded in a biosensor.

[0192] like Figure 7 As shown, this application also discloses a biosensor, including more than two sets of composite coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting to instruments, wherein the several electrode pins are combined in pairs to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement and coded measurement, respectively.

[0193] Specifically, this application takes an electrochemical biosensor with three sets of composite coded resistor units as an example, which is designed with a total of 7 electrode pins connected to the instrument. The definitions of each pin are as follows:

[0194] Pin 1: Hct electrode 1

[0195] Pin 2: Power-on electrode

[0196] Pin 3: Encoding electrode 1

[0197] Pin 4: Encoding electrode 3

[0198] Pin 5: Working electrode

[0199] Pin 6: Encoding electrode 2

[0200] Pin 7: Hct electrode 2.

[0201] The connection methods and functions of each pin are as follows:

[0202] Before adding sample:

[0203] Pins 2-3: Insert the test strip into the instrument and power on to wake up the instrument;

[0204] Pins 1-3: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the resistance of the composite code.

[0205] Pins 6-7: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the resistance of the composite code.

[0206] Pins 4-5: The instrument applies a small voltage across the pins to measure the resistance of the composite code.

[0207] The instrument identifies the batch information of the electrochemical sensor based on the results of three sets of composite coded signals.

[0208] After adding the sample:

[0209] Pins 1-7: Apply alternating current to both ends of the instrument pins to measure the sample impedance;

[0210] Pins 3-5: The instrument applies DC current to both ends of the pins to measure the current signal.

[0211] Definition of the number of encoded values:

[0212] In Scheme 3, each group of coding electrodes consists of multiple coding unit resistors connected in series, so the total resistance is equal to the sum of the resistance values ​​of each coding unit resistor. In order to obtain more ranges of coding resistance values, it is possible to consider forming combinations of single and multiple tangent lines, and organically combining the resistance values ​​of each range corresponding to single and triple patterns, thereby obtaining a greater number of range resistance values.

[0213] When selecting single or triple tangent, the resistance value corresponding to each setting is different when adjusting the same length or width. For example, Table 3 shows the resistance values ​​of each setting in the encoding unit of the single pattern, and Table 4 shows the resistance values ​​of each setting in the encoding unit of the triple pattern.

[0214] Table 3 Resistance values ​​for each level of the encoding unit graphic (single graphic)

[0215]

[0216] Table 4 Resistance values ​​for each position of the encoding unit graphic (three-fold graphic)

[0217]

[0218] Different settings can be configured by adjusting the length and width of the laser engraving pattern in the encoding resistor unit by setting the laser engraving parameters.

[0219] Select any one composite coded resistor unit group as a reference object and calculate the total resistance. Use the remaining composite coded resistor unit groups as coding objects and calculate the single total resistance of any coded resistor unit contained therein and / or the composite total resistance of the composite coded resistor unit.

[0220] Based on the gear position, calculate the first resistance ratio and / or the second resistance ratio between each coded object and the reference object. The first resistance ratio is the ratio of the total resistance of a single phase to the total resistance value, and the second resistance ratio is the ratio of the composite total resistance value to the total resistance value.

[0221] The corresponding encoded value is generated based on a combination of the first resistance ratio and / or the second resistance ratio.

[0222] The following methods can be implemented in this application embodiment: First, the total resistance of two sets of composite coded resistor units can be selected to calculate the resistance ratio with a reference resistor. Second, the total resistance of one coded resistor from each of the two sets of composite coded resistor units can be calculated and compared with the reference resistor. Third, in one set of composite coded resistor units, the total resistance of a single resistor can be selected, and in the other set, the total resistance of a single resistor can be compared with the reference resistor. Ultimately, when the reference resistor has a fixed resistance value, the two sets of composite coded resistor units can achieve 12*12=144 coded values. When the reference resistor's resistance can be adjusted (e.g., 4 levels), the two sets of composite coded resistor units can achieve 12*12*4=576 coded values.

[0223] The specific adjustment levels are shown in Table 5 below:

[0224] Table 5 Adjustment Gear

[0225]

[0226] Furthermore, as shown in the chart above, the resistance values ​​corresponding to position 5 for single-magnification images and position 7 for triple-magnification images are very close. To avoid difficulty in distinguishing the actual encoded values ​​due to the close resistance values, either position 5 or position 7 with extremely close resistance values ​​can be eliminated, resulting in a corresponding reduction in the number of codes.

[0227] In other embodiments, the effects of overprinting error and laser overprinting error on the final actual equivalent resistance also need to be considered.

[0228] According to the formula for calculating equivalent resistance, we can obtain:

[0229] .

[0230] When the printed pattern design of the coded resistor is determined and the laser etching drawing corresponding to the product batch information is determined... , , as well as These four parameters are all fixed, therefore the total resistance It is a definite value.

[0231] However, if we consider the possibility of misregistration or overprinting deviations during the production process, then deviation verification is necessary. The following is a comparison of the equivalent resistance values ​​of the encoding unit pattern under several common misregistration or overprinting deviation scenarios:

[0232] like Figure 8 As shown, when there are only two independent sets of coded resistor units, the following production deviation conditions are set respectively:

[0233] Condition ①: Standard overprinting and cutting conditions;

[0234] Condition ②: The carbon wire is offset by 25% to the left and 25% to the right (the length of the silver wire is much greater than that of the carbon wire, so the offset of the carbon wire does not affect the resistance).

[0235] Condition ③: The laser engraving frame is offset by 25% at the bottom and 25% at the right (the length of the laser engraving frame is much smaller than the length of the carbon wire, so the downward offset of the engraving frame does not affect the resistance).

[0236] Condition 4: The silver line deviates 25% to the right.

[0237] The final results obtained from the resistance measurements are shown in Table 6 below:

[0238] Table 6. Resistance measurement results under different production deviation conditions

[0239]

[0240] By comparing the resistance values ​​of the coding unit patterns obtained under different deviation conditions in the table above, it can be determined that within a reasonable deviation range, the resistance value of the coding unit pattern has no significant impact. The coding unit pattern corresponding to the embodiment of this application has a strong resistance to overprinting / overprinting deviation.

[0241] like Figure 9 As shown in Table 7, when there are more than two independent sets of coded resistor units or composite coded resistor unit sets, the results obtained by resistance value measurement under standard condition ① and deviation condition ② are as follows:

[0242] Table 7. Resistance measurement results under standard conditions ① and deviation conditions ②

[0243]

[0244] The results of the coding / reference ratio comparison between the standard and deviation conditions in the table above show that, within a reasonable deviation range, the calculated resistance ratio % is not significantly affected. This indicates that the coding resistor unit corresponding to this application has strong resistance to overprinting / overprinting deviations, eliminating the need to check the accuracy of the resistance value after laser processing one by one during the production process.

[0245] The implementation principle is as follows:

[0246] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0247] Laser etching technology can be used to differentiate resistance values ​​on the coding unit pattern. Different coding values ​​are obtained based on the resistance differences. The coding values ​​are used to configure the identification information of the electrochemical sensor. The coding unit pattern has a simple structure.

[0248] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts in the accompanying drawings are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise expressly stated herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are performed, and they may be performed in other orders.

[0249] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A coding resistor unit, characterized in that, It includes carbon lines and silver lines that are overprinted on each other, and the silver lines divide the carbon lines into two regions; It also includes a laser-engraved pattern that falls entirely within the range of the carbon lines. The laser-engraved pattern is divided into two parts by the silver lines and corresponds to two regions of the carbon lines, respectively. Specifically, the carbon lines and silver lines are superimposed in the same direction or perpendicularly intersecting. When overprinting in the same direction, the laser engraving pattern is an engraving frame or an engraving line. If it is an engraving frame, the gear level is switched based on the change of the long or wide side of the engraving frame. If it is an engraving line, it corresponds to the smallest gear level. When the laser engravings are perpendicularly intersecting and overlapping, the laser engraving pattern is an engraving line, and the gear switching is based on the change in the length of the engraving line; Based on the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in each region of the carbon wire, corresponding resistor units are compiled, and the shape of each resistor unit changes with the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern. Specifically, Based on the wide and long sides of the engraving frame or the length and perpendicular directions of the engraving line, three resistance units are divided in each of the two regions of the carbon line. The size of each resistance unit varies with the shape of the engraving frame or the engraving line, and the resistance value of each resistance unit varies with the size of the resistance unit. The resistor units within the same region are connected in series, and the resistor units in different regions are connected in parallel. The resistance values ​​of each resistor unit are calculated and summed to obtain the total resistance. Based on the total resistance, a corresponding coded value is generated.

2. The coded resistor unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser-engraved pattern is an engraving frame, and the specific components of the resistor unit include: Based on the wide side direction of the engraving frame, a first resistance unit and a third resistance unit are generated in one region of the carbon wire, and a fourth resistance unit and a sixth resistance unit are generated in another region. Based on the long side direction of the engraving frame, a second resistance unit and a fifth resistance unit are generated in two regions of the carbon wire, respectively. The lengths of the second and fifth resistor units are equal to the length of the long side of the engraving frame within their respective regions, and their widths are equal to the distance between the long side and the edge of the carbon line on the same side in the same direction. The lengths of the first resistor unit, the third resistor unit, the fourth resistor unit, and the sixth resistor unit are equal to the distance between the edge of the carbon wire and the edge of the silver wire located on the same side in the region, and the widths are equal to the widths of the second resistor unit or the fifth resistor unit. The direction of the length corresponds to the direction through which the current flows.

3. The coded resistor unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser-engraved pattern is an engraved line, and the specific components of the resistor unit include: Based on the length direction of the engraved line, a first resistance unit and a third resistance unit are generated in one region of the carbon line, and a fourth resistance unit and a sixth resistance unit are generated in another region. Based on the perpendicular direction of the length direction of the engraved line, a second resistance unit and a fifth resistance unit are generated in two regions of the carbon line, respectively. The width of the second resistor unit and the fifth resistor unit is equal to the distance between the end of the engraved line and the edge of the carbon line in the region they are located in, and the length is equal to twice the width; The lengths of the first resistor unit, the third resistor unit, the fourth resistor unit, and the sixth resistor unit are equal to the length of the engraved line within their respective regions, and their widths are equal to the widths of the second resistor unit or the fifth resistor unit. The direction of the length corresponds to the direction through which the current flows.

4. The coded resistor unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The number of engraved lines is one or more. When the number of engraved lines is greater than 1, several engraved lines are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the silver line and the interval distance is greater than a preset value.

5. The coded resistor unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The total resistance is proportional to both the length and width of the laser-engraved pattern.

6. The coded resistor unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The number of laser-engraved patterns is one or more. When the number of laser-engraved patterns is greater than 1, the distance between adjacent laser-engraved patterns is greater than a preset value.

7. A biosensor, characterized in that, It includes two independent sets of coded resistor units as described in any one of claims 1-6 and a plurality of electrode pins for connecting the instrument, wherein the plurality of electrode pins are combined in pairs to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively. The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in the coded resistor unit can be adjusted by setting the laser engraving parameters to configure different levels. The total resistance value corresponding to each of the encoding resistor units is calculated based on the gear position, and the corresponding encoding value is generated based on the combination of the total resistance values ​​of two encoding resistor units.

8. A biosensor, characterized in that, It includes more than two independent coded resistor units as described in any one of claims 1-6 and a plurality of electrode pins for connecting the instrument, wherein the plurality of electrode pins are combined in pairs to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively. The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in the coded resistor unit can be adjusted by setting the laser engraving parameters to configure different levels. Select any one of the coded resistor units as a reference object and calculate the total resistance; use the remaining coded resistor units as coding objects and calculate the total resistance. The resistance ratio between each coded object and the reference object is calculated based on the gear position, and a corresponding coded value is generated based on the combination of several resistance ratios.

9. A biosensor, characterized in that, The instrument includes more than two groups of composite coded resistor units and several electrode pins for connecting the instrument. Each composite coded resistor unit is composed of several independent coded resistor units as described in any one of claims 1-6 connected in series. The several electrode pins are paired to correspond to power-on, impedance measurement, current signal measurement, and coded measurement, respectively. The length and width of the laser-engraved pattern in the coded resistor unit can be adjusted by setting the laser engraving parameters to configure different levels. Select any one of the composite coded resistor unit groups as a reference object and calculate the total resistance. Use the remaining composite coded resistor unit groups as coding objects and calculate the single total resistance of any one of the coded resistor units contained therein and / or the composite total resistance of the composite coded resistor units. Based on the gear position, calculate the first resistance ratio and / or the second resistance ratio between each of the coded objects and the reference object, where the first resistance ratio is the ratio of the total resistance of the individual phase to the total resistance value, and the second resistance ratio is the ratio of the composite total resistance value to the total resistance value. A corresponding encoded value is generated based on a combination of the first resistance ratio and / or the second resistance ratio.

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