Anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading clamp adaptive to universal testing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass mechanics experiment devices, and discloses an anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading clamp adaptive to a universal testing machine, an adaptive assembly comprises an upper adaptive plate and a lower adaptive plate, the upper adaptive plate is used for being matched and connected with an upper pressure head of the universal testing machine, and the lower adaptive plate is used for being matched and connected with a lower pressure head of the universal testing machine; the lower adapter plate is used for being matched and connected with a working table of the universal testing machine; the rotating assembly comprises an upper rotating table and a lower rotating table which are rotationally connected, the lower rotating table is rotationally matched with the lower adaptive plate, angle scale marks are arranged on the upper rotating table, rock sample fixing grooves for placing rock samples are formed in the upper rotating table and the lower rotating table, and limiting pieces for limiting displacement of the rock samples are arranged in the rock sample fixing grooves; the positioning assembly is arranged between the upper adaptation plate and the lower rotating table and used for fixing the rotating angle of the lower rotating table, the teaching experiment budget and operation requirements are met, and the problems that an existing clamp is complex in operation and high in cost, and equipment needs to be modified are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock mechanics experimental apparatus, and in particular to an anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of rock mechanics experiments, especially in university teaching and basic research, universal testing machines are frequently used to test the mechanical properties of rock samples. However, traditional fixtures are mostly designed for single-direction loading, only capable of vertical or horizontal loading, which cannot meet the needs of testing multi-angle mechanical parameters of anisotropic rock masses. When testing mechanical properties at different angles, it is often necessary to frequently change specialized fixtures, resulting in cumbersome experimental operations, low efficiency, high costs, and the potential for positioning errors due to repeated clamping, affecting test accuracy. Although some rotatable loading devices exist, they typically employ complex hydraulic or gear transmission structures, requiring structural modifications to the universal testing machine. This not only increases costs but also affects its routine functionality, making it difficult to adapt to the existing conditions of ordinary laboratories and teaching needs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine, comprising: The adapter assembly includes an upper adapter plate and a lower adapter plate. The upper adapter plate is used to connect with the upper indenter of the universal testing machine, and the lower adapter plate is used to connect with the worktable of the universal testing machine. The rotating assembly includes an upper rotating platform and a lower rotating platform that are rotatably connected. The lower rotating platform is rotatably engaged with the lower adapter plate. An angle scale line is provided on the upper rotating platform. Rock sample fixing grooves for placing rock samples are provided in the upper rotating platform and the lower rotating platform. Limiting components for restricting the displacement of rock samples are provided in the rock sample fixing grooves. A positioning component is disposed between the upper adapter plate and the lower rotary table to fix the rotation angle of the lower rotary table.

[0005] Optionally, the positioning component includes: The positioning seat is circumferentially fixed to the side wall of the lower rotary table; Two sets of positioning holes are respectively opened circumferentially on the opposite end faces of the positioning seat and the upper adapter plate; Multiple locating pins are used to engage between the two sets of locating holes.

[0006] Optionally, the positioning pin is provided with an annular anti-slip groove.

[0007] Optionally, the locating pin and the locating hole are interference-fitted.

[0008] Optionally, the end face of the upper adapter plate that contacts the upper pressure head of the universal testing machine and the end face of the lower adapter plate that contacts the lower rotary table are both provided with anti-slip textures.

[0009] Optionally, the anti-slip texture is a plurality of parallel strip grooves.

[0010] Optionally, the lower adapter plate has multiple bolt holes for connecting to the worktable of the universal testing machine.

[0011] Optionally, the measurement range of the angle scale line is 0°-180°, and the minimum scale value is 1°.

[0012] Optionally, the limiting element is an elastic buckle.

[0013] Optionally, each group of positioning holes has 36 holes, and the central angle between two adjacent positioning holes is 10°.

[0014] This invention discloses the following technical effects: by using adaptable components, the cost and functional impact of equipment modification are avoided; by using rotating components, multi-angle rapid adjustment is achieved, significantly shortening the testing time in multiple directions; by using positioning components, rock sample slippage and positioning deviation are reduced, improving testing accuracy; and finally, while ensuring the device's compatibility with universal testing machines, it also considers the device's economy, practicality, and reliability, adapting to the budget and operational needs of teaching experiments, effectively solving the problems of existing fixtures being cumbersome to operate, costly, and requiring equipment modification. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0016] In the diagram: 10. Bolt hole; 11. Upper adapter plate; 12. Lower adapter plate; 13. Anti-slip texture; 21. Upper rotating platform; 22. Lower rotating platform; 23. Rock sample fixing groove; 24. Limiting component; 30. Annular anti-slip groove; 31. Positioning seat; 32. Positioning pin; 33. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides an anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine, comprising: The adapter components include an upper adapter plate 11 and a lower adapter plate 12. The upper adapter plate 11 is used to connect with the upper pressure head of the universal testing machine, and the lower adapter plate 12 is used to connect with the worktable of the universal testing machine. The rotating assembly includes an upper rotating platform 21 and a lower rotating platform 22 that are rotatably connected. The lower rotating platform 22 is rotatably engaged with the lower adapter plate 12. An angle scale line is provided on the upper rotating platform 21. A rock sample fixing groove 23 for placing a rock sample is provided in the upper rotating platform 21 and the lower rotating platform 22. A limiting member 24 for limiting the displacement of the rock sample is provided in the rock sample fixing groove 23. A positioning component is disposed between the upper adapter plate 11 and the lower rotary table 22 to fix the rotation angle of the lower rotary table 22.

[0020] By combining the adapter, rotation, and positioning components, the device enables rapid and accurate multi-angle rock sample loading tests without modifying the universal testing machine. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, greatly improving testing efficiency and data reliability. It is especially suitable for teaching experiments and small-scale scientific research scenarios, and has good economic and practical value.

[0021] The main function of the angle scale is to provide precise angle or position indication, making it easy for users to make quantitative adjustments and read the values.

[0022] The rock sample fixing groove 23 is coaxially opened in the central area of ​​the upper rotating platform 21 and the lower rotating platform 22 to ensure that the axis of the rock sample coincides with the center of the rotating platform after it is loaded, thus avoiding off-center loading during loading.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning component includes: The positioning seat 31 is circumferentially fixed to the side wall of the lower rotary table 22; Two sets of positioning holes 33 are respectively opened along the circumference on the opposite end faces of the positioning seat 31 and the upper adapter plate 11; Multiple locating pins 32 are used to engage between two sets of locating holes 33.

[0024] The structure employs a double set of circumferentially distributed positioning holes 33 in conjunction with positioning pins, enabling rapid locking and releasing at any target angle, significantly improving the accuracy of angle adjustment and ease of operation.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning pin 32 is provided with an annular anti-slip groove 30.

[0026] The positioning pin 32 has an annular anti-slip groove 30 on its surface, which enhances the anti-slip performance when inserting and removing the pin by hand, making it easier for the operator to apply force during the insertion and removal process and preventing slippage or misoperation.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning pin 32 and the positioning hole 33 are interference fit.

[0028] The positioning pin 32 and the positioning hole 33 are interference fit, which ensures the structural stability after the angle is fixed and effectively prevents the positioning from loosening due to vibration or force during the loading process.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the end face of the upper adapter plate 11 that contacts the upper pressure head of the universal testing machine and the end face of the lower adapter plate 12 that contacts the lower rotating table 22 are both provided with anti-slip textures 13.

[0030] The anti-slip texture 13 on the upper surface of the upper adapter plate 11 adheres to the upper indenter of the universal testing machine to transmit force, preventing relative sliding between the upper and lower rotating platforms during loading. The anti-slip texture 13 on the lower adapter plate 12 fits tightly to the bottom of the lower rotating platform, enhancing frictional stability without restricting the angle adjustment of the rotating platform. The anti-slip texture 13 on the contact surface of the upper adapter plate 11 and the lower adapter plate 12 significantly enhances the frictional adhesion between the components, preventing relative sliding between the upper indenter and the lower rotating platform 22 during loading, and ensuring effective transmission of loading force.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the anti-slip texture 13 is a plurality of parallel strip grooves.

[0032] The anti-slip texture 13 adopts a parallel strip groove design, which not only ensures a good anti-slip effect, but also facilitates processing and manufacturing, and helps to maintain the integrity of the surface structure during long-term use.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower adapter plate 12 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 10 for connecting to the worktable of the universal testing machine.

[0034] The lower adapter plate 12 is provided with multiple bolt holes 10, which facilitates a firm connection with the worktable of the universal testing machine through standard bolts, providing a stable and reliable installation foundation and forming a stable support base.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the measurement range of the angle scale line is 0°-180°, and the minimum scale value is 1°, which facilitates intuitive reading and precise setting of the loading angle, and improves the repeatability and data comparability of the experiment.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member 24 is an elastic buckle that can automatically clamp after the rock sample is placed in, which not only ensures the stable fixation of the rock sample, but also facilitates the removal and placement of the rock sample, reducing the risk of damage to the rock sample.

[0037] Furthermore, the limiting component 24 is made of wear-resistant plastic and has an arc-shaped elastic sheet structure. In its natural state, it retracts inward and is symmetrically fixed in the middle of the inner wall of the rock sample fixing groove 23. After the rock sample is inserted, it can be automatically clamped to prevent the rock sample from shifting or sliding during the test, and it does not affect the operation of picking up and putting down the rock sample. When picking up and putting down the rock sample, it can be easily taken out by simply pressing the elastic buckle slightly. The operation is convenient and does not damage the rock sample. The coaxial design effectively ensures that the force direction of the rock sample is consistent with the preset angle, thereby improving the reliability of the test data.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, each group of positioning holes 33 has 36 holes, and the central angle between two adjacent positioning holes 33 is 10°, which not only meets the accuracy requirements of most experiments, but also maintains the simplicity and operability of the structure.

[0039] Furthermore, the edges of the upper rotary table 21 and the lower rotary table 22 are polished smooth, so there is no jamming during rotation adjustment. With the help of the positioning components, it can be quickly fixed at any angle, reducing angle error, ensuring test accuracy and simplifying the operation process.

[0040] Working principle: Working principle: When conducting anisotropic rock mass mechanics tests, the device is first adapted and fixed to the universal testing machine through the adapter components: the lower adapter plate 12 is firmly fixed to the lower working table of the universal testing machine with bolts through the bolt holes 10 symmetrically opened at the four corners, forming a stable rigid support base; the upper adapter plate 11 does not require additional fixing and is directly placed between the upper pressure head and the upper rotary table 21 of the universal testing machine. The parallel strip-shaped anti-slip texture 13 on its front side ensures that the upper adapter plate 11 and the upper pressure head are closely fitted and transmit force; the parallel groove-shaped anti-slip texture 13 of the lower adapter plate 12 is in frictional contact with the lower rotary table 22 to avoid relative sliding during loading, while not restricting the degree of freedom of the rotary table angle adjustment, thus constructing a complete and stable force transmission foundation.

[0041] When performing rock sample clamping, a standard cubic rock sample is placed in the rock sample fixing groove 23. The rock sample fixing groove 23 is coaxially opened in the central area of ​​the upper rotating platform 21 and the lower rotating platform 22, ensuring that the axis of the rock sample coincides with the center of the rotating platform after it is loaded, thus avoiding unbalanced loading from the source. The limiting member 24, which is symmetrically fixed in the middle of the inner wall of the groove, naturally retracts inward. When the rock sample is loaded, it automatically clamps the two sides of the rock sample through elastic deformation, further limiting horizontal displacement and working together to achieve stable clamping of the rock sample.

[0042] When the test angle needs to be adjusted, simply pull out the positioning pin 32 of the positioning component and rotate the lower rotary table 22 to allow it to rotate freely. The upper rotary table 21 has laser-engraved 0°-180° scale lines with a minimum scale of 1°, and the scale is coated with red anti-rust paint for easy and accurate reading. Positioning holes 33 are evenly spaced 36 times along the circumference of the upper adapter plate 11 and the edge of the positioning seat 31, with a central angle of 10° between adjacent holes. These holes, along with the interference fit structure of the positioning seat 31 and positioning pin 32 welded to the edge of the lower rotary table 22, allow for quick fixing by inserting the positioning pin 32 after aligning with the target angle. The annular anti-slip groove on the outer wall of the positioning pin 32 enhances positioning stability and facilitates hand-held insertion and removal.

[0043] After starting the universal testing machine, the upper pressure head applies downward pressure. During loading, the anti-slip texture 13 prevents relative sliding between components, the positioning component ensures that the angle does not shift, and the limiting component 24 restricts the displacement of the rock sample, so that the rock sample always maintains the preset angle and coaxial state, and the force is uniform and stable. The universal testing machine loads according to the conventional uniaxial compression parameters and records the stress-strain curve in real time to obtain the rock mass mechanical parameters in the corresponding direction. When testing parameters in multiple directions, the "pin removal-rotation-pin insertion-loading" process can be repeated without disassembling the fixture or rock sample, which greatly improves the testing efficiency.

[0044] This invention proposes a multi-angle loading fixture structure that differs from traditional fixtures. By directly fixing the overall structure, which includes an adapter component, a rotating component, and a positioning component, onto the upper and lower worktables of a universal testing machine, it achieves measurement targets that can be quickly adjusted without equipment modification. It can rapidly test the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and other mechanical parameters of rock masses in different directions (such as bedding and fracture directions). This invention solves the problems of cumbersome operation, high cost, and the need for equipment modification in existing rock mass anisotropy testing fixtures in university laboratories. It is suitable for undergraduate teaching experiments and basic research in the fields of hydraulic engineering and geotechnical engineering.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-angle loading fixture for anisotropic rock masses adapted to a universal testing machine, characterized in that, include: The adapter assembly includes an upper adapter plate (11) and a lower adapter plate (12). The upper adapter plate (11) is used to connect with the upper pressure head of the universal testing machine, and the lower adapter plate (12) is used to connect with the worktable of the universal testing machine. The rotating assembly includes an upper rotating platform (21) and a lower rotating platform (22) that are rotatably connected. The lower rotating platform (22) is rotatably engaged with the lower adapter plate (12). Angle scale lines are provided on the upper rotating platform (21). Rock sample fixing grooves (23) for placing rock samples are provided in the upper rotating platform (21) and the lower rotating platform (22). Limiting members (24) for limiting the displacement of rock samples are provided in the rock sample fixing grooves (23). A positioning component is disposed between the upper adapter plate (11) and the lower rotary table (22) for fixing the rotation angle of the lower rotary table (22).

2. The anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component includes: The positioning seat (31) is circumferentially fixed to the side wall of the lower rotating platform (22); Two sets of positioning holes (33) are respectively opened along the circumferential direction on the opposite end faces of the positioning seat (31) and the upper adapter plate (11); Multiple locating pins (32) are used to engage between the two sets of locating holes (33).

3. The anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning pin (32) is provided with an annular anti-slip groove (30).

4. The anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning pin (32) and the positioning hole (33) are interference fit.

5. The anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the upper adapter plate (11) that contacts the upper pressure head of the universal testing machine and the end face of the lower adapter plate (12) that contacts the lower rotary table (22) are both provided with anti-slip textures (13).

6. A multi-angle loading fixture for anisotropic rock mass adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anti-slip texture (13) consists of several parallel strip grooves.

7. The anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower adapter plate (12) has multiple bolt holes (10) for connecting to the worktable of the universal testing machine.

8. The anisotropic rock mass multi-angle loading fixture adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement range of the angle scale is 0°-180°, and the minimum scale value is 1°.

9. A multi-angle loading fixture for anisotropic rock mass adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (24) is an elastic buckle.

10. A multi-angle loading fixture for anisotropic rock mass adapted to a universal testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of positioning holes (33) in each group is 36, and the central angle between two adjacent positioning holes (33) is 10°.

Images