Tray conveying line, feeding method, discharging method and adjusting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging tray conveying line, a feeding method, a discharging method and an adjusting method.The charging tray conveying line comprises a first charging tray conveying device, a second charging tray conveying device and a third charging tray conveying device which are sequentially arranged in the first horizontal direction, and each charging tray conveying device comprises two conveying belt mechanisms; the two conveying belt mechanisms are arranged on the two sides, in the second horizontal direction, of a tray station and used for bearing trays and driving the trays to move horizontally in the first horizontal direction, and the second horizontal direction is perpendicular to the first horizontal direction. The first tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device further comprise opening and closing mechanisms and two tray separating mechanisms, and the opening and closing mechanisms are connected with the conveying belt mechanisms and used for driving the two conveying belt mechanisms to get close to and get away from each other in the second horizontal direction. The two tray distributing mechanisms are arranged between the two conveying belt mechanisms, symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the tray station in the first horizontal direction and used for forking the trays in the first horizontal direction and driving the trays to ascend and descend. No mechanical arm needs to be arranged, and the occupied area is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material loading and unloading technology, and in particular to a material tray conveyor line, a material loading method, a material unloading method, and an adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] Tray loading and unloading technology is a crucial link in industrial automated material handling. In early manufacturing, tray loading and unloading were entirely manual. Workers manually moved fully loaded trays to the processing station, and after the material was used, the empty trays were removed and replaced with new ones. This initial stage of operation was only suitable for small-batch, low-cycle production scenarios and represented the initial form of tray loading and unloading technology. With the development of industrial mechanization, auxiliary equipment such as conveyor belts and simple robotic arms emerged. For example, a robotic arm removes trays from the hopper and places them on the loading station of a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt then transports the trays to a fixed station for positioning. Empty trays are then transported by the conveyor belt to the unloading station, where a robotic arm transfers the trays from the unloading station to the hopper. Existing tray conveyor systems occupy a large area. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a material tray conveyor line, a feeding method, a discharging method, and an adjustment method, which occupies a small area and has a relatively compact structure.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a tray conveying line, comprising a first tray conveying device, a second tray conveying device, and a third tray conveying device arranged sequentially along a first horizontal direction. The first, second, and third tray conveying devices each include two conveyor belt mechanisms. The two conveyor belt mechanisms are located on both sides of a tray station along a second horizontal direction and are used to carry the tray and drive the tray to move horizontally along a first horizontal direction, which is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. The first and third tray conveying devices further include an opening and closing mechanism and two tray-splitting mechanisms. The opening and closing mechanism is connected to the conveyor belt mechanism and is used to drive the two conveyor belt mechanisms to move closer to each other and further away from each other along the second horizontal direction. The two tray-splitting mechanisms are located between the two conveyor belt mechanisms and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tray station along the first horizontal direction, and are used to pick up the tray along the first horizontal direction and drive the tray to rise and fall.

[0005] Furthermore, the opening and closing mechanism includes two guide rails, an adjusting motor, a lead screw, and an adjusting cylinder. The two guide rails are arranged at a distance along the first horizontal direction and each extends along the second horizontal direction, and the two conveyor belt mechanisms are connected to the two guide rails; The adjusting motor corresponds to one of the conveyor belt mechanisms and is connected to the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism through the lead screw, and is used to drive the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism to translate along the second horizontal direction; The regulating cylinder corresponds to another conveyor belt mechanism and is connected to the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism to drive the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism to move horizontally along the second horizontal direction.

[0006] Furthermore, the opening and closing mechanism includes two lead screws and two adjusting cylinders. The two lead screws are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism along the first horizontal direction. The adjusting motor is connected to the two adjusting lead screws via a belt, and the two adjusting cylinders are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism along the first horizontal direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide rail, the adjusting motor, and the adjusting cylinder are mounted on the same base plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the tray-splitting mechanism includes a tray-splitting block, a lifting cylinder, and a telescopic cylinder. The tray-splitting block is used to contact the bottom of the tray. The lifting cylinder is connected to the tray-splitting block and is used to drive the tray-splitting block to move up and down in the vertical direction. The telescopic cylinder is connected to the lifting cylinder and is used to drive the lifting cylinder to move horizontally in the first horizontal direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the second tray conveying device includes the opening and closing mechanism, and both the first tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device include a telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism is connected to the tray-splitting mechanism and guides the tray-splitting mechanism to translate along the second horizontal direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a slide table, which connects the frame of the tray-splitting mechanism and the conveyor belt mechanism.

[0011] The present invention also provides a feeding method for the aforementioned tray conveying device, wherein the first tray conveying device is used, and the feeding method includes the following steps: S11, The opening and closing mechanism drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms to move away from each other along the second horizontal direction to a preset distance; S12, the two tray-separating mechanisms pick up the uppermost tray on the tray station and drive the picked-up tray to rise to the first preset height; S13, The opening and closing mechanism respectively drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms to reset; S14. The two disc-separating mechanisms drive the material discs to fall onto the conveyor belt mechanism; S15, the two disc-splitting mechanisms are reset.

[0012] The present invention also provides a feeding method for the aforementioned tray conveyor line, employing the third tray conveyor device, the feeding method comprising the following steps: S21. The two tray-separating mechanisms pick up the trays on the conveyor belt mechanism and drive the trays to rise to a first preset height. S22, The opening and closing mechanism respectively drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms to move away from each other along the second horizontal direction to a preset distance; S23. The two tray-separating mechanisms drive the forked trays to fall to the tray station. S24. The two disk-splitting mechanisms are reset; S25, The opening and closing mechanism drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms to reset.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for adjusting the aforementioned tray conveyor line, wherein the distance between the two conveyor belt mechanisms along the second horizontal direction is adjusted by the opening and closing mechanism, and the position of the tray dividing mechanism is adjusted by the telescopic mechanism.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: The material tray conveying line, feeding method, unloading method and adjustment method of the present invention, by setting a first material tray conveying device, a second material tray conveying device and a third material tray conveying device, wherein the first material tray conveying device and the second material tray conveying device include two openable and closable conveying mechanisms and a tray separating mechanism, so that the material tray feeding station and the material tray unloading station can be set below the first material tray conveying device and below the third material tray conveying device, and there is no need to set up a robot arm, thus reducing the floor space. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the material tray conveyor line disclosed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single tray conveying device disclosed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a single-disc mechanism disclosed in this invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: A. First tray conveyor; B. Second tray conveyor; C. Third tray conveyor; D. Base plate; 1. Conveyor belt mechanism; 2. Material tray; 3. Opening and closing mechanism; 31. Guide rail; 32. Adjusting motor; 33. Lead screw; 34. Adjusting cylinder; 35. Belt; 4. Dividing mechanism; 41. Dividing block; 42. Lifting cylinder; 43. Telescopic cylinder; 5. Telescopic mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] See Figures 1 to 3 The figure shows an embodiment of the material tray conveyor line disclosed in this invention.

[0020] The tray conveyor line includes a first tray conveyor A, a second tray conveyor B, and a third tray conveyor C arranged sequentially along a first horizontal direction. The first material tray conveying device A, the second material tray conveying device B, and the third material tray conveying device C all include two conveyor belt mechanisms 1. The two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 are located on both sides of a material tray station along the second horizontal direction, and are used to carry the material tray 2 and drive the material tray 2 to move horizontally along the first horizontal direction. The first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. The first material tray conveying device A and the third material tray conveying device C further include an opening and closing mechanism 3 and two tray-separating mechanisms 4. The opening and closing mechanism 3 is connected to the conveyor belt mechanism 1 and is used to drive the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 to move closer and further apart from each other along the second horizontal direction. The two tray-separating mechanisms 4 are located between the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 and are symmetrically located on both sides of the material tray station along the first horizontal direction. They are used to pick up the material tray 2 along the first horizontal direction and drive the material tray 2 to rise and fall.

[0021] In the above text, the tray conveyor line is used for automated material transfer and consists of three tray conveyor devices arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction. Its core function is to convey trays 2. The first tray conveyor device A, the second tray conveyor device B, and the third tray conveyor device C are the basic components of the tray conveyor line. Each tray conveyor device is equipped with two conveyor belt mechanisms 1, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tray station along the second horizontal direction. Their function is to carry the trays 2 and drive them to move horizontally along the first horizontal direction. The first and third tray conveyor devices are additionally equipped with an opening and closing mechanism 3 and two tray-separating mechanisms 4. The opening and closing mechanism 3 is connected to the conveyor belt mechanism 1 and its function is to drive the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 to move closer or further apart along the second horizontal direction. This is mainly to adjust the position of the conveyor belt mechanism 1 to avoid trays 2 moving downwards from above the conveyor belt mechanism 1, trays 2 moving upwards from below the conveyor belt mechanism 1, and trays 2 supported above the conveyor belt mechanism 1. The tray-separating mechanism 4 picks up the tray 2 along the first horizontal direction, which is used to drive the individual tray 2 from the top of the conveyor belt mechanism 1 to the bottom, from the bottom of the conveyor belt mechanism 1 to the top, and to land on the conveyor belt mechanism 1. The tray station of the first tray conveying device A is the tray loading position, the tray station of the second tray conveying device B is the material picking and placing position, and the tray station of the third tray conveying device C is the tray unloading position.

[0022] Specifically, both the loading and unloading stations can stack multiple layers of material trays.

[0023] The feeding method of the first material tray conveyor A mentioned above includes the following steps: S11. The opening and closing mechanism 3 drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 to move away from each other along the second horizontal direction to a preset distance; S12. The two tray-separating mechanisms 4 take the uppermost tray 2 on the tray station and drive the tray 2 to rise to the first preset height. S13. The opening and closing mechanism 3 drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 to reset respectively; S14. The two disc-splitting mechanisms 4 drive the material disc 2 to fall onto the conveyor belt mechanism 1. S15, the above two disc mechanisms 4 are reset.

[0024] The first tray conveyor A conveys tray 2 to the second tray conveyor B. After the material is removed or placed on the second tray conveyor B, the second tray conveyor B conveys tray 2 to the third tray conveyor C.

[0025] The feeding method of the third material tray conveyor C mentioned above includes the following steps: S21. The two disc-separating mechanisms 4 take the material tray 2 from the conveyor belt mechanism 1 and drive the material tray 2 to rise to the first preset height. S22. The opening and closing mechanism 3 drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 to move away from each other along the second horizontal direction to a preset distance; S23. The two tray-separating mechanisms 4 mentioned above drive the forked tray 2 to fall to the tray station mentioned above. S24, the two aforementioned sub-disc mechanisms 4 are reset; S25. The opening and closing mechanism 3 drives the two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 to reset.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, by setting up a first material tray conveying device, a second material tray conveying device and a third material tray conveying device, the first material tray conveying device and the second material tray conveying device include two openable and closable conveying mechanisms and a tray separating mechanism, so that the material tray loading station and the material tray unloading station can be set below the first material tray conveying device and the third material tray conveying device, and there is no need to set up a robot arm, thus reducing the floor space.

[0027] In this embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism 3 includes two guide rails 31, an adjusting motor 32, a lead screw 33, and an adjusting cylinder 34. The two guide rails 31 are arranged at a distance along the first horizontal direction and each extends along the second horizontal direction. The two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 are connected to the two guide rails 31. The aforementioned adjusting motor 32 corresponds to one of the aforementioned conveyor belt mechanisms 1, and is connected to the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 through the aforementioned lead screw 33, for driving the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 to translate along the aforementioned second horizontal direction; The aforementioned adjusting cylinder 34 corresponds to another of the aforementioned conveyor belt mechanisms 1, and is connected to the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 to drive the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 to translate along the aforementioned second horizontal direction.

[0028] In the above description, guide rail 31 serves as the guiding component of the opening and closing mechanism 3, providing stable guidance for the translation of conveyor belt mechanism 1. Adjusting motor 32 and lead screw 33 are one of the power components of the opening and closing mechanism. The rotation of adjusting motor 32 drives lead screw 33 to rotate, thereby driving the connected conveyor belt mechanism 1 to translate smoothly along the second horizontal direction, achieving precise adjustment of the spacing between conveyor belt mechanisms 1. Adjusting cylinder 34 is another power component of the opening and closing mechanism 3, correspondingly connected to another conveyor belt mechanism 1. The extension and retraction of the piston rod of adjusting cylinder 34 drives the conveyor belt mechanism 1 to translate along the second horizontal direction, cooperating with the motor-lead screw assembly to complete the spacing adjustment of the conveyor belt mechanisms 1 on both sides.

[0029] Specifically, in step S11 of the feeding method and step S22 of the unloading method, the control system issues a command to start the regulating motor 32 and rotate it in the forward direction, driving the lead screw 33 to rotate synchronously. The lead screw 33 converts the rotational motion into linear motion, driving the conveyor belt mechanism 1 connected to it to translate along the extension direction of the guide rail 31 (the second horizontal direction) towards the other conveyor belt mechanism 1. Simultaneously, the regulating cylinder 34 receives a command and initiates the piston rod extension action, pulling the other conveyor belt mechanism 1 connected to it to translate along the corresponding guide rail 31 towards the other conveyor belt mechanism 1. The two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 move towards each other along the two parallel guide rails 31 until they reach a preset distance, at which point the regulating motor 32 stops rotating and the piston rod of the regulating cylinder 34 locks.

[0030] In step S13 of the feeding method and step S22 of the unloading method, the control system issues a command to adjust the motor 32 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the lead screw 33 to rotate in the opposite direction, thus driving the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 to translate along the guide rail 31 in a direction away from the other conveyor belt mechanism 1. Simultaneously, the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 34 retracts, pushing the conveyor belt mechanism 1 connected to it to translate outward synchronously along the guide rail 31. The two conveyor belt mechanisms 1 move in opposite directions along the guide rail 31 until they reach the initial distance. The adjusting motor 32 and the adjusting cylinder 34 stop working and maintain their current positions.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, by setting an adjustable motor, not only can the conveyor belt mechanism 1 be opened and closed for a short time to realize the loading and unloading of the material tray, but the conveyor belt mechanism 1 can also be kept in one position for a long time. The initial distance between the two conveyor belt mechanisms can be adjusted to adapt to material trays of different sizes.

[0032] In this embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism 3 includes two lead screws 33 and two adjusting cylinders 34. The two lead screws 33 are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 along the first horizontal direction. The adjusting motor 32 is connected to the two adjusting lead screws 33 through a belt 35. The two adjusting cylinders 34 are respectively connected to the two ends of the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 along the first horizontal direction.

[0033] In the above description, the opening and closing mechanism 3 includes two guide rails 31, an adjusting motor 32, two lead screws 33, two adjusting cylinders 34, and a belt 35. The two lead screws 33 are spaced apart along a first horizontal direction and extend along a second horizontal direction. One end of each lead screw 33 is connected via the belt 35, and the other end is connected to the two ends of the same conveyor belt mechanism 1 along the first horizontal direction. The output end of the adjusting motor 32 is driven by one of the lead screws 33, and is used to synchronously drive the two lead screws 33 to rotate via the belt 35, thereby driving the corresponding conveyor belt mechanism 1 to move smoothly along the second horizontal direction. The two adjusting cylinders 34 are spaced apart along the first horizontal direction. The cylinder bodies are fixedly connected to the frame (or guide rail base), and the piston rods are rigidly connected to the two ends of the other conveyor belt mechanism 1 along the first horizontal direction, and are used to synchronously drive the conveyor belt mechanism 1 on that side to move smoothly along the second horizontal direction.

[0034] Specifically, the two lead screws 33 and the two adjusting cylinders 34 ensure that the two ends of the conveyor belt mechanism 1 move synchronously, thus preventing the conveyor belt mechanism from tilting or jamming.

[0035] By using the above technical solution, two lead screws and two adjusting cylinders are set up to ensure that the conveyor belt mechanism is subjected to uniform force during translation, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the conveyor belt mechanism's translation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the guide rail 31, the adjusting motor 32, and the adjusting cylinder 34 are mounted on the same base plate D.

[0037] In the above text, the base plate D is the mounting reference component of the opening and closing mechanism 3, providing a unified mounting carrier for the guide rail 31, the adjusting motor 32, and the adjusting cylinder 34.

[0038] By using the above technical solution and setting a base plate, the relative positional accuracy of each component of the opening and closing mechanism is ensured, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure and the consistency of assembly.

[0039] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned tray-separating mechanism 4 includes a tray-separating block 41, a lifting cylinder 42, and a telescopic cylinder 43. The tray-separating block 41 is used to contact the bottom of the material tray 2. The lifting cylinder 42 is connected to the tray-separating block 41 and is used to drive the tray-separating block 41 to rise and fall in the vertical direction. The telescopic cylinder 43 is connected to the lifting cylinder 42 and is used to drive the lifting cylinder 42 to translate in the first horizontal direction.

[0040] In the above description, the tray divider 41 is the direct actuator of the tray divider mechanism 4, used to contact the bottom of the tray 2. Its function is to fork and support the tray by contacting the bottom support, providing a force base for subsequent lifting and translating movements. The lifting cylinder 42 is the vertical drive component of the tray divider mechanism 4, directly connected to the tray divider 41. Its core function is to output vertical power, driving the tray divider 41 to rise and fall vertically, thereby lifting and lowering the tray 2 to meet the needs of tray layering or height adjustment. The telescopic cylinder 43 is the horizontal drive component of the tray divider mechanism 4, connected to the lifting cylinder 42. Its core function is to output telescopic power along the first horizontal direction, driving the lifting cylinder 42 and the connected tray divider 41 to move synchronously along the first horizontal direction, realizing the horizontal position adjustment or forklifting action of the tray.

[0041] Specifically, in the initial state, the tray block 41 and the lifting cylinder 42 are in a retracted standby state, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 43 is fully retracted, causing the tray block 41 to be located outside the material tray station (without contact with the bottom of the material tray 2); the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 42 is in a low position, and the height of the tray block 41 is lower than the bottom plane of the material tray 2. During the tray picking stage, the control system issues a picking command, the telescopic cylinder 43 is activated, and the piston rod extends along the first horizontal direction, causing the lifting cylinder 42 and the tray block 41 to move synchronously towards the material tray station until the tray block 41 moves directly below the material tray 2 and is completely in contact with the support area at the bottom of the material tray. During the material tray lifting stage, the lifting cylinder 42 receives a command and is activated, and the piston rod extends vertically upward, causing the tray block 41 to rise synchronously. The tray block 41 supports the material tray 2 and separates it from the bearing surface of the conveyor belt mechanism 1 or the loading station, and stops after rising to a preset height, completing the material tray lifting or layer separation operation. If the tray needs to be returned to the conveyor belt mechanism 1 or the unloading station, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 42 retracts downward, causing the tray 2 to descend synchronously until the tray falls back onto the bearing surface of the conveyor belt mechanism 1, and the tray divider 41 disengages from the bottom of the tray. During the reset standby phase, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 43 retracts along the first horizontal direction, causing the lifting cylinder 42 and the tray divider 41 to move horizontally to the outside of the tray station, returning to the initial standby position, waiting for the next forklift command.

[0042] The above technical solution enables the tray separating mechanism, which includes a tray separating block, a lifting cylinder, and a telescopic cylinder, to achieve the forking and lifting of the tray.

[0043] In this embodiment, the second tray conveying device B includes the opening and closing mechanism 3, and the first tray conveying device A and the third tray conveying device C both include a telescopic mechanism 5. The telescopic mechanism 5 is connected to the tray dividing mechanism 4 and guides the tray dividing mechanism 4 to translate along the second horizontal direction.

[0044] In the above text, the telescopic mechanism 5 is a guide drive component dedicated to the first tray conveying device A and the third tray conveying device C. It is connected to the tray separating mechanism 4 for transmission. Its core function is to provide translational guidance and power for the tray separating mechanism 4 in the second horizontal direction, so as to drive the tray separating mechanism 4 to adjust its position in the second horizontal direction to adapt to the forklift requirements of trays of different widths.

[0045] Specifically, the first tray conveyor A, the second tray conveyor B, and the third tray conveyor C are all equipped with an opening and closing mechanism 3. By adjusting the spacing of the conveyor belt mechanism 1, they can adapt to the bearing and horizontal conveying of trays of different widths. The first tray conveyor A and the third tray conveyor C are equipped with a telescopic mechanism 5. By driving the tray-splitting mechanism 4 to move along the second horizontal direction, the position of the tray-splitting block 41 is adjusted, thereby achieving precise forking and lifting of trays of different widths.

[0046] Through the above technical solution, the second tray conveying device includes an opening and closing mechanism, the first tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device include a telescopic mechanism, and the tray conveying flow line can be adapted to the conveying and forking of trays of different sizes.

[0047] In this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism 5 is a slide table, and the slide table is connected to the frame of the tray-separating mechanism 4 and the conveyor belt mechanism 1.

[0048] In the above description, the telescopic mechanism 5 configured in the first tray conveying device A and the third tray conveying device C is a slide table structure. The fixed end of the slide table is rigidly connected to the frame of the conveyor belt mechanism 1, and the sliding end is fixedly connected to the tray separating mechanism 4. The sliding direction of the slide table is consistent with the second horizontal direction. During operation, the reciprocating translation of the sliding end drives the tray separating mechanism 4 to move stably along the second horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the position of the tray separating block 41 in the second horizontal direction to adapt to the forklift requirements of trays 2 with different width specifications.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, the fixed end of the slide table is integrated with the conveyor belt frame, and the sliding end is rigidly connected with the distributing mechanism, ensuring that the distributing mechanism has no shaking and high displacement accuracy during translation.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A tray conveying line, characterized in that The first tray conveying device, the second tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device are arranged in sequence along a first horizontal direction, The first tray conveying device, the second tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device each include two conveying belt mechanisms arranged on both sides of a tray station along a second horizontal direction, for carrying a tray and driving the tray to translate along the first horizontal direction, and the second horizontal direction is perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; The first tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device further include an opening and closing mechanism and two tray separating mechanisms, the opening and closing mechanism is connected to the conveying belt mechanisms, for driving the two conveying belt mechanisms to move closer to or away from each other along the second horizontal direction, and the two tray separating mechanisms are arranged between the two conveying belt mechanisms and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tray station along the first horizontal direction, for clamping the tray along the first horizontal direction and driving the tray to lift.

2. The tray conveyor line according to claim 1, characterized in that The opening and closing mechanism includes two guide rails, an adjusting motor, a screw rod and an adjusting cylinder, The two guide rails are arranged at a distance along the first horizontal direction and each extends along the second horizontal direction, and the two conveying belt mechanisms are connected to the two guide rails; The adjusting motor corresponds to one of the conveying belt mechanisms, and the corresponding conveying belt mechanism is connected through the screw rod, for driving the corresponding conveying belt mechanism to translate along the second horizontal direction; The adjusting cylinder corresponds to the other conveying belt mechanism, and the corresponding conveying belt mechanism is connected, for driving the corresponding conveying belt mechanism to translate along the second horizontal direction.

3. The tray conveyor line according to claim 2, characterized in that The opening and closing mechanism includes two screw rods and two adjusting cylinders, and the two screw rods are respectively connected to the corresponding conveying belt mechanisms at both ends along the first horizontal direction, the adjusting motor is connected to the two adjusting screw rods through a belt, and the two adjusting cylinders are respectively connected to the corresponding conveying belt mechanisms at both ends along the first horizontal direction.

4. The tray conveyor line of claim 2, wherein, The guide rails, the adjusting motor and the adjusting cylinder are mounted on the same bottom plate.

5. The tray conveyor line of claim 1, wherein, The tray separating mechanism includes a tray separating block, a lifting cylinder and a telescopic cylinder, the tray separating block is used to contact the bottom of the tray, the lifting cylinder is connected to the tray separating block, for driving the tray separating block to lift along the vertical direction, and the telescopic cylinder is connected to the lifting cylinder, for driving the lifting cylinder to translate along the first horizontal direction.

6. The tray conveyor line of claim 1, wherein, The second tray conveying device includes the opening and closing mechanism, the first tray conveying device and the third tray conveying device each include a telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to the tray separating mechanism and guides the tray separating mechanism to translate along the second horizontal direction.

7. The tray conveyor line of claim 6, wherein, The telescopic mechanism is a sliding table, and the sliding table is connected to the tray separating mechanism and the rack of the conveying belt mechanism.

8. The method of loading a tray conveyor line as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first tray conveying device is adopted, and the feeding method includes the following steps: S11, the opening and closing mechanism drives the two conveying belt mechanisms to move away from each other along the second horizontal direction to a preset distance; S12, the two tray separating mechanisms clamp the uppermost tray on the tray station and drive the clamped tray to rise to a first preset height; S13, the opening and closing mechanism drives the two conveying belt mechanisms to reset, respectively; S14, the two disc separating mechanisms drive the material disc to fall on the conveying belt mechanism; S15, the two disc separating mechanisms reset.

9. The method of dispensing a tray conveyor line of any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The third material disc conveying device is adopted, and the discharging method comprises the following steps: S21, the two disc separating mechanisms pick up the material disc on the conveying belt mechanism and drive the material disc to rise to a first preset height; S22, the opening and closing mechanism drives the two conveying belt mechanisms to move away from each other along the second horizontal direction to a preset distance; S23, the two disc separating mechanisms drive the picked-up material disc to fall on the material disc station; S24, the two disc separating mechanisms reset; S25, the opening and closing mechanism drives the two conveying belt mechanisms to reset.

10. The method of adjusting a tray conveyor line as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The distance between the two conveying belt mechanisms along the second horizontal direction is adjusted by the opening and closing mechanism, and the position of the disc separating mechanism is adjusted by the telescopic mechanism.

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