Bridge jacking and leveling device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a bridge jacking and leveling device and method. The device comprises a limiting assembly main body, an observation assembly main body, an auxiliary assembly main body and a slope adjusting assembly main body, the method comprises the following steps: S1, jacking preparation; s2, a temporary support is built; s3, constructing a multi-dimensional monitoring network; s4, carrying out stepped jacking and dynamic slope adjustment; s5, modifying a support system; s6, the branch system falls back and is recovered after work; by means of the method, process standardization and operation precision of jacking and leveling construction can be achieved, traditional extensive operation depending on experience is converted into a controllable industrial process, construction safety and quality are improved, and meanwhile uncertainty of human factors is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and more specifically, to a bridge jacking and leveling device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge maintenance and renovation projects, bridge jacking and leveling is a key technology, widely used in scenarios such as bearing replacement, bridge deck elevation adjustment, and track slope adjustment. This technology involves placing jacks and other jacking equipment on the piers or cap beams to lift the superstructure of the box girder as a whole or in sections, so as to carry out repairs or adjustments to the substructure.

[0003] However, traditional bridge jacking and leveling methods have many limitations. First, during the jacking process, adjacent box girder segments lack effective rigid connections and restraints at expansion joints, making them prone to lateral misalignment or torsion due to asynchronous jacking, threatening the safety of the bridge structure. Second, traditional elevation monitoring relies heavily on manual intermittent measurements using levels or dial gauges with limited ranges, resulting in data feedback lag, insufficient accuracy, and the inability to achieve real-time synchronous control, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision jacking and leveling. Furthermore, traditional bearing installation and leveling are usually pre-processed on the ground. If uneven bearing stress occurs during jacking or due to uneven foundation settlement, there is a lack of effective in-situ adjustment methods, often requiring re-jacking and the insertion of steel plates, a cumbersome and ineffective process. Finally, for complex conditions requiring simultaneous adjustment of the bridge's longitudinal or transverse slope, traditional methods rely mainly on operator experience, adjusting by controlling the jacking amount at different locations. This process suffers from poor controllability, low accuracy, and is prone to causing adverse redistribution of internal forces in the beam structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a bridge jacking and leveling device and method, which can overcome some or all the defects of the prior art.

[0005] According to the present invention, a bridge jacking and leveling device comprises: a limiting component body, an observation component body, an auxiliary component body, and a slope adjustment component body; The limiting component includes two fixing seats respectively set on both sides of the expansion joint of adjacent box girders. The fixing seat includes a base plate connected to the box girder, and a vertical plate perpendicular to the base plate is provided at the upper end of the base plate. A connecting rod is provided between the two fixing seats, with both ends passing through the vertical plate. An adjustment and fixing mechanism is provided at the connection between the connecting rod and the vertical plate. The adjustment and fixing mechanism is used to assist the connecting rod in passing through the vertical plate and to connect the two fixing seats. The main body of the observation component includes a telescopic rod for connecting to the bottom of the box girder and a guide seat for connecting to the cap beam; the guide seat includes a first measuring scale, and mounting plates are provided on both sides of the first measuring scale along the length direction of the first measuring scale. The first measuring scale and the mounting plates together form a guide groove into which the telescopic rod extends. The auxiliary component includes a support frame for supporting the support base. The support frame includes a rectangular upper support plate. A connecting mechanism is provided between the upper support plate and the support base to connect the upper support plate and the support base. Support legs perpendicular to the upper support plate are provided at the four corners of the upper support plate. A pushing mechanism is provided at the end of the support leg away from the upper support plate. The pushing mechanism is used to cooperate with the connecting mechanism to adjust the level of the support base. The main body of the slope adjustment component includes two connectors located on both sides of the box girder. Each connector includes a connecting seat for connecting to the bottom side wall of the box girder. Below the connecting seat is a first lifting plate for supporting a steel plate. A lifting mechanism is provided between the first lifting plate and the connecting seat. The lifting mechanism is used to push the first lifting plate towards the bottom of the box girder.

[0006] With this invention, before lifting the box girder, construction workers first erect scaffolding at the bridge piers, and then lay a construction interface consisting of planks on top of the scaffolding. Simultaneously, anti-slip baffles are installed at the cap beam blocks, positioned along the bridge lifting direction and fixed to the blocks with screws. Next, the main body of the limiting component is installed at the expansion joint of adjacent box girders. When installing the limiting component, construction workers first create multiple bolt holes on the upper surface of opposite ends of adjacent box girders. Then, the fixing seats are placed one by one along the width of the box girder. After placement, bolts are passed through the base plate of the fixing seat and inserted into the bolt holes to secure the fixing seat. Then, connecting rods are passed through the vertical plates on the corresponding fixing seats, and finally, the first nuts on both sides of the vertical plates are tightened against the vertical plates, thus fixing the fixing seats. This prevents lateral misalignment or torsion caused by asynchronous lifting of adjacent box girders during the box girder lifting process, which could threaten the safety of the bridge structure.

[0007] After the jacking preparation is completed, main jacks are installed at the bottom of the box girder, and temporary supports consisting of support blocks are installed below the stress-bearing parts at the bottom of the box girder. The support blocks are rectangular plates welded to both sides of the sleeve, and the sleeve is filled with sand or concrete. Multiple support blocks are prepared. After the temporary supports are completed, observation points are marked at the ends and mid-span of the key sections of the bridge deck as macroscopic benchmarks and manual verification points for the jacking height and displacement. Subsequently, digital displacement sensors are installed near each jack and connected to the central PLC main control system via data cables. Then, the main body of the observation component is installed. When installing the main body of the observation component, bolt holes are first drilled at the bottom of the box girder. Then, the construction workers extend the upper end of the telescopic rod to the bolt holes and fix the telescopic rod to the box girder with bolts. Then, bolt holes are drilled on the cap beam, and the guide seat is placed. At the bolt holes, and by fixing the guide seat with bolts, during the fixing of the guide seat, the telescopic rod extends into the guide groove on the guide seat and covers the scale on the first measuring scale, so that the lower end of the telescopic rod is exactly at the 0 mark line of the first measuring scale. Compared with the prior art, this device provides a precise vertical movement trajectory for the telescopic rod through the guide groove structure formed by the first measuring scale and the mounting plates on both sides, effectively eliminating the measurement error caused by lateral swaying; at the same time, it ensures that the rod body always maintains a constant distance from the scale surface during the measurement process, achieving millimeter-level measurement accuracy; this component can serve as an independent measurement system to provide visualized displacement data, and can also complement the data of the electronic sensor system. When the automated system malfunctions, the staff can directly read the scale of the first measuring scale to obtain the real displacement value, forming a reliable emergency verification plan. Then, all jacks are activated to synchronously lift the box girder to a reference height, allowing the girder to smoothly detach from the temporary supports and enter a controllable suspended state. Each jack is then lifted to a different height, with each lift not exceeding 2 centimeters, and this process is repeated. By controlling the differential lifting amount at each jack's support point, the slope of the box girder is dynamically adjusted synchronously during the lifting process. After the slope adjustment is in place, the temporary supports are heightened, and then the support system is replaced. First, the slope adjustment component is used. During installation, the slope adjustment component is first installed at intervals along the length of the box girder. Two slope adjustment components are installed. The connectors on the main body of the slope adjustment components are located on both sides of the bottom of the box girder. When installing the connectors, first, bolt holes are drilled on the side walls of both sides of the bottom of the box girder. Bolts are passed through the connector seats to fix them to the side walls of the box girder. Then, the workers pass the upper end of the second threaded rod through the connector seat and the lower end through the first and second lifting plates. A third nut is then screwed on above the connector seat and below the second lifting plate. Finally, the leveling steel plate is placed on the first lifting plate. Then, by rotating the lower part of the second lifting plate, the third nut is moved along the second... The threaded rod rises, pushing the first lifting plate, the second lifting plate, and the leveling steel plate upwards until the leveling steel plate reaches and adheres to the bottom surface of the box girder. Finally, the construction workers secure the leveling steel plate to the bottom surface of the box girder with bolts. This component uses symmetrically arranged connectors on both sides, firmly connecting to the bottom sidewall of the box girder to form a stable load-bearing foundation. The leveling steel plate, mechanically lifted, ultimately adheres fully to the bottom surface of the box girder, ensuring uniform transmission of lifting force and effectively avoiding localized stress concentration. The leveling steel plate's height is precisely controlled to the millimeter level by rotating the third nut. Unlike traditional slope adjustment methods that rely on operating jacks and require indirect judgment of effects through remote sensors and computer screens, this component's mechanical adjustment method allows construction workers to directly rotate the nut and visually observe the rising of the lifting plates and steel plates. This avoids potential signal delays and data misreading issues in electronic systems, significantly reducing the operational threshold and complexity, making the operation process clear and straightforward. The connections between components are mainly achieved through bolts and threaded rods, resulting in a high degree of standardization and quick and easy on-site assembly. After the leveling steel plate is installed, the new support is lifted using the auxiliary component. First, the workers place the new support on the upper support plate, then connect it to the upper support plate using a connecting mechanism to prevent movement. Next, the workers activate the pushing mechanism under the support legs to lift the entire support frame, raising the support. Once the support reaches the appropriate height, the workers adjust the support angle of the support frame and support by adjusting the four pushing mechanisms to ensure the support fits snugly against the leveling steel plate on the bottom of the box girder. Any small gaps are filled with thin steel sheets. Finally, the support is welded to the leveling steel plate. This component integrates support placement, lifting, and leveling operations. The vertical positioning and horizontal alignment of the support can be completed simultaneously via the support leg pushing mechanism. The system allows for precise three-dimensional adjustment of the bearing's posture, ensuring a stress-free, full-area fit with the box girder's leveling steel plate. Through a dual guarantee of mechanical connection and fine-tuning filling, it ensures stability during installation and fundamentally eliminates the risk of bearing eccentricity, providing a long-term reliable support foundation for the bridge. Traditionally, bearing lifting relies on jacks, and leveling relies on manual filling—separate processes. This component combines these two steps, using a pushing mechanism under the support legs to complete lifting and high-precision leveling in situ at the bearing's installation location. This simplifies the process, reduces reliance on and interference with the main lifting system, and simplifies operation steps, avoiding dependence on skilled construction personnel. Following this, the bearing pad stones are removed, rebar is extended, anchor bolts are pre-embedded, and high-performance grouting is poured. Finally, following the reverse sequence of the jacking process, the girder was lowered slowly and in stages, allowing the load of the box girder to be smoothly transferred to the new supports. After acceptance and confirmation, all construction equipment was removed, and the bridge was restored to its normal state.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting and fixing mechanism includes a first limiting hole provided on the vertical plate, a sliding seat provided at the first limiting hole, the sliding seat including a first sleeve passing through the first limiting hole, and mounting rings provided at both ends of the side walls of the first sleeve; the ratio of the outer diameter of the first sleeve to the diameter of the first limiting hole is 2:3; and a first nut for threaded engagement with the connecting rod is provided on both sides of the vertical plate.

[0009] With this invention, when installing the connecting rod, construction workers first pass both ends of the connecting rod through the first sleeve. Since the diameter of the first limiting hole is larger than the outer diameter of the first sleeve, the first sleeve can slide within the first limiting hole. This allows construction workers to easily adjust the position of the first sleeve during the installation of the connecting rod, ensuring that both ends of the connecting rod can smoothly pass through the fixing seats on the bridge. This avoids the need to re-erect bolt holes and further damage to the bridge due to deviations in the positions of corresponding fixing seats on adjacent bridges when construction workers connect the fixing seats to the bridge.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of diagonal bracing plates are provided between the base plate and the vertical plate, spaced apart along the width direction of the base plate.

[0011] Through this invention, the diagonal brace connects the base plate and the vertical plate, thereby further strengthening the overall structural strength of the fixed base.

[0012] Preferably, the telescopic rod includes a first hollow rod, inside which is provided a sliding rod arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod; a strip-shaped through hole is provided on the side wall of the first hollow rod away from the first measuring scale, and a first threaded rod is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod passing through the strip-shaped through hole; a second nut is provided at one end of the first threaded rod passing through the strip-shaped through hole and threadedly engaged with the first threaded rod.

[0013] With this invention, after the construction worker inserts the telescopic rod into the guide groove, the worker pushes the first threaded rod along the strip-shaped through hole, causing the sliding rod to move along the first hollow rod. Ultimately, the lower end of the sliding rod moves to the 0 mark on the first measuring scale, facilitating adjustment and ensuring the lower end is at the 0 mark for subsequent observation. After the sliding rod has moved, the worker rotates the second nut to press it against the first hollow rod, thus connecting and fixing the sliding rod to the first hollow rod to prevent further movement.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the first hollow rod is provided with a connecting block for connecting the box girder and the first hollow rod; the connecting block includes a first flat plate, and two first clamping plates are provided at one end face of the first flat plate, which are perpendicular to the first flat plate. The two first clamping plates and the first flat plate together form a clamping area into which one end of the first hollow rod extends; a first bolt hole is provided on the side wall of the first hollow rod extending into the clamping area, and a second bolt hole corresponding to the first bolt hole is provided on the side wall of each of the two first clamping plates; a plurality of third bolt holes are provided on the first flat plate.

[0015] With this invention, when installing the telescopic rod, construction workers first insert one end of the first hollow rod into the clamping area on the connecting block, and then connect the first hollow rod and the connecting block by passing bolts through the second bolt hole and the first bolt hole on the first clamping plate and the first bolt hole. When connecting the telescopic rod to the box girder, bolt holes are first drilled at the bottom of the box girder, then the third bolt hole on the first plate is aligned with the bolt hole, and finally the first plate and the box girder are fixedly connected by bolts, which facilitates the connection of the telescopic rod and the box girder by construction workers.

[0016] Preferably, the upper support plate includes two parallel first connecting plates and two parallel second connecting plates, which are connected end to end in sequence; between the two second connecting plates, there are multiple third connecting plates spaced apart along the length of the first connecting plates, and multiple first holes spaced apart along the length of the third connecting plates are provided on the side walls at both ends of the third connecting plates; the connecting mechanism includes an L-shaped pin rod that passes through the support and the first holes to limit the position of the support.

[0017] With this invention, when installing the support plate, two first connecting plates and two second connecting plates are connected by welding. Both the first and second connecting plates are made of square steel. The third connecting plate is welded to the second connecting plates and is also made of square steel. When the construction personnel place the support on the third connecting plate, the through hole at the bottom of the support is aligned with the first hole on the third connecting plate. Then, a pin is inserted through the first hole and the through hole at the bottom of the support to limit the support and prevent it from moving on the third connecting plate. By setting multiple first holes, it is possible to accommodate supports of different sizes.

[0018] Preferably, both ends of the two first connecting plates are provided with second holes corresponding to the first holes.

[0019] By providing multiple second holes, the upper support plate can be adapted to support of different sizes.

[0020] Preferably, the connecting seat includes a parallel plate arranged parallel to the top surface of the box girder, an inclined plate at one end of the parallel plate, a fixing plate at both ends of the parallel plate and the inclined plate for connecting the parallel plate and the inclined plate, and a fifth bolt hole at the inclined plate.

[0021] With this invention, the inclination of the inclined plate is the same as the inclination of the bottom side wall of the box girder, which makes it easy for the inclined plate to fit against the side wall of the box girder and keep the parallel plate horizontal; by aligning the fifth bolt hole with the bolt hole opened on the side wall of the box girder, and then inserting the limiting bolt through the fifth bolt hole into the bolt hole, the inclined plate and the box girder are fixedly connected; the fixing plate connects the parallel plate and the inclined plate, further strengthening the overall structural strength of the connecting seat.

[0022] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a second lifting plate for supporting the first lifting plate, a guide strip hole is provided at the parallel plate, and the lifting mechanism includes a second threaded rod passing through the guide strip hole, the second lifting plate and the first lifting plate. A third nut that is threadedly engaged with the second threaded rod is provided above the parallel plate and below the second lifting plate.

[0023] With this invention, construction workers can push the first and second lifting plates along the second threaded rod by rotating the third nut, which makes it convenient for construction workers to push the adjusting steel plate above the first lifting plate to the bottom of the box girder.

[0024] This invention provides a method for lifting and leveling a bridge, including the aforementioned bridge lifting and leveling device, with the following steps. S1, Lifting Preparation First, scaffolding is erected at the bridge piers, and a construction interface is formed by laying planks on top of the scaffolding. At the same time, anti-slip baffles are installed at the cap beam blocks, and the main body of the limiting component is installed at the expansion joint of the adjacent box girder. When installing the main body of the limiting component, multiple fixed seats are first installed on the upper surface of the opposite end of the adjacent box girder at intervals along the width direction of the box girder. When installing the fixed seats, bolts are passed through the base plate and fixed to the surface of the box girder. Then, the connecting rod is passed through the vertical plate on the corresponding fixed seat. Finally, the fixing mechanism is adjusted to fix the connecting rod and the vertical plate. S2, Erect temporary support After the lifting preparation is completed, main jacks are set up at the bottom of the box girder, and temporary supports consisting of support blocks are set up below the stress-bearing parts at the bottom of the box girder. S3, Construction of Multi-dimensional Monitoring Network First, observation points are marked at the ends and mid-span of key sections of the bridge deck as macroscopic benchmarks and manual verification points for the lifting height and displacement. Then, digital displacement sensors are installed near each jack and connected to the central PLC main control system via data cables. After that, the main body of the observation component is installed. First, the upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box girder. Then, the guide seat is fixedly connected to the cap beam so that the telescopic rod extends into the guide groove on the guide seat and covers the scale on the first measuring ruler. S4, stepped jacking and dynamic slope adjustment Then, all jacks are activated to lift the box girder synchronously to a reference height, so that the girder can be smoothly removed from the temporary support and enter a controllable suspension state. Then, each jack is lifted to a different height, each time not exceeding 2 centimeters, and this process is repeated. By controlling the difference in lifting amount at each jack support point, the slope of the box girder is dynamically adjusted synchronously during the lifting process. S5, Support System Modification After the slope adjustment is completed, temporary supports are added, followed by the replacement of the support system. First, the main body of the slope adjustment component is used. During installation, two main bodies of the slope adjustment component are installed at intervals along the length of the box girder. The connectors on the main body of the slope adjustment component are located on both sides of the bottom of the box girder. Then, the leveling steel plate is placed on the first lifting plate, and then the leveling steel plate is lifted to the bottom surface of the box girder by the lifting mechanism and fits against the bottom surface of the box girder. Finally, it is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the box girder. Then, the auxiliary component is used to lift the new support and adjust the angle of the support by the pushing mechanism to fit against the leveling steel plate on the bottom surface of the box girder. Finally, the welding with the leveling steel plate is completed. Finally, the support pad stone is removed, the rebar is extended, the anchor bolts are pre-embedded, and the high-performance grouting material is poured. S6, Subsystem Retreat and Post-Work Recovery Finally, following the reverse sequence of the jacking process, the girder was lowered slowly and in stages, allowing the load of the box girder to be smoothly transferred to the new supports. After acceptance and confirmation, all construction equipment was removed, and the bridge was restored to its normal state.

[0025] Through the system integration of modular devices, this invention achieves the standardization of the lifting and leveling construction process and the precision of operation, transforming the traditional extensive operation that relies on experience into a controllable industrial process. While improving construction safety and quality, it significantly reduces the uncertainty of human factors. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the limiting component in Example 2.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing base in Example 2.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding seat in Example 2.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first limiting hole in Example 2.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the main body of the limiting component in Example 2.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the observation component in Example 3.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide seat in Example 3.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic rod in Example 3.

[0034] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the telescopic rod in Example 3.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting block in Example 3.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding rod in Example 3.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the auxiliary component in Example 4.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame in Example 4.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support plate in Example 4.

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the support leg in Example 4.

[0041] Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the slope adjustment component in Example 5.

[0042] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the connector in Example 5.

[0043] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the connector in Example 5.

[0044] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the first lifting plate in Example 5.

[0045] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the second lifting plate in Example 5.

[0046] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the second threaded rod in Example 5.

[0047] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the slope adjustment component in Example 5. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0049] Example 1 like Figures 1-22 As shown, this embodiment provides a bridge jacking and leveling device, including a limiting component body 100, an observation component body 600, an auxiliary component body 1200, and a slope adjustment component body 1600; The limiting component body 100 includes two fixing seats 120 respectively disposed on both sides of the expansion joint of adjacent box girders. The fixing seat 120 includes a base plate 220 connected to the box girder. A vertical plate 240 is provided at the upper end surface of the base plate 220 perpendicular to the base plate 220. A connecting rod 130 is provided between the two fixing seats 120, with both ends passing through the vertical plate 240. An adjustment and fixing mechanism is provided at the connection between the connecting rod 130 and the vertical plate 240. The adjustment and fixing mechanism is used to assist the connecting rod 130 in passing through the vertical plate 240 and to connect the two fixing seats 120. The main body 600 of the observation component includes a telescopic rod 610 for connecting to the bottom of the box girder and a guide seat 620 for connecting to the cap beam; the guide seat 620 includes a first measuring scale 710, and mounting plates 730 are provided on both sides of the first measuring scale 710 along the length direction of the first measuring scale 710. The first measuring scale 710 and the mounting plates 730 together form a guide groove 720 into which the telescopic rod 610 extends. The auxiliary component body 1200 includes a support frame 1202 for supporting the support 1201. The support frame 1202 includes a rectangular upper support plate 1401. A connecting mechanism is provided between the upper support plate 1401 and the support 1201 for connecting the upper support plate 1401 and the support 1201. Each of the four corners of the upper support plate 1401 is provided with a support leg 1302 perpendicular to the upper support plate 1401. A pushing mechanism is provided at the end of the support leg 1302 away from the upper support plate 1401. The pushing mechanism is used to cooperate with the connecting mechanism to adjust the level of the support 1201. The slope adjustment component body 1600 includes two connectors 1602 located on both sides of the box girder. Each connector 1602 includes a connecting seat 1701 for connecting to the bottom side wall of the box girder. A first lifting plate 1601 for supporting steel plates is provided below the connecting seat 1701. A lifting mechanism is provided between the first lifting plate 1601 and the connecting seat 1701. The lifting mechanism is used to push the first lifting plate 1601 to move towards the bottom of the box girder.

[0050] In this embodiment, before lifting the box girder, construction workers first erect scaffolding at the piers, and then lay a construction interface composed of planks on top of the scaffolding. Simultaneously, anti-slip baffles are installed at the cap beam blocks, with the baffles positioned along the bridge lifting direction and fixed to the blocks with screws. Next, the limiting component body 100 is installed at the expansion joint of adjacent box girders. When installing the limiting component body 100, construction workers first create multiple bolt holes on the upper surface of opposite ends of the adjacent box girders. Then, the fixing seat 120 is installed along the width direction of the box girder. The fixtures are arranged one-to-one. After the arrangement is completed, bolts are passed through the base plate 220 of the fixing seat 120 and inserted into the bolt holes to fix the fixing seat 120. Then, the construction workers pass the connecting rod 130 through the vertical plate 240 on the corresponding fixing seat 120. Finally, the first nuts 140 on both sides of the vertical plate 240 are tightened to make the first nuts 140 press against the vertical plate 240, thereby fixing the fixing seat 120. This prevents the fixing seat 120 from being moved asynchronously during the box girder lifting process, which could cause lateral misalignment or torsion and threaten the safety of the bridge structure.

[0051] After the jacking preparation is completed, main jacks are installed at the bottom of the box girder, and temporary supports consisting of support blocks are configured below the stress-bearing parts at the bottom of the box girder. The support blocks are made by welding rectangular plates on both sides of the sleeve, and the sleeve is filled with sand or concrete. Multiple support blocks are prepared. After the temporary supports are completed, observation points are marked at the ends and mid-span of the key sections of the bridge deck as macroscopic benchmarks and manual verification points for the jacking height and displacement. Subsequently, digital displacement sensors are installed near each jack and connected to the central PLC main control system via data cables. Then, the main body of the observation component 600 is installed. When installing the main body of the observation component 600, bolt holes are first drilled at the bottom of the box girder. Then, the construction workers extend the upper end of the telescopic rod 610 to the bolt holes and fix the telescopic rod 610 to the box girder with bolts. Then, bolt holes are drilled on the cap beam, the guide seat 620 is placed at the bolt holes, and bolts are used to fix it to the box girder. During the fixing of the guide seat 620, the telescopic rod 610 extends into the guide groove 720 on the guide seat 620 and covers the scale on the first measuring scale 710, so that the lower end of the telescopic rod 610 is exactly at the 0 mark line of the first measuring scale 710. Compared with the prior art, this device provides a precise vertical movement trajectory for the telescopic rod 610 through the guide groove 720 structure formed by the first measuring scale 710 and the mounting plates 730 on both sides, effectively eliminating measurement errors caused by lateral swaying. At the same time, it ensures that the rod body always maintains a constant distance from the scale surface during the measurement process, achieving millimeter-level measurement accuracy. This component can serve as an independent measurement system to provide visualized displacement data, and it can also complement the data of the electronic sensor system. When the automation system malfunctions, the staff can directly read the scale of the first measuring scale 710 to obtain the real displacement value, forming a reliable emergency verification plan. Then, all jacks are activated to synchronously lift the box girder to a reference height, allowing the girder to smoothly detach from the temporary supports and enter a controllable suspended state. Each jack is then lifted to different heights, with each lift not exceeding 2 centimeters, and this process is repeated. By controlling the differential lifting amount at each jack's support point, the slope of the box girder is dynamically adjusted synchronously during the lifting process. After the slope adjustment is in place, the temporary supports are raised, and then the support system is replaced. First, the slope adjustment component body 1600 is used. During installation, two slope adjustment component bodies 1600 are installed at intervals along the length of the box girder to adjust the slope. The connectors 1602 on the main body 1600 are located on both sides of the bottom of the box girder. When installing the connectors 1602, bolt holes are first drilled on the side walls of both sides of the bottom of the box girder. Bolts are then passed through the connectors 1701 to fix the connectors 1701 to the side walls of the box girder. Next, the workers pass the upper end of the second threaded rod 1703 through the connector 1701 and the lower end through the first lifting plate 1601 and the second lifting plate 1704. A third nut 2101 is then screwed onto the connector 1701 above the connector 1701 and below the second lifting plate 1704. Finally, the leveling steel plate is placed on the first lifting plate 1601, and then the second lifting plate 1602 is rotated. The third nut 2101 below 704 rises along the second threaded rod 1703, thereby pushing the first lifting plate 1601, the second lifting plate 1704, and the leveling steel plate upwards until the leveling steel plate rises to the bottom surface of the box girder and fits against it. Finally, the construction workers fix the leveling steel plate to the bottom surface of the box girder with bolts. This component uses symmetrically arranged connectors 1602 on both sides, which are firmly connected to the bottom sidewall of the box girder, forming a stable load-bearing foundation. The leveling steel plate is mechanically lifted and finally fully fits against the bottom surface of the box girder, ensuring uniform transmission of the lifting force and effectively avoiding local stress concentration. Rotating the third nut 2101 drives the leveling steel plate to rise and fall, achieving millimeter-level precise control of the leveling steel plate height. Unlike traditional slope adjustment methods that rely on operating jacks and require indirect judgment of the effect through remote sensors and computer screens, this component's mechanical adjustment method allows construction personnel to directly rotate the nut and visually observe the rising of the lifting plate and steel plate. This avoids potential signal delays and data misreading issues that may occur in electronic systems, significantly reducing the operational threshold and complexity, making the operation process clear and straightforward. The connections between components are mainly achieved through bolts and threaded rods, resulting in a high degree of standardization and quick and easy on-site assembly. After the leveling steel plate is installed, the auxiliary component body 1200 is used to lift the new support 1201. First, the construction workers place the new support 1201 on the upper support plate 1401. Then, the support 1201 is connected to the upper support plate 1401 through the connecting mechanism to prevent the support 1201 from moving on the upper support plate 1401. Next, the construction workers activate the pushing mechanism under the support leg 1302 to lift the entire support frame 1202, causing the support 1201 to rise. After the support 1201 rises to a suitable height, the construction workers adjust the support angle of the support frame 1202 and the support 1201 by adjusting the four pushing mechanisms respectively, so that the support 1201 is in close contact with the leveling steel plate on the bottom surface of the box girder. If there are small gaps, they are filled with thin steel sheets. Finally, the support 1201 is welded to the leveling steel plate. This component realizes the integrated operation of positioning, lifting, and leveling of the support 1201. The supporting leg 1302 push mechanism can simultaneously complete the vertical positioning and horizontal attitude adjustment of the bearing 1201, and can precisely adjust the three-dimensional spatial attitude of the bearing 1201 to ensure that it achieves full-area stress-free fit with the leveling steel plate of the box girder. Through the dual guarantee of mechanical connection and fine-tuning filling, it not only ensures the stability of the installation process, but also fundamentally eliminates the risk of bearing eccentric pressure, providing a long-term reliable support foundation for the bridge. In the traditional method, the lifting of the bearing relies on jacks and the leveling relies on manual padding, which are separate processes. This component combines the two. Through the push mechanism under the supporting leg 1302, the lifting and high-precision leveling of the bearing 1201 are completed in place at the installation position, which simplifies the process, reduces the dependence on and interference of the main lifting system, and simplifies the operation steps, avoiding dependence on the technical skills of the construction personnel. Afterwards, the removal of the bearing pad stone, the extension of the reinforcing steel, the pre-embedding of the anchor bolts, and the pouring of high-performance grouting material are carried out. Finally, following the reverse sequence of the jacking process, the girder was lowered slowly and in stages, allowing the load of the box girder to be smoothly transferred to the new support 1201. After acceptance and confirmation, all construction equipment was removed, and the bridge was restored to its normal state.

[0052] In this embodiment, the adjusting and fixing mechanism includes a first limiting hole 410 provided on the vertical plate 240, a sliding seat 150 provided at the first limiting hole 410, and a first sleeve 320 passing through the first limiting hole 410. The first sleeve 320 is provided with mounting rings 330 at both ends of its sidewalls. The ratio of the outer diameter of the first sleeve 320 to the diameter of the first limiting hole 410 is 2:3. The vertical plate 240 is provided with a first nut 140 on both sides for threaded engagement with the connecting rod 130.

[0053] In this embodiment, when installing the connecting rod 130, the construction personnel first pass both ends of the connecting rod 130 through the first sleeve 320. Since the diameter of the first limiting hole 410 is larger than the outer diameter of the first sleeve 320, the first sleeve 320 can slide within the first limiting hole 410. This allows the construction personnel to easily pass both ends of the connecting rod 130 through the fixing seat 120 on the bridge by adjusting the position of the first sleeve 320. This avoids the need to re-erect bolt holes and further damage the bridge due to deviations in the positions of the corresponding fixing seats 120 on adjacent bridges when the construction personnel connect the fixing seats 120 to the bridge.

[0054] In this embodiment, a plurality of diagonal bracing plates 230 are provided between the base plate 220 and the vertical plate 240, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the base plate 220.

[0055] In this embodiment, the diagonal brace 230 connects the base plate 220 and the vertical plate 240, thereby further strengthening the overall structural strength of the fixed base 120.

[0056] In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 610 includes a first hollow rod 820, inside which is provided a sliding rod 830 arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod 820; the side wall of the first hollow rod 820 away from the first measuring ruler 710 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 920 arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod 820, and the side wall of the sliding rod 830 is provided with a first threaded rod 1101 passing through the strip-shaped through hole 920, and one end of the first threaded rod 1101 passing through the strip-shaped through hole 920 is provided with a second nut 1102 that is threadedly engaged with the first threaded rod 1101.

[0057] In this embodiment, after the construction worker inserts the telescopic rod 610 into the guide groove 720, the worker pushes the first threaded rod 1101 along the strip-shaped through hole 920, causing the sliding rod 830 to move along the first hollow rod 820. Ultimately, the lower end of the sliding rod 830 moves to the 0 mark of the first measuring scale 710, facilitating adjustment of the sliding rod 830 so that its lower end is at the 0 mark, allowing for subsequent observation. After the sliding rod 830 has moved, the worker rotates the second nut 1102 to press it against the first hollow rod 820, thus connecting and fixing the sliding rod 830 to the first hollow rod 820, preventing the sliding rod 830 from moving.

[0058] In this embodiment, one end of the first hollow rod 820 is provided with a connecting block 810 for connecting the box girder and the first hollow rod 820; the connecting block 810 includes a first flat plate 1001, and two first clamping plates 1002 are provided at one end face of the first flat plate 1001, which are perpendicular to the first flat plate 1001. The two first clamping plates 1002 and the first flat plate 1001 together form a clamping interval 1003 into which one end of the first hollow rod 820 extends; a first bolt hole 910 is provided on the side wall of the first hollow rod 820 extending into the clamping interval 1003, and a second bolt hole 1004 corresponding to the first bolt hole 910 is provided on the side wall of each of the two first clamping plates 1002; and a plurality of third bolt holes 1005 are provided on the first flat plate 1001.

[0059] In this embodiment, when installing the telescopic rod 610, the construction personnel first insert one end of the first hollow rod 820 into the clamping section 1003 on the connecting block 810, and then connect the first hollow rod 820 and the connecting block 810 by passing bolts through the first clamping plate 1002 and the second bolt hole 1004 and the first bolt hole 910 on the first hollow rod 820. When connecting the telescopic rod 610 to the box girder, bolt holes are first drilled at the bottom of the box girder, then the third bolt hole 1005 on the first flat plate 1001 is aligned with the bolt holes, and finally the first flat plate 1001 and the box girder are fixedly connected by bolts, which facilitates the construction personnel to connect the telescopic rod 610 and the box girder.

[0060] In this embodiment, the upper support plate 1401 includes two parallel first connecting plates 1301 and two parallel second connecting plates 1306, which are connected end to end in sequence; between the two second connecting plates 1306, there are multiple third connecting plates 1305 spaced apart along the length direction of the first connecting plates 1301, and multiple first holes 1304 spaced apart along the length direction of the third connecting plates 1305 are provided at both ends of the sidewalls of the third connecting plates 1305; the connecting mechanism includes an L-shaped pin 1307, which passes through the support 1201 and the first holes 1304 to limit the position of the support 1201.

[0061] In this embodiment, when installing the support plate 1401, two first connecting plates 1301 and two second connecting plates 1306 are connected by welding. Both the first connecting plates 1301 and the second connecting plates 1306 are made of square steel. The third connecting plate 1305 is welded to the second connecting plates 1306, and the third connecting plate 1305 is also made of square steel. When the construction personnel place the support 1201 on the third connecting plate 1305, the through hole at the bottom of the support 1201 is aligned with the first hole 1304 on the third connecting plate 1305. Then, the pin rod 1307 passes through the first hole 1304 and the through hole at the bottom of the support 1201 to limit the support 1201 and prevent the support 1201 from moving on the third connecting plate 1305. By setting multiple first holes 1304, supports 1201 of different sizes can be accommodated.

[0062] In this embodiment, both ends of the two first connecting plates 1301 are provided with second holes 1402 corresponding to the first holes 1304.

[0063] In this embodiment, by providing multiple second holes 1402, the upper support plate 1401 can adapt to and limit supports 1201 of different sizes.

[0064] In this embodiment, the connecting seat 1701 includes a parallel plate 1804 arranged parallel to the top surface of the box girder, an inclined plate 1803 arranged at one end of the parallel plate 1804, a fixing plate 1801 for connecting the parallel plate 1804 and the inclined plate 1803 at both ends, and a fifth bolt hole 1802 is provided at the inclined plate 1803.

[0065] In this embodiment, the inclination of the inclined plate 1803 is the same as the inclination of the bottom side wall of the box girder, which facilitates the inclined plate 1803 to fit against the side wall of the box girder and keeps the parallel plate 1804 horizontal. By aligning the fifth bolt hole 1802 with the bolt hole opened on the side wall of the box girder, and then inserting the limiting bolt 1702 through the fifth bolt hole 1802 into the bolt hole, the inclined plate 1803 and the box girder are fixedly connected. The fixing plate 1801 connects the parallel plate 1804 and the inclined plate 1803, further strengthening the overall structural strength of the connecting seat 1701.

[0066] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a second lifting plate 1704 for supporting the first lifting plate 1601. A guide strip hole 1805 is provided at the parallel plate 1804. The lifting mechanism includes a second threaded rod 1703 passing through the guide strip hole 1805, the second lifting plate 1704 and the first lifting plate 1601. A third nut 2101 that is threadedly engaged with the second threaded rod 1703 is provided above the parallel plate 1804 and below the second lifting plate 1704.

[0067] In this embodiment, construction workers can rotate the third nut 2101 to push the first lifting plate 1601 and the second lifting plate 1704 along the second threaded rod 1703, which makes it easier for construction workers to push the adjusting steel plate above the first lifting plate 1601 to the bottom of the box girder.

[0068] This embodiment provides a bridge jacking and leveling method, including the aforementioned bridge jacking and leveling device, with the following steps. S1, Lifting Preparation First, scaffolding is erected at the piers, and a construction interface consisting of treads is fully laid on top of the scaffolding. At the same time, anti-slip baffles are installed at the cap beam blocks, and the main body of the limiting component 100 is installed at the expansion joint of the adjacent box girder. When installing the main body of the limiting component 100, multiple fixing seats 120 are installed at intervals along the width direction of the box girder on the upper surface of the opposite end of the adjacent box girder. When installing the fixing seats 120, bolts are passed through the base plate 220 and fixed to the surface of the box girder. Then, the connecting rod 130 is passed through the vertical plate 240 on the corresponding fixing seat 120. Finally, the fixing mechanism is adjusted to fix the connecting rod 130 and the vertical plate 240. S2, Erect temporary support After the lifting preparation is completed, main jacks are set up at the bottom of the box girder, and temporary supports consisting of support blocks are set up below the stress-bearing parts at the bottom of the box girder. S3, Construction of Multi-dimensional Monitoring Network First, observation points are marked at the ends and mid-span of key sections of the bridge deck as macroscopic benchmarks and manual verification points for the lifting height and displacement. Then, digital displacement sensors are installed near each jack and connected to the central PLC main control system via data cables. After that, the main body of the observation component 600 is installed. First, the upper end of the telescopic rod 610 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box girder. Then, the guide seat 620 is fixedly connected to the cap beam so that the telescopic rod 610 extends into the guide groove 720 on the guide seat 620 and covers the scale on the first measuring ruler 710. S4, stepped jacking and dynamic slope adjustment Then, all jacks are activated to lift the box girder synchronously to a reference height, so that the girder can be smoothly removed from the temporary support and enter a controllable suspension state. Then, each jack is lifted to a different height, each time not exceeding 2 centimeters, and this process is repeated. By controlling the difference in lifting amount at each jack support point, the slope of the box girder is dynamically adjusted synchronously during the lifting process. S5, Support System Modification After the slope adjustment is completed, temporary supports are added, and then the support system is replaced. First, the slope adjustment component body 1600 is used. During installation, two slope adjustment component bodies 1600 are installed at intervals along the length of the box girder. The connectors 1602 on the slope adjustment component body 1600 are located on both sides of the bottom of the box girder. Then, the leveling steel plate is placed on the first lifting plate 1601. Then, the leveling steel plate is lifted to the bottom surface of the box girder by the lifting mechanism and is attached to the bottom surface of the box girder. Finally, it is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the box girder. Then, the auxiliary component body 1200 is used to lift the new support 1201 and the angle of the support 1201 is adjusted by the pushing mechanism to attach it to the leveling steel plate on the bottom surface of the box girder. Finally, the welding with the leveling steel plate is completed. Finally, the support pad stone is removed, the rebar is extended, the anchor bolts are pre-embedded, and the high-performance grouting material is poured. S6, Subsystem Retreat and Post-Work Recovery Finally, following the reverse sequence of the jacking process, the girder was lowered slowly and in stages, allowing the load of the box girder to be smoothly transferred to the new support 1201. After acceptance and confirmation, all construction equipment was removed, and the bridge was restored to its normal state.

[0069] Through this embodiment, the system integration of modular devices has achieved standardization of the lifting and leveling construction process and precision of operation, transforming the traditional extensive operation that relies on experience into a controllable industrial process. This not only improves construction safety and quality but also significantly reduces the uncertainty of human factors.

[0070] Example 2 like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a longitudinal limiting component for expansion joints used in bridge jacking preparation, including a limiting component body 100. The limiting component body 100 includes two fixing seats 120 respectively disposed on both sides of the expansion joint of adjacent box girders. The fixing seat 120 includes a base plate 220 connected to the box girder. A vertical plate 240 is provided at the upper end surface of the base plate 220, perpendicular to the base plate 220. A connecting rod 130 is provided between the two fixing seats 120, with both ends passing through the vertical plate 240. An adjustment and fixing mechanism is provided at the connection between the connecting rod 130 and the vertical plate 240. The adjustment and fixing mechanism is used to assist the connecting rod 130 in passing through the vertical plate 240 and to connect the two fixing seats 120.

[0071] In this embodiment, the main body 100 of the limiting component is installed at the expansion joint of the adjacent box girder. When installing the main body 100 of the limiting component, the construction workers first set up multiple bolt holes on the upper surface of the opposite end of the adjacent box girder. Then, the construction workers place the fixing seats 120 one by one along the width direction of the box girder. After the placement is completed, the fixing seats 120 are fixed by passing bolts through the bottom plate 220 of the fixing seat 120 and extending into the bolt holes. Then, the construction workers pass the connecting rod 130 through the vertical plate 240 on the corresponding fixed seat 120. Finally, the first nuts 140 on both sides of the vertical plate 240 are turned so that the first nuts 140 are pressed against the vertical plate 240, thereby fixing the fixing seat 120. This prevents the fixing seat 120 from being displaced or twisted by the adjacent box girders during the box girder lifting process, which would threaten the safety of the bridge structure.

[0072] In this embodiment, the adjusting and fixing mechanism includes a first limiting hole 410 provided on the vertical plate 240, a sliding seat 150 provided at the first limiting hole 410, and a first sleeve 320 passing through the first limiting hole 410. The first sleeve 320 is provided with mounting rings 330 at both ends of its sidewalls. The ratio of the outer diameter of the first sleeve 320 to the diameter of the first limiting hole 410 is 2:3. The vertical plate 240 is provided with a first nut 140 on both sides for threaded engagement with the connecting rod 130.

[0073] In this embodiment, when installing the connecting rod 130, the construction personnel first pass both ends of the connecting rod 130 through the first sleeve 320. Since the diameter of the first limiting hole 410 is larger than the outer diameter of the first sleeve 320, the first sleeve 320 can slide within the first limiting hole 410. This allows the construction personnel to easily pass both ends of the connecting rod 130 through the fixing seat 120 on the bridge by adjusting the position of the first sleeve 320. This avoids the need to re-erect bolt holes and further damage the bridge due to deviations in the positions of the corresponding fixing seats 120 on adjacent bridges when the construction personnel connect the fixing seats 120 to the bridge.

[0074] In this embodiment, a plurality of diagonal bracing plates 230 are provided between the base plate 220 and the vertical plate 240, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the base plate 220.

[0075] In this embodiment, the diagonal brace 230 connects the base plate 220 and the vertical plate 240, thereby further strengthening the overall structural strength of the fixed base 120.

[0076] In this embodiment, the base plate 220 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 210 spaced apart along the length of the base plate 220.

[0077] In this embodiment, construction workers can easily connect the base plate 220 to the bridge by inserting bolts through the first through hole 210 on the base plate 220 and into the bolt holes drilled on the bridge.

[0078] In this embodiment, a plurality of reinforcing plates 310 are provided between the mounting ring 330 and the side wall of the first sleeve 320, distributed circumferentially along the first sleeve 320.

[0079] Through this embodiment, the reinforcing plate 310 can further enhance the overall structural strength of the sliding seat 150 and prevent the sliding seat 150 from being crushed and damaged by the first nut 140.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first limiting hole 410 is disposed between adjacent inclined bracing plates 230.

[0081] In this embodiment, the inclined support plate 230 is provided with multiple holes, which in turn provides multiple first limiting holes 410, and multiple connecting rods 130 connect the two fixing seats 120, thereby improving the overall connection strength of the limiting component body 100.

[0082] This embodiment provides a bridge jacking and leveling device, including the aforementioned longitudinal limiting component for expansion joints.

[0083] Example 3 like Figures 6-11 As shown, this embodiment provides a vertical displacement observation component for use in the construction of a multidimensional monitoring network, including an observation component body 600. The observation component body 600 includes a telescopic rod 610 for connecting to the bottom of the box girder and a guide seat 620 for connecting to the cap beam. The guide seat 620 includes a first measuring ruler 710. Both sides of the first measuring ruler 710 are provided with mounting plates 730 arranged along the length direction of the first measuring ruler 710. The first measuring ruler 710 and the mounting plates 730 together form a guide groove 720 into which the telescopic rod 610 extends.

[0084] In this embodiment, when installing the main body 600 of the observation component, bolt holes are first drilled at the bottom of the box girder. Then, the construction workers extend the upper end of the telescopic rod 610 to the bolt holes and fix the telescopic rod 610 to the box girder with bolts. Next, bolt holes are drilled on the cap beam, and the guide seat 620 is placed at the bolt holes and fixed with bolts. During the fixing of the guide seat 620, the telescopic rod 610 extends into the guide groove 720 on the guide seat 620 and covers the scale on the first measuring scale 710, so that the lower end of the telescopic rod 610 is exactly at the 0 mark line of the first measuring scale 710. During the rising of the box girder, the box girder will drive the telescopic rod 610 to rise, thereby causing the telescopic rod 610 to gradually move from the first measuring scale 710 and become exposed on the first measuring scale 710. After the box girder stops rising, construction workers observe the scale value on the first measuring ruler 710 at the lower end of the telescopic rod 610 to determine the height of the box girder's rise. Compared with existing technologies, this device provides a precise vertical movement trajectory for the telescopic rod 610 through the guide groove 720 structure formed by the first measuring ruler 710 and the mounting plates 730 on both sides, effectively eliminating measurement errors caused by lateral swaying. At the same time, it ensures that the rod body maintains a constant distance from the scale surface during the measurement process, achieving millimeter-level measurement accuracy. This component can serve as an independent measurement system to provide visualized displacement data, and it can also complement the data of the electronic sensor system. When the automated system malfunctions, workers can directly read the scale of the first measuring ruler 710 to obtain the true displacement value, forming a reliable emergency verification plan.

[0085] In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 610 includes a first hollow rod 820, inside which is provided a sliding rod 830 arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod 820; the side wall of the first hollow rod 820 away from the first measuring ruler 710 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 920 arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod 820, and the side wall of the sliding rod 830 is provided with a first threaded rod 1101 passing through the strip-shaped through hole 920, and one end of the first threaded rod 1101 passing through the strip-shaped through hole 920 is provided with a second nut 1102 that is threadedly engaged with the first threaded rod 1101.

[0086] In this embodiment, after the construction worker inserts the telescopic rod 610 into the guide groove 720, the worker pushes the first threaded rod 1101 along the strip-shaped through hole 920, causing the sliding rod 830 to move along the first hollow rod 820. Ultimately, the lower end of the sliding rod 830 moves to the 0 mark of the first measuring scale 710, facilitating adjustment of the sliding rod 830 so that its lower end is at the 0 mark, allowing for subsequent observation. After the sliding rod 830 has moved, the worker rotates the second nut 1102 to press it against the first hollow rod 820, thus connecting and fixing the sliding rod 830 to the first hollow rod 820, preventing the sliding rod 830 from moving.

[0087] In this embodiment, one end of the first hollow rod 820 is provided with a connecting block 810 for connecting the box girder and the first hollow rod 820; the connecting block 810 includes a first flat plate 1001, and two first clamping plates 1002 are provided at one end face of the first flat plate 1001, which are perpendicular to the first flat plate 1001. The two first clamping plates 1002 and the first flat plate 1001 together form a clamping interval 1003 into which one end of the first hollow rod 820 extends; a first bolt hole 910 is provided on the side wall of the first hollow rod 820 extending into the clamping interval 1003, and a second bolt hole 1004 corresponding to the first bolt hole 910 is provided on the side wall of each of the two first clamping plates 1002; and a plurality of third bolt holes 1005 are provided on the first flat plate 1001.

[0088] In this embodiment, when installing the telescopic rod 610, the construction personnel first insert one end of the first hollow rod 820 into the clamping section 1003 on the connecting block 810, and then connect the first hollow rod 820 and the connecting block 810 by passing bolts through the first clamping plate 1002 and the second bolt hole 1004 and the first bolt hole 910 on the first hollow rod 820. When connecting the telescopic rod 610 to the box girder, bolt holes are first drilled at the bottom of the box girder, then the third bolt hole 1005 on the first flat plate 1001 is aligned with the bolt holes, and finally the first flat plate 1001 and the box girder are fixedly connected by bolts, which facilitates the construction personnel to connect the telescopic rod 610 and the box girder.

[0089] In this embodiment, the mounting plate 730 is provided with a plurality of fourth bolt holes 740 spaced apart along the length of the mounting plate 730.

[0090] In this embodiment, construction workers can connect the mounting plate 730 to the cover beam by inserting a bolt through the fourth bolt hole 740 and into the bolt hole on the cover beam, thereby facilitating the construction workers to fix the guide seat 620.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first measuring ruler 710 is welded to the mounting plate 730.

[0092] This embodiment facilitates the assembly of the guide seat 620 by construction personnel.

[0093] This embodiment provides a bridge jacking and leveling device, including the aforementioned vertical displacement observation component.

[0094] Example 4 like Figures 16-22As shown, this embodiment provides a leveling steel plate installation slope adjustment component for box girder during the support system modification process. It includes a slope adjustment component body 1600 set at the bottom of the box girder. The slope adjustment component body 1600 includes two connectors 1602 located on both sides of the box girder. Each connector 1602 includes a connecting seat 1701 for connecting to the bottom side wall of the box girder. A first lifting plate 1601 for supporting the steel plate is provided below the connecting seat 1701. A lifting mechanism is provided between the first lifting plate 1601 and the connecting seat 1701. The lifting mechanism is used to push the first lifting plate 1601 to move towards the bottom of the box girder.

[0095] In this embodiment, during installation, two slope adjustment component bodies 1600 are first installed at intervals along the length of the box girder. Connectors 1602 on the slope adjustment component bodies 1600 are located on both sides of the bottom of the box girder. When installing the connectors 1602, bolt holes are first drilled on the side walls of both sides of the bottom of the box girder. Bolts are then passed through the connecting seats 1701 to fix the connecting seats 1701 to the side walls of the box girder. Afterwards, the construction workers pass the upper end of the second threaded rod 1703 through the connecting seat 1701, and the lower end... Passing through the first lifting plate 1601 and the second lifting plate 1704, and screwing on the third nut 2101 above the connecting seat 1701 and below the second lifting plate 1704, the leveling steel plate is finally placed on the first lifting plate 1601. Then, by rotating the third nut 2101 below the second lifting plate 1704, the third nut 2101 rises along the second threaded rod 1703, thereby pushing the first lifting plate 1601, the second lifting plate 1704, and the leveling steel plate to rise until the leveling steel plate rises to... The leveling steel plate is bolted to the bottom surface of the box girder and then attached to it. The component uses symmetrically arranged connectors 1602 on both sides, firmly connected to the bottom sidewall of the box girder, forming a stable load-bearing foundation. The leveling steel plate is mechanically lifted and fully attached to the bottom surface of the box girder, ensuring uniform transmission of lifting force and effectively avoiding localized stress concentration. The leveling steel plate is raised and lowered by rotating the third nut 2101, achieving millimeter-level precise control of its height. Unlike traditional slope adjustment methods that rely on operating jacks and require indirect judgment of the effect through remote sensors and computer screens, this component's mechanical adjustment method allows construction personnel to directly rotate the nut and visually observe the rising of the lifting plate and steel plate. This avoids potential signal delays and data misreading issues in electronic systems, significantly reducing the operational threshold and complexity, making the operation process clear and straightforward. The connections between components are mainly achieved through bolts and threaded rods, resulting in a high degree of standardization and quick and easy on-site assembly.

[0096] In this embodiment, the connecting seat 1701 includes a parallel plate 1804 arranged parallel to the top surface of the box girder, an inclined plate 1803 arranged at one end of the parallel plate 1804, a fixing plate 1801 for connecting the parallel plate 1804 and the inclined plate 1803 at both ends, and a fifth bolt hole 1802 is provided at the inclined plate 1803.

[0097] In this embodiment, the inclination of the inclined plate 1803 is the same as the inclination of the bottom side wall of the box girder, which facilitates the inclined plate 1803 to fit against the side wall of the box girder and keeps the parallel plate 1804 horizontal. By aligning the fifth bolt hole 1802 with the bolt hole opened on the side wall of the box girder, and then inserting the limiting bolt 1702 through the fifth bolt hole 1802 into the bolt hole, the inclined plate 1803 and the box girder are fixedly connected. The fixing plate 1801 connects the parallel plate 1804 and the inclined plate 1803, further strengthening the overall structural strength of the connecting seat 1701.

[0098] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a second lifting plate 1704 for supporting the first lifting plate 1601. A guide strip hole 1805 is provided at the parallel plate 1804. The lifting mechanism includes a second threaded rod 1703 passing through the guide strip hole 1805, the second lifting plate 1704 and the first lifting plate 1601. A third nut 2101 that is threadedly engaged with the second threaded rod 1703 is provided above the parallel plate 1804 and below the second lifting plate 1704.

[0099] In this embodiment, construction workers can rotate the third nut 2101 to push the first lifting plate 1601 and the second lifting plate 1704 along the second threaded rod 1703, which makes it easier for construction workers to push the adjusting steel plate above the first lifting plate 1601 to the bottom of the box girder.

[0100] In this embodiment, the guide strip hole 1805 is provided along the length direction of the parallel plate 1804.

[0101] Through this embodiment, construction workers can move the two connecting seats 1701 and adjust the distance between them, so that the two connecting seats 1701 can adapt to box girders of different widths.

[0102] In this embodiment, a second scale 1902 is provided on the side wall of the first lifting plate 1601.

[0103] In this embodiment, after the construction personnel place the leveling steel plate onto the first lifting plate 1601, they observe whether the two ends of the leveling steel plate correspond to the same position on the second scale 1902 on the two first lifting plates 1601, to prevent the leveling steel plate from tilting and causing deviation when connecting with the bottom of the box girder.

[0104] In this embodiment, both ends of the first lifting plate 1601 are provided with sixth bolt holes 1901 for the second threaded rod 1703 to pass through.

[0105] In this embodiment, the sixth bolt hole 1901 restricts the left and right swaying of the first lifting plate 1601, making the first lifting plate 1601 more stable during the rising process; the first lifting plate 1601 is made of square steel.

[0106] In this embodiment, the second lifting plate 1704 is provided with a seventh bolt hole 2001 for the second threaded rod 1703 to pass through.

[0107] This embodiment facilitates the installation of the second threaded rod 1703 through the second lifting plate 1704 by construction personnel.

[0108] This embodiment provides a bridge jacking and leveling device, including the aforementioned box girder leveling steel plate installation slope adjustment component.

[0109] Example 5 like Figures 12-15 As shown, this embodiment provides an auxiliary component for installing a leveling steel plate for a box girder after synchronous jacking during the modification of the support system. The component includes a main body 1200, which includes a support frame 1202 for supporting the support 1201. The support frame 1202 includes a rectangular upper support plate 1401. A connecting mechanism is provided between the upper support plate 1401 and the support 1201 to connect them. Support legs 1302 perpendicular to the upper support plate 1401 are provided at each of the four corners of the upper support plate 1401. A pushing mechanism is provided at the end of the support leg 1302 away from the upper support plate 1401. The pushing mechanism cooperates with the connecting mechanism to adjust the levelness of the support 1201.

[0110] In this embodiment, using the auxiliary component body 1200, a new support 1201 is lifted. First, the construction workers place the new support 1201 on the upper support plate 1401. Then, the support 1201 is connected to the upper support plate 1401 via a connecting mechanism to prevent movement of the support 1201 on the upper support plate 1401. Next, the construction workers activate the pushing mechanism below the support leg 1302 to lift the entire support frame 1202, causing the support 1201 to rise. Once the support 1201 reaches a suitable height, the construction workers adjust the support angles of the support frame 1202 and the support 1201 by adjusting the four pushing mechanisms respectively, ensuring that the support 1201 fits snugly against the leveling steel plate on the bottom surface of the box girder. If small gaps exist, they are filled with thin steel sheets. Finally, the support 1201 is welded to the leveling steel plate. This component realizes the lifting of the support 1201. The integrated operation of positioning, lifting, and leveling allows for simultaneous vertical positioning and horizontal attitude adjustment of the support 1201 via the pushing mechanism of the support leg 1302. It enables precise three-dimensional spatial attitude adjustment of the support 1201, ensuring a stress-free, full-area fit with the box girder leveling steel plate. The dual guarantee of mechanical connection and fine-tuning filling ensures the stability of the installation process and fundamentally eliminates the risk of support eccentricity, providing a long-term reliable support foundation for the bridge. Traditionally, lifting the support relies on jacks, and leveling relies on manual padding—separate processes. This component combines these two processes, using the pushing mechanism under the support leg 1302 to complete lifting and high-precision leveling in situ at the installation position of the support 1201. This simplifies the process, reduces reliance on and interference with the main lifting system, simplifies operation steps, and avoids dependence on the technical skills of construction personnel.

[0111] In this embodiment, the upper support plate 1401 includes two parallel first connecting plates 1301 and two parallel second connecting plates 1306, which are connected end to end in sequence; between the two second connecting plates 1306, there are multiple third connecting plates 1305 spaced apart along the length direction of the first connecting plates 1301, and multiple first holes 1304 spaced apart along the length direction of the third connecting plates 1305 are provided at both ends of the sidewalls of the third connecting plates 1305; the connecting mechanism includes an L-shaped pin 1307, which passes through the support 1201 and the first holes 1304 to limit the position of the support 1201.

[0112] In this embodiment, when installing the support plate 1401, two first connecting plates 1301 and two second connecting plates 1306 are connected by welding. Both the first connecting plates 1301 and the second connecting plates 1306 are made of square steel. The third connecting plate 1305 is welded to the second connecting plates 1306, and the third connecting plate 1305 is also made of square steel. When the construction personnel place the support 1201 on the third connecting plate 1305, the through hole at the bottom of the support 1201 is aligned with the first hole 1304 on the third connecting plate 1305. Then, the pin rod 1307 passes through the first hole 1304 and the through hole at the bottom of the support 1201 to limit the support 1201 and prevent the support 1201 from moving on the third connecting plate 1305. By setting multiple first holes 1304, supports 1201 of different sizes can be accommodated.

[0113] In this embodiment, both ends of the two first connecting plates 1301 are provided with second holes 1402 corresponding to the first holes 1304.

[0114] In this embodiment, by providing multiple second holes 1402, the upper support plate 1401 can adapt to and limit supports 1201 of different sizes.

[0115] In this embodiment, the support leg 1302 includes a fourth connecting plate 1501 connected to the first connecting plate 1301, and a U-shaped clamping plate 1502 is connected to the lower end of the fourth connecting plate 1501.

[0116] In this embodiment, the fourth connecting plate 1501 is made of square steel, and the fourth connecting plate 1501 is welded to the clamping plate 1502, which is made of channel steel.

[0117] In this embodiment, the pushing mechanism includes a hydraulic jack 1303 disposed below the card plate 1502.

[0118] In this embodiment, the hydraulic jack 1303 pushes the support leg 1302 and lifts the support frame 1202, thereby ensuring that the support 1201 on the support frame 1202 can fit with the leveling steel plate at the bottom of the box girder.

[0119] In this embodiment, a leveling bubble tube 1308 is provided on the upper surface of each of the two first connecting plates 1301 and the two second connecting plates 1306.

[0120] In this embodiment, when the construction personnel are leveling the support frame 1202, they can observe the leveling bubble tube 1308 to ensure that the bubble in the leveling bubble tube 1308 is in the center, thereby making it easier for the construction personnel to adjust the support frame 1202 to be level.

[0121] This embodiment provides a bridge jacking and leveling device, including the above-mentioned auxiliary component for installing the leveling steel plate of the support after synchronous jacking of box girder.

[0122] It is readily understood that those skilled in the art can combine, split, or reorganize the embodiments provided in this application to obtain other embodiments, all of which do not exceed the protection scope of this application.

[0123] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge jacking and leveling device, characterized in that: It includes the main body of the limiting component (100), the main body of the observation component (600), the main body of the auxiliary component (1200), and the main body of the slope adjustment component (1600). The limiting component body (100) includes two fixing seats (120) respectively disposed on both sides of the expansion joint of adjacent box girders. The fixing seat (120) includes a base plate (220) connected to the box girder. A vertical plate (240) is provided at the upper end of the base plate (220) perpendicular to the base plate (220). A connecting rod (130) is provided between the two fixing seats (120) with both ends passing through the vertical plate (240). An adjustment and fixing mechanism is provided at the connection between the connecting rod (130) and the vertical plate (240). The adjustment and fixing mechanism is used to assist the connecting rod (130) in passing through the vertical plate (240) and connecting the two fixing seats (120). The main body (600) of the observation component includes a telescopic rod (610) for connecting to the bottom of the box girder, and a guide seat (620) for connecting to the cap beam; the guide seat (620) includes a first measuring scale (710), and mounting plates (730) are provided on both sides of the first measuring scale (710) along the length direction of the first measuring scale (710). The first measuring scale (710) and the mounting plates (730) together form a guide groove (720) into which the telescopic rod (610) extends; The auxiliary component body (1200) includes a support frame (1202) for supporting the support (1201). The support frame (1202) includes an upper support plate (1401) in the shape of a rectangle. A connecting mechanism is provided between the upper support plate (1401) and the support (1201) for connecting the upper support plate (1401) and the support (1201). Each of the four corners of the upper support plate (1401) is provided with a support leg (1302) perpendicular to the upper support plate (1401). A pushing mechanism is provided at the end of the support leg (1302) away from the upper support plate (1401). The pushing mechanism is used to cooperate with the connecting mechanism to adjust the level of the support (1201). The main body (1600) of the slope adjustment component includes two connectors (1602) located on both sides of the box girder. Each connector (1602) includes a connecting seat (1701) for connecting to the bottom side wall of the box girder. A first lifting plate (1601) for supporting steel plates is provided below the connecting seat (1701). A lifting mechanism is provided between the first lifting plate (1601) and the connecting seat (1701). The lifting mechanism is used to push the first lifting plate (1601) to move towards the bottom of the box girder.

2. The bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting and fixing mechanism includes a first limiting hole (410) provided on the vertical plate (240), a sliding seat (150) provided at the first limiting hole (410), the sliding seat (150) includes a first sleeve (320) passing through the first limiting hole (410), and mounting rings (330) are provided at both ends of the side walls of the first sleeve (320); the ratio of the outer diameter of the first sleeve (320) to the diameter of the first limiting hole (410) is 2:3; and a first nut (140) for threaded engagement with the connecting rod (130) is provided on both sides of the vertical plate (240).

3. A bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of diagonal bracing plates (230) are provided between the base plate (220) and the vertical plate (240) at intervals along the width direction of the base plate (220).

4. The bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (610) includes a first hollow rod (820), inside which is provided a sliding rod (830) arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod (820); a strip-shaped through hole (920) arranged along the length direction of the first hollow rod (820) is provided on the side wall away from the first measuring ruler (710); a first threaded rod (1101) passing through the strip-shaped through hole (920) is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod (830); a second nut (1102) threadedly engaged with the first threaded rod (1101) is provided at one end of the first threaded rod (1101) passing through the strip-shaped through hole (920).

5. A bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the first hollow rod (820) is provided with a connecting block (810) for connecting the box girder and the first hollow rod (820); the connecting block (810) includes a first plate (1001), and two first clamping plates (1002) are provided at one end face of the first plate (1001) perpendicular to the first plate (1001). The two first clamping plates (1002) and the first plate (1001) together form a clamping interval (1003) into which one end of the first hollow rod (820) extends; a first bolt hole (910) is provided on the side wall of the first hollow rod (820) extending into the clamping interval (1003), and a second bolt hole (1004) is provided on the side wall of the two first clamping plates (1002) corresponding to the first bolt hole (910); a plurality of third bolt holes (1005) are provided on the first plate (1001).

6. A bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support plate (1401) includes two parallel first connecting plates (1301) and two parallel second connecting plates (1306), which are connected end to end in sequence; between the two second connecting plates (1306) there are multiple third connecting plates (1305) spaced apart along the length of the first connecting plate (1301), and multiple first holes (1304) spaced apart along the length of the third connecting plate (1305) are provided at both ends of the sidewalls of the third connecting plate (1305); the connecting mechanism includes an L-shaped pin (1307), which passes through the support (1201) and the first holes (1304) to limit the support (1201).

7. A bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the two first connecting plates (1301) are provided with second holes (1402) corresponding to the first holes (1304).

8. A bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting seat (1701) includes a parallel plate (1804) arranged parallel to the top surface of the box girder. One end of the parallel plate (1804) is provided with an inclined plate (1803) arranged at an angle. Both ends of the parallel plate (1804) and the inclined plate (1803) are provided with fixing plates (1801) for connecting the parallel plate (1804) and the inclined plate (1803). A fifth bolt hole (1802) is provided at the inclined plate (1803).

9. A bridge jacking and leveling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a second lifting plate (1704) for supporting the first lifting plate (1601), a guide strip hole (1805) is provided at the parallel plate (1804), and the lifting mechanism includes a second threaded rod (1703) passing through the guide strip hole (1805), the second lifting plate (1704) and the first lifting plate (1601). A third nut (2101) that is threadedly engaged with the second threaded rod (1703) is provided above the parallel plate (1804) and below the second lifting plate (1704).

10. A method for jacking and leveling a bridge, comprising the bridge jacking and leveling device as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: S1, Lifting Preparation First, scaffolding is erected at the piers, and a construction interface consisting of treads is laid on top of the scaffolding. At the same time, anti-slip baffles are installed at the cap beam blocks, and the main body of the limiting component (100) is installed at the expansion joint of the adjacent box beams. When installing the main body of the limiting component (100), multiple fixed seats (120) are installed at intervals along the width direction of the box beams on the upper surface of the opposite end of the adjacent box beams. When installing the fixed seats (120), bolts are passed through the base plate (220) and fixed to the surface of the box beam. Then, the connecting rod (130) is passed through the vertical plate (240) on the corresponding fixed seat (120). Finally, the fixing mechanism is adjusted to fix the connecting rod (130) and the vertical plate (240). S2, Erect temporary support After the lifting preparation is completed, main jacks are set up at the bottom of the box girder, and temporary supports consisting of support blocks are set up below the stress-bearing parts at the bottom of the box girder. S3, Construction of Multi-dimensional Monitoring Network First, observation points are marked at the ends and mid-span of the key sections of the bridge deck as macroscopic benchmarks and manual verification points for the lifting height and displacement. Then, digital displacement sensors are installed near each jack and connected to the central PLC main control system via data cables. After that, the main body of the observation component (600) is installed. First, the upper end of the telescopic rod (610) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box girder. Then, the guide seat (620) is fixedly connected to the cap beam so that the telescopic rod (610) extends into the guide groove (720) on the guide seat (620) and covers the scale on the first measuring ruler (710). S4, stepped jacking and dynamic slope adjustment Then, all jacks are activated to lift the box girder synchronously to a reference height, so that the girder can be smoothly removed from the temporary support and enter a controllable suspension state. Then, each jack is lifted to a different height, each time not exceeding 2 centimeters, and this process is repeated. By controlling the difference in lifting amount at each jack support point, the slope of the box girder is dynamically adjusted synchronously during the lifting process. S5, Support System Modification After the slope adjustment is in place, the temporary support is raised, and then the support system is replaced. First, the slope adjustment component body (1600) is used. When installing the slope adjustment component body (1600), two slope adjustment component bodies (1600) are installed at intervals along the length of the box girder. The connectors (1602) on the slope adjustment component body (1600) are located on both sides of the bottom of the box girder. Then, the leveling steel plate is placed on the first lifting plate (1601). Then, the leveling steel plate is lifted to the bottom of the box girder by the lifting mechanism and is attached to the bottom of the box girder. Finally, it is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box girder. Then, the auxiliary component body (1200) is used to lift the new support (1201) and adjust the angle of the support (1201) by the pushing mechanism to attach it to the leveling steel plate on the bottom of the box girder. Finally, the welding with the leveling steel plate is completed. Finally, the support pad stone is removed, the steel bar is extended, the anchor bolts are pre-embedded, and the high-performance grouting material is poured. S6, Subsystem Retreat and Post-Work Recovery Finally, following the reverse sequence of the jacking process, the girder was lowered slowly and in stages, allowing the load of the box girder to be smoothly transferred to the new support (1201); after acceptance and confirmation, all construction equipment was removed and the bridge was restored to its normal state.

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