Grading traction type steel tower vertical rotation construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a graded traction type steel tower vertical rotation construction method, and belongs to the technical field of steel tower vertical rotation. S2, vertical rotating hinge construction; the vertical rotating hinge comprises an upper hinge base, a lower hinge base and a temporary shaft, the temporary shaft is arranged outside the upper hinge base and the lower hinge base, and the upper hinge base rotates relative to the lower hinge base with the temporary shaft as a rotating shaft. S3, assembling the tower body; s4, mounting a vertical rotation auxiliary structure; the vertical rotation auxiliary structure comprises a vertical rotation frame, a traction cable, a balance cable, an anti-skid and anti-shear support, a stabilizing cable and a position adjusting mechanism. S5, vertical rotation of the tower body is started, and vertical rotation is carried out in a graded mode; s6, after vertical rotation is completed, the position of the upper hinged support relative to the lower hinged support is adjusted through a position adjusting assembly, a permanent shaft is inserted between the upper hinged support and the lower hinged support, and the permanent shaft replaces the temporary shaft; and S7, the upper hinged support and the lower hinged support are welded and fixed, and the vertical rotation auxiliary structure is dismantled. The vertical rotation auxiliary structure has the effects that impact of the upper hinged support is borne, the posture of the upper hinged support relative to the lower hinged support is adjusted, and it is guaranteed that the positions of the upper hinged support and the lower hinged support are accurate during welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of steel tower vertical rotation, and in particular to a staged traction-type steel tower vertical rotation construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, vertical rotation of steel towers is a highly efficient construction method for large steel towers. Traditional segmented hoisting faces challenges such as difficulty in precision control, high safety risks, and significant limitations imposed by site conditions and lifting equipment when operating at heights. Vertical rotation, by first assembling the steel tower on the ground or in a low-profile position, and then using traction equipment to rotate the entire tower to the designed angle, can significantly reduce the amount of work at height, improve construction accuracy and safety, and is particularly suitable for irregularly shaped and heavy steel towers. It can overcome site limitations, optimize the construction process, and ensure project quality and efficiency.

[0003] In actual construction, the vertical hinge is constructed on the hardened site, and then the steel arch tower is assembled. The vertical hinge includes an upper hinge seat, a lower hinge seat, and a rotating shaft. The upper hinge seat rotates with the tower body relative to the lower hinge seat. Then, the auxiliary structures for vertical rotation, such as traction cables, are installed. After the auxiliary structures are installed, vertical rotation begins. After the vertical rotation is completed, the relevant auxiliary devices are removed.

[0004] Since the upper and lower hinge seats need to rotate, there must be a gap between the rotating shaft and the inner wall of the shaft hole. When the vertical rotation is completed, the upper hinge seat sits on the lower hinge seat, which will first impact the lower hinge seat. Secondly, the lower hinge seat and the upper hinge seat need to be welded together after they come into contact. However, there is a gap between the rotating shaft and the shaft hole, which results in a defect that the edges of the upper and lower hinge seats are misaligned after they come into contact. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to withstand the impact of the upper hinge seat and adjust the posture of the upper hinge seat relative to the lower hinge seat, and to ensure the accuracy of the position of the upper and lower hinge seats during welding, this application provides a staged traction-type steel tower vertical rotation construction method.

[0006] The graded traction-type steel tower vertical rotation construction method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Includes the following steps:

[0008] S1, Site hardening;

[0009] S2. Construction of vertical hinge; The vertical hinge includes an upper hinge seat, a lower hinge seat and a temporary shaft. The temporary shaft is set outside the upper hinge seat and the lower hinge seat. The upper hinge seat rotates relative to the lower hinge seat with the temporary shaft as the pivot.

[0010] S3. Tower assembly;

[0011] S4. Installation of vertical rotation auxiliary structure; The vertical rotation auxiliary structure includes a vertical rotation frame, traction cable, balance cable, anti-slip and shear support, and adjustment mechanism;

[0012] S5. Begin vertical rotation of the tower body, proceeding in stages;

[0013] S6. After vertical rotation is completed, adjust the position of the upper hinge seat relative to the lower hinge seat using the adjustment component, and insert the permanent shaft between the shaft holes of the upper and lower hinge seats using an interference fit. The permanent shaft replaces the temporary shaft, and the insertion end of the permanent shaft is in a reduced diameter shape.

[0014] S7. The upper hinge seat and the lower hinge seat are welded and fixed, and the vertical rotation auxiliary structure is removed.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the temporary shaft is set outside the upper and lower hinge seats, which not only meets the relative rotation requirements of the two during vertical rotation, but also avoids the potential for attitude displacement caused by the clearance of traditional built-in rotating shafts. After vertical rotation is completed, the position of the upper hinge seat relative to the lower hinge seat is precisely adjusted by the adjustment mechanism, so that the shaft holes of the upper and lower hinge seats are further aligned. Then, the temporary shaft is replaced with a permanent shaft with an interference fit to form a rigid connection. The insertion of the permanent shaft corrects the misalignment of the upper and lower hinge seats, and finally, it is welded and fixed. This process not only eliminates the misalignment defects caused by the initial clearance through adjustment, but also ensures the structural stability through the double fixation of the permanent shaft and welding. At the same time, the external setting of the temporary shaft facilitates the subsequent replacement operation, effectively solves the problem of upper hinge seat falling impact and attitude misalignment, and ensures welding accuracy.

[0016] Optionally, the adjusting mechanism includes a support assembly and an adjusting assembly. The support assembly includes an upper bearing platform and a lower bearing platform. The upper bearing platform is located above the lower bearing platform to support the upper hinge seat as it falls. The lower bearing platform is fixed to the outer wall of the lower hinge seat. The adjusting assembly includes a through screw, an adjusting block, a limiting cap, and a buffer sand box. Two adjusting blocks, two limiting caps, and two buffer sand boxes are provided and symmetrically arranged between the upper and lower bearing platforms. The top end of the adjusting block slides against the side wall of the upper bearing platform, and the bottom end slides against the side wall of the lower bearing platform. The buffer sand box is located at the position of the adjusting block. Between the adjusting block and the limiting cap, the limiting cap is located on the side of the adjusting block away from the upper bearing platform. The through screw horizontally passes through all the adjusting blocks, limiting caps and buffer sand boxes. The through screw is rotatably set on the lower bearing platform and threadedly connected to the limiting cap. The adjusting blocks and buffer sand boxes are slidably set along the length of the through screw. When the through screw rotates, it drives the two limiting caps to move in a direction that approaches each other, thereby indirectly pushing the two adjusting blocks to move in a direction that approaches each other to lift the upper bearing platform. The buffer sand box itself has the ability to compress and deform and is filled with sand.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the support component of the adjustment mechanism can directly withstand the impact force of the upper hinge seat falling, avoiding direct force damage to the hinge seat body. In the adjustment component, the rotation of the through screw drives the limit cap to push the adjustment block. The sliding contact between the adjustment block and the side wall of the bearing platform achieves fine-tuning of the horizontal attitude of the upper bearing platform and the upper hinge seat, which can raise one side of the upper hinge seat. Further calibration of the position achieves accurate alignment of the shaft holes of the upper and lower hinge seats. With the interference fit of the permanent shaft, the precise positioning of the upper and lower hinge seats is further achieved. The buffer sand box absorbs the impact energy through the compression deformation of the internal sand, further reducing the impact of falling. The overall structure realizes the integrated function of "impact absorption - attitude fine-tuning - precise positioning", effectively solving the problems of impact damage and position misalignment of the upper hinge seat, and providing reliable protection for subsequent welding and fixing.

[0018] Optionally, the outer wall of the upper hinge seat is fixed with an upper rim, the outer wall of the lower hinge seat is fixed with a lower rim, the lower support is fixed to the top of the lower rim, and the upper support is used to support the upper rim.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper and lower surrounds expand the force-bearing areas of the upper and lower hinge seats, respectively. This allows the impact force of the upper hinge seat during its descent to be dispersed and transmitted to the lower support platform through the surrounds, preventing localized stress concentration in the hinge seat. Simultaneously, the surrounds provide a stable mounting platform for the adjustment mechanism, ensuring that the adjustment force can be effectively transmitted to the upper hinge seat body through the surrounds, improving adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, the surrounds increase the contact redundancy between the upper and lower hinge seats. Even with minor initial misalignment, the guiding effect of the surrounds can assist the upper hinge seat in returning to its original position, further ensuring adjustment accuracy.

[0020] Optionally, a hydraulic cylinder and a guide rod are provided between the upper and lower support platforms. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the lower support platform, is vertically arranged, and its top piston end is detachably connected to the bottom end of the guide rod. An ear plate is fixed on the outer wall of the upper support platform, and the ear plate has a through hole. The guide rod passes through the through hole in a vertical direction, and the diameter of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is larger than the diameter of the through hole. Two hydraulic cylinders, guide rods, and ear plates are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper and lower support platforms.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydraulic cylinder can adjust the vertical height of the upper bearing platform through the extension and retraction of the piston rod, and achieve the attitude adjustment of the upper hinge seat in conjunction with the adjustment component. The guide rod passes through the perforation of the ear plate, limiting the horizontal displacement of the upper bearing platform and avoiding overturning or misalignment caused by uneven force during the adjustment process. The setting of the piston rod diameter being larger than the perforation diameter ensures that when the hydraulic cylinder does not need to lift the upper bearing platform, there is a reserved distance between the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder and the ear plate. During the descent of the upper hinge seat, the upper bearing platform, after being compressed, will not directly impact the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder, thus protecting the hydraulic cylinder. When the hydraulic cylinder needs to be used, it can also use the ear plate to lift the upper bearing platform. The hydraulic cylinder and the adjustment component work together to ensure the stability of the hinge seat attitude during the adjustment process, providing double protection for accurate positioning.

[0022] Optionally, the upper and lower bearing platforms have the same shape and are symmetrically arranged. The circumferential sidewall of the lower bearing platform is inclined downward along a direction away from its own vertical center line. A groove is provided on the circumferential sidewall of the lower bearing platform. A protrusion is fixed at the end of the adjusting block. The protrusion is inserted into the groove and slides relative to the groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined sidewalls of the upper and lower bearing platforms provide stable sliding guide surfaces for the adjusting block, allowing the adjusting block to smoothly convert horizontal force into lifting force under horizontal thrust, driving the upper bearing platform to rise and fall smoothly. The cooperation between the groove and the protrusion restricts the sliding trajectory of the adjusting block, preventing it from detaching from the sidewalls of the upper and lower bearing platforms when under force, and also serves to limit the position of the upper and lower bearing platforms, ensuring the stable transmission of the adjusting force. The symmetrical design ensures the synchronicity of the adjusting actions on both sides, avoiding tilting of the upper bearing platform caused by force on one side. This structure improves the operational reliability and adjusting accuracy of the adjusting mechanism, ensuring precise and controllable adjustment of the upper hinge seat posture.

[0024] Optionally, a central sand box is provided between the upper and lower bearing platforms, which has its own compression deformation capability and is filled with sand; the central sand box is vertically arranged with its top end abutting the bottom of the upper bearing platform and its bottom end abutting the top of the lower bearing platform.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the upper hinge seat falls after the vertical rotation is completed, the central sand box can directly bear the vertical impact force and absorb the energy through sand compression, forming a three-dimensional buffer system of "center + two sides" with the buffer sand box. The vertical setting of the central sand box is specifically designed to absorb vertical impact, while the buffer sand box focuses on absorbing the horizontal impact component. The two complement each other, greatly improving the overall buffering effect, effectively reducing the impact damage of the upper hinge seat falling on the lower hinge seat, and protecting the structural integrity.

[0026] Optionally, the time periods of compression deformation of the buffer sand box and the central sand box overlap.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the compression deformation time periods of the buffer sand box and the central sand box coincide, which can form a superimposed buffer effect at the moment of maximum impact load: the compression deformation of the sand body works together to absorb the impact energy, avoiding buffer failure caused by insufficient deformation of a single sand box; at the same time, the overlapping deformation process makes the attenuation of impact force more stable, reduces the vibration of the hinge seat caused by impact fluctuations, further ensures the stability of the upper hinge seat when it falls, and lays the foundation for subsequent adjustment operations.

[0028] Optionally, a positioning plate is fixed on the lower support, and a motor is fixed on the positioning plate. The output end of the motor is fixed to one end of the through screw.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning plate provides a rigid fixed foundation for the motor, ensuring that the motor output torque can be stably transmitted to the through screw, avoiding the loss of driving force caused by motor shaking; the motor drive realizes precise speed control of the through screw, and with the self-locking property of the thread transmission, it can realize micro-displacement adjustment of the adjustment block with millimeter-level accuracy, greatly improving the adjustment accuracy; it can respond to adjustment needs in real time, improve construction efficiency, and ensure the accuracy and convenience of upper hinge seat posture adjustment.

[0030] Optionally, both the upper and lower edges are three-sided surrounds, and three adjustment mechanisms are provided and distributed in a triangular shape between the upper and lower edges.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the three-sided surround design of the upper and lower edges provides a uniformly distributed installation position for the adjustment mechanism. The three triangularly distributed adjustment mechanisms can apply adjustment force to the hinge seat from three directions respectively, forming a stable triangular adjustment system, realizing all-round attitude calibration of the upper hinge seat, and avoiding positioning deviation caused by adjustment blind spots. At the same time, the stability of the triangular structure can counteract the lateral force during the adjustment process, prevent the upper hinge seat from shifting unexpectedly, and ensure the accuracy of the position after adjustment.

[0032] Optionally, in step S4, when installing the vertical rotating frame, a small pressure bar is installed on the vertical rotating frame. The angle between the small pressure bar and the vertical rotating frame is less than 90°, and the initial angle between the vertical rotating frame and the tower body is less than 30°. One end of the traction cable is fixed to the anchor point on the beam, and the other end is connected to the cantilever end of the small pressure bar and then fixed to the ear plate on the vertical rotating frame. In step S5, the traction cable first pulls the small pressure bar, so that the small pressure bar pulls the large pressure bar. After the large pressure bar is in place, the small pressure bar is removed, so that the traction cable directly pulls the large pressure bar, and the large pressure bar then pulls the tower body.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the small angle design between the small pressure bar and the vertical rotating frame allows for precise traction force control of the large pressure bar during the initial stage of vertical rotation through the short lever arm of the small pressure bar. This gradually overcomes the initial static friction and inertial forces of the tower body, avoiding sudden force changes caused by direct traction. The small initial angle between the vertical rotating frame and the tower body also reduces the torque load in the initial stage, improving structural stability. After the large pressure bar is in place, the small pressure bar is removed, allowing the traction cable to directly drive the large pressure bar. The long lever arm efficiently transmits the traction force, meeting the power requirements for large-angle vertical rotation in the later stages. This step-by-step traction mode not only solves the problem of difficult initial rotation power control but also ensures overall vertical rotation efficiency, reduces tower sway, and indirectly reduces the risk of attitude deviation when the upper hinge seat falls, providing favorable conditions for subsequent positioning and welding.

[0034] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] 1. The step-by-step traction mode of the small pressure bar and the vertical rotating frame not only precisely controls the initial rotation force through the short lever arm of the small pressure bar to avoid sudden changes in force value, but also meets the needs of large-angle vertical rotation in the later stage through the long lever arm of the vertical rotating frame, reducing tower swaying and indirectly reducing the risk of attitude deviation when the upper hinge seat falls, thus improving the safety and efficiency of the overall vertical rotation process.

[0036] 2. By following the process of "temporary shaft rotation - adjustment mechanism calibration - permanent shaft replacement - welding fixation", combined with the precise fine-tuning function of the adjustment component and the interference fit of the permanent shaft, the misalignment problem between the upper and lower hinge seats caused by the backlash of the rotating shaft in traditional vertical hinges is effectively solved. At the same time, by supporting the impact of falling, the positional accuracy and structural stability of the hinge seat welding are greatly improved, ensuring the long-term load-bearing reliability of the steel tower after vertical rotation.

[0037] 3. The "center + two sides" three-dimensional buffer system formed by the central sand box and the buffer sand boxes has significant advantages over conventional components used for buffering (such as springs and hydraulic cylinders): Spring buffering is prone to elastic rebound, which can easily trigger secondary impacts; when used for buffering, hydraulic cylinders cannot directly withstand severe dynamic impact loads, and the impact force will directly damage the sealing system, leading to hydraulic oil leakage and instantaneous failure of the hydraulic cylinder. In contrast, the sand box absorbs impact energy stably through the plastic compression of the sand body, without rebound force, and can adapt to the large impact force of heavy steel towers. It also has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance. The superimposed buffering effect formed by the overlapping compression deformation time periods of the two further improves the reliability of impact absorption.

[0038] 4. The sand box screens sand particles of a specified size, making its buffering performance predictable and stable, unaffected by the construction season and diurnal temperature differences, thus ensuring consistent construction results under different environments. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the vertical rotating frame installation location;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a small pressure rod traction vertical rotating frame;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical rotating frame traction tower.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical rotating frame traction tower after the small pressure rods have been removed;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tower body being vertically rotated and positioned.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical hinge structure;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning mechanism.

[0047] In the diagram, 1. Vertical hinge; 11. Upper hinge seat; 111. Upper rim; 12. Lower hinge seat; 121. Lower rim; 13. Temporary shaft; 2. Tower body; 3. Vertical rotating frame; 31. Small pressure bar; 32. Traction cable; 33. Balance cable; 4. Adjustment mechanism; 41. Support assembly; 411. Upper bearing platform; 412. Lower bearing platform; 42. Adjustment assembly; 421. Through bolt; 422. Adjustment block; 423. Limit cap; 424. Buffer sand box; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 51. Guide rod; 52. Perforation; 6. Groove; 61. Protrusion; 7. Central sand box; 8. Positioning plate; 81. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0049] This application discloses a graded traction-type steel tower vertical rotation construction method, which is applicable to the overall vertical rotation construction of large irregular steel towers, and optimizes the problems of hinge seat impact damage and posture misalignment during traditional vertical rotation.

[0050] The construction method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system includes the following steps: (Refer to...) Figure 1 S1. Site hardening construction, concrete pouring of the site base, to provide a stable foundation for the subsequent construction of vertical hinge 1 and tower body 2 assembly.

[0051] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6In the S2 and vertical hinge 1 construction phase, the vertical hinge 1 includes an upper hinge seat 11, a lower hinge seat 12, and a temporary shaft 13. Both the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 are welded from steel plates. The top of the upper hinge seat 11 is connected to the bottom flange of the tower body 2 via high-strength bolts, and the bottom of the lower hinge seat 12 is welded and fixed to the pier's embedded parts. The two ends of the temporary shaft 13 are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 respectively via ear plates, allowing the upper hinge seat 11 to rotate relative to the lower hinge seat 12 around the temporary shaft 13, avoiding the initial attitude deviation caused by the shaft hole clearance of traditional built-in rotating shafts. Simultaneously, an annular upper circumference 111 is welded to the outer wall of the upper hinge seat 11, and a matching annular lower circumference 121 is welded to the outer wall of the lower hinge seat 12. Both the upper circumference 111 and the lower circumference 121 are made of steel plates to increase the contact area under stress.

[0052] refer to Figure 1 During the assembly of S3 and Tower 2, a jig is first erected, with adjustable support points at the top. The precise positioning of these support points is ensured using a total station. Subsequently, the steel tower segments are hoisted onto the jig and spliced ​​together, laying the foundation for subsequent vertical rotation attitude control.

[0053] refer to Figures 1 to 6 S4. Installation of the vertical rotation auxiliary structure, which includes a vertical rotation frame 3, a traction cable 32, a balance cable 33, an anti-slip and shear support, and an adjustment mechanism 4. The vertical rotation frame 3 adopts a lattice steel structure, with an overall cone shape that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top. Its bottom is hinged to the pre-embedded part at the top of the beam, and its top is connected to the anchor point in the middle of the tower body 2 through a front cable. Small pressure rods 31 are assembled on the vertical rotation frame 3. One end of the small pressure rod 31 is hinged to the bottom of the vertical rotation frame 3, and the other end is cantilevered. The included angle between the small pressure rod 31 and the vertical rotation frame 3 is controlled between 60° and 80°, and the initial included angle between the vertical rotation frame 3 and the tower body 2 is set to 20° to 30°. One end of the traction cable 32 is fixed to the anchor point on the beam, and the other end is connected to the cantilevered end of the small pressure rod 31 and then fixed to the ear plate on the vertical rotation frame 3. The balancing cables 33 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tower body 2, with one end connected to the top of the tower body 2 and the other end fixed to the anchor point on the beam. They are used to counteract lateral displacement during vertical rotation and to cooperate with the traction cables 32 to achieve the balance of the tower body 2. The anti-slip and shear support is made of cast steel and is fixed to the bottom of the beam. Its sidewall is fitted into the pre-reserved groove in the concrete of the pier.

[0054] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The installation of the adjustment mechanism 4 is carried out simultaneously: the adjustment mechanism 4 includes a support component 41 and an adjustment component 42. The support component 41 includes an upper support 411 and a lower support 412, both of which are made of cast steel. The top of the upper support 411 is used to support the bottom of the upper circumference 111, and the bottom of the lower support 412 is fixed to the top flange of the lower circumference 121. The upper support 411 and the lower support 412 are symmetrical in shape. The circumferential side wall of the lower support 412 is inclined downward along the direction away from the vertical center line, and the side wall of the lower support 412 is provided with a groove 6.

[0055] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The adjusting assembly 42 includes a through screw 421, an adjusting block 422, a limiting cap 423, and a buffer sand box 424. The top and bottom ends of the adjusting block 422 slide against the inclined sidewalls of the upper support 411 and the lower support 412, respectively. A protrusion 61 matching the groove 6 is welded to the end of the adjusting block 422. The protrusion 61 is inserted into the groove 6 and can slide along the groove. The buffer sand box 424 is made of steel plate welded into a compressible box body and is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 0.5-2mm. The buffer sand box 424 is located between the adjusting block 422 and the limiting cap 423. There are two adjusting blocks 422, two limiting caps 423, and two buffer sand boxes 424, which are symmetrically arranged between the upper support 411 and the lower support 412. The limiting cap 423 is located on the side of the adjusting block 422 away from the upper support 411. A through-screw 421 horizontally passes through all adjusting blocks 422, limit caps 423, and buffer sand boxes 424. Limit caps 423 are threadedly connected to the through-screw 421, and adjusting blocks 422 and buffer sand boxes 424 can slide along the screw axial direction. A positioning plate 8 is welded to the outer wall of the lower bearing 412, and a motor 81 is fixed on the positioning plate 8. The output end of the motor 81 is connected to one end of the through-screw 421 via a coupling, enabling millimeter-level displacement control of the adjusting blocks 422. When the motor 81 starts, the through-screw 421 rotates, driving the two limit caps 423 to move closer together, thereby indirectly pushing the two adjusting blocks 422 to move closer together to lift the upper bearing 411. In other words, the threads on both sides of the through-screw 421 are arranged in opposite directions, with its midpoint as the dividing line.

[0056] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8A hydraulic cylinder 5 and a guide rod 51 are also provided between the upper support platform 411 and the lower support platform 412. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed to the side wall of the lower support platform 412, and the top end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rod 51. An ear plate with a through hole 52 is welded to the outer wall of the upper support platform 411. The top end of the guide rod 51 passes through the through hole 52 and can slide relative to it. The diameter of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 52. In the initial state, the guide rod 51 is inserted into the through hole 52, and there is a distance between the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the corresponding ear plate to ensure that the upper support platform 411 will not directly impact the piston rod when it falls. A central sand box 7 is provided between the upper support platform 411 and the lower support platform 412. Its structure is the same as that of the buffer sand box 424. The top end of the sand box 7 is in close contact with the bottom of the upper support platform 411, and the bottom end of the sand box 7 is in close contact with the top of the lower support platform 412. The central sand box 7 can be centrally located, in which case it needs to be penetrated by the through bolt 421; alternatively, it can be non-centrally located, with multiple boxes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the through bolt 421. If the central sand box 7 is penetrated by the through bolt 421, a sleeve can be installed to cover the area through which the through bolt 421 penetrates the central sand box 7, ensuring that the through bolt 421 and the central sand box 7 do not interfere with each other. The compression deformation time periods of the buffer sand box 424 and the central sand box 7 overlap.

[0057] S5. During the vertical rotation of tower body 2, a trial vertical rotation is first conducted: Using hydraulic jacks, the traction cable 32 is slowly pulled to rotate tower body 2 around the temporary axis 13. The tower body 2 is lifted 20cm from the support frame, and traction is stopped. This state is maintained for 2 days. During this period, strain gauges and tilt sensors installed on the upper hinge seat 11, lower hinge seat 12, and key sections of tower body 2 are used to monitor stress values, tilt angles, and cable force changes in real time. Based on the monitoring data, the tension of the balance cable 33 is adjusted to ensure balanced structural stress. After the trial vertical rotation is successful, the formal graded vertical rotation is carried out, rotating in stages of 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. Traction is stopped at each preset angle, and the tower body 2 is left to stand for 1 hour before the attitude and stress on each component are checked until tower body 2 is vertically positioned. The traction cable 32 first pulls the small pressure bar 31, which in turn pulls the large pressure bar. After the large pressure bar is in place, the small pressure bar 31 is removed, allowing the traction cable 32 to directly pull the large pressure bar. The large pressure bar then pulls the tower body 2 to achieve staged vertical rotation.

[0058] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7S6. After the vertical rotation is completed, the adjustment mechanism 4 is started: the motor 81 drives the through screw 421 to rotate, which drives the two limit caps 423 to move closer to each other along the screw, pushing the buffer sand box 424 and the adjustment block 422 to move synchronously. The adjustment block 422 slides along the inclined side wall of the bearing platform and lifts the upper bearing platform 411, realizing the horizontal attitude fine adjustment of the upper hinge seat 11; at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is started, and the piston rod extends and retracts to drive the guide rod 51 to lift the upper bearing platform 411, realizing the upper auxiliary lifting. The presence of multiple adjustment mechanisms 4 and their cooperation with each other make the end of the upper hinge seat 11 near the temporary shaft 13 slightly raised or slightly lowered, realizing the initial adjustment of the shaft hole of the upper hinge seat 11 and the shaft hole of the lower hinge seat 12. At this time, the upper hinge seat 11 is inclined. The temporary shaft 13 is removed, and a permanent shaft is inserted into the shaft hole of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12. The permanent shaft is made of alloy steel of the same material as the temporary shaft 13, and a rigid connection is achieved through interference fit. Since the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 need to rotate relative to each other, there must be a gap between the temporary shaft 13 and the shaft hole. At this time, the temporary shaft 13 only achieves the initial alignment of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12. When the temporary shaft 13 is replaced by a permanent shaft with an interference fit, the final precise alignment of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 is achieved. Due to the presence of the adjustment mechanism 4, the posture of the upper hinge seat 11 is tilted and adjusted. Combined with the process of interference fitting of the permanent shaft, it can better guide and achieve the slight movement of the position of the upper hinge seat 11. Then, step S7 is performed: the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 are welded and fixed, and the vertical rotation auxiliary structure is removed. The gap between the permanent shaft and the shaft hole is welded, and the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 are welded to complete the hinge seat fixing.

[0059] In this embodiment, the insertion end of the permanent shaft is provided with a reduced diameter area, which allows for smoother alignment of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 when the permanent shaft is interference-fitted into their shaft holes. By externally setting the temporary shaft 13, precisely calibrating it with the adjustment mechanism 4, and rigidly connecting the permanent shaft, the misalignment problem of traditional hinge seats is effectively solved.

[0060] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: the ultimate engineering goal is not to have the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 abut together, but to weld the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 into a complete rigid whole. "Shaft replacement" is a key preliminary step to achieve this goal. The upper hinge seat 11 is smoothly seated on the lower hinge seat 12 via the adjusting mechanism 4. For ease of installation and rotation, a necessary gap must be maintained between the temporary shaft 13 and the shaft hole. This gap allows for slight loosening or unidirectional misalignment of the joint under stress, i.e., along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the temporary shaft 13. Fine-tuning is performed using the adjustment mechanism 4 to initially align the shaft holes of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12. One end of the upper hinge seat 11 is then raised to facilitate the mating with the permanent shaft. Subsequent fine-tuning is performed towards the lower inclined direction. The temporary shaft 13 is removed, and a permanent shaft with a larger diameter, higher machining precision, and an interference fit or zero clearance with the shaft hole is immediately inserted. Using the precision-machined permanent shaft, forced alignment is achieved, ensuring that the edges of the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12 are aligned. This tightly fitted permanent shaft begins to bear most of the shear force and evenly transmits the pressure to the hinge seat body. Next, high-strength bevel welding is performed along all contact gaps between the upper hinge seat 11 and the lower hinge seat 12, melting all weld seams through. Final state: After welding, the upper hinge seat 11, the lower hinge seat 12, and the permanent shaft are welded into an inseparable, rigidly connected whole. The nature of the force at this point: the force is no longer transmitted through the "shaft" or "partial contact surface," but through this entire steel structure. The permanent shaft itself has become part of this whole.

[0061] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for vertically rotating a steel tower using a tiered traction system, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1, Site hardening; S2, Construction of vertical hinge (1); The vertical hinge (1) includes an upper hinge seat (11), a lower hinge seat (12) and a temporary shaft (13). The temporary shaft (13) is set outside the upper hinge seat (11) and the lower hinge seat (12). The upper hinge seat (11) rotates relative to the lower hinge seat (12) with the temporary shaft (13) as the pivot. S3, Tower body (2) assembly; S4. Installation of vertical rotation auxiliary structure; The vertical rotation auxiliary structure includes vertical rotation frame (3), traction cable (32), balance cable (33), anti-slip and anti-shear support and adjustment mechanism (4). S5. Begin vertical rotation of the tower body (2), proceeding in stages; S6. After the vertical rotation is completed, the position of the upper hinge seat (11) relative to the lower hinge seat (12) is adjusted by the adjustment component (42), and the permanent shaft is inserted between the shaft holes of the upper hinge seat (11) and the lower hinge seat (12) in an interference fit manner. The permanent shaft replaces the temporary shaft (13), and the insertion end of the permanent shaft is in a reduced diameter shape. S7. The upper hinge seat (11) and the lower hinge seat (12) are welded and fixed, and the vertical rotation auxiliary structure is removed.

2. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (4) includes a support assembly (41) and an adjustment assembly (42). The support assembly (41) includes an upper support platform (411) and a lower support platform (412). The upper support platform (411) is located above the lower support platform (412) to support the upper hinge seat (11) as it falls. The lower support platform (412) is fixed to the outer wall of the lower hinge seat (12). The adjustment assembly (42) includes a through screw (421), an adjustment block (422), a limit cap (423), and a buffer sand box (424). Two adjustment blocks (422), two limit caps (423), and two buffer sand boxes (424) are provided and symmetrically arranged between the upper support platform (411) and the lower support platform (412). The buffer sand box (424) is located between the adjustment block (422) and the limit cap (423). Between, the limiting cap (423) is located on the side of the adjusting block (422) away from the upper bearing platform (411). The through screw (421) horizontally passes through all the adjusting blocks (422), the limiting cap (423) and the buffer sand box (424). The through screw (421) is rotatably set on the lower bearing platform (412) and threadedly connected to the limiting cap (423). The adjusting blocks (422) and the buffer sand box (424) are slidably set along the length direction of the through screw (421). When the through screw (421) rotates, it drives the two limiting caps (423) to move in a direction that approaches each other, thereby indirectly pushing the two adjusting blocks (422) to move in a direction that approaches each other to lift the upper bearing platform (411). The buffer sand box (424) itself has the ability to compress and deform and is filled with sand.

3. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper hinge seat (11) has an upper rim (111) fixed to its outer wall, the lower hinge seat (12) has a lower rim (121) fixed to its outer wall, the lower support (412) is fixed to the top of the lower rim (121), and the upper support (411) is used to support the upper rim (111).

4. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (5) and a guide rod (51) are provided between the upper support (411) and the lower support (412). The hydraulic cylinder (5) is fixed on the outer wall of the lower support (412). The hydraulic cylinder (5) is vertically arranged and the top piston end is detachably connected to the bottom end of the guide rod (51). An ear plate is fixed on the outer wall of the upper support (411). The ear plate has a through hole (52). The guide rod (51) passes through the through hole (52) in the vertical direction. The piston rod diameter of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is larger than the diameter of the through hole (52). There are two hydraulic cylinders (5), two guide rods (51) and two ear plates, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper support (411) and the lower support (412).

5. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper support (411) and the lower support (412) have the same shape and are symmetrically arranged. The circumferential sidewall of the lower support (412) is inclined downward along the direction away from its own vertical center line. A groove (6) is opened on the circumferential sidewall of the lower support (412). A protrusion (61) is fixed at the end of the adjusting block (422). The protrusion (61) is inserted into the groove (6) and slides relative to the groove (6).

6. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A central sand box (7) is provided between the upper support (411) and the lower support (412), which has the ability to compress and deform and is filled with sand. The central sand box (7) is set vertically and its top end abuts against the bottom of the upper support (411), and its bottom end abuts against the top of the lower support (412).

7. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The time periods of compression deformation of the buffer sand box (424) and the central sand box (7) overlap.

8. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning plate (8) is fixed on the lower support (412), and a motor (81) is fixed on the positioning plate (8). The output end of the motor (81) is fixed to one end of the through screw (421).

9. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper edge (111) and the lower edge (121) are both three-sided surrounds, and the adjustment mechanism (4) is provided in three triangular shapes between the upper edge (111) and the lower edge (121).

10. The method for vertical rotation of a steel tower using a tiered traction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the vertical rotating frame (3) is installed, a small pressure rod (31) is installed on the vertical rotating frame (3). The angle between the small pressure rod (31) and the vertical rotating frame (3) is less than 90°, and the initial angle between the vertical rotating frame (3) and the tower body (2) is less than 30°. One end of the traction cable (32) is fixed to the anchor point on the beam, and the other end is connected to the cantilever end of the small pressure rod (31) and then fixed to the ear plate on the vertical rotating frame (3). In step S5, the traction cable (32) first pulls the small pressure rod (31), so that the small pressure rod (31) pulls the large pressure rod. After the large pressure rod is in place, the small pressure rod (31) is removed, so that the traction cable (32) directly pulls the large pressure rod, and the large pressure rod then pulls the tower body (2).

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