External clutch type power shift transmission and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an external clutch type power gear-shifting transmission and a vehicle. The power gear-shifting transmission comprises a box body, a transmission shaft, a transmission shaft and a clutch, the input and forward shaft part is provided with a forward clutch assembly located outside the box body; a reverse gear shaft of the reverse shaft part is supported on the box body through a bearing, and the reverse shaft part is provided with a reverse clutch assembly located outside the box body; an idler shaft of the idler shaft component is supported on the box body through a bearing; a first-gear and third-gear shaft of the first-gear and third-gear shaft component is supported on the box body through a bearing, and a first-gear clutch assembly and a third-gear clutch assembly which are located outside the box body are arranged on the first-gear and third-gear shaft component; a second-gear and fourth-gear shaft of the second-gear and fourth-gear shaft component is supported on the box body through a bearing and is provided with a second-gear clutch assembly and a fourth-gear clutch assembly which are located outside the box body; and an output shaft of the output shaft component is supported on the box body through a bearing. According to the invention, the clutch is externally arranged, so that the maintenance cost can be effectively reduced, and the maintenance convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery transmissions, and further to an external clutch-type power shift transmission and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Power shift transmissions are widely used in construction machinery, off-road vehicles, and other fields. Their performance and reliability directly affect the overall efficiency and service life of the machine. Currently, most existing power shift transmissions place the clutch inside the housing, with the gears arranged on both sides of the clutch, as seen in patents CN202120153148.4, CN20231123791.8, and CN20241134810.9. When the clutch friction plates wear or are damaged due to long-term use, clutch repair requires a complete process of "vehicle disassembly → transmission hoisting → housing disassembly → component separation." This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, leading to prolonged equipment downtime and significantly increased maintenance costs, but also, because the repair involves many parts, secondary damage can easily occur during disassembly and assembly, further affecting the overall reliability of the transmission.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an external clutch-type power shift transmission and vehicle that can achieve quick disassembly and assembly of the clutch and convenient maintenance while ensuring transmission efficiency and gear coverage, thereby effectively reducing maintenance costs and improving equipment uptime. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an external clutch-type power shift transmission and vehicle. By using an external clutch, maintenance costs can be effectively reduced and maintenance convenience can be increased.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an external clutch-type power shift transmission, comprising: Box; An input and forward shaft assembly, wherein the input shaft is supported on the housing by bearings, and a forward clutch assembly located outside the housing is provided on the input shaft; The reverse shaft component has a reverse gear shaft supported on the housing by a bearing, and a reverse clutch assembly located outside the housing is provided on the reverse gear shaft; An idler shaft assembly, wherein the idler shaft is supported on the housing by bearings, and an idler pinion and an idler gear are fixedly mounted on the idler shaft outside the housing; A first and third gear shaft assembly, wherein the first and third gear shafts are supported on the housing by bearings, and a first gear clutch assembly and a third gear clutch assembly are provided on the first and third gear shafts located outside the housing. The second and fourth gear shaft components are supported on the housing by bearings, and the second and fourth gear shafts are provided with a second gear clutch assembly and a fourth gear clutch assembly located outside the housing. The output shaft component has its output shaft supported by bearings on the housing, and the output shaft is provided with first and third gear driven gears and second and fourth gear driven gears located inside the housing.

[0006] In some embodiments, the input and forward shaft assembly further includes an input gear and a forward clutch gear. The input gear is fixed to the input shaft by a spline and located inside the housing. The forward clutch gear is supported on the input shaft by a bearing and is disposed between the housing and the forward clutch assembly.

[0007] In some embodiments, the reverse shaft assembly further includes a reverse gear and a reverse clutch gear. The reverse gear is fixed to the reverse gear shaft by a spline and located inside the housing. The reverse clutch gear is supported on the reverse gear shaft by a bearing and is disposed between the housing and the reverse clutch assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the idler pinion and the idler gear are respectively fixed to the idler shaft by splines and are disposed on both sides of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first and third gear shaft assembly further includes a first and third gear drive gear, a first gear clutch gear, and a third gear clutch gear. The first and third gear drive gears are fixed to the first and third gear shaft by splines and located inside the housing. The first gear clutch gear and the third gear clutch gear are respectively supported on the first and third gear shaft by bearings and are disposed on both sides of the housing. The first gear clutch gear is disposed between the housing and the first gear clutch assembly, and the third gear clutch gear is disposed between the housing and the third gear clutch assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second and fourth gear shaft assembly further includes a second and fourth gear drive gear, a second gear clutch gear, and a fourth gear clutch gear. The second and fourth gear drive gears are fixed to the second and fourth gear shaft by splines and located inside the housing. The second gear clutch gear and the fourth gear clutch gear are respectively supported on the second and fourth gear shaft by bearings and are disposed on both sides of the housing. The second gear clutch gear is disposed between the housing and the second gear clutch assembly, and the fourth gear clutch gear is disposed between the housing and the fourth gear clutch assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first and third gear driven gears and the second and fourth gear driven gears are respectively fixed to the output shaft by splines and are spaced apart inside the housing.

[0012] In some embodiments, the input gear of the input and forward shaft component meshes with the reverse gear of the reverse shaft component; the idler gear meshes with the forward clutch gear of the input and forward shaft component, the reverse clutch gear of the reverse shaft component, the third gear clutch gear of the first and third gear shaft component, and the fourth gear clutch gear of the second and fourth gear shaft component; the idler pinion meshes with the first gear clutch gear of the first and third gear shaft component and the second gear clutch gear of the second and fourth gear shaft component; the first and third gear drive gears of the first and third gear shaft component mesh with the first and third gear driven gears; and the second and fourth gear drive gears of the second and fourth gear shaft component mesh with the second and fourth gear driven gears.

[0013] In some embodiments, the forward clutch assembly, the reverse clutch assembly, the first gear clutch assembly, the second gear clutch assembly, the third gear clutch assembly, and the fourth gear clutch assembly are all wet multi-plate friction clutches. The housing is provided with a first cover and a second cover on both sides, which are used to protect the clutch assembly on the corresponding side.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a vehicle comprising an external clutch-type power shift transmission as described in any one of the foregoing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the external clutch-type power shift transmission and vehicle provided by the present invention have the following advantages: This invention fundamentally changes the layout of traditional power shift transmissions by arranging all the forward, reverse, first, second, third, and fourth gear clutch assemblies outside the gearbox housing. This allows all clutches to be directly disassembled and maintained on the vehicle, eliminating the need for cumbersome vehicle disassembly, transmission hoisting, or gearbox housing dismantling. This significantly reduces maintenance time and equipment downtime and labor costs. Furthermore, by avoiding the disassembly and assembly of the complex gear transmission system inside the gearbox within a confined space, it effectively reduces the risk of secondary component damage during maintenance, improving the overall reliability and lifespan of the transmission. While ensuring complete power transmission functionality for four forward and four reverse gears, this structure greatly enhances the maintainability and economy of transmissions used in fields such as construction machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The optional embodiments of the present invention will be described below in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages, and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optional embodiment of the power shift transmission with an external clutch.

[0018] Explanation of icon numbers: Housing 1, first cover 11, second cover 12, input and forward shaft assembly 2, input shaft 21, forward clutch assembly 22, input gear 23, forward clutch gear 24, reverse shaft assembly 3, reverse shaft 31, reverse clutch assembly 32, reverse gear 33, reverse clutch gear 34, idler shaft assembly 4, idler shaft 41, idler pinion 42, idler gear 43, first and third gear shaft assembly 5, first and third gear shaft 51, first gear clutch assembly 52, third gear clutch assembly 53, first and third gear drive gears 54, first gear clutch gear 55, third gear clutch gear 56, second and fourth gear shaft assembly 6, second and fourth gear shaft 61, second gear clutch assembly 62, fourth gear clutch assembly 63, second and fourth gear drive gears 64, second gear clutch gear 65, fourth gear clutch gear 66, output shaft assembly 7, output shaft 71, first and third gear driven gears 72, second and fourth gear driven gears 73. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] To keep the drawings concise, each figure only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention, and these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, to facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one."

[0021] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0022] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In one embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The present invention provides an external clutch-type power shift transmission, comprising: a housing 1, an input and forward shaft assembly 2, a reverse shaft assembly 3, an idler shaft assembly 4, a first and third gear shaft assembly 5, a second and fourth gear shaft assembly 6, and an output shaft assembly 7. The input shaft 21 of the input and forward shaft assembly 2 is supported on the housing 1 by bearings, and a forward clutch assembly 22 located outside the housing 1 is disposed on the input shaft 21; the reverse shaft 31 of the reverse shaft assembly 3 is supported on the housing 1 by bearings, and a reverse clutch assembly 32 located outside the housing 1 is disposed on the reverse shaft 31; the idler shaft 41 of the idler shaft assembly 4 is supported on the housing 1 by bearings, and an idler pinion 42 and an idler gear 43 located outside the housing 1 are fixedly disposed on the idler shaft 41; the first and third gear shafts of the first and third gear shaft assembly 5... 51 is supported by bearings on housing 1. The first and third gear shaft 51 is provided with a first gear clutch assembly 52 and a third gear clutch assembly 53 located outside housing 1. The second and fourth gear shaft assembly 61 is supported by bearings on housing 1. The second and fourth gear shaft 61 is provided with a second gear clutch assembly 62 and a fourth gear clutch assembly 63 located outside housing 1. The output shaft 71 of the output shaft assembly 7 is supported by bearings on housing 1. The output shaft 71 is provided with a first and third gear driven gear 72 and a second and fourth gear driven gear 73 located inside housing 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, by arranging all the forward, reverse, first, second, third, and fourth gear clutch assemblies outside the housing 1, the layout of the traditional power shift transmission is fundamentally changed. This allows all clutches to be directly disassembled and maintained on the vehicle without the need for cumbersome vehicle disassembly, transmission hoisting, or housing disassembly, thus significantly shortening maintenance time and reducing equipment downtime and labor maintenance costs. Simultaneously, by avoiding the disassembly and assembly of the complex gear transmission system inside the housing in a confined space, the risk of secondary component damage during maintenance is effectively reduced, improving the overall reliability and service life of the transmission. While ensuring complete power transmission functionality for four forward and four reverse gears, this structure greatly enhances the maintainability and economy of transmissions used in fields such as construction machinery.

[0026] In one embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The input and forward shaft assembly 2 also includes an input gear 23 and a forward clutch gear 24. The input gear 23 is fixed to the input shaft 21 by a spline and is located inside the housing 1. The forward clutch gear 24 is supported on the input shaft 21 by a bearing and is disposed between the housing 1 and the forward clutch assembly 22.

[0027] The reverse shaft assembly 3 also includes a reverse gear 33 and a reverse clutch gear 34. The reverse gear 33 is fixed to the reverse gear shaft 31 by a spline and is located inside the housing 1. The reverse clutch gear 34 is supported on the reverse gear shaft 31 by a bearing and is disposed between the housing 1 and the reverse clutch assembly 32.

[0028] The small idler gear 42 and the large idler gear 43 are fixed to the idler shaft 41 by splines and are located on both sides of the housing 1.

[0029] The first and third gear shaft assembly 5 also includes a first and third gear drive gear 54, a first gear clutch gear 55, and a third gear clutch gear 56. The first and third gear drive gear 54 is fixed to the first and third gear shaft 51 by splines and is located inside the housing 1. The first gear clutch gear 55 and the third gear clutch gear 56 are respectively supported on the first and third gear shaft 51 by bearings and are arranged on both sides of the housing 1. The first gear clutch gear 55 is arranged between the housing 1 and the first gear clutch assembly 52, and the third gear clutch gear 56 is arranged between the housing 1 and the third gear clutch assembly 53.

[0030] The second and fourth gear shaft assembly 6 also includes a second and fourth gear drive gear 64, a second gear clutch gear 65, and a fourth gear clutch gear 66. The second and fourth gear drive gear 64 is fixed to the second and fourth gear shaft 61 by splines and is located inside the housing 1. The second gear clutch gear 65 and the fourth gear clutch gear 66 are respectively supported on the second and fourth gear shaft 61 by bearings and are arranged on both sides of the housing 1. The second gear clutch gear 65 is arranged between the housing 1 and the second gear clutch assembly 62, and the fourth gear clutch gear 66 is arranged between the housing 1 and the fourth gear clutch assembly 63.

[0031] The first and third gear driven gears 72 and the second and fourth gear driven gears 73 are respectively fixed to the output shaft 71 by splines and are spaced apart inside the housing 1.

[0032] Input gear 23 meshes with reverse gear 33. Idler gear 43 meshes with forward clutch gear 24, reverse clutch gear 34, third gear clutch gear 56, and fourth gear clutch gear 66 respectively. Idler gear 42 meshes with first gear clutch gear 55 and second gear clutch gear 65 respectively. First and third gear drive gear 54 meshes with first and third gear driven gear 72. Second and fourth gear drive gear 64 meshes with second and fourth gear driven gear 73.

[0033] The forward clutch assembly 22, reverse clutch assembly 32, first gear clutch assembly 52, second gear clutch assembly 62, third gear clutch assembly 53, and fourth gear clutch assembly 63 are all wet multi-plate friction clutches, and the on / off state of the clutches is controlled by a multi-way valve. A first cover 11 and a second cover 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the housing 1. All clutch assemblies are mounted on the outside of the housing 1, and the first and second covers 11 protect the clutch assemblies on the corresponding sides.

[0034] Forward 1st gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the forward clutch assembly 22 and the first gear clutch assembly 52, and the power is input to the input shaft 21 → forward clutch assembly 22 → forward clutch gear 24 → idler gear large gear 43 → idler shaft 41 → idler gear small gear 42 → first gear clutch gear 55 → first gear clutch assembly 52 → first and third gear shaft 51 → first and third gear drive gear 54 → first and third gear driven gear 72 → output shaft 71; Forward 2nd gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the forward clutch assembly 22 and the second gear clutch assembly 62, and the power input is to the input shaft 21 → forward clutch assembly 22 → forward clutch gear 24 → idler gear large gear 43 → idler shaft 41 → idler gear small gear 42 → second gear clutch gear 65 → second gear clutch assembly 62 → second and fourth gear shaft 61 → second and fourth gear drive gear 64 → second and fourth gear driven gear 73 → output shaft 71; Forward 3rd gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the forward clutch assembly 22 and the third gear clutch assembly 53, and the power input is to the input shaft 21 → forward clutch assembly 22 → forward clutch gear 24 → idler gear 43 → third gear clutch gear 56 → third gear clutch assembly 53 → first and third gear shaft 51 → first and third gear drive gear 54 → first and third gear driven gear 72 → output shaft 71; Forward 4th gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the forward clutch assembly 22 and the fourth gear clutch assembly 63, and the power input is to the input shaft 21 → forward clutch assembly 22 → forward clutch gear 24 → idler gear 43 → fourth gear clutch gear 66 → fourth gear clutch assembly 63 → second and fourth gear shaft 61 → second and fourth gear drive gear 64 → second and fourth gear driven gear 73 → output shaft 71. Reverse 1st gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the reverse clutch assembly 32 and the first gear clutch assembly 52, and the power is input to the input shaft 21 → input gear 23 → reverse gear 33 → reverse gear shaft 31 → reverse clutch assembly 32 → reverse clutch gear 34 → idler gear large gear 43 → idler gear shaft 41 → idler gear small gear 42 → first gear clutch gear 55 → first gear clutch assembly 52 → first and third gear shaft 51 → first and third gear drive gear 54 → first and third gear driven gear 72 → output shaft 71; Reverse 2nd gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the reverse clutch assembly 32 and the second gear clutch assembly 62, and the power is input to the input shaft 21 → input gear 23 → reverse gear 33 → reverse gear shaft 31 → reverse clutch assembly 32 → reverse clutch gear 34 → idler gear large gear 43 → idler gear shaft 41 → idler gear small gear 42 → second gear clutch gear 65 → second gear clutch assembly 62 → second and fourth gear shaft 61 → second and fourth gear drive gear 64 → second and fourth gear driven gear 73 → output shaft 71; Reverse 3rd gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the reverse clutch assembly 32 and the third gear clutch assembly 53, and the power input is to the input shaft 21 → input gear 23 → reverse gear 33 → reverse gear shaft 31 → reverse clutch assembly 32 → reverse clutch gear 34 → idler gear 43 → third gear clutch gear 56 → third gear clutch assembly 53 → first and third gear shaft 51 → first and third gear drive gear 54 → first and third gear driven gear 72 → output shaft 71; Reverse 4th gear: The multi-way valve controls the engagement of the reverse clutch assembly 32 and the fourth gear clutch assembly 63, and the power input is to the input shaft 21 → input gear 23 → reverse gear 33 → reverse gear shaft 31 → reverse clutch assembly 32 → reverse clutch gear 34 → idler gear 43 → fourth gear clutch gear 66 → fourth gear clutch assembly 63 → second and fourth gear shaft 61 → second and fourth gear drive gear 64 → second and fourth gear driven gear 73 → output shaft 71.

[0035] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a vehicle comprising an external clutch-type power shift transmission as described in any one of the foregoing.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above are merely optional embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external clutch-type power shift transmission, characterized in that, include: Box; An input and forward shaft assembly, wherein the input shaft is supported on the housing by bearings, and a forward clutch assembly located outside the housing is provided on the input shaft; The reverse shaft component has a reverse gear shaft supported on the housing by a bearing, and a reverse clutch assembly located outside the housing is provided on the reverse gear shaft; An idler shaft assembly, wherein the idler shaft is supported on the housing by bearings, and an idler pinion and an idler gear are fixedly mounted on the idler shaft outside the housing; A first and third gear shaft assembly, wherein the first and third gear shafts are supported on the housing by bearings, and a first gear clutch assembly and a third gear clutch assembly are provided on the first and third gear shafts located outside the housing. The second and fourth gear shaft components are supported on the housing by bearings, and the second and fourth gear shafts are provided with a second gear clutch assembly and a fourth gear clutch assembly located outside the housing. The output shaft component has its output shaft supported by bearings on the housing, and the output shaft is provided with first and third gear driven gears and second and fourth gear driven gears located inside the housing.

2. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input and forward shaft assembly also includes an input gear and a forward clutch gear. The input gear is fixed to the input shaft by a spline and located inside the housing. The forward clutch gear is supported on the input shaft by a bearing and is disposed between the housing and the forward clutch assembly.

3. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse shaft assembly also includes a reverse gear and a reverse clutch gear. The reverse gear is fixed to the reverse gear shaft by a spline and is located inside the housing. The reverse clutch gear is supported on the reverse gear shaft by a bearing and is disposed between the housing and the reverse clutch assembly.

4. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The small idler gear and the large idler gear are respectively fixed to the idler shaft by splines and are located on both sides of the housing.

5. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and third gear shaft assembly further includes a first and third gear drive gear, a first gear clutch gear, and a third gear clutch gear. The first and third gear drive gears are fixed to the first and third gear shaft by splines and located inside the housing. The first gear clutch gear and the third gear clutch gear are respectively supported on the first and third gear shaft by bearings and are disposed on both sides of the housing. The first gear clutch gear is disposed between the housing and the first gear clutch assembly, and the third gear clutch gear is disposed between the housing and the third gear clutch assembly.

6. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second and fourth gear shaft assembly also includes a second and fourth gear drive gear, a second gear clutch gear, and a fourth gear clutch gear. The second and fourth gear drive gears are fixed to the second and fourth gear shaft by splines and located inside the housing. The second gear clutch gear and the fourth gear clutch gear are respectively supported on the second and fourth gear shaft by bearings and are arranged on both sides of the housing. The second gear clutch gear is arranged between the housing and the second gear clutch assembly, and the fourth gear clutch gear is arranged between the housing and the fourth gear clutch assembly.

7. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and third gear driven gears and the second and fourth gear driven gears are respectively fixed to the output shaft by splines and are spaced apart inside the housing.

8. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input gear of the input and forward shaft component meshes with the reverse gear of the reverse shaft component. The idler gear meshes with the forward clutch gear of the input and forward shaft component, the reverse clutch gear of the reverse shaft component, the third gear clutch gear of the first and third gear shaft components, and the fourth gear clutch gear of the second and fourth gear shaft components. The idler pinion meshes with the first gear clutch gear of the first and third gear shaft components and the second gear clutch gear of the second and fourth gear shaft components. The first and third gear drive gears of the first and third gear shaft components mesh with the first and third gear driven gears. The second and fourth gear drive gears of the second and fourth gear shaft components mesh with the second and fourth gear driven gears.

9. The power shift transmission with an external clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forward clutch assembly, the reverse clutch assembly, the first gear clutch assembly, the second gear clutch assembly, the third gear clutch assembly, and the fourth gear clutch assembly are all wet multi-plate friction clutches. The housing is provided with a first cover and a second cover on both sides, which are used to protect the clutch assembly on the corresponding side.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The power shift transmission with an external clutch as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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