Brain wave-based learning ability analysis system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a learning ability analysis system and method based on brain waves, and the method comprises the steps: S1, collecting five basic waves of brain wave frequency through a brain wave collection module, and S2, carrying out the wave band subdivision of an alpha wave, a beta wave and a gamma wave collected by the brain wave collection module through a frequency band subdivision module; s3, data visualization conversion is carried out on the brain wave maps of the theta wave and the delta wave collected in the step S1 and the brain wave maps of the low alpha wave, the high alpha wave, the low beta wave, the high beta wave, the low gamma wave and the high gamma wave obtained after wave band subdivision in the step S2, and the brain wave maps are converted into images with the brain wave energy of all frequency bands changing along with time intensity; s4, performing electroencephalogram analysis and scoring; through the image information, calculating the image information when the tested student answers a single question, and obtaining a single question brain wave proportion score; s5, carrying out transverse comparison calibration; the method has the advantages that more comprehensive learning ability evaluation can be provided through multi-band correlation analysis, and the user is helped to better know the learning ability condition of the user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of educational robot technology, and in particular to a learning ability analysis system and method based on electroencephalograms for use in educational robots. Background Technology

[0002] Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method for recording and measuring electrical activity in the brain, and it has been extensively researched and explored. In the field of education, researchers hope to understand learners' cognitive load, attention levels, and emotional states during the learning process by monitoring their EEG activity, in order to improve teaching methods and enhance learning outcomes.

[0003] Current EEG analysis analyzes five basic wave bands at different frequencies: alpha (alpha) waves, beta (beta) waves, theta (theta) waves, delta (delta) waves, and gamma (gamma) waves. The combination of these waves forms a person's internal and external behavior and learning performance.

[0004] Delta waves, with a frequency range of 0.1 to 4 Hz, are needed for restoring physical strength during sleep and are the source of intuition and sixth sense. Studies have shown that sleep plays an important role in learning and memory. Sleep can help consolidate memories and enhance learning outcomes (i.e., thinking and memory abilities). Abnormal delta wave activity is observed in the brainwaves of some patients with mental disorders, which is associated with a decline in their concentration, memory, and learning abilities.

[0005] Theta waves, with a frequency range of 4-8 Hz, are associated with memory, perception, and emotions, influencing attitudes, expectations, beliefs, and behavior. They are a source of creativity and inspiration, typically occurring in states of relaxation, meditation, and deep learning. When the brain produces more theta waves, it indicates that the individual is in a state of deep learning and thinking. In this state, people have a stronger ability to absorb and understand new knowledge, and memory (i.e., memory capacity) and creativity (i.e., creative ability) are more easily stimulated. Children's theta wave activity can predict their reading ability.

[0006] Beta waves, with a frequency range of 12–32 Hz, are the source of intelligence and are required for logical thinking, calculation, and reasoning. Beta waves appear in tasks requiring concentration (focus), analysis (thinking), and information processing (creativity) during learning. Increased beta waves in learning tasks are generally considered an indicator of high concentration. When individuals are engaged in learning tasks requiring high concentration, the brain produces more beta wave activity, which helps facilitate information processing and learning.

[0007] Alpha waves, with a frequency range of 8–13 Hz, are the primary source of imagination. They typically occur during relaxation, rest, or quiet meditation with eyes closed, and during intense cognitive tasks such as focused concentration, thinking, and learning. Alpha wave activity in the brain is closely related to cognitive processes such as concentration, working memory (i.e., memory capacity), information processing speed (i.e., thinking ability), and learning ability. It is considered an indicator of concentration.

[0008] Gamma waves (Gamma waves) are the highest-frequency brain waves found in the cerebral cortex, typically ranging from 30 to 70 Hz. Gamma waves are associated with higher cognitive functions such as focus, awareness, learning, memory, and language comprehension. Generally, activity of gamma waves in the cerebral cortex indicates that the brain is engaged in higher cognitive processing or is in a state of heightened concentration.

[0009] However, current EEG technology has not been widely used in educational settings, mainly because of limitations in understanding learners' cognitive load, attention levels, and emotional states. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a learning ability analysis system and method based on electroencephalograms (EEGs). By analyzing eight sub-frequency waves, combining horizontal and vertical comparative analysis and data visualization analysis, it can accurately monitor and analyze individual students, and solve problems such as cognitive load, concentration level and emotional state of individual students, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0011] This invention provides a learning ability analysis method based on electroencephalograms (EEGs), which specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Use the brainwave acquisition module to acquire the five basic brainwave frequencies, namely alpha wave, beta wave, theta wave, delta wave, and gamma wave. Step S2: Use the frequency band subdivision module to subdivide the alpha, beta, and gamma waves acquired by the brainwave acquisition module into frequency bands; Step S21: Divide the alpha wave into low alpha wave and high alpha wave, wherein the frequency of low alpha wave is between 8-10 Hz and the frequency of high alpha wave is between 10-13 Hz; Step S22: Divide the β wave into low β wave and high β wave, wherein the frequency of low β wave is between 12-20Hz and the frequency of high β wave is between 20-32Hz; Step S23: Divide the γ wave into low γ wave and high γ wave, wherein the frequency of low γ wave is between 30-46 Hz and the frequency of high γ wave is between 46-70 Hz; Step S3: Perform data visualization conversion on the theta and delta wave brainwave images acquired in Step S1, and the brainwave images of low alpha, high alpha, low beta, high beta, low gamma, and high gamma waves after segmentation in Step S2. Specifically, the brainwave images are converted into images showing the changes in the intensity of brainwave energy in each frequency band over time. The horizontal axis of this image represents time (in seconds), and the vertical axis represents the percentage of energy intensity relative to the total brainwave energy intensity; that is, the sum of the percentages of all brainwave energy in the same time period is 100%.

[0012] Step S4: EEG analysis score; by monitoring the image information (EEG signal) in step S3, the image information of the individual student answering a single question is calculated and the brainwave percentage score for that single question is obtained; the specific ability score reflects the performance and level of the test subject in six abilities.

[0013] Among them, the percentage of brainwaves for a single question = (average answer value of a single brainwave within a single question time ÷ average value of eight brainwaves within the current single question time) * 100%, where the eight brainwaves are low alpha waves, high alpha waves, low beta waves, high beta waves, low gamma waves, high gamma waves, theta waves, and delta waves. Step S5: Perform lateral comparison calibration; Step S51: Use alpha and beta waves to calibrate focus. Since focus is mainly measured based on the ratio of alpha and beta waves, the brain produces more alpha waves in a relaxed state and more beta waves in a focused state. Focus and relaxation are calibrated by using alpha and beta waves. The higher the focus ratio, the higher the focus. Step S52: Calibrate the degree of relaxation using theta waves and alpha waves. Since the degree of relaxation is mainly measured based on the ratio of theta waves to alpha waves, the brain produces more theta waves in a relaxed state and fewer theta waves in a focused state. The higher the relaxation ratio, the higher the degree of relaxation.

[0014] Another objective of this invention is to provide a learning ability analysis system based on electroencephalograms (EEGs), comprising: an EEG acquisition module, a detection frequency band module, a data visualization and conversion module, an EEG analysis and scoring module, and a lateral comparison and calibration module. The brainwave acquisition module is used to acquire five fundamental brainwave frequencies, namely alpha wave, beta wave, theta wave, delta wave, and gamma wave. The detection frequency band module is used to subdivide the alpha, beta, and gamma waves acquired by the brainwave acquisition module into bands; wherein, the alpha waves are divided into low alpha waves and high alpha waves, with low alpha wave frequencies between 8-10 Hz and high alpha wave frequencies between 10-13 Hz; the beta waves are divided into low beta waves and high beta waves, with low beta wave frequencies between 12-20 Hz and high beta wave frequencies between 20-32 Hz; the gamma waves are divided into low gamma waves and high gamma waves, with low gamma wave frequencies between 30-46 Hz and high gamma wave frequencies between 46-70 Hz; The data visualization conversion module is used to perform data visualization conversion on the frequency bands detected by the brainwave map. Specifically, the brainwave map is converted into an image showing the change in the intensity of brainwave energy in each frequency band over time. The horizontal axis of this image represents time (in seconds), and the vertical axis represents the percentage of energy intensity relative to the total brainwave energy intensity. That is, the sum of the percentages of all brainwave energy in the same time period is 100%.

[0015] The EEG analysis scoring module is used to calculate the brainwave percentage score for each individual student's answer to a single question based on the image information (EEG signals) output by the data visualization conversion module. The specific ability score reflects the student's performance and level in six abilities. Specifically, the brainwave percentage for a single question is calculated as follows: (Average answer value for a single brainwave within a single question time ÷ Average value of eight brainwaves within the current single question time) * 100%. The eight brainwaves are low alpha waves, high alpha waves, low beta waves, high beta waves, low gamma waves, high gamma waves, theta waves, and delta waves. The lateral comparison calibration module is used to calibrate focus using alpha and beta waves, and to calibrate focus and relaxation using theta and alpha waves. Since focus measurement is primarily based on the ratio of alpha to beta waves, the brain produces more alpha waves in a relaxed state and more beta waves in a focused state. A higher focus ratio indicates higher focus. Similarly, since relaxation measurement is primarily based on the ratio of theta to alpha waves, the brain produces more theta waves in a relaxed state and fewer theta waves in a focused state. A higher relaxation ratio indicates higher relaxation.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are: 1. This invention subdivides the existing five brainwave frequencies into eight frequencies and uses data visualization to convert the brainwave energy of each frequency band into images showing the intensity changes over time. The image information is then converted into intuitive individual brainwave percentage scores through EEG analysis scoring. Finally, horizontal and vertical comparison analysis is added for verification, making the final output measurement more accurate and helping users better understand their own brainwave activity characteristics and changes.

[0017] 2. This invention not only considers the case of a single wave, but also focuses on the interrelationships and mutual responses between different wavebands. Such multi-band correlation analysis can provide a more comprehensive assessment of learning ability, helping users better understand their own learning ability status.

[0018] 3. This invention improves data accuracy by using longitudinal analysis of individual brainwave proportions, and also adds lateral comparison calibration of focus and relaxation levels. This calibration enhances the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0019] 4. This invention comprehensively assesses a user's brainwave activity by considering multiple wavebands and indicators. This comprehensive assessment helps users better understand their brainwave activity characteristics, learning ability level, concentration, and relaxation level. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth for illustrative purposes and to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it will be apparent that these embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form for ease of description of one or more embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 The EEG ability analysis experiment provided in this embodiment is as follows: I. Classify low alpha waves, high alpha waves, low beta waves, high beta waves, low gamma waves, high gamma waves, theta waves, and delta waves by ability and score; 2. Using the brainwave acquisition module, eight brainwave data points were collected from a student answering a question. Among them, the delta wave was between [60-70], the theta wave was between [20-30], the low alpha wave was between [2-5], the high alpha wave was between [4-10], the low beta wave was between [10-100], the high beta wave was between [0-1], the low gamma wave was between [5-10], and the high gamma wave was between [2-4].

[0022] 3. Determine the interval corresponding to each wave value and record the corresponding score. Among them, the δ wave is 3 points, the θ wave is 4 points, the low α wave is 3 points, the high α wave is 4 points, the low β wave is 5 points, the high β wave is 0 points, the low γ wave is 5 points, and the high γ wave is 4 points. IV. Each brainwave corresponds to a different ability, and each ability has a different weight. The score is calculated as follows: Delta wave: Thinking ability = 4 × 30% = 1.2 points; Memory ability = 4 × 70% = 2.8 points; Theta waves: Memory ability 4 × 40% = 1.6 points; Creativity ability 4 × 60% = 2.4 points; Low alpha waves: Observational ability 3 × 30% = 0.9 points; Imagination ability 3 × 70% = 2.1 points; High alpha waves: Creativity 4 × 60% = 2.4 points; Imagination 4 × 20% = 0.8 points; Concentration 4 × 20% = 0.8 points; Low beta waves: Focus ability 5 x 80% = 4 points; Observation ability 5 x 20% = 1 point; High beta waves: Focus ability 4 × 30% = 1.2 points; Thinking ability 4 × 60% = 2.4 points; Creativity ability 4 × 10% = 0.4 points; Low gamma waves: Observational ability 5 × 80% = 4 points; Memory ability 5 × 20% = 1 point; High gamma waves: Thinking ability 4×50%=2 points, Imagination ability 4×50%=2 points; V. Ability Score: Concentration ability = 0.8 + 4 + 1.2 = 6 points; Observational ability = 0.9 + 1 + 4 = 5.9 points; Thinking ability = 1.2 + 2.4 + 2 = 5.6 points; Imagination ability = 2.1 + 0.8 + 2 = 4.9 points; Memory ability = 2.8 + 1.6 + 1 = 5.4 points; Creativity = 2.4 + 2.4 + 0.4 = 5.2 points; Among them, the full marks for abilities are: Concentration 6.5 points, Observation 6.5 points, Thinking 7 points, Imagination 7 points, Memory 6.5 points, and Creativity 6.5 points. VI. Taking a total of thirty questions as an example, with a full score of 180 points and each question worth 6 points, the EEG score for the above single question = 0.92 + 0.91 + 0.80 + 0.70 + 0.83 + 0.80 = 4.96 points; 7. Repeat steps one through six above to complete the total score calculation for all thirty questions.

[0023] Example 2 To ensure the accuracy of EEG data, in addition to longitudinal analysis using the proportion of individual brain waves, we also added lateral comparison calibration of focus and relaxation. 1. Focus and relaxation; Attention level is primarily measured based on the ratio of alpha waves to beta waves. In a relaxed state, the brain produces more alpha waves, while in a focused state, the brain produces more beta waves. A higher attention ratio indicates higher attention level. Relaxation level is primarily measured based on the ratio of beta waves to alpha waves. In a relaxed state, the brain produces more beta waves, while in a focused state, the brain produces fewer beta waves. A higher relaxation ratio indicates higher relaxation level.

[0024] II. Classifying the levels of focus; A score of 0-20 indicates a low level of focus, suggesting difficulty concentrating on tasks. A score of 20-40 indicates a relatively low level of focus, suggesting easy distraction or susceptibility to external interference. A score of 40-60 represents the baseline, indicating a normal level of focus and the ability to maintain concentration for extended periods. A score of 60-80 indicates a relatively high level of focus and the ability to maintain focus for longer periods. A score of 80-100 indicates a very high level of focus and the ability to complete high-quality tasks in a very short time.

[0025] Third, classify the levels of relaxation; A value of 0-20 indicates a very low level of relaxation, suggesting a state of tension and discomfort. A value of 20-40 indicates a relatively low level of relaxation, suggesting a lack of relaxation and comfort. A value of 40-60 represents the baseline, indicating a normal level of relaxation, suggesting a relatively stable and comfortable state. A value of 60-80 indicates a relatively high level of relaxation, suggesting a strong sense of comfort and relaxation. A value of 80-100 indicates a very high level of relaxation, suggesting a very relaxed and comfortable state.

[0026] IV. Instructions for using a combination of focus and relaxation techniques; 1. When users are focused on a task that is challenging and stressful but emotionally stable, such as taking exams, studying, or developing software, their relaxation level will typically be low while their focus level will be high. This is because in this situation, the brain needs to concentrate intensely and perform complex cognitive tasks, thus generating more high-beta wave activity, thereby increasing focus. Simultaneously, due to the difficulty and stress of the task, the user is in a state of tension, resulting in a lower relaxation level. However, because the emotions are relatively stable, the relaxation level will not drop to an extremely low level. Therefore, in this situation, high focus and slightly lower relaxation is a normal EEG pattern.

[0027] 2. When users are engaged in a procedural or unchallenging activity, their focus level typically remains within the normal or lower range, while their relaxation level remains within the normal or higher range. This is because the brain does not need to perform complex cognitive tasks in this situation, thus generating less high-beta wave activity, resulting in relatively low focus. Simultaneously, because the task is relatively simple, users are not in a state of tension, leading to a higher relaxation level. However, since it is not complete relaxation, the relaxation level will not drop to an extremely high level. Therefore, in this situation, relatively low focus and high relaxation are normal EEG activity patterns.

[0028] 3. When both focus and relaxation levels are low, it indicates that the user is in a state of fatigue and poor mental state. In this situation, the brain's electroencephalogram (EEG) activity is more complex, potentially exhibiting multiple frequencies. Generally, the brain may show the following EEG activity patterns: Less variation in alpha wave activity: Due to fatigue and poor mental state, alpha wave activity may be less pronounced or show less fluctuation. Less beta wave activity: Due to fatigue and poor mental state, beta wave activity is low, thus affecting focus. Increased theta wave activity: Due to fatigue and poor mental state, theta wave activity may increase, indicating the brain is entering a relaxation state. Increased delta wave activity: Due to fatigue and poor mental state, delta wave activity may increase, indicating the brain is entering a deep relaxation state, and drowsiness may even occur.

[0029] Example 3 This embodiment provides a learning ability analysis system based on electroencephalogram (EEG), including: an EEG acquisition module, a detection frequency band module, a data visualization and conversion module, an EEG analysis and scoring module, and a lateral comparison and calibration module; The brainwave acquisition module is used to acquire five fundamental brainwave frequencies, namely alpha wave, beta wave, theta wave, delta wave, and gamma wave. The detection frequency band module is used to subdivide the alpha, beta, and gamma waves acquired by the brainwave acquisition module into bands; wherein, the alpha waves are divided into low alpha waves and high alpha waves, with low alpha wave frequencies between 8-10 Hz and high alpha wave frequencies between 10-13 Hz; the beta waves are divided into low beta waves and high beta waves, with low beta wave frequencies between 12-20 Hz and high beta wave frequencies between 20-32 Hz; the gamma waves are divided into low gamma waves and high gamma waves, with low gamma wave frequencies between 30-46 Hz and high gamma wave frequencies between 46-70 Hz; The data visualization conversion module is used to perform data visualization conversion on the frequency bands detected by the brainwave map. Specifically, the brainwave map is converted into an image showing the change in the intensity of brainwave energy in each frequency band over time. The horizontal axis of this image represents time (in seconds), and the vertical axis represents the percentage of energy intensity relative to the total brainwave energy intensity. That is, the sum of the percentages of all brainwave energy in the same time period is 100%.

[0030] The EEG analysis scoring module is used to calculate the brainwave percentage score for each individual student's answer to a single question based on the image information (EEG signals) output by the data visualization conversion module. The specific ability score reflects the student's performance and level in six abilities. Specifically, the brainwave percentage for a single question is calculated as follows: (Average answer value for a single brainwave within a single question time ÷ Average value of eight brainwaves within the current single question time) * 100%. The eight brainwaves are low alpha waves, high alpha waves, low beta waves, high beta waves, low gamma waves, high gamma waves, theta waves, and delta waves. The lateral comparison calibration module is used to calibrate focus and relaxation levels using alpha and beta waves. Since focus is primarily measured based on the ratio of alpha to beta waves, the brain produces more alpha waves in a relaxed state and more beta waves in a focused state. By calibrating focus and relaxation levels using alpha and beta waves, a higher focus ratio indicates higher focus, and vice versa.

[0031] This is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A learning ability analysis method based on electroencephalograms (EEGs), characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Use the brainwave acquisition module to acquire the five basic brainwave frequencies, namely alpha wave, beta wave, theta wave, delta wave, and gamma wave. Step S2: Use the frequency band subdivision module to subdivide the alpha, beta, and gamma waves acquired by the brainwave acquisition module into frequency bands; Step S21: Divide the alpha wave into low alpha wave and high alpha wave, wherein the frequency of low alpha wave is between 8-10 Hz and the frequency of high alpha wave is between 10-13 Hz; Step S22: Divide the β wave into low β wave and high β wave, wherein the frequency of low β wave is between 12-20Hz and the frequency of high β wave is between 20-32Hz; Step S23: Divide the γ wave into low γ wave and high γ wave, wherein the frequency of low γ wave is between 30-46 Hz and the frequency of high γ wave is between 46-70 Hz; Step S3: Perform data visualization conversion on the theta and delta wave brainwave images collected in step S1, as well as the brainwave images of low alpha, high alpha, low beta, high beta, low gamma, and high gamma waves after the band subdivision in step S2. Specifically, the brainwave images are converted into images showing the changes in the intensity of brainwave energy in each frequency band over time. Step S4: EEG analysis score; By monitoring the image information in step S3, the image information of the individual student answering a single question is calculated and the percentage score of brainwaves for that single question is obtained. Among them, the percentage of brainwaves for a single question = (average answer value of a single brainwave within a single question time ÷ average value of eight brainwaves within the current single question time) * 100%, where the eight brainwaves are low alpha waves, high alpha waves, low beta waves, high beta waves, low gamma waves, high gamma waves, theta waves, and delta waves. Step S5: Perform lateral comparison calibration; Step S51: Use alpha and beta waves to calibrate focus. Since focus is mainly measured based on the ratio of alpha and beta waves, the brain produces more alpha waves in a relaxed state and more beta waves in a focused state. Focus and relaxation are calibrated by using alpha and beta waves. The higher the focus ratio, the higher the focus. Step S52: Calibrate the degree of relaxation using theta waves and alpha waves. Since the degree of relaxation is mainly measured based on the ratio of theta waves to alpha waves, the brain produces more theta waves in a relaxed state and fewer theta waves in a focused state. The higher the relaxation ratio, the higher the degree of relaxation.

2. A learning ability analysis system based on electroencephalograms (EEGs), characterized in that, include: Brainwave acquisition module, detection frequency band module, data visualization and conversion module, EEG analysis and scoring module, and lateral comparison and calibration module; The brainwave acquisition module is used to acquire five fundamental brainwave frequencies, namely alpha wave, beta wave, theta wave, delta wave, and gamma wave. The detection frequency band module is used to subdivide the alpha, beta, and gamma waves acquired by the brainwave acquisition module into bands; wherein, the alpha waves are divided into low alpha waves and high alpha waves, with low alpha wave frequencies between 8-10 Hz and high alpha wave frequencies between 10-13 Hz; the beta waves are divided into low beta waves and high beta waves, with low beta wave frequencies between 12-20 Hz and high beta wave frequencies between 20-32 Hz; the gamma waves are divided into low gamma waves and high gamma waves, with low gamma wave frequencies between 30-46 Hz and high gamma wave frequencies between 46-70 Hz; The data visualization conversion module is used to perform data visualization conversion on the frequency bands detected by the brainwave map, wherein the brainwave map is converted into an image showing the change in the intensity of brainwave energy in each frequency band over time. The EEG analysis scoring module is used to calculate the image information of the individual student's answer to a single question based on the image information output by the data visualization conversion module, and to obtain the single question brainwave percentage score; single question brainwave percentage = (average answer value of a single brainwave within a single question time ÷ average value of eight brainwaves within the current single question time) * 100%, where the eight brainwaves are low alpha wave, high alpha wave, low beta wave, high beta wave, low gamma wave, high gamma wave, theta wave, and delta wave; The lateral comparison calibration module is used to calibrate focus using alpha and beta waves, and to calibrate focus and relaxation using theta and alpha waves. Since focus measurement is primarily based on the ratio of alpha to beta waves, the brain produces more alpha waves in a relaxed state and more beta waves in a focused state. A higher focus ratio indicates higher focus. Similarly, since relaxation measurement is primarily based on the ratio of theta to alpha waves, the brain produces more theta waves in a relaxed state and fewer theta waves in a focused state. A higher relaxation ratio indicates higher relaxation.