Winding structure and electric machine employing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a winding structure and a motor adopting the winding structure. The winding structure comprises a plurality of first coils, the plurality of first coils are arranged around an axis of the winding structure, so that the plurality of first coils form at least part of the winding structure; each first coil comprises a plurality of first conductors and a plurality of second conductors. Each first conductor is made of a first material, the first material has electrical conductivity; each second conductor is made of a second material, the second material has magnetic conductivity and electrical conductivity, and the electrical conductivity of the second material is smaller than that of the first material. The plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors are arranged in a preset mode, so that the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors form a first effective part, a second effective part and an end part of the first coil, and the first effective part and the second effective part are arranged in parallel. Through the above arrangement, the magnetic resistance of the winding structure can be reduced, the magnetic resistance of the whole magnetic circuit can be reduced, and the strength of the air gap magnetic field can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to a winding structure and a motor using the winding structure. Background Technology

[0002] An electric motor typically consists of windings, a stator, and a rotor. The rotor provides the excitation magnetic field, and the current flowing through the windings generates the armature magnetic field. The stator guides the magnetic field, reduces the magnetic reluctance in the magnetic circuit, and increases the strength of the air gap magnetic field. The rotor's excitation magnetic field interacts with the armature magnetic field to generate electromagnetic force, causing the rotor to rotate and thus enabling the motor to function.

[0003] In electric motors, an air gap inevitably exists between the stator and rotor. The magnetic reluctance of the air gap is much greater than that of the stator core, resulting in a lower air gap magnetic field and flux density. In slotless motor structures, due to the lack of stator teeth to guide and concentrate the magnetic flux, the equivalent air gap further increases, leading to a lower air gap magnetic flux density. This results in a lower strength of the air gap magnetic field, weakening the magnetic field that the motor can utilize, thus limiting the output torque capacity and degrading overall performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a winding structure and a motor using the winding structure, which has a high air gap magnetic field strength.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a winding structure, which is substantially circular in shape. The winding structure includes multiple first coils arranged around the axis of the winding structure to form at least a portion of the winding structure. Each first coil includes multiple first conductors and multiple second conductors. Each first conductor is made of a first material that is conductive, and each second conductor is made of a second material that is both magnetically conductive and electrically conductive, with the conductivity of the second material being less than that of the first material. The multiple first conductors and multiple second conductors are arranged in a predetermined manner to form a first effective portion, a second effective portion, and an end portion of the first coil, with the first and second effective portions being substantially parallel.

[0006] In one possible implementation, at least a portion of the plurality of first conductors are arranged radially along the winding structure to form a first conductor group, such that the plurality of first conductors form a plurality of first conductor groups; at least a portion of the plurality of second conductors are arranged radially along the winding structure to form a second conductor group, such that the plurality of second conductors form a plurality of second conductor groups; the plurality of first conductor groups and the plurality of second conductor groups are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure.

[0007] In one possible implementation, multiple first conductor groups and multiple second conductor groups are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the winding structure.

[0008] In one possible implementation, at least a portion of the plurality of second conductors are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure to form a third conductor group, such that the plurality of second conductors form a plurality of third conductor groups; the conductor group formed by the plurality of first conductor groups and the plurality of second conductor groups arranged circumferentially along the winding structure is defined as a circumferential segmented conductor group; the circumferential segmented conductor group and the third conductor group are arranged radially along the winding structure, and the circumferential segmented conductor group is positioned closer to the axis of the winding structure than the third conductor group.

[0009] In one possible implementation, at least a portion of the plurality of first conductors are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure to form a fourth conductor group, such that the plurality of first conductors form a plurality of fourth conductor groups; at least a portion of the plurality of second conductors are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure to form a fifth conductor group, such that the plurality of second conductors form a plurality of fifth conductor groups; the plurality of fourth conductor groups and the plurality of fifth conductor groups are arranged radially along the winding structure.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the plurality of fourth conductor groups are arranged closer to the axis of the winding structure than the plurality of fifth conductor groups.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the arrangement of the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors in the first effective part is different from the arrangement of the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors in the second effective part; each first conductor forms a first bend at its end, and each second conductor forms a second bend at its end, the first bend and the second bend causing the arrangement of each first conductor and each second conductor in the first effective part and the second effective part to be different.

[0012] In one possible implementation, at the end, a first bend causes the first conductors on both sides of it to be positioned differently along the circumferential or radial direction of the winding structure, and a second bend causes the second conductors on both sides of it to be positioned differently along the circumferential or radial direction of the winding structure.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a winding structure comprising a plurality of first coils, a plurality of second coils, and a plurality of third coils. Each second coil is composed of a plurality of first conductors, and each third coil is composed of a plurality of second conductors. The plurality of first coils, second coils, and third coils are arranged around the axis of the winding structure to form the winding structure. Alternatively, the winding structure comprises a plurality of first coils and a plurality of second coils, each second coil being composed of a plurality of first conductors. The plurality of first coils and second coils are arranged around the axis of the winding structure to form the winding structure. Alternatively, the winding structure comprises a plurality of first coils and a plurality of third coils, each third coil being composed of a plurality of second conductors. The plurality of first coils and third coils are arranged around the axis of the winding structure to form the winding structure.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electric motor, which includes a winding structure, a stator, and a rotor. The rotor includes a shaft and a permanent magnet. The stator is at least partially disposed around the winding structure. The shaft is disposed around the winding structure, and the permanent magnet is fixed to the shaft and located between the shaft and the winding structure.

[0015] In the above winding structure, the first coil includes a first conductor and a second conductor. The first conductor provides a conductive path, which helps to reduce the current loss of the first coil. The second conductor provides a magnetic path to guide and concentrate the magnetic lines of force generated by the first coil and rotor excitation, thereby reducing the equivalent air gap and the air gap magnetic reluctance. This, in turn, helps to improve the air gap magnetic flux density and the strength of the air gap magnetic field, thus improving the performance of the motor using this winding structure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the winding structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first coil of the winding structure provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 Examples of this application Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a first arrangement of the first and second conductors of the winding structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement of the first and second conductors of the winding structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a third arrangement of the first and second conductors of the winding structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the winding structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 Examples of this application Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first conductor and the second conductor at the ends of the winding structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the stator and the fourth coil provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. "A plurality" or "several" indicates at least two. Unless otherwise stated, terms such as "front," "back," "left," "right," "lower," and / or "upper" are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0029] The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application specification and appended claims may also include one or more, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application provides a winding structure 100, which is applied in a motor and generates an armature magnetic field when current is applied. Specifically, the winding structure 100 is basically in the shape of a ring and includes a plurality of first coils 11. The plurality of first coils 11 are arranged around the axis of the winding structure 100 such that the plurality of first coils 11 form at least a portion of the winding structure 100. That is, the winding structure 100 can be composed of only a plurality of first coils 11, or it can be composed of a plurality of first coils 11 and other coils; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0031] In this embodiment, the winding structure 100 is located within the air gap between the stator and rotor of the motor. A larger air gap results in a larger air gap reluctance, leading to a lower air gap magnetic flux density and thus reducing the strength of the air gap magnetic field. To improve the air gap magnetic flux density and thus the strength of the air gap magnetic field, each first coil 11 in this application includes a plurality of first conductors 111 and a plurality of second conductors 112. The first conductors 111 and the second conductors 112 have different electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability, thereby improving both the air gap magnetic flux density and the strength of the air gap magnetic field while maintaining good conductivity.

[0032] Specifically, each first conductor 111 is made of a first material that is conductive. The first conductor 111 provides a conductive path to reduce current loss in the winding structure 100. In some embodiments, the first material is copper, aluminum, or the like.

[0033] Each second conductor 112 is made of a second material that is both magnetically and electrically conductive. The magnetic permeability of the second conductor 112 provides a magnetic path, which is beneficial for concentrating and guiding magnetic lines of force, and its conductivity assists the first conductor 111 in providing a conductive path. In some embodiments, the second material is iron, nickel, an iron-nickel alloy, or the like.

[0034] It should be noted that both the first material and the second material can have electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability, wherein the electrical conductivity of the first material is better than that of the second material, and the magnetic permeability of the second material is better than that of the first material.

[0035] Understandably, the first material may only be conductive and not magnetic.

[0036] More specifically, a plurality of first conductors 111 and a plurality of second conductors 112 are arranged in a predetermined manner such that the plurality of first conductors 111 and the plurality of second conductors 112 form a first effective portion 113, a second effective portion 114, and an end portion 115 of a first coil 11. The first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 form a straight segment of the winding structure 100, that is, the armature magnetic field generated by the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 is an effective magnetic field, which can drive the rotor in the motor to rotate.

[0037] With the above configuration, the first conductor 111 can provide a conductive path to satisfy the conductivity of the first coil 11, which helps to reduce the current loss of the first coil 11 and improve the efficiency of the motor. The second conductor 112 can provide a magnetic conductive path, reduce the magnetic reluctance of part of the winding structure 100, and thus help to improve the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength, thereby improving the performance of the motor using this winding structure 100. Secondly, the stator in an electric motor is typically used to provide a closed path with low magnetic resistance for the magnetic lines of force. This application, through its winding structure 100, can concentrate and guide the magnetic lines of force to form a closed path with low magnetic resistance, increasing the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength. This allows for a reduction in stator thickness while meeting magnetic field strength requirements, facilitating a larger gap between the stator and rotor. This allows for the installation of a larger winding structure 100 within this gap. The larger winding structure 100 has a larger total conductor area and stronger current-carrying capacity, generating a stronger armature magnetic field and further increasing the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength. Consequently, in a motor of the same size, the winding structure 100 of this application can generate a larger armature magnetic field, improving motor performance. Simultaneously, the outer diameter of the stator can be reduced, thus reducing the overall size and weight of the motor.

[0038] Furthermore, by combining the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 to form the winding structure 100, this application can avoid the excessive resistance of the winding structure 100 caused by the winding structure 100 being composed entirely of the second conductor 112, thereby helping to reduce the resistance of the winding structure 100 and making it easier to apply the winding structure 100 to motors.

[0039] Furthermore, the magnetic permeability of the winding structure 100 can be increased through the magnetic path provided by the second conductor 112, thereby reducing the equivalent electromagnetic air gap of the motor. Since the equivalent electromagnetic air gap is inversely proportional to the inductance, the motor inductance can be increased to improve the impedance to high-frequency harmonic currents, thereby reducing rotor eddy current losses, AC winding losses, and stator core losses caused by high-order harmonics, and further improving motor performance.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, at least a portion of the plurality of first conductors 111 are arranged radially along the winding structure 100 to form a first conductor group 1111, such that the plurality of first conductors 111 form a plurality of first conductor groups 1111. The plurality of first conductor groups 1111 can improve the conductivity of the first coil 11 and further reduce the current loss of the first coil 11.

[0041] At least a portion of the plurality of second conductors 112 are arranged radially along the winding structure 100 to form a second conductor group 1121, such that the plurality of second conductors 112 form a plurality of second conductor groups 1121. The plurality of second conductor groups 1121 can form a plurality of magnetic conductive paths within the first coil 11, which is beneficial for concentrating and guiding magnetic lines of force, reducing the equivalent air gap, and improving the air gap magnetic field strength. Figure 4 The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of magnetic field lines. Figure 4 The magnetic field lines in one of the second conductor groups 1121 are shown only, and the magnetic field lines in the other second conductor groups 1121 are omitted.

[0042] Specifically, multiple first conductor groups 1111 and multiple second conductor groups 1121 are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure 100. When the magnetic lines of force pass radially through the winding structure 100, the first conductor group 1111 and the second conductor group 1121 are connected in parallel. The magnetic reluctance of the second conductor group 1121 is less than that of the first conductor group 1111. The magnetic lines of force are guided by the second conductor group 1121 through the winding structure 100, thereby improving the radial magnetic permeability of the winding structure 100, reducing the radial magnetic reluctance of the winding structure 100, reducing the equivalent air gap of the motor, and improving the air gap magnetic flux density of the motor.

[0043] It should be noted that the magnetic field line loop that starts from one pole of the rotor, passes radially through the air gap, passes radially through the winding structure 100, and closes circumferentially through the stator, then passes radially through the winding structure 100 again, passes radially through the air gap, and closes at the other pole of the rotor is the effective magnetic field line loop. The rotor can be driven to rotate through this magnetic field line loop, thus realizing the motor performance.

[0044] More specifically, along the circumference of the winding structure 100, a plurality of first conductor groups 1111 and a plurality of second conductor groups 1121 are arranged at intervals to improve the uniformity of magnetic reluctance, thereby improving the uniformity of air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field intensity distribution, reducing the harmonic components of the air gap magnetic field, and reducing motor torque pulsation.

[0045] In this application, along the circumference of the winding structure 100, the number of columns of the first conductor group 1111 and the second conductor group 1121 in the winding structure 100 can be the same or different. Furthermore, the plurality of first conductor groups 1111 and the plurality of second conductor groups 1121 can be arranged at uniform intervals or randomly, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this arrangement.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, in another embodiment, at least a portion of the plurality of second conductors 112 are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure 100 to form a third conductor group 1122, such that the plurality of second conductors 112 form a plurality of third conductor groups 1122, through which a magnetic conductive path can be formed along the circumferential direction of the winding structure 100, so as to facilitate the circumferential distribution of magnetic field lines. Figure 5 The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of the magnetic field lines.

[0047] Specifically, a conductor group formed by arranging multiple first conductor groups 1111 and multiple second conductor groups 1121 circumferentially along the winding structure 100 is defined as a circumferentially segmented conductor group 1110. More specifically, the circumferentially segmented conductor group 1110 and the third conductor group 1122 are arranged radially along the winding structure 100, and the circumferentially segmented conductor group 1110 is positioned closer to the axis of the winding structure 100 than the third conductor group 1122, which allows the third conductor group 1122 to be closer to the stator yoke. This configuration allows the magnetic field lines to be guided and concentrated after passing through the second conductor 112 in the circumferential segmented conductor group 1110, and then guided by the third conductor group 1122 to form a circumferential magnetic field line loop along the winding structure 100. This eliminates the need for the stator to guide the magnetic field lines. Under the premise of meeting the motor's magnetic field strength requirements, the stator thickness can be reduced to decrease the stator's outer diameter, which is beneficial for reducing the motor's weight and volume. With the motor stator's outer diameter remaining unchanged, the stator's inner diameter can be increased, providing more space for the winding structure 100.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, in another embodiment, at least a portion of the plurality of first conductors 111 are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure 100 to form a fourth conductor group 1112, such that the plurality of first conductors 111 form a plurality of fourth conductor groups 1112. The plurality of fourth conductor groups 1112 can improve the conductivity of the first coil 11.

[0049] At least a portion of the plurality of second conductors 112 are arranged circumferentially along the winding structure 100 to form a fifth conductor group 1123, such that the plurality of second conductors 112 form a plurality of fifth conductor groups 1123. The plurality of fifth conductor groups 1123 can form a plurality of magnetic conductive paths in the first coil 11, which is beneficial for concentrating and guiding magnetic lines of force. Figure 6 The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of the magnetic field lines.

[0050] In this embodiment, a plurality of fourth conductor groups 1112 and a plurality of fifth conductor groups 1123 are arranged radially along the winding structure 100. With this arrangement, a magnetic field line loop along the circumference of the winding structure 100 can be formed through the fifth conductor groups 1123.

[0051] In this application, along the radial direction of the winding structure 100, the number of columns of the fourth conductor group 1112 and the fifth conductor group 1123 in the winding structure 100 can be the same or different. The multiple fourth conductor groups 1112 and the multiple fifth conductor groups 1123 can be arranged at uniform intervals or randomly; this application does not impose any restrictions on this arrangement.

[0052] As an alternative implementation, the plurality of fourth conductor groups 1112 are positioned closer to the axis of the winding structure 100 than the plurality of fifth conductor groups 1123. In this case, the plurality of fifth conductor groups 1123 are closer to the stator yoke, which can guide the direction of the magnetic lines of force and assist the stator in constructing a closed loop of magnetic lines of force.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the arrangement of the plurality of first conductors 111 and the plurality of second conductors 112 in the first effective part 113 is different from the arrangement of the plurality of first conductors 111 and the plurality of second conductors 112 in the second effective part 114.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 are located at different radial positions along the winding structure 100. The first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, which are located at different positions, are arranged in different ways, thereby allowing the installation positions of the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114, as well as the arrangement of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 in the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114, to be selected according to requirements.

[0055] In other embodiments, the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 are in the same radial position along the winding structure 100 to meet the requirements of different arrangements of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112, which are in the same position.

[0056] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 9 Each first conductor 111 has a first bend 1113 at its end 115, and each second conductor 112 has a second bend 1124 at its end 115. The first bend 1113 and the second bend 1124 result in different arrangements of each first conductor 111 and each second conductor 112 in the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114. It should be noted that both the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 are made of bendable metal materials. By bending the first conductor 111 with the first bend 1113, the arrangement of the first conductor 111 is changed. By bending the second conductor 112 with the second bend 1124, the arrangement of the second conductor 112 is changed, thereby achieving different arrangements of the first conductor 111 and the second conductor 112 in the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114.

[0057] Specifically, in the end portion 115, the first bend portion 1113 causes the first conductors 111 located on both sides of it to be positioned differently along the circumferential or radial direction of the winding structure 100, and the second bend portion 1124 causes the second conductors 112 located on both sides of it to be positioned differently along the circumferential or radial direction of the winding structure 100, so that the arrangement of the first conductors 111 and the second conductors 112 in the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 is different, and it is beneficial that the first effective portion 113 and the second effective portion 114 can be respectively assembled in different positions along the radial or circumferential direction of the winding structure 100.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the winding structure 100 includes a plurality of first coils 11, a plurality of second coils 12, and a plurality of third coils 13. Each second coil 12 is composed of a plurality of first conductors 111, and each third coil 13 is composed of a plurality of second conductors 112.

[0059] Specifically, multiple first coils 11, multiple second coils 12, and multiple third coils 13 are arranged around the axis of the winding structure 100 to form the winding structure 100. This arrangement allows the second coils 12 to improve the conductivity of the winding structure 100, thereby reducing current loss. The third coils 13 further form magnetic channels within the winding structure 100, which helps reduce some of the magnetic reluctance of the winding structure 100, thus improving the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength.

[0060] More specifically, along the circumference of the winding structure 100, multiple first coils 11, multiple second coils 12, and multiple third coils 13 are arranged at intervals to improve the uniformity of the radial magnetic reluctance distribution of the winding structure 100, thereby improving the uniformity of the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength distribution, further reducing the harmonic components of the air gap magnetic field, and thus reducing the motor torque pulsation.

[0061] In another implementation, a plurality of first coils 11 and a plurality of second coils 12 are arranged around the axis of the winding structure 100 to form the winding structure 100. The conductivity of the winding structure 100 can be improved by using the first conductor 111 and the second coil 12 in the first coils 11, thereby reducing the current loss of the winding structure 100. The magnetic field lines can be concentrated by using the second conductor 112 in the first coils 11, thereby improving the magnetic permeability of the winding structure 100, reducing the magnetic reluctance of the winding structure 100, and increasing the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength.

[0062] In this embodiment, multiple first coils 11 and multiple second coils 12 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the winding structure 100, which helps to improve the uniformity of the radial magnetic reluctance distribution of the winding structure 100, thereby improving the uniformity of the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength distribution.

[0063] In another implementation, a plurality of first coils 11 and a plurality of third coils 13 are arranged around the axis of the winding structure 100 to form the winding structure 100. The first conductor 111 of the first coil 11 can improve the conductivity of the winding structure 100, thereby reducing the current loss of the winding structure 100. The second conductor 112 and the third coil 13 in the first coil 11 can concentrate and guide the magnetic lines of force, thereby improving the magnetic permeability of the winding structure 100, reducing the magnetic reluctance of the winding structure 100, and increasing the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength.

[0064] In this embodiment, multiple first coils 11 and multiple third coils 13 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the winding structure 100, which helps to improve the uniformity of the radial magnetic reluctance distribution of the winding structure 100, thereby improving the uniformity of the air gap magnetic flux density and air gap magnetic field strength distribution.

[0065] like Figure 10 As shown, this application provides an electric motor 200, which includes a winding structure 100, a stator 21, and a rotor 22. The winding structure 100 is capable of generating an armature magnetic field, and the stator 21 is disposed at least partially around the winding structure 100, providing a closed path with low magnetic resistance for magnetic lines of force.

[0066] The rotor 22 includes a shaft 221 and a permanent magnet 222. The shaft 221 is surrounded by a winding structure 100. The permanent magnet 222 is fixed to the shaft 221 and located between the shaft 221 and the winding structure 100. The permanent magnet 222 generates a permanent magnet excitation magnetic field, which interacts with the armature magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force, thereby driving the shaft 221 to rotate. The winding structure 100 can reduce the magnetic reluctance in the magnetic circuit, increase the air gap magnetic field strength and air gap magnetic flux density, thereby improving the torque output performance of the motor 200.

[0067] like Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, slots 211 are formed on the inner wall of the stator 21. In this case, the motor 200 is a slotted motor. The winding structure 100 is at least partially located within the slots 211, serving as the winding of the slotted motor 200. The plurality of fourth conductor groups 1112 are positioned closer to the axis of the winding structure 100 than the plurality of fifth conductor groups 1123. This arrangement allows a magnetic field loop to be formed along the circumference of the winding structure 100 through the fifth conductor groups 1123. While maintaining the required motor magnetic field strength, the thickness of the stator 21 can be reduced. Reducing the outer diameter of the stator 21 helps reduce the motor's weight and volume. With the outer diameter of the stator 21 unchanged, the inner diameter of the stator 21 can be increased, providing more space for the winding structure 100.

[0068] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A winding structure, characterized in that, the winding structure is substantially in a toroid shape, the winding structure comprises a plurality of first coils, the plurality of first coils are arranged around an axis of the winding structure, such that the plurality of first coils form at least part of the winding structure; each of the first coils comprises: a plurality of first conductors, each of the first conductors is made of a first material, the first material has electrical conductivity; a plurality of second conductors, each of the second conductors is made of a second material, the second material has magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity, the electrical conductivity of the second material is less than the electrical conductivity of the first material; the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors are arranged in a predetermined manner, such that the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors form a first effective portion, a second effective portion and an end portion of the first coil, the first effective portion and the second effective portion are substantially parallel; at least part of the plurality of first conductors are arranged along a radial direction of the winding structure to form a first conductor group, such that the plurality of first conductors form a plurality of first conductor groups; at least part of the plurality of second conductors are arranged along the radial direction of the winding structure to form a second conductor group, such that the plurality of second conductors form a plurality of second conductor groups; the plurality of first conductor groups and the plurality of second conductor groups are arranged along a circumferential direction of the winding structure; at least part of the plurality of second conductors are arranged along the circumferential direction of the winding structure to form a third conductor group, such that the plurality of second conductors form a plurality of third conductor groups; the conductor groups formed by arranging the plurality of first conductor groups and the plurality of second conductor groups along the circumferential direction of the winding structure are defined as circumferential segmented conductor groups; the circumferential segmented conductor groups and the third conductor groups are arranged along the radial direction of the winding structure, and the circumferential segmented conductor groups are arranged closer to the axis of the winding structure than the third conductor groups. 2.The winding structure of claim 1, characterized in that, the plurality of first conductor groups and the plurality of second conductor groups are arranged in an interval manner along the circumferential direction of the winding structure. 3.The winding structure of claim 1, characterized in that, arrangement manners of the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors in the first effective portion are different from arrangement manners of the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors in the second effective portion; each of the first conductors forms a first bending portion at the end portion, each of the second conductors forms a second bending portion at the end portion, and the first bending portion and the second bending portion make arrangement manners of each of the first conductors and each of the second conductors in the first effective portion and the second effective portion different. 4.The winding structure of claim 3, characterized in that, in the end portion, the first bending portion makes positions of the first conductors located on two sides thereof different along the circumferential direction or the radial direction of the winding structure, and the second bending portion makes positions of the second conductors located on two sides thereof different along the circumferential direction or the radial direction of the winding structure. 5.A winding structure, characterized in that, the winding structure comprises: a plurality of first coils according to any one of claims 1 to 4; a plurality of second coils, each of the second coils being formed by a plurality of the first conductors; a plurality of third coils, each of the third coils being formed by a plurality of the second conductors; the plurality of first coils, the plurality of second coils, and the plurality of third coils are arranged around an axis of the winding structure to form the winding structure.

6. A winding structure, comprising: a plurality of first coils according to any one of claims 1 to 4; a plurality of second coils, each of the second coils being formed by a plurality of the first conductors; the plurality of first coils and the plurality of second coils are arranged around an axis of the winding structure to form the winding structure.

7. A winding structure, comprising: a plurality of first coils according to any one of claims 1 to 4; a plurality of third coils, each of the third coils being formed by a plurality of the second conductors; the plurality of first coils and the plurality of third coils are arranged around an axis of the winding structure to form the winding structure. comprising: a winding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4; 8. An electric machine characterized by a stator arranged at least partially around the winding structure; a rotor comprising a rotor shaft arranged around the winding structure and a permanent magnet fixed to the rotor shaft and located between the rotor shaft and the winding structure. ​ ​

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