Automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks. The automatic crushing and sorting device comprises a synthetic block crushing mechanism, a conveying and screening mechanism and a control module. The synthetic block crushing mechanism comprises a shell, a feeding port and a discharging port are formed in the shell, a discharging plate is arranged below the feeding port, a plurality of impact mechanisms are arranged on the periphery of the discharging plate in a surrounding mode, an inductor is arranged on one side of the discharging plate, a material channel is arranged below the discharging plate, the discharging port is formed in the tail end of the material channel, and the discharging plate is connected with an opening and closing mechanism. The impact mechanism comprises a guide groove, a guide frame is embedded in the guide groove, an impact cone is installed on the guide frame, a wobble wheel is arranged in the guide frame, the wobble wheel is connected with an output shaft of the transmission mechanism, and the wobble wheel is used for moving under driving of the transmission mechanism and driving the guide frame to move. The guide groove is used for providing a movement track and support for the guide frame when the guide frame moves. The device realizes step-by-step crushing, recovery and separation of the diamond synthetic blocks, improves the diamond recovery rate, and reduces the material loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superhard material synthesis, specifically to an automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks. Background Technology

[0002] Diamond composite blocks are composed of components such as graphite cores, pyrophyllite blocks, dolomite blocks, conductive steel rings, graphite bushings, and graphite sheets. During product processing, the composite block typically needs to be broken to monitor diamond growth and allow for timely adjustments and optimization of the process. However, the various components of the diamond composite block are made of different materials, making it difficult to separate them all at once. Currently, manually breaking the composite block using a steel hammer suffers from low crushing efficiency and severe dust pollution.

[0003] Furthermore, Chinese invention patent CN117019821A discloses a fully automatic diamond synthetic block separator, including a synthetic block separation component, a component crushing component, a chute screening component, a magnetic separation component, a classification and collection component, and a synthetic column extrusion component. This synthetic block separation component uses hydraulic cylinders, with multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders and pressure column fixtures arranged around the synthetic column placement platform. However, in actual production, the impact force of the hydraulic cylinders not only separates the synthetic blocks but also damages various components of the blocks, resulting in some diamond material being mixed into the waste material after the blocks are crushed, easily causing diamond material loss. Moreover, using a synthetic block separation component with multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders increases costs and wastes energy. Therefore, the separation device for diamond synthetic blocks should be improved towards efficient diamond recovery and energy conservation and environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, improve the diamond recovery rate, reduce diamond material loss, and provide an automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks includes a synthetic block crushing mechanism, a conveying and screening mechanism, and a control module. The synthetic block crushing mechanism is used to crush the synthetic block, and the conveying and screening mechanism is used to convey the crushed synthetic block components and screen the crushed synthetic block components to separate the synthetic column. The synthetic block crushing mechanism includes a housing, an inlet on the housing, a discharge plate below the inlet, the discharge plate being connected to an opening and closing mechanism, a plurality of impact mechanisms surrounding the discharge plate, a sensor on one side of the discharge plate, a material channel below the discharge plate, and a discharge port at the end of the material channel. The impact mechanism includes a guide groove, within which a guide frame is nested. An impact cone is mounted on the guide frame, and a swing wheel is disposed within the guide frame. The swing wheel is connected to the output shaft of the transmission mechanism. The swing wheel is used to move under the drive of the transmission mechanism and drive the guide frame to move. The guide groove is used to provide a motion track and support for the guide frame when it moves. The input end of the control module is connected to the output end of the sensor, and the output end of the control module is electrically connected to the controlled ends of the transmission mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism, and the conveying and screening mechanism, respectively.

[0006] This invention uses a swing wheel, guide frame, and impact cone as impact mechanisms. The reciprocating motion of the swing wheel is used as power to drive the impact cone to apply impact force to the diamond composite block. Multiple impact mechanisms impact and squeeze the diamond composite block from multiple directions, breaking the diamond composite block without damaging the diamond material. Sensors monitor the material state to detect whether the composite block has been broken to the correct extent, avoiding damage to the internal composite column. The control module automatically controls the breaking and conveying of the diamond composite block.

[0007] Preferably, the impact cone includes an impact plate and a tapered protrusion disposed on the impact plate, wherein multiple tapered protrusions are disposed, and the impact plate is disposed perpendicular to the guide frame.

[0008] Preferably, the sensor is a force sensor or a vibration sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding plate includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate arranged opposite to each other. The outer sides of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are hinged to the housing. The opening and closing mechanism includes a first cylinder arranged below the first feeding plate and a second cylinder arranged below the second feeding plate. The inner sides of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are respectively hinged to the piston rods of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. The controlled end of the first cylinder and the controlled end of the second cylinder are both connected to the output end of the control module.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a motor, a driving gear, multiple driven gears, and multiple transmission shafts. The driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The driving gear meshes with and rotates with the multiple driven gears. Each driven gear is fixedly connected to one end of a corresponding transmission shaft. The other end of each transmission shaft is connected to a corresponding swing wheel. The control module is connected to the controlled end of the motor.

[0011] Preferably, the swing wheel adopts a triangular cam, and the guide frame adopts a square structure, with the swing wheel and the guide frame arranged in parallel. When the swing wheel with the triangular cam structure rotates, it pushes the square guide frame outside the swing wheel. As the relative position between the swing wheel and the guide frame changes, the guide frame moves back and forth, causing the impact cone to impact back and forth, thereby providing a flexible impact to the composite block.

[0012] Preferably, the conveying and screening mechanism is located at the discharge port. The conveying and screening mechanism includes a first conveyor belt, a hopper at the end of the first conveyor belt, and claws on the side wall of the first conveyor belt for aligning the synthesis column. The drive roller of the first conveyor belt is a permanent magnet roller. A steel ring collecting hopper is located below the first conveyor belt, and a scraper is located at the opening above the steel ring collecting hopper for collecting the steel rings in conjunction with the conveyor belt.

[0013] Preferably, the material channel includes a first bend, which is an inclined slide. An inclined screen is provided above the inclined slide. The first end of the first conveyor belt enters the housing from the discharge port and is located adjacent to the end of the inclined screen. A slag collection hopper is provided at the tail end of the inclined slide.

[0014] Preferably, the system further includes a cutting and recycling mechanism. This mechanism includes a second conveyor belt located at the end of the conveying and screening mechanism. A cutting platform is located at the end of the second conveyor belt, and the cutting platform has a fixed groove and a tool holder. The tool holder has a vertical first cutter and a horizontal second cutter. The first cutter is fixed to the piston rod of a third cylinder, and the second cutter is fixed to the output shaft of a side-cutting motor. A fourth cylinder and a hopper are correspondingly located on both sides of the fixed groove. The fourth cylinder pushes the synthesized column from the fixed groove into the hopper. A follower roller is located in the fixed groove. The third cylinder, the fourth cylinder, and the side-cutting motor are all connected to the output of a control module. The synthesized column is cut open by the first cutter on the cutting platform, and the second cutter on the cutting platform, in conjunction with the follower roller, rotates and cuts the synthesized column, removing the graphite skin from its outer surface for easy recycling.

[0015] Preferably, anti-slip baffles are evenly distributed on the second conveyor belt.

[0016] This invention achieves the purpose of step-by-step crushing, recycling and separation of diamond synthetic blocks by cooperating with a synthetic block crushing mechanism, a conveying and screening mechanism and a cutting and recycling mechanism. This greatly reduces labor costs and equipment design costs, reduces environmental pollution and avoids equipment blockage problems. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the synthetic block crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impact mechanism in the synthetic block crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the feeding plate in the synthetic block crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material channel of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying and screening mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting and recycling mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Synthetic block crushing mechanism; 2. Conveying and screening mechanism; 3. Cutting and recycling mechanism; 101. Feed inlet; 102. Impact mechanism; 1021. Guide frame; 1022. Swing wheel; 1023. Impact plate; 1024. Conical protrusion; 1025. Guide groove; 103. Transmission mechanism; 1031. Transmission shaft; 104. Housing; 105. Discharge port; 106. Feed plate; 107. Sensor; 108. Material channel; 1081. Inclined slide; 1082. Inclined screen. 109. Slag collection hopper; 201. First conveyor belt; 202. Claw; 203. Storage hopper; 204. Steel ring collection hopper; 2041. Scraper; 301. Second conveyor belt; 3011. Anti-slip baffle; 302. Cutting table; 3021. First cutter; 3022. Second cutter; 3023. Third cylinder; 3024. Fourth cylinder; 3025. Fixed groove; 3026. Follower roller; 303. Hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks, including a synthetic block crushing mechanism 1, a conveying and screening mechanism 2 and a control module. The synthetic block crushing mechanism 1 is used to crush the synthetic blocks, and the conveying and screening mechanism 2 is used to convey the crushed synthetic block components and screen the crushed synthetic block components to separate synthetic columns.

[0020] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the composite block crushing mechanism 1 includes a housing 104, with an inlet 101 on the housing 104. A discharge plate 106 is located below the inlet 101 and connected to an opening and closing mechanism. Multiple impact mechanisms 102 are arranged around the discharge plate 106. A sensor 107 is located on one side of the discharge plate 106. A material channel 108 is located below the discharge plate 106, and a discharge port 105 is located at the end of the material channel 108. The input terminal of the control module is connected to the output terminal of the sensor 107.

[0021] like Figure 3As shown, the impact mechanism 102 includes a guide groove 1025, within which a guide frame 1021 is nested. An impact cone is mounted on the guide frame 1021, and a swing wheel 1022 is disposed within the guide frame 1021. The swing wheel 1022 is connected to the output shaft of the transmission mechanism. Specifically, the swing wheel 1022 is connected to the transmission shaft 1031. The swing wheel 1022 is used to move under the drive of the transmission mechanism and drive the guide frame 1021 to move. The guide groove 1025 is used to provide a motion track and support for the guide frame 1021 when it moves. The impact cone includes an impact plate 1023 and multiple conical protrusions 1024 disposed on the impact plate 1023. The impact plate 1023 is perpendicular to the guide frame 1021. The conical protrusions 1024 are made of metal, and the multiple conical protrusions 1024 are evenly distributed. In this embodiment, the swing wheel 1022 adopts a triangular cam, the guide frame 1021 adopts a square structure, and the swing wheel 1022 and the guide frame 1021 are arranged in parallel.

[0022] In this embodiment, a swing wheel 1022, a guide frame 1021, and an impact cone are set as impact mechanisms 102. The reciprocating motion of the swing wheel 1022 is used as power to drive the impact cone on the guide frame to apply impact force to the diamond composite block. Multiple impact mechanisms 102 impact and squeeze the diamond composite block from multiple directions, so that the diamond composite block is broken without damaging the diamond material. The sensor 107 monitors whether the breaking is in place to avoid damaging the internal synthesis column, so that the control module can automatically control the breaking and conveying of the diamond composite block.

[0023] In this embodiment, the feeding plate 106 includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate disposed opposite to each other. The outer sides of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are hinged to the housing 104. The opening and closing mechanism includes a first cylinder disposed below the first feeding plate and a second cylinder disposed below the second feeding plate. The inner sides of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are respectively hinged to the piston rods of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. The controlled end of the first cylinder and the controlled end of the second cylinder are both connected to the output end of the control module.

[0024] Sensor 107 can be a force sensor or a vibration sensor. In this embodiment, a vibration sensor is used to sense the change in the vibration force of the composite block and output a signal to the control module.

[0025] In this embodiment, four impact mechanisms 102 are provided, located around the feed plate 106. The impact mechanisms act from all sides of the composite block, improving crushing efficiency.

[0026] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 103 includes a motor, a driving gear, multiple driven gears, and multiple transmission shafts. The driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the driving gear meshes with the multiple driven gears for rotatable connection. In this embodiment, four driven gears are provided. Each driven gear is fixedly connected to one end of a corresponding transmission shaft 1031, and the other end of each transmission shaft 1031 is connected to a corresponding swing wheel 1022. The control module is connected to the controlled end of the motor.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the material channel 108 includes a first bend, which is an inclined slide 1081. An inclined screen 1082 is arranged above the inclined slide 1081. The first end of the first conveyor belt 201 of the conveying and screening mechanism 2 enters the housing 104 from the discharge port 105 and is arranged adjacent to the end of the inclined screen 1082. A slag collection hopper 109 is arranged at the tail end of the inclined slide. After the slag filtered by the inclined screen 1082 falls into the inclined slide, it slides into the slag collection hopper 109, thus collecting the slag. The composite block assembly after the slag is filtered out includes a steel ring and a composite column. The composite block assembly is transported out of the discharge port 105 by the first conveyor belt.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the conveying and screening mechanism 2 is located at the discharge port 105. The conveying and screening mechanism 2 includes a first conveyor belt 201, and the output end of the control module is connected to the controlled end of the first conveyor belt 201. A storage hopper 203 is provided at the end of the first conveyor belt 201, and a claw 202 is provided on the side wall of the first conveyor belt 201. The claw 202 is used to straighten the synthesis column. The transmission roller on the right side of the first conveyor belt 201 is a permanent magnet roller. A steel ring collecting hopper 204 is provided below the first conveyor belt 201, and a scraper 2041 is provided at the opening above the steel ring collecting hopper 204. The scraper 2041 is used to cooperate with the first conveyor belt 201 to collect the steel rings. The storage hopper 203 is used to temporarily store the synthesis column. The bottom of the storage hopper 203 adopts an inclined hollow structure. The inclined structure facilitates sliding down to the bottom of the storage hopper, and the hollow structure facilitates further cleaning of the debris on the synthesis column.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 7As shown, the present invention also includes a cutting and recycling mechanism 3, which includes a second conveyor belt 301 disposed at the end of the conveying and screening mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the second conveyor belt is disposed at the end of the storage hopper 203. Anti-slip baffles 3011 are uniformly disposed on the second conveyor belt 301. A cutting table 302 is provided at the end of the second conveyor belt 301. The cutting table has a fixing groove 3025 and a tool holder. The tool holder has a vertical first cutter 3021 and a horizontal second cutter 3022. The first cutter 3021 is fixed to the piston rod of the third cylinder 3023, and the second cutter 3022 is fixed to the output shaft of the side-cutting motor. A fourth cylinder 3024 and a hopper 303 are respectively arranged on both sides of the fixing groove 3025. The fourth cylinder 3024 is used to push the synthesis column in the fixing groove 3025 into the hopper 303. Two follower rollers 3026 are provided in the fixing groove 3025, positioned opposite each other on the inner wall of the fixing groove 3025. The third cylinder 3023, the fourth cylinder 3024, and the side-cutting motor are all connected to the output terminal of the control module. In this embodiment, the side-cutting motor is a reciprocating motor.

[0030] The specific working process of this embodiment is as follows: The diamond synthetic block is fed into the synthetic block crushing mechanism 1 through the feed port 101 and falls onto the feed plate 106. After the sensor 107 on the feed plate 106 detects high-intensity vibration of the feed plate 106, the motor is started. The transmission mechanism drives the impact cone of the impact mechanism 102 to move back and forth, performing a flexible impact on the diamond synthetic block. When the triangular swing wheel 1022 rotates, the square guide frame 1021 outside the impact swing wheel 1022 moves back and forth as the relative positions between the three vertices of the triangular swing wheel 1022 and the guide frame 1021 change, driving the impact cone to impact back and forth, thereby performing a flexible impact on the synthetic block, thus crushing the stones on the outside of the diamond synthetic block. After crushing is completed, sensor 107 detects that the vibration of the feed plate 106 has weakened to a certain intensity. The control module controls the feed plate 106 to open, allowing the crushed material to fall into the material channel 108. The stone chips are filtered out by the inclined screen 1082 in the material channel 108 and fall into the slag collection hopper 109. The filtered composite column and steel ring enter the conveying and screening mechanism 2 from the discharge port 105 via the first conveyor belt 201. The claws 202 on the inner wall of the conveying and screening mechanism 2 align the position of the composite column to ensure that the composite column is smoothly conveyed into the storage hopper 203. The steel ring is attracted by the permanent magnet roller on the right side of the first conveyor belt 201. The attracted steel ring is scraped off by the scraper 2041 above the steel ring collection hopper 204 and falls into the steel ring collection hopper 204. The synthetic column in the hopper 203 is conveyed to the cutting table 302 via the second conveyor belt 301. The second cutter 3022 on the cutting table 302 works with the follower roller 3026 to remove the graphite skin from the outer surface of the synthetic column. Then, the first cutter 3021 splits the synthetic column under the action of the third cylinder 3023. The fourth cylinder 3024 pushes the split synthetic column to the hopper 303, thus completing the automatic crushing, sorting and recycling of diamond synthetic blocks.

[0031] In this embodiment, the synthetic block crushing mechanism 1, the conveying and screening mechanism 2, and the cutting and recycling mechanism 3 work together to achieve the purpose of crushing, recycling, and separating diamond synthetic blocks in stages, which greatly reduces labor costs and equipment design costs, reduces environmental pollution, and avoids equipment blockage problems.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks, comprising a synthetic block crushing mechanism, a conveying and screening mechanism, and a control module, characterized in that, The synthetic block crushing mechanism is used to crush the synthetic block, and the conveying and screening mechanism is used to convey the crushed synthetic block components and screen the crushed synthetic block components to separate the synthetic column. The synthetic block crushing mechanism includes a housing, an inlet on the housing, a discharge plate below the inlet, the discharge plate being connected to an opening and closing mechanism, a plurality of impact mechanisms surrounding the discharge plate, a sensor on one side of the discharge plate, a material channel below the discharge plate, and a discharge port at the end of the material channel. The impact mechanism includes a guide groove, within which a guide frame is nested. An impact cone is mounted on the guide frame, and a swing wheel is disposed within the guide frame. The swing wheel is connected to the output shaft of the transmission mechanism. The swing wheel is used to move under the drive of the transmission mechanism and drive the guide frame to move. The guide groove is used to provide a motion track and support for the guide frame when it moves. The input end of the control module is connected to the output end of the sensor, and the output end of the control module is electrically connected to the controlled ends of the transmission mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism, and the conveying and screening mechanism, respectively.

2. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact cone includes an impact plate and a tapered protrusion disposed on the impact plate. Multiple tapered protrusions are provided, and the impact plate is disposed perpendicular to the guide frame.

3. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor is a force sensor or a vibration sensor.

4. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding plate includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate arranged opposite to each other. The outer sides of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are hinged to the housing. The opening and closing mechanism includes a first cylinder arranged below the first feeding plate and a second cylinder arranged below the second feeding plate. The inner sides of the first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are respectively hinged to the piston rods of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. The controlled end of the first cylinder and the controlled end of the second cylinder are both connected to the output end of the control module.

5. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a motor, a driving gear, multiple driven gears, and multiple transmission shafts. The driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The driving gear meshes with and rotates with the multiple driven gears. Each driven gear is fixedly connected to one end of a corresponding transmission shaft. The other end of each transmission shaft is connected to a corresponding swing wheel. The control module is connected to the controlled end of the motor.

6. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing wheel adopts a triangular cam, the guide frame adopts a square structure, and the swing wheel and the guide frame are arranged in parallel.

7. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying and screening mechanism is located at the discharge port. The conveying and screening mechanism includes a first conveyor belt, a hopper at the end of the first conveyor belt, and claws on the side wall of the first conveyor belt for aligning the synthesis column. The drive roller of the first conveyor belt is a permanent magnet roller. A steel ring collecting hopper is located below the first conveyor belt, and a scraper is located at the opening above the steel ring collecting hopper for collecting the steel rings in conjunction with the conveyor belt.

8. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond composite blocks according to claim 7, characterized in that, The material channel includes a first bend, which is an inclined slide. An inclined screen is provided above the inclined slide. The first end of the first conveyor belt enters the housing from the discharge port and is located adjacent to the end of the inclined screen. A slag collection hopper is provided at the tail end of the inclined slide.

9. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cutting and recycling mechanism, which includes a second conveyor belt located at the end of the conveying and screening mechanism. A cutting platform is located at the end of the second conveyor belt, and a fixed groove and a tool holder are provided on the cutting platform. A vertical first cutter and a horizontal second cutter are provided on the tool holder. The first cutter is fixed on the piston rod of a third cylinder, and the second cutter is fixed on the output shaft of a side-cutting motor. A fourth cylinder and a hopper are provided on both sides of the fixed groove. The fourth cylinder is used to push the synthesis column in the fixed groove into the hopper. A follower roller is provided in the fixed groove. The third cylinder, the fourth cylinder, and the side-cutting motor are all connected to the output end of the control module.

10. The automatic crushing and sorting device for diamond synthetic blocks according to claim 9, characterized in that, Anti-slip baffles are evenly distributed on the second conveyor belt.

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