Multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device for vertical unloading of high-fall rigid landfill

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage energy dissipation buffering device for vertical discharging of a high-fall rigid landfill. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffering device aims at solving the problems that in the high-fall discharging process, impact is large, dust escapes, and operation safety is low. The device comprises a ton bag discharging protection device, a multi-stage buffering energy dissipation cavity and an energy dissipation dustproof device, the multi-stage buffering energy dissipation cavity is fixed to the lower end of the ton bag discharging protection device, and the energy dissipation dustproof device is detachably connected to the lower end of the multi-stage buffering energy dissipation cavity. The ton bag unloading protection device achieves stable loading and hoisting protection of ton bags, the multi-stage buffering energy dissipation cavity achieves bag cutting and multi-stage buffering through a funnel structure, an automatic blade device and an energy dissipation transverse rolling rod, and the energy dissipation dustproof device restrains dust dissipation. By means of the multi-stage energy dissipation design, full-process optimization of loading, energy dissipation, bag cutting, dust prevention and transferring is achieved, unloading impact is reduced, meanwhile, remote control automatic bag cutting and dust prevention are achieved, the safety, efficiency and environment friendliness of unloading operation are improved, and the structure and environment safety of a rigid landfill are protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device for vertical unloading of high-drop rigid landfill. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the implementation of the Hazardous Waste Landfill Pollution Control Standard (GB18598-2019), rigid landfills have become the core site for domestic hazardous waste disposal due to their wide application range, strong structural stability, and reliable impermeability. However, the design height of the landfill unit of rigid landfills is generally not less than 5m, and some deep-cavity landfill units even reach 15m. The extremely high unloading drop brings severe challenges to the unloading system during operation. Currently, due to the blind environment during unloading and the efficiency requirements of landfill operations, most operating units adopt high-altitude operation mode: a knife is used to directly cut through the ton bag containing hazardous waste, causing the waste to fall directly from a high altitude to the landfill unit. This operation method has multiple fatal defects: first, hazardous waste (especially waste containing large block diameters and high-density components) accumulates a large amount of impact energy during the high-drop falling process, directly impacting the impermeable system of the landfill unit, which easily causes irreversible damage such as wear and tear of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) impermeable membrane, and further causes the leachate to penetrate the impermeable layer and erode the concrete structure of the rigid landfill, resulting in serious environmental pollution risk and structural safety hazard; second, the high-impact energy material during the impact process easily causes severe splashing, not only causing hazardous waste to spread and pollute, but also producing a large amount of dust, which endangers the health of on-site workers and does not meet the control requirements of the Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB16297-1996).

[0003] Therefore, in view of the core pain points of rigid landfill high-drop unloading after the implementation of GB18598-2019 standard, a buffer device that can achieve multi-stage energy dissipation, strong impact resistance, and wide adaptability is developed to protect the safety of the impermeable system, reduce environmental pollution risk, and become a key technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device for vertical unloading of high-drop rigid landfill. The device realizes the optimization of the whole process of "loading - energy dissipation - bag cutting - dust prevention - transfer" through multi-stage energy dissipation design, reduces the impact of unloading, and realizes remote automatic bag cutting and dust prevention, improving the safety, efficiency, and environmental protection of unloading operation, and protecting the structure and environmental safety of the rigid landfill.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device for vertical unloading of high-drop rigid landfill sites, comprising: ton bag unloading protection device, multi-stage buffer energy dissipation cavity and energy dissipation dust prevention device; the multi-stage buffer energy dissipation cavity is fixed at the lower end of the ton bag unloading protection device, and the energy dissipation dust prevention device is detachably fixed at the lower end of the multi-stage buffer energy dissipation cavity; The ton bag unloading protection device comprises a main body structure, flexible anti-collision cotton, a locking device and a hoisting steel rope; the main body structure is prefabricated from stainless steel plates and is not capped at the top; one side of the main body structure is hinged to an adjacent side by the locking device to form an openable and closable loading door; the flexible anti-collision cotton is wrapped around the four corners outside the main body structure, and the hoisting steel rope is installed at the top of the main body structure; The multi-stage buffer energy dissipation cavity comprises a funnel structure, an automatic blade device and an energy dissipation device; the funnel structure is a square conical funnel prefabricated from stainless steel plates, the top of the funnel structure is connected to the bottom of the main body structure by welding, and the lower end forms a discharge port; the automatic blade device is installed in the upper part inside the funnel structure, and the energy dissipation device is arranged at the bottom of the funnel structure; The energy dissipation dust prevention device comprises a stainless steel fixing ring and a dust prevention bag, the upper end of the dust prevention bag is connected to the stainless steel fixing ring, and the stainless steel fixing ring is detachably fixed on the square conical funnel.

[0006] As a further improvement of the application, the length and width of the main body structure are respectively 30 cm larger than the corresponding dimensions of the hazardous waste ton bag to be loaded, and stainless steel lifting rings are arranged at the four corners of the top of the main body structure, with four lifting rings; the hoisting steel rope is a high-strength stainless steel wire rope, which is respectively connected to the lifting rings at the four corners of the top of the main body structure; the end of the hoisting steel rope away from the lifting ring is provided with a hook or a lifting ring joint for connecting with the hoisting equipment.

[0007] As a further improvement of the application, the thickness of the flexible anti-collision cotton is not less than 5 cm, and a polyurethane wear-resistant protective layer is arranged on the side of the flexible anti-collision cotton away from the main body structure.

[0008] As a further improvement of the application, the locking device comprises a hinge and a locking structure; the hinge is made of stainless steel and has a number of 2-3, which are evenly distributed on the side edges of the loading door; the locking structure is located on the side of the loading door away from the hinge and comprises a lock catch on the loading door and a lock seat arranged at the corresponding position of the main body structure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the application, the taper of the funnel structure is 60°-75°.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the automatic blade device includes a remote control module, a drive motor, a transmission component, and a blade; the drive motor is connected to the blade through the transmission component, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the remote control module; the blade has a serrated structure at its cutting edge; the transmission component is adapted to the connection requirements between the drive motor and the blade, and can transmit the power of the drive motor to the blade to achieve the cutting action.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the energy dissipation device is disposed at the bottom of the funnel structure and includes an energy dissipation box and an energy dissipation roller; the energy dissipation box is fixed to the bottom of the funnel structure and is a stainless steel cuboid structure; the energy dissipation box is provided with a connecting annular flange for installing a dustproof bag, and the annular flange is evenly provided with female buckles of mountain-shaped connecting buckles, with no less than 3 on each side.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the energy dissipation roller is a seamless stainless steel pipe roller. The number and spacing of the energy dissipation roller can be adjusted according to the actual unloading weight and impact intensity. Preferably, 2-4 sets are provided, distributed at intervals of 10-15cm. Both ends are connected to the side wall of the energy dissipation box through deep groove ball bearings, and can rotate freely 360°.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dust bag is made of wear-resistant and waterproof canvas, and is a cylinder that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with its length set according to the unloading height.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sub-buckle of a mountain-shaped connecting buckle is welded inside the stainless steel fixing ring, and the mountain-shaped connecting buckle is fixed to the annular flange of the energy dissipation box.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes stainless steel plates for the main structure and funnel structure, offering excellent corrosion resistance and strength, enabling it to adapt to the harsh environment of landfills. Flexible anti-collision cotton at the four corners of the ton-bag unloading protective device effectively mitigates impact, protecting the device and surrounding facilities. Combined with a wear-resistant protective layer, this further enhances durability. A high-strength stainless steel hoisting rope device improves the ease of transport and operational efficiency, making it suitable for the complex operating environment of high-drop landfills. The multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber with its rolling rollers cushions the falling hazardous waste, reducing impact force. The automatic blade device allows for remote-controlled automatic bag cutting, eliminating the need for manual intervention and improving operational safety and efficiency. The serrated blade design ensures reliable cutting results. The energy dissipation and dust suppression device effectively reduces the speed of hazardous waste through efficient space, effectively suppressing dust. The overall device structure integrates multiple functions such as loading, hoisting, buffering, bag cutting, and dust prevention, meeting the safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly unloading and transport requirements of high-drop rigid landfills. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device for vertical unloading of high-drop rigid landfills disclosed in this invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the energy dissipation device.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Ton bag unloading protection device; 101. Main structure; 102. Flexible anti-collision cotton; 103. Lifting steel rope; 2. Multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber; 201. Funnel structure; 202. Energy dissipation device; 2021. Energy dissipation box; 2022. Energy dissipation horizontal roller; 203. Female buckle of the mountain-shaped connecting buckle; 3. Energy dissipation and dust prevention device; 301. Stainless steel fixing ring; 302. Female buckle of the mountain-shaped connecting buckle; 303. Dustproof bag. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage energy dissipation and buffer device for vertical unloading of high-drop rigid landfills, comprising: a ton bag unloading protection device 1, a multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber 2, and an energy dissipation and dust prevention device 3. The multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber 2 is fixed to the lower end of the ton bag unloading protection device 1 by welding, and the energy dissipation and dust prevention device 3 is detachably fixed to the lower end of the multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber 2 by a snap-fit ​​structure. like Figure 1As shown, the ton bag unloading protection device 1 includes a main structure 101, flexible anti-collision cotton 102, a locking device, and a hoisting steel rope 103. The main structure 101 is prefabricated from stainless steel plate, with no top cap. For hazardous waste ton bags with dimensions of 120cm × 100cm, the length and width of the main structure 101 are set to 150cm × 130cm. One side of the main structure 101 is hinged to the adjacent side through the locking device to form a loading door. Four stainless steel lifting rings are welded at the four corners of the top of the main structure 101. The flexible anti-collision cotton 102 is wrapped around the four corners of the main structure 101, with a thickness of 5cm, and a polyurethane wear-resistant protective layer is pasted on its outer side. The locking device includes two stainless steel hinges and a locking structure. The hinges are evenly distributed on the side of the loading door, and the locking structure consists of a latch on the loading door and a lock seat at the corresponding position on the main structure. The hoisting steel rope 103 is a high-strength stainless steel wire rope with a diameter of 12mm. One end is connected to the lifting ring, and the other end is equipped with a lifting ring connector. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber 2 includes a funnel structure 201, an automatic blade device, and an energy dissipation device 202. The funnel structure 201 is a stainless steel square pyramidal funnel with a taper of 70°. The top is welded to the bottom of the main structure 101, and the bottom forms a discharge port. The automatic blade device is installed in the upper middle part inside the funnel structure 201. The automatic blade device includes a drive motor, which is connected to the blade through a transmission component. A remote control module is connected to the drive motor. The remote control module controls the drive motor to work, which in turn drives the blade to rotate through the transmission component, cutting the bottom of the ton bag. The remote control module uses a wireless remote control receiver, the drive motor is a small servo motor, the transmission component is a gear transmission mechanism, and the blade is made of high-strength stainless steel with serrated edges. It is connected to the transmission component by bolts. The energy dissipation device 202 is located at the bottom of the funnel structure 201. The energy dissipation device 202 includes an energy dissipation box 2021 and an energy dissipation roller 2022. The energy dissipation box 2021 is a stainless steel cuboid with a connecting annular flange on its outer wall. Three mountain-shaped female buckles 203 are evenly arranged on each side of the annular flange. The energy dissipation roller 2022 is arranged in three sets, spaced apart. It is a seamless stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 8cm, and its two ends are connected to the side wall of the energy dissipation box 2021 through deep groove ball bearings. like Figure 1 As shown, the energy dissipation and dust prevention device 3 includes a stainless steel fixing ring 301 and a dust bag 302. The dust bag 302 is made of wear-resistant and waterproof canvas and is made into a cylinder with a width at the top and a width at the bottom and a length of 3m. A stainless steel fixing ring 301 is sewn at the top opening. A mountain-shaped female buckle 303 that matches the mountain-shaped female buckle 203 is welded inside the ring. The dust bag is fixed to the annular flange of the energy dissipation box 2021 by the buckle. The working process of this embodiment is as follows: The operator opens the loading door and uses a forklift to place the hazardous waste ton bag into the main structure 101, closes the loading door and fixes it with the locking structure; the lifting equipment connects the lifting steel rope to the lifting eye joint and lifts the device to the unloading point; the operator sends a command through the remote control in a safe area, and the remote control module starts the drive motor after receiving the command. The drive motor drives the blade to rotate through the transmission component and cuts the bottom of the ton bag; the material in the ton bag falls into the funnel structure, is buffered and decelerated by the energy-dissipating horizontal roller, and slides down to the unloading point through the dustproof bag sealed channel to complete the unloading operation. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device for vertical unloading in a high-drop rigid landfill, characterized in that, include: Ton bag unloading protection device, multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber and energy dissipation and dust prevention device; The multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber is fixed at the lower end of the ton bag unloading protection device, and the energy dissipation and dust prevention device is detachably fixed at the lower end of the multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber. The ton bag unloading protection device includes a main structure, flexible anti-collision cotton, a locking device, and a hoisting steel rope; the main structure is prefabricated from stainless steel plates and has no top cap; one side of the main structure is hinged to the adjacent side through the locking device to form an openable loading door; the flexible anti-collision cotton is wrapped around the four corners of the main structure, and the hoisting steel rope is installed on the top of the main structure. The multi-stage buffer energy dissipation chamber includes a funnel structure, an automatic blade device, and an energy dissipation device; the funnel structure is a square-conical funnel prefabricated from stainless steel plate, the top of the funnel structure is welded to the bottom of the main structure, and the lower end forms a discharge port; the automatic blade device is installed in the upper middle part of the funnel structure, and the energy dissipation device is located at the bottom of the funnel structure. The energy dissipation and dust prevention device includes a stainless steel fixing ring and a dust bag. The upper end of the dust bag is connected to the stainless steel fixing ring, and the stainless steel fixing ring is detachably fixed to the square cone-shaped funnel.

2. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length and width of the main structure are 30cm larger than the corresponding dimensions of the hazardous waste ton bags to be loaded. There are four stainless steel lifting rings at the four corners of the top of the main structure. The lifting steel rope is a high-strength stainless steel wire rope, which is connected to the lifting rings at the four corners of the top of the main structure. The end of the lifting steel rope away from the lifting ring is provided with a hook or lifting ring connector for connecting with the lifting equipment.

3. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the flexible anti-collision cotton is not less than 5cm, and a wear-resistant protective layer of polyurethane material is provided on the side of the flexible anti-collision cotton away from the main structure.

4. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The locking device includes hinges and a locking structure; the hinges are made of stainless steel, and there are 2-3 of them, evenly distributed on the side of the loading door; the locking structure is located on the side of the loading door away from the hinges, and includes a latch on the loading door and a lock seat set at the corresponding position on the main structure.

5. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The taper of the funnel structure is 60°-75°.

6. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic blade device includes a remote control module, a drive motor, a transmission assembly, and a blade; the drive motor is connected to the blade through the transmission assembly, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the remote control module; the blade has a serrated structure at its cutting edge; the transmission assembly is adapted to the connection requirements between the drive motor and the blade, and can transmit the power of the drive motor to the blade to achieve the cutting action.

7. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy dissipation device is located at the bottom of the funnel structure and includes an energy dissipation box and an energy dissipation roller. The energy dissipation box is fixed to the bottom of the funnel structure and is a stainless steel cuboid structure. The energy dissipation box is provided with a connecting annular flange for installing a dustproof bag. The annular flange is evenly provided with female buckles of a mountain-shaped connecting buckle, with no less than 3 on each side.

8. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The energy dissipation rollers are seamless stainless steel pipe rollers, with 2-4 sets arranged at 10-15cm intervals. Both ends are connected to the side wall of the energy dissipation box through deep groove ball bearings, allowing for 360° free rotation.

9. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dust bag is made of wear-resistant and waterproof canvas, and is a cylinder that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The length is set according to the unloading height.

10. The multi-stage energy dissipation buffer device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The stainless steel fixing ring has a sub-buckle with a mountain-shaped connecting buckle welded inside, which is fixed to the annular flange of the energy dissipation box by the mountain-shaped connecting buckle.

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