Intelligent hole-forming device for rectangular piles

Abstract

The present application relates to pile foundation engineering technical field, especially to a kind of rectangular pile intelligent hole-forming equipment, comprising: main rack, the main rack includes: the cross section control support of rectangular frame structure and swing shaft across the both sides of cross section control support;The horizontal cross-sectional dimension of the cross section control support is matched with target pile hole size;Cutting drilling assembly, the cutting drilling assembly includes: power support and multiple groups of horizontal arrangement cutting drill bit group;The through hole is equipped on the power support, and the power support is set on the swing shaft by the through hole;Swing drive mechanism, the swing drive mechanism includes: swing cylinder and limit switch symmetrically arranged on the swing shaft, and the swing cylinder is used to drive the power support;The limit switch is used to control swing amplitude;Intelligent control system, the intelligent control system includes: torque sensing piece for sensing the torque of cutting drill bit group and controller.

Description

A smart drilling device for rectangular piles Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile foundation engineering technology, and in particular to an intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed railways, highways, energy and water conservancy facilities require various types of anti-slide piles and foundation treatment piles. The main cross-sectional shapes of these piles are circular and rectangular. Under the same cross-sectional area and material conditions, rectangular piles are superior to circular piles in terms of directional force due to their larger lateral area, greater lateral friction, and relatively higher bending coefficient and stiffness. Specifically for anti-slide piles, the structural resistance mainly comes from the shear and bending resistance of the pile body. Shear resistance is mainly related to the cross-sectional area and reinforcement ratio, and is independent of the cross-sectional shape; however, the structural bending resistance is closely related to the cross-sectional shape. According to mechanical research, taking a common 2×3m rectangular anti-slide pile as an example, a 2.77m diameter circular anti-slide pile has the same cross-sectional area, but the bending strength of the rectangular section is 1.44 times that of the circular section. That is, the bending resistance of a rectangular anti-slide pile is about 44% higher than that of a circular anti-slide pile with the same cross-sectional area, making the rectangular cross-section pile more cost-effective in preventing slides. Therefore, rectangular piles have a wide range of applications and prospects, but the difficulty of drilling during construction is a problem that needs to be addressed and solved.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for pile foundation drilling are manual excavation and mechanical drilling. Manual excavation is gradually being phased out due to its high safety risks, high costs, low efficiency, difficulty in quality control, and poor stability. Mechanical drilling primarily involves rotary drilling and milling. Rotary drilling is more suitable for circular cross-sections; for rectangular cross-sections, it requires additional use with a mechanical rectangular drill bit or rectangular frame mold for trimming and shaping. Milling, due to its larger equipment drive system and supporting systems, has higher construction costs and is more suitable for large vertical shafts.

[0004] Existing mechanical drilling technologies for rectangular piles employ methods such as using impact drills or blasting to break up the strata before grab excavation, using internal rotary drilling bits in conjunction with external rectangular trimming drill bits, or using rotary drilling bits to create a free face through multi-circle drilling followed by external rectangular trimming drill bits. However, these methods still have the following problems that need improvement: Rectangular pile holes cannot be formed in a single, full-section operation, resulting in low construction efficiency. The drilling process has poor adaptability to different geological conditions, making trimming difficult in harder rock strata. The drilling equipment lacks cross-section control devices and intelligent control systems, relying on manual control, making it difficult to guarantee verticality and control the quality of the hole. Support cannot be provided in time, and cleaning is not timely enough, easily causing hole collapse and sediment at the bottom of the hole, affecting the progress and quality of pile construction. Furthermore, the equipment itself is large, or requires reliance on large towing machines, placing high demands on the space available at the construction site. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles, which solves the technical problems of existing drilling devices being unable to form the entire cross section in one go and having low construction efficiency.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] A smart drilling device for rectangular piles, comprising:

[0010] The main frame includes: a rectangular frame structure section control bracket and a swing shaft that runs horizontally through both sides of the section control bracket; the horizontal section dimension of the section control bracket matches the target pile hole dimension;

[0011] A cutting and drilling assembly, comprising: a power support and multiple sets of horizontally arranged cutting drill bits; the power support is provided with a through hole, and the power support is sleeved on the swing shaft through the through hole;

[0012] A swing drive mechanism includes: swing cylinders symmetrically arranged on the swing shaft and limit switches; the swing cylinders are used to drive the power support; the limit switches are used to control the swing amplitude.

[0013] The intelligent control system includes a torque sensor and a controller for sensing the torque of the cutting drill bit assembly.

[0014] The rotation directions of two adjacent sets of cutting drill bits are opposite;

[0015] Each cutting drill bit group includes: a horizontally arranged rotary shaft, and a plurality of cutting blades arranged along the rotary shaft;

[0016] The two ends of the rotary shaft are rotatably connected to the side wall of the power support.

[0017] The axial ends of the rotary shaft extend through the sidewalls of the power support, and at least one cutting blade is provided at each of the extended ends.

[0018] The outer wall of the rotary shaft has an external hexagonal connection structure;

[0019] The cutting blade body includes radially distributed blade bodies and hexagonal mounting holes that mate with the rotary shaft;

[0020] The outer edge of the blade body is provided with a large-particle columnar alloy layer.

[0021] Each set of cutting drill bits also includes a sprocket, a sprocket support, and a hydraulic drive motor;

[0022] The sprocket support includes a connecting frame disposed opposite to the sprocket and a sprocket shaft rotatably connected between the connecting frames, and the connecting frame is fixed to the top of the power support.

[0023] The hydraulic drive motor is fixed to the connecting frame, and the hydraulic drive motor drives the sprocket shaft to rotate;

[0024] The drive sprocket is fitted onto the hexagonal connection structure of the rotary shaft and the sprocket shaft to drive the rotary shaft to rotate.

[0025] The torque sensing element is disposed on the cutting blade body;

[0026] The torque sensor and the hydraulic drive motor are connected to the controller via an electrical connection line; the controller receives torque information from the torque sensor and adjusts the speed of the hydraulic drive motor according to the torque information.

[0027] The swing drive mechanism also includes a high-pressure oil pipe connected to the swing cylinder for supplying high-pressure oil to the swing cylinder.

[0028] It also includes a slag removal system, which comprises:

[0029] Multiple high-pressure water jet nozzles are spaced apart in the cutting drill bit assembly, and the high-pressure water jet nozzles spray high-pressure water synchronously during cutting;

[0030] And a high-flow mud pump and a mud pump outlet connected to the mud pump are provided on the cross-section control bracket, and the mud pump outlet is connected to a mud conveying pipe.

[0031] The intelligent control system also includes:

[0032] The slurry injection sensor installed at the slurry outlet end is used to detect the slurry flow rate and specific gravity.

[0033] The shotcrete sensor is connected to the controller, which receives the detection signal from the shotcrete sensor and adjusts the water spray volume of the high-pressure water gun nozzle based on the flow rate and specific gravity data.

[0034] It also includes multiple sections of continuously arranged anti-horizontal shear derricks, with adjacent anti-horizontal shear derricks being fixedly connected by bolts;

[0035] The anti-horizontal shear derrick includes a frame and diagonal bracing;

[0036] The dimensions of the frame are matched with those of the cross-section control bracket, and the frame is connected to the top of the cross-section control bracket;

[0037] The diagonal brace is fixedly installed on the side of the frame.

[0038] The swing shaft is laterally penetrating both ends of the cross-section control bracket and is provided with shaft end bolts for fixing the swing shaft to the bottom of the cross-section control bracket;

[0039] The top of the cross-section control bracket is provided with a connector, and the frame is fixedly connected to the connector by bolts.

[0040] It also includes a gantry crane, which is installed at the target pile hole and is connected to the anti-horizontal shear derrick.

[0041] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles, capable of forming the entire cross-section of a rectangular pile hole in one pass, eliminating the need for additional trimming drill bits and thus increasing construction efficiency. It possesses excellent adaptability to geological formations, minimizing disturbance to the surrounding strata during the drilling process, eliminating the need for impact blasting, and enabling mechanical rock-breaking drilling of rectangular cross-sections in various geological formations, allowing for precise hole formation. During drilling, rapid slag removal and mud slurry wall formation can be simultaneously achieved, adapting to various geological formations and ensuring the stability of the borehole wall. The drilling device is flexible in use and can be used for rectangular pile construction in complex environments.

[0043] By using multiple horizontally arranged cutting drill bits combined into a rectangular cutting disc, it is possible to complete the entire cross-section of the pile hole in one go, resulting in high drilling efficiency.

[0044] The cross-section control bracket enables precise control of the pile hole cross-section, which can adapt to the size requirements of various rectangular pile holes, and the drill bit size can also be customized according to the usage requirements.

[0045] The cross-section control support is equipped with a swing shaft and a swing drive mechanism that serve as both connection and guidance. This drives the cutting drilling assembly to swing back and forth along the swing shaft, enabling cutting operations on the blind spots at the corners of rectangular pile holes without the need for additional trimming processes. This allows for continuous downward cutting through hard strata. The integrated design of the rectangular cutting drill bit assembly and power system optimizes the equipment structure and effectively improves its adaptability to various site and space conditions.

[0046] The intelligent control system can adjust the control parameters of the equipment in real time according to the geological conditions and design requirements, and can achieve precise control of drilling rate and slag circulation in different formations. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 is a perspective view (side view) of the intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 is a perspective view (bottom view) of the intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the main frame of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 is a top view of the main frame of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the cutting and drilling assembly of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 is a top view of the cutting and drilling assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the swing drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the anti-horizontal shear derrick of the present invention.

[0055] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0056] 1: Main frame; 1-1: Section control bracket; 1-2: Connector; 1-3: Swing shaft; 1-4: Shaft end bolt;

[0057] 2: Cutting and drilling assembly; 2-1: Rotary shaft; 2-2: Cutting tool body; 2-3: Power support; 2-4: Rotary shaft connector; 2-5: Through hole; 2-6: Sprocket; 2-7: Sprocket bracket; 2-8: Hydraulic drive motor; 2-9: Motor fastener; 2-10: Cutting drill bit assembly; 2-11: Torque sensor; 2-12: First limit switch; 2-13: First swing cylinder; 2-14: Second swing cylinder; 2-15: First high-pressure oil pipe; 2-16: Second high-pressure oil pipe; 2-17: Second limit switch;

[0058] 3: Anti-horizontal shear derrick; 3-1: Frame; 3-2: Diagonal brace; 3-3: Connecting bolts. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," etc., refer to the orientation shown in Figure 1.

[0060] The present invention provides an intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles, comprising an anti-horizontal shear derrick 3, a main frame 1, and a cutting and drilling assembly 2 connected in sequence. The anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 and the main frame 1 are both rectangular frame structures. The cutting and drilling assembly 2 includes multiple sets of cutting drill bits 2-10 arranged in the horizontal direction to form a rectangular cutting cutterhead.

[0061] A swing drive mechanism is connected between the main frame 1 and the cutting and drilling assembly 2. The swing drive mechanism drives the cutting and drilling assembly 2 to swing along the bottom surface of the main frame 1 to complete the cutting operation of the blind area at the corner of the rectangular pile hole. Then, based on the self-weight of the main frame 1 and the cutting and drilling assembly 2, continuous downward cutting of hard strata is achieved.

[0062] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0063] Referring to Figures 1-2, this embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent drilling device for rectangular piles, including an anti-horizontal shear derrick 3, a main frame 1, and a cutting drilling assembly 2 connected in sequence. The horizontal cross-sectional dimensions of the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 and the main frame 1 match the target pile hole size. The cutting drilling assembly 2 is used to drill and form a rectangular pile hole. The main frame 1 is equipped with a swing drive mechanism for driving the cutting drilling assembly 2 to swing horizontally, enabling the cutting drilling assembly 2 to swing along the bottom surface of the main frame 1 to achieve continuous cutting of the strata. It also includes an intelligent control system, which enables intelligent control of the drilling device.

[0064] Referring to Figures 3-4, the main frame 1 is a standard component welded from steel (angle steel or square steel), possessing sufficient strength to maintain its rectangular posture and shape during the drilling descent following the cutting and drilling assembly 2. The main frame 1 is used to control the hole size of the rectangular pile. The main frame 1 is compatible with the mainstream rectangular pile cross-sectional dimensions on the market and can be prefabricated into various standard components of different sizes according to actual needs.

[0065] The main frame 1 includes a rectangular frame structure section control bracket 1-1 and a swing shaft 1-3 that runs horizontally through both sides of the section control bracket 1-1. The horizontal section dimensions of the section control bracket 1-1 match the dimensions of the target pile hole. The two ends of the swing shaft 1-3 that run horizontally through the section control bracket 1-1 are fixed by shaft end bolts 1-4, keeping the swing shaft 1-3 within the section control bracket 1-1. The swing shaft 1-3 is used to connect the cutting drilling assembly 2 and serves as the guide shaft for the cutting drilling assembly 2. After drilling is completed and the hole is formed, the swing shaft 1-3 can be removed by loosening the shaft end bolts 1-4, allowing the cutting drilling assembly 2 to be taken out of the main frame 1 for cleaning, maintenance, and replacement.

[0066] Referring to Figures 5-6, the cutting and drilling assembly 2 includes: a power support 2-3 and multiple sets of horizontally arranged cutting drill bits 2-10. The power support 2-3 has through holes 2-5 on both sides that cooperate with the swing shaft 1-3. The two ends of the swing shaft 1-3 pass through the through holes 2-5 and are fixedly connected to the section control support 1-1, so that the power support 2-3 is slidably connected in the swing shaft 1-3.

[0067] The power support 2-3 is formed by welding steel plates and its size is smaller than that of the section control support 1-1. Through holes 2-5 are opened on the two transverse side walls of the power support 2-3 according to the position of the swing shaft 1-3 to form swing shaft sleeves. The power support 2-3 is placed inside the section control support 1-1 through the swing shaft 1-3. The internal space after the combination of the two can meet the swing amplitude and the cutting radius of the cutting drill bit group 2-10.

[0068] Each cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 includes: a horizontally positioned rotary shaft 2-1, and multiple cutting blades 2-2 arranged along the rotary shaft 2-1. The axial ends of the rotary shaft 2-1 are rotatably connected to the sidewall of the power support 2-3 via rotary shaft connectors 2-4. The axial ends of the rotary shaft 2-1 extend out of the sidewall of the power support 2-3, and at least one cutting blade 2-2 is provided at each extended end, enabling the cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 to accurately cut the corners of rectangular pile holes.

[0069] Each cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 also includes a sprocket 2-6, a sprocket bracket 2-7, and a hydraulic drive motor 2-8. The sprocket bracket 2-7 includes a connecting frame disposed opposite to each other and a sprocket shaft rotatably connected between the connecting frames. The connecting frame is welded and fixed to the top of the power support 2-3. The hydraulic drive motor 2-8 is fixed to the side wall of the sprocket bracket 2-7 by motor fasteners 2-9. The drive end of the hydraulic drive motor 2-8 is connected to the sprocket shaft to drive the sprocket shaft to rotate.

[0070] Each cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 is equipped with a high-torque hydraulic drive motor 2-8. The drive sprocket 2-6 is mounted on the hexagonal connection structure of the rotary shaft 2-1 and the sprocket shaft. The hydraulic drive motor 2-8 drives the drive sprocket 2-6, which in turn drives the rotary shaft 2-1 to rotate, thereby enabling the cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 to rotate for cutting and drilling operations.

[0071] The outer wall of the rotary shaft 2-1 has an external hexagonal connection structure. Each cutting blade 2-2 includes: radially distributed blade bodies and internal hexagonal mounting holes that mate with the rotary shaft 2-1. The cutting blade 2-2 is fitted onto the external hexagonal connection structure of the rotary shaft 2-1, thus connecting and fixing each cutting blade 2-2. The outer edge of the blade body is provided with a large-particle columnar alloy layer to increase the cutting force in soil layers and increase the hardness of the blade, enabling the cutting blade 2-2 to be used in harder rock layers. The cutting blade 2-2 can be disassembled, replaced, and cleaned.

[0072] To achieve one-time rectangular cross-section hole formation, a rectangular cutting head is formed by multiple horizontally arranged cutting drill bit groups 2-10. Two adjacent cutting drill bit groups 2-10 form a pair, and their rotation directions are opposite to achieve overall rotational torque balance of the rectangular cutting head.

[0073] Referring to Figure 7, the swing drive mechanism includes: a first swing cylinder 2-13 and a second swing cylinder 2-14 symmetrically arranged on the swing shaft 1-3, and a first limit switch 2-12 and a second limit switch 2-17. The first swing cylinder 2-13 and the second swing cylinder 2-14 are located inside the power support 2-3. The driving ends of the first swing cylinder 2-13 and the second swing cylinder 2-14 are respectively connected to two opposite side walls of the power support 2-3 to drive the power support 2-3 to move along the swing shaft 1-3 in a first direction or a second direction, where the first direction and the second direction are opposite. The first limit switch 2-12 and the second limit switch 2-17 are respectively arranged at both ends of the swing shaft 1-3. The first limit switch 2-12 and the second limit switch 2-17 are used to control the lateral swing amplitude of the cutting drilling assembly 2, so that the power support 2-3 moves between the first limit switch 2-12 and the second limit switch 2-17. By setting up a swing drive mechanism, the power support 2-3, driven by the first swing cylinder 2-13 and the second swing cylinder 2-14, drives the cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 to move along the swing shaft 1-3, realizing the reciprocating swing of the cutting drilling assembly 2 in the horizontal axis. Since the power support 2-3 and the drive sprocket 2-6 are set on the rotary shaft 2-1, their thickness creates a cutting blind zone. To solve this problem, under the drive of the first swing cylinder 2-13 and the second swing cylinder 2-14, the cutting drilling assembly 2 reciprocates in the horizontal axis through the swing shaft 1-3 to complete the cutting operation of the blind zone. Its swing amplitude is the same as the length of the cutting blind zone, thereby realizing continuous downward cutting of hard strata.

[0074] The first swing cylinder 2-13 and the second swing cylinder 2-14 are respectively connected to the first high-pressure oil pipe 2-15 and the second high-pressure oil pipe 2-16. The first high-pressure oil pipe 2-15 and the second high-pressure oil pipe 2-16 are used to provide high-pressure oil to the first swing cylinder 2-13 and the second swing cylinder 2-14.

[0075] The intelligent control system includes a torque sensor 2-11 for sensing the torque of the cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 and a controller. The torque sensor 2-11 is located at the end of the cutting cutter body 2-2 and can sense the torque applied to the cutting cutter body 2-2. The torque sensor 2-11 and the hydraulic drive motor 2-8 are connected to the controller via an electrical connection line. The torque sensor 2-11 transmits torque information to the controller via the electrical connection line. The controller can adjust the speed of the hydraulic drive motor 2-8 in real time according to a preset torque and speed adaptation relationship, realizing real-time intelligent control of the drilling rate of the cutting drill assembly 2 in different geological environments, taking into account both construction efficiency and safety and stability, and greatly improving the adaptability of the pile driver to different geological environments.

[0076] It also includes a slag removal system, which includes: multiple high-pressure water jet nozzles spaced apart at the cutting drill bit group 2-10, which simultaneously spray high-pressure water during cutting and rotate at high speed to mix into a slurry; and a high-flow mud pump installed on the section control support 1-1 and a slurry outlet hole connected to the mud pump, which is connected to a conventional slurry conveying pipeline and a slurry outlet pool, and vertical slag removal is achieved by using mud reverse circulation.

[0077] The intelligent control system also includes a shotcrete sensor installed at the slurry outlet end to detect the slurry flow rate and specific gravity. The shotcrete sensor is connected to the controller and transmits information to the controller. The controller receives the detection signal from the shotcrete sensor and determines the degree of slag discharge based on the slurry flow rate and specific gravity data, thereby adjusting the water spray volume of the high-pressure water gun nozzle to achieve intelligent control of reverse circulation slag discharge.

[0078] Referring to Figure 8, a connector 1-2 is provided at the top of the section control support 1-1. The connector 1-2 is used to connect the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3. The anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 includes a frame 3-1 and a diagonal brace 3-2. The frame 3-1 is formed by welding angle steel. The dimensions of the frame 3-1 match those of the section control support 1-1. The connector 1-2 is fixedly connected to the frame 3-1 by bolts.

[0079] The number of sections of the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 is selected according to the depth of the rectangular hole. Adjacent sections of the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 are fixedly connected by bolts. The diagonal brace 3-2 is welded and fixed to the side of the frame 3-1. The diagonal brace 3-2 has a cross-shaped structure and is used to ensure the anti-horizontal shear and anti-torsion performance of the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3.

[0080] During the drilling process of the cutting drilling assembly 2, the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 enters the rectangular pile hole. The anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 is segmented, and each segment is securely connected by connecting bolts 3-3. Since the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 needs to house high-pressure oil pipes, mud pipes, and sensor cables, each segment of the derrick can be configured as a symmetrical split structure and connected by threaded connections.

[0081] It also includes a gantry crane installed at the rectangular pile hole opening, i.e., a gantry crane equipment, which is a type of portal crane. The gantry crane is connected to the anti-horizontal shear frame 3, and is used to realize the lifting and moving of the entire hole-forming equipment.

[0082] It also includes a steel casing, which has a segmented structure. Each adjacent segment of the steel casing is detachably connected and is statically inserted into the pile hole.

[0083] During actual cutting and drilling operations, a steel casing is pre-inserted at the borehole opening under static pressure to increase the stability of the borehole wall in looser formations. The steel casing is segmented and detachable, and its installation is based on the required formation. Once the drilling depth reaches a better formation (plastic formation), it can be discontinued. Combined with the drilling and vertical slag removal of the aforementioned hole-forming equipment, the overall construction process of "drilling-wall protection-slag removal-hole formation" is realized. By using a quickly detachable steel casing, the excavation of the rectangular pile head and the penetration of the wall are synchronized, achieving integrated excavation and support and ensuring borehole stability. The steel casing is detachable and reusable, significantly reducing construction costs.

[0084] The construction operation steps of the hole-forming equipment are as follows:

[0085] Step 1: Equipment Installation

[0086] Select the appropriate model of main frame 1 and cutting and drilling assembly 2 according to the pile hole size. Pass the swing shaft 1-3 through the through hole 2-5, tighten the shaft end bolt 1-4, and fix the cutting and drilling assembly 2 as a whole inside the main frame 1. Check the cutting blade 2-2, drive sprocket 2-6, hydraulic drive motor 2-8, motor fasteners 2-9, etc., and prepare for drilling.

[0087] Select an anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 of appropriate size and number of sections according to the depth of the pile hole. Securely connect the bottom of the first section of the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 to the connecting piece 1-2 on the top of the main frame 1 with connecting bolts 3-3 to form a whole.

[0088] Step Two: Equipment Positioning

[0089] A gantry crane is installed at the pile hole opening. Using its lifting and movement, the assembled first section of the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3, the main frame 1, and the cutting and drilling assembly 2 are lifted, moved, and lowered as a whole and placed at the ground pile hole slot, thus realizing the overall movement and positioning of the equipment.

[0090] Step 3: Drilling - Support - Slag Removal

[0091] As the hydraulic drive motor 2-8 starts, it provides rotational power to the drive sprocket 2-6, causing the drive sprocket 2-6 to begin operating. The drive sprocket 2-6 directly acts on the rotary shaft 2-1, causing the rotary shaft 2-1 to start rotating, which in turn drives the cutting blade 2-2 to rotate and cut the soil layer. The two adjacent sets of cutting drill bits 2-10 rotate in opposite directions to ensure overall balance of the rotational torque of the rectangular cutting drilling assembly 2.

[0092] The high-pressure oil pump unit injects high-pressure oil into the first swing cylinder 2-13 through the first high-pressure oil pipe 2-15. The drive end of the first swing cylinder 2-13 drives the cutting and drilling assembly 2 to advance in the first direction, and the second swing cylinder 2-14 is forced to contract. The hydraulic oil inside it returns to the oil tank of the oil pump unit through the second high-pressure oil pipe 2-16 until the side wall of the cutting and drilling assembly 2 contacts the first limit switch 2-12. The first high-pressure oil pipe 2-15 automatically stops injecting oil into the first swing cylinder 2-13. At the same time, the high-pressure oil pump unit injects oil into the second swing cylinder 2-14 through the second high-pressure oil pipe 2-16. The second swing cylinder 2-14 pushes the cutting and drilling assembly 2 to move in the second direction opposite to the first direction, forcing the drive end of the first swing cylinder 2-13 to contract until the side wall of the cutting and drilling assembly 2 touches the second limit switch 2-17. This process is repeated to form the left and right swinging motion of the cutting and drilling assembly 2.

[0093] Under the influence of the large self-weight of the hydraulic drive motor 2-8 and the cutting and drilling assembly 2, each cutting drill bit group 2-10 can achieve continuous drilling and descent. The cutting drill bit group 2-10 is configured in even numbers, and can achieve rectangular cutting of the entire cross section in one go.

[0094] Based on the torque sensed by the torque sensor 2-11, the controller can adjust the speed of the hydraulic drive motor 2-8 according to the torque information transmitted by the torque sensor 2-11, so as to realize the real-time intelligent control of the drilling rate of the cutting drilling component 2 in different geological environments.

[0095] As the cutting drilling assembly 2 penetrates deeper, several high-pressure water jets segmented on the cutting drill bit assembly 2-10 begin to spray high-pressure water. Under the high-speed rotation of the cutting drill bit assembly 2-10, the high-pressure water mixes thoroughly with the cut rock and soil debris to form a mixed slurry. Part of this slurry forms a mud wall protection layer on the upper part of the hole where a free face has been formed, while the remainder, under the suction of a high-flow mud pump, enters the external conventional slurry delivery pipeline through the suction port and slurry outlet, eventually reaching the slurry outlet pool to complete the reverse circulation and debris removal of the mud. The slurry injection sensor can sense the flow rate and specific gravity of the slurry at the outlet, transmitting this information to the controller. The controller determines the degree of debris removal based on the slurry flow rate and specific gravity, and adjusts the water spray volume of the high-pressure water jets accordingly.

[0096] As the cutting drilling assembly 2 descends, the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3 enters the rectangular pile hole, and the number of sections increases sequentially with the drilling depth. The sections are securely connected by connecting bolts 3-3 to achieve reliable control of the rectangular cross-section and verticality of the pile hole.

[0097] During the drilling process of the cutting drilling component 2, vertical cuttings removal can be achieved simultaneously using mud reverse circulation. For loose formations at the borehole opening, steel casings can be statically inserted first to ensure borehole stability. The steel casings are connected in sections, and the number of sections is set according to the formation requirements. Once the drilling depth reaches a better formation, the sections can be removed. In summary, integrated step-by-step construction of drilling, support, and cuttings removal can be achieved.

[0098] Step 4: Drilling and Hole Completion

[0099] When the cutting and drilling assembly 2 drills to the designed pile hole depth, after the controller completes the slag removal by judging the slurry flow rate and slurry specific gravity, the lifting function of the gantry crane at the pile hole opening is used to lift the anti-horizontal shear derrick 3, main frame 1 and cutting and drilling assembly 2 that have entered the pile hole out of the pile hole.

[0100] After drilling, loosen the shaft end bolts 1-4, remove the swing shaft 1-3, and the cutting and drilling assembly 2 can be removed from the main frame 1 for cleaning, maintenance or replacement.

[0101] The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles provided by this invention employs multiple horizontally arranged cutting drill bits combined into a rectangular cutting disc, enabling one-time drilling of the entire cross-section of the pile hole with high efficiency. The internal support propulsion system allows for layered excavation of the rectangular pile core soil layer while ensuring one-time forming of the excavation cross-section, achieving precise control over pile quality. A cross-section control bracket 1-1 enables precise control of the pile hole cross-section, adapting to various rectangular pile hole size requirements, and allowing for customized drill bit sizes based on usage needs. The intelligent control system can adjust various control parameters of the equipment in real time according to geological conditions and design requirements, achieving precise control of drilling technology, speed, verticality, and other parameters in different strata. The integrated design of the rectangular drill bit assembly and power system optimizes the equipment structure and effectively improves the equipment's adaptability to site and space constraints.

[0102] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0103] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0104] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0105] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0106] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart drilling device for rectangular piles, characterized in that, include: Main frame (1), the main frame (1) includes: a rectangular frame structure section control bracket (1-1) and a swing shaft (1-3) that runs horizontally through both sides of the section control bracket (1-1); the horizontal section dimension of the section control bracket (1-1) matches the target pile hole dimension; cutting drilling assembly (2), the cutting drilling assembly (2) includes: a power bracket (2-3) and multiple sets of horizontally arranged cutting drill bits (2-10); the power bracket (2-3) is provided with a through hole (2-5), the power bracket (2-3) is sleeved on the swing shaft (1-3) through the through hole (2-5); swing drive mechanism, the swing drive mechanism includes: swing cylinders symmetrically arranged on the swing shaft (1-3) and limit switches, the swing cylinders are used for The power support (2-3) is driven by a limit switch to control the swing amplitude. An intelligent control system is included, comprising: a torque sensor (2-11) for sensing the torque of the cutting drill bit assembly (2-10) and a controller; the rotation directions of two adjacent cutting drill bit assemblies (2-10) are opposite; each cutting drill bit assembly (2-10) includes: a horizontally arranged rotary shaft (2-1), and a plurality of cutting blades (2-2) arranged along the rotary shaft (2-1); the axial ends of the rotary shaft (2-1) are rotatably connected to the sidewall of the power support (2-3); the axial ends of the rotary shaft (2-1) extend through the sidewall of the power support (2-3), and at least one cutting blade (2-2) is provided at each extended end.

2. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the rotating shaft (2-1) has an external hexagonal connection structure; the cutting blade body (2-2) includes radially distributed blade bodies and internal hexagonal mounting holes that mate with the rotating shaft (2-1); the outer edge of the blade body is provided with a large-particle columnar alloy layer.

3. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each cutting drill bit assembly (2-10) further includes a sprocket (2-6), a sprocket bracket (2-7), and a hydraulic drive motor (2-8); the sprocket bracket (2-7) includes a connecting frame arranged opposite to each other and a sprocket shaft rotatably connected between the connecting frames, the connecting frame being fixed to the top of the power support (2-3); the hydraulic drive motor (2-8) is fixed to the connecting frame, and the hydraulic drive motor (2-8) drives the sprocket shaft to rotate; the sprocket (2-6) is fitted onto the hexagonal connection structure of the rotary shaft (2-1) and the sprocket shaft to drive the rotary shaft (2-1) to rotate.

4. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The torque sensor (2-11) is disposed on the cutting blade body (2-2); the torque sensor (2-11) and the hydraulic drive motor (2-8) are connected to the controller via an electrical connection line; the controller receives the torque information from the torque sensor (2-11) and adjusts the rotation speed of the hydraulic drive motor (2-8) according to the torque information.

5. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swing drive mechanism also includes a high-pressure oil pipe connected to the swing cylinder for supplying high-pressure oil to the swing cylinder.

6. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a slag removal system, which comprises: multiple high-pressure water jet nozzles spaced apart on the cutting drill bit assembly (2-10), the high-pressure water jet nozzles synchronously spraying high-pressure water during cutting; and a high-flow mud pump mounted on the cross-section control bracket (1-1) and a slurry outlet connected to the mud pump, the slurry outlet being connected to a slurry delivery pipe; the intelligent control system further includes: a slurry spraying sensor mounted at the end of the slurry outlet, used to detect the slurry flow rate and specific gravity; the slurry spraying sensor is connected to the controller, the controller receiving the detection signal from the slurry spraying sensor and adjusting the water spray volume of the high-pressure water jet nozzles based on the flow rate and specific gravity data.

7. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple sections of continuously arranged anti-horizontal shear derricks (3), adjacent anti-horizontal shear derricks (3) are fixedly connected by bolts; the anti-horizontal shear derricks (3) include a frame (3-1) and diagonal braces (3-2); the size of the frame (3-1) matches the cross-section control support (1-1), the frame (3-1) is connected to the top of the cross-section control support (1-1); the diagonal braces (3-2) are fixedly arranged on the side of the frame (3-1).

8. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The swing shaft (1-3) is transversely penetrating both ends of the section control bracket (1-1) and is provided with shaft end bolts (1-4) for fixing the swing shaft (1-3) to the bottom of the section control bracket (1-1); the top of the section control bracket (1-1) is provided with a connector (1-2), and the frame (3-1) is fixedly connected to the connector (1-2) by bolts.

9. The intelligent drilling equipment for rectangular piles according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a gantry crane, which is installed at the target pile hole and is connected to the anti-horizontal shear derrick (3).

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