Curved surface conformal phased array directional diagram analysis method, system and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a curved surface conformal phased array directional diagram analysis method, system and device and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas. The method comprises the following steps: performing spherical harmonic function expansion on electric field pattern data of an antenna unit in a local coordinate system to obtain an analytical expression of a unit pattern under the local coordinate system; the unit pattern factors of all the antenna units under the global coordinate system can be obtained by using the analytical expression, then the pattern contributions of all the antenna units are obtained, and the curved surface conformal phased array beam scanning pattern is synthesized after superposition. According to the method, the simulation quantity is extremely small, the problem that calculation is slow when the number of interpolation points is large due to an interpolation method is solved, the calculation efficiency and precision are greatly improved, and the method can be applied to analysis of any curved surface conformal phased array directional diagram, especially application scenes with the large number of antenna units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and system for calculating the radiation pattern of a phased array, and more particularly to a method, system, device, and storage medium for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array, belonging to the field of phased array antenna technology. Background Technology

[0002] Phased arrays, with their core advantage of "electronically controlled beam direction," are widely used in radar, satellite communications, and mobile base stations. When a phased array is conformally integrated with its mounting platform, it forms a conformal phased array, which often exists in a curved surface form. Because the conformal phased array is integrated with the platform, it not only avoids generating additional drag and does not affect the platform's aerodynamic performance, but also overcomes installation space limitations compared to planar arrays, increasing antenna aperture and thus improving phased array gain. Furthermore, while the beam scanning range of traditional planar phased arrays is typically ±60°, conformal phased arrays, through the multi-directionality of their elements, can extend the beam scanning range to half-space or even full space. Due to the extremely high cost of manufacturing physical phased arrays, simulation calculations of their beam patterns can predict performance and guide research and design, serving as a crucial bridge between phased array design concepts and engineering applications.

[0003] In a conformal phased array, the orientation and polarization of each element differ, resulting in different vector radiation patterns for each element. Therefore, the radiation pattern factor of each element must be determined before the overall radiation pattern of the conformal phased array can be calculated.

[0004] However, existing technologies use electromagnetic simulation software to obtain the radiation pattern of each array element, resulting in a large simulation workload that is difficult to apply to the analysis of curved phased arrays with a large number of antenna elements. While interpolation methods are used to calculate the radiation field of all elements, the calculation is slow when there are many interpolation points, as each element requires interpolation. This hinders the real-time perception of environmental changes by communication and radar systems, thus preventing dynamic adjustment of wavenumber modes and real-time closed-loop control of the system. Furthermore, drones, microsatellites, and wearable devices have extreme limitations on size, weight, and power consumption, urgently requiring conformal antennas to save space. These devices also need to be equipped with suitable computing units to avoid overly bulky designs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Objective of the Invention: The objective of this invention is to provide a method and system for rapidly calculating the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array, particularly suitable for analyzing conformal phased arrays with a large number of antenna elements. Another objective of this invention is to provide an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium for implementing the above method.

[0006] Technical solution: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface is provided, comprising:

[0007] Based on the local coordinate system of each antenna element, the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element under the local coordinate system is expanded by spherical harmonic function to generate an analytical expression of the element radiation pattern under the local coordinate system. The local coordinate system is obtained based on the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array.

[0008] Based on the analytical expression, the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system is obtained;

[0009] Based on the element pattern factor in the global coordinate system, the beam scanning pattern of the conformal phased array is determined.

[0010] Optionally, the local coordinate system of each antenna element is established in the following manner:

[0011] The coordinate transformation matrix is ​​determined based on the positional relationship of the antenna elements in the global and local coordinate systems.

[0012] Based on the coordinate transformation matrix, the elements in an arbitrary surface array are transformed from the global coordinate system to the local coordinate system.

[0013] Optionally, the step of performing spherical harmonic expansion on the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element in the local coordinate system to generate an analytical expression for the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system includes:

[0014] The electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system is fitted using the spherical harmonic function as the basis function.

[0015] Based on the preset expansion order, the decomposition coefficients are calculated to obtain the spherical harmonic function expansion of the antenna element's radiation pattern in the local coordinate system, which is the analytical expression of the element's radiation pattern in the local coordinate system.

[0016] Optionally, the expansion order is set according to the following steps:

[0017] The electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system is compared with the pattern generated based on the spherical harmonic function expansion, and a pattern is selected such that the absolute error between the two is less than 1. The minimum order of expansion is taken as the expansion order.

[0018] Optionally, obtaining the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the analytical expression includes:

[0019] Map the global observation direction to the local coordinate system of the antenna element;

[0020] The element orientation pattern of the global observation direction in the local coordinate system is obtained from the analytical expression of the element orientation pattern in the local coordinate system.

[0021] The unit pattern factor in the global coordinate system is obtained by performing coordinate transformation on the unit pattern of the global observation direction in the local coordinate system.

[0022] Optionally, determining the surface conformal phased array beam scanning pattern based on the element pattern factor in the global coordinate system includes:

[0023] The element pattern factor in the global coordinate system is expressed in the form of polarization components in the spherical coordinate system, thus obtaining the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system.

[0024] The radiation pattern contribution of each antenna element is obtained by multiplying the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system with the corresponding array space factor and excitation coefficient; wherein, the excitation coefficient is determined according to the beam scanning requirements.

[0025] The beam scanning pattern is obtained by superimposing the radiation pattern contributions of all antenna elements.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a surface conformal phased array pattern analysis system is provided, comprising:

[0027] The spherical harmonic expansion module is used to expand the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element in the local coordinate system based on the local coordinate system of each antenna element, and generate an analytical expression of the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system. The local coordinate system is obtained based on the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array.

[0028] The pattern factor calculation module is used to obtain the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the analytical expression generated by the spherical harmonic expansion module.

[0029] The beam scanning pattern generation module is used to determine the beam scanning pattern of the conformal phased array based on the unit pattern factor in the global coordinate system.

[0030] Optionally, the system further includes a coordinate module for establishing the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array and the local coordinate system of each antenna element, and obtaining the coordinate transformation of the antenna elements between the global coordinate system and the local coordinate system.

[0031] Considering that a higher expansion order results in a closer approximation of the electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system, while a closer fit based on the spherical harmonic function also leads to a greater computational burden, the spherical harmonic expansion module preferably performs the following steps when expanding the spherical harmonic function:

[0032] Obtain electric field pattern data of an antenna element in a local coordinate system obtained through simulation or testing, and perform a spherical harmonic function expansion on it. The expansion order is set such that the absolute error between the electric field pattern data and the pattern generated based on the spherical harmonic function expansion is less than 1 / 3. The minimum value;

[0033] The spherical harmonic function expansion is used as the analytical expression for the element pattern in the local coordinate system.

[0034] Optionally, the pattern factor calculation module includes:

[0035] The local coordinate system pattern factor calculation unit is used to map the global observation direction to the local coordinate system and input it into the spherical harmonic expansion module to obtain the unit pattern data corresponding to the global observation direction in each local coordinate system.

[0036] The global coordinate system pattern factor calculation unit is used to obtain the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the element pattern data corresponding to the global observation direction in the local coordinate system and the coordinate transformation matrix of the antenna element between the global coordinate system and the local coordinate system.

[0037] Optionally, the beam scanning pattern generation module performs the following steps when calculating the beam scanning pattern of a conformal phased array:

[0038] The element pattern factor in the global coordinate system is expressed in the form of polarization components in the spherical coordinate system, thus obtaining the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system.

[0039] The radiation pattern contribution of each antenna element is obtained by multiplying the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system with the corresponding array space factor and excitation coefficient; wherein, the excitation coefficient is determined according to the beam scanning requirements.

[0040] The radiation pattern contributions of all antenna elements are superimposed to synthesize the beam scanning radiation pattern.

[0041] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement some or all of the steps in the above-described conformal phased array pattern analysis method.

[0042] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps in the above-described conformal phased array pattern analysis method.

[0043] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0044] 1. Significantly Reduced Computation Time: Since phased arrays use the same antenna elements, this invention can obtain the analytical expression of the element pattern in the local coordinate system based on the expansion of spherical harmonic functions after a single simulation. Furthermore, it avoids the interpolation process, reducing the beam scanning pattern calculation time from hours to seconds, greatly reducing computational resource costs. This is beneficial for the future automated and intelligent design of high-performance conformal arrays and makes it possible to calculate complex wavenumber shapes in real time on embedded processors. It breaks through the computational bottleneck that has long constrained the development of the aforementioned technologies, facilitating the transformation from a few high-end static application technologies with excessively high computational costs to dynamic, real-time, and intelligent universal technologies.

[0045] 2. Greater applicability: This invention does not require simulation or interpolation for each antenna element, so it is suitable for calculating the radiation pattern of conformal phased arrays on arbitrary curved surfaces. In particular, it can maintain high performance in a shorter computation time for phased arrays with a large number of antenna elements.

[0046] 3. Higher accuracy and convenience: Compared with the calculation using antenna theory analytical formulas (such as transmission line model, cavity mode model, etc.), after obtaining the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system, the present invention only needs to use the spherical harmonic function expansion formula to quickly obtain more accurate element radiation pattern data. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conformal phased array and coordinate system of the curved surface in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is the electromagnetic simulation pattern of an antenna element in a conformal phased array on a curved surface in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 The radiation pattern generated by an antenna element of a conformal phased array based on the spherical harmonic function expansion in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 For the conformal phased array of curved surfaces in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Beam scanning pattern in a plane;

[0052] Figure 6 For the conformal phased array of curved surfaces in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Beam scanning pattern in a plane;

[0053] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the conformal phased array and coordinate system of the curved surface in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A curved conformal phased array consists of identical antenna elements. This embodiment uses a cylindrical array as an example for description, such as... Figure 2 As shown, N circumferential ring arrays are distributed along the X-axis, with a spacing of d between adjacent ring arrays. M antenna elements are uniformly distributed on each ring array. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above limitations are merely illustrative, and this patent is not limited to this specific application scenario.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface includes the following steps.

[0058] S1: Based on the local coordinate system of each antenna element, the element radiation pattern data of one antenna element in the local coordinate system is expanded using spherical harmonic functions to generate an analytical expression for the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system. Based on this expansion, the element radiation pattern factors of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system can be obtained quickly.

[0059] S10: The local coordinate system is obtained based on the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array, specifically including:

[0060] S101: Determine the coordinate transformation matrix based on the positional relationship of the antenna elements in the global coordinate system and the local coordinate system.

[0061] In such Figure 2 On the conformal phased array shown, O is selected as the origin of the coordinate system, and a global coordinate system O-XYZ is established. Then the coordinates of element i in the global coordinate system are (xi, yi, zi).

[0062] The coordinates (xi, yi, zi) are the origin of the local coordinate system. Establish the local coordinate system of element i - .

[0063] Typically, the rotation relationship from the array's global Cartesian coordinate system to the element's local Cartesian coordinate system can be obtained through a cubic Euler rotation transformation, with the corresponding transformation matrix... As shown in the formula below:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, for the first time, the Z-axis of the global rectangular coordinate system is used as the rotation axis, and the rotation angle is... The second rotation is based on the X-axis of the new rectangular coordinate system, with a rotation angle of [missing value]. The third rotation uses the Z-axis of the new rectangular coordinate system after the second rotation as the rotation axis, and the rotation angle is... .

[0066] In this embodiment, the local coordinate system can be obtained by rotating around the X-axis of the global coordinate system O-XYZ. - Therefore, in the rotation transformation matrix and When all are equal to 0, the rotation transformation matrix is:

[0067]

[0068] in, Let be the angle by which the i-th local coordinate system rotates relative to the global coordinate system around the X-axis.

[0069] S102: Based on the coordinate transformation matrix, transform the elements in the arbitrary surface array from the global coordinate system to the local coordinate system.

[0070] The step of performing spherical harmonic expansion on the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element in the local coordinate system to generate an analytical expression for the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system includes:

[0071] S11: Electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system using spherical harmonics as the basis function. Perform fitting.

[0072] The methods for obtaining the electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system include, but are not limited to, full-wave simulation and testing. In this embodiment, the electric field pattern data of the element in the local coordinate system is obtained by HFSS software simulation. ,in This indicates the location of the observation point for the electric field pattern. For observation point and Angle between axes For observation point and Angle between axes.

[0073] Let the electric field direction pattern data be set Given a linear combination of spherical harmonics, the expression is:

[0074]

[0075] =

[0076] in, For vectors, containing , and Three polarization components; The decomposition coefficients; It is a spherical harmonic function. For the accompanying Legendre polynomial, l is the expansion order ( (where m is an integer), and m is the accompanying parameter.

[0077] The decomposition coefficients It is possible Obtained through calculation.

[0078] S12: Calculate the decomposition coefficients based on the preset expansion order to obtain the analytical expression of the element pattern in the local coordinate system.

[0079] To balance computational efficiency and accuracy, the expansion order l is set according to the following steps:

[0080] The electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system The radiation pattern generated based on the expansion of the spherical harmonic function Compare them and select the ones that make the absolute error between them less than 1. The minimum order of expansion is taken as the expansion order.

[0081] In this embodiment, Selecting 10, the results of element pattern simulation and spherical harmonic function expansion are as follows: Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the proposed radiation pattern based on spherical harmonic function expansion is consistent with the simulation results. This yields the analytical form of the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system.

[0082] S2: Based on the analytical expression, obtain the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system. The element pattern factor can characterize the radiation contribution of each antenna element in the global coordinate system.

[0083] Further, step S2 includes:

[0084] S21: Change the global observation direction Mapped to the local coordinate system of the antenna element.

[0085] In this embodiment, take Transform to the i-th local coordinate system, as shown in the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Then the global observation direction Representation in a local rectangular coordinate system ( The corresponding angle is , .

[0088] S22: Obtain the element radiation pattern corresponding to the global observation direction in the local coordinate system based on the analytical expression of the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system:

[0089] Substituting the mapping result from step S21 into the analytical expression generated in step S12, we obtain the position of element i in the local coordinate system. - The element pattern corresponding to the global observation direction below. .

[0090] S23: The element pattern factor in the global coordinate system is obtained by performing coordinate transformation on the element pattern corresponding to the global observation direction in the local coordinate system. Specifically, this includes:

[0091] Multiply by the transpose of the transformation matrix Ri The element pattern factor in the global coordinate system of element i is obtained. It contains polarization components in three Cartesian coordinate systems. , and ; .

[0092] S3: Determine the beam scanning pattern of the conformal phased array based on the unit pattern factor in the global coordinate system.

[0093] S31: Express the element pattern factor in the global coordinate system using the polarization components in spherical coordinate system to obtain the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system, i.e.:

[0094] Polarization components of the three Cartesian coordinate systems , and Convert to and The polarization components in spherical coordinates are used to obtain the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system. The transformation relationship is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] S32: Combine the polarization pattern factor of the unit spherical coordinates in the global coordinate system with the corresponding array space factor. and incentive coefficient Multiplying these together yields the radiation pattern contribution of each antenna element.

[0097] Among them, the incentive coefficient , This refers to the beam scanning angle.

[0098] The excitation coefficient is determined based on beam scanning requirements.

[0099] S33: Superimpose the radiation pattern contributions of all antenna elements to obtain the beam scanning radiation pattern.

[0100] See Figure 5 , 6 The two are respectively conformal phased arrays of curved surfaces in YOZ ( and The beam scanning patterns in the YOZ plane illustrate the characteristics of a curved phased array beam scanning in the YOZ plane. The antenna elements rotate around the X-axis to form a cylindrical array, thus exhibiting beam scanning characteristics in the YOZ plane. The plane has the capability of full-space beam scanning.

[0101] This invention also provides a surface conformal phased array pattern analysis system, comprising:

[0102] The spherical harmonic expansion module is used to expand the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element in the local coordinate system based on the local coordinate system of each antenna element, and generate an analytical expression of the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system. The local coordinate system is obtained based on the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array.

[0103] The pattern factor calculation module is used to obtain the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the analytical expression generated by the spherical harmonic expansion module.

[0104] The beam scanning pattern generation module is used to determine the beam scanning pattern of the conformal phased array based on the unit pattern factor in the global coordinate system.

[0105] In one embodiment, the system further includes a coordinate module for establishing a global coordinate system for the conformal phased array and a local coordinate system for each antenna element, and obtaining the coordinate transformation of the antenna elements between the global and local coordinate systems.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment, the spherical harmonic expansion module performs spherical harmonic function expansion according to the following steps:

[0107] Obtain electric field pattern data of an antenna element in a local coordinate system obtained through simulation or testing, and perform a spherical harmonic function expansion on it. The expansion order is set such that the absolute error between the electric field pattern data and the pattern generated based on the spherical harmonic function expansion is less than 1 / 3. The minimum value.

[0108] By performing spherical harmonic function expansion, we obtain the element pattern expression in analytical form in the local coordinate system. :

[0109]

[0110] =

[0111] in, For vectors, containing , and Three polarization components; The decomposition coefficients; It is a spherical harmonic function. For the accompanying Legendre polynomial, l is the expansion order ( (where m is an integer), and m is the accompanying parameter.

[0112] The orientation pattern factor calculation module includes:

[0113] The local coordinate system orientation pattern factor calculation unit is used to map the global observation direction to the local coordinate system and input it into the spherical harmonic expansion module to obtain the unit orientation pattern corresponding to the global observation direction in each local coordinate system.

[0114] The global coordinate system pattern factor calculation unit is used to obtain the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the pattern data corresponding to the global observation direction in the local coordinate system and the coordinate transformation matrix of the antenna elements between the global coordinate system and the local coordinate system.

[0115] The beam scanning pattern generation module performs the following steps when calculating the beam scanning pattern of a conformal phased array beam:

[0116] The element pattern factor in the global coordinate system is expressed in the form of polarization components in spherical coordinates, resulting in the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system:

[0117]

[0118] in, , and The element pattern factor of element i in the global coordinate system The three rectangular coordinate system polarization components.

[0119] The radiation pattern contribution of each antenna element is obtained by multiplying the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system by the corresponding array space factor and excitation coefficient; wherein, the array space factor is... The excitation coefficient is The beam scanning angle is determined based on beam scanning requirements. Then the excitation function at this time ;

[0120] The radiation pattern contributions of all antenna elements are superimposed to synthesize the beam scanning radiation pattern.

[0121] Experimental results show that for the 512 antenna elements of the conformal phased array in this embodiment, the method based on this invention can achieve second-level output of the phased array beam scanning pattern; while calculating the same scale array using interpolation requires hours. Therefore, the computation time of this invention is far less than that of existing technologies, which is of great significance for the research and development, design, testing and verification, real-time application and adaptive aspects of new antennas or phased arrays. For example, for phased array radar, the beam scanning mode is usually preset. Using the method and system of this invention, after the location of the interference source is sensed in real time, a completely new beam pattern with a "null" in the direction of interference can be recalculated and generated within seconds, thereby perfectly avoiding the interference.

[0122] Example 2

[0123] This embodiment uses the calculation of the radiation pattern of a cone-shaped phased array as an example, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the cone has a vertex angle δ, and the entire cone surface has N circular arrays from top to bottom, where the nth circular array has M rings arranged at equal intervals. n There are several units, and the radius of the first circle is R1. The establishment of the global coordinate system O-XYZ includes: [The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops as well.] Figure 7 On the curved conformal phased array shown, O is selected as the origin of the coordinate system, and the coordinates of element i in the global coordinate system are denoted as (xi, yi, zi), which is the m-th element of the n-th ring of the conical conformal array.

[0124] The coordinates (xi, yi, zi) are the origin of the local coordinate system. Establish the local coordinate system of element i - .

[0125] The rotation relationship from the array's global Cartesian coordinate system to the element's local Cartesian coordinate system can be obtained through a cubic Euler rotation transformation, with the corresponding transformation matrix... As shown in the formula below:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, for the first time, the Z-axis of the global rectangular coordinate system is used as the rotation axis, and the rotation angle is... The second rotation is based on the X-axis of the new rectangular coordinate system, with a rotation angle of [missing value]. The third rotation uses the Z-axis of the new rectangular coordinate system after the second rotation as the rotation axis, and the rotation angle is... .

[0128] In this embodiment, the rotation transformation matrix... , , .

[0129] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0130] To implement the aforementioned conformal phased array pattern analysis method, this invention also provides an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium.

[0131] The electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements some or all of the steps in the above-described conformal phased array pattern analysis method.

[0132] The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps in the above-described conformal phased array pattern analysis method.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0134] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0135] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0136] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0137] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0138] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the local coordinate system of each antenna element, the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element under the local coordinate system is expanded by spherical harmonic function to generate an analytical expression of the element radiation pattern under the local coordinate system. The local coordinate system is obtained based on the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array. Based on the analytical expression, the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system is obtained; Based on the element pattern factor in the global coordinate system, the beam scanning pattern of the conformal phased array is determined.

2. The method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local coordinate system of each antenna element is established in the following way: The coordinate transformation matrix is ​​determined based on the positional relationship of the antenna elements in the global and local coordinate systems. Based on the coordinate transformation matrix, the elements in an arbitrary surface array are transformed from the global coordinate system to the local coordinate system.

3. The method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing spherical harmonic expansion on the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element in the local coordinate system to generate an analytical expression for the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system includes: The electric field pattern data of the antenna element in the local coordinate system is fitted using the spherical harmonic function as the basis function; the decomposition coefficients are calculated based on the preset expansion order to obtain the analytical expression of the element pattern in the local coordinate system.

4. The method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the element pattern factors of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the analytical expression includes: Map the global observation direction to the local coordinate system of the antenna element; The element orientation pattern corresponding to the global observation direction in the local coordinate system is obtained based on the analytical expression of the element orientation pattern in the local coordinate system. The unit pattern factor in the global coordinate system is obtained by performing coordinate transformation on the unit pattern corresponding to the global observation direction in the local coordinate system.

5. The method for analyzing the radiation pattern of a conformal phased array on a curved surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the surface conformal phased array beam scanning pattern based on the element pattern factor in the global coordinate system includes: The element pattern factor in the global coordinate system is expressed in the form of polarization components in the spherical coordinate system, thus obtaining the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system. The radiation pattern contribution of each antenna element is obtained by multiplying the element spherical coordinate polarization pattern factor in the global coordinate system with the corresponding array space factor and excitation coefficient; wherein, the excitation coefficient is determined according to the beam scanning requirements. The beam scanning pattern is obtained by superimposing the radiation pattern contributions of all antenna elements.

6. A surface conformal phased array pattern analysis system, characterized in that, The system includes: The spherical harmonic expansion module is used to expand the element radiation pattern data of an antenna element in the local coordinate system based on the local coordinate system of each antenna element, and generate an analytical expression of the element radiation pattern in the local coordinate system. The local coordinate system is obtained based on the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array. The pattern factor calculation module is used to obtain the element pattern factor of all antenna elements in the global coordinate system based on the analytical expression generated by the spherical harmonic expansion module. The beam scanning pattern generation module is used to determine the beam scanning pattern of the conformal phased array based on the unit pattern factor in the global coordinate system.

7. The surface conformal phased array pattern analysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system also includes a coordinate module, which is used to establish the global coordinate system of the conformal phased array and the local coordinate system of each antenna element, and to obtain the coordinate transformation of the antenna element between the global coordinate system and the local coordinate system.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the surface conformal phased array pattern analysis method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the surface conformal phased array pattern analysis method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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