Nose clip type cardio-pulmonary resuscitation quality detection device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a nose clip type cardio-pulmonary resuscitation quality detection device and a working method thereof.The device adopts a U-shaped body design, nose clip arms on the two sides are integrated with sensor cavities, temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, posture, red light and infrared light acquisition units and a controller are arranged in the device, and all the units are connected through cables. The controller derives the respiratory rate and the respiratory intensity through temperature and humidity changes, the lung gas exchange efficiency is calculated through the carbon dioxide concentration, the respiratory airflow dynamic state is analyzed based on the three-axis acceleration and the angular momentum, and meanwhile the peripheral pulse rate and the blood oxygen state are analyzed by means of light intensity signals. By adopting the device, the nonlinear precise evaluation of the CPR quality is realized, and the error of a rough linear model is avoided; signals are stably obtained under the low-perfusion condition, and the defect that a traditional detection means fails is overcome; and auxiliary respiration and blood flow parameters are provided for the AED system, the misjudgment risk caused by electrocardio interference is reduced, and therefore the first-aid effect and safety are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, specifically to the technical field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation medical devices, and particularly relates to a nose clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main emergency measures for cardiac arrest at present include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), drug injection and external defibrillation (AED), among which CPR is the core means in the global standard emergency system due to its economy, easy implementation and effectiveness. Standard CPR takes 24 seconds as one treatment link, including 18 seconds of about 30 times of chest compression and 6 seconds of twice artificial respiration. Whether used alone or combined with drugs and AED defibrillation, it needs to be continuously performed. It simulates the cardiopulmonary function through external compression to provide necessary oxygen and nutrients for the brain and important organs. In order to evaluate the quality of CPR, some AED devices use compression depth and frequency to calculate compression quality index. In addition, some studies point out that the measurement indicators of better CPR quality should include peripheral blood pulse wave, exhaled carbon dioxide concentration, etc., but there is currently a lack of convenient detection tools. The finger blood oxygen probe equipped with some AEDs cannot effectively obtain data under low perfusion conditions and can only be used to confirm the cardiac arrest state.

[0003] There are many problems to be solved in the existing cardiac arrest emergency technology system: in the implementation of CPR, the rescue quality is low due to improper compression method, inaccurate position, abnormal frequency and intensity, etc. in the emergency scene, which not only cannot effectively supply blood, but also may aggravate the patient's condition. In the application of AED, continuous compression during ECG analysis can easily cause analysis errors, leading to misdefibrillation or missed defibrillation. Its recognition algorithm is not absolutely accurate, and there is a risk of misjudgment of heart rhythm in extreme cases. When the ECG signal is seriously disturbed, the AED lacks auxiliary diagnostic signal support, and analysis interruption or error output is easy to occur. In the field of CPR quality evaluation, the existing calculation method is based on rough assumptions, regarding compression depth and cardiac output as a linear relationship, which does not conform to the actual quadratic curve fitting relationship, and the accuracy of the evaluation result is insufficient. The ideal evaluation indicators based on peripheral pulse wave and exhaled carbon dioxide concentration are difficult to popularize and apply in clinical emergency due to the lack of convenient extraction tools and equipment. The existing detection means such as finger blood oxygen probe cannot effectively obtain data under the condition of low perfusion of blood flow of cardiac arrest patients, and cannot realize accurate evaluation of CPR quality.

[0004] It can be seen that there are problems such as rough CPR quality evaluation method, lack of accurate evaluation means, and AED defibrillation recognition being easily disturbed and lacking effective auxiliary diagnostic signals in the current cardiac arrest emergency. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device and a working method thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical content: The nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device comprises a U-shaped body in a nasal clip type. Both sides of the U-shaped body are connected with nasal clip arms, and the bottom of the U-shaped body is connected with a cable. The top of each of the two nasal clip arms is provided with a sensor cavity. The sensor cavity is internally provided with a sensor group and a controller. The sensor group comprises a temperature and humidity acquisition unit, a carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, a posture acquisition unit and a red light and infrared light acquisition unit, which are connected with the controller respectively. The cable is connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the posture acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit and the controller respectively. The temperature and humidity acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow. The carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit is used for acquiring the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow. The posture acquisition unit is used for acquiring the three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum of the respiratory airflow. The red light and infrared light acquisition unit is used for acquiring the light intensity signals of the red light and infrared light transmitted through the interval between the two nostrils. The controller is used for calculating the respiratory rate and respiratory strength according to the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow, calculating the pulmonary carbon dioxide exchange metabolic rate and degree according to the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow, calculating the respiratory airflow strength and respiratory rate according to the three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum of the respiratory airflow, and calculating the peripheral blood vessel pulse rate, blood cell oxygen carrying and hypoxia degree according to the light intensity signals of the red light and infrared light.

[0007] Further, the nasal clip arm adopts a hollow tubular structure, one end of the cable is connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the posture acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit and the controller after penetrating through the nasal clip arm, and the other end is used for connecting an automatic external defibrillator, an automatic cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument or a CPR parameter display system.

[0008] Further, the other end of the cable is configured as a USB interface, and the USB interface comprises a USB Type-A or Type-C model.

[0009] Further, two sensor cavities are encapsulated with printed circuit board assemblies; the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the posture acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit and the controller are distributed on the two printed circuit board assemblies.

[0010] Further, a power supply circuit is arranged on any printed circuit board assembly; the input end of the power supply circuit is connected with the cable, and the output end is connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the posture acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit and the controller respectively.

[0011] Further, The temperature and humidity acquisition unit adopts a temperature and humidity sensor, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit adopts a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the posture acquisition unit adopts a posture sensor, and the red light and infrared light acquisition unit includes a red light infrared light emitting diode and a red light infrared light receiving sensor. The sensor cavity includes at least one temperature and humidity sensor, one carbon dioxide concentration sensor and one posture sensor. The red light infrared light emitting diode is arranged in one sensor cavity, and the red light infrared light receiving sensor is arranged in the other sensor cavity.

[0012] Further, a plurality of air holes are formed in the sensor cavity along the nasal airway direction, wherein the air holes include air inlet holes on one side of the sensor cavity and air outlet holes on the other side of the sensor cavity. Two light transmission holes are formed on the inner sides of the two sensor cavities respectively, and the two light transmission holes are symmetrically arranged, for transmitting the red light and infrared light emitted by the red light infrared light emitting diode to the red light infrared light receiving sensor.

[0013] Further, the two sensor cavities are connected through a power supply connection line and a communication bus.

[0014] Further, the controller adopts a single-chip microcomputer, which can control the sampling frequency of the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the posture acquisition unit and the red light and infrared light acquisition unit, can control the red light and infrared light acquisition unit to emit red light and infrared light separately at a preset interval, and can filter the collected signals. The single-chip microcomputer is configured with a Bluetooth ceramic antenna for wireless communication with external devices.

[0015] A working method of a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, based on the above nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, comprising: Placing two sensor cavities in the nasal cavity; Transmitting the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow collected by the temperature and humidity acquisition unit to the controller; transmitting the collected carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow to the controller through the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit; transmitting the collected three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum of the respiratory airflow to the controller through the posture acquisition unit; transmitting the collected light intensity signals of the red light and infrared light transmitted through the two nostril intervals to the controller through the red light and infrared light acquisition unit; The controller calculates the respiratory rate and respiratory strength according to the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow, calculates the pulmonary carbon dioxide exchange metabolic rate and degree according to the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow, calculates the respiratory airflow strength and respiratory rate according to the three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum of the respiratory airflow, and calculates the peripheral vascular pulse rate, blood cell oxygenation and hypoxia degree according to the light intensity signals of the red light and infrared light.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, which adopts a U-shaped body design, two side nasal clip arms integrated with sensor cavities, and contains temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, posture, red light and infrared light acquisition units and a controller, and connects each unit through a cable. The controller derives the respiratory rate and respiratory strength through the temperature and humidity change, calculates the pulmonary gas exchange efficiency by using the carbon dioxide concentration, analyzes the respiratory airflow dynamics based on the three-axis acceleration and angular momentum, and analyzes the peripheral pulse rate and blood oxygen state with the help of the light intensity signals. Therefore, the present application provides multi-dimensional real-time data in emergency, accurately captures key indicators such as exhaled carbon dioxide and peripheral pulse wave, realizes nonlinear accurate evaluation of CPR quality, avoids rough linear model error, stably acquires signals under low perfusion conditions, makes up for the defects of traditional detection methods, provides auxiliary breathing and blood flow parameters for AED system, reduces the risk of misjudgment caused by electrocardio interference, and improves the emergency effect and safety.

[0017] The application also provides a working method of the nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, based on the nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, the method places the nasal clip arm sensor cavity in the nasal cavity, synchronously collects the temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, three-axis acceleration and angular momentum of respiratory airflow, and the double-color light intensity signal penetrating through the nasal septum, and transmits to the controller for real-time calculation. The controller fuses multiple source signals: uses the dynamic change characteristics of temperature and humidity to analyze the respiratory rhythm and intensity, accurately deduces the lung gas exchange efficiency based on the carbon dioxide concentration change rate, combines the three-axis motion data to eliminate the body position interference and assist in calculating the respiratory parameters, and simultaneously extracts the pulse wave and blood oxygen saturation data in the low perfusion state through the double-spectrum signal penetration characteristics. The method realizes multi-dimensional accurate evaluation of the CPR quality on the scene of first aid: breaks through the limitation of the traditional linear model, establishes a nonlinear evaluation system through the double core indexes of exhaled carbon dioxide concentration and peripheral pulse wave; overcomes the monitoring obstacles under the condition of low blood perfusion, provides real-time feedback for the CPR compression effect; the synchronously output respiratory and blood oxygen parameters can also be used as auxiliary diagnosis signals for AED defibrillation decision, effectively reduces the risk of electrocardiogram misjudgment, and thus systematically improves the success rate and safety of cardiac arrest treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device provided for an embodiment of the application is provided. Figure 2 A functional architecture block diagram of a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device provided for an embodiment of the application is provided. Figure 3 A circuit schematic diagram of a sensor group in a left sensor cavity provided for an embodiment of the application is provided. Figure 4 A circuit schematic diagram of a sensor group in a right sensor cavity provided for an embodiment of the application is provided.

[0019] Reference signs: 100, nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device; 110, cable; 120, nasal clip arm; 130, sensor cavity; 131, air inlet hole; 132, air outlet hole; 133, light transmission hole; 200, power supply circuit; 210, power supply connection line; 300, single-chip microcomputer; 310, communication bus; 400, sensor group; 4101, first temperature and humidity sensor; 4201, red light infrared light emitting diode; 4301, first carbon dioxide concentration sensor; 4102, second temperature and humidity sensor; 4202, red light infrared light receiving sensor; 4302, second carbon dioxide concentration sensor; 440, attitude sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present application, technical solutions and beneficial effects clearer, the following specific embodiments are used to further describe the present application in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0021] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present application, technical solutions and beneficial effects clearer, the following specific embodiments are used to further describe the present application in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that: similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0024] The technical terms involved in the present application are explained as follows: CPR: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, i.e. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

[0025] AED: Automated External Defibrillator, i.e. Automated External Defibrillator.

[0026] PCBA: Printed Circuit Board Assembly, i.e. Printed Circuit Board Assembly.

[0027] As mentioned in the background, the actual compression depth and the volume of blood pumped are not linear, but a quadratic curve fitting relationship, and a more optimized CQI calculation formula uses a fitting formula instead of the direct (50-Dcpr) depth difference. The actual compression quality detection and evaluation of CPR should be measured by whether the peripheral blood vessels have a normal pulse wave intensity and pulse rate, and whether the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled gas in each breath has a normal level of change as the measure of CPR quality. However, the industry lacks such means to facilitate the extraction of compression quality during CPR. In recent years, some AEDs are equipped with a finger blood oxygen probe to detect whether CPR provides passive blood circulation to peripheral blood vessels by reading the changes in finger blood oxygen; this is a relatively easy to implement CPR quality detection method. However, the algorithm of a general finger blood oxygen probe is difficult to calculate effective blood oxygen saturation value under the condition of low perfusion of blood flow in cardiac arrest state, so the probe is only used to verify whether the patient is in cardiac arrest state, to confirm or verify the rhythm recognition result of the AED, and cannot accurately evaluate the compression quality of CPR.

[0028] To solve the above problems, the embodiment provides a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device. The detection device can accurately measure the carbon dioxide concentration of exhaled gas during breathing, detect and measure the oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange degree in the patient's lungs during CPR; and by measuring the changes in temperature and humidity of inhaled air and exhaled air, the frequency, intensity and chest recoil compliance during each breath of the patient's lung air circulation are detected and measured; by measuring the changes in infrared light absorption rate of oxygenated hemoglobin and red light absorption rate of deoxygenated hemoglobin in capillary blood cells in the tissue between the two nostrils, the patient's CPR simulated pulse rate and blood oxygen carrying rate, and the degree of peripheral tissue hypoxia are detected and measured; and by a three-axis acceleration sensor, information such as respiratory airflow sound and patient head movement is detected to detect information of respiratory intensity and respiratory rate.

[0029] The embodiment provides a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, which comprises a U-shaped body comprising a nasal clip; nasal clip arms 120 are connected to the two sides of the U-shaped body, and a cable 110 is connected to the bottom of the U-shaped body; a sensor cavity 130 is arranged at the top of each of the two nasal clip arms 120; a sensor group 400 and a controller are arranged in the sensor cavity 130; the sensor group 400 comprises a temperature and humidity acquisition unit, a carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, a posture acquisition unit and a red light and infrared light acquisition unit which are connected with the controller respectively; the cable 110 is connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the posture acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit and the controller respectively; the temperature and humidity acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperature and humidity of a respiratory airflow; the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit is used for acquiring the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow; the posture acquisition unit is used for acquiring three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum of the respiratory airflow; the red light and infrared light acquisition unit is used for acquiring light intensity signals of red light and infrared light transmitted through two nostrils after being spaced apart; The controller is used for calculating a respiratory rate and a respiratory intensity according to the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow, calculating a pulmonary carbon dioxide exchange metabolic rate and degree according to the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow, calculating a respiratory airflow intensity and a respiratory rate according to the three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum of the respiratory airflow, and calculating a peripheral blood vessel pulse rate, blood cell oxygen carrying and hypoxia degree according to the light intensity signals of the red light and infrared light.

[0030] The temperature and humidity acquisition unit adopts a temperature and humidity sensor, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit adopts a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the posture acquisition unit adopts a posture sensor 440, and the red light and infrared light acquisition unit comprises a red light infrared light emitting diode 4201 and a red light infrared light receiving sensor 4202 which cooperate with each other; at least one temperature and humidity sensor, one carbon dioxide concentration sensor and one posture sensor 440 are arranged in the sensor cavity 130; the red light infrared light emitting diode 4201 is arranged in one sensor cavity 130, and the red light infrared light receiving sensor 4202 is arranged in the other sensor cavity 130.

[0031] The nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device provided by the embodiment is further described below with reference to the drawings: As Figure 1As shown, the embodiment provides a nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device. The main body structure of the nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device 100 is a U-shaped nasal clip structure. The bottom of the U-shaped structure is connected with a cable 110. One end of the cable 110 is connected with an automatic external defibrillator AED, or an automatic cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument CPR, or other CPR parameter display system. In addition to providing +5V power supply for the nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, the cable 110 also outputs various CPR parameters calculated by the nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device 100 to the connected device through a serial port.

[0032] In this embodiment, the two sides of the U-shaped structure are respectively nasal clip arms 120. The nasal clip arms 120 are hollow tubular structures, and two cables without sheaths are packaged inside. One of the cables is the extension end of the cable 110. The four thin wires of this cable are respectively +5V, power ground, serial port sending, and serial port receiving, and are connected to the right cavity PCB of the U-shaped structure. The other cable connects the left and right two PCBs of the U-shaped structure. The upper sensors of the two PCBs are hung on an I2C bus, and a 3.3V working power supply is provided for the left cavity PCB.

[0033] In this embodiment, the two top ends of the U-shaped structure are respectively provided with sensor cavities 130. Each sensor cavity 130 internally encapsulates a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). The two PCBAs are disposed with digital temperature and humidity sensors, carbon dioxide gas concentration sensors, attitude sensors 440, red light infrared light emitting diodes 4201, and red light infrared light receiving sensors 4202.

[0034] For example, in order to meet the working conditions of the temperature and humidity sensor and the carbon dioxide gas concentration sensor, that is, the detected gas environment must be unobstructed with the air holes on the surface of the sensor, so as to accurately and real-timely measure the changes of the temperature and humidity and the gas concentration of the gas environment, a plurality of air holes are opened in the direction of the airway of the nasal entrance and exit in the rear of the sensor cavity 130, including the air inlet hole 131 and the air outlet hole 132. The size and number of each air hole can ensure that the air normally passes through the inside of the sensor cavity 130, and can ensure that the air flow rate inside and outside the sensor cavity 130 is basically consistent, so as not to affect the real-time detection result of the sensor. If the size and number of the air inlet hole 131 and the air outlet hole 132 are not designed well, it will cause turbulence and retention of the gas in the cavity, so that the test result is difficult to reflect the actual temperature and humidity and carbon dioxide gas concentration.

[0035] The opposite side of the two sensor cavities 130 is also provided with an infrared light and red light transparent hole 133. The red light and infrared light emitting LED on the PCBA in the left sensor cavity 130 has a light emitting surface facing the left transparent hole 133, so that the emitted red light and infrared light can pass through the nasal wall tissue containing rich capillaries between the two nostrils and enter the light-sensitive receiving sensor in the middle of the PCBA in the right sensor cavity. The light-sensitive receiving sensor contains a miniature digital module inside, which can amplify and digitize the received current consistent with the light intensity of the red light and infrared light, and can be read by the external controller through the I2C bus.

[0036] As can be seen, the two PCBAs inside the two sensor cavities 130 form a composite sensor group 400 and a corresponding control assembly. The specific functions of the control assembly are as shown in Figure 2 .

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 , the sensor cavity 130 inside includes a power supply circuit 200, a single-chip microcomputer 300 (with control program and analysis algorithm embedded) and a sensor group 400.

[0038] The sensor group 400 in this embodiment includes a first temperature and humidity sensor 4101, a red light and infrared light emitting diode 4201, and a first carbon dioxide concentration sensor 41301 in the left sensor cavity 130 (left cavity); and a second temperature and humidity sensor 4102, a second carbon dioxide concentration sensor 4302, a red light and infrared light receiving sensor 4202, and a posture sensor 440 in the right sensor cavity 130 (right cavity).

[0039] It should be noted that the elements on both sides can be interchanged, and the posture sensor 440 can be located in the left cavity or the right cavity. The above-mentioned positions are arranged in this embodiment, and the detection device also has other arrangement modes, which will not be described here.

[0040] For example, the humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration sensor, red light and infrared receiving sensor in the sensor group 400 all adopt a miniature digital sensor, which is externally communicated by the provided I2C bus.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2 , the connection between the left and right sensor cavities 130 includes a power supply connection 210 and a communication bus 310, and the communication bus 310 preferably adopts an I2C bus connection. Among them. The power supply connection 210 is a 3.3V VCC and a ground wire GND; the I2C bus is a clock signal line SDC and a data signal line SDA. The four wires are integrated into a cable and packaged inside the nose clip arm 120 shown in Figure 1 , and the corresponding ends are respectively welded on the two PCBAs.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 , the cable 110, containing four lines inside, 5V or 3.3V power supply line and ground, and serial port transmission TxD and receiving RxD signal line; wherein, the power signal line and ground are connected to the left PCBA as shown in Figure 2 , the power supply circuit 200 can generate 3.3V regulated voltage for use by the single-chip microcomputer 300 and all sensor circuits; the serial port transmission TxD and receiving RxD signal lines are used for communication with the host device, and the two external communication signal lines are directly connected to the single-chip microcomputer 300 on the left PCBA.

[0043] For example, the single-chip microcomputer 300, as the control end host of the I2C bus, directly communicates with all three kinds of digital sensors inside the left and right sensor cavities 130, configures the sensors and reads the sampled data. The single-chip microcomputer 300 controls the I2C bus to periodically read the sampling values of the temperature and humidity sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 20 times per second; alternately emits red light and infrared light 20 times per second respectively, and synchronously reads the light intensity signals sampled by the photosensitive sensors after the corresponding emitted light waves pass through the tissue between the nostrils. After the single-chip microcomputer 300 reads a round of sensor data, it performs filtering of the temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, red light intensity, infrared light intensity, and other signals, as well as parameter detection and calculation of peak value, peak-to-peak value, respiratory cycle, peripheral pulse rate, and other parameters, and performs filtering and synthesis of respiratory sound, envelope extraction, and evaluation and calculation of respiratory strength, rate, oxygen metabolic rate, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation efficiency based on the above parameters.

[0044] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the Figure 3 and Figure 4 are circuit diagrams for realizing the process parameter acquisition of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

[0045] Figure 3 is the PCBA circuit inside the left sensor cavity 130. Figure 3 , U4 is the LDO power supply chip used in the power supply circuit 200 as shown in Figure 2 , which outputs a 3.3V VCC signal after filtering the input voltage. U1 is the chip used by the single-chip microcomputer 300 as shown in Figure 2 ; the single-chip microcomputer 300 as the master control connects all digital sensors through the I2C bus, configures and reads the sampling values; in addition, it is configured with a serial port transceiver interface for communication with external devices; at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer 300 is also configured with a Bluetooth ceramic antenna, which can communicate with external mobile phones or devices, and transmit data and results through low-power Bluetooth. U2 is the chip of the first temperature and humidity sensor 4101 as shown in Figure 2 ; U3 is the chip of the second temperature and humidity sensor 4102 as shown in Figure 2The red light infrared light receiving sensor 4202 is shown; H1 is a connector for connecting an external host device, providing a power supply and a serial communication interface, that is Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cable 110 is shown; H2 is an I2C bus and VCC power connector connected to the right PCBA, that is Figure 2 The power supply connection line 210 and the communication bus 310 are shown. If the sensor uses low-power Bluetooth and external mobile phone or host device communication, the H1 connector can be directly connected to the Type-C interface of the mobile phone or external power bank for power supply.

[0046] Figure 4 The right sensor cavity 130 is the internal PCBA circuit of the right sensor cavity 130. Figure 4 U5 is the second temperature and humidity sensor 4102 chip shown in Figure 2 U6 is the second carbon dioxide concentration sensor 4302 chip shown in Figure 2 U7 is the attitude sensor R440 shown in Figure 2 outputs three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular momentum information. Red1 is a micro 660nm red light emitting tube; IRed1 is a micro 940nm infrared light emitting tube, which forms Figure 2 The mid-red light infrared light emitting diode 4201 is shown in Figure 2 The red light infrared light receiving sensor 4202 is shown in Figure 2 located in the right cavity), which completes the blood oxygen signal detection function. H3 is a power supply and I2C bus connection interface; through Figure 3 The H2 interface connects the two PCBAs, which provides VCC power supply for the right PCBA, and also serves as the extension line of the I2C bus of the U2 single-chip microcomputer, connecting all the sensors of the right sensor cavity.

[0047] The circuits and devices on the left and right two PCBAs form a complete intelligent micro sensor; and through the internal control program and analysis algorithm of the single-chip microcomputer, a complete and independent working CPR detection and quality effect evaluation system is formed.

[0048] It can be seen that the detection device can directly measure the breathing and blood of the rescued person and the parameters related to the oxygen content. The device structure is in the shape of a U-shaped nose clip, and a sensing system composed of a micro sensor group is installed at the two ends of the U-shaped structure. The sensing system includes a micro temperature and humidity digital sensor with a size of 1.5x1.5mm, a red light and infrared light photosensitive digital sensor with a size of 2x2.4mm, a carbon dioxide concentration digital sensor with a size of 3x3mm, and a posture sensor with a size of 2.5x3mm. The sensor group is respectively placed in the left and right nostrils, and is connected to a single-chip microcomputer system through an I2C bus. The single-chip microcomputer system is based on a single-chip microcomputer with a size of 2x2mm for external serial communication or a size of 3x3mm for wireless low-power Bluetooth communication. The single-chip microcomputer reads the temperature and humidity of the airflow in and out of the nostrils, the change of carbon dioxide content, and the change of blood flow fluctuation in the capillary blood vessels between the nostrils during the breathing process measured by the temperature and humidity sensors in the two nostrils through the I2C bus. After algorithm processing, the output is the evaluation value of the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the state of cardiac arrest of the patient, or the vital sign parameters of the patient such as respiratory rate, pulse rate, and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration. The device is combined with a cardiopulmonary resuscitation instrument or an automatic external defibrillator to feedback and optimize the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process and quality, and to make a judgment and decision before defibrillation treatment.

[0049] For example, based on the above-mentioned nose clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device, real-time monitoring and treatment effect evaluation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be realized, and the specific working principle and working method are as follows: The two PCBA top ends are deployed with digital temperature and humidity sensors, which can measure the temperature and humidity changes of the airflow during exhalation and inhalation. The size of the sensor is greater than 2.5x2.5mm, the temperature measurement accuracy is not greater than ±0.1℃, and the humidity measurement accuracy is not greater than ±1%. The sensor uses I2C bus and controller communication to configure the sensor, start and read the current real-time temperature and humidity. When the CPR rescuer presses the chest, the lungs expel air, the gas is exhaled from the nostrils, the exhaled gas is heated and humidified by the lungs, and the temperature gradually rises; when the CPR rescuer's hand is lifted, the chest rebounds to cause the lungs to inhale, and the temperature and humidity of the airflow are consistent with those of the outside air. The temperature and humidity change greatly, indicating that the gas reaches the deep alveoli of the lungs for a long time and is fully heated and humidified; the temperature and humidity change little, indicating that the inhaled air stays in the lungs for a short time and is not heated and humidified. The air stays in the alveoli for a short time, so the time for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange is also short, and therefore the CPR effect is not high. Therefore, by reading the temperature and humidity changes of the airflow in the patient's nostrils during CPR, the size, speed and change rate of the airflow caused by CPR, and the respiratory rate can be accurately measured. The respiratory rate at this time should be basically consistent with the compression frequency of CPR. The same return to the change amplitude and change speed of the temperature and humidity, as well as the change cycle, can analyze some parameters related to the effect of CPR. The two PCBA additionally deploys a carbon dioxide concentration digital sensor, which can measure the carbon dioxide concentration change in the airflow during the exhalation and inhalation process. The size of the sensor is greater than 3x3.5mm, and the measurement accuracy of the carbon dioxide concentration is not greater than ±0.2vol% under constant temperature, constant pressure and constant humidity conditions, and the measurement accuracy of the humidity is not greater than ±2%. The purpose of CPR is to press the chest at a frequency of nearly 2 times per second, so that the stopped heart is passively contracted and relaxed, thereby pumping a small amount of blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery, and at the same time, the process of lung extrusion and relaxation can make the air inside the lung flow a small amount, accelerate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide; in addition, after 30 times of pressing for 18 seconds, 2 artificial breaths for 6 seconds can make the lungs have 2 passive deep breaths, thereby supplementing two fresh airs. The 24-second CPR phase of the first aid process is an analysis interval. During this interval, the carbon dioxide concentration trend exhaled through the patient's nostrils is gradually increasing; because of the 30 times of rapid chest compression for 18 seconds, the air in the lungs also enters and exits 30 times, but the amount of inhaled and exhaled gas is not as large as the two times of artificial respiration, and is relatively shallow breathing, so the gas inhaled may be mostly the air exhaled, and therefore the oxygen content of the air in the lungs is gradually reduced and the carbon dioxide content is increased. If the carbon dioxide content is higher than a threshold value, or the carbon dioxide content is detected to be the same as the air, it indicates that the CPR effect is poor; the former indicates that the peripheral organs are severely hypoxic, and the previous CPR effect is poor; the latter indicates that the current CPR effect is low, and the CPR promotes the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange of the lungs. The effect is poor.

[0050] Alternatively, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor can also be deployed only in one side cavity. If the nasal airway of one side is not smooth, the left and right nostrils can be exchanged for carbon dioxide end-tidal concentration measurement.

[0051] Explained, the left PCBA has two LEDs (red and infrared light-emitting diodes 4201) arranged together in the middle, one emitting 660 nm red light and the other emitting 940 nm infrared light; while the right PCBA has a wide-wavelength photosensitive digital sensor (red and infrared light receiver sensor 4202) in the middle. In human blood, deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) absorbs red light more strongly near 660 nm and infrared light less; oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) absorbs infrared light more strongly near 940 nm. Therefore, the left PCBA uses 660 nm red light and 940 nm near-infrared light as light sources, emitting both wavelengths of light. After passing through the space between the two nostrils, the changes in the intensity of the two wavelengths of light received at the corresponding position in the right PCBA can be detected, thus measuring the change in the ratio of deoxyhemoglobin to oxyhemoglobin in the peripheral blood vessels of the patient's head. Although precise blood oxygen saturation cannot be calculated in the context of weak perfusion during cardiac arrest, the heart rate during CPR can be calculated and the effectiveness of CPR can be assessed by measuring changes in the intensity of two light waves. If the two light intensities do not change, or if the intensity of red light (represented by deoxyhemoglobin) increases while the intensity of infrared light (represented by oxyhemoglobin) decreases, it indicates that the effectiveness of CPR has deteriorated or is ineffective.

[0052] Optionally, the LED emitter and photosensitive receiver can be interchanged on the PCB.

[0053] To better accommodate the nasal sizes of people of different ages and ensure the device's applicability and usability, the power supply chip, microcontroller chip, and sensor chip used in this embodiment are all very small in size and highly accurate. For example, the selected miniature temperature and humidity digital sensor measures 1.5 x 1.5 mm, with a temperature measurement accuracy of no more than ±0.1℃ and a humidity measurement accuracy of no more than ±1%; the selected carbon dioxide concentration digital sensor measures 3 x 3.5 mm, with an accuracy of ±0.2 vol%; the selected attitude sensor measures 2.5 x 3 mm, with an acceleration measurement sensitivity accuracy of 0.061 mg / LSB and an angular velocity accuracy of 4.375 mdps / LSB; the selected Bluetooth microcontroller with multiple communication interfaces measures 3 x 3 mm; the selected precision power conversion chip measures 1 x 1 mm; and the resistors and capacitors used are in the smallest 0201 package. Therefore, the PCBA size can be as small as 5 x 7 x 3 mm, resulting in a small overall sensor cavity size. When placed in the nostril for use, it will not obstruct the nostril and thus affect the airflow.

[0054] For the convenience and joint use of external devices, the other end of the cable 110 of the device is configured as a USB interface, such as a USB Type-A or Type-C. An external device, such as an external defibrillator or a cardiopulmonary resuscitation machine, provides a +5V power supply and a serial data line through a dedicated USB interface for the use of the sensor.

[0055] Optionally, in the left sensor cavity 130, a USB-to-serial chip with a size of 3x3 mm can be used to replace the U1 temperature and humidity sensor, so as to realize a USB standard device, which can be connected to the USB-OTG interface of a mobile phone, a PC, an AED, and a cardiopulmonary resuscitation machine. Figure 3

[0056] Optionally, the device can also be inserted into a power bank with a Type-C interface, and used in combination with a mobile phone, a PC, an AED, and a cardiopulmonary resuscitation device through BLE Bluetooth communication.

[0057] In summary, the nasal clip type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection device and the working method thereof provided by the present application have the following advantages compared with the existing cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality detection methods: The detection device synchronously collects multi-dimensional physiological signals in the nasal cavity of a patient through a nasal clip type device: a temperature and humidity sensor captures the temperature change of respiratory airflow to calculate the respiratory rate and intensity; a carbon dioxide sensor monitors the change in gas concentration to evaluate the lung metabolic efficiency; an attitude sensor analyzes the three-axis acceleration and angular momentum data of airflow movement to double-check the respiratory dynamics parameters; infrared / red light intensity signals across the nasal septum penetrate the tissue to obtain peripheral pulse waves and blood oxygen metabolism indicators. The nasal cavity space is used to realize non-interference monitoring, overcoming the problems of ECG misjudgment and signal loss caused by compression interference in traditional CPR evaluation; multi-modal data fusion technology breaks through the bottleneck of peripheral signal acquisition in low perfusion state, accurately quantifies the compression effect and signs of spontaneous circulation recovery; real-time feedback of respiratory metabolism parameters and circulation indicators provides objective basis for optimizing compression depth, frequency, and defibrillation timing, significantly improving the reliability and clinical decision-making efficiency of emergency quality evaluation.

[0058] The above embodiment is only one of the implementation manners of the technical solutions of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the above embodiment, but also includes any changes, substitutions, and other implementation manners easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application.​

Claims

1. A nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device, characterized in that, Including a U-shaped body with a nose clip; Both sides of the U-shaped body are connected to nose clip arms (120), and the bottom of the U-shaped body is connected to a cable (110). The top of each of the two nose clip arms (120) is provided with a sensor cavity (130). The sensor cavity (130) is equipped with a sensor group (400) and a controller. The sensor group (400) includes a temperature and humidity acquisition unit, a carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, an attitude acquisition unit, and a red light and infrared light acquisition unit, which are respectively connected to the controller. The cable (110) is connected to the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the attitude acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit, and the controller, respectively. The temperature and humidity acquisition unit is used to acquire the temperature and humidity of the breathing airflow; The carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit is used to acquire the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow; The attitude acquisition unit is used to acquire the triaxial acceleration and triaxial angular momentum of the breathing airflow; The red and infrared light acquisition unit is used to acquire the light intensity signals of red and infrared light after passing through the gap between the two nostrils; The controller is used to calculate respiratory rate and respiratory intensity based on the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow, to calculate the rate and extent of carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs based on the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow, to calculate the intensity and respiratory rate of the respiratory airflow based on the triaxial acceleration and triaxial angular momentum of the respiratory airflow, and to calculate peripheral vascular pulse rate, blood cell oxygenation, and degree of hypoxia based on the light intensity signals of red and infrared light.

2. The nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nose clip arm (120) adopts a hollow tubular structure. One end of the cable (110) passes through the nose clip arm (120) and is connected to the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, posture acquisition unit, red light and infrared light acquisition unit and controller respectively. The other end is used to connect to an automated external defibrillator, an automated cardiopulmonary resuscitation device or a CPR parameter display system.

3. A nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the cable (110) is configured with a USB interface, which includes USB Type-A or Type-C models.

4. The nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A printed circuit board assembly is encapsulated within each of the two sensor cavities (130); the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, attitude acquisition unit, red light and infrared light acquisition unit, and controller are distributed on the two printed circuit board assemblies.

5. A nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each printed circuit board assembly is also provided with a power supply circuit (200); the input end of the power supply circuit (200) is connected to the cable (110), and the output end is connected to the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, the attitude acquisition unit, the red light and infrared light acquisition unit and the controller respectively.

6. The nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity acquisition unit uses a temperature and humidity sensor, the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit uses a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the attitude acquisition unit uses an attitude sensor (440), and the red light and infrared light acquisition unit includes a matching red light and infrared light emitting diode (4201) and a red light and infrared light receiving sensor (4202). The sensor cavity (130) includes at least one temperature and humidity sensor, one carbon dioxide concentration sensor and one attitude sensor (440). The red infrared light-emitting diode (4201) is arranged in one sensor cavity (130), and the red infrared light receiving sensor (4202) is arranged in another sensor cavity (130).

7. A nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensor cavity (130) has a plurality of ventilation holes along the direction of the nasal airway, wherein the ventilation holes include an air inlet (131) on one side of the sensor cavity (130) and an air outlet (132) on the other side of the sensor cavity (130). The two sensor cavities (130) are respectively provided with light-transmitting holes (133) on their inner sides. The two light-transmitting holes (133) are symmetrically arranged to transmit the red light and infrared light emitted by the red infrared light-emitting diode (4201) to the red infrared light receiving sensor (4202).

8. A nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sensor cavities (130) are connected by a power connection line (210) and a communication bus (310).

9. A nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller uses a microcontroller (300) and can control the sampling frequency of the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit, attitude acquisition unit, and red light and infrared light acquisition unit; it can also control the red light and infrared light acquisition unit to emit red light and infrared light separately at preset intervals; and it can filter the acquired signals. The microcontroller (300) is equipped with a Bluetooth ceramic antenna for wireless communication with external devices.

10. A method for operating a nose clip-type cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality testing device, based on the nose clip-type CPR quality testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The two sensor cavities (130) are placed inside the nasal cavity; The temperature and humidity of the collected respiratory airflow are transmitted to the controller via the temperature and humidity acquisition unit; The carbon dioxide concentration of the collected respiratory airflow is transmitted to the controller via the carbon dioxide concentration acquisition unit. The triaxial acceleration and triaxial angular momentum of the respiratory airflow are transmitted to the controller by using an attitude acquisition unit; The intensity signals of the red and infrared light collected after passing through the gap between the two nostrils are transmitted to the controller by using red and infrared light acquisition units. The controller calculates the respiratory rate and respiratory intensity based on the temperature and humidity of the respiratory airflow, calculates the lung carbon dioxide exchange metabolic rate and degree based on the carbon dioxide concentration of the respiratory airflow, calculates the respiratory airflow intensity and respiratory rate based on the triaxial acceleration and triaxial angular momentum of the respiratory airflow, and calculates the peripheral vascular pulse rate, blood cell oxygen carrying capacity, and degree of hypoxia based on the light intensity signals of red and infrared light.

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