Intelligent construction method for secondary structure constructional column

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of secondary structure construction, and provides an intelligent construction method for a secondary structure constructional column in order to solve the problems that in the prior art, assembling is complex, the reinforcing mode is tedious, the building efficiency is low and concrete pouring is not compact due to the fact that a constructional column formwork adopts a scattered splicing wood formwork mode. Comprising the following steps that S1, a secondary structure constructional column formwork BIM model is established, a formwork matching table and a construction drawing are exported, and a secondary structure constructional column formwork is manufactured; s2, constructing a masonry wall and constructional column steel bars; s3, a secondary structure constructional column formwork is installed and reinforced; s4, concrete is poured in a constructional column pouring space formed by the secondary structure constructional column formwork layer by layer; s5, after the strength of the concrete meets the requirement, the secondary structure constructional column formwork is dismantled; assembling and reinforcing are easy, the building efficiency is high, the concrete pouring hole positions are formed in the formwork units, pouring is conducted layer by layer from bottom to top, the compactness of concrete can be improved, and the forming quality of the constructional column is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of secondary structure construction technology, and more specifically, to a smart construction method for secondary structure columns. Background Technology

[0002] Secondary structural columns are designed to improve structural stability. They are typically placed at the intersection of longitudinal and transverse walls, door and window openings, wall corners, and in the middle of walls that are five meters long. They bear the shear force of the wall, improve the seismic performance of the structure, and resist lateral loads.

[0003] In traditional construction, secondary structural columns often use loosely assembled wooden formwork. This method is complex, requires cumbersome reinforcement, and has low construction efficiency. Furthermore, after repeated use, the wooden formwork has poor toughness and is prone to deformation, which may lead to deformation of the structural columns and dimensional deviations.

[0004] During the pouring process, the high pouring point of the concrete makes it difficult for the vibrator to enter the formwork for compaction. When the vibrator is inside the formwork, it is easy to hit the reinforcing steel, causing deformation and damage to the steel, which affects the load-bearing effect of the structural column after the concrete is formed. The vibrator is also easy to get stuck on the reinforcing steel, which affects the vibration and air-air removal effect and makes it inconvenient to use, resulting in poor concrete forming effect. Especially at the top of the structural column, due to the difficulty of vibration operation in this part, most of the top of the structural column is not compacted. The traditional method is to use a scoop formwork to make the concrete pouring dense and reduce defects, but the scoop formwork is also quite complicated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns, in order to solve the problems of complex assembly, cumbersome reinforcement methods, low construction efficiency, and non-dense concrete pouring of structural column formwork using the method of loosely assembled wooden formwork in the prior art.

[0006] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: This invention provides a smart construction method for secondary structural columns, comprising the following steps: S1: Create a BIM model of the secondary structure column template, export the template table and construction drawings, and produce the secondary structure column template. Step S1 includes: designing the secondary structure column template into multiple template units, with each template unit arranged and spliced ​​vertically in sequence; Each template unit is prefabricated, and connection holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the template unit. Concrete pouring holes are opened on the template unit on one side of the structural column, and a sealing plate is slidably installed on the outer surface of the template unit on that side of the structural column. The sealing plate can seal the corresponding concrete pouring holes. S2: Reinforcing steel bars for masonry walls and structural columns; S3: Install and reinforce the formwork for the secondary structural columns; Step S3 includes: fixing holes are pre-drilled on the top plate and the bottom plate, and the positions of the fixing holes correspond to the positions of the formwork unit connection holes. When installing the secondary structure column formwork, each formwork unit is installed sequentially from bottom to top. The bottommost formwork unit is connected to the bottom plate by a reinforcement member, two adjacent formwork units are connected by a connector, and the topmost formwork unit is connected to the top plate by a reinforcement member. S4: Pour concrete layer by layer into the pouring space of the structural column formed by the secondary structural column formwork. Step S4 includes: placing the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe from bottom to top into the concrete pouring hole on each formwork unit, and pouring concrete in layers; when pouring to the uppermost formwork unit, fixing the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe to the concrete pouring hole on the uppermost formwork unit, and pressing the concrete into the pouring space inside the structural column formwork. S5: After the concrete reaches the required strength, remove the formwork of the secondary structural columns.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution: Step S1 specifically includes: S101: Use BIM software to create a BIM model of the secondary structure construction column template; S102: Perform a collision check on the existing MEP pipeline integrated model and the secondary structure column template BIM model to verify whether there is a spatial conflict or collision between the design position of the secondary structure column and the design position of the MEP pipeline. If a collision point or conflict area is found, adjust the direction or position of the MEP pipeline to ensure the integrity of the secondary structure column. S103: Detailed design of the BIM model of the secondary structure column formwork, specifically including: aluminum formwork is used for the secondary structure column formwork, and the secondary structure column formwork on each side of the column is designed as multiple formwork units. Each formwork unit on each side is arranged and spliced ​​vertically. The aluminum formwork is designed with standard parts and non-standard parts. The standard parts and non-standard parts are used together. The formwork unit at the top uses non-standard parts, and the other formwork units use standard parts. The template unit includes not only planar templates, but also internal corner plates and external corner plates; S104: Export the formwork layout table and formwork construction drawings using BIM software; S105: Each template unit is prefabricated in the factory, and connection holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the template unit. Concrete pouring holes are opened on the template unit on one side of the structural column, and a set of guide rails are installed on the outer surface of the template unit on that side of the structural column. A closing plate is slidably installed between the two guide rails. The closing plate can slide along the guide rails and can close the corresponding concrete pouring holes. A pipe joint is connected to the concrete pouring hole of the uppermost template unit on that side of the structural column, and a clamp is installed on the pipe joint. The clamp is used to fix the concrete pump pipe to the pipe joint. No guide rails and closing plates are set on the uppermost template unit on that side of the structural column.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution: Step S2 specifically includes: constructing masonry walls on site and reserving positions for pouring structural columns; roughening and drilling holes in the top and bottom slabs, inserting reinforcing bars in the holes, and then tying the reinforcing bars of the structural columns at the pouring positions, and fixing the reinforcing bars of the structural columns to the inserted reinforcing bars.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution: Step S3 specifically includes: S301: Install the secondary structural column formwork on site, connect the bottom formwork unit to the base plate with the fasteners, connect adjacent formwork units with the fasteners, and connect the top formwork unit to the top plate with the fasteners. S302: Install tie rods between the secondary structural column templates on both sides of the structural column, and connect template reinforcement components to both ends of the tie rods, with the template reinforcement components abutting against the outside of the template; S303: Fill the gap between the secondary structural column formwork and the masonry wall with elastic material to seal the gap.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution: Expansion bolts can be used to reinforce aluminum formwork to building structures (such as top slabs and bottom slabs). Aluminum formwork can be connected to each other with bolts. Tie rods can be used to reinforce the formwork on both sides of the secondary structure columns. The elastic material used to fill the gap between the aluminum formwork and the masonry wall can be double-sided foam tape or single-sided foam adhesive.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution: Step S4 specifically includes: Insert the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole on the lowest formwork unit and begin pouring concrete. When the concrete pouring height reaches the lower edge of the concrete pouring hole on the formwork unit, turn off the pouring equipment, remove the concrete pump pipe, and seal the concrete pouring hole by sliding the sealing plate on the formwork unit. Then, insert the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole on the previous formwork unit. Pour concrete layer by layer from bottom to top in the above manner. When pouring to the uppermost formwork unit, fix the concrete pump pipe to the pipe joint on the uppermost formwork unit with clamps, and press the concrete into the pouring space inside the structural column formwork. When grout appears between the uppermost formwork unit and the top slab, stop pouring concrete, loosen the clamps, remove the concrete pump pipe, and install a sealing cap at the pipe joint.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution: Step S3 involves installing the secondary structural column formwork, including installing the secondary structural column formwork at straight walls, corners, and T-shaped walls. When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the straight wall, the formwork unit of the secondary structural column formwork includes a planar formwork. The planar formwork on both sides of the straight wall is arranged and spliced ​​vertically, and the space for pouring the structural column is formed between each planar formwork and the straight wall. The planar formwork on both sides of the straight wall is connected by tie rods. When installing secondary structural column formwork at corners, the formwork unit includes planar formwork, internal corner plates, and external corner plates. Internal corner plates are placed at the internal corner of the wall. Two sets of planar formwork are arranged perpendicularly to each other, forming a right angle. External corner plates are installed at the junction of the two sets of planar formwork, connecting to both sets of planar formwork. The two sets of planar formwork are connected to the internal corner plates via tie rods. Multiple planar formworks are arranged and spliced ​​vertically, as are multiple internal corner plates and multiple external corner plates. The space between each planar formwork, internal corner plate, external corner plate, and the wall at the corner forms the space for pouring the structural column. When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the T-shaped wall, the formwork unit of the secondary structural column formwork includes flat formwork and internal corner plates. The flat formwork is arranged on the main wall side of the T-shaped wall, and two sets of internal corner plates are arranged at the corners of the main wall and the secondary wall of the T-shaped wall, respectively. The flat formwork and the two sets of internal corner plates are connected by tie rods, and the two sets of internal corner plates are also connected by tie rods. Multiple flat formworks are arranged and spliced ​​vertically in sequence, and multiple internal corner plates are arranged and spliced ​​vertically in sequence.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution: Step S302 also includes: Install a pressure sensor on the template reinforcement component; Connect the pressure sensor to the project's digital management platform via wired or wireless connection.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution: In step S4, during the concrete pouring process, after placing the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole on the formwork unit, the vibrator is passed through the vibration hole on the concrete pump pipe and one end of it is extended into the pouring space of the structural column. During the pouring of concrete layer by layer, the concrete is vibrated layer by layer by the vibrator.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution: Step S4: Before pouring concrete, install a flow meter on the concrete pump pipe to measure the flow velocity of the concrete in the concrete pump pipe. Connect the flow meter to the intelligent flow totalizer, input the diameter of the concrete pump pipe into the intelligent flow totalizer, and calculate the pouring volume of each layer.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution: Both the concrete pouring equipment and the intelligent flow totalizer are connected to the control system. The target volume of pouring is set in the control system. When the intelligent flow totalizer calculates that the pouring volume of each layer reaches the target volume, the control system controls the concrete pouring equipment to stop working. The vibrator is also connected to the control system. When the concrete pouring equipment is working, the control system controls the vibrator to work synchronously to vibrate the concrete. When the concrete pouring equipment stops working, the control system controls the vibrator to stop working.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The secondary structural column template of this invention uses aluminum formwork and other templates with good rigidity. It is formed by assembling multiple template units. Compared with traditional wooden formwork construction, the template units can be prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site. The assembly of aluminum formwork is simple, quick and efficient, which is convenient for workers to implement. Moreover, the structure has high strength and is not easy to deform, which helps to ensure the quality of the structural column. Batch prefabrication can also reduce construction costs. 2. The present invention pre-drills fixing holes on the top plate and the bottom plate, and fixes the uppermost template unit and the lowermost template unit to the top plate and the bottom plate respectively to achieve template reinforcement. Compared with the reinforcement method of loosely assembled wooden templates, the template reinforcement method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and can improve construction efficiency. 3. The present invention provides concrete pouring holes on the formwork unit on one side of the structural column, and pours the structural column layer by layer from bottom to top, which helps to improve the density of the concrete and ensure the forming quality of the structural column. 4. This invention uses a vibrator to vibrate the concrete layer by layer while pouring the concrete, which can improve the density of the concrete and enhance the forming quality of the structural column. Moreover, since the vibration is done layer by layer, rather than vibrating the entire structural column concrete at the highest pouring point, the vibration effect is not only better, but it is also easier to implement. During the vibration process, it is less likely to encounter the reinforcing steel, thus preventing deformation and damage to the reinforcing steel and ensuring the stress effect of the structural column after the concrete is formed. 5. The present invention uses grouting pouring at the top of the structural column, which can ensure that the concrete at the top of the structural column is poured densely, reduce defects, and the structure and operation of grouting pouring are very simple and easy to implement. 6. This invention installs pressure sensors on the formwork reinforcement components to detect the pressure value of the formwork during concrete pouring, ensuring that no formwork bursts during the pouring and grouting process; this invention connects the pressure sensors to the project digital management platform via wired or wireless connection, thereby transmitting the detected pressure data to the project digital management platform to monitor the pressure on the formwork in real time during construction, so that the project decision-makers can quickly understand the on-site pouring situation, and stop pouring in time when the pressure value reaches the threshold to avoid safety accidents such as formwork bursts; 7. The present invention installs a flow meter on the concrete pump pipe to measure the flow velocity of concrete in the concrete pump pipe. The flow meter is connected to an intelligent flow totalizer to calculate the pouring volume of each layer. In this way, the pouring volume can be accurately controlled to avoid over-pouring of concrete, so that the concrete pump pipe can be removed in time, the sealing plate can be closed, and then the next layer of concrete can be poured, so as to realize the layer-by-layer pouring of structural column concrete. 8. This invention controls the vibrator and concrete pouring equipment to work synchronously through a control system, which helps to improve the compaction of concrete. 9. The construction method of the present invention can improve the construction efficiency, structural stability and forming quality of secondary structural columns, and can improve the vibration efficiency and concrete density during the construction process. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the secondary structure column template according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the secondary structural column template described in this invention at the straight wall.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the secondary structure column template described in this invention at a corner.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the secondary structural column template described in this invention at the T-shaped wall.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar template described in this invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the template unit located at the top of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal corner plate described in this invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external corner plate described in this invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the clamp described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tie rod and the template reinforcement component described in this invention.

[0029] Icons: 1-Masonry wall, 2-Base plate, 3-Top plate, 4-Formwork unit, 401-Concrete pouring hole, 402-Flat formwork, 403-Internal corner plate, 404-External corner plate, 501-Tie rod, 502-Formwork reinforcement, 601-Guide rail, 602-Sealing plate, 701-Pipe joint, 702-Clamp, 8-Reinforcing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1 like Figures 1-11 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a smart construction method for secondary structural columns, including the following steps: S1: Create a BIM model of the secondary structure column formwork, export the formwork table and construction drawings, and produce the secondary structure column formwork.

[0032] Step S1 specifically includes: S101: Use BIM software to create a BIM model of the secondary structure construction column template; S102: Perform a collision check on the existing MEP pipeline integrated model and the secondary structure column template BIM model to verify whether there is a spatial conflict or collision between the design position of the secondary structure column and the design position of the MEP pipeline. If a collision point or conflict area is found, adjust the direction or position of the MEP pipeline to ensure the integrity of the secondary structure column. S103: Detailed design of the BIM model of the secondary structure column formwork, specifically including: aluminum formwork is used for the secondary structure column formwork, and the secondary structure column formwork on each side of the column is designed as multiple formwork units 4. Each formwork unit 4 on each side is arranged and spliced ​​vertically. The aluminum formwork is designed with standard parts and non-standard parts. The standard parts and non-standard parts are used together. The formwork unit 4 at the top is non-standard to adapt to construction scenarios such as different floor heights. Other formwork units 4 are standard parts. Among them, template unit 4 includes not only flat template 402, but also internal corner plate 403 and external corner plate 404; S104: Export the formwork layout table and formwork construction drawings using BIM software; S105: Each template unit 4 of the secondary structural column template is prefabricated in the factory, and connection holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the template unit 4. Concrete pouring holes 401 are opened on the template unit 4 on one side of the structural column, and a set of guide rails 601 are installed on the outer surface of the template unit 4 on that side of the structural column. A closing plate 602 is slidably installed between the two guide rails 601. The closing plate 602 can slide along the guide rails 601 and can close the corresponding concrete pouring holes 401. A pipe joint 701 is connected to the concrete pouring hole 401 of the uppermost template unit 4 on that side of the structural column, and a clamp 702 is installed on the pipe joint 701. The clamp 702 is used to fix the concrete pump pipe to the pipe joint 701. The guide rails 601 and the closing plate 602 are not set on the uppermost template unit 4 on that side of the structural column.

[0033] S2: Construction of masonry wall 1 and structural column reinforcement.

[0034] Step S2 specifically includes: constructing the masonry wall 1 on site and reserving the position for pouring the structural column; roughening and drilling holes on the top slab 3 and bottom slab 2, inserting reinforcing bars in the holes, and then tying the structural column reinforcing bars at the position for pouring the structural column, and fixing the structural column reinforcing bars to the inserted reinforcing bars.

[0035] S3: Install the formwork for the secondary structural columns and reinforce them.

[0036] Step S3 specifically includes: S301: Install the secondary structure column formwork on site. Fixing holes are pre-drilled on the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 2. The positions of the fixing holes correspond to the positions of the connecting holes of the formwork unit 4. When installing the secondary structure column formwork, install each formwork unit 4 in sequence from bottom to top. The bottommost formwork unit 4 is connected to the bottom plate 2 by a reinforcing bolt 8. Adjacent formwork units 4 are connected by bolts. The topmost formwork unit 4 is connected to the top plate 3 by a reinforcing bolt 8. In this way, the secondary structure column formwork is installed and reinforced, and the position of the structural column is effectively positioned. S302: Install tie rods 501 between the secondary structural column templates on both sides of the structural column, and connect template reinforcement parts 502 to both ends of the tie rods 501 respectively. The template reinforcement parts 502 abut against the outside of the template. S303: Fill the gap between the secondary structural column formwork and the masonry wall 1 with elastic material to seal the gap and prevent grout leakage.

[0037] S4: Concrete is poured layer by layer in the pouring space of the structural column formed by the secondary structural column formwork.

[0038] Step S4 specifically includes: Insert the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole 401 on the lowest template unit 4 and begin concrete pouring. When the concrete pouring height is about to reach the concrete pouring hole 401 on the template unit 4, turn off the pouring equipment, remove the concrete pump pipe, and close the concrete pouring hole 401 by sliding the sealing plate 602 on the template unit 4. Then, insert the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole 401 on the previous template unit 4. Pour concrete layer by layer from bottom to top in the above manner. When pouring to the uppermost template unit 4, fix the concrete pump pipe to the pipe joint 701 on the uppermost template unit 4 with the clamp 702, and press the concrete into the pouring space inside the structural column template. When grout appears between the uppermost template unit 4 and the top slab 3, stop pouring concrete, loosen the clamp 702, remove the concrete pump pipe, and install a sealing cap at the pipe joint 701. The concrete at the top of the structural column is poured by pressing, which can ensure that the concrete at the top of the structural column is poured densely.

[0039] S5: After the concrete reaches the required strength, remove the formwork of the secondary structural columns.

[0040] Once the demolding time has arrived and the concrete strength has reached the required level, the demolding work can be carried out.

[0041] First, remove the template reinforcement 502 and tie rod 501, then remove the reinforcement bolts 8 between the bottom plate 2, top plate 3 and template unit 4, and then gradually remove the bolts between each template unit 4 to dismantle each template.

[0042] Preferably, the pipe joint 701 can be bolted to the outside of the uppermost template unit 4. Before removing the uppermost template unit 4, first remove the bolts between the pipe joint 701 and the template unit 4, remove the pipe joint 701, then use an electric hammer to remove the excess concrete, and finally remove the uppermost template unit 4.

[0043] Preferably, the spacing between the concrete pouring holes 401 on one side of the formwork of the structural column is 500mm.

[0044] Preferably, the reinforcing bolt 8 can be an expansion bolt.

[0045] Preferably, the elastic material used to fill the gap between the secondary structural column template and the masonry wall 1 can be double-sided foam adhesive or single-sided foam adhesive.

[0046] Preferably, when installing the secondary structural column formwork in step S3, the secondary structural column formwork is installed at straight walls, corners, and T-shaped walls. When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the straight wall, the formwork unit 4 of the secondary structural column formwork includes a plane formwork 402. The plane formwork 402 on both sides of the straight wall is arranged and spliced ​​vertically, and the space for pouring the structural column is formed between each plane formwork 402 and the straight wall. The plane formwork 402 on both sides of the straight wall is connected by tie rods 501. When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the corner, the formwork unit 4 of the secondary structural column formwork includes a flat formwork 402, an internal corner plate 403, and an external corner plate 404. The internal corner plate 403 is arranged at the internal corner of the wall. The two sets of flat formwork 402 are arranged perpendicularly to each other, forming a right angle. The external corner plate 404 is installed at the junction of the two sets of flat formwork 402. The external corner plate 404 is connected to the two sets of flat formwork 402 by tie rods 501. Template 402 and corner plate 403 are connected by tie rods 501; multiple planar templates 402 are arranged and spliced ​​vertically, as are multiple corner plates 403 and multiple corner plates 404; the planar templates 402, corner plates 403, and corner plates 404 form a space for pouring structural columns between each other and the wall at the corner; When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the T-shaped wall, the formwork unit 4 of the secondary structural column formwork includes a flat formwork 402 and an internal corner plate 403. The flat formwork 402 is arranged on the main wall side of the T-shaped wall, and the two sets of internal corner plates 403 are respectively arranged at the corners of the main wall and the secondary wall of the T-shaped wall. The flat formwork 402 and the two sets of internal corner plates 403 are connected by tie rods 501, and the two sets of internal corner plates 403 are also connected by tie rods 501. Multiple flat formworks 402 are arranged and spliced ​​vertically, and multiple internal corner plates 403 are arranged and spliced ​​vertically.

[0047] Preferably, step S302 further includes: Pressure sensors are installed on the formwork reinforcement component 502 to detect the pressure value of the formwork during concrete pouring, ensuring that the formwork does not burst during pouring and grouting. The pressure sensors are connected to the project's digital management platform via wired or wireless connection, allowing the detected pressure data to be transmitted to the platform for real-time monitoring of the pressure on the formwork during construction. When the pressure value reaches a threshold, pouring is stopped promptly to prevent safety accidents such as formwork bursting. The formwork reinforcement component 502 uses tie rod matching reinforcement components, such as U-shaped clips, fixing nuts, and washers.

[0048] Preferably, in step S4, during the concrete pouring process, after the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe is placed into the concrete pouring hole 401 on the formwork unit 4, a small vibrator with a diameter of 25mm is passed through the vibration hole on the concrete pump pipe, and one end of it is extended into the pouring space of the structural column. During the pouring of concrete layer by layer, the concrete is vibrated layer by layer by the vibrator, which can improve the density of the concrete pouring and improve the forming quality of the structural column. Moreover, since it is vibrated layer by layer, rather than vibrating the entire structural column concrete at the highest pouring point, not only is the vibration effect good, but it is also easier to implement. It is not easy to hit the reinforcing steel during the vibration process, and it will not cause deformation or damage to the reinforcing steel, which can ensure the stress effect of the structural column after the concrete is formed.

[0049] Preferably, since it is difficult to observe the concrete pouring height after the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe is placed into the concrete pouring hole 401 on the formwork unit 4, a flow meter is installed on the concrete pump pipe to measure the flow velocity of the concrete in the concrete pump pipe. The flow meter is connected to an intelligent flow totalizer. The diameter of the concrete pump pipe is input into the intelligent flow totalizer, which will automatically calculate the instantaneous flow rate and obtain the pouring volume for each layer through integration. In this way, the pouring volume can be accurately controlled to avoid over-pouring of concrete, so that the concrete pump pipe can be removed in time, the sealing plate 602 can be closed, and then the next layer of concrete can be poured, realizing the layer-by-layer pouring of the structural column concrete. Among them, the intelligent flow totalizer is an existing product.

[0050] Preferably, when the intelligent flow totalizer calculates the pouring volume for each layer, it is necessary to pay attention to calculating the amount of concrete remaining in the concrete pump pipe.

[0051] Preferably, both the concrete pouring equipment and the intelligent flow totalizer are connected to the control system. The target volume for pouring is set in the control system (the volume is calculated from the model during the early BIM detailed design). When the intelligent flow totalizer calculates that the pouring volume for each floor reaches the target volume, the control system controls the concrete pouring equipment to stop working, thus avoiding over-pouring and waste of concrete.

[0052] Preferably, the vibrator is also connected to the control system. When the concrete pouring equipment is working, the control system controls the vibrator to work synchronously to vibrate the concrete. When the concrete pouring equipment stops working, the control system controls the vibrator to stop working. In an emergency, the power to the vibrator can be manually turned off to stop it from working.

[0053] Preferably, the control system may be, but is not limited to, a PLC control system.

[0054] Preferably, the concrete pouring equipment may include, but is not limited to, a concrete pouring robot.

[0055] Preferably, aluminum formwork can also be made of other formwork with good rigidity, such as steel formwork.

[0056] The secondary structural column template of this invention uses aluminum formwork and other formwork with good rigidity. It is formed by assembling multiple formwork units 4. Compared with traditional wooden formwork construction, the formwork unit 4 can be prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site. The assembly of aluminum formwork is simple, quick and efficient, which is convenient for workers to implement. Moreover, the structure has high strength and is not easy to deform, which helps to ensure the quality of the structural column. Batch prefabrication can also reduce construction costs. The present invention pre-drills fixing holes on the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 2, and fixes the uppermost template unit 4 and the lowermost template unit 4 to the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 2 respectively, thereby reinforcing the template. Compared with the reinforcement method of loosely assembled wooden templates, the template reinforcement method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and can improve construction efficiency. The present invention provides concrete pouring holes 401 on the template unit 4 on one side of the structural column, and pours the structural column layer by layer from bottom to top, which helps to improve the density of concrete and ensure the forming quality of the structural column. This invention improves the density of concrete pouring and enhances the forming quality of structural columns by vibrating each layer while pouring the concrete layer by layer. Moreover, since the vibration is performed layer by layer, rather than vibrating the entire structural column concrete at the highest pouring point, the vibration effect is not only better, but it is also easier to implement. During the vibration process, it is less likely to encounter the reinforcing bars, thus avoiding deformation and damage to the reinforcing bars and ensuring the stress effect of the structural column after the concrete is formed. The present invention uses grouting pouring at the top of the structural column, which can ensure that the concrete at the top of the structural column is poured densely, reduce defects, and the structure and operation of grouting pouring are very simple and easy to implement. This invention installs a pressure sensor on the formwork reinforcement component 502 to detect the pressure value of the formwork during concrete pouring, ensuring that no formwork bursts during the pouring and grouting process. This invention connects the pressure sensor to the project digital management platform via wired or wireless connection, thereby transmitting the detected pressure data to the project digital management platform to monitor the pressure of the formwork in real time during construction. This allows the project decision-makers to quickly understand the on-site pouring situation and stop pouring in time when the pressure value reaches the threshold, avoiding safety accidents such as formwork bursts. This invention installs a flow meter on a concrete pump pipe to measure the flow velocity of concrete in the concrete pump pipe. The flow meter is connected to an intelligent flow totalizer, which calculates the pouring volume for each layer. This allows for accurate control of the pouring volume, preventing over-pouring of concrete and facilitating timely removal of the concrete pump pipe, closing of the sealing plate 602, and pouring of the next layer of concrete, thus achieving layer-by-layer pouring of structural column concrete. This invention controls the vibrator and the concrete pouring equipment to work synchronously through a control system, which helps to improve the compaction of concrete. The construction method of the present invention can improve the construction efficiency, structural stability and forming quality of secondary structural columns, and can improve the vibration efficiency and concrete density during the construction process.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart construction method for secondary structural columns, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Create a BIM model of the secondary structure column template, export the template table and construction drawings, and produce the secondary structure column template. Step S1 includes: designing the secondary structure column template into multiple template units, with each template unit arranged and spliced ​​vertically in sequence; Each template unit is prefabricated, and connection holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the template unit. Concrete pouring holes are opened on the template unit on one side of the structural column, and a sealing plate is slidably installed on the outer surface of the template unit on that side of the structural column. The sealing plate can seal the corresponding concrete pouring holes. S2: Reinforcing steel bars for masonry walls and structural columns; S3: Install and reinforce the formwork for the secondary structural columns; Step S3 includes: fixing holes are pre-drilled on the top plate and the bottom plate, and the positions of the fixing holes correspond to the positions of the formwork unit connection holes. When installing the secondary structure column formwork, each formwork unit is installed sequentially from bottom to top. The bottommost formwork unit is connected to the bottom plate by a reinforcement member, two adjacent formwork units are connected by a connector, and the topmost formwork unit is connected to the top plate by a reinforcement member. S4: Pour concrete layer by layer into the pouring space of the structural column formed by the secondary structural column formwork. Step S4 includes: placing the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe from bottom to top into the concrete pouring hole on each formwork unit, and pouring concrete in layers; when pouring to the uppermost formwork unit, fixing the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe to the concrete pouring hole on the uppermost formwork unit, and pressing the concrete into the pouring space inside the structural column formwork. S5: After the concrete reaches the required strength, remove the formwork of the secondary structural columns.

2. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes: S101: Use BIM software to create a BIM model of the secondary structure construction column template; S102: Perform a collision check on the existing MEP pipeline integrated model and the secondary structure column template BIM model to verify whether there is a spatial conflict or collision between the design position of the secondary structure column and the design position of the MEP pipeline. If a collision point or conflict area is found, adjust the direction or position of the MEP pipeline to ensure the integrity of the secondary structure column. S103: Detailed design of the BIM model of the secondary structure column formwork, specifically including: aluminum formwork is used for the secondary structure column formwork, and the secondary structure column formwork on each side of the column is designed as multiple formwork units. Each formwork unit on each side is arranged and spliced ​​vertically. The aluminum formwork is designed with standard parts and non-standard parts. The standard parts and non-standard parts are used together. The formwork unit at the top uses non-standard parts, and the other formwork units use standard parts. The template unit includes not only planar templates, but also internal corner plates and external corner plates; S104: Export the formwork layout table and formwork construction drawings using BIM software; S105: Each template unit is prefabricated in the factory, and connection holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the template unit. Concrete pouring holes are opened on the template unit on one side of the structural column, and a set of guide rails are installed on the outer surface of the template unit on that side of the structural column. A closing plate is slidably installed between the two guide rails. The closing plate can slide along the guide rails and can close the corresponding concrete pouring holes. A pipe joint is connected to the concrete pouring hole of the uppermost template unit on that side of the structural column, and a clamp is installed on the pipe joint. The clamp is used to fix the concrete pump pipe to the pipe joint. No guide rails and closing plates are set on the uppermost template unit on that side of the structural column.

3. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes: constructing masonry walls on site and reserving positions for pouring structural columns; roughening and drilling holes in the top and bottom slabs, inserting reinforcing bars in the holes, and then tying the reinforcing bars of the structural columns at the pouring positions, and fixing the reinforcing bars of the structural columns to the inserted reinforcing bars.

4. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes: S301: Install the secondary structural column formwork on site, connect the bottom formwork unit to the base plate with the fasteners, connect adjacent formwork units with the fasteners, and connect the top formwork unit to the top plate with the fasteners. S302: Install tie rods between the secondary structural column templates on both sides of the structural column, and connect template reinforcement components to both ends of the tie rods, with the template reinforcement components abutting against the outside of the template; S303: Fill the gap between the secondary structural column formwork and the masonry wall with elastic material to seal the gap.

5. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes: Insert the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole on the lowest formwork unit and begin pouring concrete. When the concrete pouring height reaches the lower edge of the concrete pouring hole on the formwork unit, turn off the pouring equipment, remove the concrete pump pipe, and seal the concrete pouring hole by sliding the sealing plate on the formwork unit. Then, insert the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole on the previous formwork unit. Pour concrete layer by layer from bottom to top in the above manner. When pouring to the uppermost formwork unit, fix the concrete pump pipe to the pipe joint on the uppermost formwork unit with clamps, and press the concrete into the pouring space inside the structural column formwork. When grout appears between the uppermost formwork unit and the top slab, stop pouring concrete, loosen the clamps, remove the concrete pump pipe, and install a sealing cap at the pipe joint.

6. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S3 involves installing the secondary structural column formwork, including installing the secondary structural column formwork at straight walls, corners, and T-shaped walls. When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the straight wall, the formwork unit of the secondary structural column formwork includes a planar formwork. The planar formwork on both sides of the straight wall is arranged and spliced ​​vertically, and the space for pouring the structural column is formed between each planar formwork and the straight wall. The planar formwork on both sides of the straight wall is connected by tie rods. When installing secondary structural column formwork at corners, the formwork unit includes planar formwork, internal corner plates, and external corner plates. Internal corner plates are placed at the internal corner of the wall. Two sets of planar formwork are arranged perpendicularly to each other, forming a right angle. External corner plates are installed at the junction of the two sets of planar formwork, connecting to both sets of planar formwork. The two sets of planar formwork are connected to the internal corner plates via tie rods. Multiple planar formworks are arranged and spliced ​​vertically, as are multiple internal corner plates and multiple external corner plates. The space between each planar formwork, internal corner plate, external corner plate, and the wall at the corner forms the space for pouring the structural column. When installing the secondary structural column formwork at the T-shaped wall, the formwork unit of the secondary structural column formwork includes flat formwork and internal corner plates. The flat formwork is arranged on the main wall side of the T-shaped wall, and two sets of internal corner plates are arranged at the corners of the main wall and the secondary wall of the T-shaped wall, respectively. The flat formwork and the two sets of internal corner plates are connected by tie rods, and the two sets of internal corner plates are also connected by tie rods. Multiple flat formworks are arranged and spliced ​​vertically in sequence, and multiple internal corner plates are arranged and spliced ​​vertically in sequence.

7. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S302 also includes: Install a pressure sensor on the template reinforcement component; Connect the pressure sensor to the project's digital management platform via wired or wireless connection.

8. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, during the concrete pouring process, after placing the outlet end of the concrete pump pipe into the concrete pouring hole on the formwork unit, the vibrator is passed through the vibration hole on the concrete pump pipe and one end of it is extended into the pouring space of the structural column. During the pouring of concrete layer by layer, the concrete is vibrated layer by layer by the vibrator.

9. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S4: Before pouring concrete, install a flow meter on the concrete pump pipe to measure the flow velocity of the concrete in the concrete pump pipe. Connect the flow meter to the intelligent flow totalizer, input the diameter of the concrete pump pipe into the intelligent flow totalizer, and calculate the pouring volume of each layer.

10. The intelligent construction method for secondary structural columns according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both the concrete pouring equipment and the intelligent flow totalizer are connected to the control system. The target volume of pouring is set in the control system. When the intelligent flow totalizer calculates that the pouring volume of each layer reaches the target volume, the control system controls the concrete pouring equipment to stop working. The vibrator is also connected to the control system. When the concrete pouring equipment is working, the control system controls the vibrator to work synchronously to vibrate the concrete. When the concrete pouring equipment stops working, the control system controls the vibrator to stop working.

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