Short section type wellhead vibration measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a short section type wellhead vibration measuring device. The wellhead vibration measuring device comprises a drill collar, an acceleration sensor and a controller. The drill collar is arranged between a top drive and an upper drill column of the drilling system; the acceleration sensor and the controller are arranged in the drill collar; the acceleration sensor is used for acquiring acceleration information of the upper drill string; the controller is in communication connection with the acceleration sensor and used for obtaining the acceleration information and determining vibration information of the upper drill column according to the acceleration information. The wellhead vibration measuring device arranged between the top drive and the upper drill column is composed of a drill collar, an acceleration sensor and a controller, the acceleration sensor and the controller are arranged in the drill collar, namely, the wellhead vibration measuring device adopts an integrated short section type structural design and has excellent mechanical strength and anti-seismic performance; the accuracy of the acceleration sensor for acquiring the inverted acceleration information is improved, and the accuracy of vibration measurement is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and particularly relates to a short-section wellhead vibration measuring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Oil and gas drilling engineering is a core link in the process of oil and gas exploration and development, and covers multiple key processes such as well structure design, drilling tool assembly optimization, drilling parameter regulation, well control safety, drilling efficiency improvement, and equipment health management. The technical system of this field is complex and highly professional, involving multiple disciplines such as rock mechanics, fluid mechanics, mechanical dynamics, material science, and automatic control, and each link is highly coupled and dynamically interactive frequently. With the increasing number of complex structure wells such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells, extended reach wells, and horizontal wells, the mechanical environment faced by the drilling string system in the drilling process is becoming increasingly severe, and problems such as axial impact, torsional vibration, and lateral swing frequently occur, which seriously restricts mechanical drilling and significantly increases engineering risks such as drilling tool fatigue damage, thread unthreading, and wellhead seal failure. Therefore, real-time sensing and accurate evaluation of the dynamic working condition in the drilling process have become an important technical basis for ensuring operation safety, improving drilling efficiency, and promoting the development of intelligent drilling.

[0003] In actual engineering practice, field engineers need to master the vibration state of the drilling string system to determine whether there are risks such as resonance, sticking precursor, and top drive abnormality, and to optimize key parameters such as drilling pressure and rotation speed accordingly. However, it is extremely difficult to directly obtain the real vibration information at the bottom of the well due to the closed downhole environment and limited signal transmission. Currently, vibration monitoring mainly relies on the downhole measurement while drilling system (MWD) / logging while drilling system (LWD) or ground auxiliary equipment, but the former is limited by the mud pulse transmission bandwidth and has extremely low data upload rate, usually only event-triggered data compression upload can be achieved, which cannot support high-frequency continuous waveform return; the latter mostly uses encircling sensor tools installed in the wellhead area through clamping or binding. Such tools have poor adhesion with the drilling string and are prone to relative displacement under high vibration conditions, resulting in distorted measurement signals.

[0004] There are many technical challenges in constructing a high-precision wellhead vibration monitoring system. Existing shock vibration measuring devices are mostly designed as external attachments, and the mechanical connection is loose, which cannot guarantee the rigid coupling between the sensor and the drilling string body, resulting in inconsistent vibration transmission path and poor representativeness of the measurement results. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a short-section wellhead vibration measuring device to solve the problem of low accuracy of vibration measurement due to poor adhesion of external sensor with the drilling string, which is prone to relative sliding, resulting in distorted vibration transmission path.

[0006] This invention provides a short-section wellhead vibration measuring device, which includes a drill collar, an acceleration sensor, and a controller;

[0007] The drill collar is positioned between the top drive and the upper drill string of the drilling system;

[0008] The acceleration sensor and the controller are disposed inside the drill collar;

[0009] The accelerometer is used to acquire the acceleration information of the upper drill string;

[0010] The controller is communicatively connected to the acceleration sensor to acquire the acceleration information and determine the vibration information of the upper drill string based on the acceleration information.

[0011] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes an angular velocity sensor disposed inside the drill collar;

[0012] The angular velocity sensor is used to acquire the rotation information of the top drive;

[0013] The controller is also communicatively connected to the angular velocity sensor to acquire the rotation information and transmit the rotation information to an external device.

[0014] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes a temperature sensor disposed inside the drill collar;

[0015] The temperature sensor is used to acquire temperature information inside the drill collar;

[0016] The controller is also communicatively connected to the temperature sensor to acquire the temperature information and determine the vibration information of the upper drill string based on the temperature information and the acceleration information.

[0017] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes an antenna and a wireless transmission module disposed within the drill collar;

[0018] The controller is communicatively connected to the wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module is also communicatively connected to the antenna, and the antenna is also communicatively connected to external devices.

[0019] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes a storage unit;

[0020] The controller is communicatively connected to the storage unit and is used to transmit the acceleration information and the vibration information to the storage unit when the communication between the controller and the wireless transmission module is disconnected. It is also used to transmit the acceleration information and the vibration information stored in the storage unit to the wireless transmission module when the communication between the controller and the wireless transmission module is restored, and then transmit them to the external device through the antenna.

[0021] Optionally, the drill collar includes a first placement chamber; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a first cover plate;

[0022] The antenna is disposed within the first placement compartment;

[0023] The first cover plate is placed on the first placement chamber and connected to the first placement chamber by adhesive.

[0024] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device may further include a first rubber damping ring;

[0025] The first rubber shock absorber ring is disposed between the first placement chamber and the first cover plate.

[0026] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes a battery assembly disposed within the drill collar;

[0027] The battery assembly includes a battery pack, a battery pack pressure plate, and a battery plug fixing plate;

[0028] The battery pack is fixed to the battery pack pressure plate and electrically connected to the plug fixed to the battery plug fixing plate. The plug is also electrically connected to the acceleration sensor and the controller respectively.

[0029] The battery pack is used to power the accelerometer and the controller.

[0030] Optionally, the drill collar includes a second placement chamber; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a second cover plate;

[0031] The battery assembly is disposed within the second placement compartment;

[0032] The second cover plate is placed on the second placement compartment and connected to the second placement compartment by adhesive.

[0033] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device may further include a second rubber damping ring;

[0034] The second rubber shock absorber ring is disposed between the second placement chamber and the second cover plate.

[0035] Optionally, the drill collar includes a third placement chamber; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes a third cover plate and a vibration measuring plate located within the third placement chamber;

[0036] The acceleration sensor is mounted on the vibration metering plate;

[0037] The third cover plate is placed on the third placement compartment and connected to the third placement compartment by adhesive.

[0038] Optionally, the drill collar includes a fourth placement chamber; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a main control board located within the fourth placement chamber;

[0039] The controller is mounted on the main control board;

[0040] The fourth placement compartment is arranged adjacent to the third placement compartment; the third cover plate is placed on the fourth placement compartment and connected to the fourth placement compartment by adhesive.

[0041] Optionally, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device may also include a third rubber damping ring;

[0042] The third rubber shock absorber ring is disposed between the third placement chamber and the third cover plate, and between the fourth placement chamber and the third cover plate.

[0043] Optionally, the acceleration sensor may include a miniature acceleration sensor.

[0044] Optionally, the wireless transmission module includes a Purple Bee wireless transmission module.

[0045] The technical solution of this invention embodiment, by setting a short-section wellhead vibration measurement device located between the top drive and the upper drill string, consists of a drill collar and an acceleration sensor and controller installed inside the drill collar. That is, the wellhead vibration measurement device in this invention embodiment adopts an integrated short-section structure design, which enables the wellhead vibration measurement device in this invention embodiment to have excellent mechanical strength and shock resistance, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the acceleration information obtained by the acceleration sensor, and thus beneficial to improving the accuracy of vibration measurement.

[0046] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a short-section wellhead vibration measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the provided short-section wellhead vibration measuring device along section line A-A';

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a power-on component provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only used to describe the relative positional relationships between components or constituent parts, and do not specifically limit the specific installation orientation of each component or constituent part.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a short-section wellhead vibration measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1The provided schematic diagram of the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device along section line A-A' is for reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measurement device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a drill collar 10, an acceleration sensor 20, and a controller 30. The drill collar 10 is disposed between the top drive and the upper drill string of the drilling system. The acceleration sensor 20 and the controller 30 are disposed inside the drill collar 10. The acceleration sensor 20 is used to acquire the acceleration information of the upper drill string. The controller 30 is communicatively connected to the acceleration sensor 20 and is used to acquire the acceleration information and determine the vibration information of the upper drill string based on the acceleration information.

[0054] For example, the drill collar 10 in this embodiment of the invention can be made of high-temperature alloy (e.g., domestically produced Inconel 718). The outer diameter of the drill collar 10 can be 188 mm, and the inner diameter can be 71.5 mm. It can withstand a tensile force of up to 1200 tons and a torque of up to 75 kN•m. The drill collar 10 in this embodiment of the invention can adopt a short-section rigid structure design. The short-section drill collar 10 is directly connected in series between the top drive and the upper drill string, which can realize the fixed connection between the wellhead vibration measurement device and the drill string body. This avoids the problem of serious deviation in the measurement caused by the external ring-type sensor tool not fitting tightly and being easy to slide. The acceleration sensor 20 in this embodiment of the invention is set inside the drill collar 10. The drill collar 10 can improve its mechanical coupling with the drill string, which is beneficial to ensure the authenticity and stability of signal transmission.

[0055] As a possible implementation method, the acceleration sensor 20 in this embodiment of the invention includes a miniature acceleration sensor.

[0056] For example, the miniature accelerometer 20 can be a high dynamic response MEMS accelerometer that can simultaneously acquire acceleration information of the upper drill string in three mutually perpendicular directions at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz.

[0057] The controller 30 is communicatively connected to the accelerometer 20 and can acquire the acceleration information output by the accelerometer 20. It is understood that during the vibration of the upper drill string, its velocity in three mutually perpendicular directions is constantly changing. Vibration inevitably generates acceleration, and there is a relationship between the two. Therefore, the controller 30 can determine the vibration information of the upper drill string in three mutually perpendicular directions based on the acquired acceleration information of the upper drill string in these directions. This allows for the complete capture of high-frequency transient characteristics such as impact and resonance during the drilling process, overcoming the problems of low sampling rate leading to lost sensing information and inaccurate vibration information in existing ring-type sensor tools. This significantly improves the accuracy and fidelity of wellhead vibration measurement, enabling precise measurement of high-frequency triaxial vibration.

[0058] This invention, through a short-section wellhead vibration measurement device located between the top drive and the upper drill string, comprises a drill collar 10 and an acceleration sensor 20 and a controller 30 disposed within the drill collar 10. This integrated short-section structure design provides excellent mechanical strength and vibration resistance, improving the accuracy of acceleration information acquired by the acceleration sensor 20 and consequently enhancing vibration measurement accuracy. Furthermore, by deploying the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device below the top drive and adjacent to the vibration source, high-quality wellhead vibration response data can be obtained. This provides raw data support for subsequent inversion of drill string system dynamics, identification of typical vibration modes such as stick-slip and drill skipping, and serves as a data foundation for engineers to judge and analyze downhole conditions.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes an angular velocity sensor 40 disposed in the drill collar 10; the angular velocity sensor 40 is used to acquire the rotation information of the top drive; the controller 30 is also communicatively connected to the angular velocity sensor 40 to acquire the rotation information and transmit the rotation information to external devices.

[0060] This invention, through the installation of an angular velocity sensor 40 within the drill collar 10 to acquire top drive rotation information, and a controller 30 to transmit the acquired top drive rotation information to external devices, allows operators to view the top drive rotation information in real time, enabling real-time monitoring of top drive speed changes. This continuous monitoring of wellhead vibration provides data for field engineers to promptly identify abnormal vibration trends, assess equipment operating status, and prevent risks such as wellhead seal failure and loose connections. It assists field engineers in making reasonable operational decisions, reducing the risk of unplanned tripping, and ultimately improving drilling safety, operational continuity, and efficiency.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes a temperature sensor 50 disposed inside the drill collar 10; the temperature sensor 50 is used to acquire temperature information inside the drill collar 10; the controller 30 is also communicatively connected to the temperature sensor 50 to acquire temperature information and determine the vibration information of the upper drill string based on the temperature information and acceleration information.

[0062] It is understandable that the ambient temperature of the sensor affects the measurement accuracy of the sensor. In order to reduce the impact of ambient temperature on the measurement accuracy of the accelerometer 20, this embodiment of the invention provides a temperature sensor 50 inside the drill collar 10. The temperature sensor 50 can acquire the temperature information inside the drill collar 10 and transmit the temperature information to the controller 30. The controller 30 can perform temperature drift compensation on the accelerometer 20 based on the acquired temperature information inside the drill collar 10, which helps to improve the accuracy of the acquired temperature information and can further improve the accuracy of vibration measurement.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention can achieve simultaneous measurement of multiple physical quantities such as vibration, rotational speed, and temperature by setting an acceleration sensor 20, an angular velocity sensor 40, and a temperature sensor 50, thereby building a multi-parameter collaborative sensing capability and improving the comprehensive sensing capability of wellhead working conditions.

[0064] Optional, see reference Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes an antenna 60 and a wireless transmission module 70 disposed in the drill collar 10; the controller 30 is communicatively connected to the wireless transmission module 70, the wireless transmission module 70 is also communicatively connected to the antenna 60, and the antenna 60 is also communicatively connected to external devices.

[0065] For example, the controller 30 can establish a communication connection with an external device through the wireless transmission module 70 and the antenna 60, thereby transmitting the obtained acceleration information of the upper drill string, the rotation information of the top drive, the temperature information inside the drill collar 10, and the determined vibration information of the upper drill string to the external device for easy viewing by the staff.

[0066] It should be noted that the controller 30 in this embodiment of the invention can communicate with external devices not only through the wireless transmission module 70 and the antenna 60, but also through the RS485 communication module, USB communication module or 2.4G wireless communication module, thereby obtaining user data / instructions output by the external devices.

[0067] Optionally, the embodiments of the present invention also include a real-time clock (RTC) module and a GPS module. The RTC module is communicatively connected to the controller 30 and can provide real-time clock data to the controller 30. The GPS module is communicatively connected to the controller 30 and can obtain accurate UTC time through satellites, and then transmit the time data including the accurate UTC time to the controller 30.

[0068] As a feasible implementation method, the wireless transmission module 70 in this embodiment of the invention includes a Purple Bee wireless transmission module.

[0069] For example, the wireless transmission module 70 in this embodiment of the invention can be a ZigBee wireless transmission module, i.e., a ZigBee wireless communication chip. The ZigBee wireless transmission module can achieve a stable wireless connection between the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device and the ground receiving equipment (i.e., the aforementioned external equipment), enabling low-latency real-time uploading of measurement data and meeting the timeliness requirements of on-site monitoring and remote reception. ZigBee technology has advantages such as low power consumption, self-organizing networking, and strong anti-interference capabilities. By setting the wireless transmission module 70 in the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device to use a ZigBee wireless transmission module, the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device in this embodiment of the invention can operate stably for a long time in the drilling site, i.e., in a complex electromagnetic environment, which is beneficial to ensuring the real-time performance and reliability of data transmission.

[0070] Optional, see reference Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes a storage unit 80; the controller 30 is communicatively connected to the storage unit 80 and is used to transmit acceleration information and vibration information to the storage unit 80 when the communication between the controller 30 and the wireless transmission module 70 is disconnected, and is also used to transmit the acceleration information and vibration information stored in the storage unit 80 to the wireless transmission module 70 when the communication between the controller 30 and the wireless transmission module 70 is restored, and then transmit it to an external device through the antenna 60.

[0071] For example, the storage unit 80 in this embodiment of the invention can be a large-capacity non-volatile storage unit 80, which can support full local storage of data. This allows for automatic activation of the local recording mode when wireless communication is interrupted or the signal is abnormal, preventing data loss due to communication failure. After drilling is completed, i.e., after the drilling system stops working, complete data can be exported for subsequent analysis, achieving dual-mode operation of "real-time transmission + local backup," which can comprehensively improve the system's data protection capabilities and ensure the integrity and traceability of critical data.

[0072] This invention, through the adoption of an integrated short-section structure design for the drill collar 10, incorporates a high-precision MEMS accelerometer 20, an angular velocity sensor 40, and a temperature sensor 50. Combined with a 1000Hz high-frequency synchronous acquisition circuit, a ZigBee wireless transmission module 70, and a local large-capacity storage unit 80, it enables high-fidelity acquisition and stable transmission of acceleration, rotational speed, and temperature information of wellhead equipment. This provides high-quality, traceable raw data support for state perception during the drilling process and subsequent operational condition analysis. It solves the problems of low sampling frequency, poor sensor fit, insufficient real-time data transmission, and lack of local storage guarantees in existing wellhead vibration monitoring methods, thereby improving the accuracy, reliability, and engineering applicability of vibration measurements.

[0073] Optional, see reference Figure 2The drill collar 10 in this embodiment of the invention includes a first placement chamber 601; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a first cover plate 602; the antenna 60 is disposed in the first placement chamber 601; the first cover plate 602 is placed on the first placement chamber 601 and connected to the first placement chamber 601 by glue.

[0074] For example, in this embodiment of the invention, the antenna 60 can be installed in the slot of the first placement compartment 601 for fixation. An adjustment pad 61 can be installed on the outside of the antenna 60, and a first cover plate 602 can be installed on the outside of the adjustment pad 61. After the antenna 60 is installed, it can be sealed with glue to complete the shockproof function.

[0075] In one feasible implementation, refer to Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes a first rubber damping ring (not shown in the figure); the first rubber damping ring is disposed between the first placement chamber 601 and the first cover plate 602.

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, a first rubber shock-absorbing ring is provided between the first placement chamber 601 and the first cover plate 602 to buffer vibration, absorb impact, and achieve vibration reduction, noise reduction, and sealing protection.

[0077] Optional, see reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes a battery pack 91 disposed in the drill collar 10; the battery pack 91 includes a battery pack 91, a battery pack pressure plate 92, and a battery plug fixing plate 93; the battery pack 91 is fixed on the battery pack pressure plate 92 and electrically connected to a plug fixed on the battery plug fixing plate 93, and the plug is also electrically connected to the acceleration sensor 20 and the controller 30 respectively; the battery pack 91 is used to power the acceleration sensor 20 and the controller 30.

[0078] For example, battery pack 91 can be connected to a small-diameter battery pack pressure plate 92 and connected in series with battery plug fixing plate 93. Power is supplied by individual battery pack units 91, with each pack using three LSH20-85 batteries connected in parallel. Silicone pads can be added inside battery pack 91, and polyimide high-temperature tape or fiberglass tape can be wrapped around the outside for shock absorption. The specifications of battery pack 91 can be: 1. Voltage 3.6V, capacity 42AH; 2. Operating temperature -40℃~+85℃.

[0079] It should be noted that the plug in this embodiment of the invention can be electrically connected not only to the accelerometer 20 and the controller 30, but also to the angular velocity sensor 40, the temperature sensor 50, the memory, the RS485 communication module, the USB communication module, the 2.4G wireless communication module, the real-time clock (RTC) module, and the GPS module. The battery pack 91 can power the accelerometer 20, the controller 30, the velocity sensor, the temperature sensor 50, the memory, the RS485 communication module, the USB communication module, the 2.4G wireless communication module, the real-time clock (RTC) module, and the GPS module. Specifically, the output terminal of the battery pack 91 (which can output 3.6V voltage) is connected to the input terminal of the 5V boost module, the output terminal of the 5V boost module is connected to the input terminal of the 3.3V power supply module, and the output terminal of the 3.3V power supply module powers the accelerometer 20, the controller 30, the velocity sensor, the temperature sensor 50, the memory, the RS485 communication module, the USB communication module, the 2.4G wireless communication module, the real-time clock (RTC) module, and the GPS module.

[0080] Optional, see reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drill collar 10 in this embodiment of the invention includes a second placement chamber 901; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a second cover plate 902; the battery pack 91 is disposed in the second placement chamber 901; the second cover plate 902 is placed on the second placement chamber 901 and connected to the second placement chamber 901 by adhesive.

[0081] For example, in this embodiment of the invention, the battery pack assembly 90 is placed in the second placement compartment 901, and a second cover plate 902 is provided outside the second placement compartment 901. After installation, it is sealed with adhesive to complete the shockproof function.

[0082] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a power-on component provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 3 To facilitate charging of the battery pack 91 when it is depleted, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device in this embodiment of the invention also includes a power-on component 120. The power-on component 120 includes a power-on plug 121 and a power-on switch 122. The power-on plug 121 is installed on the other side of the second placement compartment 901, which can be called the power-on compartment. Two conductive wires are extended from the positive and negative terminals of the battery plug 121 of the battery pack 91 to the position of the power-on switch 122, and a break point is provided. By installing the power-on plug 121, the circuit can be connected to achieve the function of powering on. The power-on compartment is also equipped with a cover plate, which is sealed after installation to complete the shock-resistant function.

[0083] In one feasible implementation, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes a second rubber damping ring (not shown in the figure); the second rubber damping ring is disposed between the second placement chamber 901 and the second cover plate 902.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, a second rubber shock absorber ring is provided between the second placement chamber 901 and the second cover plate 902 to buffer vibration and absorb impact, thereby achieving vibration reduction, noise reduction, and sealing protection.

[0085] Optional, see reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drill collar 10 in this embodiment of the invention includes a third placement chamber 201; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a third cover plate 202 and a vibration measuring plate 100 located in the third placement chamber 201; an acceleration sensor 20 is disposed on the vibration measuring plate 100; the third cover plate 202 is placed on the third placement chamber 201 and connected to the third placement chamber 201 by adhesive.

[0086] The vibration metering plate 100 is fixed to the slot in the third placement chamber 201. A circuit cover is installed on the outside of the third placement chamber 201, and after installation, it is sealed with adhesive to achieve vibration resistance. The vibration metering plate 100 is also equipped with an FPU processor for floating-point operations. The system operating clock frequency is 72MHz, which maximizes the system's data processing speed and enables the acquisition, storage, and transmission of vibration data at 1500Hz. To ensure equipment stability and energy consumption, the frequency is set to 1000Hz.

[0087] Optional, see reference Figure 2 The drill collar 10 in this embodiment of the invention includes a fourth placement chamber 301; the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a main control board 110 located in the fourth placement chamber 301; the controller 30 is disposed on the main control board 110; the fourth placement chamber 301 is disposed adjacent to the third placement chamber 201; the third cover plate 202 is disposed on the fourth placement chamber 301 and connected to the fourth placement chamber 301 by glue.

[0088] For example, the main control board 110 equipped with the controller 30 can be installed in the slot of the fourth placement compartment 301 for fixation. The fourth placement compartment 301 and the third placement compartment 201 are in adjacent positions and can share the same third cover plate 202. After installation, it is sealed with glue to complete the shockproof function.

[0089] It should be noted that the angular velocity sensor 40, temperature sensor 50, wireless transmission module 70, and memory in the embodiments of the present invention can also be set on the vibration metering plate 100.

[0090] In one feasible implementation, the short-section wellhead vibration measuring device further includes a third rubber damping ring (not shown in the figure); the third rubber damping ring is disposed between the third placement chamber 201 and the third cover plate 202, and between the fourth placement chamber 301 and the third cover plate 202.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting a second rubber damping ring between the third placement chamber 201 and the third cover plate 202, and between the fourth placement chamber 301 and the third cover plate 202, vibration can be buffered and impact absorbed to achieve vibration reduction, noise reduction and sealing protection.

[0092] All placement compartments and covers are equipped with rubber shock-absorbing rings, and there are transducers between the compartments that can be connected to signal cables. The placement compartments are surrounded by screw holes, and all covers can be fixed with screws when installing them.

[0093] Compared with the prior art, the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device provided by the present invention has the following significant advantages and positive effects:

[0094] 1. Significantly improves the real-time performance and data integrity of vibration monitoring:

[0095] Traditional wellhead vibration monitoring relies heavily on external, ring-type sensors, which are limited by low sampling frequencies (typically below 200Hz), susceptibility to signal distortion, and lack of local storage capabilities, leading to data loss upon communication interruption. This invention, through the integration of an accelerometer 20, an angular velocity sensor 40, and a temperature sensor 50 within the drill collar 10, enables high-frequency synchronous acquisition of triaxial acceleration, angular velocity, and temperature parameters at a sampling rate of 1000Hz, comprehensively capturing transient vibration characteristics such as impact and resonance. Simultaneously, it is equipped with a large-capacity non-volatile storage unit 80, supporting dual-mode operation of "real-time wireless transmission + local full storage." In the event of ZigBee communication failure, it automatically switches to local recording mode, and after communication is restored, it supports resume transmission from where it left off or data export after tripping out of the drill string, comprehensively ensuring the continuity and traceability of critical data.

[0096] 2. Achieve high-fidelity signal acquisition, significantly improving measurement accuracy:

[0097] Existing external sensors are prone to relative slippage due to poor fit with the drill string, leading to distortion of the vibration transmission path. The short-section wellhead vibration measurement device in this invention employs a short-section rigid structure design, directly connected in series between the top drive and the upper drill string, achieving a mechanically integrated connection with the drill string body. This ensures a stable and attenuated vibration signal transmission path, fundamentally eliminating measurement errors caused by loose installation and significantly improving the accuracy and representativeness of vibration data.

[0098] 3. Construct a multi-parameter collaborative sensing system to enhance the ability to identify operating conditions:

[0099] This invention not only collects triaxial vibration signals but also integrates an angular velocity sensor 40 for real-time monitoring of top drive speed fluctuations and a temperature sensor 50 for environmental monitoring and temperature drift compensation, forming a multi-physical quantity fusion sensing capability of "vibration-speed-temperature". This multi-parameter collaborative mechanism provides more comprehensive data support for identifying typical harmful vibration modes such as stick-slip, drill jump, and lateral vortex, improving the comprehensive identification capability for complex working conditions.

[0100] 4. Stable and reliable wireless transmission, adaptable to complex field environments:

[0101] To address the challenges of strong electromagnetic interference and frequent equipment movement at drilling sites, this invention employs ZigBee wireless communication technology. This technology offers advantages such as low power consumption, self-organizing networking, and strong anti-interference capabilities, enabling the establishment of stable data links in complex industrial environments. Combined with embedded front-end data compression and packet scheduling algorithms, it achieves efficient transmission of critical information within limited bandwidth, meeting the timeliness requirements of remote monitoring and real-time early warning.

[0102] 5. It has strong engineering applicability and is easy to promote and apply:

[0103] The short-section wellhead vibration measurement device in this embodiment of the invention adopts a modular design, is compact in structure, and has a high protection level. All electronic compartments are equipped with rubber shock-absorbing rings and sealing covers, and are sealed with adhesive, providing excellent shock resistance, waterproofing, and high-temperature resistance (-40℃ to +85℃). It is suitable for various complex drilling operation environments on land and at sea. The installation method is simple, and it can be directly connected to existing drill string assemblies without additional clamping or modification, achieving plug-and-play functionality. It has good field adaptability and potential for large-scale promotion.

[0104] 6. Provide a high-quality data foundation for downhole operating condition inversion and intelligent decision-making:

[0105] In this embodiment of the invention, the short-section wellhead vibration measurement device is deployed below the top drive and close to the vibration source. The high-fidelity wellhead vibration response data obtained can be used as a key input for inverting the dynamic behavior of the downhole drill string. Combined with subsequent modeling and analysis, it can effectively identify abnormal downhole vibration modes, assist in optimizing key parameters such as drilling pressure and rotational speed, and serve the adaptive control of drilling parameters, vibration early warning and active control, thus promoting the development of drilling operations towards a closed-loop intelligent direction of "perception-analysis-decision-control".

[0106] 7. Improve drilling safety and operational efficiency:

[0107] By continuously monitoring the vibration status of the wellhead around the clock, abnormal vibration trends can be detected in a timely manner, and potential risks such as top drive abnormalities, loose connections, and wellhead seal failures can be warned in advance. This reduces the number of unplanned trips, extends equipment life, ensures operational safety, and helps to improve the rate of drilling (ROP) and reduce overall drilling costs.

[0108] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A short-section wellhead vibration measuring device, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device includes a drill collar, an acceleration sensor, and a controller; The drill collar is positioned between the top drive and the upper drill string of the drilling system; The acceleration sensor and the controller are disposed inside the drill collar; The accelerometer is used to acquire the acceleration information of the upper drill string; The controller is communicatively connected to the acceleration sensor to acquire the acceleration information and determine the vibration information of the upper drill string based on the acceleration information.

2. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes an angular velocity sensor installed inside the drill collar; The angular velocity sensor is used to acquire the rotation information of the top drive; The controller is also communicatively connected to the angular velocity sensor to acquire the rotation information and transmit the rotation information to an external device.

3. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a temperature sensor installed inside the drill collar; The temperature sensor is used to acquire temperature information inside the drill collar; The controller is also communicatively connected to the temperature sensor to acquire the temperature information and determine the vibration information of the upper drill string based on the temperature information and the acceleration information.

4. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes an antenna and a wireless transmission module installed inside the drill collar; The controller is communicatively connected to the wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module is also communicatively connected to the antenna, and the antenna is also communicatively connected to external devices.

5. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a storage unit; The controller is communicatively connected to the storage unit and is used to transmit the acceleration information and the vibration information to the storage unit when the communication between the controller and the wireless transmission module is disconnected. It is also used to transmit the acceleration information and the vibration information stored in the storage unit to the wireless transmission module when the communication between the controller and the wireless transmission module is restored, and then transmit them to the external device through the antenna.

6. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drill collar includes a first placement chamber; the wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a first cover plate; The antenna is disposed within the first placement compartment; The first cover plate is placed on the first placement chamber and connected to the first placement chamber by adhesive.

7. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a first rubber damping ring; The first rubber shock absorber ring is disposed between the first placement chamber and the first cover plate.

8. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a battery assembly disposed inside the drill collar; The battery assembly includes a battery pack, a battery pack pressure plate, and a battery plug fixing plate; The battery pack is fixed to the battery pack pressure plate and electrically connected to the plug fixed to the battery plug fixing plate. The plug is also electrically connected to the acceleration sensor and the controller respectively. The battery pack is used to power the accelerometer and the controller.

9. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drill collar includes a second placement chamber; the wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a second cover plate; The battery assembly is disposed within the second placement compartment; The second cover plate is placed on the second placement compartment and connected to the second placement compartment by adhesive.

10. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a second rubber damping ring; The second rubber shock absorber ring is disposed between the second placement chamber and the second cover plate.

11. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill collar includes a third placement chamber; the wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a third cover plate and a vibration measuring plate located inside the third placement chamber; The acceleration sensor is mounted on the vibration metering plate; The third cover plate is placed on the third placement compartment and connected to the third placement compartment by adhesive.

12. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The drill collar includes a fourth placement chamber; the wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a main control board located within the fourth placement chamber; The controller is mounted on the main control board; The fourth placement compartment is arranged adjacent to the third placement compartment; the third cover plate is placed on the fourth placement compartment and connected to the fourth placement compartment by adhesive.

13. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The wellhead vibration measuring device also includes a third rubber damping ring; The third rubber shock absorber ring is disposed between the third placement chamber and the third cover plate, and between the fourth placement chamber and the third cover plate.

14. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerometer includes a miniature accelerometer.

15. The short-section wellhead vibration measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wireless transmission module includes the Purple Bee wireless transmission module.

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